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Cave Radon Exposure, Dose, Dynamics and Mitigation
Chris L. Waring, Stuart I. Hankin, Stephen B. Solomon, Stephen Long, Andrew Yule, Robert Blackley, Sylvester Werczynski, and Andrew C. Baker. Cave radon exposure, dose, dynamics and mitigation. Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, v. 83, no. 1, p. 1-19. DOI:10.4311/2019ES0124 CAVE RADON EXPOSURE, DOSE, DYNAMICS AND MITIGATION Chris L. Waring1, C, Stuart I. Hankin1, Stephen B. Solomon2, Stephen Long2, Andrew Yule2, Robert Blackley1, Sylvester Werczynski1, and Andrew C. Baker3 Abstract Many caves around the world have very high concentrations of naturally occurring 222Rn that may vary dramatically with seasonal and diurnal patterns. For most caves with a variable seasonal or diurnal pattern, 222Rn concentration is driven by bi-directional convective ventilation, which responds to external temperature contrast with cave temperature. Cavers and cave workers exposed to high 222Rn have an increased risk of contracting lung cancer. The International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has re-evaluated its estimates of lung cancer risk from inhalation of radon progeny (ICRP 115) and for cave workers the risk may now (ICRP 137) be 4–6 times higher than previously recognized. Cave Guides working underground in caves with annual average 222Rn activity 1,000 Bq m3 and default ICRP assumptions (2,000 workplace hours per year, equilibrium factor F 0.4, dose conversion factor DCF 14 µSv 3 1 1 d13 (kBq h m ) could now receive a dose of 20 mSv y . Using multiple gas tracers ( C CO2, Rn and N2O), linked weather, source gas flux chambers, and convective air flow measurements a previous study unequivocally identified the external soil above Chifley Cave as the source of cave222 Rn. -
CV Karkanas 2018.Pdf
PANAGIOTIS (TAKIS) KARKANAS CURRICULUM VITAE May 2018 Malcolm H. Wiener Laboratory for Archaeological Science American School of Classical Studies 54 Soudias, 10676 Athens, Greece Tel.: (30) 2130002400x224 Fax: (30) 2107294047 E-mail: [email protected] Personal Web Pages: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Panagiotis_Karkanas https://ascsa.academia.edu/PanagiotisKarkanas EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND 1994: Ph.D. in Geology (Specialty: mineralogy, petrology, geochemistry), Department of Geology, University of Athens. 1990: Postgraduate Seminar (300 hours) in Geology of sedimentary basin and energy resources. EU funded Research Seminar for Geologists, Department of Geology, University of Athens. 1986: B.Sc. in Geology, Department of Geology, University of Athens. AREAS OF INTEREST Geoarchaeology: site formation processes (stratigraphy, micromorphology, post-depositional chemical alterations) palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, paleoclimate, methods and techniques (dating, petrography, mineralogy, sedimentary analysis, provenance analysis). PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS 2014-: Director, Malcolm H. Wiener Laboratory of Archaeological Science, American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Greece. 1994-2014: Senior Geologist, Ephoreia of Palaeoanthropology-Speleology (EPS), Ministry of Culture, Greece. 2004-2013: Adjunct Lecturer, Department of Geography, Harokopio University of Athens. OTHER PROFESSIONAL AND LABORATORY EXPERIENCE 1995-2003 (approx. one month per year): Visiting research scientist, Kimmel Center for Archaeological Sciences, -
The Carnivore Remains from the Sima De Los Huesos Middle Pleistocene Site
N. Garcia & The carnivore remains from the Sima de J. L. Arsuaga los Huesos Middle Pleistocene site Departamento de Paleontologia, (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain) Facultad de Ciencias Geologicas, U.A. de Paleoantropologia & Instituto de View metadata, citation and similar papersRemain ats ocore.ac.ukf carnivores from the Sima de los Huesos sitebrought representin to you gby a t COREleast Geologia Economica, Universidad 158 adult individuals of a primitive (i.e., not very speleoid) form of Ursus Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad provided by Servicio de Coordinación de Bibliotecas de la... deningeri Von Reichenau 1906, have been recovered through the 1995 field Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain season. These new finds extend our knowledge of this group in the Sierra de Atapuerca Middle Pleistocene. Material previously classified as Cuoninae T. Torres indet. is now assigned to Canis lupus and a third metatarsal assigned in 1987 to Departamento de Ingenieria Geoldgica, Panthera cf. gombaszoegensis, is in our opinion only attributable to Panthera sp. The Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros family Mustelidae is added to the faunal list and includes Maites sp. and a de Minas, Universidad Politecnica smaller species. The presence of Panthera leo cf. fossilis, Lynxpardina spelaea and de Madrid, Rios Rosas 21, Fells silvestris, is confirmed. The presence of a not very speloid Ursus deningeri, 28003 Madrid, Spain together with the rest of the carnivore assemblage, points to a not very late Middle Pleistocene age, i.e., oxygen isotope stage 7 or older. Relative frequencies of skeletal elements for the bear and fox samples are without major biases. The age structure of the bear sample, based on dental wear stages, does not follow the typical hibernation mortality profile and resembles a cata strophic profile. -
Isotopic Analysis of the Ecology of Herbivores and Carnivores from the Middle Pleistocene Deposits of the Sierra De Atapuerca, Northern Spain N
Isotopic analysis of the ecology of herbivores and carnivores from the Middle Pleistocene deposits of the Sierra De Atapuerca, northern Spain N. Garcia Gar~ia~,~,",R.S. FeranecC.*, J.L. ~rsua~a~,~,J.M. BermGdez de Castrod, E. Carbonelle 'Deportomento de Poleontologio, Focultod de Ciencior Geoldgicor, Univerridod Complutense de Modrid, Ciudod Univerritorio, 28040 Modrid, Spoin Centlo Mkt0 (UCM-ISUII) de Evolucidn y Comportomiento Humonor, CfSinerio Delgodo 4, Pob. 14, 29029 Modrid, Spoin 'New York Stote Museum. 3140 Culturol Education Center. Albonv. NY 12230. USA *centre Nocionol de Invertigoci6n robre 10 Evoluci6n Humono -?M, Avda de ia Pog 28, 09004 Burger, Spoin eInstitut Cotold de Poleoecologio Humono i Evoluci6 Sociol (IPHES), C/ Erconodor, r/n 43003 Torrogono, Spoin ABSTRACT Carbon and oxygen isotope values reveal resource partitioning among the large mammal fauna from three contemporaneous Middle Pleistocene hominid-bearing localities within the Sierra de Atapuerca (northern Spain). Carbon isotope values sampled from the tooth enamel of fauna present during Ata- ouerca Faunal Unit 6 show that a C?-dominated ecosvstem surrounded the area where fossils were preserved during this time. For the herbivores, Fallow deer isotope values are significantly different from Red deer and horses and show that this species did not forage in open environments at this locality. Red Keywords: deer and horses show similar feedine strateeies with less neeative carbon values imolvine use of more C-l3 Diet Ecology Enamel that this species is herbivorous. Special metabolic mechanisms involved in hibernation in U deningeri Mammal might also have influenced its isotope values. The carbon isotope values of remaining carnivores were 0-18 similar and suggest that each was typically a generalist carnivore, eating a wide variety of prey items. -
Pleistocene Cave Hyenas in the Iberian Peninsula: New Insights from Los Aprendices Cave (Moncayo, Zaragoza)
Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Pleistocene cave hyenas in the Iberian Peninsula: New insights from Los Aprendices cave (Moncayo, Zaragoza) Víctor Sauqué, Raquel Rabal-Garcés, Joan Madurell-Malaperia, Mario Gisbert, Samuel Zamora, Trinidad de Torres, José Eugenio Ortiz, and Gloria Cuenca-Bescós ABSTRACT A new Pleistocene paleontological site, Los Aprendices, located in the northwest- ern part of the Iberian Peninsula in the area of the Moncayo (Zaragoza) is presented. The layer with fossil remains has been dated by amino acid racemization to 143.8 ± 38.9 ka (earliest Late Pleistocene or latest Middle Pleistocene). Five mammal species have been identified in the assemblage: Crocuta spelaea (Goldfuss, 1823) Capra pyre- naica (Schinz, 1838), Lagomorpha indet, Arvicolidae indet and Galemys pyrenaicus (Geoffroy, 1811). The remains of C. spelaea represent a mostly complete skeleton in anatomical semi-connection. The hyena specimen represents the most complete skel- eton ever recovered in Iberia and one of the most complete remains in Europe. It has been compared anatomically and biometrically with both European cave hyenas and extant spotted hyenas. In addition, a taphonomic study has been carried out in order to understand the origin and preservation of these exceptional remains. The results sug- gest rapid burial with few scavenging modifications putatively produced by a medium sized carnivore. A review of the Pleistocene Iberian record of Crocuta spp. has been carried out, enabling us to establish one of the earliest records of C. spelaea in the recently discovered Los Aprendices cave, and also showing that the most extensive geographical distribution of this species occurred during the Late Pleistocene (MIS4- 2). -
A Multi-Method Approach for Speleogenetic Research on Alpine Karst Caves
GEOMOR-05115; No of Pages 20 Geomorphology xxx (2015) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Geomorphology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/geomorph A multi-method approach for speleogenetic research on alpine karst caves. Torca La Texa shaft, Picos de Europa (Spain) Daniel Ballesteros a,⁎, Montserrat Jiménez-Sánchez a, Santiago Giralt b, Joaquín García-Sansegundo a, Mónica Meléndez-Asensio c a Department of Geology, University of Oviedo, c/Jesús Arias de Velasco s/n, 33005, Spain b Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera (ICTJA, CSIC), c/Lluís Solé i Sabarís s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain c Geological Survey of Spain (IGME), c/Matemático Pedrayes 25, 33005 Oviedo, Spain article info abstract Article history: Speleogenetic research on alpine caves has advanced significantly during the last decades. These investigations Received 30 January 2014 require techniques from different geoscience disciplines that must be adapted to the methodological constraints Received in revised form 23 February 2015 of working in deep caves. The Picos de Europa mountains are one of the most important alpine karsts, including Accepted 24 February 2015 14% of the World's Deepest Caves (caves with more than 1 km depth). A speleogenetic research is currently being Available online xxxx developed in selected caves in these mountains; one of them, named Torca La Texa shaft, is the main goal of this article. For this purpose, we have proposed both an optimized multi-method approach for speleogenetic research Keywords: Cave level in alpine caves, and a speleogenetic model of the Torca La Texa shaft. The methodology includes: cave surveying, 234 230 Karst massif dye-tracing, cave geometry analyses, cave geomorphological mapping, Uranium series dating ( U/ Th) and Shaft geomorphological, structural and stratigraphical studies of the cave surroundings. -
Comment on Two Pachycrocuta Brevirostris
PALEO Revue d'archéologie préhistorique 26 | 2015 Varia Comment on two Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Aymard, 1846) mandibles from the Early Pleistocene in south-eastern France: Grosse Marguerite Cave (Aiguèze) and Trois Pigeons Swallow hole (Nîmes) Note sur deux mandibules de Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Aymard, 1846) du Pléistocène ancien du sud-est de la France : la grotte de la Grosse Marguerite (Aiguèze) et l’aven des Trois Pigeons (Nîmes) Jean-Baptiste Fourvel and Nicolas Lateur Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/paleo/3031 DOI: 10.4000/paleo.3031 ISSN: 2101-0420 Publisher SAMRA Printed version Date of publication: 1 December 2015 Number of pages: 187-200 ISSN: 1145-3370 Electronic reference Jean-Baptiste Fourvel and Nicolas Lateur, « Comment on two Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Aymard, 1846) mandibles from the Early Pleistocene in south-eastern France: Grosse Marguerite Cave (Aiguèze) and Trois Pigeons Swallow hole (Nîmes) », PALEO [Online], 26 | 2015, Online since 26 April 2016, connection on 07 July 2020. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/paleo/3031 ; DOI : https:// doi.org/10.4000/paleo.3031 This text was automatically generated on 7 July 2020. PALEO est mis à disposition selon les termes de la licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. Comment on two Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Aymard, 1846) mandibles from the Ea... 1 Comment on two Pachycrocuta brevirostris (Aymard, 1846) mandibles from the Early Pleistocene in south-eastern France: Grosse Marguerite -
New Data on Large Mammals of the Pleistocene Trlica Fauna, Montenegro, the Central Balkans I
ISSN 00310301, Paleontological Journal, 2015, Vol. 49, No. 6, pp. 651–667. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2015. Original Russian Text © I.A. Vislobokova, A.K. Agadjanian, 2015, published in Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal, 2015, No. 6, pp. 86–102. New Data on Large Mammals of the Pleistocene Trlica Fauna, Montenegro, the Central Balkans I. A. Vislobokova and A. K. Agadjanian Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Profsoyuznaya ul. 123, Moscow, 117997 Russia email: [email protected], [email protected] Received September 18, 2014 Abstract—A brief review of 38 members of four orders, Carnivora, Proboscidea, Perissodactyla, and Artio dactyla, from the Pleistocene Trlica locality (Montenegro), based on the material of excavation in 2010–2014 is provided. Two faunal levels (TRL11–10 and TRL6–5) which are referred to two different stages of faunal evolution in the Central Balkans are recognized. These are (1) late Early Pleistocene (Late Villafranchian) and (2) very late Early Pleistocene–early Middle Pleistocene (Epivillafranchian–Early Galerian). Keywords: large mammals, Early–Middle Pleistocene, Central Balkans DOI: 10.1134/S0031030115060143 INTRODUCTION of the Middle Pleistocene (Dimitrijevic, 1990; Forsten The study of the mammal fauna from the Trlica and Dimitrijevic, 2002–2003; Dimitrijevic et al., locality (Central Balkans, northern Montenegro), sit 2006); the MNQ20–MNQ22 zones (Codrea and uated 2.5 km from Pljevlja, provides new information Dimitrijevic, 1997); terminal Early Pleistocene improving the knowledge of historical development of (CrégutBonnoure and Dimitrijevic, 2006; Argant the terrestrial biota of Europe in the Pleistocene and and Dimitrijevic, 2007), Mimomys savinipusillus biochronology. In addition, this study is of interest Zone (Bogicevic and Nenadic, 2008); or Epivillafran in connection with the fact that Trlica belongs to chian (Kahlke et al., 2011). -
Life and Death at the Pe Ş Tera Cu Oase
Life and Death at the Pe ş tera cu Oase 00_Trinkaus_Prelims.indd i 8/31/2012 10:06:29 PM HUMAN EVOLUTION SERIES Series Editors Russell L. Ciochon, The University of Iowa Bernard A. Wood, George Washington University Editorial Advisory Board Leslie C. Aiello, Wenner-Gren Foundation Susan Ant ó n, New York University Anna K. Behrensmeyer, Smithsonian Institution Alison Brooks, George Washington University Steven Churchill, Duke University Fred Grine, State University of New York, Stony Brook Katerina Harvati, Univertit ä t T ü bingen Jean-Jacques Hublin, Max Planck Institute Thomas Plummer, Queens College, City University of New York Yoel Rak, Tel-Aviv University Kaye Reed, Arizona State University Christopher Ruff, John Hopkins School of Medicine Erik Trinkaus, Washington University in St. Louis Carol Ward, University of Missouri African Biogeography, Climate Change, and Human Evolution Edited by Timothy G. Bromage and Friedemann Schrenk Meat-Eating and Human Evolution Edited by Craig B. Stanford and Henry T. Bunn The Skull of Australopithecus afarensis William H. Kimbel, Yoel Rak, and Donald C. Johanson Early Modern Human Evolution in Central Europe: The People of Doln í V ĕ stonice and Pavlov Edited by Erik Trinkaus and Ji ří Svoboda Evolution of the Hominin Diet: The Known, the Unknown, and the Unknowable Edited by Peter S. Ungar Genes, Language, & Culture History in the Southwest Pacifi c Edited by Jonathan S. Friedlaender The Lithic Assemblages of Qafzeh Cave Erella Hovers Life and Death at the Pe ş tera cu Oase: A Setting for Modern Human Emergence in Europe Edited by Erik Trinkaus, Silviu Constantin, and Jo ã o Zilh ã o 00_Trinkaus_Prelims.indd ii 8/31/2012 10:06:30 PM Life and Death at the Pe ş tera cu Oase A Setting for Modern Human Emergence in Europe Edited by Erik Trinkaus , Silviu Constantin, Jo ã o Zilh ã o 1 00_Trinkaus_Prelims.indd iii 8/31/2012 10:06:30 PM 3 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. -
Phylogenetic Analysis of the Calvaria of Homo Floresiensis
G Model PALEVO-924; No. of Pages 14 ARTICLE IN PRESS C. R. Palevol xxx (2016) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Comptes Rendus Palevol w ww.sciencedirect.com Human palaeontology and prehistory Phylogenetic analysis of the calvaria of Homo floresiensis Analyse phylogénétique de la calvaria de Homo floresiensis a,∗ b c Valéry Zeitoun , Véronique Barriel , Harry Widianto a UMR 7207 CNRS–MNHN–Université Paris-6, Sorbonne universités, Centre de recherche sur la paléobiodiversité et les e paléoenvironnements, Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, T. 46-56, 5 étage, case 104, 4, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France b UMR 7207 CNRS–MNHN–Université Paris-6, Sorbonne universités, Centre de recherche sur la paléobiodiversité et les paléoenvironnements, 8, rue Buffon, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France c Directorate of Cultural properties and Museums, Komplek Kemdikbud, Gedung E Lt. 4, jalan Jenderal Senayan Sudiman, Jakarta 10270, Indonesia a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Because until 2006 the Liang Bua human fossil remains were not available to the entire Received 26 June 2015 paleoanthropological community, the taxonomic position of Homo floresiensis was only a Accepted after revision 15 December 2015 matter of opinion in publications. From the beginning, two schools of thought prevailed, and Available online xxx this situation persists today. One purports that the Liang Bua human series belongs to a local modern human (Homo sapiens sapiens) with anatomical particularities or pathologies that Handled by Michel Laurin may be due to insular isolation/endogamy. The second argues in favour of the existence of a new species that, depending on the authors, is either a descendant of local Homo erectus, Keywords: or belongs to a much more basal taxon, closer to archaic Homo or to australopithecines. -
The Status of Homo Heidelbergensis (Schoetensack 1908)
See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227710322 The status of Homo heidelbergensis (Schoetensack 1908) Article in Evolutionary Anthropology Issues News and Reviews · May 2012 DOI: 10.1002/evan.21311 · Source: PubMed CITATIONS READS 121 866 1 author: Christopher Brian Stringer Natural History Museum, London 331 PUBLICATIONS 12,575 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Prehistoric Human behaviour in 3D View project Gibraltar Caves Project – Palaeoenvironmental record of the Late Neanderthals refuge View project All content following this page was uploaded by Christopher Brian Stringer on 13 October 2014. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. All in-text references underlined in blue are added to the original document and are linked to publications on ResearchGate, letting you access and read them immediately. Evolutionary Anthropology 21:101–107 (2012) ISSUES The Status of Homo heidelbergensis (Schoetensack 1908) Chris Stringer The species Homo heidelbergensis is central to many discussions about two clearly do not articulate well. In recent human evolution. For some workers, it was the last common ancestor for the early 1980s, with a shift to cladis- the subsequent species Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis; others tic thinking and influences, I began regard it as only a European form, giving rise to the Neanderthals. Following the to gravitate toward the idea that impact of recent genomic studies indicating hybridization between modern Neanderthals were, after all, a dis- humans and both Neanderthals and ‘‘Denisovans’’, the status of these as sepa- tinct species from Homo sapiens rate taxa is now under discussion. -
The Internal Cranial Anatomy of the Middle Pleistocene Broken Hill 1 Cranium
The Internal Cranial Anatomy of the Middle Pleistocene Broken Hill 1 Cranium ANTOINE BALZEAU Équipe de Paléontologie Humaine, UMR 7194 du CNRS, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, FRANCE; and, Department of African Zoology, Royal Museum for Central Africa, B-3080 Tervuren, BELGIUM; [email protected] LAURA T. BUCK Earth Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD; Division of Biological Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QG; and, Centre for Evolutionary, Social and InterDisciplinary Anthropology, University of Roehampton, Holybourne Avenue, London SW15 4JD, UNITED KINGDOM; [email protected] LOU ALBESSARD Équipe de Paléontologie Humaine, UMR 7194 du CNRS, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, FRANCE; [email protected] GAËL BECAM Équipe de Paléontologie Humaine, UMR 7194 du CNRS, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, FRANCE; [email protected] DOMINIQUE GRIMAUD-HERVÉ Équipe de Paléontologie Humaine, UMR 7194 du CNRS, Département Homme et Environnement, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, FRANCE; [email protected] TODD C. RAE Centre for Evolutionary, Social and InterDisciplinary Anthropology, University of Roehampton, Holybourne Avenue, London SW15 4JD, UNITED KINGDOM; [email protected] CHRIS B. STRINGER Earth Sciences Department, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UNITED KINGDOM; [email protected] submitted: 20 December 2016; accepted 12 August 2017 ABSTRACT The cranium (Broken Hill 1 or BH1) from the site previously known as Broken Hill, Northern Rhodesia (now Kabwe, Zambia) is one of the best preserved hominin fossils from the mid-Pleistocene.