List of Tallest Dams in the World 1 List of Tallest Dams in the World
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Controls on Modern Erosion and the Development of the Pearl River Drainage in the Late Paleogene
Marine Geology xxx (xxxx) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Marine Geology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/margo Invited research article Controls on modern erosion and the development of the Pearl River drainage in the late Paleogene ⁎ Chang Liua, Peter D. Clifta,b, , Andrew Carterc, Philipp Böningd, Zhaochu Hue, Zhen Sunf, Katharina Pahnked a Department of Geology and Geophysics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA b School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China c Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK d Max Planck Research Group for Marine Isotope Geochemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, 26129, Germany e State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China f Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510301, China ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The Pearl River and its tributaries drains large areas of southern China and has been the primary source of Zircon sediment to the northern continental margin of the South China Sea since its opening. In this study we use a Nd isotope combination of bulk sediment geochemistry, Nd and Sr isotope geochemistry, and single grain zircon U-Pb Erosion dating to understand the source of sediment in the modern drainage. We also performed zircon U-Pb dating on Provenance Eocene sedimentary rocks sampled by International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 349 in order to Pearl River constrain the source of sediment to the rift before the Oligocene. -
The Use of Social Capital in Organizing the Frog Festival Of
doi: 10.14456/jms.2018.4 The Use of Social Capital in Organizing the Frog Festival of Baying Village in the Context of Cultural Tourism Development1 Houdian Yaa and Jaggapan Cadchumsangb* abFaculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected], [email protected] Abstract This article deals with the use of social capital in organizing the Frog Festival in a Zhuang ethnic village in China amidst the expansion of cultural tourism. The data used were drawn from qualitative research in Baying Village, Donglan District, Hechi City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China. Key informant interviews as well as participant and non-participant observations were the main data collection techniques employed in the field research. The study found that there are three forms of social capital-namely, networks, norms, and trust-employed in the organization of the Frog Festival, which has become a part of China’s cultural tourism development. Social capital in the form of networks includes bonding networks among relatives, bridging networks between Baying residents and Zhuang outside the village, and linking networks between Baying villagers and the state as well as agencies from outside. Of the three forms of network, bonding is the most important because it connects not only those who have genealogical relationships, but also Zhuang dwellers from nearby villages to actively take part in organizing the festival. The research also indicates key roles of the other two categories of social capital-norms and trust-used in the organization of the Frog Festival which have allowed for its success in Baying and generated strong social networks. -
Supplementary File
Supplementary file: Dam-break flood calculation results and investigation data of the Ertan Hydropower Station We have conducted a detailed study on dam-break calculation of the Ertan Hydropower Station and compiled a report: Analysis report on dam-break flood of the Ertan Hydropower Station. This report contains eight chapters, 280 pages and all written in Chinese, it is difficult to translate all of them. Due to the flooding scenario is a full dam break in our study, we only translated the main content of full dam-break calculation process. 1. Basic equation The evolution of the flood wave downstream is calculated by Saint Venant equation, and the Saint Venant equation is: (1) Where: Q: Discharge at dam site (m3/s); A: Effective cross section area (m2); A0: Area of beach land (m2); x : Distance along the direction of water flow (m); t: Time (s); q: Lateral inflow or outflow (m3/s); g: Gravity (m/s2) n 2 Q Q f: S Friction ratio drop, S f 4 2.21A2 R 3 kQ / A2 Se:local head loss, S e 2gx h:Water elevation (m); k:Coefficient of contraction. 2. Computational method Presimann's four-point eccentric implicit scheme is used to solve the equations (1) and the values of h and Q can be obtained at any time. Implicit difference equation can be written as: j11 j j j QQQQ 1 j11 j j j i11 i10 i i AAAAAAAA 0i 0 i11 0 i 0 i xi x i 2 t j (2) j1 j1 1 Q 2 Q 2 Q j1 Q j1 Q j Q j 2t i i1 i i1 x A A j i i1 i 2 j 2 j j1 1 j1 j1 j1 j1 1 Q Q (3) g A hi1 hi S f Se x x A A i i i1 i j 1 j j j j g A hi1 hi S f Se 0 xi Where, A Ai Ai1 / 2 2 2 4 3 S f n Q Q 2.21A R Q Q Q 2 i i1 R A B B B B 2 i i1 3. -
192-210, 2011 Issn 1816-9112
192 Research Journal of Fisheries and Hydrobiology, 6(3): 192-210, 2011 ISSN 1816-9112 ORIGINAL ARTICLES The Probability Of Zagros Mountains Environmental Pollution Due To Seismic Response Of Bakhtiari Dam Zaniar Tokmechi Department of Civil Engineering, Mahabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad, Iran. ABSTRACT The Bakhtiari Dam is a planned arch dam on the Bakhtiari River within the Zagros Mountains in Lorestan Province, Iran. At a planned height of 315 meters (1,033 ft), it will be the world's tallest dam once completed and withhold the largest reservoir in Iran. The Zagros Mountains are the largest mountain range in Iran and Iraq. With a total length of 1,500 km (932 mi), from northwestern Iran, and roughly correlating with Iran's western border, the Zagros range spans the whole length of the western and southwestern Iranian plateau and ends at the Straits of Hormuz. In this paper, the probability of environmental pollution due to heavy metals caused by Bakhtiari dam failure is studied. Finite Element and ZENGAR methods are used to analyze the probability of pollution at dam downstream. Different dam cross sections and various loading conditions are considered to study the effects of these factors on the seismic behavior of the dam. Results show that the effect of the highest cross section is not the most significant for heavy metals pollution at the dam down stream. Pollution coefficient due to stress along Y axis (Sy) is always the determinant pollution. While, in all sections Sx and Sy are the determinant parameter affecting downstream heavy metal pollution and normally are bigger than Sz. -
Rampant Corruption Plagues Three Gorges Dam by Doris Shen
World Rivers Review Volume 15, Number 2 / April 2000 Published by International Rivers Network Rampant Corruption Plagues Three Gorges Dam by Doris Shen hina’s government auditors have The Hong Kong newspaper Ta Kung Pao ■ A bankrupt fertilizer factory in Badong uncovered widespread corruption reported the following details from the audi- County, which received $4.1 million from on the Three Gorges Dam, a scan- tor’s report in a January 29 article: the central government for relocating its C dal that includes top officials ■ Huang Faxiang, head of the Fengdu operations for the dam, used $3.1 million working on both the construction and reset- County land office, transferred $3.2 mil- of it to pay its debts for the dam, and tlement aspects of the massive project. In lion intended for land compensation into workers’ salaries. The factory then sus- one case, the corrupt official was handed a other accounts, from which he pocketed pended its relocation due to lack of funds. death sentence. $1.9 million. Another official in the same ■ Eighteen counties and townships illegally According to a March 20 article by office, Chen Lanzhi, embezzled $609,756 leased a total of 246 hectares to organiza- Agence France Press (AFP), a court to speculate on stocks. The office accoun- tions not associated with resettlement. spokesman announced on February 25 that tant, Jiang Haiying, transferred $24,390 the former director of the district land into his personal account. In other accounts, a Chongqing line bureau in Fengdu received the death sen- ■ Instead of compensating resettlers, offi- court spokesman revealed that an official tence for stealing US$1.44 million from the cials in Yichang County misappropriated from the migration bureau was sentenced to Three Gorges Dam project. -
World Bank Document
Keport No. b34-IKN I .a 0 ____a lidi I U ,, - Water Supply and Sewerage Sector Report Public Disclosure Authorized Voliime !!: Annexes January 29, 1975 Regional Projects Department Europe, Middle E-st, and No-rtk Africa '-'I-"-' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ PReg-ionaOffice"b ... Not for Public Use Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized LvLflt.Un,ocument I ItTI 1of 1 rFh I tLI Ic InsterntistoFnal11o II UttIIIVILI ILL, LSBank Il IIr. forI I.J IRecnsrutonF;r; WL.AAJ131.1 LJLLILI I Candr l IL Developmnto..¶VC .I.J IIILII1 1 International Development Association This report was prepared for official use only by the Bank Group. It may not be published, quoted or cited without Bank Group authorization. The Bank Group does not accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the report. CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS ("-rren^y TTri + = Pi al Rial 1 = US$0.01h8 Pi ]s 1fllnffnn0no = TSMt1) 760 US$1.00 = Rials 67.75 TTqc,l nnn ,0n = Rals 7 7,75 non0 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES mm = Milimeter = 0.039 inches km = Kilometer = 0.6214 miles m - Meter = 3.28 feet ha = Hectare = 10,000 square meters or n 2.47 acres M. or cm = Cubic meter = 264.2 US gallons McM or mcm = Million cubic meters m3/sec = Cubic meter per second kg = Kilogram = 2.20 pounds Kw/H = Kilowatt/Hour Mw = Megawatt = 1,000 kilowatts Mg/i = Milligrams per liter p.p.m. = Parts per Million BOD = Biochemical Oxygen Demand ACRONYMS TRWR = Tehran Regional Water Board MWP = Ministry of Water and Power W.DTiv. = Water Division of MWP PBO = Plan and Budget Organization MGlRA = Ministrv of Coonerative snd Rural Affairs MHUP = Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning KWPA = hhuzest2n Water and Power A.uthorit.y D & R = Development Resources Inc. -
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Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 85 4th International Conference on Management Science, Education Technology, Arts, Social Science and Economics (MSETASSE 2016) Discussions on Development of Cultural Tourism Industry in Region at the Source of the Pearl River Jingfeng Wang School of economics and management, Qujing Normal University, Qujing Yunnan, 655011, China Key words: Source of the Pearl River, Cultural tourism, Development. Abstract. The Pearl River is one of the three large inland rivers of China. The region at the source of the Pearl River is rich in natural landscape resources and human landscapes, has a profound historical and cultural foundation, and is distinctively featured by minority folk-custom, all of which are advantageous conditions for the development of cultural tourism industry. Yet the development situation of cultural tourism industry at the source of the Pearl River is still less than satisfactory. Only by transformation and upgrading of scenic region at the source of the Pearl River, and development of minority folk-custom-themed the Three Kingdoms History-themed cultural tourism, and cultural heritage tourism products, the cultural tourism industry at the source of the Pearl River can have more development opportunities. Overview of the Pearl River and of Its Source The Pearl River is one of the three inland rivers of China. By streamflow, the Pearl River is the second largest inland river in China, second only to the Yangtze River; by length, the Pearl River is the third largest inland river in China, following the Yangtze River and the Yellow River. The main stream of the Pearl River is 2320km long in total, the basin area is 446,768km2 [1], its river basin stretches over Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, and it flows into the South China Sea from the 8th estuary in the Pearl River Delta. -
Journal of the Georgian Geophysical Society
ISSN 1512-1127 saqarTvelos geofizikuri sazogadoebis Jurnali seria a. dedamiwis fizika JOURNAL OF THE GEORGIAN GEOPHYSICAL SOCIETY Issue A. Physics of Solid Earth tomi 15a 2011-2012 vol. 15A 2011-2012 ISSN 1512-1127 saqarTvelos geofizikuri sazogadoebis Jurnali seria a. dedamiwis fizika JOURNAL OF THE GEORGIAN GEOPHYSICAL SOCIETY Issue A. Physics of Solid Earth tomi 15a 2011-2012 vol. 15A 2011-2012 saqarTvelos geofizikuri sazogadoebis Jurnali seria a. dedamiwis fizika saredaqcio kolegia k. z. qarTveliSvili (mT. redaqtori), v. abaSiZe, b. ba l av aZ e, a. gvelesiani (mT. redaqtoris moadgile), g. gugunava, k. eftaqsiasi (saberZneTi), T. WeliZe, v. WiWinaZe, g. jaSi, i. gegeni (safrangeTi), i. CSau (germania), T. maWaraSvili, v. starostenko (ukraina), j. qiria, l. daraxveliZe (mdivani) misamarTi:!! saqarTvelo, 0193, Tbilisi, aleqsiZis q. 1, m. nodias geofizikis instituti tel.: 33-28-67; 94-35-91; Fax; (99532 332867); e-mail: [email protected] Jurnalis Sinaarsi: Jurnali (a) moicavs myari dedamiwis fizikis yvela mimarTulebas. gamoqveynebul iqneba: kvleviTi werilebi, mimoxilvebi, mokle informaciebi, diskusiebi, wignebis mimoxilvebi, gancxadebebi. gamoqveynebis ganrigi da xelmowera seria (a) gamoicema weliwadSi erTxel. xelmoweris fasia (ucxoeli xelmomwerisaTvis) 50 dolari, saqarTveloSi _ 10 lari, xelmoweris moTxovna unda gaigzavnos redaqciis misamarTiT. ЖУРНАЛ ГРУЗИНСКОГО ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА серия A. Физика Твердой Земли Редакционная коллегия; К. З. Картвелишвили (гл. редактор), В.Г. Абашидзе, Б . К . Балавадзе , А.И. Гвелесиани (зам. гл. редактора), Г.Е. Гугунава, К. Эфтаксиас (Греция), Т.Л. Челидзе, В.К. Чичинадзе, Г.Г. Джаши, И. Геген (Франция), И. Чшау (Германия), Т. Мачарашвили, В. Старостенко (Украина), Дж. Кириа, Л. Дарахвелидзе Адрес; Грузия, 0171, Тбилиси, ул. Алексидзе, 1. Институт геофизики им. М. З. -
The Methods Used in Monitoring of Large Dams in Turkey
©2020 Published in 8th International Symposium on Innovative Technologies in Engineering and Science 23-25 October 2020 (ISITES2020 Bursa - Turkey) https://doi.org/10.33793/acperpro.03.01.51 The Methods Used in Monitoring of Large Dams in Turkey Haluk BALI1*, Salih ALCAY2 1 The General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works, 5. Regional Directorate, 56. Division Office, Kırıkkale, Turkey, 2 Necmettin Erbakan University, Engineering and Achitecture Faculty, Geomatics Engineering Department, Konya, Turkey. Abstract Turkey is a very rich country in terms of water resources. However, in order to use these resources efficiently, water must be stored safely. In this context, the best form of storage is the construction of dams. In our country, large dams, which are among the world's important dams, are being built. Although there are many advantages of large dams, the loss of life and property will be so great in case of a possible deformation or destruction. The fact that dams are under the influence of various forces, as well as being located in the earthquake zone of our country, necessitates continuous monitoring of our dams. Dams are generally monitored using geodetic methods and geotechnical devices. However, mostly details of these two methods are evaluated separately in dam monitoring. Evaluating the results of both methods together is very important for the comprehensive monitoring of the dam and the correct interpretation of possible deformations. In this study, large dams in our country and monitoring studies carried out by using geodetic and geotechnical methods in these dams are given in detail. Key words: Dam, Deformation Monitoring, Geodetic, Geotechnical 1. -
E-Newsletter Issue No.4.Pdf
Volume No.2 ISSUE No. 4 April 2011 ► 2 Special Events ► 3 ICSHP News ► 5 World SHP News IN-SHP ► 6 Finance and Investment ► 7 Coming Events International Network on Small Hydro Power NEWSLETTER Message from the Director General I’m proud to present the fourth edition of our IN-SHP newsletter. We are an international organisation that strives to promote the use of small hydro power (SHP) as a clean energy solution to meet the growing demand for energy in the world. The network supports over 380 organisations in more than 75 countries in their small hydro power related activities. This newsletter highlights some of IN-SHP’s recent and forthcoming activities. The headquarters of IN-SHP, the International Centre on Small Hydro Power (ICSHP), is one of UNIDO’s International Technology Centres. This March a meeting was held in Vienna between the centres for renewable energies, including the ICSHP and its regional sub-centres in Asia and Africa. The objective of the meeting was to share experiences and to strengthen cooperation between the centres. Supporting projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is an Prof. Liu Heng important service offered by the ICSHP. Recently two CDM projects Director General, IN-SHP developed by the ICSHP in China were officially accredited. The centre has also been involved in a research on a green hydropower index system composed of hydrological parameters. This research has been going on since 2009 to assist the evaluation of impact of hydro power projects on river systems. In January the IN-SHP also hosted a visit from Zambia in the context of the ‘Lighting up Rural Africa’ project. -
Determination of Thermal Stratification and Its Effects on Water Quality in Dams Using Analytical Methods
River Basin Management VI 379 Determination of thermal stratification and its effects on water quality in dams using analytical methods G. Badalians Gholikandi1, E. Jalilzadeh2, H. R. Orumieh3 & H. R. Tashaouie4 1Power and Water University of Technology (PWUT), Water Research Institute (WRI), Iran 2Tehran Water and Wastewater Company (TWWC), Iran 3Parsarianab Consulting Engineers, Iran 4National Water and Wastewater Company (NWWC), Iran Abstract Data analysis should be viewed as an integral component of the water quality management process [1]. Statistical techniques such as factor analysis (FA), cluster analysis (CA) and T test were applied to get information about the similarities or dissimilarities, to detect thermal stratification and to interpret Amir Kabir Dam water quality data. Analyses were based on 150 total samples from 5 depths during about a two year period (from April 2008 to April 2010) which were measured for 29 (19 physicochemical and 10 biological) parameters resulting in 4350 observations. Using PCA/FA for physicochemical variables, five Varifactors were obtained with eigenvalues >1 contributing to almost 82.342% of total variance in water dataset which are included on the components. Moreover, FA is a helpful method for physicochemical data reduction, although it is not as good for biological data reduction. Thermal stratification is the biggest problem at the majority of deep reservoirs resulting from the surface warming. It results in water quality detritions in the bottom layers. Finding the depths affected by this occurrence is an important problem in the management of reservoirs. In this study CA and t-test were applied to identify thermal stratification and its consequences on water quality. -
Realizing the Urban Potential in Georgia: National Urban Assessment
REALIZING THE URBAN POTENTIAL IN GEORGIA National Urban Assessment ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK REALIZING THE URBAN POTENTIAL IN GEORGIA NATIONAL URBAN ASSESSMENT ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO license (CC BY 3.0 IGO) © 2016 Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines Tel +63 2 632 4444; Fax +63 2 636 2444 www.adb.org Some rights reserved. Published in 2016. Printed in the Philippines. ISBN 978-92-9257-352-2 (Print), 978-92-9257-353-9 (e-ISBN) Publication Stock No. RPT168254 Cataloging-In-Publication Data Asian Development Bank. Realizing the urban potential in Georgia—National urban assessment. Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2016. 1. Urban development.2. Georgia.3. National urban assessment, strategy, and road maps. I. Asian Development Bank. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. This publication was finalized in November 2015 and statistical data used was from the National Statistics Office of Georgia as available at the time on http://www.geostat.ge The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ADB in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area.