Final Report

Civil Society Monitoring of Security Sector Development (CSM-SSD)

Final Report

13 September 2013 – 12 September 2017

Photo Above: Seminar in Viqueque Municipality on Conflict Prevention during the Parliamentary Election on June 07th 2017 (Photo credit: Municipal Coordinator Viqueque-Belun)

Submission Details Date submitted: 15 December 2017 Prepared for: USAID Prepared by: NGO Belun Contact Person: Marilia Oliveira da Costa, Chief of Party Contact email: [email protected]

ACRONYMS

USAID United States Agency for International Development UNDP United Nations Development Programme CSM-SSD Civil Society Monitoring of Security Sector Development EWER Early Warning, Early Response FM Fundasaun Mahein MEV Monitoring Electoral Violence IT Information Technologic CNE National Electoral Commission PNTL National Police Timor-Leste F-FDTL Timor Leste Defence Force BOP Public Order Battalion UEP Special Police Unit EU European Union CPRN Conflict Prevention and Response Network DAME Democracy and Development in Action through the Media and Empowerment RPO Research and Policy Officer CPD-RDTL Popular Council for the Defence of the Democratic Republic of East Timor FGD Focus Group Discussion MSS Ministry for Social Solidarity NDCCP National Directorate for Community Conflict Prevention NCCP National Community Conflict Prevention BNCTL The Timor Leste national Bank of Commerce STAE The Ministry of State Administration CNJTL The Timorense national Youth Council FONGTIL Civil Society Organizations RTTL Radio Television Timor Leste TVTL East Timor Television ETAN East Timor Action Network FB Facebook RAEOA Specials Administrative Region of Oe-Cusse Ambeno CT Conflict Transformation MC Municipal Coordinator MoI Minister of Interior UEP Commander of Special Police Unit PQA Program Quality Advisor SEPI Secretariat of State for the Promotion of Equality CNJTL National Youth Council DNTPSC National Directorate on Land and Property CNRT National Congress Reconstruction Timorense DAME Democracy and Development in Action through the Media and Empowerment SWG Security Working Group PMO Primer Minister Office UAS Assessorial Civil Society Unit HAK Human Right Associate AJAR Asia Justice and Right UNPAZ National University for Peace ILO International Labour Organization HIVOS Hivos & Humanism Organization TAF The Asian Foundation GIZ German Society for International Cooperation

FAO Food and Agriculture Organization WFP World Food Program CPRN Community Conflict Prevention and Response PRADET Psychosocial Recovery and Development in East Timor Alfela Legal Assistance to Women and Children NGO Non Government Organization MAG Martial Art Group CCTV Closed Circuit television IOM International Organization for Migration NDI National Democratic Institute OIPAS Observatorio da Igreja Paraos Assuntos Socials

Table of Contents:

1. Executive Summary ...... 5 PROGRESS ACHIEVED ...... 5 4. Problems Encountered and Lessons Learned ...... 27 5. Cost Overruns ...... 28 6. Success Stories ...... 28 7. Conclusion and Way Forward ...... 34

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Belun’s Early Warning, Early Response (EWER) system continued monitoring for violent incidents and changes to human security indicators throughout the CSM-SSD program, which supports the operation of the EWER system in 5 municipalities (Ainaro, Baucau, Dili, Oekusi and Viqueque). Please note that these municipalities changed on 19 August 2014, as the first CSM-SSD contract amendment was approved by the Agreement Officer..

The Early Warning, Early Response (EWER) system uses a volunteer monitoring network to gather data and information about incidents of violence and situational change in all 13 municipalities of Timor-Leste. 86 monitors operating in 43 administrative posts collect the data, which is then transmitted to the Belun office for analysis by 5 members of the EWER Management team and entry into the EWER database by 13 Municipals Coordinators. This project’s first contract was from 13 September 2013-12 September 2016, with Belun awarded the USAID grant and Fundasaun Mahein as sub-grantee with Belun for 3 years. In 13 September 2016 the project was extended to monitoring electoral Violence for suku Election, 2017 Presidential Election and Parliament Election. For a total of four years Belun implemented this project from 13 September 2013 and end of the project 12 September 2017.

PROGRESS ACHIEVED

ER 1. 1: Civil Society monitoring results are published on a regular basis, providing timely and reliable informational and analytical reports on the security sector to the Secretariat of State for Security, Civil Society and Timorese public;

Indicator 1 Due for reporting Annual Target Full program (Y1-Y3) result

# of regular reports on Quarterly 12 37 Human Security and Threats to Public Safety and Progress towards Security Sector Development published Belun’s Crowdmap includes incidents from 36 months. Fundasaun Mahein (FM) also completed at least one blog post every month, but often many more, with a total of 114 blog posts from 36 months.

In FY14, Fundasaun Mahein kept up to date, even surpassing the goals set out for it in this Indicator. Over the past three quarters of FY14 Fundasaun Mahein published 38 blog posts on its website with 12 blog posts being published in the last quarter. This is far in excess of the stated annual goal in the Performance Management Plan of 12.In Quarter 8 (Q8) FY15, FM continued to archive its research and publications in the database, and relies heavily on the research and archived accumulated within the database for its ongoing research and reporting. FM during Q8 FY14 also identified a method for improving the database, wherein the information and reports archived by FM within the database would directly link to the Fundasaun Mahein webpage, and thus provide access to FM's mission, ongoing operations, related reports, contact information, etc.

Indicator 2 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1-Y3) result

# of issue-based Quarterly 32 120 (FY14: 50; FY15: reports produced and 35; FY16: 35) disseminated to national stakeholders The target of 32 issue-based reports for FY14 was surpassed in Q3, and 50 reports were published by CSM-SSD in Y1 since it started in September 2013. This includes 2 Conflict Potential Analysis reports (1 in Q1 and 1 in Q4), 11 monthly situation reviews, and 7 alerts. Belun also released an updated and condensed version of a 2012 policy brief on the process for Veteran’s payments in Q4. FM published 27 Mahein Nia Lian reports and 2 Mahein’s Thoughts reports since the beginning of FY14.

The target of 32 issue-based reports for Y2 was surpassed, and 35 reports were published by CSM-SSD in year 2. In year 2 Belun published 1 Conflict Potential Analysis reports, 12 monthly situation reviews over the four quarters, and 3 alerts over the 4 quarters. Belun also released one Policy brief about elderly pension in Q2 FY15. FM published 16 Mahein Nia Lian reports and 2 Mahein’s Thoughts reports in FY15.

The target of 32 issue-based reports for Y3 was surpassed, and 35 reports were published by CSM-SSD in year 3. This includes 12 monthly situation reviews over the four quarters, and 4 alerts over the 4 quarters, 1 Conflict potential Analysis and 1 policy brief. FM published 13 Mahein Nia Lian reports and 4 Mahein’s Thoughts reports in FY16.

A 1.2.1: Accurate Situation Reviews generated periodically; Thematic Policy Briefs and Conflict Potential Analysis Reports published annually and Alerts published when situation meets EWER criteria; Press Releases and Articles reflecting EWER reporting, analysis and data are circulated to the print media and radio;

EWER Situation Reviews, EWER Alerts and EWER Conflict Potential Analysis report were published online in Tetun and English at http://belun.tl/en/publications/ and disseminated through Belun’s Mailchimp listserv. The publication of Situation Reviews is one of the two key ways (along with the presentation of monitoring data at the administrative post level, shares incident and situation data with the Timorese public to enable them to engage on security sector issues.

List of Publications

- EWER Monthly Situation Reviews (43 total) were published from September 2013-August 2017). In November and December 2014, the situation review was published in one report. - EWER Alerts totaled 18 during four years of project implementation for CSM-SSD/MEV - EWER Annual Conflict Potential Analysis (1) from October 2013-September 2014 and one Trimestral report from June 2013-September 2013. - EWER Policy Brief Reports (3 in total) were published during the 3 years of the CSM-SSD project: 1) The social Impact of the current Administrative processes for veterans payment, 2) Elderly Pensions and Conflict in Timor-Leste and 3) EWER Policy recommendation 2009-2015 Success and Challenges in Implementation. - EWER Press Release: Key project supporting Belun’s EWER system, Civil Society Monitoring of Security Sector Development (CSM-SSD) as funded by USAID, project close

ER 1. 2: Improved operational and technical capacity of Belun and Fundasaun Mahein to implement and sustain monitoring systems for human security and security sector development;

Indicator 3 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1- Y3) average

% of Belun and Fundasaun Annual 60% 95% Mahein program staff reporting increased responsibility or improved management or technical skills each year

In FY14 Belun and Fundasaun Mahein (FM) each conducted staff surveys to discover whether staff members felt that their level of responsibility or management or technical skills had improved during Y1 of the CSM-SSD project. A total of 37 out of 40 staff across both organisations reported increases or improvements in at least one area from the results of the survey.

30 out of 31 Belun staff surveyed felt that they had an increased level of responsibility or had improved in at least one management or technical skill over the past year. 7 out of 9 FM staff surveyed felt the same.

In FY15 Belun and FM each conducted staff surveys to discover whether staff members felt that their level of responsibility or management or technical skills improved during FY15 of the CSM-SSD project. 40 out of 41 Belun staff surveyed felt that they had an increased level of responsibility or had improved in at least one management or technical skill over the past year.

The FY16 only Belun conducted staff surveys to discover whether staff members felt that their level of responsibility or management or technical skills improved during FY16 of the CSM-SSD project. A total of 40 out of 57 staff did that survey. 38 out of 40 staff improved.

A 1.3.1: Training or mentoring of EWER staff in Information and Technologic (IT), Research and Analysis, Management, Leadership, Communications and Advocacy, Media Relations, Conflict Transformation Skills, Mediation, etc.

In FY14 a staff survey was conducted to retrieve data for indicator 3. The survey also asked staff which type of training they would like to receive in the upcoming year.

All Belun staff members were trained in August 2014 on the Belun Finance and Administration manuals, as part of Belun’s efforts to close the CSM-SSD Special Award Conditions. Also training session was held by the Belun Public Policy Officer for the Belun Municipals Coordinators on writing style and clarity.

Throughout Q4 (FY14), the Chief of Party and EWER Program Manager completed most activities in tandem as a form of capacity building, to ensure that the EWER program manager ready to assume the role of Chief of Party at the beginning of FY15. In FY15 Belun program Manager get the position us Chief of Party for CSM-SSD project to continue use her skill to manage the grant, program and reporting in English.

In FY15 In July, Belun hosted one volunteer from US for a month to help Belun in the EWER program related to monitoring data. Activities included: 1. Interviewing EWER Management and some Municipals Coordinator. 2. Collecting and analysing monitoring data monitoring from the database 3. Developing a system using Google forms for online and offline use. 4. Presenting to EWER Management team and also conducting an orientation for Belun’s IT Database Specialist. Belun’s IT Database Specialist continued to get more information online to implement the recommendations of the volunteer.

The Program Quality Advisor (PQA) continued to conduct daily training sessions with the National Chief of Party CSM-SSD during project implementation.

Belun’s EWER Management team reviewed incident forms with the incident manual and situation form, and continued training orientation for municipals coordinator to practice completing the new review form, incident form and situation form, and on the incident manual.

ER 1. 3: Improved knowledge and capacity of EWER monitors in conflict monitoring, conflict analysis, conflict transformation skills and the responsibilities and mandates of security sector institutions

Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1-Y3) Indicator 4 average

% EWER monitors showing Bi-Annual 60% Year 1-From all improved understanding of municipals: 66.67% monitoring, conflict (26/39) analysis, conflict transformation skills and From all USAID the mechanisms and municipals: 54% (7/13) mandates of security sector institutions Year 2-70% (42/60)

Year 3-64% (46/72)

In FY14 Belun held one planned training for EWER monitors during Q4 (FY14). Pre and post tests were administered to measure the effectiveness of the trainings at improving the monitors’ understanding of incident monitoring, conflict analysis, and conflict transformation.

From all three-monitor trainings held during FY15, 70% of EWER monitors (42/60 monitors) showed improved understanding of monitoring, conflict analysis, conflict transformation skills and the mechanisms and mandates of security sector institutions.

Training for monitors held during FY16, 64% of EWER monitors (46/72 monitors) showed improved understanding of monitoring, the training topics about how to collect the incident data, Electoral violence and differences role of division of National Police Timor-Leste (PNTL) and Timor Leste Defence Force (F- FDTL).

In Y3 Belun also invited FM and National Electoral Commission (CNE) as speaker for the training. FM present the topic of the PNTL and F-FDTL standard operating procedures and basic regulations for them to understand, when the monitors are collected the incident data, they know how to categories the incidents and CNE present the topic on election violence monitoring.

A.1.4.1: A six-module training course in Monitoring Conflict analysis, Conflict Transformation skills and the mechanisms and mandates of security sector institutions is conducted. Each of 30 monitors attends two modules per year

From FY14-16, the Belun Conflict Prevention Specialist delivered training sessions for existing EWER monitors, a six-module Conflict Transformation course including conflict analysis and peacebuilding at the micro and macro-levels. Belun conduct two training sessions each year from FY14 the total participated 39 (Female 25 and Male 14), FY16 total participated total 72 (Female 55 and Male 17).

A.1.4.2: Training provided to Conflict Prevention Response Network (CPRN) members who request Conflict Transformation Training through the EWER Conflict Prevention Fund small grants mechanism;

Belun facilitated two trainings to CPRN members through EU co-financing in two administrative posts of Dili municipal, from 19-20 February 2014; in administrative post Metinaro; and from 27-28 February 2014 in administrative post Dom Aleixo.

Democracy and Development in Action through the Media and Empowerment (DAME) program did however hold training sessions for the CPRN in administrative post Aileu, Aileu Municipal on 26-27 May 2014. The training sessions were on proposal writing and dispute mediation.

In Dom Alexio during a reflection after the training, some participants shared stories of their own involvement in conflict and violence. Two participants, one female and one male member shared that since previous trainings from CRS and Belun they have completely stopped using violence to resolve conflicts. The woman told that she herself had often used physical assault in response to men who taunted her, including a security guard at President’s palace. However, since the trainings instead of reacting violently to men’s teasing, she now discusses with youth groups sitting on the side of the road why they should avoid such behaviors. The participants asked Belun’s support to conduct the same training for youth in Bairo Pite who are involved in Martial Arts group conflict.

In Metinaro the participants said it was the first time they had thought about the situational factors influencing domestic violence in the administrative post. They said that now they understood the causes were more complex and involved economic factors and the role of alcohol in exacerbating problems. They now understood that unless the root causes of the challenges for women in the home. Therefore previous efforts to reduce domestic violence had not worked, but they now knew that empowering women economically could be one avenue for addressing such issues in a more holistic manner. They expressed that they would share their new understandings with local leaders.

SO2. Enable the Timorese public to engage with the PNTL, especially on security sector reforms designed to strengthen PNTL performance and accountability

ER 2. 1: Civil Society conducts participatory research to assess community needs and expectations from the security sector;

Indicator 5 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1-Y3) result # of key target groups engaged through Annual 9 24 participatory research in the production of EWER Policy Briefs

During Q3 FY14 and Q4 FY14, Belun’s Research and Policy Officer (RPO) conducted participatory research on the aspirations of former members of the CPD-RDTL group, which was banned by the government of Timor-Leste in Q2 FY14. During his research, the RPO conducted interviews and Focus Group Discussions with 8 key target groups (6 of which count towards this indicator’s results) in 6 Municipals (Baucau, Bobonaro, Dili, Ermera, Manufahi and Viqueque). A summary table of the participants engaged can be found below.

Participatory research was conducted in Q4 FY16, as the Belun’s Research and Policy Specialist worked on the writing and analysis for his report on recommendations from 10 policy briefs. He implemented 6 Focus Groups Discussion (FGD) and 8 Interviews in national level and the draft report is finished and was published in FY16. The FGD with 6 key target groups Conflict Prevention Response Network (CPRN), in 6 Municipalities (Ermera, Baucau, Ainaro, Manufahi, Liquisa, Lautem and Dili). Belun included 5 target groups so 12 total targets were achieved.

A 2.1.1: One EWER Policy Brief researched each year, focusing on identified Human Security concerns (potentially including policing practices and community conflict transformation tools and capacities) to analyze public perceptions and government policy about underlying conflict factors; Policy Briefs published each year to distribution list of over 700 policymakers, state, civil society and international actors;

Over three years the Research and Policy Specialist published three separate Policy Brief reports. An updated version of Belun’s 2012 Policy Brief on the process for the distribution of Veteran’s payments was re-published in August 2014 with new information and recommendations and a one-page supplement from civil society organization La’o Hamutuk. Belun Director, Luis Ximenes, received word from the First Lady of Timor-Leste that she had found the report very interesting and proposed to set up a meeting with Belun about Veteran’s payments.

Belun’s Policy Brief on Pensions Payments for the Elderly report was finalized in Tetun and submitted to the responsible policy makers from the Ministry of Social Solidarity (MSS) for review and feedback on the recommendations. The report was submitted to the current Director for the National Directorate of Social Security, Mr. Leonito Pereira as well as the former-Director Ms. Aida Mota. The report was also discussed with the advisor Sr. Hermengildo da Silva to Secretary of State for Social Security, Mr. Vitor da Costa. These three key state representatives agreed to take one month to review the report and make a plan with Belun for a roundtable discussion on the recommendations and plans for implementation.

All of these MSS representatives provided feedback to Belun that Belun’s two research policy briefs on social assistance payments processes: the first on Veterans payments processes and the second on the Elderly payments processes were extremely valuable and that MSS had used the findings to review their own programming. So impressed were they with the quality of Belun’s research that they invited Belun to be involved in the formal MSS review of all four aspects of the social assistance programming: Veterans pensions, Elderly pensions, Bolsa de Mae (support for widows and orphans) and MSS’s humanitarian assistance programming.

The EWER last policy brief research through the CSM-SSD on the topic area has been maintained despite the Parliamentary Resolution declaring the group CPD-RDTL illegal. The topic of research was adjusted to reflect this status and is defined as: “Ex-members CPD-RDTL’s perspectives on the future of development and stability in Timor-Leste”. The Belun’s research into the History of CPD-RDTL and Implications for the Future of Democracy Timor-Leste was completed in Q9. The report reviews the joint police and military operation that was undertaken to close the group down, and the significant tension that arose as a result of

the government's decision to treat the group's existence as a security issue, rather than a political issue. The report expresses a concern that similar situations, in which the government responds to veteran- related political disagreements with its security apparatus, might arise in the future. For this reason, the report recommends that the government a) use mediation to resolve situations in which similar tensions arise, b) bring members of groups like CPD-RDTL into the country's development processes (for example, through support for already existing agricultural cooperatives), c) identify and sign up eligible ex-members of CPD-RDTL for social assistance, and d) reinforce social cohesion between ex-members and their communities to build peace. Belun Management Team decided to only publish the report in Tetun on Belun website, and did not disseminate it in Belun Mailchimp, East Timor Asian Network (ETAN), Face Book (FB) and Twitter, because of the sensitivity of the report. Belun was disseminated hard copies of the report to key people in certain municipals and certain key members of the government (including, National Parliament Commission F related to youth and sport and the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Environment).

The last report, produced during Y4, focuses on recommendations from 10 policy briefs following Belun’s roundtable discussion at the end of August 2015. The objectives of the meeting were twofold – first, to receive feedback from key stakeholders on the report’s recommendations prior to its publication and, second, to ensure that the report’s recommendations would be heard by and discussed with the policymakers at whom they are targeted. The meeting was attended by representatives of the Ministry for Social Solidarity (MSS), the Secretary of State for Security’s National Directorate for Community Conflict Prevention (NDCCP), the Timor-Leste National Bank of Commerce (BNCTL), the Ministry of State Administration (STAE), the Ministry of Justice’s National Directorate for Civil Registration and Notarization, the World Bank, the Timorese National Youth Council (CNJTL), Civil Society organizations (including FONGTIL and La’o Hamutuk) and local community leaders (the Xefi Suco for Santa Cruz and a youth leader). Media representatives from Timor Post, Television Timor Leste (TVTL) and Radio Television Timor Leste (RTTL) covered the event.

ER 2. 2: Civil Society analysis and commentary is communicated and influences public opinion and national policy;

Indicator 6 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1-Y3) average % interviews with CSM-SSD stakeholders reporting Annually 60% 83.8% influence of Belun and Fundasaun Mahein analysis and commentary on their opinions and activities FY14

Belun and FM both conducted surveys in September/October 2014 to measure the impact of CSM-SSD on its key stakeholders’ opinions and activities.

Belun conducted two surveys: one through its Municipals Coordinators targeted at local leaders and stakeholders at the administrative post level, and one online through the Survey Monkey website targeted at Dili-based policymakers and the international community.

The Municipals Coordinators from the five priority CSM-SSD Municipals asked a series of questions to key stakeholders in each of the administrative post covered by the Early Warning, Early Response system (usually the PNTL commander in the administrative post, the focal point of the Conflict Prevention and Response Network (CPRN) and one other member of the CPRN). This survey resulted in 44

responses, out of which 37 respondents (84.1%) reported that Belun analysis and commentary had influenced their opinions and/or activities.

The online survey through the Survey Monkey website was completed by 63 persons, 46 of which (73%) reported that that Belun analysis and commentary had influenced their opinions and/or activities. Of those who reported Belun influence, a further breakdown of their answers can be seen below. The results show that EWER data is being used to understand the security situation in Timor-Leste, but also to inform research and reporting, create strategy, design programs and even to make policy decisions.

Taken together, both Belun’s surveys were answered by 105 people, 83 of which (79.1%) reported that Belun analysis and commentary had influenced their opinions and/or activities.

Fundasaun Mahein also interviewed 5 people in Specials Administrative Region of Oe-Cusse Ambeno (RAEOA) after one of its Community Management Meetings and found that, on average, 56% of respondents’ opinions and activities had been influenced by FM’s work. As the survey methodology was done differently, and only five people were surveyed, the results are not included in the overall calculation of the indicator.

FY15

Belun conducted two surveys: one through its Municipal Coordinators targeted at local leaders and stakeholders at the administrative posts level, and one online through the Survey Monkey website targeted at Dili-based policymakers and the international community. The Municipal Coordinators from the five priority CSM-SSD Municipal asked a series of questions to key stakeholders in each of the administrative posts covered by the Early Warning, Early Response system (usually the PNTL commander in the administrative posts, the focal point of the Conflict Prevention and Response Network (CPRN) and one other member of the CPRN). This survey resulted in 57 responses. 48 respondents (84.2 %) reported that Belun analysis and commentary had influenced their opinions and/or activities.

The online for both Belun surveys through the Survey Monkey website was completed by 91 persons, 76 of which (83.50 %) reported that Belun analysis and commentary had influenced their opinions and/or activities.

A 2.2.1: EWER database, website with updated reports and online mapping tool incorporated, maintained and updated;

During the CSM-SSD project implementation, Belun’s Media and Communication Specialist find people were access to Social Media Facebook and Crowdmap were increasing because all the information about violence incidents were updated actually. On Belun’s FB was published the Belun report and activities, more people like to read and open the information in FB also added more friends for FB and promoted Crowdmap link to the public by Belun’s Facebook.

EWER’s database was updated with monthly situational and incident data from the EWER monitors, after verification and data entry by the EWER 13 municipal coordinators. The Belun website www.belun.tl was updated with three situation reviews that were published during the last three years. The EWER online mapping tool www.belun.crowdmap.com was updated with all verified incidents according to categories, location and chronology of incidents, but has not been in use since October 2016 when Belun launched the new website on www.atres.tl. All data was archived, and new data is continuously entered into www.atres.tl.

ER 2. 3: Strengthened linkages between non-state actors and state actors, PNTL and community members at national and administrative post levels;

Indicator 7 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1-Y3) average % of community members and PNTL reporting Annual 75% 89.50% improved linkages and opportunities for collaboration

One of the two surveys conducted by Belun on last three years implementation of CSM-SSD (targeted at local leaders at the administrative post level) measured whether PNTL involvement in CPRN activities improved linkages and opportunities for collaboration between community members and the PNTL. 51 out of 57 respondents (89.50%) reported that PNTL involvement was indeed improving linkages and collaboration. Of that number, 16 out of 20 PNTL surveyed reported improvement and 35 out of 37 community members reported improvement.

A 2.3.1: EWER Municipal Coordinators & Monitors share EWER data and analysis with National, Municipal & Administrative posts PNTL on a monthly basis to inform local security response strategies;

EWER Monitors and Municipal Coordinators proceeded with monthly verification of incidents and data sharing with municipal and administrative post-level PNTL officers. PNTL incident reports were verified through EWER processes before they were entered into the EWER incident forms and the EWER database. National, municipal and administrative posts level PNTL units were hand-delivered situation reviews monthly. High-level national-level PNTL commanders also received Belun’s data through its e- mail distribution list.

A 2.3.2: CPRN meetings facilitated on a trimestral basis to share report findings with national and administrative post level stakeholders; Administrative post and Municipal level PNTL Officers participate actively in CPRNs;

Trimestral meetings were implemented by the Conflict Prevention Response Network (CPRN), over three years, with Municipal Coordinators helping organizing and sharing EWER data with members; identifying priority issue; and implementing action plans. Participants responded to issues and spoke during meetings, including PNTL Officers, Administrative Post officials, and the Department of Community Conflict Prevention (DNPCC) under Ministry of Interior (MoI).

ER 2. 4: Community monitors apply improved conflict transformation skills in conflict early response activities;

A 2.4.1: EWER Monitors participate actively in CPRNs and share their knowledge of Communication & Technologic (CT) with other members of the CPRNs;

Trimestral meetings involved monitors to support Municipals Coordinator, to share their role, share the data from their monitoring and share their knowledge of conflict transformation at the village level.

SO3. Strengthen the tools and mechanisms through which the PNTL can respond to the needs and concerns of the Timorese public and enhance overall public safety

ER 3. 1: Civil Society Security Sector monitoring data is presented at discussions between civil society, the PNTL and the Secretary of State for Security to help target resources toward addressing public safety priorities;

Indicator 8 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1-Y3)

result

# of occasions that civil society monitoring data is Annual 12 33 presented at discussions with PNTL and the Minister of Interior

In FY16 Belun met with stakeholders 33 times to present monitoring data including PNTL command, DNPCC, National Conflict Prevention Network, Office of Presidential, Office of Prime Minister, Minister of Justice, etc.

A 3.1.1: EWER data and analysis is shared with the Minister of Interior to inform more targeted PNTL response and resource allocation;

The Belun EWER team was often invited by the DNPCC to share EWER data to members of National Community Conflict Prevention (NCCP). The meetings were to identify priority issues and impact, and raise community concerns for advocacy to the government to respond to issues.

A 3.1.2: EWER data and analysis is shared with National level PNTL intelligence unit;

Belun Media and Communication Specialist added the e-mail addresses of the top PNTL officials to its ‘Mailchimp’ distribution list, so they are receiving Belun data and analysis on a monthly basis. Every month, Belun’s Dili Municipal Coordinators shares paper copies of the situation review to the Vice Commander Municipal Dili, Commander Community Policing and Police Station Commanders in Dili and Municipal.

During FY16, the Belun EWER Management team and Municipal Coordinators met with the Commander of Special Police Unit (UEP) Mr. Afonso Dos Santos in HQ office. The objective of the meeting was to share Belun monitoring data, Policy Brief reports about History of CPD-RDTL and Implications for the Future of Democracy Timor-Leste and also to strengthen collaboration. The Belun EWER Management team also met with Police Senior Forensic Officer, Mr. Mauzinho T. Correia, in HQ office with the same objective. During this meeting the EWER team also updated the PNTL about violent incidents between youth groups and communities from Aisailano and Motolori in Administrative Post Lospalos, which was an unfolding incident that the he had not heard about prior to the meeting.

A 3.1.3: EWER data is presented at discussions with the Minister of Interior, National Directorate for Community Conflict Prevention (NDCCP)’s National level Conflict Prevention Network;

The EWER team, National Chief of Party and Municipal Coordinator Dili participated in meetings of the National Department for community Conflict Prevention (NDCCP), and continued to share Belun monitoring data incidents.

Belun and the National Directorate for community Conflict Prevention organized meetings with the National Conflict Prevention Response Network (NCCPN) to discuss more about a Belun situation review related to incident violence between youth group fighting and violent crime. Belun as members of NCCPN facilitated by National Directorate for Community Conflict Prevention, support the NCCPN to organize national seminars to share the data and conflict prevention at schools identified in EWER data related to conflict between students in Fundasaun Cristal, Sao Migual, Finantil, 4 de Setembru and 10 Dezembru.

A 3.1.4: Local representatives of the Minister of Interior participate in CPRN meetings;

During FY16 Belun, with CPRN, organized trimestral meetings and invited the focal point of National Department for Community Conflict Prevention (part of the MOI) in municipal and national levels.

A 3.1.5: National level representatives of the Minister of Interior speak at CPRN Response Action Plan Events;

National level representatives of the Minister of the Interior were invited as speakers, and the CPRN invited local level representatives to participate in action plan events.

The representative of the Minister of the Interior was invited in national level and local level us speaker person to share about their role to support the community and work in conflict prevention to prevent conflict in community level.

ER 3. 2: Independent Civil Society analysis of security sector trends, conflict drivers and human rights issues conducted and disseminated to the PNTL, policy makers and the public;

Indicator 9 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1-Y3) average % of Reports received by National and Municipal- Quarterly 90% 100% level PNTL Units

The target was reached for all implementation of the CSM-SSD project, as all reports produced by FM and Belun were disseminated to national and municipal-level PNTL units.

A 3.2.1: EWER Conflict Potential Analysis reports published once a year to distribution list of over 700 policymakers, state, civil society and international actors;

Belun’s third annual Conflict Potential Analysis was published at the beginning of Q4 FY16 of CSM-SSD (October 2014-September 2015). This report presents a conflict potential analysis of Timor-Leste. The report analysis is based on incident and situation monitoring data collected by Belun’s Early Warning, Early Response (EWER) system between October 2014 and September 2015. The EWER system recorded 1193 incidents during the reporting period, which was a significant increase over the previous annual period (October 2013-September 2014), in which only 862 incidents were recorded.

A 3.2.2: EWER representatives participate in roundtable discussions and national security processes to share and discuss EWER data and analysis with security sector policy makers, PNTL and civil society organizations;

The EWER program conducted Round Table Discussions discussing “How youth can contribute to local development” in 5 Municipals: Ermera, Aileu, Baucau, Liquiça, Manatuto and Dili. These activities related to incidents in Comoro. Collaboration with Secretary of State for professional and Employment (SEFOPE) and President of The National Youth Council of Timor-Leste (CNJTL). Results of these roundtable discussions included:

• Collaborated with Ministry of Interior, National Directorate for Community Conflict Prevention to attend National Conflict Prevention meetings • Minister of Social Solidarity (MSS) and National Department Social Cohesion • Met with CNE, STAE and PDHJ to develop MOUs on training on electoral violence • Met with Ministry of Education officials to discuss information sharing with schools • Collaborated with PNTL to share Belun monitoring data in national level and municipal level. • Collaborated with Ministry of Justice on ongoing security issues

• Civil Society organization FM, Lao Hamutuk, Rede feto, Peace Center and JSMP etc.

ER 3. 3: Increased awareness among local actors on Security Sector Development processes and needs;

Indicator 10 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1-Y3) average % of local actors who report improved awareness Annually 60% 100% of Security Sector Development processes and needs

FY14

Fundasaun Mahein conducted interviews with 10 attendees at its Community Police Management Meetings in RAOEA in September 2014 and found that 6 out of 10 showed an improved understanding of security sector development processes as a result of the meeting. Of the respondents 8 were men (5 showed improvement) and 2 were women (1 showed improvement).

FY15

Fundasaun Mahein conducted interviews with 4 attendees at its Community Police Management Meetings in Municipal Baucau in September 2015 and found that 4 out of 4 showed an improved understanding of security sector development processes as a result of the meeting. Of the respondents 4 were 3 male and 1 was female.

FY16

Fundasaun Mahein not conducted interview for the end of this project

A 3.3.1: EWER Monitors trained in the responsibilities and mandates of security sector institutions;

During three years, the EWER Program conducted Conflict Transformation training for monitors from 16 administrative posts in Modules 1 & 2 of Belun’s Conflict Transformation Course and in modules 5-6 in later years.

In the second year’s refresher training on Conflict Transformation training held by the Conflict Prevention and Policy Specialist in early December 2014, Fundasaun Mahein conducted a two-hour session in which they explained the mandates of the security sector institutions and discussed Timor-Leste’s national security strategy with the EWER monitors.

In the beginning of year three, Belun collaborated with UNDP and EU delegation support through EWER to implement training for 86 monitors in Dili. The four day training was on monitoring incident data and election monitoring, and the and role and responsibility of the PNTL and F-FDTL, Standard Operating Procedures and basic regulations to better understand the roles and responsibilities of each institution and unit within each institution. This was presented by Fundasaun Mahein.

ER 3. 4: Administrative Post security, conflict prevention and response plans established and initiatives addressing identified conflict factors implemented;

Indicator 11 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1-Y3) result

% of CPRN action plans developed and/or Quarterly 80% 100% implemented with PNTL involvement

Action Plans were implemented by the Conflict Prevention and Response Networks (CPRNs) and conducted in: administrative posts Lautem, Liquiça, Ainaro and Viqueque, Letefoho (Ermera); Same and Fatuberlihu (Manufahi).

From October 20 – 27 2013, the EWER program also conducted Round Table Discussions as part of the action plans, discussing “How youth can contribute to local development” in 5 Municipals: Ermera, Aileu, Baucau, Liquiça, Manatuto and Dili.

The Vera Cruz (Dili) action plan conducted through EC co-financing to the EWER program was a Seminar on Conflict prevention involving updates from five speakers: representatives from the Secretariat of State for the Promotion of Equality (SEPI), the leader of the National Youth Council (CNJTL), representatives of the National Directorate on Land and Property (DNTPSC) and PNTL Vera Cruz Administrative post Squadron Commander.

This seminar provided the first opportunity for many Vera Cruz residents to learn about the Government’s land policy for Motael and Mascarenhas Sucos. Many of the families had thought that after their long period of living on the land, that they would have ownership rights to the land. However the DNTPSC representative clarified that it remains government land if they were not occupying the land before 31 December 1999 and that the government had future plans to use the land for other purposes. This advanced notice of their rights and future government plans gave the members a chance to think about alternative options of residence in the future, in advance of any formal evictions processes.

Leo Vigilio Hornai, Leader of CNJTL responded to the communities’ concerns about youth violence in the administrative post. They recommended to CNJTL to make a plan with the sucos and aldeias to conduct dialogue and identify opportunities for education and engagement with the youth. Leo Vigilio affirmed that CNJTL would make a plan to conduct such a dialogue.

SEPI representatives used the opportunity to explain to the participants the Law against Domestic Violence. The community members were concerned that this violence continues to occur in the administrative post because community leaders continue to intervene by trying to resolve domestic problems through family channels rather than registering cases with the formal justice system. Both SEPI and the PNTL Vera Cruz Administrative post Squadron Commander reinforced to the local leaders in attendance, that cases of Domestic Violence should not be resolved through family but the case needs to be registered with the police and it will then be passed on to the Public Ministry. Their explanations countered common misunderstandings that Law against Domestic Violence cases only need to be taken to the police if the case results in wounds that bleed.

Indicator 12 Due for reporting Annual target Full program (Y1- Y3) result

% of community members who report an improved perception Quarterly 65% 75% of local security as a result of CPRN action plan

One of the two surveys conducted by Belun in last 3 years, – the one targeted at local leaders at the administrative post-level – measured whether past CPRN action plans had improved the respondents’ perception of local security. 43 out of 57 respondents (75%) agreed that past CPRN action plans had improved their perception of local security. 9 respondents reported that past CPRN action plans had resulted in no change in their perception of local security and 5 respondent reported that past CPRN action plans had worsened their perception of local security.

A 3.4.1: Administrative post security, conflict prevention and response plans established and initiatives addressing identified conflict factors implemented;

During Q1 FY14 in seven administrative posts, security, conflict prevention and response plans were implemented to address identified conflict factors. These took place in Tutuala (Lautem), Liquiça Vila, Ainaro Vila, Viqueque Vila, Letefoho and Hatolia (Ermera); Same Vila and Fatuberlihu (Manufahi).

During Q2 FY14 in eight administrative posts, security, conflict prevention and response plans were implemented to address identified conflict factors. These took place in administrative posts: Vera Cruz (Dili), Aileu, (Aileu), Lospalos, (Lautem), Tutuala, (Lautem), Zumalai (Covalima), Uatulari (Viqueque) and Passabe (Oekusi).

Seven of these action plans were implemented through EWER’s sister program, DAME, however the action plan in Vera Cruz (Dili) was funded through EC co-financing to this program.

The Action Plan in Vera Cruz (Dili) was a one day seminar on conflict analysis and conflict prevention about youth, land and domestic violence.

Based on a survey conducted by the District Coordinators in the five USAID Municipals of 20 EWER monitors who are members of their respective CPRNs, 100% agreed that past CPRN action plans had improved their perception of local security.

One CPRN action plan was carried out with USAID funding in Q3 FY14. It took place in Lacló, Manatuto Municipal on 30 June and was attended by 186 people. The topic was “Sharing information about preventing community conflict”. Speakers at the event included the Manatuto Municipal Focal Point on Gender Issues, who spoke about gender-based violence generally and how to prevent it, the Lacló administrative post PNTL commander, who spoke about the Domestic Violence law, a representative of the Lacló Youth Council, who spoke about preventing conflict between youth, and the Priest from the local church, who spoke about the role of the family in preventing conflict.

A 3.4.2: PNTL Officers at the administrative post level engage with community members in the development of response plans for longer-term preventative action to mitigate local conflict factors;

PNTL members were engaged in the planning and implementation of all CPRN activities during FY14- FY15 through active and close consultation by the CPRN event management committees with PNTL in the planning and implementation of these activities. Administrative post Administrators are also always involved in the organizing committees for Action Plans. As an example, at the CPRN action plan carried

out in Lacló administrative post, Manatuto Municipal on 30 June 2014, administrative post PNTL Commander Afonso da Silva Soares spoke about the role of the PNTL in the administrative post and the Law against Domestic Violence.

SO4. Civil society electoral violence monitoring, prevention and response efforts contribute to peaceful Village, Presidential and Parliamentary elections in Timor- Leste

ER 4. 1: Potential for violence or conflict detected in a timely manner, thereby enabling an effective response

Indicator 1 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) average After new tablet-based data Quarterly 20% 78.6% collection system is developed, % of incidents transmitted to Belun more quickly compared to former paper-based system Total incidents from Oct 2016 to March 2017 FY17 = 816, total verified incidents = 480, total unverified incidents = 336. As a result of the new system, incidents on average reached Belun 78.6% quicker, from an average of 12.92 days between the incident occurring and reaching Belun in September 2016 (before the tablet system was implemented) to an average of only 2.77 days in March 2017 (after the tablet system had been operational for a few months).

Indicator 2 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of Administrative Posts Annually 8 8 identified by electoral conflict potential assessment as having the highest electoral conflict potential Based on analysis, results showed that some municipals and administrative posts have strong indicators for conflict. On the municipals level this includes Baucau, Dili and Viqueque.

At the administrative post level, risk of conflict potential was high in many posts: firstly were Baucau Vila and Dom Aleixo, second were Cristo Rei, Uatulari, Aileu Vila, Laga and Bazartete, third were Ermera Vila, Lospalos, Ossu, Viqueque Vila, Vemasse, Lautem, Vera Cruz, Tilomar, Maliana, Letefoho, Metinaro, Remexio, and Hatulia.

A 4.1.1: Daily monitoring by Belun’s EWER monitoring network for violent incidents and changes to the security situation in 43 Administrative Posts, with a focus on electoral violence

Indicator 3 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of administrative posts in Quarterly 43 per month 172 which volunteer monitors are monitoring daily for electoral violence 43 administrative posts were monitored on a daily basis by 86 volunteer monitors throughout the year.

Indicator 4 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result

# of EWER situation report Quarterly 86 344 forms received by Belun HQ every month Every month Belun receive the 86 reports from Municipal Coordinators.

Indicator 5 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result Data about incident victims Quarterly Yes Yes and perpetrators disaggregated by gender (yes/no) All data was disaggregated by gender.

A 4.1.2 Electoral violence monitoring training delivered to EWER staff and volunteer monitors

Indicator 6 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of electoral violence Annually 2 2 trainings held The trainings were implemented in December 2016.

Indicator 7 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result % of EWER management Annually 75% 60% team members, Municipality Coordinators and EWER monitors who improve their understanding of electoral violence monitoring All EWER team and EWER Monitors completed training on electoral violence monitoring in December 2016. Of 92 participating monitors, Municipal Coordinators and EWER Management members who completed pre-test and post-tests, 60% of participants indicated improvement on the post-test. The target was missed because many participants already had high knowledge of the subject and scored equally high on the pre- and post-test. Also, the trainers who came from CNE and PDHJ did not cover all of the topics included in the pre-post test, as they were expected to.

A 4.1.3 Electoral Conflict Potential Assessment published

Indicator 8 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of electoral violence Annually 1 Yes potential assessments published The electoral violence potential assessment was published on 31 March FY17 on Belun’s website Objectives of the evaluation report were to measure out conflict potential changes compared to national elections in the past and suku elections in 2016, and then produce recommendations to relevant institutions in order to responds to challenges in the future. Another objective was to identify areas more vulnerable to conflict for the presidential and parliamentary election in 2017, so that Belun and other stakeholders could take actions on conflict prevention in an appropriate manner.

Indicator 9 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # municipalities visited Annually 7 7 during field research to compile Electoral violence

potential assessment Research and Policy Development Specialist visited for research in Baucau, Viqueque, Ermera, Covalima, Liquisa, Bobonaro and Dili.

ER 4. 2: Public awareness of potential for or occurrence of election-related violence

Indicator 10 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result % of survey respondents Annually 70% 92% who report having read Belun analysis, seen Belun social media posts, seen Belun talk shows on television, heard Belun talk shows on the radio or accessed Belun’s online incident Crowdmap Of 91 survey respondents, 84 indicated they had accessed at least one Belun publication.

Indicator 11 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result % of survey respondents Annually 60% 85% that have accessed Belun’s outreach who report that Belun outreach influenced their opinions or activities Of 91 survey respondents, 7 indicated Belun’s monitoring and/or research had informed their opinions or influenced their activities.

A 4.2.1 Electoral Violence Monitoring Reports published after Village, Presidential and Parliamentary Elections

Indicator 12 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of electoral violence Annually 3 3 monitoring reports published and disseminated On 27 March, Belun published a Suku election violence report on its website. Belun also published an electoral violence monitoring report following the Presidential election in March, and the Parliamentary election in July.

A 4.2.2 Situation reviews and/or urgent alerts published and disseminated

Indicator 13 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of situation reviews Quarterly 12 16 and/or alerts published 12 EWER Situation Reviews were published online in Tetum and English at http://belun.tl/en/publications/ and disseminated through Belun’s ‘Mailchimp’ e-mail distribution list, and at the municipal levels, in hard copy. Belun also published 3 Alerts, 1 Assessment report and 2 Election monitoring reports.

Indicator 14 Due for reporting 4 Year Target Full program result # of summarized situation Annually 4 6 reviews published in major

newspapers The Belun situation review was published in the Timor Post on 19 April 2017 (situation review March), 18 May (situation review April), 19 June (situation review May), 25 July (situation review June), 11 August(situation review July) and 12 September (situation review August 2017).

A 4.2.3 Online incident Crowdmap and social media sites updated with incidents of electoral violence

Indicator 15 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of weeks with updates to Quarterly 52 52 online incident mapping/database system completed The Municipal Coordinator updated the online incident mapping system as each incident happened during the year. The website was launched on 28 February 2017, with incident updated and verified every day.

Indicator 16 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # incident summaries Quarterly 26 6 published on Facebook The new EWER website was launched on 28 February 2017 and involved all incidents updated and verified every day by the Media and Communication Specialist, including a backlog from October- December 2016 and January until June 2017. Once verified, few summaries were published on Facebook. Unfortunately, the number is low due to duplication, a significant workload for the specialist on verifying incidents leading to prioritisation elsewhere, and internal communication challenges which Belun has learned from.

A 4.2.4 SMS network established and used to quickly disseminate information about serious incidents of electoral violence

Indicator 17 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of key stakeholders Annually 100 376 added to SMS dissemination list at national level Belun uses a free SMS service called Frontline SMS to quickly distribute information about serious incidents of electoral violence to stakeholders in all 13 municipalities. Belun’s 86 monitors use a dedicated Frontline SMS phone number to quickly send urgent information about serious incidents to the EWER management team. The EWER management team then verifies the information in the SMS from various sources, edits the information, and forwards the message to stakeholders at the national level and in the municipalities.

Key stakeholders added to the SMS dissemination list at the national level included political parties, CNE, STAE, PNTL, Local leaders, EWER Monitors and Civil Society.

Indicator 18 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of key stakeholders Annually 390 263 added to SMS dissemination list at municipal level All key stakeholders were added to the SMS dissemination list at the municipal level (43 administrative Posts). Key stakeholders included CNE, STAE, PNTL, Local leaders, EWER Monitors, political parties

and Civil Society. As CNE and Ombudsman do not have any offices at the municipal level, and not all political parties had representatives at the municipal level, the number is lower than the target.

Indicator 19 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of SMS’ about serious Annually 30 2 incidents of electoral violence sent to dissemination list

1 SMS was sent to Municipal Viqueque to stakeholders about political party campaigns for parliament election from CNRT and Fretilin around administrative posts in Viqueque on 6-7July 2017. The second SMS was in relation to the presidential election. Very few SMS messages were sent compared to the target as Timor-Leste did not have many serious incidents of electoral violence.

A 4.2.5 Television and radio talk shows aired to raise awareness and share the results of the Electoral Conflict Potential Assessment and Electoral Violence Monitoring Reports

Indicator 20 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of talk shows aired on Annually 2 3 television Three talk shows took place in Y4; one in STL News on 17 March 2017, second on TVTL/rttl News on 20 June 2017, and third in 4 September 2017 on TVTL/rttl. This talk show Belun also invited PDHJ Mr. Silveiro Pinto, CNE Mr. Alcino de Araujo Barris, PNTL Commander Operational Henrique da Costa, Vice President CNE Mr. Duarte Tilman and Belun Ms. Marilia Oliveira da Costa. Moderator from Belun EWER Management team representative.

Indicator 21 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of municipalities in which Annually 13 13 each talk show is re- broadcasted on community radio The talk show broadcasted in Q14 in 10 Community radio stations in 10 Municipalities. Budget did not permit broadcasting in Ermera and Bauca, and Viqueque did not broadcast as time on air was unavailable. The talk show broadcasted in Q15 in 13 Community radio stations in 13 Municipalities.

ER 4. 3: More peaceful campaigning and conduct by political parties leads to less violence during election periods

Indicator 22 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result % of administrative posts in Annually 65% 60% which peace activities are held that experience no increase in electoral violence during election periods Peace activities were held in 15 administrative posts. From the presidential election (prior to Belun's peace activities) to the parliamentary election (following Belun's peace activities), no increase in electoral violence was observed in the Administrative Posts of Aileu Vila, Atabae, Bazartete, Dom Aleixo, Hatolia, Liquica Vila, Nain Feto, Tilomar and Zumalai. However, an increase in electoral violence was observed in Baucau Vila, Cristo Rei, Laga, Lospalos, Oesilio and Viqueque Vila. The largest increase was by 4

incidents in Baucau Vila, which had 4 incidents of electoral violence during the presidential election and 8 incidents of electoral violence in the parliamentary election period. No serious incidents were recorded, as noted in Belun's report on Monitoring Electoral Violence During the 2017 Parliamentary Election.

Indicator 23 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result % of project activities that Annually 70% 40% include representatives from at least 2 political parties Of 15 peace activities, 6 activities included representatives from at least 2 political parties. A total of 20 political parties were represented. The number is low, as often-political parties did not have representatives at the municipal level, only at the national level. They also often did not participate due to preparation for the campaign and election, but were invited by Belun.

A 4.3.1 National seminars held with national-level electoral conflict prevention stakeholders

Indicator 24 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of national seminars held Annually 2 2

The national seminar to present Electoral Violence Monitoring Report for Timor-Leste’s 2017 Presidential Election on 8 May 2017 was held in JL. Villa Aimutin. Belun’s Early Warning, Early Response (EWER) system monitored violence surrounding the presidential election on March 20, 2017. The monitoring was conducted in the period before, during and after the election. 41 mostly minor incidents were registered. The number of recorded incidents is in line with Belun’s pre-election assessment of potential conflict, predicting that “there is low conflict potential, and only minor conflict may occur.” The second national seminar to present Electoral Violence report for Timor Leste 2017 parliament Election on 29 August 2017 was held in Delta Nova Comoro.

Indicator 25 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) average # of key stakeholders Annually 18 20.5 represented in each national seminar (including CNE, STAE, PNTL, PDHJ, national civil society organizations, international civil society organizations, the Ministry of the Interior, the Ministry of Social Solidarity, religious actors, Village Council members from Dili, Embassies, and, most critically, representatives from at least 7 political parties) National Seminars included participants from a range of organisations, including CNE, STAE, PNTL, PDHJ, national and international organisations and government organisations. However, representatives from only 2 political parties attended. 20 key stakeholders were represented in the first seminar and 21 in the second.

A 4.3.2 Regular coordination meetings held with national-level electoral conflict prevention stakeholders

Indicator 26 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result

# of MoUs signed (CNE Annually 2 1 and PDHJ) In November 2016, Belun signed an MoU with CNE. Due to coordination issues, PDHJ did not sign an MOU prior to the end of the project, but Belun maintained good cooperation with PDHJ in national and municipal levels.

Indicator 27 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of advocacy/coordination Quarterly 10 18 meetings at which electoral violence incidents shared with key stakeholders and response activities planned On 10 February FY17, the team participated the Prime Minister’s Office Security Working Group (SWG) meeting, the objective of the meeting to reactivate and evaluate the Security Working Group. The topic for discussed about what is the civil society relevance for advocacy and share the security issue and general situation follow up with ToR for SWG. On 10 March, the team participated Security Working Group meeting.

On 16 February FY17, Belun EWER Management team meet with Advisor Primer Minister Office Mr. Anacleto Ribeiro request to Belun EWER Management team meet with him, because the Primer Minister want to know about Belun’s election work, role in monitoring for electoral violence and plan to publish reports.

On 16 February FY17, Belun EWER Municipal Coordinator participated National Conflict Prevention Network meeting, organize by DNPCC/MoI office. The objective of the meeting to discuss about preparation for presidential and parliament election monitoring and also plan for seminary. The results of the meeting share the rule for members to monitoring during the election.

On 4 April FY17, Belun EWER Media and Communication Specialist (M&CS) participated the Prime Minister’s Office Security Working Group (SWG) meeting, the objective of the meeting to approved the preview result of meeting, security update and present the ToR for SWG. This meeting held in Fundasaun Mahein office and the participated in the meeting from Belun, Human Right Associate (HAK), Asia Justice3 for Right (AJAR) and Assessorial Civil Society Unit (UAS) under Primer Minister Office (PMO). On 2 May, the team participated Security Working Group meeting. The objective of the meeting was to continue reviewing the ToR and finalizes and discuss about campaign and parliament election etc. This meeting held in HAK office and the participated in this meeting from Belun, HAK, Specis, FM, AJAR, HAK, Ita ba Paz and Alfela. This meeting continued to discuss in 6 of June in Legal Assistance to Women and Children (Alfela) office and continued in 9 of June in HAK office more about the parliament election.

On 18 April FY17, Belun EWER Municipal Coordinator participated National Conflict Prevention Network meeting, organize by DNPCC/MoI office. The objective of the meeting to discuss about preparation the ToR for political parties for parliament election monitoring and also plan for seminar. The results of the meeting share the ToR to members and established committee organizer. The participated are evolved. The total 15 people (Female: 6, Male: 9) from DNPCC, CNJTL, SEJD, PNTL, Belun, Peace Centre-UNTL, FM, UNPAZ. This meeting continued for preparation for seminar on 7 June 2017 with the political party from 2 of May 4 May and 1 of June 2017 to discussed more for preparation with the member of NCPN.

On 20 April, Belun EWER Chief of Party participated KSM meeting to represent Belun Director. The topic of the meeting to share about the progress of KPK activities of and share EWER monitoring data and online to participated. The meetings organize by Municipal Commander Dili, Mr. Pedro Belo and members of KPK.

In 12 July, Belun EWER Management and Belun Director meeting with EU delegation for monitoring for electoral violence, the objective of the meeting to discussed and planed for monitoring in parliament election. Belun also share the list of Belun Observer fro the EU for communication during monitoring and

completed the information in nasionál level and municipals level.

In 14 July FY16, Belun Municipal Coordinator meet with EU delegation for monitoring electoral violence in Manatuto Municipal, to discussed more about the monitoring strategic during the campaign and Election Day, this meeting attends by Municipal Coordinator and EWER monitors.

In 14 July FY16, Belun EWER Media and Communication Specialist participated sensitive material distribution to 12 Municipals and RAEOA include from Portugal, England, Korea and Australia from STAE. Participated fro this event from Observer CNE, Observer from National and International, PNTL for secure during the distribution and accompany the sensitive material.

In 28 July FY17, Belun EWER Conflict Prevention and Specialist, Municipal Coordinator from Dili and belun Director participated the meeting with Observer from European Union (EU), to share information and recommendation resulted from parliament election. The resulted of the meeting fro key finding about election law, election administration, election financial, and women participation media impartiality. This event participated from CNE, STAE, Belun, National Democratic Institute (NDI), Observatorio da Igreja Paraos Assuntos Socials (OIPAS), NGO Patria.

In 3 August FY17, Belun’s EWER team met the President’s Adviser on Civil Society Issues and security issue in President Office Ai-tarak Laran, Dili. Reason for this meeting was to instruct what Belun-EWER works on to new staffs of president office on civil society and security officer and how to build better cooperation in the future.

In 4 August FY17, Belun EWER Management attends meeting with partnership EU the topic of the meeting about the stability for media publication. The EU presents the tools for communication. This event participated from Belun, UNDP, International Labour Organization (ILO), HIVOS, TAF, AJAR, German Society for International Cooperation (GIZ), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and Word Food Program (WFP). This meeting held in EU office.

In 29 August FY17, Belun through the Early Warning, Early Response (EWER) System launched its report on monitoring electoral violence on parliamentary election 2017. Monitoring was done “before”, “during” and “after” parliamentary election. Belun conducted data identification, collection and analysis, and produced recommendation submitted to government electoral related institutions such as National Commission for Election (CNE) and National Secretariat for Electoral Administration (STAE)

A 4.3.3 Conflict Prevention and Response Network (CPRN) meetings held to discuss electoral violence trends and plan prevention and response activities

Indicator 28 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of meetings held by Quarterly 129 129 CPRNs Trimestral meetings were held in 43 Administrative Posts organized by the CPRN. The CPRNs give local actors a sense of ownership over peace building activities in their area, which can be a strong suppressor of conflict. The CPRNs include representatives from local government, traditional leaders, village council members, PNTL, civil society, veterans, youth and women’s groups, and religious leaders and political party representatives were invited to all meetings and women representative were included

Indicator 29 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result average # of female Quarterly 5 5.1 participants at each meeting

Trimestral meetings were held in 43 Administrative Posts organize by CPRN. These meetings had a total of 1,187 participants including 216 females. This averages out to 5.1 women per meeting.

A 4.3.4 Conflict Prevention and Response Networks implement electoral violence prevention and response peace activities

Indicator 30 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of small grants for CPRN Bi-annually 8 16 peace activities issued Belun EWER Management received 18 proposals from the CPRN and issued 18.

Indicator 31 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) result # of peace activities Bi-annually 8 7 implemented with involvement of national government election stakeholders 16 activities were implemented by CPRN from 16 Administrative posts. 6-action plan socialization about electoral law was provided to the community in each suku villages in administrative posts Laga, Baucau, Lospalos, Atabae, Bazartete and Aileu, totalling 52 suku villages. 10 action plan socializations were also held one time in administrative posts Hatolia, Viqueque, Tilomar, Zumalai, Dom Alexio, Cristu Rei, Oesilo, Vera Cruz, Liquisa, and Nain Feto. These activities were implemented after the CPRN identified issues related to violent incidents since 2012 during the presidential election and Parliamentary election, identified at a trimestral meeting. The CPRN worked closely with the community from the village level to implement peace activities and invited CNE, STAE, Belun and Commander PNTL from national and municipal levels to share information related to each topic. The national government was also invited, but only participated at the municipal level. Only two activities peace national level are participated to the event in Hatulia, Vice President from CNE are speaker and in Nain Feto President of CNE as speaker fro this event.

Indicator 32 Due for reporting Target Full program (Y4) average % of female participants in Bi-annually 40% 24% CPRN peace activities In the first half of FY17, of 743 participants, 199 females and 544 males participated. The female are participated in CPRN peace activities total 199. The total from all participants 743, male 544. In the second half, 87 women participated in CPRN peace activities out of 411 participants, across 17 administrative posts. Low numbers are due to barriers to women’s participation at the village and municipal levels, an area of focus for UN Women’s Women, Peace and Security program.

4. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED AND LESSONS LEARNED

• Situation Reviews: A new format for the EWER situation reviews was developed to streamline data analysis across Belun’s different reporting formats and reduce delays in publication. Orientation for new research staff and strengthened systems for team review of reports prior to publication were developed in order to maintain reporting quality standards. • Belun observed that Timorese readers of EWER reports prefer hard copies of reports, the electronic database appears to be more popular with English speaking recipients, as Belun receives higher readership rates when English versions of reports are published through the Mailchimp. Hard copies will continue to be distributed to key stakeholders at national level as well as to the CPRNs.

• The EWER team continued to discuss strategies for increasing the numbers of female EWER monitors by overcoming the challenges faced by female monitors with family perceptions of their work. • Belun’s efforts to engage the government and veterans groups in dialogue were interrupted by the passing of the parliamentary resolution, which engaged security actors and legal processes to respond to the situation rather than alternative dispute resolution methods. Belun’s strategy had been to approach the different actors involved in the situation and gain a deeper understanding of the terms and demands at play in order to seek common ground between the parties in an attempt to prevent direct confrontation or any escalation of the conflict. • In this case political developments proceeded more quickly than Belun could keep pace with due to its limited capacities in terms of time and personnel resources available to approach this issue from the multiple angles necessary to achieve more traction. • Belun found that its Alerts had higher readership rates than the Situation Reviews, which was a good result for the alerts, and to be expected. Belun worked on using thematic subject line headings for the release of situation reviews to attract more readers. Furthermore Situation Reviews were still well received by Belun’s municipal stakeholders and CPRN members as the data assisted discussion and analysis in CPRN meetings. • The Belun Crowdmap was closed on October 2016, with a new website launched in February 2017. While this was intended to be updated by the Media and Communication Specialist, resourcing problems resulted in a large backlog of incidents to verify. In addition, website data issues also often required consultation with an external supplier who was not always available. Belun requested a manual, which assisted future problem-solving related to web data. • Since the project ended, the situation review and incidents data were not published, as project staff had to be terminated.

5. COST OVERRUNS

Belun did not experience any cost overruns for project implementation.

6. SUCCESS STORIES

ANNUAL SURVEY SUCCESS STORIES

Belun conducted the first survey to measure the impact of the EWER program and solicit feedback on potential future changes. 105 persons responded to the survey and several very positive results were obtained as a result.

- The survey asked stakeholders whether their opinions or activities had been influenced by Belun’s monitoring and analysis. This question gauged whether, as a result of Belun’s work, stakeholders’ understanding of the security situation in Timor-Leste changed, and, consequently, whether their plans or activities were also affected. 83 out of 105 persons (79.1%) reported that Belun’s monitoring and analysis had influenced their opinions and activities. - Community-level stakeholders overwhelmingly agreed (38 out of 44 or 86.4%) that Belun-supported peace activities were positively affecting the security situation in their administrative posts. - Community-level stakeholders, including administrative post-level PNTL commanders, overwhelmingly agreed (41 out of 44 or 93.2%) that Belun-supported peace activities were increasing the linkages and opportunities for collaboration between community members and the PNTL. - Online results showed that EWER data is being used to understand the security situation in Timor- Leste, but also to inform research and reporting (15 persons), create strategy and design programs (7 persons) and even to make policy decisions (3 persons). - A snapshot of some comments left in the final section of the survey: o “I find the Belun reports and updates very useful, well written and a valuable resource to add to the country context to better understand tensions and causes of violence. Thank you for your continued hard work, you provide a very good and vital service”

o “I think Belun provides a very valuable service especially the trends and analysis. It's really useful in planning for NGOs such as Psychosocial Recovery and Development in East Timor (PRADET). Please don't stop!!” o “Keep up the great work! It's a good system and I'm grateful that I can access information such as is found in your system so quickly and easily”

Belun conducted the second survey to measure the impact of the EWER program and solicit feedback on potential future changes. 130 persons responded to the survey and several very positive results were obtained as a result.

- The survey asked stakeholders whether their opinions or activities had been influenced by Belun’s monitoring and analysis. This question gauged whether, as a result of Belun’s work, stakeholders’ understanding of the security situation in Timor-Leste changed, and, consequently, whether their plans or activities were also affected. 100 out of 130 persons (76.9%) reported that Belun’s monitoring and analysis had influenced their opinions and activities. - Community-level stakeholders overwhelmingly agreed (46 out of 56 or 82%) that Belun-supported peace activities were positively affecting the security situation in their administrative posts. - Community-level stakeholders, including administrative post-level PNTL commanders, overwhelmingly agreed (51 out of 58 or 87.9%) that Belun-supported peace activities were increasing the linkages and opportunities for collaboration between community members and the PNTL. - Online results showed that EWER data is being used to understand the security situation in Timor-Leste, but also to inform research and reporting (17 persons), create strategy and design programs (9 persons) and even to make policy decisions (5 persons). - A snapshot of some comments left in the final section of the survey: o Keep up the good work! Your conflict monitoring data has great value and analysis and advocacy has great potential. Kontiua serbisu di'ak. Dadus Belun nian util makaas no iha valor bo'ot tebes. Relatoriu sira no advokasia Belun nian mos iha potensial bo'ot. Parabens ba kolega Belun sira.! (Continue the good work. Belun data very useful and valuable. Belun report and advocacy have big potential. Congratulations for Belun!). o Please keep on doing the wonderful job you have being doing! o Thank you for all the hard work your organization does. o Thank-you for providing this valuable service. o This impartial and technically proficient service is invaluable to me as a non-resident, allowing me to question, adapt and suggest better strategic field Security and Safety management decisions. o Very valuable source of information and analysis in Timor-Leste - thank you!

Belun conducted the third survey to measure the impact of the EWER program and solicit feedback on potential future changes. 160 persons responded to the survey and several very positive results were obtained as a result.

- Belun conducted staff surveys to discover whether staff members felt that their level of responsibility or management or technical skills improved during Y3 of the CSM-SSD project. A total of 40 out of 57 staff did that survey. 38 out of 40 staff improved (97%).

- Community-level stakeholders overwhelmingly agreed (43 out of 57 or 75%) that Belun-supported peace activities were positively affecting the security situation in their administrative post.

- Community-level stakeholders, including administrative post-level PNTL commanders, overwhelmingly agreed (51 out of 57 or 89.5%) that Belun-supported peace activities were

increasing the linkages and opportunities for collaboration between community members and the PNTL.

RESEARCH AND ADVOCACY SUCCESS STORIES

The most directly visible success story was related to the Alert that Belun published at the end of July 2016 about a series of sexual assaults in Dili, especially in the Cristo Rei area. Among other recommendations, the Alert recommended that the PNTL “establish police posts and provide more frequent police patrols in those public areas identified as being prone to incidents of sexual violence, in order to strengthen police accessibility and visibility and better prevent and respond to incidents sexual violence.” The Alert was disseminated to the Secretariat of State for Security and the PNTL by the EWER Program Manager. Belun was informed by a contact at the Timor-Leste Community Policing Program in early August that the PNTL launched an operation in Cristo Rei to combat exactly this type of incident.

Belun’s roundtable meeting to solicit feedback from key stakeholders about its upcoming report on the deficiencies in the process for the distribution of elderly pensions was a success. Its positive outcomes included the following:

- All stakeholders were shown very clear data about the high number of incidents that Belun had recorded related to the deficiencies in the process for the distribution of elderly pensions. - The findings of Belun’s report were affirmed and consensus was built among key decision- makers about the need for the report’s recommendations to be implemented. - Key stakeholders, including MSS and BNCTL, recognized the deficiencies in the process and expressed gratitude to Belun for assisting them to see the gaps in the system, some of which they were not able to see themselves. - MSS and BNCTL explained ongoing internal plans to address some of the issues raised by Belun’s report and important information was shared between key decision-makers about the merits of various avenues for addressing the challenges identified by the report. - New recommendations (about the need for better socialization about the distribution process, the sustainability of the pension system, etc.) were added to the Policy Brief and some recommendations were removed based on comments made by government and civil society during the roundtable. - The apparent lack of coordination between government stakeholders on the issue of elderly pensions was exposed. The meeting was therefore a first step in breaching the coordination gap. Oral commitments were made by government representatives present to better coordinate responses to the challenges faced by the elderly pensions system.

CONFLICT PREVENTION RESPONSE NETWORK (CPRN) SUCCESS STORIES

A CPRN-led Tara Bandu supported by a different Belun project in Vemasse administrative post, Baucau Municipal took place in July 2014 which banned negative environmental practices in the administrative post. The Baucau Municipal Administrator spoke at the event and made the following statement about the impact of the Conflict Prevention and Response Networks in Baucau, which are supported by the CSM- SSD project:

“Many thanks to Belun and its donors for supporting the CPRNs in my Municipal. It is well known that many conflicts arise in Baucau. With the establishment of the CPRNs, however, many activities have been undertaken to reduce the levels of conflict in the Municipal. Local leaders now have the knowledge, relationships and network to work together to resolve the incidents that arise in their respective Sukus and Aldeias.

In 27 February 2017, an activity implemented by CPRN and coordinated with PNTL Administrative Post Laga took place. The Administrator was grateful to Belun for implementing this activity, and expressed support for Belun in suku Atelari. From the socialization implementation in February until now, no single electoral incidents have been registered in Laga.

RESEARCH AND ADVOCACY SUCCESS STORIES

Belun’s Media and Communication Officer found people accessing Facebook and Crowdmap were increasing because all the information, including reports about incident violence and activities, was updated more often and in real-time.

Belun’s new EWER online Data Portal was launched on 28 February 2017 and has had steady traffic since launching. As a result of the new tablet computer data collection system and online website the average number of days between the incidents occurring and being sent to headquarters decreased from 12.92 days in September 2016 (before the system was implemented) and 2.77 days in March (after the system had been implemented for a few months). This was 78.6% faster than before.

Conflict Prevention and Policy Specialist and the Belun Director participated in group discussions on Martial art groups issues with the Prime Minister’s Office.. Using and referencing Belun’s data and reporting about MAG-related violence, the Government produced a draft law related to MAGs violence in Timor Leste. This meeting was to collect ideas for the completion of law before council of Minister approved. The law was approved with 12 articles and submitted to National parliament: to prevent fabrication, importation, transport, selling, or carrying slingshot arrows and other martial arts related activities.

Fundasaun Mahein success story

With regards to policy, FM has communicated its policy recommendations to Parliamentary Committee B, which supervises security, defense, and foreign affairs. It has also advised the Minister of Defense/Security, as well as the Minister of Finance, for whom FM analyzes security budgets. FM’s Executive Director was also appointed to the Supreme Council of Defense and Security, a body headed by the President that meets every three months. This was first time, civil society involved on discussion related security issues in both institutions. Government begins consider civil society perspectives related to security issues in Timor Leste. Most of FM’s work was discussed during these meetings, meaning that FM powerfully impacted this crucial policymaking organization.

Fundasaun Mahein always underline that to improve security sector in both institutions (military and police) Timor Leste should have clear National Security Policy. So far, Timor Leste has no clear policy even there has been produce law on National Security for both institutions. Prime Minister (DR. Rui Maria de Araujo call for consultation with civil society on this issue. This was happened in October 12, 2915 in the office of Minister of Defence Fatuhada, Dili and facilitated by Prime Minister Office. From military (F- FDTL) was represented by Mr. Filomeno Paisao and some of Minister of Defence’s advisers. This workshop topic was Konseitu Estratéjiku Defeza no Seguransa Nasionál or CEDSN (strategic concept of national defence and security). This workshop was produced report with strong recommendations submitted to Prime Minister. Prime Minister brings this topic on regular council minister debate and included on priority topic of Security Council meeting. Government recognized and put in their priority to develop.

With regards to implementation, FM’s report offer policy recommendations that are widely circulated among the police and military. These reports are written in the Tetun language, making them easily accessible to Timorese people. FM also regularly engages with commanders from the police and military. Furthermore, FM facilitates the translation of key security sector legislation from Portuguese to Tetun, enabling ordinary people to read and comment upon these laws. In order to empower communities both in and outside of Dili, FM conducts Community Management Meetings across Timor-Leste. These

debates open more space for public participation in discussing the security sector. One example from 2014 particularly illustrates FM’s importance. A Timorese migrant worker in the UK read an FM report about border security online. This migrant worker shared the report with his brother in Dili, who then brought it to his father in the Batugade area on the border with Indonesia. When then Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao visited this region, the father was able to ask this revered politician tough questions about border security. This anecdote illustrates the way in which FM’s publications help ordinary people hold their leaders accountable. The USAID project was also used for events in which university students participated in discussions about the security sector at the FM office. FM also organized interactive debates on TV and radio between security actors and the community. By broadcasting these discussions on radio, FM ensured that these discussions reached a large audience. Covering these legal, policy, and performance-related issues allows students and other young people to engage critically with the security sector. More broadly, FM reports have been a source for academic researchers, international NGOs, and students in and out of Timor. Every week FM’s website was accessed by 10-15 thousand visitors. Due to USAID’s grant, FM has helped Timor-Leste’s citizens engage with the security sector in an informed, critical, and insightful way.

Fundasaun Mahein Success Story

Fundasaun Mahein's reports have had a large impact on policy makers this quarter. Two weeks in Q4 FY1 after the release of Fundasaun Mahein Nia Lian 80 “Friendship Operation: Re-integration or Threat,” the Minister of Defense presented a speech about police accountability and also allocated resources to provide mental and physical health care to citizens traumatized during the Friendship Operation.

In response to Fundasaun Mahein’s Thoughts 06,“Execution of the 2014 State General Budget for the Defense and Security Sectors,” National Parliament Committee B requested the audience and insight of Fundasaun Mahein in moving forward with budget execution.

The Secretary of State for Security has continued investigations as a result of FM's blogs concerning petty corruption and brutality in the police force. These investigations, as well as FM’s reporting, have inspired civilians to come forward and reveal police misconduct that they have witnessed.

FM continued to develop and utilize the new media monitoring and archive system. The system simplifies the discovery and categorisation process for media items, ensuring all archived items are relevant and important to Timor’s security sector development. Furthermore, the archive system has been fully digitalised with all new materials now being accessible in soft-copy and online through the new Timor- Leste Data Centre (https://timordata.info/) portal (developed by Belun in cooperation with Timorese civil society partners including FM). The new system is greatly beneficial to those seeking information about the security sector as they can now easily search for and download archived information online, where previously they would have had to visit FM’s Office. The new system is also being used extensively by FM’s Research Team, improving their ability to find and access secondary research materials. FM staff have taken quickly to the use of the online database, and daily operations and archiving continued seamlessly through Quarter 8. As noted in Section 3 of this report, FM achieved a significant increase in both the uptake of, and interaction with, our online and social media platforms this quarter. Facebook followers of FM increased by 11 percent during the Quarter to 3,684 total followers, and the “engagement” of followers (Likes, Comments and Shares) was up 19 percent from the last Quarter, an average of 93 “interactions” (like, comment, or share) a day. This significant growth in Facebook engagement from FM followers online shows that FM's strategy of accumulating followers and attention online is succeeding, and provoking proactive engagement from its online community. Along with its growing Twitter profile and constant stream of hits on the FM website, this clearly fulfills FM's goal of actively engaging with its online communities in Timor-Leste and across the world. This strong result in our online outreach activity is a direct result of a new online strategy that aims to increase the number of security sector updates and news summaries FM posts online. This new strategy

is based on feedback from our audience that has suggested that people generally prefer to receive brief news updates via social media than the traditional long-form type articles found in newspapers. FM believes that our larger audience attracted to the ‘newsflash’ style posts will subsequently also increase the level of readership and engagement with FM’s more in depth materials. FM will continue to monitor the success of the new strategy over the coming months.

COLLABORATION SUCCESS STORIES

• PNTL often used Belun data to compare their data before publishing. Before, the police did not use numbers in their reporting on incidents, but now, possibly because of Belun’s constant reporting of data and numbers, they are focused more on giving clear numerical information about crime and conflict in Timor-Leste This is a success story on Belun’s collaboration. • Along with other security-focused NGOs, Belun continued its regular meetings with the Office of the Prime Minister to discuss the joint PNTL-F-FDTL operation. At these meetings, Belun presented data about incidents to the Advisor of Prime Minister, who used the information to brief the Prime Minister and report to Council of Ministers. Belun learned that its monitoring data on youth and martial arts violence featured heavily in a 2014 policy document from the Secretariat of State for Youth and Sport, and was used to identify key problems and preoccupations of the youth in Timor-Leste. • Belun’s alert about Slingshot Arrow Attacks recorded in Dili in 2016, received positive responses from the Minister of Public Works, Transport and Communication, Mr. Januario da Costa Pereira, who said he would advocate for more lights in the area around the road in Dili, that are still dark. On the same alert, The general commander of the PNTL also captured 9 perpetrators related to the Slingshot Arrow attack in Dili. Furthermore, the movement of group at nighttime reduced, as of the PNTL set up CCTV cameras in high-risk areas to deter, and assist in the investigation of Rama Ambon attacks. The PNTL implemented this after Belun’s recommendation from the alert. • Belun’s EWER Management team met with Advisor to the Prime Minister’s Office, Mr. Anacleto Ribeiro after a request to Belun EWER Management team to meet with him as the Primer Minister wanted to know about Belun’s election work, role in monitoring for electoral violence and plan to publish reports. • In Administrative Post Laga, the PNTL Genral Commander demonstrated support for socialization on electoral violence and conflict prevention in Suku Atelari, by contributing one buffalo to prepare for food during the socialization. This showed community buy-in for the event.

• Belun used SMS to share with stakeholders in administrative post Liquisa to pay attention about the last campaign for presidential candidate Lu-Olo held in Tasi tolu and candidate Calohan held in Likisá. Belun sent an SMS to stakeholders in Liquisa and Dili about its concern that the supporters would meet violently in the road, and stakeholders from Liquisa, especially from PNTL, STAE, CNE, local leaders, were surprised by the SMS and organized an emergency meeting to inform and security to prevent conflict between both candidate and support after the end of campaign.

MONITOR SUCCESS STORY

Deomentinho Correia de Almeida lives in Oesono Hamlet, Costa Village, Administrative Post of Pante Makassar, Municipal of Oecusse, Timor Leste. He has been a volunteer monitor since May 2015 and covered villages of Nipane, Lifau, Cunha and Costa of Administrative Post Pante Makassar.

Deomentinho is commonly known by the community as a conflict mediator so when a community member has a problem, they know Deomentinho will help them with traditional way of resolution. He has good relationships with local leaders and Community Police, confirmed by Oenine Hamlet Chief. On October 20, one of the EWER management team members found Deomentinho had been working together with police and local leaders on preparing a solution to youth and family disputes. Along with community police, Deomentiho’s role in the community was not only to collect incidents issue, but also to help resolve community issues.

MUNICIPAL COORDINATOR AND MONITORS SUCCESS STORIES

The Municipal Coordinator for Liquisa started working in Belun on 27 April 2016, having previously worked in the community as a volunteer. He gained good relationships with stakeholders in his Municipality, and during the campaign and presidential election, worked close with PNTL, CEN, STAE, Local leaders and Political Party to establish a working group and involved 6 monitors for monitoring during the campaign and Election Day.

7. CONCLUSION AND WAY FORWARD

Belun is very grateful for support from USAID and the opportunity to work with USAID since 2014. Situation reviews after the CSM-SSD/MEV end, Belun EWER team terminated, but Belun continues to work on monitoring violence incidents, incidents related to human trafficking (supported by International Organization for Migration (IOM)) and incidents related to gender issues (support by UN WOMEN). • Continue to work with IOM and UNDP-EU to fund small aspects of the program, such as monitoring in fewer geographic areas, monitoring for human trafficking, and advocacy to discuss findings with government • Continue to share and discuss our concept note on EWER which we produced earlier this year and have already sent to several local and international partners • Continue to discuss opportunities for future funding with local and international partners • Work with volunteers to help us fundraise and engage donors to support the EWER system • Incorporate EWER activities into other grant proposals and new program planning so the system can be tailored to various needs (e.g. Gender-based violence analysis)