PHYLUM ARTHROPODA: Subphylum Crustacea: Class Maxillipoda
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Marine Invertebrate Field Guide
Marine Invertebrate Field Guide Contents ANEMONES ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 AGGREGATING ANEMONE (ANTHOPLEURA ELEGANTISSIMA) ............................................................................................................................... 2 BROODING ANEMONE (EPIACTIS PROLIFERA) ................................................................................................................................................... 2 CHRISTMAS ANEMONE (URTICINA CRASSICORNIS) ............................................................................................................................................ 3 PLUMOSE ANEMONE (METRIDIUM SENILE) ..................................................................................................................................................... 3 BARNACLES ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ACORN BARNACLE (BALANUS GLANDULA) ....................................................................................................................................................... 4 HAYSTACK BARNACLE (SEMIBALANUS CARIOSUS) .............................................................................................................................................. 4 CHITONS ........................................................................................................................................................................................... -
The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (Marlin)
The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (MarLIN) Description, temporal variation, sensitivity and monitoring of important marine biotopes in Wales. Volume 1. Background to biotope research. Report to Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru / Countryside Council for Wales Contract no. FC 73-023-255G Dr Harvey Tyler-Walters, Charlotte Marshall, & Dr Keith Hiscock With contributions from: Georgina Budd, Jacqueline Hill, Will Rayment and Angus Jackson DRAFT / FINAL REPORT January 2005 Reference: Tyler-Walters, H., Marshall, C., Hiscock, K., Hill, J.M., Budd, G.C., Rayment, W.J. & Jackson, A., 2005. Description, temporal variation, sensitivity and monitoring of important marine biotopes in Wales. Report to Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru / Countryside Council for Wales from the Marine Life Information Network (MarLIN). Marine Biological Association of the UK, Plymouth. [CCW Contract no. FC 73-023-255G] Description, sensitivity and monitoring of important Welsh biotopes Background 2 Description, sensitivity and monitoring of important Welsh biotopes Background The Marine Life Information Network® for Britain and Ireland (MarLIN) Description, temporal variation, sensitivity and monitoring of important marine biotopes in Wales. Contents Executive summary ............................................................................................................................................5 Crynodeb gweithredol ........................................................................................................................................6 -
Balanus Glandula Class: Multicrustacea, Hexanauplia, Thecostraca, Cirripedia
Phylum: Arthropoda, Crustacea Balanus glandula Class: Multicrustacea, Hexanauplia, Thecostraca, Cirripedia Order: Thoracica, Sessilia, Balanomorpha Acorn barnacle Family: Balanoidea, Balanidae, Balaninae Description (the plate overlapping plate edges) and radii Size: Up to 3 cm in diameter, but usually (the plate edge marked off from the parietes less than 1.5 cm (Ricketts and Calvin 1971; by a definite change in direction of growth Kozloff 1993). lines) (Fig. 3b) (Newman 2007). The plates Color: Shell usually white, often irregular themselves include the carina, the carinola- and color varies with state of erosion. Cirri teral plates and the compound rostrum (Fig. are black and white (see Plate 11, Kozloff 3). 1993). Opercular Valves: Valves consist of General Morphology: Members of the Cirri- two pairs of movable plates inside the wall, pedia, or barnacles, can be recognized by which close the aperture: the tergum and the their feathery thoracic limbs (called cirri) that scutum (Figs. 3a, 4, 5). are used for feeding. There are six pairs of Scuta: The scuta have pits on cirri in B. glandula (Fig. 1). Sessile barna- either side of a short adductor ridge (Fig. 5), cles are surrounded by a shell that is com- fine growth ridges, and a prominent articular posed of a flat basis attached to the sub- ridge. stratum, a wall formed by several articulated Terga: The terga are the upper, plates (six in Balanus species, Fig. 3) and smaller plate pair and each tergum has a movable opercular valves including terga short spur at its base (Fig. 4), deep crests for and scuta (Newman 2007) (Figs. -
Kinematic and Dynamic Scaling of Copepod Swimming
fluids Review Kinematic and Dynamic Scaling of Copepod Swimming Leonid Svetlichny 1,* , Poul S. Larsen 2 and Thomas Kiørboe 3 1 I.I. Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Str. B. Khmelnytskogo, 15, 01030 Kyiv, Ukraine 2 DTU Mechanical Engineering, Fluid Mechanics, Technical University of Denmark, Building 403, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; [email protected] 3 Centre for Ocean Life, Danish Technical University, DTU Aqua, Building 202, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 30 March 2020; Accepted: 6 May 2020; Published: 11 May 2020 Abstract: Calanoid copepods have two swimming gaits, namely cruise swimming that is propelled by the beating of the cephalic feeding appendages and short-lasting jumps that are propelled by the power strokes of the four or five pairs of thoracal swimming legs. The latter may be 100 times faster than the former, and the required forces and power production are consequently much larger. Here, we estimated the magnitude and size scaling of swimming speed, leg beat frequency, forces, power requirements, and energetics of these two propulsion modes. We used data from the literature together with new data to estimate forces by two different approaches in 37 species of calanoid copepods: the direct measurement of forces produced by copepods attached to a tensiometer and the indirect estimation of forces from swimming speed or acceleration in combination with experimentally estimated drag coefficients. Depending on the approach, we found that the propulsive forces, both for cruise swimming and escape jumps, scaled with prosome length (L) to a power between 2 and 3. -
Belgian Register of Marine Species
BELGIAN REGISTER OF MARINE SPECIES September 2010 Belgian Register of Marine Species – September 2010 BELGIAN REGISTER OF MARINE SPECIES, COMPILED AND VALIDATED BY THE VLIZ BELGIAN MARINE SPECIES CONSORTIUM VLIZ SPECIAL PUBLICATION 46 SUGGESTED CITATION Leen Vandepitte, Wim Decock & Jan Mees (eds) (2010). Belgian Register of Marine Species, compiled and validated by the VLIZ Belgian Marine Species Consortium. VLIZ Special Publication, 46. Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee (VLIZ): Oostende, Belgium. 78 pp. ISBN 978‐90‐812900‐8‐1. CONTACT INFORMATION Flanders Marine Institute – VLIZ InnovOcean site Wandelaarkaai 7 8400 Oostende Belgium Phone: ++32‐(0)59‐34 21 30 Fax: ++32‐(0)59‐34 21 31 E‐mail: [email protected] or [email protected] ‐ 2 ‐ Belgian Register of Marine Species – September 2010 Content Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... ‐ 5 ‐ Used terminology and definitions ....................................................................................................... ‐ 7 ‐ Belgian Register of Marine Species in numbers .................................................................................. ‐ 9 ‐ Belgian Register of Marine Species ................................................................................................... ‐ 12 ‐ BACTERIA ............................................................................................................................................. ‐ 12 ‐ PROTOZOA ........................................................................................................................................... -
Balanus Trigonus
Nauplius ORIGINAL ARTICLE THE JOURNAL OF THE Settlement of the barnacle Balanus trigonus BRAZILIAN CRUSTACEAN SOCIETY Darwin, 1854, on Panulirus gracilis Streets, 1871, in western Mexico e-ISSN 2358-2936 www.scielo.br/nau 1 orcid.org/0000-0001-9187-6080 www.crustacea.org.br Michel E. Hendrickx Evlin Ramírez-Félix2 orcid.org/0000-0002-5136-5283 1 Unidad académica Mazatlán, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. A.P. 811, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, 82000, Mexico 2 Oficina de INAPESCA Mazatlán, Instituto Nacional de Pesca y Acuacultura. Sábalo- Cerritos s/n., Col. Estero El Yugo, Mazatlán, 82112, Sinaloa, Mexico. ZOOBANK http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:74B93F4F-0E5E-4D69- A7F5-5F423DA3762E ABSTRACT A large number of specimens (2765) of the acorn barnacle Balanus trigonus Darwin, 1854, were observed on the spiny lobster Panulirus gracilis Streets, 1871, in western Mexico, including recently settled cypris (1019 individuals or 37%) and encrusted specimens (1746) of different sizes: <1.99 mm, 88%; 1.99 to 2.82 mm, 8%; >2.82 mm, 4%). Cypris settled predominantly on the carapace (67%), mostly on the gastric area (40%), on the left or right orbital areas (35%), on the head appendages, and on the pereiopods 1–3. Encrusting individuals were mostly small (84%); medium-sized specimens accounted for 11% and large for 5%. On the cephalothorax, most were observed in branchial (661) and orbital areas (240). Only 40–41 individuals were found on gastric and cardiac areas. Some individuals (246), mostly small (95%), were observed on the dorsal portion of somites. -
Ocean Deoxygenation and Copepods: Coping with Oxygen Minimum Zone Variability
Biogeosciences, 17, 2315–2339, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-2315-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Ocean deoxygenation and copepods: coping with oxygen minimum zone variability Karen F. Wishner1, Brad Seibel2, and Dawn Outram1 1Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA 2College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA Correspondence: Karen F. Wishner ([email protected]) Received: 27 September 2019 – Discussion started: 28 October 2019 Revised: 31 March 2020 – Accepted: 2 April 2020 – Published: 24 April 2020 Abstract. Increasing deoxygenation (loss of oxygen) of compression concept). These distribution depths changed by the ocean, including expansion of oxygen minimum zones tens to hundreds of meters depending on the species, oxygen (OMZs), is a potentially important consequence of global profile, and phenomenon. For example, at the lower oxycline, warming. We examined present-day variability of vertical the depth of maximum abundance for Lucicutia hulsemannae distributions of 23 calanoid copepod species in the East- shifted from ∼ 600 to ∼ 800 m, and the depth of diapause for ern Tropical North Pacific (ETNP) living in locations with Eucalanus inermis shifted from ∼ 500 to ∼ 775 m, in an ex- different water column oxygen profiles and OMZ inten- panded OMZ compared to a thinner OMZ, but remained at sity (lowest oxygen concentration and its vertical extent in similar low oxygen levels in -
Tesis Estructura Comunitaria De Copepodos .Pdf
Universidad de Concepción Dirección de Postgrado Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Programa de Magister en Ciencias mención Oceanografía Estructura comunitaria de copépodos pelágicos asociados a montes submarinos de la Dorsal Juan Fernández (32-34°S) en el Pacífico Sur Oriental Tesis para optar al grado de Magíster en Ciencias con mención en Oceanografía PAMELA ANDREA FIERRO GONZÁLEZ CONCEPCIÓN-CHILE 2019 Profesora Guía: Pamela Hidalgo Díaz Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Universidad de Concepción Profesor Co-guía: Rubén Escribano Departamento de Oceanografía, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas Universidad de Concepción La Tesis de “Magister en Ciencias con mención en Oceanografía” titulada “Estructura comunitaria de copépodos pelágicos asociados a montes submarinos de la Dorsal Juan Fernández (32-34°S) en el Pacífico sur oriental”, de la Srta. “PAMELA ANDREA FIERRO GONZÁLEZ” y realizada bajo la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, ha sido aprobada por la siguiente Comisión de Evaluación: Dra. Pamela Hidalgo Díaz Profesora Guía Universidad de Concepción Dr. Rubén Escribano Profesor Co-Guía Universidad de Concepción Dr. Samuel Hormazábal Miembro de la Comisión Evaluadora Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Dr. Fabián Tapia Director Programa de Magister en Oceanografía Universidad de Concepción ii A Juan Carlos y Sebastián iii AGRADECIMIENTOS Agradezco a quienes con su colaboración y apoyo hicieron posible el desarrollo y término de esta tesis. En primer lugar, agradezco a los miembros de mi comisión de tesis. A mi profesora guía, Dra. Pamela Hidalgo, por apoyarme y guiarme en este largo camino de formación académica, por su gran calidad humana, contención y apoyo personal. -
Invertebrate Animals (Metazoa: Invertebrata) of the Atanasovsko Lake, Bulgaria
Historia naturalis bulgarica, 22: 45-71, 2015 Invertebrate Animals (Metazoa: Invertebrata) of the Atanasovsko Lake, Bulgaria Zdravko Hubenov, Lyubomir Kenderov, Ivan Pandourski Abstract: The role of the Atanasovsko Lake for storage and protection of the specific faunistic diversity, characteristic of the hyper-saline lakes of the Bulgarian seaside is presented. The fauna of the lake and surrounding waters is reviewed, the taxonomic diversity and some zoogeographical and ecological features of the invertebrates are analyzed. The lake system includes from freshwater to hyper-saline basins with fast changing environment. A total of 6 types, 10 classes, 35 orders, 82 families and 157 species are known from the Atanasovsko Lake and the surrounding basins. They include 56 species (35.7%) marine and marine-brackish forms and 101 species (64.3%) brackish-freshwater, freshwater and terrestrial forms, connected with water. For the first time, 23 species in this study are established (12 marine, 1 brackish and 10 freshwater). The marine and marine- brackish species have 4 types of ranges – Cosmopolitan, Atlantic-Indian, Atlantic-Pacific and Atlantic. The Atlantic (66.1%) and Cosmopolitan (23.2%) ranges that include 80% of the species, predominate. Most of the fauna (over 60%) has an Atlantic-Mediterranean origin and represents an impoverished Atlantic-Mediterranean fauna. The freshwater-brackish, freshwater and terrestrial forms, connected with water, that have been established from the Atanasovsko Lake, have 2 main types of ranges – species, distributed in the Palaearctic and beyond it and species, distributed only in the Palaearctic. The representatives of the first type (52.4%) predomi- nate. They are related to the typical marine coastal habitats, optimal for the development of certain species. -
Using Growth Rates to Estimate Age of the Sea Turtle Barnacle Chelonibia Testudinaria
Mar Biol (2017) 164:222 DOI 10.1007/s00227-017-3251-5 SHORT NOTE Using growth rates to estimate age of the sea turtle barnacle Chelonibia testudinaria Sophie A. Doell1 · Rod M. Connolly1 · Colin J. Limpus2 · Ryan M. Pearson1 · Jason P. van de Merwe1 Received: 4 May 2017 / Accepted: 20 October 2017 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany 2017 Abstract Epibionts can serve as valuable ecological indi- may live for up to 2 years, means that these barnacles may cators, providing information about the behaviour or health serve as interesting ecological indicators over this period. of the host. The use of epibionts as indicators is, however, In turn, this information may be used to better understand often limited by a lack of knowledge about the basic ecology the movement and habitat use of their sea turtle hosts, ulti- of these ‘hitchhikers’. This study investigated the growth mately improving conservation and management of these rates of a turtle barnacle, Chelonibia testudinaria, under threatened animals. natural conditions, and then used the resulting growth curve to estimate the barnacle’s age. Repeat morphomet- ric measurements (length and basal area) on 78 barnacles Introduction were taken, as host loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) laid successive clutches at Mon Repos, Australia, during the Sea turtles are known to host diverse communities of plants 2015/16 nesting season. Barnacles when frst encountered and invertebrate animals (Caine 1986; Kitsos et al. 2005; ranged in size from 3.7 to 62.9 mm, and were recaptured Robinson et al. 2017). Past analyses of the size, abundance, between 12 and 56 days later. -
Do Storms Trigger Synchronous Larval Release in Semibalanus Balanoides?
Mar Biol (2011) 158:1581–1589 DOI 10.1007/s00227-011-1671-1 ORIGINAL PAPER High-frequency observations of early-stage larval abundance: do storms trigger synchronous larval release in Semibalanus balanoides? Joanna Gyory • Jesu´s Pineda Received: 12 April 2010 / Accepted: 10 March 2011 / Published online: 24 March 2011 Ó Springer-Verlag 2011 Abstract The acorn barnacle, Semibalanus balanoides,is balanoides (L.) is among the coastal marine invertebrates thought to release larvae in response to phytoplankton that reproduce synchronously. It is a highly abundant, boreo- blooms, but there is evidence that another, unidentified cue arctic barnacle species found on rocky intertidal zones along for release may exist. We conducted high-frequency sam- the eastern and western coasts of North America and the pling in Little Harbor, Massachusetts, USA, to determine northwestern coast of Europe. It reproduces once per year in whether early-stage larval abundance was related to several the winter or spring. Within a population, planktonic larvae environmental variables, and to characterize vertical dis- are released in one or more bursts, and the release period tributions of the larvae. Larval concentrations peaked at generally ends in less than 2 weeks (Barnes 1956; Crisp 2.52 and 1.02 individuals l-1 during two storms. Larvae 1959; Lang and Ackenhusen–Johns 1981; Pineda et al. were more abundant near the surface than near the bottom. 2004). The larvae can constitute 15% of zooplankton in We suggest the hypothesis that turbid conditions and coastal waters of the northeastern United States (Frolander upward-swimming behavior may protect newly-released 1955), but their pervasiveness is limited, since the planktonic larvae from predation and cannibalism. -
Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans
Molecular Species Delimitation and Biogeography of Canadian Marine Planktonic Crustaceans by Robert George Young A Thesis presented to The University of Guelph In partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology Guelph, Ontario, Canada © Robert George Young, March, 2016 ABSTRACT MOLECULAR SPECIES DELIMITATION AND BIOGEOGRAPHY OF CANADIAN MARINE PLANKTONIC CRUSTACEANS Robert George Young Advisors: University of Guelph, 2016 Dr. Sarah Adamowicz Dr. Cathryn Abbott Zooplankton are a major component of the marine environment in both diversity and biomass and are a crucial source of nutrients for organisms at higher trophic levels. Unfortunately, marine zooplankton biodiversity is not well known because of difficult morphological identifications and lack of taxonomic experts for many groups. In addition, the large taxonomic diversity present in plankton and low sampling coverage pose challenges in obtaining a better understanding of true zooplankton diversity. Molecular identification tools, like DNA barcoding, have been successfully used to identify marine planktonic specimens to a species. However, the behaviour of methods for specimen identification and species delimitation remain untested for taxonomically diverse and widely-distributed marine zooplanktonic groups. Using Canadian marine planktonic crustacean collections, I generated a multi-gene data set including COI-5P and 18S-V4 molecular markers of morphologically-identified Copepoda and Thecostraca (Multicrustacea: Hexanauplia) species. I used this data set to assess generalities in the genetic divergence patterns and to determine if a barcode gap exists separating interspecific and intraspecific molecular divergences, which can reliably delimit specimens into species. I then used this information to evaluate the North Pacific, Arctic, and North Atlantic biogeography of marine Calanoida (Hexanauplia: Copepoda) plankton.