The Methods Used in Monitoring of Large Dams in Turkey
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Deriner Dam, Artvin, Turkey
SHARING SUCCESS Deriner Dam, Artvin, Turkey Deriner Dam, located in Artvin, North Eastern Turkey, is 249 metres high and features a double-curvature concrete arch. It is the tallest dam of any kind in Turkey and ranks in the top 10 of the highest concrete dams in the world. Its purpose: hydropower. BACKGROUND the world at the time and, in terms of volume, SUCCESS FACTORS About one-fifth of the world’s electricity is pro- remains the largest embankment dam in Pöyry’s work at Deriner Dam required a duced in hydropower stations. It’s an efficient Turkey today. high-level of partnership: with DSI and and sustainable way of generating power. The a number of other firms that formed the General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works CLIENT CHALLENGE contractor’s consortium. (DSI) in Turkey has a mission1: “to develop all The full scope of the project included con- A clear governance model was water and land resources in Turkey…wisely struction of a double curvature arch dam, established that enabled seamless col- using natural resources.” In 1969, a survey diversion tunnel, underground powerhouse, laboration and project of the energy potential of the Coruh River two completely separate spillway concepts transparency between the client, Pöyry was carried out, and the construction of the and infrastructure including access roads. and our consortium partner, Dolsar Engi- Deriner Project commenced almost three Construction began in 1998 and held a neering Inc Co. decades later. number of daunting challenges: the site was situated in a remote, mountainous region. “Because Deriner presented so many In 1987, DSI awarded Pöyry as a key partner challenges, it was important for us to for the project based on their ability to handle The spillway structures had to safely manage partner with a company that brought new the complexities and scale involved with the large design floods. -
Turkish Dams Cause Water Conflict in the Middle East
MIDDLE EAST, NORTH AFRICA Turkish Dams Cause Water Conflict in the Middle East OE Watch Commentary: Turkey’s neighbors have historically accused the country of restricting water flow to their territories because of the several dams the Turkish government has built on the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers since the 1960s. The completion of the Ilisu Dam rekindled the decades old water dispute between Turkey and Iraq. The excerpted accompanying 20-page assessment on water security, written by a Turkish professor for the Turkish think tank Center for Middle Eastern Strategic Studies, sheds light on the water conflict between Turkey and its neighbors with a focus on Turkish and Iraqi relations. The accompanying passage analyzes the historical background of the issue and makes an assessment on how it could be resolved. According to the author, the water conflict between Turkey and Iraq dates to 1965 when Turkey built its first dam, Keban, on the Euphrates. Iraq initially insisted that Turkey allow 350 cubic meters per second of water flow while the dam fills up. The financiers of the dam, including the World Bank, pressured The remnants of the old Hasankeyf Bridge alongside the new bridge (2004). Turkey to provide guarantees insisted upon by Iraq. Therefore, in 1966 Source: By No machine-readable author provided. Bertilvidet~commonswiki assumed (based on copyright claims)), CC-BY-SA-3.0, https:// commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hasankeyf.JPG. Turkey guaranteed Iraq 350 cubic meters per second of water flow, even though having third parties interfere in this dispute infuriated Turkey. The author argues that Iraq blames its neighbors, especially Turkey, for its water shortages because of Turkey’s Southeastern Anatolia Project. -
The Possible Effects of Irrigation Schemes and Irrigation Methods on Water Budget and Economy in Atatürk Dam of South-Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey
The possible effects of irrigation schemes and irrigation methods on water budget and economy in Atatürk dam of south-eastern Anatolia region of Turkey Huseyin Demir1, Ahmet Zahir Erkan2, Nesrin Baysan2, Gonca Karaca Bilgen2 1 GAP Şanlıurfa Tünel Çıkış Ağzı 2 GAP Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey Abstract. The South-eastern Anatolia Project (GAP) has been implemented in the southeast part of Turkey, covering 9 provinces and the two most important rivers of Turkey. The main purpose of this gorgeous project is to uplift the income level and living standards of people in the region, to remove the inter-regional development disparities and to contribute to the national goals of economic development and social stability. The cost of the project is 32 billion USD consisting of 13 sub-projects in the river basins of Euphrates and Tigris. The project has evolved over time and has become multi sectoral, integrated and human based on the sustainable regional development. Upon the fully completion of the project, 1.8 Million hectares of land will be able to be irrigated in Euphrates and Tigris Basins through surface and underground water resources. From 1995 until now, 273.000 ha. of land have already been irrigated within the GAP Project. Roughly 739,000 ha. of this land will be irrigated from Atatürk Dam, the largest dam of GAP Project. At present, nearly ¼ of this area is under irrigation. Some technological developments have been experienced in the Project area, ranging from upstream controlled schemes having trapezoidal section, lined or unlined, to upstream controlled schemes having high pressurized piped system; and from conventional methods to drip irrigation method. -
Submerging Cultural Heritage. Dams and Archaeology in South-Eastern Turkey by Nicolò Marchetti & Federico Zaina
Fig. 1. View of Zeugma with the Birecik dam reservoir in the background. Photo: Pressaris. SUBMERGING CULTURAL HERITAGE. DAMS AND ARCHAEOLOGY IN SOUTH-EASTERN TURKEY BY NICOLÒ MARCHETTI & FEDERICO ZAINA ince the 1960s, economic development strategies pro- as development in fishery and water-related industry. All S moted by Middle Eastern governments have fostered these factors concur to a generally increased income as the construction of large-scale hydraulic infrastructure, often stressed by both private and public authorities. including dams, with the aim of providing short- and medium-term benefits in previously low productive However, the benefits brought by dams are not forever. regions. However, the massive modifications occurring Similar to other human-made structures, such as roads to the riverbeds and surrounding areas involved deeply and bridges, dams require regular and expensive main- affected the natural and cultural landscape of vast regions. tenance and have a finite lifespan. A mean life of 50–120 Combining open-access satellite imagery and archaeologi- years is generally expected for modern dams and water cal data it is now possible to show the immediate impact of reservoirs. In addition, the construction and up-filling dams on the cultural heritage along the Turkish stretch of of dams include the dislocation of thousands of people, the Euphrates river. potential international political issues when built on rivers flowing through different countries, permanent degrada- FLOODED HERITAGE tion of soil fertility and the widespread -
Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus
STATUS AND PROTECTION OF GLOBALLY THREATENED SPECIES IN THE CAUCASUS CEPF Biodiversity Investments in the Caucasus Hotspot 2004-2009 Edited by Nugzar Zazanashvili and David Mallon Tbilisi 2009 The contents of this book do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of CEPF, WWF, or their sponsoring organizations. Neither the CEPF, WWF nor any other entities thereof, assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product or process disclosed in this book. Citation: Zazanashvili, N. and Mallon, D. (Editors) 2009. Status and Protection of Globally Threatened Species in the Caucasus. Tbilisi: CEPF, WWF. Contour Ltd., 232 pp. ISBN 978-9941-0-2203-6 Design and printing Contour Ltd. 8, Kargareteli st., 0164 Tbilisi, Georgia December 2009 The Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF) is a joint initiative of l’Agence Française de Développement, Conservation International, the Global Environment Facility, the Government of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank. This book shows the effort of the Caucasus NGOs, experts, scientific institutions and governmental agencies for conserving globally threatened species in the Caucasus: CEPF investments in the region made it possible for the first time to carry out simultaneous assessments of species’ populations at national and regional scales, setting up strategies and developing action plans for their survival, as well as implementation of some urgent conservation measures. Contents Foreword 7 Acknowledgments 8 Introduction CEPF Investment in the Caucasus Hotspot A. W. Tordoff, N. Zazanashvili, M. Bitsadze, K. Manvelyan, E. Askerov, V. Krever, S. Kalem, B. Avcioglu, S. Galstyan and R. Mnatsekanov 9 The Caucasus Hotspot N. -
Cooperation on Turkey's Transboundary Waters
Cooperation on Turkey's transboundary waters Aysegül Kibaroglu Axel Klaphake Annika Kramer Waltina Scheumann Alexander Carius Status Report commissioned by the German Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety F+E Project No. 903 19 226 Oktober 2005 Imprint Authors: Aysegül Kibaroglu Axel Klaphake Annika Kramer Waltina Scheumann Alexander Carius Project management: Adelphi Research gGmbH Caspar-Theyß-Straße 14a D – 14193 Berlin Phone: +49-30-8900068-0 Fax: +49-30-8900068-10 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: www.adelphi-research.de Publisher: The German Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety D – 11055 Berlin Phone: +49-01888-305-0 Fax: +49-01888-305 20 44 E-Mail: [email protected] Internet: www.bmu.de © Adelphi Research gGmbH and the German Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, 2005 Cooperation on Turkey's transboundary waters i Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ...............................................................................................................1 1.1 Motive and main objectives ........................................................................................1 1.2 Structure of this report................................................................................................3 2 STRATEGIC ROLE OF WATER RESOURCES FOR THE TURKISH ECONOMY..........5 2.1 Climate and water resources......................................................................................5 2.2 Infrastructure development.........................................................................................7 -
Hydrological Impact of Ilisu Dam on Mosul Dam; the River Tigris
geosciences Article Hydrological Impact of Ilisu Dam on Mosul Dam; the River Tigris Abdul-Sahib T. Al-Madhhachi 1 , Khayyun A. Rahi 2,* and Wafa K. Leabi 3 1 Department of Water Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10047, Iraq; [email protected] 2 Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10047, Iraq 3 Department of Highway and Transportation Engineering, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10047, Iraq; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 15 February 2020; Accepted: 25 March 2020; Published: 27 March 2020 Abstract: The Ilisu Dam is part of the Turkish Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP) and is the largest dam on the Tigris River in Turkey. It is located on the main river course 65 km upstream of the Syrian and Iraqi border. The Ilisu Dam watershed is the same as that of the Mosul Dam in Iraq. Sharing the same watershed with the Mosul Dam and located upstream, the Ilisu Dam will usurp most of the watershed and deprive the Mosul Dam of most of its current inflow. This paper presents an assessment of the hydrological impact (basically predicts changes on future inflow) of the Ilisu Dam on the Mosul Dam. The assessment is based on the worst-case scenario. The analyses that are employed include geographic information system (GIS) techniques and regression models, along with statistical analyses to numerate expected future impacts on the Mosul Dam’s inflow distribution. Results reveal that the Ilisu will have a drastic impact on the inflow regime of the Mosul Dam. -
Southeast Anatolia Project (Gap) Regional Development Administration Coverage
SOUTHEAST ANATOLIA PROJECT (GAP) REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION COVERAGE • SOUTHEAST ANATOLIA PROJECT(GAP) • GAP ACTON PLAN (2008-2012) • GAP ACTON PLAN (2014-2018) • GAP REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION (GAP RDA) • INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES • COMPETITIVE AGENDA GAP REGION TURKEY – GAP COMPARISION TURKEY GAP GAP/TR (%) Total Area (km2) 779 452 75 193 9.7 Population (milyon)* 77.69 8.25 10.6 Annual Population Growth Rate 13.31 18.88 (thousand)(2013-2014) * 2014 Results of Address Based Population Registration System LAND POTENTIAL TOTAL AREA GAP REGION OTHER 9.7 % 90.3 % ECONOMICALLY IRRIGABLE AREA GAP REGION 20.0 % OTHER 80.0 % TURKEY’S WATER POTANTIAL BY BASIN Euphrates-Tigris 28 72 Other EUPHRATES OTHER 17% 47% TIGRIS 11% EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN WESTERN ANTALYA EASTERN 6% BLACK SEA 6% BLACK SEA 5% 8% DEVELOPMENT STAGES of GAP •1936 Establishment of Electrical Power Resources Survey and Development Administration •1960 The studies on Euphrates and Tigris rivers •1977 Bringing together all studies under GAP (GAP Water based Development Project Package) • 1986 State Planning Organization (SPO) as coordinating body for the integrated regional development project of GAP • 1989 GAP Master Plan • 1989 Establishment of the GAP Regional Development Administration • 2002 GAP Regional Development Plan (2002-2010) • 2008 GAP Action Plan (2008-2012) • 2014 GAP Action Plan (2014-2018) GAP WATER and SOIL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME EUPHRATES TIGRIS Karakaya Dam/HPP Dicle - Kralkızı Aşağı Fırat Batman Sınır Fırat Batman - Silvan Suruc – Baziki Garzan Adıyaman – Kahta Ilısu Adıyaman–Göksu–Araban Cizre Gaziantep Total water potential of Turkey :186 billion m³. 32 billion m³ from Euphrates and 21 billion m³ from Tigris, GAP Region 53 billion m³. -
Growth and Reproduction Properties of Capoeta Trutta (Heckel,1843) in Karakaya Dam Lake
Turk J Zool 32 (2008) 1-10 © TÜB‹TAK Growth and Reproduction Properties of Capoeta trutta (Heckel,1843) in Karakaya Dam Lake Ercan KALKAN* ‹nönü University, Faculty of Science and Art, Department of Biology, 44280 Malatya – TURKEY Received: 13.04.2006 Abstract: In this study, 510 samples of Capoeta trutta living in Karakaya Dam Lake were studied. After determining sex distribution, size (length and weight), growth rates, and growth conditions factors of 210 C. trutta specimens were examined. The number of female and male specimens was 104 and 106, respectively. The age of females and males ranged between 1-7 and 0-7 years, respectively. The age-length, age-weight, and length-weight curves were constructed. According to the von Bertalanffy equation, females and males were: -0.0571(t+2.4138)) 0.0571(t+2.4238)) 3.0325 Lt = 89.5[1-e ], Wt = 9627.1[1-e ] -0.0604(t+2.6514)) 0.0604(t+2.6514)) 2.9322 Lt = 76.4[1-e ], Wt = 5207.2[1-e ] , respectively . The calculated length-weight relation (W) was 0.0116 L3.0325 for females and 0.0115 L2.9322 for males. The average growth condition factor was 1.30 ± 0.06 for females and 1.28 ± 0.05 for males. The reproductive characteristics of C. trutta female specimens were investigated. According to gonadosomatic index (IG) results the development of egg diameter was determined for a spawning period in May and June. It was found that maturity age of the specimens was 2 and 3. The maximum diameter of ripe eggs was 1.04 mm and the maximum number of eggs per gram of gonads was 666. -
Optimisation of the Tigris River Hydropower System Operations
OPTIMISATION OF THE TIGRIS RIVER HYDROPOWER SYSTEM OPERATIONS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY EMRAH YALÇIN IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING MAY 2015 Approval of the thesis: OPTIMISATION OF THE TIGRIS RIVER HYDROPOWER SYSTEM OPERATIONS submitted by EMRAH YALÇIN in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Civil Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Gülbin Dural Ünver Dean, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Prof. Dr. Ahmet Cevdet Yalçıner Head of Department, Civil Engineering Assoc. Prof. Dr. Şahnaz Tiğrek Supervisor, Civil Engineering Dept., Batman University Examining Committee Members: Prof. Dr. A. Melih Yanmaz Civil Engineering Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Şahnaz Tiğrek Civil Engineering Dept., Batman University Assoc. Prof. Dr. Elçin Kentel Civil Engineering Dept., METU Asst. Prof. Dr. Önder Koçyiğit Civil Engineering Dept., Gazi University Asst. Prof. Dr. Aslı Numanoğlu Genç Civil Engineering Dept., Atılım University Date: 22.05.2015 I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Emrah Yalçın Signature : iv ABSTRACT OPTIMISATION OF THE TIGRIS RIVER HYDROPOWER SYSTEM OPERATIONS Yalçın, Emrah Ph.D., Department of Civil Engineering Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Şahnaz Tiğrek May 2015, 146 pages Growing external energy dependence and rising oil prices are encouraging Turkey to turn to renewable energy, especially hydropower. -
NO Reference Number Authors Title Full Paper Abstract 1. I-0229 Şefik
Reference Full NO Authors Title Abstract Number Paper 12 KASIM 2017 Mw 7.3 - HALEBÇE’NİN Şefik İmamoğlu, 30 KM GÜNEYİ IRAK-İRAN SINIR İdris Bedirhanoğlu, 1. I-0229 BÖLGESİ DEPREMİ VE JEOLOJİK x Çağrı KONUM YÖNÜYLE DARBANDIKHAN Mollamahmutoğlu BARAJINA ETKİLERİ Meltem Celen, HANCAĞIZ BARAJ HAVZASI SU 2. K-0228 Sermin Delipinar, KALİTESİNİN SULAMA SUYU x Mehmet Karpuzcu AÇISINDAN ARAŞTIRILMASI KONDUİTLE DESTEKLENMİŞ KÜRŞAT ŞEKERCİ, FLOTASYON KOLONUNDA HAVA HOLÜ 3. E-0227 MUHAMMED x ÇAPININ FLOTASYON CİHAT TUNA PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ EFFECT OF THE ENVIRONMENT OF Ben Khadda BEN THE BENI HAROUN DAM (MILA) ON 4. L-0226 AMMAR, Bouzidi THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF x MEZGHICHE PREFABRICATED CONCRETE FOR THE SPILLWAY AND THE DIKE Comparison of Volume-of-Fluıd (VOF) Muhammed Uçar, Advection Methods With 5. G-0224 Şerife Yurdagül x Experimental Analysis Of Air-Water Kumcu Flow Structure In A Circular Dropshaft Muhammed Uçar, Comparison of Physical Modeling and 6. E-0223 Şerife Yurdagül CFD Simulation of Flow Over Spillway x Kumcu in the Arkun Dam İdris Bedirhanoglu, DAMAGE OF THE DERBENDIKHAN Cagri 7. A-0219 DAM DURING THE LAST Mw 7.3 x Mollamahmutoglu, HALABJA EARTHQUAKE Sefik Imamoglu THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF 8. N-0217 Donald Bruce GROUT CURTAINS AND CUTOFF x WALLS FOR EXISTING DAMS DAM SAFETY IN BULGARIA – SOME 9. C-0215 Dimitar Kisliakov RECENT DEVELOPMENTS, POLICIES x AND PRACTICE Tamaz Chelidze, Alessandro Tibaldi, Nino Tsereteli, Early Warning Systems for Dam 10. N-0214 Vakhtang Safety: case of Large Enguri Dam, x Abashidze, Nodar Georgia Varamashvili, Zurab Chelidze INVESTIGATING IMPACT OF DAMS ON Muhammet Yılmaz, 11. N-0213 ANNUAL MAXIMUM FLOWS OF x Fatih Tosunoğlu RIVERS IN EUPHRATES BASIN, TURKEY <br> Fatih TOSUNOGLU, PRECISE ESTIMATION OF PEAK FLOWS Muhammet 12. -
Republic of Turkey the Study on Optimal Power Generation for Peak Demand in Turkey
REPUBLIC OF TURKEY GENERAL DIRECTORATE OF ELECTRIC POWER RESOURCES SURVEY AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION TURKISH ELECTRICITY TRANSMISSION CO. (TEIAS) REPUBLIC OF TURKEY THE STUDY ON OPTIMAL POWER GENERATION FOR PEAK DEMAND IN TURKEY February 2011 (2011) JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) IDD JR 10-131 Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Background of the Study....................................................................................................................1 1.2 Purpose of the Study and Implementation Details............................................................................1 1.2.1 Purpose of the Study ...................................................................................................................1 1.2.2 Area in Which to Conduct the Study...........................................................................................1 1.2.3 Implementation Details (TOR).....................................................................................................1 1.3 Study Implementation Policy..............................................................................................................2 1.3.1 Scope of the Study Works...........................................................................................................2 1.3.2 Formulation of a Plan for Developing a Power Source..............................................................3