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Working Group on Zooplankton Ecology Ices Oceanography Committee ICES CM 2001/C:07 Ref.: ACME Report of the Working Group on Zooplankton Ecology and joint meeting with Working Group on Phytoplankton Ecology Bergen, Norway 26–29 March 2001 This report is not to be quoted without prior consultation with the General Secretary. The document is a report of an expert group under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views of the Council. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer Palægade 2–4 DK–1261 Copenhagen K Denmark TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................1 1 OPENING OF THE MEETING.................................................................................................................................2 2 ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA ...............................................................................................................................2 3 REPORT OF THE OCEANOGRAPHY COMMITTEE MEETING AT THE 88TH STATUTORY MEETING......3 4 RESULTS FROM STANDARD SECTIONS AND STATIONS: INPUTS TO THE SUMMARY STATUS REPORT ON THE ZOOPLANKTON MONITORING STRUCTURE IN THE ICES AREA. (TOR A) ................4 5 USES OF BIOLOGICAL INDICES AND DATA PRODUCED IN A ROUTINE BASIS FOR THE FISHERIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT GROUPS (TOR B)..............................................................................5 6 COMPILATION OF RESULTS, PUBLICATIONS, AND OTHER MATERIAL FROM THE JUNE 1993 SEA- GOING WORKSHOP IN STORFJORDEN (TOR C)...............................................................................................6 7 RESULTS OF THE WORKSHOP ON TAXONOMY OF CALANOIDS HELD IN TERRAMARE (GERMANY) 14– 17 MAY 2000 (TOR D) ......................................................................................................................................7 8 ORGANIZATION OF THE ICES/PICES/GLOBEC SYMPOSIUM (TOR E).........................................................9 9 KEY QUESTIONS REQUIRING INTERDISCIPLINARY DIALOGUE FOR A POSSIBLE JOINT MEETING OF OCEANOGRAPHY COMMITTEE WORKING GROUPS IN 2002 (TOR F).................................................10 10 JOINT MEETING WITH THE WORKING GROUP ON PHYTOPLANKTON ECOLOGY (TOR G)................12 11 ANY OTHER BUSINESS .......................................................................................................................................13 12 ACTIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS AND DRAFT RESOLUTIONS...................................................................14 ANNEX 1 – LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ..........................................................................................................................17 ANNEX 2 – AGENDA AND PROGRAMME.................................................................................................................18 ANNEX 3 – EVOLUTION OF THE ICES WORKING GROUP ON ZOOPLANKTON ECOLOGY BY THEIR TERMS OF REFERENCE .......................................................................................................................................21 ANNEX 4 – STRUCTURE OF THE OCEANOGRAPHY COMMITTEE AS IT IS SEEN BY THE WORKING GROUP ON ZOOPLANKTON ECOLOGY ...........................................................................................................22 ANNEX 5 – ZOOPLANKTON MONITORING RESULTS IN THE ICES AREA, SUMMARY STATUS REPORT 1999/2000.................................................................................................................................................................23 ANNEX 6 – LIST OF INDICES OF POTENTIAL VALUE FOR ASSESSMENT GROUPS .......................................37 ANNEX 7 – LIST OF GEARS AND DEPOYMENTS OF SAMPLING DEVICES DURING THE SEA-GOING WORKSHOP............................................................................................................................................................38 ANNEX 8 – CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE ZOOPLANKTON TAXONOMY WORKSHOP............................................................................................................................................................40 ANNEX 9 – POSSIBLE KEY QUESTIONS FOR THE 2002 OCEANOGRAPHY COMMITTEE JOINT MEETING42 ANNEX 10 – MINUTES OF THE ICES WORKING GROUP ON ZOOPLANKTON ECOLOGY AND WORKING GROUP ON PHYTOPLANKTON ECOLOGY JOINT MEETING .......................................................................44 1 OPENING OF THE JOINT MEETING...................................................................................................................46 2 ADOPTION OF THE AGENDA .............................................................................................................................46 3 DISCUSSION...........................................................................................................................................................46 3.I) Limits to modelling phytoplankton-zooplankton interactions.......................................................................46 3.II) How do characteristics of phytoplanktonic diet (size, morphology, physiological condition, toxicity) influence zooplankton ingestion rates, fecundity, viability, somatic growth and reproduction?...................48 3.III) Can a collapse in grazing pressure lead to symptoms of eutrophication? .....................................................49 3.IV) Ways of improving the phytoplankton and zooplankton components in GOOS...........................................49 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 3.V) Consider the scientific and operational merits of inclusion of, respectively, primary production measures and zooplankton studies in JAMP eutrophication monitoring programmes..................................................51 3.VI) Consider the possibility of merging...............................................................................................................51 4 ANY OTHER BUSSINESS .....................................................................................................................................52 @# ii 0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The meeting was held at the Institute of Marine Research (IMR) at Bergen, from 26–29 of March and was attended by 8 members of the Working Group on Zooplankton Ecology representing 5 ICES countries. The discussion of the Terms of Reference was preceded by an introduction on the Oceanography Committee discussions during the 88th Statutory Meeting. This included an outline of the current structure of the OC and the possibility that the Working Group on Zooplankton Ecology might be incorporated into a new functional group. The evolution of the group was outlined by looking at the list of Tors discussed since its foundation nine years ago and at the list of deliverables that were produced in this period. It was also noted that the actions proposed by the group at its 2000 meeting [(i) Publication of a web page on the Zooplankton Methodological Manual and (ii) Edition of the Zooplankton Status Report] were achieved on schedule. The discussion on Tor a “Inputs to the Summary Status Report on the zooplankton monitoring structure in the ICES area” gained the unanimous support of all the members in considering the Summary Status Report as an annual contribution of this group to the OC and resulted in the identification of the ways in which the report for the year 2000– 2001 could be improved without involving major new work. The use of biological indices and data produced on a routine basis for the fisheries and environmental assessment groups (Tor b) is something demanded from different panels (US GLOBEC, SPACC, ICES) and the group decided to be proactive in this discussion. A list of indices of potential value for understanding zooplankton dynamics and ecosystem functioning was produced (the list is open to new items). This Tor was considered to have high relevance for the group and further discussions are needed before clear conclusions can be achieved. A compilation of the results, publications and other material from the June 1993 Seagoing Workshop in Storfjorden (Tor c) was presented. The information is now archived in four CD-ROM: Methods and Results (1 CD), Acoustic data (2 CDs) and Video images on the use of plankton gears at sea (1 CD). The members of the group acknowledged the effort required for the compilation of these results and it was proposed that the four CD-ROM set should be offered to ICES for wider distribution. The results of the Workshop on taxonomy of Calanoids (Germany, 14–17 May, 2000) conducted under the auspices of this Working Group were presented and the conclusions reviewed (Tor d). The group supported the conclusions and decided: (i) to support a new workshop on taxonomy in 2003, SAHFOS offered its premises to hold the workshop and the group accepted its invitation (SAHFOS is widely recognised for its excellence in plankton taxonomy and possesses the facilities necessary for holding such a workshop); and (ii) compile in a “demonstration CD-ROM” a scanned version of all the plankton leaflets published by ICES since 1939 which will be linked by a numerical and taxonomic index (i.e., Plankton leaflet No. 187). A first version of the “Demo CD-ROM” (with a dozen leaflets) will be presented during the 2001 ASC. The ultimate objective is that ICES could offer such products to a larger community of scientists. The current advances in the organization
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