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Ganodermataceae Hoehnea 38(4): 687-695, 10 fig., 2011 Criptógamos do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Fungos, 10: Ganodermataceae Adriana de Mello Gugliotta1,2, Grazielle Dias Poscolere1 e Thiago Vinicius Silva Campacci1 Recebido: 29.08.2011; aceito: 29.12.2011 ABSTRACT - (Cryptogams of the “Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga”, São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil. Fungi, 10: Ganodermataceae). A survey of Ganodermataceae species from “Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga”, Municipality of São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil was carried out. Twelve species were identified: Amauroderma aurantiacum (Torrend) Gibertoni & Bernicchia, A. calcigenum (Berk.) Torrend, A. oblongisporum J.S. Furtado, A. pseudoboletus (Speg.) J.S. Furtado, A. rude (Berk.) Torrend, A. schomburgkii (Mont. & Berk.) Torrend, A. sprucei (Pat.) Torrend, Ganoderma australe (Fr.) Pat., G. multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat., G. orbiforme (Fr.) Ryvarden, G. perzonatum Murrill, G. zonatum Murrill. Ganoderma perzonatum and G. zonatum are new records for São Paulo State. Comments of the taxa studied and descriptions and figures of microscopical features of new recorded species are provided herewith. An identification key to the species is also provided. Key words: Atlantic Forest, Basidiomycota, biodiversity, taxonomy RESUMO - (Criptógamos do Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Fungos, 10: Ganodermataceae). Foi realizado levantamento das espécies de Ganodermataceae que ocorrem no Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI), Município de São Paulo, Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Foram identificadas doze espécies: Amauroderma aurantiacum (Torrend) Gibertoni & Bernicchia, A. calcigenum (Berk.) Torrend, A. oblongisporum J.S. Furtado, A. pseudoboletus (Speg.) J.S. Furtado, A. rude (Berk.) Torrend, A. schomburgkii (Mont. & Berk.) Torrend, A. sprucei (Pat.) Torrend, Ganoderma australe (Fr.) Pat., G. multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat., G. orbiforme (Fr.) Ryvarden, G. perzonatum Murrill, G. zonatum Murrill. Ganoderma perzonatum e G. zonatum constituem novas citações para o Estado de São Paulo. São apresentados comentários para cada táxon estudado, bem como descrições e figuras de estruturas microscópicas das espécies que constituem novos registros. Chave de identificação das espécies ocorrentes no Parque também é apresentada. Palavras-chave: Basidiomycota, biodiversidade, Mata Atlântica, taxonomia Introdução Haddowia Steyaert e Humphreya Steyaert (Kirk et al. 2008). Ganodermataceae Donk (Polyporales) é bem Com exceção de Haddowia que foi registrada delimitada devido às características dos basidiósporos apenas para o Estado do Pará (Gomes-Silva et al. 2011), que não são encontrados nas demais famílias de os demais gêneros estão bem representados nos fungos poliporóides: globosos a elipsóides, com trópicos, ocorrendo em diversos ecossistemas paredes duplas, sendo a interna ornamentada, brasileiros (Torrend 1920, Furtado 1981, Gibertoni & espessa e geralmente colorida, e a parede externa Cavalcanti 2003, Ryvarden 2004, Loguercio-Leite lisa, fina e hialina (Gilbertson & Ryvarden 1986, et al. 2005, Góes Neto & Baseia 2006, Meijer 2006, Ryvarden 2004). Características como dimensões Reck & Silveira 2008, Silveira et al. 2008, Campacci & e ornamentações dos basidiósporos, bem como a Gugliotta 2009, Gomes-Silva & Gibertoni 2009, estrutura da cobertura pilear, são imprescindíveis Gugliotta et al. 2010a,b, Westphalen et al. 2010, para a identificação das espécies de Ganodermataceae Gomes-Silva et al. 2011). (Furtado 1981, Ryvarden 2004). Os únicos estudos sobre a ocorrência da família no A família apresenta ampla distribuição abrangendo Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI) foram cerca de 117 espécies distribuídas em quatro gêneros: realizados por Bononi et al. 1981, que publicaram Amauroderma Murrill, Ganoderma P. Karst., uma listagem das espécies de fungos macroscópicos 1. Instituto de Botânica, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045-972 São Paulo, SP, Brasil 2. Autor para correspondência: [email protected] 688 Hoehnea 38(4): 687-695, 2011 depositados no Herbário do Instituto de Botânica A identificação foi realizada pela análise dos (SP), e por Jesus (1993), que apresentou, uma caracteres macro e microscópicos do basidioma, e as comparação dos basidiomicetos lignocelulolíticos microestruturas analisadas segundo as recomendações de uma área de floresta nativa e de uma floresta de de Fidalgo (1968) e Teixeira (1962, 1995) em Pinus elliottii, presentes no interior do PEFI, ambos microscópio LEICA DM-1000 com aumento de 800 a sem qualquer descrição ou ilustração das espécies. 1.000 vezes, sendo realizadas em média, 20 medições Furtado (1981) realizou a revisão do gênero de cada tipo de estrutura. As reações amiloide e Amauroderma, tendo citado para o Parque a ocorrência dextrinoide foram testadas com reagente de Melzer de A. aurantiacum (Torrend) Gibertoni & Bernicchia (Gilbertson & Ryvarden 1986, Teixeira 1995). (como A. macrosporum J.S. Furtado), A. calcigenum Para identificação foi utilizada bibliografia perti- (Berk.) Torrend, A. macrosporum J.S. Furtado, nente, como Furtado (1981), Ryvarden (1991, 2004) A. pseudoboletus (Speg.) J.S. Furtado, A. rude (Berk.) e Loguercio-Leite et al. (2005), e comparação com Torrend e A. sprucei (Pat.) Torrend, sendo o material outros espécimes depositados no Herbário Maria citado por ele também relacionado por Bononi et al. Eneyda P.K. Fidalgo (SP). (1981). Além dessas, foram relacionadas para o PEFI A classificação segundo Kirk et al. (2008), pode as seguintes espécies de Ganoderma: G. applanatum ser consultada nas bases de dados CABI (2011) e (Pers.) Pat. (Bononi et al. 1981), G. australe (Fr.) CBS-KNAW (2011). Pat. e G. lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst. (Jesus 1993). São apresentados chave de identificação para as Este trabalho faz parte de um amplo projeto de espécies presentes no PEFI, comentários para cada levantamento de fungos basidiomicetos do Parque táxon estudado, bem como descrições e figuras de Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga e apresenta os estruturas microscópicas das espécies que constituem resultados para a família Ganodermataceae. novos registros para o Estado. Material e métodos Resultados e Discussão O Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga (PEFI) situa-se no município de São Paulo (23o38’00”S- A família está representada no Parque por 23o40’18”S e 46o36’48”-46o38’08”W), ocupando uma doze espécies: Amauroderma aurantiacum área de 549,31 ha com altitude média de 798 m. A (Torrend) Gibertoni & Bernicchia, A. calcigenum vegetação é caracterizada como floresta ombrófila densa (Berk.) Torrend, A. oblongisporum J.S. Furtado, e representa um dos mais significativos remanescentes A. pseudoboletus (Speg.) J.S. Furtado, A. rude (Berk.) de mata inserido em área urbana do município. Torrend, A. schomburgkii (Mont. & Berk.) Torrend, Aspectos climáticos, do meio físico e da vegetação A. sprucei (Pat.) Torrend, Ganoderma australe (Fr.) podem ser encontrados em Bicudo et al. (2002). Pat., G. multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat., G. orbiforme Foram realizadas coletas bimensais no período (Fr.) Ryvarden, G. perzonatum Murrill e G. zonatum de abril de 2000 a março de 2001, e de agosto Murrill. Ganoderma perzonatum e G. zonatum de 2006 a abril de 2007. O material foi coletado constituem novas citações para o Estado de São Paulo. segundo recomendações técnicas de Fidalgo & A ocorrência de Ganoderma lucidum citada por Bononi (1984) e encontra-se depositado no Herbário Jesus (1993) não foi confirmada, pois somente um único do Instituto de Botânica (SP). Também foram espécime identificado por aquele autor foi localizado no Herbário SP (SP 211911), e re-identificado revisadas as exsicatas depositadas no Herbário como G. orbiforme. Os espécimes relacionados por SP provenientes de coletas anteriores, incluindo Bononi et al. (1981) como G. applanatum foram o material citado por Bononi et al. (1981). re-identificados como G. australe. Chave de identificação para as espécies de Ganodermataceae que ocorrem no PEFI 1. Basidioma estipitado, basidiósporos globosos a subglobosos, ocasionalmente elipsoides, não truncados 2. Poros 0,5-1 por mm 3. Basidiósporos globosos, 13,2-14,8 µm diâm. ....................................................... Amauroderma aurantiacum 3. Basidiósporos oblongos a elipsoides, 12,5-15 × (8,75-)11,2-12 µm ...................... Amauroderma calcigenum 2. Poros 3-7 por mm 4. Basidiósporos oblongo-elipsoides, com projeções endospóricas pouco conspícuas.................................. ........................................................................................................................ Amauroderma. oblongisporum Gugliotta et al.: Ganodermataceae no PEFI 689 4. Basidiósporos globosos a subglobosos, com projeções endospóricas conspícuas 5. Poros 3-4 por mm 6. Superfície pilear do tipo córtex, basidiósporos grandes 12,5-13,75(-15) × 11,25-12,5(-13,75) μm ......... .................................................................................................................. Amauroderma pseudoboletus 6. Superfície pilear do tipo derme, basidiósporos menores (8-)8,8-10,4(-11,2) μm diâm. .................... ................................................................................................................................. Amauroderma rude 5. Poros 5-7 por mm 7. Contexto castanho-dourado a castanho-escuro, superfície pilear do tipo córtex .............................. .................................................................................................................. Amauroderma.
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