• eeta

Not a stamping in the wheel but every connection a drop forging. Up-towdate and the highest of all high grade wheels.

G-1:J.A.:R.A.NT:EED FO~ ONE YE.A.R..

RIDE IT---BUV IT··-AND PATRONIZE HOME INDUSTRY. 1000 Sold in 1898. 2000 for 1899. We want a responsible and hustling agent in every city and town in Colorado. Write for particulars, or better yet­ come to Denver and see us.

The Si}Ver state cyc}e C().1 1707 Cha]Jtpa S~reet,. J)ei,11er.

LOOKING FOR TH[ BEST? Then Attend Modern School of Business. The best Business School in the West. Everything first class • Holds World's Fair Diploma. Secures positions for pupils when quail:fied. Recommended by sixty of the leading business men of Denver.

Charles JSth & Block Curtis.

&- Actual- business methods. Can enter any day. Departments: Bookkeeping, Office Practice, Shorthand, Typewriting, Academic, Penmanship and Telegraphy. Tuition refunded if not pleased. Send or call for beautiful illustrated circulars, giving full informa­ tion, free. W. T. PARKS, Prin., Denver, Colo.

The County Ditteeto1y Pub. Co.,

Will PUBLISH A

MINING DIRECTORY OF LAKE, EL PASO, SUMMIT AND PARK

COUNTIES. ~ &

Will be 11eady fotr delivery about may 15, luuu I

Cbt,...... Telephone J:86t Wtigtlt Pipt works 2949-295l LARIMER STREET Denver, Colorado

72,000 feet of Riveted Steel Water Pipe our output last year. Wt makt tbt BtSt for tbt montv.

JI, Water Wheels JI, Water Pipe JI, High Grade JI, Water Buckets JI, Hydraulic Giants JI, Sheet JI, Blast Pipe JI, JI, Steel Ventilating Pipe JI, Hydraulic Gravel and JI, JI, Work Water Elevators JI, Satisfaction Guaranteed.

MINING DIRECTORY

OF San migutlt Ouray t San ]uan and ta Plata tountits.

Principal Towns and Mining Camps are Telluride, San Miguel, Vance Junction, Pandora, Ouray, Ridg­ way, Silverton, Durango, Saw Pit, Hesperus, La Plata, Animas City, Reel Mount- ain, Ironton, Eureka, Gladstone, Needleton, Mancos, Wil- son Mountain and Ophir.

PRICE, $5.00.

JANUARY, 1899.

COUNTY DIRECTORY COMPANY, PUBLISHERS, DENVER, COLORADO.

~ J. C!iJrM:B~I'lLAIN.. l:i.DI Lt.ING IiAM:

HIGHEST ..MARKeT PRICES-PA10 fOR. • ,:1,.. •.

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· _,, ~~Jin~ \¼rks: ·. a' otfie IRTY~L1GHTH AND \¼ZEE Srs.

g ~ID, 0 0 ~ CO Qo

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G !:O.RGf:.TowN. ,C:Ot.Q.

lDAHo < S.PRIN~ ·cat.a. BLACl'C.HAWJ(.· COLQ. 80uLDeR, COLQ.

INDEX TO CONTENTS. PAGE San Miguel County, Description •••••••••, ••••••••••••• 17 " Mines .•••••••••••••••••••••••••• 25 " " Mills •••••••••••••••••••...•••.. 18 San Miguel •.••.••••••••••••••••..••••••••••.••••••• 20 Saw Pit • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 20 Telluride, County Seat .•.•••••..•••••••••.••....•.•.. 18 What Telluride Has .•.••••••••.•••••••••••••..•••••• 19 Telluride Officials ••••.••••••• ••••••••••••••••••••••• 21

Telluride Societies ...... ~ ..... 22-23 Wilson .••.••...••..•••••..•••••••••••••.•...••••.•• 20 San Juan County, New Mexico • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 89 La Plata County, Description ....•••.•••••.••..•.•.••• 87 " " Mines .•••...•.•••.•••••••..••.••... 44 " " Mills • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 38 Durango, County Seat •••..•••••••••.••••••••••••... 39 What Durango Has .•••.••..•.•.....•.•••••••....•••• 40 Durango Officials .•...•••...•.••••••••••.••••..•••... 42 Durango Lodges ••••.•••...•.•••..••••••••..••.••••• 42-43 Animas City •...•..•••.•...•••••••••.••.••••.••...•. 41 Hesperus ••••.•••..••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••.... 41 La Plata .•••....••.•.•••..•....•...•.•••..•...•..... 41 Ouray County, Description ..••.•..••••••••••.••••.••• 53 " Mines .••••.••.•.•.•••.••••••••••••••• 58 " Mills .•.•.•..•.••••••.•••••••••.•..•.. 56 Ouray, County Seat .••..••.•••••••.•.••••••••••••.... 56 What Ouray Has ....•••••.•..•••.•••••••••••.••••••• 57 San Juan County, Description ••••••••••••••••••••.... 65 " " Mines ...••••. o •••••••••••••••••••• 74 " " Mills ...... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 67 What Silverton Has .••••••.••••..•••.•••.•••...•...•. 68 City Officials •...•.•...•..••...•••.••.•••..•...... ••• 71 Lodges .•••••••...•.••...... •.••••••••••.••.•••.•... 71-72 Silverton ••••...... •.•.•...•••..••••...•.•.•.•..• 67 Hints to Prospectors ..•...•..••..•...... ••••.•••.••• 95 Ores and Minerals of Colorado .•.•••.•..•..••.••••.••• 127 Composition of Minerals ..•.•.••.•.....•••.•...•.••.. 107

Mining Laws • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 100 Sundry Tables, Etc •••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••. 112

Intrroduetion.

With this, the first issue of a Mining Directory of San Miguel, Ouray, San Juan and La Plata counties, we wish to congratl1late the people of a great mining district upon the prosperity which reigns in all its parts, and with no prophetic vision, one can see in the days which are almost here, a large increase in the number of producing mines and a corresponding advance in the wealth ·and prosperity of the district. Alerady the gleam of the coming day is shedding its lances on the crests of the Rockies; and penetrating the gulches and caverns, will disclose to the world its treasures. Capital only is required in the San Juan district to bring another Crip­ ple Creek into existence. As we go to press election re­ turns are coming in too late for us to obtain a list of county officers for this Directory. We have made a care­ ful canvass and have met difficulties in securing reliable information. Notwithstanding obstacles in the way, we feel that the publication is substantially correct, and trust that this Mining Directory, as a reliable book of information, will fully meet the wants and expectations of our patrons; convenient as a reference, and not a fraud, as the one which preceded ours one year ago under the guise of a Mining Directory. With a grateful sense of appreciation we submit our book to the public, thanking friends and patrons for material aid and information given. This Directory will be revised every two years.

CoUNTY DmEcTo:&Y PUBLISHING Co., CHAS. H. HART, Manager.

SAN MIGUEL COUNTY.

Produced in 1897, $2,153,861.42. For 1898 there will be an increase of at least one-third over that of '97. San Miguel is one of the west border counties in the south­ west part of the state and was segregated from Ouray county by legislative enactment, approved February 27, 1883. It has an area of about 1,800 square miles. The adjoining counties are Montrose and Ouray on the north; Ouray and San Juan on the east; Dolores on the south; Utah forms the west boundary. The topography of the county is varied. In the southeast the Uncompahgre mountains are equally as rugged as in Ouray and San Juan counties and have the same general geological structure. The east portion of the south boundary is outlined by the San Miguel mountains, composed of several rugged peaks reaching nearly 14,000 feet in altitude. From the base of the mountain ranges north and west and embracing about four-fifths of the area of the county, plateaus and broad mesas prevail com­ posed wholly of sedentary beds. The history of lode mining has been one of steady advance from the beginning in 1875. Notwithstanding remoteness from market, altitude, short seasons, long and severe winters, development has progressed steadily. The eastern part of the mining territory of the county is locally divided into five districts, viz: Upper San Miguel in the east and northeast; Iron Springs in the southeast and Trout Lake in the south and sou theast; Mount Wilson in the south and lower San Miguel in the east central portion of the county. Saw Pit is a mining camp, 16 miles west of Telluride, that sprang into existence in 1895. The record for 1898 will be sev­ eral new prospects and a tonnage nearly treble that of 1897. The ore is in the main oxidized with lead, silver and gold, values, variable in proportion. 18 SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. Mills.

DAILY NAME. LOCATION, CHARACTER. CAPACITY •

Smnggler Union ...... Upper San Miguel. ... 50 stamps, conct .•.••..••...... 200 tons Gold King•...... •...•.. Turkey Greek Dist .... 40 stamps, amal ...... •...... 80tons Terrible ...... •...•.•••.•. Iron Springs dist ..... 30 stamps, amal. and conct ...... 60 tons San Bernardo ...... Turkey Creek dist .... Concentration.. • • ...... •. 50 tons Su:ffolk ...... •.•..... Iron Springs dist .•.... 4.0 stamps, amal. and conct ...... 80 tons Valley View •...... •••. Upper San Miguel dist 10 stamps, amal. and conct ... . . •. •25 tons Japan ....•...... •. Upper San Miguel dist Concentration ...... 100 tons Tom Boy ...... •..... Upper San Miguel dist Amal. and conct ....••...•...... 200tons Colnmbia Menona ..•..... Upper San Miguel dist 30 stamps, amal and conct ...... 60 tons Caribou ...... •...... Iron Springs dist ...... 10 stamps, conct ..••...... :...... 25 tons Silver Pick ...... Mt. Wilson dist ...... 10 stamps, conct ...... 25 tons Hector ...... Upper San Miguel dist 30 stamps, conct...... 75 tons Alleghany ...... Upper San Miguel dist 2-0 stamps, amal and conct ...... 50 tons Turkey Creek ...... Upper San Migueldist 10 stamps, amal. and conct•...... 25 tons Telluride Power & Trans- mission. Co's ...... Upper San Miguel dist 120 stamps, amal and conct ...... 250 tons Bessie ...... ••..•...... Turkey Creek dist. .... Amal and conct...... • ...... 70 tons Town of Telluride. Telluride the county seat and principle commercial center of the county is located in a small level park, altitude 8,800 feet, surrounded by rugged mountains rising to 14,000 feet and is one of the most picturesque points in the state. The south fork of the San Miguel river and tributaries enter the park over cliffs forming. water falls that add much to the beauty of the surround- 1ngs. Development is bringing out more new properties that will add to the producing list before the beginning of another season. The result of this year's prosperity is known even now to almost the entire world, even before its extent is known to ourselves. .A. few years ago Telluride was almost unknown to the outside world, but how different now. Perhaps no town in the United States has come so rapidly into prominence among capi­ talists and in the commercial world during the present year, and its mention in any of the great money centers of either east or west brings to the general mind of the hearer the thought of one of the richest mining sections of the richest of all states, Colo­ rado. Nor is her prominence to end here. Like the mining ·in­ dustry which makes her, she is yet in her infancy, and though remarkable has been her progress she- has greater surprises in store for the future. SAN MIGUEL OOUNTY. 19 What Telluride Has. Population, 2,300 with 1000 additional in mines. Altitude, 8440 ft.

Three Assayers. Two Shoe Stores. Two Banks. Three Drug Stores. Six Grocery Stores. Four W agonmakers and Black- Twenty-two Saloons. smith Shops. Two Printing Offices. :S:OLE IN THE WALL One Daily Newspaper. . SALOON, One Weekly Newspaper. Penny & Parsons. One Abstract Office. ANTONIO ZO:RTEA, Three Livery Stables. MIDWAY SALOON, One Jewelry Store. Box 618. Telluride. One Undertaker. One Furniture Store. Two Meat Markets. Four Tailors. Two Hotels. One Foundry and Iron Works. T:S:E 14:cP:S:EBSON :S:OTEL, THE TELLtT:RIDE I:B.ON Jos. Uc Pherson, Prop. WORXS. Spruce Street, Telluride, Colo. General Repair Work & Foundrr Two Hardware Stores. B:. U. SACXl'l'T, Prop. Two Lumber Yards, One Steam Laundry. Twelve Lawyers. One Plumber. Eight Doctors. ThrAe Insurance Agents. Six Restaurants. 1 Three Hay and Grain Dealers. Three Dry Goods Stores. Two Confectioneries. Five Surveyors. Confectionery, Fruit, Cigars, GIBES & GREENWOOD. Tobaccos, Stationery and Civil Engineers. tr. S. Deputy News. NOB.A A. SKITH, Mineral Surveyors. Surface Prop's. and Underground Surveys. tr. S. Patents Procured. One Electric Light Plant. Telluride, Colo. One Fire Department. 20 SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. Saw Pit. Population 100, seven miles from Telluride. Wilson. Population 50. San Miguel. Two miles from Telluride, population 150.

Do You Want Q ft'llf(Ifi.G If(FO~ffiATIOft • $2.00 THE SAN MIGUEL EXAMINER, Per Year. Published at Telluride, Colorado, is the only exclusive Mining Publication in the San Juan. As an ADVERTISING MEDlUM it is unexcelled, because it is the leading paper of Southern Colorado, because it has the largest circulation, and because it is in demand among the people. Woodmansee & Sumner, Editors and Publishers.

MRS. L. A. MARGOWSKI, PROPRIETRESS. Best Tables in the City. ftewly futtnished. RATES, $1.50 TO $2.00 PER DAY. Proprietress wishes to retire and will sell hotel. Best Hotel in City. Traveling men and Miners make it their stopping place. Five blocks from depot on I Colorado avenue. TELLURIDE, COLORADO. TELLURIDE JOURNAL, The Journal Publishing Co., Props. Chas. F. Pa.inter, Pres. and Manager, Subscription Rates: Daily-Per Annum by mail or carrier $6.00 Per month, " " .60 Per week " '' .15 Weekly-Per annum, by mail - 3.00 SAN MIGUEL OOUNTY. 21

Telluride Official and Society Directory.

Supreme Court. John Campbell, Chief Justice. L. M. Goddard, l W. H. Gabbert, f Associate Justices. James A. Miller - - Clerk.

Town Officials. G. H. Phillips, - - Mayor. N. K. Trout, - - Treasurer. George Mahr, C. P. Rock, ~ W.R. McNeil, A. H. Floaten Trustees. I. C. Spencer, W. C. Martin, W. T. McGarvy, Clerk and Recorder. W. W. Cramer, - Marshal. Wm. T. March, - Deputy Marshal. J. N. Hamill, - - City Attorney. A. Holmes, - Police Magistrate. A. C. Heidelo:ff, Water Commissioner. I. L. Glenn, - Sexton of Cemetery. Gus Anderson, - Street Commissioner.

.Standing Committees. Finance-George Mahr, W.R. McNeil, A.H. Floaten. Streets and Alleys.-A. H. Floaten, I. C. Spencer, C. P. Bock. License.-W. 0. Martin, C. P. Rock, W.R. McNeil. Health and Cemetery-I. C. Spencer, W. C. Martin, W.R. McNeil. Police and Fire.-C. P. Rock, I. C. Spencer, George Mahr. Water Works-W. R. McNeil, A.H. Floaten, Geo. Mahr. Ordinances.-A. H. Floaten, I. C. Spencer, W. C. Martin. 22 SAN MIGUEL COUNTY.

Societies • ...f\v· Telluride Lodge No. 56, A. F. & A. M. Regular com­ /Y\.1. munications on the second and fourth Wednesdays · -1 of each month. Gustaf Brickson, W. M. J.M. ,Jardine, Secy.

Telluride Chapter No. 28, R. A. M. Stated convocations on the first and third Wednesdays of each month. Visiting compan- ions cordially invited. Chas. F. Painter, H.P. John L. Haines, Secy.

Miriam Chapter No. 20, 0. E. S. Regular meetings on the second and fourth Tuesdays of each month. Clara S. Rock, W. M. Charles F. Painter, W. P. Belle M. Watson, Secy.

Telluride Lodge No. 103, I. 0. 0. F. Meets every Thursday evening in Odd Fellows Hall. Visiting brothers cordially invited. C. H. Coulson, N. G. Harry L. Servis, Secy.

Crescent Lodge No. 39, Degree of Rebecca. Meets the first and third Tuesdays in each month in Masonic Hall. Visitors are always welcome. Mrs. I. D. Carpenter, N. G. Martha E. Runkle, Secy.

Bridal Veil Lodge No. 80, K. of P. Meets every Monday evening in the Masonic Lodge room. Leon Alexander, C. C. 0. H. Adams, K. of R. & S. l 6 to l Union No. 63, W. F. M. of Telluride, meets every Satur­ day evening, excepting the last Saturday in the month, in Savage Basin. The last Saturday evening in the month at Red Men's Hall in Telluride. T. M. Swift, President. J.P. Redick, Financial Secretary. SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. 23 Bethany Temple No. 25, Rathbone Sisters. Meets in regular session on the evening of the first and third Saturdays of every month at Masonic Hall. Mrs. Lucy B. Rohwer, M. E. C. Mrs. Mary K. Mott, M. of R. & C.

Court Free Silvet No. 24, F. of A. meets every Friday night in Red Men's Hall. Chris. Endrich, 0. R-. R. Tr bais, Financial Secy.

Chippewa Tribe No. 49, Improved Order of Red Men. Meets every Tuesday evening at Finn Ha11. Morris Lehmann, Sachem. Robert H. Wilson, Chief of Reeords.

Hiawatha Council No. 9, Daughters of Pocahontas. Meets every alternate Wednesday evening in Finn HRll. Mrs. Henrietta A. Glenn, Pocahontas, Miss Minnie Tosh, Keeper of Records.

Cornet Falls Lodge No. 52, A. 0. U. W. Regular meetings second and fourth Friday evenings of each month at 8 o'clock, in Odd Fellows' Hall. Visiting brothers are always welcome. E. D. McKown, M. W. Earl Bigelow, Recorder. C. P. Rock, Financier.

Steadman Post No. 54 G. A. R. Regular meeting on the second and fourth Thursdays of each month. Visiting veterans are cordially invited. Richard Murphey, P. C. S. H. Blair, Adjutant.

Telluride Hose Company No. 1. Regular Meetings held the first Wednesday in each month at 8 o'clock p. m. at the Hose House. A. C. Heideloff, Foreman. Henry H. Tom.kins. Lewis H. Tomkins. Lewis C. Hunt.

♦ I 'Ql(JrKTNS 1 ~VJ. \1.~ nardutare Company. Wholesale and Retail Mine and Mill HARDWARE. SUPPLIES. Te11uttide, Coto.

L. L. Nunn, President. A. M. Wrench, Cashier. L. A. Balley, Vice President. J. M. Jardine, Ass't. Cashier. FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF TELLURIDE, COLORADO. Capital $75,000 _ Surplus and Undivided Profits, $t3,750.

E. L. SLEEPER & co.,. 1¢>- Confectionery, News, Stationery, Cigars, Tobacco, Etc. We Always Keep the Best of Ooods. Telluride, Colo. San 11.iguei County Mines. ATTICA. R. Neely, W. H. Gabbert, J.B. Tendick, Ophir, Ohpir districtj 1 claim, mill run per ton $80, not patented, tunnel 1500 feet, working force 5, gold and silver proposition. ALLEGHANY Taylor & Leonard, Teliuride, 7 claims, mill run GROUP. per ton $7.50, pay streak 3 feet, 2000 foot tunnel, 20 stamp mill, 4 tables, working, gold $7.00, silver 4 ounces per ton, tram way one-half mile long. ADAMS & HILGENHANS Telluride, claim 2,500 feet, mill & CRAlvlER. run per ton $19.00, vein 4 feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, 500 foot tunnel, working, gold $19.00, free milling. BADGER. A. T. Hathaway, Telluride, U. P. Yeager, manager, one claim, mill run per ton $40, development 5,000 feet, working force 10, gold, patented.

BELLE CHAIVIPION. McKay Bros., Pittsburg, Pa., M. E. Al- bert, Saw Pit, manager, 7 claims, mill run per ton $40.00, vein 16 feet, tunnel 800 feet, monthly output 200 tons, working force 7, gold, silver, 20 per cent lead.

BESSIE. The San Juan Gold Mining Co., Telluride and Milwau- kee, Wisconsin, 22 claims and iunnel site, development 4500 feet, output monthly 6,000 tons, mill rolls etc., working force 150, gold, silver. BFST AND SECOND BEST S. E. Spencer, Telluride, J. J. AND SCR.AN'TON. Harris, Dolores, Mt. Wilson dis- trict, claims 3, mill run per ton 1150.00, pay streak 6 inches, for sale, bond and lease, development 65 feet, gold $150.00. This is a good property. 26 SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. BOHEMIA. Hilgenhans & 1IcEwen owners, Telluride, near Gold King, claim 1, mil] run per ton $14.00, vein two feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 400 feet, gold $14.00, free milling.

BUTTERFLY. K. Benson, owner, Ophir Loop, Ophir Loop district, claims 2, mill run per ton $48.00, pay streak 3 feet, tunnel 1800 feet, have plant, mill and tramway, working force 20, gold $8.00, silver $40.00.

C. B. & Q. E. L. Sleeper, John Gault, J. S. Ohert and D. Mc­ Cloud, owners, Telluride, upper San l\iliguel mining district, 1 claim, vein 2 feet, for sale, tunnel 20 feet, gold.

CARLOTTA. Jno. L. Roper & Co., Telluride, leased by W. McWilliams, 1 claim, mill run per ton $20.00, vein 4 feet, pay streak 14 inches, patented, £or sale, bond and lease, tunnel 200 feet, gold $5.00, silver $5.00, lead 2 per cent, copper 10 per cent per ton.

CARRIBEAN AND Carribean Mining & Milling Company, MONTEZUMA. Ophir, C. S. Newton, manager, Ophir, Iron Springs district, 2 claims, mill run per ton $35.00, patented, development 7000 feet, output monthly 280 tons, concentrates, 20 stamp mill, working force 60, gold $8.00 silver $27.00 per ton.

COLOR.ADO. R. C. Cameron, Jno. Floherty, owners, Telluride, Bell Creek district, 4 claims, mill run per ton $75, patented, :for sale, 200 foot tunnel, working force 4, gold $73, silver 7 ounces. COLUIVIBIA MENONA Telluride, Savage Basin, one claim, MINING CO. mill run per ton $8.00, vein three feet, tunnel 2000 feet, output monthly 1000 tons, working force fifteen,patented, twenty stamp mill, one-quar­ ter mile tramway, gold $8.00, silver ten ounces per ton. SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. 27 COPPER BELL Harry Manny and John Hartman owners, Telluride, one claim, vein two feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel thirty feet, working force two, copper.

CONTENTION E. A. Hackiey, W. B. Van Atta and others. GROUP. Mr. Dickerman manager, Telluride, upper San Miguel district, pay streak 4 feet, 400 foot tunnel, working force 34, the vein runs from $50.00 to $200.00 a ton and varies from two feet to 10 feet in thickness, the fourth level is in 1,600 feet.

COXEY GROUP. The Saw Pit Mining and Milling Company J. C. Reuter, manager Saw Pit. Lone Cave district, 4 claims, vein 6 feet, tunnel 70 feet, working force 9, gold $22.00, silver $15.00.

CIMARRON HECTOR Telluride, H. Reed manager, Ouray, MININ'G COlVIPANY. Marshall Basin district, 1 claim, mill run per ton $10.00, pay streak 3 feet, development 3,000 feet, monthly output 1,000 tons, 20 stamp mill, patented, working force 80, gold $8.00, silver $2.00 ton.

DOUBLE EAGLE G. T. Simonton owner, Telluride, Bridal Veil GROUP. Basin district, 4 claims, assay value $100 to $5,000, mill run $68.00 per ton, vein averages 4 feet, pay streak averages 2 feet, tunnel and shaft, working, gold $68.00 to $5,000, silver 8 ounces, 5 tons shipped recently, smelter returns $68.00 per ton. This property shows free gold on surface at points for a distance of 1,200 feet.

ESTELLA LODE. James McPherson owner, Telluride, Navajo Basin district, 1 claim, mill run per ton $120, vein 8 inches, pay streak 8 inches, tunnel 80 feet, working, gold $120.

EUCLID CUE. E. Sleeper, Telluride, (lessee) Bear Creek dis­ trict, 1 claim, mill run pe·r ton $15.00. pay streak 28 SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. 30 inches, pa.tented, tunnel 250 feet, working force 6, gold $15.00 ton.

G. A. R. Henry Williams, P. Stinewandel, owners, Telluride, Lone Cave district, 2 claims, mill run per ton $150.00 pay streak, 8 inches, tunnel 250 feet, working force 3, gold $75.00 silver $75.

GOLD AND SILVER N. A. & B. C. Exploration Company, CHIEF. Telluride, 2 claims, mill run per ton $20.00 pay streak 30 inches, patented, develop­ ment 1,000 feet, working force 50, gold $17.50, silver $1.50, new mill 20 stamps, tramway 2¼ miles long.

GRAY EAGLE NO. f. T. E. Thomas owner, Telluride, 2 claims, AND NO. 2. mill run per ton $12.00, vein 4 feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, shaft 40 feet, tunnel 20 feet, working force 4, gold $9.00 silver $3.00.

GOLDEN CROSS. N. A. Exploration Company, E. J. Field, STAR GAlER. manager, Telluride, John Wolf, foreman, Telluride, 2 claims, mill run per ton $10, monthly output 1,000 tons, patented, tramway 1 mile long, gold proposition, free milling.

GOLD K.IN'G. San Miguel Consolidated Company, L. L. Nunn, manager, Teiluride, Goid King Ba.sin district, 1 claim, mill run per ton $10, pay streak 3 feet, patented, de­ velopment 3,000 feet, output monthly 1,500 tons, working force 30, gold proposition, 40 stamp mill, tramway. This property has produced hundreds of thousands of dollars.

GALENA LION. Wolf, Telluride, Sullivan & Rodd of Denver, Red Mountain district, 1 claim, vein 8 feet, pay streak 2 feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 1,000 feet, sil­ ver 7 ounces, lead 40 per cent. SAN MIGUEL OOUNTY. 29 GOLD CROWN. Jones McPherson, Brooks Jrione, Tellu­ GOLDEN FILECE. ride, upper San Miguel district, claims 2, mill run per ton $160, vein 6 inches, for sale, tunnel and shaft 150 feet, gold, silver.

HENRIETTA. Grant Snider, A. R. Cushman, Telluride, upper San Miguel district, prospect, 1 claim, mill run per ton $28, pay streak 30 inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 210 feet, working force 6, stamp mill, gold $28 ton.

HIGH LINE. Cole & Steele owners, Grand Junction, Ophir district, 4 claims, patented, development 1500 feet, gold and silver.

IRON CAP. A. C. Jensen, Saw Pit, 3 claims, mill run per ton $38, vein 14 feet, development 300 feet, monthly output 60 tons, working force 6, gold, silver, lead 28 per cent ton.

JAPAN NO. t AND NO. 2. JapanMillingCompany, Walter T. Beam, Telluride, S claims, concentrates mill run per ton $20, development 3000 feet, tonage monthly 1000, working force 65, 20 stamp mill, concentrates average about $100 per ton, gold, silver and lead.

JIM CORBETT. Blake Lewis Arnspiger, Saw Pit, 3 claims, mill run per ton $38, tunnel 300 feet, working force 8, gold, silver, 25 per cent lead. LA JUNTA. E. E. Runkle estate, L. L. Nunn manager, Tellu­ ride, La Junta Basin, 1 claim, mill run per ton $25, development 700 feet, working force 5, gold $25 per ton.

LIBERTY BELL. N. S. & B. C. Mining Company, J. W. Mercer manager and superintendent, Telluride, 5 claims, mill run per ton $14, development 1400 feet, patented, working force 15, gold and silver, tramway 10,300 feet, 40 capacity. The new mill will be in operation soon, 10 stamps will be used for awhile, the mill is built for 80 stamps. 80 SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. LITTLE MARY. Weoring Brothers (lessees) Telluride, 1 claim, pay streak 15 inches, 130 foot tunnel, working force 6, gold, silver.

LILLIE BELL R. F. & .A.. C. Bayly, Animas postoffice Cola dis­ trict, 2 claims, mill run per ton $50, pay streak 4 inches, for sale, development 150 feet, working, $40 gold, $10 silver.

LIZZIE G. W. H. Wheeler and Gurly Investment Company, Denver, W. H. Wheeler manager and superintendent, Saw Pit, 4 claims, mill run per ton $50, vein 40 inches, develop­ ment 900 feet, tonnage monthly 300 tons, working force 8, gold, sil­ ver, lead 25 per cent.

MAYFLOUR GROUP. E. L. Davis owner, Telluride, upper San Miguel Mining district, 4 claims, mill run per ton $20, pay streak 30 inches, patented, for sale, bond and lease, 1,000 foot tunnel, working, $20 gold, free milling.

MARLAND GROUP. W.W. Cramer, S. R. Fitzgerrald, Tellu- ride, 3 claims, mill run per ton $18, veins average 10 feet, pay streak average 15 inches, patented, for sale, 2 tunnels 90 and 100 feet, gold and silver.

MERRY GROUP. Hyatt and Crawford owners, Ophir, 4claims, Tunnel 40 feet, working force 3, gold, silver.

MOUNTA.m LION. S. E. Spencer, Telluride, 1 claim, mill run per ton $150, for sale, bond and lease, tun­ nel 200 feet, gold.

MOUNTA.m MARIA. Grant Snider, H. Doyle and J. L. Glenn, owners, Telluride, upper San Miguel Mining district, 4 claims, mill run per ton $22, pay streak 25 inches, for sale, bond and lease, 125 foot tunnel, working force 4, gold, 10 stamp mill. SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. 31 MARIE ANTOINNETTE D. Martin, P. Davis, J. Mulkey, GROUP. owners, Telluride, I claim, mill run per ton $35, tunnel 100 feet, working force 3, gold, this property is an excellent proposition and it promises to be one of the best producers of high grade mineral in San Miguel county

MELDRUM TUNNEL Andy Meldru1n, manager, Telluride, COMPANY. development 1800 feet, working force of 25 men.

The Great Meldrum Tunnel. The magnitude of this enterprise is not grasped by the average man until a trip has been made to the workings. Ma­ chinery that runs the big air compressors is modern in every way, this supplies the drills. From 180 to 250 pounds of powder are used every shift. The shots a.re put off by electricity. ·The tun­ nel is Sxl0 feet and will be enlarged to 12x16 feet or large enough for a common narrow guage locomotive, and will be four and one­ half miles long when completed. Two shifts are working and are breaking from 15 to 18 feet of rock every twenty-four hours, work is also in progress at the Ironton end of the tunnel. It will take a long time, even with the 1noder11 methods in use and by working at both ends, to cut out the four and one-half miles intervening. The valuable veins cut in this tunnel will in all probability pay the expense of driving it. When completed there are many things that will combine to make it a profitable enterprise, although the cost of its construction will reach nearly $15,000!000.

NORTH CIDCAGO. C. and S. Kirkeley and others, Telluride, upper San Miguel mining district, 2 claims, patented, for sale, 700 foot tunnel, gold.

NEW KLONDIKE. E. A. Tuller, F. B. Roberts, .A. T. Hatha_ way, E. H. Van Endort, Telluride, 5 claims, 32 SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. large vein, 3 tunnels 100 feet each, gold proposition, will put in machinery in spring.

NELLIE AND ELLA. E. J. Fields, manager, Jno. Wolf, fore- man, Teiluride, Bear Creek district, 2 claims, mill run per ton $15, vein 2 feet, pay streak 2 feet,. pat­ ented, tunnel 2,000 feet, working force 2, gold, tramway I¼ miles long, this property $200,000.

NAVAJO. J. F. Hart, O\Yner, Dolores county, Lone Cave dis- trict, one claim, vein 3 feet, pay streak 20 inches, development 60 feet, gold $9,-silver 50 ounces.

PHILADELPHIA GOLD MINING Bridal Veil Basin district, AND MILLING CO. F. L. Butterfield, manager, Telluride, 6 claims, vein 3 feet to 12 feet, tunnel, working force 16, gold proposition, building 10 stamp mill to be completed January 1st, 1899.

PHILADELPHIA AND F. L. Butterfield and others, prospect, RICHM:OND. Bridal Veil Basin district, Telluride, 1 claim, vein 4 feet, pay streak 1 to 4 feet, fifty feet tunnel, gold.

PROTECTION. W. W. Cramer and S. R. Fitzgerald owners, Telluride, one claim, mill run per ton $40 to $100, vein four feet, pay streak eighteen inches, for sale, bond and lease, 600 foot tunnel, gold, silver and lead.

ROCK. OF AGES J. F. Hart owner, Saw Pit, Dolores county, AND PEAK VIEW Lone Cave district, two claims, mill run per ton $110, vein twelve inches, 500 foot tunnel, working force ten, gold $100, silver twenty ounces per ton.

SAN lVIIGUEL Hamburg, Champion and Butterfly, L. CONSOLIDATED CO. L. Nunn manager, Telluride, Bear Creek district, six claims, mill run per ton $5, pay streak three feet, SAN MIGUEL COUNTY. 83 patented, development 3000 feet, working, gold proposition, 120 stamp mill, tramway one-half mile long.

SILVER CHIEF William Trout, Frank Homes and Alva Adams ( Governor Colorado) Bear Creek district, three claims, ·mill run per ton $12, pay streak five feet, patented, shaft 500 feet, upris'3 100 feet; working force ten, gold $6, silver $6 per ton, ten stamp mill.

SILVER BET,L. E. E. Bsssett lessee, Ames postoffice, Iron Springs district, one claim, patented, develop­ ment 4500· feet, output monthly eighty tons, working force twelve, silver proposition.

SUNSHINE GROUP. George Rohewer and C. F. Painter, Tel- luride, Trout Lake district, three claims, mill run per ton $60 pay streak three feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 600 feet, working force two, gold $10, silver $50 per ton, thirty per cent lead, mill site.

SILVER PIOC. Mt. Wilson Gold and Silver Mining Oo., F. Mason superintendent, F. C. Alsdorf manager, Wilson postoffice, mill run per ton $48,· patented, development seven levels, 10,000 feet, output monthly 12,000 tons, working force 115 men, gold and silver.proposition, ten stamp mill, tramway one mile long.

SHOEIVIAKER. George Shoemaker, J. M. McCuen·, owners, Telluride, Ophir district, three claims, mill run per ton $20, pay streak two feet, patented, tunnel 500 feet, output monthly 400 tons, working force ten, gold and silver.

SPECIAL SESSION GROUP. E. L. Davis, James McEwen, Telluride, Mt. Wilson, six claims, 160 acres placer ground, mill run per ton $40, pay streak fifteen inches, for sale, bond and lease, development 1200 feet, working force four, gold. 34 BAN MIGUEL COUNTY. SWEE·fHEART. Gallaway Bros., Bed Rock postoffice, Montrose county, six claims, pay streak 14 inches, tun­ nel 410 feet, gold, silver and lead.

SUFFOLK. GROUP. Suffolk Gold Mining and Milling Co., W. J. Thomas superintendent; Ophir postoffice, W~ J. Scoutt gene~al manager, Kearney, Neb. Mill run per ton $61, patented, development 12,000 feet, output monthly 12,000 tons, working force forty, gold and silver, forty stamp mill, tramway two miles long.

SAN BERNARDO. San Bernardo Mining Co., P. A. Lilley superintendent, San Bernardo postoffice, Ophir district, one claim, mill run per ton $170, concentrates, patented, development 5,000 feet, output monthly 120 tons con­ centrates, working force fifteen, gold and silver, twenty stamp mill, tramway.

THOMAS NO. i. T. E. Thomas owner, Telluride,. one claim, mill run per ton $15, pay streak three feet, for sale, patented, development 1,000 feet, working force two, gold.

THOMAS GROUP. T. E. Thomas owner, Telluride, upper San Miguel district, three claims, mill run per ton $15, pay streak three feet, patented, for sale, development 250 feet, working force two, gold.

THOMAS NO. 2. T. E. Thomas owner, Telluride, upper San Miguel district, one claim, mill run per ton $20, pay streak two feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel thirty feet, working force ten, gold $20.

THE· SMUGGLER N. S. Mansfield ~eneral superintendent, UNION MININ'G CO. Telluride, forty-seven claims patented, development twenty-seven miles of tunnel, stoping, shafts, etc., output monthly 6,000 tons, working force, 250, fifty stamp mill, hoisting plant, two miles of levels, gold and silver proposition. BAN MIGUEL OOUNTY. 35 This company has enough ore blocked out to run the mill for ten years hence. Lessees on this property are reported as doing ex­ ceedingly well.

THE TOM BOY GOLD London, New York and Telluride, MININ'G CO. Mr. Herron, manager, Telluride, Up- per San Miguel district, 25 claims, nearly all patented, output monthly 4,500 tons, working force 150, monthly output is variously estimated at $90,000 to $125,000, there are 8 Huntington mills in the plant, the ore is free milling, the Tom Boy vein is the largest in the district, being from ten to sixteen feet wide.

VALLEY VIEW Valley View Gold Mining Company, capitali­ GROUP. zation $200,000, shares $5.00 each, L. S. Wood, general manager, Telluride, claims 7, patented, development 5,000 foot tunnel and shaft, output monthly 700 tons, working force 30, gold, free milling, 10 stamp mill, tramway, 2,000 feet, hoisting plant.

W , OF FORTUNE. The Invincible Mining Co., Denver, Lone Cave District, 4 claims, 2 pat­ ented, development 700 feet, working force 4, gold and silver.

WATERLOO. J. F. M. Dunlop, Telluride, 1 claim, mill run per ton $7.00, pay streak 4 feet, development 500 feet, working force 6, gold. A mill run of 50 tons is to be made shortly and in the spring the company will erect a mill to take care of the product now. on the dumps and opened up in the mme.• firt=Proof

~: COMPLETE STOCK Specifications for Building Fire­ Proof Vaults Furnished on Application. T E llTIO llll Cannon Breeeh

<:; aoundDoor • !i1:;°~:pf!v!1:!: Buirgtatt ..Pt1oof SAfE. be introduced. Co!flfespondenee mith Banke11s solieited. E. T. WEIAfiT, 501--503 16th St. DEJ1tE1t, COLO. LA PLATA COUNTY. Produced in 1897, $30,388.96, for 1898 there will be an in­ crease of at least one-third over that of 1897. La Plata county is one of the southwest border counties. Since its original organization, by territorial legislation, in 1874, several counties have been segregated. As now constituted, it has an area of 1,840 square miles. The adjoining counties are San Juan on the north; Hinsdale and Archuleta on the east; Mon­ tezuma on the west and New Mexico on the south. The county is well watered and drains through several streams. The La Plata and tributaries carry the waters in the western, the Las Animas and Florida in the central and the Las Pinos in the eastern parts of the county. The Needle mountains cover the northern part of the county and are quite rugged, containing several peaks that reach an alti­ tude of 14,000 feet. They are made up of metamorphic and eruptive rocks resting upon a granite floor. Traveling south from the mountains to the south boundary line of the county, the sedimentary strata ranging from the carboniferous to the ter­ tiary, inclusive, would be crossed. In the west part of the county are the La Plata mountains, a small group standing out separate and alone from the main mountain chains that make up the San J nan country. Several peaks rise to an altitude of over 13,000 feet, the most noted being Mt. Hesperus, the boundary between La Plata and Montezuma counties. In many respects the geological structure of this district is similar to .that of Leadville-the difference being that the in­ trusive beds or sheets at Leadville occur between older sedimen­ tary stratas than in La Plata district. 38 LA PLATA COUNTY. This county is locally divided into four mining districts, viz: N eeclle Mountain, Cascade, Bowman and California. The first three named embrace the Needle Mountain territory in the north part of the county. Mining in this section has been carried on in a desultory manner for years. The ores are sulphid~s of lead, copper and iron carrying low values in gold and silver. These occur in fissure veins, associated with a quartzose gangue. The California mining district embraces the larger part and eastern slope of the La Plata mountains, in the west part of the county. During 1897 this section has shown greater activity than for years. La Plata contains a large area of valuable coal beds. This industry was stimulated by the advent of a railroad, in July, 1881; later by the extension of a branch line up the Animas river to Silverton in 1882, and still later by the completion of the Rio Grande Southern from Ridgeway via Telluride and Rico to Durango. These lines afford a market for the product in all the leading centers of the "San J nan Country.'' The coal is bitumin­ ous of a superior quality, and a large portion yields a coke also of superior quality. Mineral springs, hot and cold, are numerous. The most prominent are Pinkerton and Trimble. The latter is well improved, with good bath houses and cottages, and is one of the leading resorts for pleasure and health in this section. Mills.

DAILY N.um. LoOATION. CHARAOTBlt. CAPAOXTY.

Omaha and Grant .••••••. Durango •.•..•.•.••.•. Smelter .....••.••.••.•••..••••.•.• "10, tons Durango . • . . • . . • . . •. . • . • . . Durango ...... • . . . • . Smelter . . . . •. • • • • •• •• • • . • • • • • • . .••.•. Idle · Durango Ore ' ampler .... Durango ...... ••••••• Public sampler ....•••..•..••..•.•400 tons Little· Kate .••••••.•.••••• La Plata ...... •. Amal., 20 stamps ....•..•••..••.••.•GO tons Cumberland••••.••••••..•. Cumberland Basin ..•. Amal and conct. 25 stamps .•.••.•.60 tons Pret. • . • •• • . • • •• • • . • •• • . . . . La Piat.a. • • • • •• • • • • • • • • Brom.ination • • . • . • • • • . • . • • • • • • • .••• 10 'tc>ns Baker . . • • . • • • •• . • • • . . • • • . . La Plata . . • . . • . • . • . . • . Amal., 10 sta.mps...... • . . • • • . •• . •••• 20 tons Fair.field .•••.•..•.••....•. La Plata ...... Amal. and conct., 10 stamps .....•.20tons Columbus.... • • • . •• • • • • • . . La Piata.. • . . • •. • . • • • • Amal. and conct • . • . . . . . • . • • • • . •.•. 40 tons Lewis .••••••••••..••••••.• Lewis Gulch •••••••••• Amal. and conct., 20 stamps ...••• . CK>tons Oro Fino •••••••.•.••.••.•. Junction Creek ..•.... Amal. and conct., 10 st.amps ...•••. 25 tons Snowstorm ..•••..•••••••.. Junction Creek ...... Amal. and conet., 10 stamps ...... 25tons Livinggood . • . • . • • • • . • • . . . Needles • • • • • . • .. . • • • . • . Conct ••.••••••.•.••••.•••• ~ • • • . . .••. 25: tona LA PL.A.TA COUNTY. 89

San Jaun County, New Mexico. Durango is situated near the boundary line which separates La Plata county, Colorado, from San Juan county, New Mexico, and is the shipping point and distributing place for the mining camps and mountain towns of the southwest. San Juan county is watered by the Pinos, Animas, La Plata and San Juan rivers; furnishing a complete system of irrigation. Cereals, grasses, fruits and vegetables flourish in this soil. This county contains enormous coal fields-inexhaustible supplies of anthracite, lignite, bituminous and coking coal of the finest quality, and other minerals, such as fire clay, gypsum and good building stone. Farmington is a prosperous town of 800 people, surrounded by a rich farming and fruit belt.. Aztec, the county seat, has a population of 800, and is located on the Animas river twenty miles south of the Colorado state line in the heart of a fine fruit growing and agricultural region. An abundance of large and small fruits are shipped from this county. It is estimated thf!\t 15,000,000 lbs of fruit were shipped from this county in 1897. Great quantities of wine are shipped each year.

Durango.==County Seat. Durango, the leading commercial center and county seat, occupies a central position in the county on the banks of the Las Animas river, and is a natural center for southwest Colorado. The natural resources are prolific, and nothing is lacking that is demanded for the support of a much larger metropolitan city and commercial center than now exists. 40 LA PLATA COUNTY. What Durango Has. Population, 3,500. Public school. Three banks. Four churches. Two daily papers. One abstract office. One weekly paper. Five barber shops. Six grocery stores. Two clothing stores. One security company .. Fire department. Twelve saloons. Two laundries. One brewery. Three insurance agents. Five restaurants. Two undertakers. Five livery stables. Two assayers. Eight hotels. GEO. J. E:RKLICB:, PALACE lIO'rEL, Assayer, Chemist and Ore W. S. UcNeely, Prop. Shipper's Agent. Bates $1.50 and $2 per cla7. Five blacksmith shops. Durango. One electric plant. :BLAIN :EOTEL, One electric street railway. Chas. Fleck, Prop. Three hardware stores. iates$2perday. Sample Booms One furniture store. Durango, Colo. One ticket broker. Five meat markets. S. W. PING:KE?, Four drug stores. Beal Estate and Loan.as :Rail­ road and Steamship 'l'icket Jno. E. Smith's Pharmac7, :Broker. Durango. Largest drug stock in the south• west. C. E. Gray, Ph. G. Kgr. Two shoe stores. Durango. Three gents' furnishing stores. One commission merchant. Three lumber yards. Twelve doctors. K. A. :S:rachvogel A Co., Fifteen lawyers. Commission Kerohanta, Three millinery stores. Durango. LA PLATA COUNTY. 41

Animas City.-Population 100.

Hesperus.-Population 150.

La Plata, Mining Town.-300,

THE MORNING DEMOCRAT, EVERY DAY EXCEPT MONDAY. R. M. Foree, Managing Editor. A daily having the Associated Press franchise. Suhsctiption, By mail, per month 60 cts. By the year $6.00. By carrier, per month 75 cts. Durango, - - Colorado.

$2.00 Cbt £a Plata mintr, PER YEAR. Tbe 011ly Ne'\tfspaper Publi$becl iQ tt,is 1rea.t 1olcl can,p. O C. -E~::o~KAND PROPRIETOR. [a Plata, £010.

Published every The Wage Ea:rrne:rr, Thursday•

. . It• a. PBB:Pl.tBS & Co. . ft. c. Wf{SSI.tBit, :Sus. l'IISJlf. Terms of Subscription-One year $1; Six months .50; Three months .35.

, . The Durango Foundry •. and Machine Company, /'\ill aod f'\i11i11g f'\act,ii,~ry. Rtpair wor~ pron,ptly ~xecut4td. DURI\NGO, COLO. 42 LA PLATA. COUNTY. Officials and Lodges of Durango.

City Officials.

Mayor .. - - A. L. Harris Clerk • - - J. W. Greenfield Treasurer - - - - F. R. Graham Attorney - - - - • - T. J. Jackson Supt. Water Works - - - • James Gorman· Chief Fire Department, • - Geo. Goodman Councilmen- 1st ward Charles Weihe, Austin Hedges 2d ward - - - W. T. Darlington, H. Schrader 3d ward - - - - F. H. Rivers, K Coney 4th ward - - J. C. Bradley, D. R. Barton

Lodges.

Masom, Meetings first and third Thursday of each month. N. C. Miller, Master.· C. A. Pike, Sen. Warden.

Duranro Lod,:e, No. 48, I. 0. 0. F. Meets every Friday even- ing. James Sleeth. N. G. G. W. Caviness, Secy.

Duranro Hiv~, No. 12, L. 0. T. M. Meets in I. 0. 0. F. hall second and fourth Tuesday afternoons and first and third Tuesday nights of each month. Mrs. Minne Benson, L. C. Mrs. Lottie Sanford, L. B. K.

Aztec Ca~P, No. 30, Woodmen of the World. Meetings second and fourth Wednesdays in each month. Schutt Building. J. C. Sanford. C. 0. O. A. Pike, Clerk. LA PLAT.A. COUNTY. 48 $melter City Tent, No.15, K. 0. T. :M. Meets every Friday even• ing at Bicker's hall. Frank H. Rivers, Sir Kn't. Com. E. S. Whitehead, R. K.

Montezuma Lodre, No. 22, Knights of Pythias. Meets every Monday evening in Odd Fellows' hall. Geo. A. A. Sellick, 0. 0. Geo. D. Woods, K. of B. & S.

5eoe-wick Poat No. 12, G. A. B. Meets every second and fourth Tuesday evenings of each month in Ricker's hall. Jno. W. Wingate, Post Commander. H. F. Tower, Post Adjutant.

Improved Ore.fer of Red Men. Meets every Tuesday night. John English, Sachem. Wm. Palmquist, Keeper of Records.

])aurhten of America. Durango Council No. 10, meets ever, second and fourth Monday nights at I. 0. 0. F. ball. Mrs. Sarah Barne, C. 0. B. Brown, Sec.

Jt• O. U. A. M. San Juan· Council No. 24. Meets every Monday night at Bicker's hall. U. W. Fearing, 0. H. A. Saterlee, Sec. 44 LA PLATA COUNTY. ASHLAND. A. B. Lewis, Durango, ten acres, mill ran per ton $75, vein six feet, pay streak fifteen inches, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 200 feet, working force six, tel­ lurium. ANNA. P. F. Greggs and Adams, California district, La Plata mountains, one claim, mill run $90 per ton, pay streak twelve inches, for sale, tunnel 150 feet, gold $20, silver $70 per ton, leased. ALTRURIA. J. Seyfor, Silverton, Rodgers, Myga.l & Gunter, one claim, mill run averages $108 per ton~ vein two feet, pay streak six inches, for sale or lease, tunnel 106 feet, working force four, gold $8, silver $100 per ton. AN'TI-PERIODIC GROUP. Mrs. Salmhofer, Durango, six claims, four patented, mill run $40, vein six feet, pay streak three feet, for sale, tunnel 600 feet, plant, tram­ way, working force six, gold $18, silver $15perton,lead ten per cent.

BLIND TOM. P. F. Griggs, Durango, California district, ons claim, mill run $40 per ton, vein four feet, pay streak ten inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel seventy-five feet, gold $20, silver $20_ per ton.

BAUER & CO. Mancos, Colo., prospect, Sundown, ten and one- third acres, mill run per_ ton $10 to $47, free milling, vein one to three feet, pay streak one to three feet, for sale, tunnel 150 feet, working force ten.

BELL HANIILTON. Prospect, A. R. Lewis, La Plata district, blanket vein, silver forty ounces, copper forty per cent.

COLUMBUS GOLD S. R. Thompson superintendent, La Plata MINING CO. district, Columbus, three claims, mill run $34, vein nine feet, pay streak nine feet, shaft 200 feet, tunnel 1500 feet, plant, working force thirty, gold '30 per ton, silver eight ounces. LA PLATA COUNTY. 45 CLYDESDALE. M. Richardson, La Plata, California district, one claim, mill run per ton $40, vein four feet, pay streak six inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 800 feet, gold $40 per ton.

COMSTOCK. George Bauer, Mancos, Colorado; twenty acres, mill run $10, vein four feet, pay streak six inches to two feet, shaft 800 feet, gold and silver, $40,000 output.

DURANGO GIRL A. D. Liner, Durango, California district, one claim, mill run per ton $300, vein threa feet, pay streak ten inches, tunnel 600 feet, working force four, gold and .silver, $800 per ton.

D. & R. G. Joseph Steinegger, Durango, California district, one claim, mill run per ton $48, pay streak six inches, tunnel 225 feet, working force two, gold $10, silver $38 per ton.

PHILIP DEN'TIN'CHER N eedleton, six claims, mill run per ton & COMPANY. $25, vein five feet, pay streak two feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 600 feet, gold and silver, copper ten per cent.

ENTERPRISE Mll\fING CO. Rico, Durango county, twenty claims, mill run per ton $25, patented, tunnel thirty-six miles, working force 120. Has pro­ duced millions.

EUREKA 1VIINE. A. R. Lewis owner, Durango, one claim, mill run $20, vein four feet, pay streak fourteen inches, patented, for sale, bond and lease, 800 foot tunnel, not working, gold and silver, produced $40,000.

EAGLE PASS. Lewis & Hetchman, Durango, La Plata district, claim te~ acres, mill run per ton $100, vein four feet, pay streak ten inches, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tun­ nel 500 feet, tellurium. 46 LA PLATA OOUNTY. HOME STAKE. Joseph Steinegger, Durango, California dis- trict, one claim, mill run per ton, $40, pay streak ten inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 150 feet, work­ ing force two, gold $4, silver $85.

IDAHO NO. t AND 2. Schiffer Bros., Alamosa, two claims, mill run, per ton $35, vein three feet, pay streak two feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 1500 feet, output 800 tons, gold $27, silver $8 per ton.

JEFF DAVIS. J. S. Sheek, Hesperus, California district, one claim, mill run per ton $75, pay streak eighteen inches, for sale, tunnel 100 feet, shaft forty-five feet, working force two, gold $40, silver $25 per ton. JENNIE LIND. J. S. Sheek, Hesperus, pay streak ten inches, tunnel 700 feet, gold, silver and copper.

UTTLE JANE GROUP E. H. Lunken, Denver, Con Reese, GOLD MINING CO. superintendent, La. Plata, California district, six claims, mill run per ton $200, vein eight feet, pay streak ten inches, contract let for 800 foot tunnel, working force six, gold $200 per ton.

Lll'iCOLN GROUP. Owners, D. B. Graham, J. W. Graham, George Butterbaugh, P. Wikson and J.M. Gage; E. Wikson manager. Denver, Needle mountains, three claims, vein large, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel and shaft, silver and lead.

LADY EL~. H. E. Peeples, Durango, California mining dis­ trict, one claim, vein six feet, pay streak twelve inches, for sale, bond and lease, gold $80 per ton.

LEGAL TENDER PROSPECT. J. S. Sheek, Hesperus, twenty claims, mill run per ton aver­ ages $225, vein large, pay streak three feet, for sale bond and LA PLATA OOUNTY. 47 lease, tunnel shaft 3,000 feet, output total $20,000, gold, silver and lead.

LAST CHANCE. Moses & Reese, La Plata, Pueblo, prospect, one claim, mill run per ton $200, pay streak twelve inches, for sale, bond and lease, surface drift, gold . and silTer.

LITTLE GEORGE. J. S. Sheek, Hesperus, La Plata mining dis- trict, one claim, mill run per ton $2,000, pay streak six inches, patented, shaft fifty feet, tunnel fifty feet, working force four, gold $2,000 silver seventeen ounces per ton.

MONTE CARLO. Dr. J. S. Dowdy, Durango, six claims, mill run per ton $20, pay streak eighteen inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 500 feet, working, gold $10, sil­ ver $10, some copper. Prof. Lake's report shows this to be the best located tunnel in the Needles.

NARRAGANSETT GROUP. E. L. Sleeper, Telluride, Ever­ man & Ross, Denver, pay streak two feet.

NEGLECl'ED$ Gaines & Anderson, Hermosa, Oro Fino district, one claim, mill run per ton $150, vein four feet, pay streak sixteen inches, gold eight ounces, silver three ounces per ton.

NORTH STAR. Geo. Bauer, Mancos, one claim, mill run per ton $9, vein five feet, pay streak five feet, for sale, tannel 500 feet, total output $5,000. The vein adjoins the Sundown.

MOUNTA.IN' Lll,LY. D. Shively and 0. F. Bogle, Durango, Colorado; California. mining district, one claim, miU run $100 per ton, vein three feet, pa.y streak six inches, patented, for sale, bond and lease, development 700 feet, 48 LA PLATA COUNTY. working force three, gold $100 per ton, silver $8 per ton. This property has produced $20,000. MOGUL AND CORY. S. F. May, Ward & Link, California mining district, two claims, mill run $30 per ton, pay streak eight inches, vein twenty inches, for sale, bond and lease, shaft ninety feet, working force two, gold $80 per ton, silver $9 per ton, copper twenty per cent and lead five per cent. R. PRETT, La Plata, Colorado, prospect and mine, group thirty claims, mill run per ton $250, patented, total output $25000, steam hoist, etc., working force twenty, tunnel.

RATTLER GROUP. Dr. Dowdy and J. L. Wynn, Durango, Colorado; three claims, vein four feet, tunnel fifty feet, for sale, gold, silver and copper. ROCKY. J. S. Sheek, Hesperus,. California district, two claims, mill run per ton $80, pay streak ten inches, for sale, bond and ]ease, shaft thirty.five feet, tunnel 100 feet, gold $40 per ton, silver $48 per ton. BESSJE G. J. L. Russell & Co., Durango, Colo.; claim ten acres, mill run per ton $10,000, vein three feet, pay streak seven inches,· for sale, is now leased, tunnels on vein, 500 feet, total output $75,000, working force ten, tellurium, large escess of gold.

TEl'iOERFOOT. Rush & Co., Mancos, Colorado; prospect, one claim, mill run per ton $15, vein two feet, pay streak two feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 100 feet.

SHOO FLY. P. F. Greggs, Durango, Colorado; La Plata dis.. trict, three claims, mill run per ton 250 ounces, vein thirty-six feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 845 feet, work­ ing force three, gold $20 per ton, silver 280 ounces, gold, silver and lead. LA PLAT£. OOUNTY. 49 SNOWSTORM Durango, Oolo.; B. W. Bitter, Indianapolis, MININ'G CO. Indiana.; Cumberland & Snowstorm, two claims, vein four feet, pay streak eighteen inches, pat­ ented, for sale, bond and lease, development 8,000 feet, total out­ put $75,000, gold and silver, mostly silver, tellurium proposition.

SOUTHERN BOY. J. S. Sheek, Hesperus, California district one claim, pay streak five inches, develep­ men t 200 feet, working force five.

ST. PAUL. Swan & Bloom, Durango, Needle Mountain district, four claims, mill run per ton $25, for sale, bond and lease, development 835 feet, gold seven per cent, silver thirty per cent and copper eight per cent.

SWISS COIYIPANY. Robert Prett manager, La Plata, Califor- nia mining district, La Plata mountain, Small Hope group, forty claims, mill run per ton $400, vein thirty inches, pay streak three inches, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 1500 feet, shaft 200 feet, plant, working force eight, gold $40, bromination mill.

SWISS COMPANY. Robert Prett manager, La Plata, Califor- nia mining district, Bryan, one claim, mill run per ton $80, vein six feet, pay streak seven inches, pat­ ented, development 110 feet, working force eight, gold $80.

PUZZLE. J. S. Sheek, Hesperus, California mining district, seven claims, mill run per ton $200, vein four feet to eight feet, for sale, bond and lease, development 225 feet, working force four, gold $100, silver 150 ounces, lead twelve per cent. THE AMERICAN !EAGLE. California mining district, M. Richardson manager, La Plata, prospect, one claim, mill run per ton $300, vein two feet, pay streak four inches, for sale, bond and lease, working force one, gold $300. 50 LA PLATA COUNTY. TEXAS GROUP. Prospect, Swan & Bloom, Durango, Colo.; four claims, mill run per ton $10, vein five feet, pay streak five feet, for sale, bond and lease, development 175 feet, copper 10 per cent.

HENRY THOMAS. Ija Plata, California m1n1ng district, seven claims, mill run per ton $50, vein four feet, pay streak fourteen inches, for sale, hon d and lease, de­ velopment 500 feet, workin~ force two, gold $50 per ton, silver eight ounces.

THE NEF.t>LE NOTCH MINING Needle Mountain mining AND MILLING COMPANY. district, W. W. Brookens, Boston, Massachusetts, L. B. Jordan, Boston, Massachusetts, John Lason manager, Needle­ ton, Colorado, twenty claims, vein five feet, tunnel 1000 feet, pat­ ented, working force four, g:?,ld_ $20, copper three per cent. THE GOLDEN LA PLATA Jam~.s T. Hicks, Durango, secre­ MINING CO. tary; La Plata, prospect, six claims, mill run per ton $45, vein three feet, pay streak twelve inches, patented, £or sale, develop­ ment sixty feet, workin~ force £our, gold $45.

THE ALLEN GOLD Pueblo, Colo.; L. E. Moses, Pueblo, MINING CO. (group) seven claims, free milling, pat- ented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 600 feet, surface work extension, twenty stamp mill, not working past year, gold varies.

BULLDOZER. Al. Thompsom & Co., Cortez, Colo., one claim, mill run per ton $1,200, vein four feet, pay streak fifteen inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 500 feet, total out­ put $20,000, working force three, tellurium.

TlP TOP. M. Richardson, La Plata, California mining district, one claim, mill run per ton $100, vein three feet, pay LA PLATA COUNTY. 51 streak six inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel BOO feet, gold $100, silver six ounces.

VALLEY VIEW. J. S. Sheek, Hesperus, California district, seven claims, mill run per ton $115, pay streak eighteen inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 125 feet, working force two, gold $10, silver $105.

VICTOR AND GRAND. Chas. E. Hurr, Durango, two claims, mill run $153, vein four feet, pay streak sixteen inches, patented, for sale, development 340 feet, gold two ounces, silver $384, lead ten per cent.

W. H. WHITON & CO. New York, forty-four claims, veins large, patented, tunnel 1000 feet.

NATIONAL. Prospect, John Wilkin, Rockwood postoffice, Cascade mining district, two claims, mill run per ton $34, vein three feet, pay streak six inches, for sale, bond and lease, shaft fifteen feet, working force two, gold $1, silver $33 per ton.

WIKERSON GROUP. Margaret Clark, Denver, La Plata, Cal- ifornia mining district, three claims, mill run per ton $50, vein three feet, pay streak twelve inches, patented, for sale, bond and lease, development 750 feet, gold $40, silver $20 per ton. Turbine AND Cascade Adapted to all Heads from 3 Feet to 2000 Feet Our experience of 36 YEARS building Water Wheels en­ ables us to suit every require­ ment of Water Power Plants. We guarantee satisfaction. Send for a Pamphlet of either Wheel and write full particulars. James Leff el & Co. SPRINGFIELD, OHIO, U.S.A.

LATERITE ROOFING, IS SIMPLY UNEQUALLED For MILLS AND ALL MINE BUILDINGS. It is far preferable to iron and other roofing materials, has a cloth center, is ~J.t up in rolls, Hght weight and easily freighted, is strong, durable and a non-conductor of heat and cold. IT NEVER NEE• >S PAINTING. For sale by Barnes & Co., Telluride; W. C. Chapman, Durango; S. P. Gut­ shall, Ouray; F. 0. Sherwood, Silverton; and general lumber dealers or write to us for prices and further information. TH[ W[ST[RN [LA T[RIT[ MFG. CO., OFFICES: 410-411 EQUITABLE BLDG. FACTORY; 300 TO 306 MARKET STREET. DENVER, COLO.

F. J. HULANISKI, SILVERITE-PLAIND EALER, EDITOR AND PUBLISHER. Subsaiption, $2.00 per year. Official County Paper. OURAY COUNTY. The mining history begins in 1875 with the location of claims now within the present city limits of Ouray. News ofrieh discoveries ca used many prospectors to enter the field, the major .. ity making additional locations and spending the winter of 1875 and 1876 in the camp which was laid out and named Ouray. The next few years witnessed active prospecting, the· location of numerous claims and the establishment of several local camps. Notwithstanding discouragements, prospecting and systematic development have continued, new producing mines added annu­ ally and field of operations extended. The total production for 1897, $2,701,499.03, will be surpassed greatly in 1898. Ouray is one of the central San Juan counties in southwest Colorado. It was created by act of legislature in 1877, but through subsequent acts, has been shorn of the major portion of its domain. It is now one of the small but important counties of the state, in area containing 450 square miles. The adjoining counties are Montrose on the north; Gun­ nison, Hinsdale and San Juan on the east; San Juan and San Miguel on the south, and San Miguel and Montrose on the weat. The city of Ouray, the county seat and leading commer­ cial point, is located in the southern part of the county in a nat­ ural amphitheatre. A direction given to a.pioneer so as to enable him to find Ouray may be appropriately quoted: When _you strike the Uncompahgre river, follow it up on the left hand side, "Keep goin' until you can't go no further, can't tell how you got in or can't see your way out and you are at Ouray.'' This condi­ tion, while literally true at that time, has been somewhat modified 54 OURAY OOUNTY. and the surrounding mining districts made accessible by good wagon roads and trails. The leading mining districts are in the southern portion of the county, embracing a portion of the Uncompahgre mountains, recognized as one of the most rugged mountain chains in the state. The drainage is through the Uncompahgre river and its tributaries. This stream rises in a mountain pass forming the south county boundary and flows approximately north throughout the county. A few miles below its source it enters a, narrow valley that gradually widens into a. park, one-half mile wide and four miles long. The south end of the county is known as the Red Mountain_ mining district, the main mining centers being at Guston and Red Mountain. These, with Ironton, are the shipping points for the ores of the district. West of Red Mountain is Commodore Gulch, east; Corkscrew Gulch. East 0£ Ironton is Grey Copper Gulch, and over the intervening range, Poughkeepsie Gulch, the upper end lying practically parallel to the park, but later, swing­ ing to the west and joining the Uncompahgre in the canon. North of Poughkeepsie is Bear Creek,a gulch that has until com­ paratively recently almost defied even the trail builder. This gulch has an approximate east and west strike, and Bear Creek dashes into the Uncompahgre river over_ a 300-foot precipice, forming Bear Creek falls. The wagon road above described passes over the top of these falls. The general geological structure of this region_ may be briefly described by following the Uncompahgre river from Dal­ las south. Between Dallas and Ouray the sedimentary beds from the late Cretaceous to the Jura-Trias, inclusive are exposed. These beds have a comparatively uniform dip of :fifteen degrees to the north, but are more or less disturbed by east and west faults with slight throw. Nearer Ouray numerous vertical dikes cut through the beds and in places send out intrusive sheets of lava between the strata. The carboniferous limestones are ex- OURAY COUNTY, 55 posed at and around Ouray,. but these lie unconformable to the uniform stratas on the north. Entering the canon proper, the section furnished by erosion shows the carboniferous limestones to be succeeded by a series of distinctly stratified quartzites and shales, 8,000 feet to 9,000 feet thick, that may belong to the si­ lurian series. This strata is well exposed by an anticlinal fold between Ouray and Ironton, having an average dip of about seventy degrees on either side, and its exact geological location has caused considerable research. Lying above the stratified or sedimentary beds are the lavas common to the San Juan region, generally known as trachytic-porphyry. These beds form the rugged mountains, and in the various cliff exposures at higher altitudes the various flows are clearly defined. Within the erup­ tive rock sections, fissure veins abound. These occur in well marked systems and vary in strike £1:om northeast to northwest. The veins are strong, well defined and the ore bodies are in the main separated from the wall rock by a thin selvege or gouge, The best defined fissure veins occupy fault planes of somewhat extended scale, and the conditions extant, demonstrated by ex­ tensive development, indicate they extend into the underlying rock masses and that the ores have originated from circulating waters, arising from deep seated sources, aided to a greater or less degree by lateral secretion. In these veins the ores are mainly clean, white quartz, charged with silver, lead, iron, cop­ per and -zinc, in sulphide forms, with low gold value associated. The Sneffies district is the best developed and its constant and regular production for a number of years has tided the county over periods of depression and encouraged others to push ahead. The magnitude of the Revenue tunnel operations, located near Porter's, is little appreciated. The bore is thousands of feet long, equipped with good double track tram road, and the cars are operated by electricity. 56 O'O'BAY COUNTY.

Mills.

I D.&.ILY N.um. Loo.&.'l'IOR. C!Ll.UOTJIB. CAP.A.om.

Cleopatra Smelter •••••••• Ouray • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • •. Austin process.... •• • • •• •• • • • • •...... 50 tons Jlunn Sampler•••••••••••• Oura1 ••••••••••••••.•. Public Sampler••••••••••••••••••. 100tons Briaht Diamond •••••••••• Ouray ...... 20 stamp ■; concentration ...... 50tona Badaar •••••••••••••••••••• Ouray ••••••••••••••••. 10 stamps; amal. and conot ••.••••30 tons Grand View ...... Ouray ...... Huntington; amal. andconct ••••. GOtona Sky Rocket ...... Ouray ••••••••••••••••• 10 stamps; amal. and conct ••.••• •n tons Calliope ••••••••••••••••••• DeJCter ••••••••••••••••. 10 stamp■; concentration ••••••••. %5 tons BeTenue ••••••••••••••••••• Mt. Sne:ffles •.••••.•••. 40 stamps; concentration ...... 4:00 tons Bevenue No. 2 •••••••••••• :Mt. Sne:ffles ••••••••••. Concentration ••••••••••••••••.•••• 10 tons Camp Bird .••••••••••••.•• Imogene •••••••••••••• 20 stamps; eoncentrationJ .••.. .••• 50 tons Yankee Bo1 •...... Imogene...... Gates crasher; amal. and con••••• •20 tons Trost Rub7 •••••••••••.••• Mt. Sneffles ...... 2CJ sta.mps •• • • .. •• •• •• •• • • • • •• •• ••••• m tona llichael Breen ...... Uncompahgre .•.•••••• Rolls, Huntington; conct •••••••••50 tons

Ouray City. In and around Ouray numerottB mineral springs occur, vary­ ing in temperature from 80 to 150 degrees Fahrenheit. The larg­ est ■pring occurs in the bed of the Uncompahgre river, just above the city, and is sufficient in volume and temperature to prevent freezing in the river during the coldest. weather. Several of the springs are somewhat improved and the waters piped to well equipped bath houses, the swimming pools being popalar resorts. Ouray is 889 miles southwest of Denver and stands at an altitude of 7712 feet above the ocean. Its equable climate, warm springs, bathing facilities, wonderful scenery, good churches and schooll make it inTiting to the tourist, the health seeker, the capitalist, the poet, the painter and descriptive writer. Ouray gives employment to two thousand men, mostly miners.• 5'1 Otm.lY OOUNTY,

What Ouray Has.

Population, 8 11500.

Five Groceries. Two insurance agents. Three livery stables. One electric light plant. One steam laundry. One ma.chine shop. Two meat markets. Three wagon makers and black- Eighteen saloons. smith shops. Three drug stores. Four restaurants. Two undertakers. Two banks. Five surveyors. Three bath housee; hot mineral Two hardware storea. water. Two bakeries. One public school. Four hotels. Two fumi ture stores. WESTERN lIOTEL, Three hay and grain dealers. Ouray, Colo. Three freighters. E:olt ! Foster, Propr's. One commission merchant. Four barber sh ops. One smelter. Six dry goods stores.. One opera house. SeTen doctors. One jeweler. Seven lawyers. One Methodist church. Two lumber yards. One Baptist church. Three real estate agents. One Presbyterian church. One abstract office. One Catholic church. Two weekly new1papers. One fire department. Four tailors. Two hook and ladder companies. Three assayers. Ouray County I1ines.

AlVIERICAN GOLD MINING Q. .A.. Martin superintendent, STOCK. CO. Ouray, The American Nettie Group, patented, development fifteen miles, output 175 tons monthly, working force eighty-five, gold, electric plant. This mine has produced millions, ore from $1,000 to $3,000 per car of ten tons.

ARMY AND NAVY. E. J. Bent, W. W. Rowan, Ouray, Paquan district, prospect, one claim, vein three feet, pay streak five inches, patented, for sale, develop­ ment 500 feet, working force four, silver. BARSTOW MINING CO. M. W. Quick manager, Titusville, Red Mountain district, Bob Tail, two claims, pay streak five feet, for sale, development 1000 feet, work­ ing force four, gold, silver and copper.

BI-METALLIST. M. Downer superintendent, Ouray, 0. J. Davis, T. Downer, Mt. Potosi,. three claims, development 225 feet, output monthly forty tons, working force :fifteen, gold.

BLACK. GIRL GROUP. Charles Hinkle, Pueblo, Colo.; Paquan district, nine claims, development 500 feet, working force three, silver.

BOLD McIN'TYRE. Owner, Mrs. T. W. Knowles, Ouray; two claims, new strike, ore will run from $80 to $200, gold, working force four. OUBAY COUNTY. 59 CASCADE MINING CO. St. Louis, Missouri; leased to E. McCarrier, Ouray, Center Group, five claims, working, gold $40.

CALLIOPE. Charles H. Hicks, Ouray, four claims, vein two feet development one mile, working force sixty, gold, silver, twenty stamp mill.

CAlVIP BIRD GROUP. Thomas F. Walsh owner, J. W. Benson general manager, A. W. Richardson superintendent, Sneffles district, Ouray, thirty-five claims, pat­ ented, tunnel one mill, output 4000 tons monthly, twenty stamp mill, one Huntington, working force 125, gold, Bleichert tram 8,550 feet long, Huston tram 1,000 feet.

CAROLINE MINING CO. Owners of Revenue Tunnel, Vir­ ginius and others, close corporation, working force 500, have plant. This mine excels the famous Anaconda mine.

FLOAT MINING CO. M. W. Quick, manager, Titusville, Pa.; Paquan district, Float mine, one claim, tunnel 400 feet, silver and copper, for sale.

FOURTH OF JULY. D. W. Powers, manager, Ouray; Thomas Newton, one claim, pay streak twelve inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel sixty feet, working force two, gold $12, silver ninety-five ounces, copper 14 per cent.

GRIZZT,Y BEAR GROUP. H. Hurlburt and Armstrong, Wal- ter Wheeler superintendent, Ouray, Bear Creek district, six claims, development 1500 feet, working force thirty-five, gold and silver.

GOLD BELT MINING AND Jas. A. Law, G. V. Mill, Ouray, lVIILLING COMPANY. group of mines, mill run per ton $35, vein eight feet, pat- 60 OUBA.Y COUNTY. ented, for 1ale, bond and lease, development 1500 feet, mill and tramway, working.

GAUDALOUPE. E. J. Bent and T. J. York,Onray Ironton min· ing district, two claims, development several hundred feet, working force six, gold, silver and copper.

HECTOR MINlNG COIVIPANY. H. Reed manager, Ouray, Middle Basin, Montana, tunnel site, mill run per ton $15, development, 1000 feet, working force twenty, gold $12, silver $8.

KHEDIVE. Geo. R. Hurlburt, M. F. Wheeler manager, Ouray, Paquan district, one claim, patented, development 1150 feet, working force fifteen, silver.

LONG CUT ..A.....'l\fD CROSS Jacob Wagner owner, Ouray, New CUT ~. Bimetallist, Sneffles district, two claims, gold twenty ounces. Thia mine will make a steady shipper soon.

LONDON EXPLORATION H. B. Absit, Amer, Colorado, CO:MPANY. Iron Springs mining district, Terrible and Butterfly, two claims, mill run per ton $25, patented, development 2500 feet, output 175 tons, concentrates, working, gold.

UT-nEIMAID. Richard Raymond, Chapman Bros., M. Bux­ ton, superintendant, Ouray, U ncompahgre dis­ trict, mill run per ton $150, vein four feet, for sale, development 160 foot tunnel, working force six, silver.

MINERAL FARM GROUP. R. JI Lucas, St. Louis, E. T. Haughey superintendent, Ouray, twelve claims, patented, development one mile, working force twelve, silver, air drills and stamp mill. OUB.A.Y COUNTY. 61 MOUNTAIN LION. A, G. King, Ounay, Red Mountain dis- trict, five claims,· vein three feet,~ pay streak three feet, development 228 feet, monthly shipments, gold lead and copper.

NEWSBOY. M. S. Corbitt, Ouray, Paquan mining district, one claim, mill run per ton $80, pay streak fifteen ~~·••*•••:•• Inches, patented, for sale, development 350 feet, silver.

O. & M.ffUNNEL. Geo.rR. Hurlburt,~ Walter Bruce superin- tendant, Ouray,~Uncompahgre mining dis­ trict, twelve claims, patented, tunnel 4000 feet, regular output monthly, power house, working force: twenty-five, gold, electric plant. This property shipped two car loads of ore by express, netting $85,000 per car.

OLD MAID :MINING CO. M. W. Moore superintendant, Un­ compahgre mining district, Old Maid claim, tunnel and shaft, working force seventeen, gold and

ROCKY MOUNTAIN GOLD Capital, $1,250,000, shares par :MINING COIVIPANY. value $1, Howard W. Throck- morton manager, postoffice box 7, Ouray, Mineral Point, Ben Butler, three claims, vein seven feet, pay streak five feet, patented, output monthly 215 tons, plant, working force twenty, shafts and drifts, gold - one ounce silver, lead twenty per cent, copper. ROCHESTER MIN'ING AND Rochester, N. Y., Imogene MILLING COIVIPANY. basin, U. S. deposit, five claims, vein five feet, pay streak twelve inches, patented, development 1000 feet, plant, gold and silver, V &nner's stamp mill.

SANTA CLAUS. Henry Alsbach, Ouray, Pa.quan mining dis­ trict, one claim, mill run per ton $125, vein 62 OUBAY COUNTY. ·four feet, pay streak six inches, for sale, bond and lease, develop­ ment 150 feet, working force two, gold, silver, lead.

SARATOGA. L. R. Fry, Ironton, Red Mountain mining dis­ trict, four claims, patented, gold and silver.

SOUTH DAKOTA. A.mos Abbott and others, Colona, Ouray, Red Mountain district, one claim, mill run per ton $10, development 500 feet, working force four.

STORM KIN'G. John Gianino, Ouray, Uncompabgre, four claims, free milling vein three feet, pay streak three feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 100 feet, gold $12.50.

SILVER QUEEN. Frank Margowski, Telluride; Ouray county, Bear Creek district, one claim, vein four feet, patented, for sale, development 200 feet, working force twenty, bismuth, lead thirty per cent.

SLICLE. T. W. Emerson, Ouray·, Paquan mining district, eleven claims, mill run per ton $90, pay streak three feet, five claims patented, for sale, development 2800 feet, working force two, gold,. silver, have buildings, shipped about $500,000 worth of ore.

ST.El'{OGRAPHER AND Ouray, W. ~- .Alexander, J. T. Pier­ CABINETMAKER. son, two claims, for sale, develop­ ment 250 feet, free gold.

THE BACHELOR GROUP. Geo. R. Hurlburt, Ouray, Frank ~ Sanders, Delta, C . .A. Armstrong Denver, Tim Mannion superintendent, Telluride, Paqnan district, six claims, patented, development one-half mile tunnel, output monthly 250 tons, working force 150, silver proposition.

THE GEM. Wm. Story and others, Ouray, Paquan district, one claim, silver and copper. OURAY OOUNTY. 63 THE WEDGE. C. H. Farrish, Denver, Ed. Richards, Salt Lake City, John McMahon, Ouray, Paquan district, one claim, mill run per ton $150, vein four feet, pay streak four feet, patented, development 2500 foot tunnel, output monthly 300 tons, working force 150, silver proposition.

THE GLA IVIlNING CO. Carolina Mining Co., Revenue Tunnel Mining Co., A. E. Rey­ nolds, D. H. Moffatt, Denver, H. W. Reed superintendant, Ouray, Glacier Virginius claims, several patented, Revenue Tunnel three miles, development several miles, working force 700, gold, silver and lead, 400 ton mill, complete electric plant and car lines.

THE YANKEE GIRL SILVER London, England, Red Moun. MINES. (Limited) tain district, Yankee Girl, three claims, pa tented, shl;l(t 1000 feet, hoister, gold and silver. This property has produced millions.

WORLD'S FAIR. Ed. J. Law, Ouray, Colorado, prospect, one claim, vein three feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel thirty feet.

YELLOW JACK.ET. P. E. Miller superintendant, J. 0. Miller, R. J. Dessmore, Ouray, Uncompahgre district, five claims, vein eight feet, pay streak five feet, for sale, development 600 feet, silver twelve ounces per ton, lead fifty per cent, zinc thirty-three per cent, mill site. THE ARKANSAS VALLEY SMELTING CO. LEADVILLE, COLORADO. AUG. R. MEYER, PRES. J. H. WEDDLE. MaR. Largest and Most Complete Smelter in Colorado. HIGHEST PRICES PAID FOR ORES. Most careful sampling and quickest settlements.

WESTERN BRANCH OF Consolidated Smelting and Refining Co., ARGENTINE, KANS.

GENERAL OFFI0EB: DENVER OFFICES: ARQENTINE, KAS. 724, 725 726 EQUITABLE BLDQ.

ORES CRUSHED MILL RUNS. AND SAMPLED. DENVER OR[ TESTING WORKS,. 521-525 17TH ST., DENVER. CHEMISTS-ASSAYERS- ENGINEERS, Umpire and Control Assays a Specialty.

WORKING TESTS, (tOO to iooo lbs) By Amalgamation, Concentration, Chlorination, Cyanide.

The King-Hallett Stratifying Table in operation on the premises.

Piriees on AppUeation. SAN JUAN COUNTY.

The total production for 1897 was $1,773,433.61 which will be greatly surpassed in 1898. San Juan was organized by legislative enactment, approved J anusry 31, 1876, and is one of a group of counties comprising the San Juan region in the southwestern portion of the state. The adjoining counties are Dolores, San Miguel and Ouray, on the north; Hinsdale, on the east; La Plata, on the south; and Dolores and San Miguel on the west. In area it is one of the smallest subdivisions of the state, embracing about 480 square miles, with a maximum length of twenty-four miles north and south, and a maximum width of eighteen miles east and west · Like its dimin­ utive sister counties, Lake and Gilpin, it is devoted almost exclu­ sively to mining, having practically no other resource. While the history of this region dates back to 1861, its mining history practically begins with 1870, when the first loca­ tions were made. The following year other locations were made, a Mexican arastra constructed and $3,000 in gold produced. In 1871-72 the report of fabulous finds marked the beginning of an important epoch in the mining history · of Oolorado, viz: The opening of one of the greatest mineral sections in the state now covering several counties. The years following were noted for great activity and prospecting. To San Juan county belongs the distinction of having the first successful water-jacket furnace in the state. This plant for several years provided the main market for the ores of San Juan and adjoining counties. From 1882 the record has been one of steady advancement, barring the depres- 66 SAN JUAN OOUNTY. sion of 1893, with. the year 1898 the best in the history of the county. San Juan county is noted for the great number and strength of its fissure veins. The veins are of variable width, ranging from a few feet to as high as sixty or eighty feet. The commercial ores are mainly sulphides of iron, copper, lead and zinc, the arsenical silver minerals occurring in a quartz gangue with gold associated in variable proportions. Taken as a whole the ores are low grade and require some system of ore dressing before sending to market. In some sections, notably in the north end of thecounty, in the mammoth veins, "free gold'' in quite large quantities is encountered. Native silver is not un­ common. In the regions best equipped and developed, the ore occurrence is practically continuous, that is, continuous in profit­ able values some sections, of course, being much higher grade than others, and practically all material between walls is mined, milled and marketed. There are six mining districts in San Juan county, viz: Red Mountain in the northwestern part of the county em­ bracing the territory drained by the headwaters of North Mineral and a-portion of that drained by Cement Creek. Animas district in the extreme northern end of the county, and a11 that portion lying east of the Animas river to the south line of the county. Eureka district lies south of Animas and is drained by Cement Creek and the gulches tributary to the Animas in the vicinity of the town of Eureka. Anvil Mountain district embracing the Red Mountain spur, lying between Cement and Mineral Creeks, south of Red Mountain district and terminating at Baker's Park; this district is the central part of the conn ty. Ice Lake district in the northwestern part of the county in the drainage of the headwaters of South Mineral Creek. . The San Juan district embraces that porton of the county SAN JUAN COUNTY. 67 along the drainage of South Mineral Creek between Ice Lake and Anvil districts. The application of electricity has reached a high state of perfection in this county. The power is generated on theA.nimas river above Silverton and is transmitted to the mines where it is utilized for operating mills, compressors, lighting, etc. Silverton the county seat is centrally located on the Ani­ mas river at Baker's park and commands the trade of all the sur­ rounding mining districts. It is in the heart of the rich mining region of San Juan surrounded by scenery rivaling the grandest views in Switzerland. The county records show 14,900 lode claims, 293 placer claims, 268 mill sites and 151 tunnel sites of record and 1,003 lode claims, 14 placer claims and 84 miil sites recorded as patented in the county. During 1897, an average of 996 men were engaged in mining and an average of 168 mines and prospects were operated. Mills.

DAILY NAKJC. LO0.lTIOll. CRARA.CTBB. 0.AP.lOI'rY.

San Juan Public Sampler Silverton .••...... -...... •••• 100 tons The Public Sampler ...... Silverton ..•.•....•...... " ...... • ••• 100 tons SHYer Lake •.•••.•.•.••... Animas district ..••••. Concentration .•••••••..•••••• •••. 200tons Iowa .....•.•...... Animas district ...... Conct.. and amal•..•.•.••.••. • •.•. 50 tons

Titusville ••....•..•...... Animas district ...... Concentration ..••..•.•••••.•. . •.•. 85 ton8 Crooke ...... •••••.•.... Anvil district ....•.... Conct. add lixiviation ..•••••• ••• • •50 toD.B North Star.•.••...... •.... San Juan district..... Concentration .••••....•...••. •••. 100 tons Victoria Consolidated .... San Juan district ..... Conct. and amal•••••.•••••••• • ••• 100 tons Silver Ledge ..••••.•.•..•. Red Mountain ...... Cconcentration •...•...•....•. .• . . . 50 tons Ice Lake ...... •...... Ice Lake district ...... Conct. and am.al •.••••••••..•• • .. . . 40 tons Sunnyside Extension ..... Eureka district ...•... Concentration •...••••••••..•. • •••. 50 tons Snnnyside ...•...... Eureka district ..•.... Conct. and amal ..•....••.••• . •••. 40 tons Sunnyside [Thompson] ... Eureka district ...... • Conct. and amal ..•.••••••.••• • •.•. 20 tons Gold King •...... ••••....•. Eureka district ..•.... Conct and amal, ...... • •••. 65 tons 68 SAN JUAN OOUNTY.

What Silverton Has.

Six hotels. Four barber shops. COKUEBCIAL lIO'O'SE, Two newspapers. Nice. Booms and Best Table in Two general stores. the City. $1.25 a,nd. $1.50 per Two fire companies. da,:y. Mrs. A. C. Bats, Props. Three 1umber yards. Two banks. Nine secret societies. One smelter. Three meat markets. Six lawyers. C. :a:. E:. XBAUEB, One bakery. Wholesale and Retail Keats J'OlIN PEBBUNG, a,nd Produce. New York Bakery and Gro- Two furniture stores. cery Bouse. Two bottling works. One hospital. Four hardware stores. One brewery. Three confectioneries. Electric lights. M. L. WEIB, Two drug stores. Fresh Home Made Candies, Two assay offices. Two doors above P. O. C. A.. COOPER, F:RANX J'. MOLIQUE, Assayer a,nd Chemist. Confectionery, Stationery, Reports on Kines. Ciga,rs, etc. Four restaurants. Nineteen saloons. Two blacksmith shops. One photograph gallery .. 'l'ELLE:R BAB, One plunge bath house. l3est accommodations for all. Two ore sampling works. Martin Schneider. Three second hand stores. Cryta,l Pa.lace a,nd Billiard liall, A complete water system. :Sesquist & J' ohnson, Props. Planing and novelty works. One exclusive grocery store. One dry goods store. Six physicians and surgeons. Three shoemakers. SAN JUAN COUNTY. 69 Five clothing establishments. Two real estate firms and in­ WILLIAM JONES, surance agents. The Tailor, One steam laundry. Suits $13 and up. STEAM LAUNDRY, Three livery and feed stables Only first-class work, DOUD BROS., J'. R. Stahlneoker, Prop. Exchange Livery and Feed Sta­ One cigar maker. ble. Saddle horses a, specialty. NIC ANDRES, Two jewelers and watchmakers. Uanufa,oturer of Fine Havana A splendid graded and high Cigars. school. RATES, $ 1 .oo to $ 1 .25 per day.

£tntral fiOUSt, lfttts. Geo. ftoll, P1.10pttietress.

Cotr. of 12th and ~eese St11eets.

Neat Rooms, Best of Meals, Good Beds, Rates Reasonable. Silo~rton, £0l0.

0. W. KLINGER L. A. KLINGER

$2.50 PER YEAR. s

The Leading Mining J ouunal ' of the San Juan.

Secure a Copy and Judge For Yourself JAN J'UJ.N COUNTY. 71

Officers and Lodges of Silverton.

City Officers.

Mayor - - John Casey Aldermen: W.W. Grimes. E. Hoffman. 0. A. Bowman. 0. A. Leonard. W. Jones. J. Perrnng. City clerk - .. - - - - Mary M. Morris City attorney - - - - - W. N. Seareey.

Lodges.

Snowflake Lodre No. 61, K. of P. Regular meeting night on Wednesday of each week. . J. R. Stahlnecker, 0. 0. I. S. Freedman, V. 0. B. Van Slyck, K. of B. & S.

Masonic Lodie, Meets on first and fourth Saturday nights in the month. D. Umbell, W. M. W. M. Montgomery, Sec. F. G. Helmboldt, Treas.

No. 5t I. 0. 0. F. Meets on Thursday nights of each week. 0. Coburn, N. G. W. L. Henry, Sec. 72 SAN JUAN COUNTY.

Miners Union No 26. Thos. Colmer, Pres. J. F. Bowden, Sec. & Treas.

Sky City Miners Union No. 27, Red Mountain.

A. o.u. w. Meets first and third Tuesdays in each month. A. F. Churchill, M. W. 0. Lockhardt, F. A. C. J as. Bordellan, Sec.

Court Savoia, No. 28 Foresters of America. Meets every other Saturday._ Peter Rudella.t, C.R. John Odonettos Sec. G. A. GOOPE~, mine ~epottts, Rssayett and Chemist. Silvettton, Colo.

Ao E. GOOD'2VIN, Barber Shop and Bath Rooms, OPPOSITE GRAND HOTEL Private lockers for miners' clothes. Change Rooms always at disposal of customers. SILVERTON, COLO. The Oara eral ,

$2.00 PER YEAR IN ADVANCE. ERNEST C. BACON, Prop. OURAY, COLO. San Juan County Mines.

W. P. ABBOTT & CO., Silverton, Bonner, one claim, mill run per ton average $50, vein six feet, pay streak eighteen inches, patented, for sale, bond and lease, deTel­ opment 1200 feet, tunnel and shaft, output monthly 800 tons, working force fifteen, gold $15 per ton, silver sixty ounces.

ALTRURIA. Joseph Seyfer, Ed Rogers, B. Wygal and Geo. Gunter, Silv~rton, one claim, vein two feet, pay streak six inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 106 feet, work .. ing force four, gold $8, silver $100 per ton.

ANTI-PERIODIC GROUP. Galena Mountain, Salmonnhoffer & Co., Silverton, four claims, mill run per ton $180, patented, tunnel 500 feet, working force four, gold $80, silver $150.

AlYJERICAN BOY. Owners, Col. Page, New York, M. S. Beach, Silverton and Ward, Durango, Silver Lake district, one ciaim, mili run per ton $40, vein thirty inches, pay streak thirty inches, patented, tunnel forty feet, working force two, gold $20, silver twenty-five ounces, lead ten per cent.

ARABIAN BOY (group). Owners, Malchus Bros., Silverton, Arasta mining district, nine claims, mill run per ton $60, four in one, vein four feet, pay streak twelve inches, two patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 700 feet, shaft twenty-two feet, working force four, gold $10, lead $8, 9opper seven per cent. BAN . JUAN COUNTY. '15 BENJAMIN BUTLER F.ST ATE. Stock company, $200,000, A. Ames and others, A. T. Mor• gan agent, Silverton, Animas mining district, name The Terrible, one claim, vein seventy feet, pay streak two to ten feet, for sale, tunnel 500 feet, working force three, gold 118, silver 8.90 ounces, lead forty-three per cent.

BOA-CONSTRICTOR John Lambert, B. 0. Driscoll, P. Hughes, Silverton, Kendall mountains, two claims, mill run per ton $25, vein four feet, pay streak ten inches, for sale, bond and lease, development eighty foot tunnel, shaft twenty feet, output monthly ten tons, working force two, go]d $20, silver twenty ounces, lead ten per cent, copper five per cent.

J. B. BLIZZARD & CO. Silverton, Esmeralda, one claim, mill run per ton $60, vein five feet, pay streak two feet, for sale, development tunnel and shaft 400 feet, output monthly sixty tons, working force eight, gold twenty-four dollars, silver eighty ounces per ton.

BONANZA KING. C. Corlstrom and T. Lion, owners, Henry Mil1er purchasing agent, four claims, Eureka mining district, pay streak three feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel, working force two, gold $3, silver ten ounces, lead thirty-three per cent, copper five per cent.

BOYCOT1'ER. Frank Wetzel owner, Silverton, one claim, vein fifteen feet, for eale, bond and lease, tunnel and shaft 200 feet development, working force one, gold $5, silver thirty-five ounces, copper twenty-five per cent.

CHALLENGE GROUP. Henry Miller, B. 0. Driscoll, Silver­ ton, Colo., Tower Mountain, Eureka Gulch, prospect and mine, seven claims, vein forty feet, pay streak two feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, development 76 SAN JUAN COUNTY. 250 foot tunnel, gold $5, silver seventy~five ounces, lead twelve per cent, copper twelve per cent. COLUMBINE NOS. t & 2. C. A. Cooper, J. G. Clanton, Sil- verton, Colo., two ciaims, miil rnn per ton $60, vein eight feet, pay streak three feet, for sale, bond and lease, 860 foot tunnel, shaft twenty feet, gold $4.00, silTer fifty ounces, lead five per cent.

CHAMPION. Brice Patterson, Silverton, Colo., three claims, mill run per ton average $85, vein six feet, pay streak four feet, for sale, tunnel 200 feet, output monthly thirty tons, working force four, gold $10, silver one hundred ounces, copper $15.

CRYSTAL E. L. Roberts owner, Silverton, Animas mining district, mill run $24 per ton, vein three feet, pay streak twenty-six inches, patented, for sale, tunnel 208 feet, gold $4, silver twenty-five ounces, lead thirty per cent.

CR.OGEN'. E. L. Roberts owner, Silverton, Animas mining dis- trict, prospect, pay streak twenty-six inches, pat­ ented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel twenty-two feet, gold $20, silver ten ounces.

Cl'fY VIEW. 0. H. H. Kramer, A. M. Jackson, E. L. Roberts owners, Silverton, Animas mining district, pros­ pect, miii run per ton $20, vein four feet, pay streak ten inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 75 feet, gold $20, silver fifteen ounces, lead nineteen per cent.

CASCADE GROUP. C. C. Koenneker, M. H. Smelzer and M. B. Holt owners, Silverton, A. Gottleib manager, Silverton, Animas mining district, ten claims, mill run per ton $85, vein six feet, pay streak two feet, patented, for sale bond and lease, tunnel 400 feet, monthly output 125 tone, work­ force twenty, gold $40, silver 85 ounces. S.A.N JUAN COUNTY. '1'1 DELAWARE MININ"G, MILLING AND Judge John T. Voss, PROSPECTING CO. Colorado Springs, manager, Ice Lake Basin ·district, thirteen claims, mill run per ton, $14~80, ·vein average seven feet, pay streak average three and one-half feet, five claims patented, tunnel 1000 feet, working force four, gold $5, silver forty ounces, lead twenty per cent.

DIVER. H. H. Wasson, Creede, one claim, mill run per ton $60, vein six feet, pay streak two feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel and shaft 500 feet, output monthly 100 tons, work­ ing force five, gold $2 per ton, silver 100 ounces per ton, lead $10 per ton.

EMPIRE MASCOT Silverton, one claim, mill run per ton $40, lVIINING CO. vein six feet, pay streak one foot, patented, for sale, tunnel 400 feet, gold $20, silver forty ounces.

ELKHORN GROUP. Owners, Thomas Allen, Rudolph Good and M. A. Garnett, Silverton, Colorado, Animas mining district, mill run per ton $15,000, vein eight inches, for sale, tunnel 100 feet, working force four, gold arid silver.

ELMORE. J. H. Himebaugh owner, Silverton, Colo., Animas mining district, mill run per ton $50, working force four, tunnel 400 feet, gold $15, silver seventy ounces per ton.

EIVI:lVIA. Geo. Lacy and Herr owners, Silverton, Colo., two claims, mill run per ton $60, working force four, tunnel 200 feet, pay streak eight inches, gold $3, silver thirty-five ounces, lead 70 per cent.

FAIRVIEW. T. B. Catron, Santa Fe, Silverton, one claim, mill run per ton $125, vein twenty feet, pay streak four 78 BAN JUAN COUNTY. feet, patented, development 8000 feet, tunnel 1500 feet, shaft 1200 feet, working foree fifty, gold $4, silver $120, lead $10.

FLOREN'CE M. GRAY. Forsback estate, Silverton, P. J. Haz- iett, Eureka mining di1trict, Tom Turner group, three claims, mill run per ton $60, vein 150 feet, pay streak five feet, two claims patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 800 feet, shaft •ighty feet, gold $30, silver forty­ five ounces, lead $5.

GRAND MOGUL. Theo. Dick, Silverton, Colo., one claim, mill run per ton $40, vein thirty feet, pay streak three feet, patented, for sale, tunnel 300 feet, output monthly ten tons, working force two, gold $20, silver forty ounces per ton. GOLD KIN'G ~G AND M. Gallert, President, O. W. MILLIN'G CO. Davis, Waterville, Maine, Sec- retary and Treasurer, W. Z. Kinney, general superintendent, Silverton, Gladstone district, Gold King, three claims, patented, output two cars concentrates, tramway 5000 feet, 20 stamp mill.

GOLD NUGGET. A Gottlieb, Silverton, Colorado, Animas mining district, four claims, vein eight feet, pay streak twelve inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 200 feet, gold twenty-five ounces, silver $1,290.

GOLD SYNDICATE MININ'G CO. Kansas City, tunnel 900 feet, working force eighteen.

GOLD:El'l HORN. J. M. Callow, Silverton, Colo., Ice Lake dis­ trict, ten claims, patented, $50,000 expended in development, mill, working force four, gold $10, silver. H. :io GROUP. Dr. S. G. Dowdy, Durango, Maggie gulch, five claims, vein four feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel. SAN J1J'A.N COUNTY. 79 HAMLET SILVER MININ'G CO. Silverton, Colorado, Ham- let Group, three claims, mill run per ton $15, vein three feet, pay streak twelve inches, pat­ ented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 800 feet, shaft 300 feet,, gold $1.50, silver sixteen ounces, lead ten per cent, copper twelve per cent per ion.

HIGHLAND MARY-GROUP. Lewis Wyman, Silverton, E. L. Roberts, J. M. May, Dawson City, Alaska, Edward Ennis, New York City, E. L. Roberts, Sil­ verton, Colorado, Animas mining district, Highland Mary Group, .seventeen claims, mill run per ton $500, vein twenty feet, pay streak thirty inches, patented, tunnel 9000 feet, steam plant, silver $500, lead fifty per cent, air drills, air compressors.

HIDDEN' TREASURE. E. T. Hand & Co., Eureka, eight claims, mill run per ton $15, vein forty ·feet, pay streak three feet, tunnel 600 feet, monthly output 10 tons, working force ten, gold, silver twenty ounces.

A. ILE:s & CO. · Silverton, Colo., Ariadne, one claim, mill run per ton $60, vein seven feet, pay streak three feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 400 feet, output monthly ten tons, working force four, gold $4, silver eight ounces, lead $10

IRENE. Josiah Watson and C. S. Casad, Silverton, Colorado, one claim, mill run per ton average $250, vein three feet, pay streak six inches, for sale, tunnel 420 feet, shaft 285 feet, output monthly one carload, working force four, gold $1, silver eighty ounces, lead forty-five per cent, copper two per c~nt.

IOWA GOLD MINING AND J. H. Robin, J. M. Gundry, MILLING CO. G. H. Stoiber, T. F. Neely, tunnel and shaft, mill, traction 80 SAN JUAN OOUNTY. cable tramway, concentratea. One of the greatest gold and silver producers in the county.

IOWA AND;LAKE. Messrs. Hannah, Bradfield, McDowell & Hill, good properties, patented, pay streak two feet, average $54, one third gold; Iowa ha1 eighteen inches pay streak, over two-thirds gold.

J. H. R. E. L. Roberts, Silverton, Animas mining district, two claims, vein three feet, pay streak sixteen inches, pat­ ented, for sale, tunnel 300 feet, working force two, output monthly three tons, gold $16, lead 69 per cent, silver twenty­ seven ounces, copper seven per cent.

WM. KEITH & CO.. Durango, Big Giant, one claim, mill run per ton $60, vein eight feet, pay streak two feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel e.!lil shaft 500 feet, plant, gold $20, silver thirty ounces, lead $15.

KEYSTONE. Fra~k Wetzel, Silverton, Cement Creek, three claims, vein three feet, for sale, bond and lease, three tunnels, 180 feet, pay streak three feet, gold $8, silver three ounces.

LITTLE MAUDE. Borne & Abbey, Silverton, Colo., one claim, mill run per ton $60, vein ten feet, pay streak four feet, for sale, tunnel 100 feet, goid $10, silver eighty ounces.

OCCIDENTAL GROUP. London Syndicate, Gladstone, seven claims, mill run per ton $20, vein twelve feet, pay streak eight feet, patented, development 1000 feet, output monthly 250 tons, working force eight, gold twelve ounces, silver 300 ounces, copper five per cent, new company, 10,000 tons of mineral on the dumps now, all mines easy of access. SAN JUAN COUNTY. 81 LITTLE KATE. W. J. Thompson, G. G. Albert, W. J. Boyl~, J as. Dennison, Silverton, Colo., prospects, Little Kate and Independence, four claims, vein four feet, pay streak thirty inches, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 400 feet, working force four, gold two ounces, silver twenty ounces, lead fifty .four per cent, copper fifteen per cent.

LITTLE RAY GROUP. Dr. Potts, Thad. Trout, J. W. Van Dyke, Lima, Ohio, Deer Park, pros­ pect, three claims, mill run per ton $8,782, vein three feet, free gold, pay streak four inches, one claim patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 350 feet, gold $8,782,

MABEL. J no. H. Werkheiser, Frank B. Brown, Silverton, Colo., Deer Park, two claims, patented, tunnel 300 feet, working force two, gold, free milling, silver.

MINNEHAHA. Mrs. A. Cotton, Silverton, Colo., one claim, mill run per ton $40, vein five feet, pay st:r;eak three feet, patented, £or sale, tunnel and shaft 300 feet, working force two, gold $8, silver sixty ounces.

MONOMIC GROUP. Col. Page Ney, Silverton, 0. Driscoll & Sons, Animas mining district, prospect, five claims, mill run per ton $25, vein twenty feet, pay streak twenty-five inches, one patented, for sale, bond and lease, devel­ opment 350 feet, gold $10, silver twenty-five per cent.

NEIGOLD BROS. GROUP. Silverton, Galena Mountain, R. F. N eigold, Animas district, one claim, mill run per ton $95, vein ten feet, pay streak six feet, pat­ ented, output monthly 280 tons, working force ten, tunnel, gold $30 per ton, silver fifty-five ounces, lead twenty per cent, copper three per cent.

NORTH STAR IV1INING CO. Sultan mountain, Wm. Crook, H. Starkweather, Silverton, 82 SAN JUAN OOUNTY. North Star, one claim, mill run per ton $20, vein eight feet, pay streak two feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 800 feet, plant, gold $4, silver twenty-five ounces. This property has produced millions.

OCCIDENTAL MIN'fi\tG CO. Silverton, Occidental, ten claims, mill run per ton $60, vein seventy­ five feet, patented, tunnel and shaft 1000 feet, output monthly 100 tons, working force ten, gold $5,. silver 100 ounces, lead $30, copper $15 per ton.

ORO. Morris & Leonard, Silverton, Gladstone district, pros- pect, one claim, mill run per ton $10, vein five feet, pay streak five feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel and shaft 275 feet, gold $10, silver twenty-five ounces, lead ten per cent.

ORO TUNNEL. The Gold Tunnel and Railroad Oompany are owners, and of the Oro numbers 1, 2 and S lode claims, in San J ua.n mining district, Colorado, two and one­ half miles from Silverton. The tunnel penetrates, or is surveyed to penetrate, Round, Kendal and King Solomon mountains for a distance of four miles. The claims are near the mouth of the tunnel and all show good veins in the small development shafis. The agents for the property and its management are the H.J. Mayham Investment Company of Denver, Colorado, offices a~ the Brown Palace Hotel. The tunnel is now in 130 feet, and work will be pushed hereafter with a complete plant of machin­ ery, for the purchase of which the company has bonded the property. Surface development discloses no less than 100 vein■ on the line of the tunnel which carry gold values. The property will be operated as a mine and as a transportation tunnel, and will be completed in about five years. Bonds have been sold at par. The property as a whole is not for sale. The property is bonded for $400,000, which insures the completion of the work of building, and is valued at $15,000,000. SAN JUAN COUNTY. 83 ONEIDA GROUP. Mrs. S. M. Beach, seven claims, develop­ ment, tunnel, gold, silver, lead.

PEARL H. S'l'EELE. Silverton, one claim, mill run per ton $40, vein ten feet, pay streak two feet, pat.. ented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel and shaft 500 fee-~, plant, gold $5, silver fifty ounces.

PLACER PROPER.TY. B. 0. Driscoll, Silverton, ten owners, Animas district, Deer Park, three claims, 160 acres, for sale, bond and lease, working force two.

PORTLAND GROUP. A. M. Jackson, Geo. Nolls, B. 0. Dris- coll, Silverton, Lost mountain, Eureka mining district, two claims, mill run per ton $18, vein four feet, pay streak thirty inchAs, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel 175 feet, working force two, gold $3, silver twenty-five ounces, lead thirty­ three percent, copper six per cent.

PRIDE OF THE WEST Silverton, one claim, mill run per IVIINING CO. ton $30, -vein ten feet, pay streak three feet, patented, tunnel and shaft 600 feet, output monthly 150 tons, plant, working force thirty, gold $4, silver thirty ounces, lead $10.

PRIDE OF EUREKA. Henry Miller and B. 0. Driscoll, Eu- reka mountain, B. 0. Driscoll, Silver­ ton, Colo., one claim, mill run per ton $15, vein ten feet, pay streak three feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, development twenty feet, tnnnel 155 feet, gold $8, silver ten ounces, lead fif­ teen per cent, copper ten per cent, near Sunnyside mine.

Qt.JEm\i ANNE NO. t James V. Kilbourn, Silverton, Colo., AND Tll.DEN. two claims, mill run per ton $50, vein fifteen feet, pay streak three feet, pat• ented, for sale, shaft 100 feet, tunnel 180 feet, working force 84: SAN JUAN COUNTY. three, gold $3, silver fifty ounces, lead fifty per cent; best milling proposition in this camp.

QUEEN OF BOULDER. E. L. Roberts, Silverton, Animas dis- trict, two claims, mill run per ton $55, vein twenty feet, pay streak, pocket, for sale, bond and lease, shaft thirty-five feet, two tunnels, 350 feet, output monthly ten tons, gold $8, silver 1eventy-one ounces, seventeen per cent copper.

RED AND BONITA MOUNTAIN Dr. A.. Whipple,secretary; lVIINING CO. Quincy, Ill., Eureka moun- tain district, Bonita moun­ tain, fourteen claims, mill run per ton $45, vein four feet, pay streak thirty inches, three patented, tunnel 2800 feet, working force eight, gold, lead, copper, silver.

SILVER LAKE GROUP. E.· G. Stoiber, Silverton, Arastra basin, 117 claims, mill run per ton $60, vein six feet, pay streak three feet, eighty patented, tunnel six miles, shaft 500 feet, output forty tons concentrates daily, working force 325. This is one of the oldest andlargestproducers in the San Juan district, thoroughly equipped in every way, elec­ tric plant, bunk house costing $20,000; this property has produced millions.

SUNNYSIDE. Judge J. H. Terry, Denver, M. W. Strong mana- ger; Silverton, Colo., Eureka, two claims, mill run per ton $40 to $500, vein ten to one hundred feet, pay streak five feet, pa.tented, for eale, tunnel and shaft 1500 feet, output month­ ly 800 tons, patented, working force ten, gold $5, silver twenty ounces, lead $5, concentrates, tramway 8,800 feet, ten stamp mill; produced more than any other property in the district.

SAN JUAN STAR lVIINING CO. Denver, Evening Star, J. J. Yeckel superintendent, Eu­ reka district, Mastodon gulch, one claim, mill run per ton $40, SAN JUAN OOUNTY. 85 yein twenty feet, pay streak three feet, for sale, tunnel 400 feet, output monthly fifty tons, working force four, gold $2, silver sixty ounces, lead $3 per ton.

SILVE...~ LEDGE. Ex-Governor Routt, Jos. B. Warner, two claims, vein three feet, shaft 400 feet, working force thirty, electric plant, concentrates.

SUNNYSIDE EXTENSION. F. W. Popple, Denver; one claim, mill run per ton $20, vein forty feet, pay streak three feet, patented, for sale, tunnel and shaft 1000 feet, output monthly 100 tons, plant, working force ten, ~old $8, silver thirty ounces.

SILVER WING MINING CO. Silverton, two claims, mill run per ton $30, vein eight feet, pay streak two feet, patented, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel and shaft 400 feet, output monthly twenty tons, plant, gold $5, silver forty ounces, copper $5.

SCOTIA. Rasmus Hanson, Eureka, one claim, mill run per ton $1500, vein three feet, pay streak six inches, patented, £or sale, development 300 feet, tunnel and shaft, output monthly ten tons, working force four, gold $1000, silver 500 ounces.

TITUSVILLE. Thomas Kane, Silverton, one claim, mill run per ton $30, vein twenty feet, pay streak three feet, patented, for sale, tunnel 500 feet, plant~ gold $4, silver fifty ounces.

TOM MOORE MINING CO. Silverton, Tom Moore, one claim, mill run per ton $40, vein twelve feet, pay streak three feet, patented, for sale, tunnel and shaft 600 feet, output monthly forty tons, working force six, gold $2, silver forty ounces, lead $15. THE LUCY MINING Messrs. Thomas, Choppie and Phelps, AND MILLING CO. Denver; ~Iessrs. Thomas, Kelly, Mo.; F. Frazell, Chicago. 86 SAN JUAN COUNTY. THE CElVIEN'T CREEK Colorado Springs, C. H. Nazro, super­ GOLD MINING CO. intendent; two claims, mill run per ton $25, vein thirty feet, pay streak thirty feet, patented, tunnel and shaft 1500 feet, output monthly, 800 tons, plant, working force twenty, gold $15, silver fifteen ounces.

THE FLORENCE. Mrs. M. A. Garrett, Silverton, Animas min- in~ district, prospect, two claims, mill run per ton $35, vein ten feet, pay streak three feet, for sale, bond and lease, two tunnels sixty feet, output monthly twenty tons, work­ ing force two, gold $10, silver 50 ounces.

THE TIGER MINING R. W. Watson, president; J. H. Robin, AND MILLING CO. vice president; G. H. Stoiber, treasurer; Silverton, Colo.; capital $100,000, Silver Lake Basin, Royal Tiger Group, six claims, vein eighteen feet, pay streak four feet, patented, development :five levels, tunnel and shaft, output monthly 900 tons, working force fifty, gold $7, silver $50, lead sixty per cent, plant.

TURTLEDOVE. Geo. Hempell, McKinney, Stubbs & Jackway, E. I,. Roberts, Silverton, Animas district, two claims, mill run per ton $60, vein five feet, pay streak five feet, for sale, bond and lease, tunnel sixty feet, cut twenty feet, work­ ing force three, gold $10, silver ninety ounces, lead thirty-five per cent copper eight per cent.

WYMAN TUNNEL. Lewis Wyman, Silverton, one claim, mill run per ton $50, vein six feet, pay streak two feet, patented, for sale, tunnel 600 feet, gold $10, silver eighty ounces.

YUBA BILL GROUP. A. M. Jackson, B. 0. Driscoll, W. M. 0. Driscoll, M. 0. Lonergan, Silverton, B. 0. Driscoll manager, Eureka mining district, six claims, mill SAN JUAN OOUNTY. 87 run per ton average $18, vein three feet, pay streak three feet, for sale, bond and lease, tannel and shaft 890 feet, output month­ ly thirty tons, working force three, gold $14, silver eighteen ounces, lead twenty ... two per cent, copper four per cent.

1555-51 Blake St. Bon. I. hook, 1508-1 O16th Street.. DENVE~, COLO. CONSUMERS' WHOLESALE HOUSE, Groceries, Hardware,

T::E--1E LEE-KINSEY IMPLEMENT CO.,

WESTERN AGENTS FOR THE ONLY GENUINE COMMON SENSE SLEIGH.

FULL ASSORTMENT OF LATEST STYLES IN Buggies and Carriages.

EVERYTHING FOR THE farm and Garden.

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 16TH AND WAZEE STS. DENVER.

I lVlll~ EVEnYTBiliG Ili ~UBBEa STAf«PS, Seals, Steel Stamps, B{Ufning Strands, Steneils, Ete., Ete. ID.so pttint stoek Cett­ SEALS $2.60. tifiea tes, fiotatty t?eeM ottds, Ete. Patentee and Sole aiil SELF INKERS, Manfuacturer of this ~~- ~ soc, 75c, $1.00, ETC. p l W d p• w:- opu ar oo men m Solid 14 K Gold $1.50, A. S. CARTE~, tlenvett, Colo. Extra Heavy 14 K Gold $2, 733 16TH ST. Solid Silver soc. 35 Years Practical Experience. References Unlimited. J. 0. CRUOOft, Consulting Mining Engineer, Room No. 20 Patterson Place, DENVER, COLO. j 7th and Welton Streets.

E. P. Young, Prest. A. C. Bartow, V. P. C. S. Brown, Secy. Colorado Investment J'e Development Co. 209 EQUITABLE BLDG., DENVER. All kinds of mining and development work done at con­ tract prices. Annual assessment work done and affidavits of labor made. Mines examined. Reports made and guaranteed. Special attention to non-residents. Real es­ tate and loans. Bonds and statejwarrants negotiated. References by Permission: First National Hank, Denver; National Bank of Com­ Commerce, Denver; Illinois Safety Deposit Co., Chicago; Ivanpah Smelting Co., Los Angeles, Cal.

HINTS WHICH MAY B[ OF VALUE TO TH[ PROSPECTOR.

In response to inquiry, as to what energies to the development of locations would be the probability of a prospector already made, they might not become actually obtaining new locations in these sharers with the original locator in the several areas, reference should be made properties discovered; in a word, that to a matter which, it is believed, is they should trade off their labor for a worthy the thoughtful attention of those portion of the early locator's interests. to whom this communication is address­ In doing this, they are enabled to profit ed. by the preliminary work, and decide for It is apparent that the prospector, in themselves whether the locations are his desire to become the locator or actual such as to justify further development. discoverer of claims, often overlooks op­ When such a vein is exposed as to attract portunities equally promising and cer­ attention, there are numberless instances tainly of more frequent occurrence than where these original holders would be that of actual discovery. It is the his­ very willing to share their claims with tory of every newly-developed mining those who are ready to put in their labor district that the first arrivals devote as an offset, and hence they may be en­ their attention to the discovery and loca­ abled to secure, if not full interests, at tion of lodes and veins, neglecting any least large proportionate ownership in satisfactory development of the same. already promising prospects. Much of The result is that the second comers fre­ the future prosperity of Colorado must quently discover that all the district has depend on the more extended develop­ been previously staked, thus excluding ment of already located areas, and this them from all chance of making the orig­ extension of development can only be inal locations until the rights of these brought about by the methods here in­ early locators are forfeited through fail­ dicated, or by the money of the capital­ ure to conform to the legal requirements. ist who is prepared to pay cash rather As this postpones their chances for from than labor, for his proposed share. After sixty days to a year, they are a pt to be­ a camp is advanced, both in evidences of come discouraged and ·'move on.'' actual value or along the ordinary lines It is, therefore, suggested that when of mining excitement, the entrance of trained and skillful miners enter such a capital may be looked for and counted district, they should at once put them­ upon, but in its initial stages these new selves in communication and intercourse areas must look for their development to with the earlier arrivals, and endeavor the men actually doing the work, and to ascertain whether, by devoting their this point can hardly be urged too strong- 96 HINTS TO PROSPECTORS. ly upon the prospectors, who, the coming FIRST-The sinking of a shaft direct season, will invade and populate all the on the vein itself. mining areas of the state. SECOND.-Where the vein outcrops down the sides of a steep slope or moun­ tain incline, the running of a tunnel on General Methods of Mining and De• the vein, which kind of tunnel is known as an adit. velopment. THIRD.-The running of a tunnel at Under this title it is proposed to make right angles with the vein, with a view certain suggestions to the prospector re­ to reaching it at a given measured depth garding the most economical and satis­ below the outcrop, known as a cross-cut; factory method of developing an already and, discovered and located mining vein. FouRTH.-The sinking of a perpendic­ There are four general methods, one of ular shaft, with occasional cross cu ts, de­ which is usually adopted in the develop­ veloping the vein on its dip, as indicated ment of a mining vein or lode: below.

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[Method of Developing a vein by a Perpendicular Shaft and Cross Cuts. HINTS TO PROSPECTORS. 97

By all odds the most satisfactory and defined by means of a shaft, generally an economical method of developing a vein, inclined one upon the vein, it will do to where it can be adopted, is that known sink a perpendicular shaft, crossing the as the adit tunnel. This is a tunnel, vein at a given depth, cross-cuts from which, while it develops the vein itself which may be used in developing the and acts as a drain for the exit of water, same. at the same time is driven on the min­ The lastandmost questionable method eral. The sinking of the shaft on the of developing mining property in its in­ vein is second in importance,and, in fact, itial stages is that of a cross-cut tunnel, until the character of the pay streak has and yet when the continuity of the vein been clearly determined, it might be has been sufficiently established as to ranked first in order. give assurance that it continues to great To "stay with your mineral" is a pre­ depths, the cross-cut tunnel often be­ cept too often neglected by unskilled or comes a very valuable factor in the econ­ uninformed miners. Many of these have omical removal of mineral, and especially no sooner uncovered an attractive look­ for drainage. ing mineral lead than they at once begin So soon as both prospectors and inves­ to calculate how much easier itwould be tors are prepared to look upon the min­ to remove the ore through a cross cut ing of precious metals as a legitimate in­ tunnel, located at a long distance from dustry, presenting opportunities for gain the vein itself; hence, the country moun­ and profit of exceptional promise, then tain sides in certain districts are honey­ Colorado in general may look for an ad­ combed with the vain results of this vance along these lines, phenomenal over-confidence in the continuance and even, compared with the success of such continuity of mineral deposits. After the great camps as Leadville and Cripple pay streak has been clearly located and Creek.

Method of timbering adits and drifts in wide and narrow veins. 98 HINTS TO PROSPECTORS.

Methods of timbering shafts,:levels, tunnels and stopes. nenve1.1 \tattiety lYiaehine Shop, Thomas Gttom, Pttop.

-- MANUFACTURER OF j' IMPROVED STEAM HOISTERS. - Holsters of all styles a Specialty. Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers, Tools and General Machinery. SECOND-HAND MACHINERY OF ALL KINDS BOUGHT, SOLD AND EXCHANGED. Prompt attention to repairing all kinds of machinery. Steam engine Cylinders Rebored in their place. 2462 TO 2474 BLAKE ST. DENVER.

From Ridgway to Telluride, Saw Pit, Ophir, Rico, Dolores, Mancos, La Plata and Durangoc Opening up the most magnificent scen­ ery in the Rocky Mountains, and passing through the Famous Gold and Sihtetr fields of San miguel and !>olottes Counties AND THE MONTEZUMA AND SHENANDOAH VALLEYS, The great Agricultural Region of THE DOLORES RIVER.. This line brings the tourist within easy ride of the wonderful HOMES OF THE CLIFF DWELLERS. In connection with the Denver and Rio Grande it forms the unsurpassed All Rail "Around the Circle Trip." E. T. JEFFERY, PRESIDENT. MINING LAWS And Their Application to the Location of Mineral Claims.

Although, as a rule, the experienced sible, cross the claim with a width of 150 prospector is generally informed as to the feet on each side of the discovery shaft. methods required by the United States Where this width cannot be so propor• Lawa for securing rights upon any lead, tioned, or owing to interfering locations lode or mineral deposit, a few suggestions, or other reasons the full 300 feet cannot in a general way, followed by quotations be obtained, the location stake shmdd from the published statutes, may be of mention the distances from the side-line service. The figures attached refer to in either direction. In no case, however, the laws indicated in the appendix to can the&1e distances exceed 300 feet, or this chapter. 150 feet on either side. The location of As soon as a prospector, by following the discovery shaft in relation to the up the float or othel' indications, has dis­ claim measured lengthwise is of no im­ covered the outcropping of a mineral portance. In other words, the discovery vein, his general course of procedure is shaft may be centrally located, measur­ as follows: He first uncovers the lead, de­ ing 750 feet on the lead in each direction, termining its location and general course. or it may be located nearer one end than He then plants a stake at this point, and the other, the important point being that proceeds to sink a hole or shaft to the these two distances should be indicated, depth of 10 feet, following the directions and should not exceed in the aggregate the length of 1,500 feet. indicated in Notes A, B and J. In all districts of the state, with the exception After making the discovery and plant­ of Gilpin, Clear Creek, Boulder and Sum­ ing the stake, the discoverer has 90 days mit counties, the locator is entitled to a in which to file the location certificate, as width of 300 feet and a length of 1,500 indicated in Note D. It is especially im­ feet upon any discovery. In these special portant that the general form of indica­ counties the total width is limited to 150 ting the course or direction of a vein feet, or 75 feet on each side of the cen­ should be followed where it is possible. ter of the vein or crevice (Note C). This This direction should be made as accur­ width of 300 feet should, where it is pos- ate as possible. In other words, the MINING LAWS. 101 terms "northerly'' and "southerly" are not of its discovery, may be extremely prob• as good as to say "northeasterly" and lematical as regards its possible value, ''southwesterly," and it is better still if still at any time it may develop into a the direction can be determined by bonanza of almost limitless consequences, means of compass to the nearestpossible hence, too great attention cannot be paid line. The limits of the claim should be to conforming with all the technicalities defined first by a location stake at the requsite to secure what is known as "a shaft, as indicated, then by six stakes, good and sufficient title." Here atten­ one at each corner, and two stakes on the tion should be drawn to the fact, that in middle side-lines, that is 750 feet from the state of Colorado, Sections 16 and 36, either corner stake (Note E). In this in all townships, are the property of the matter of recording claims, it is advisa­ state. There are other exceptions, also, ble, by all means, where possible, to ob­ in certain districts, regarding timber re­ tain the services of a skillful surveyor, in servations, etc., which should be consid­ order that there may be no dispute as to ered in connection with all mining loca­ title owing to irregularities of location. tions. Se~tions 16 and 36, however, are Especially should attention be paid to known as State Lands, and are subject the law requiring a record of the claim to an entirely different order of title. to be made within the limits of time in­ The State Land Office leases land in dicated in Note D. Owing to recent blocks of ten acres each, under specially somewhat technical decisions, the pros­ defined laws, and it should be consulted pector should note the fact that it is ex­ as soon as it is discovered that any toca­ tremely important, almost vital, that he tion has been made upon this reserved should see to it that the lead on which territory. For directions for the location his discovery is located enters and de­ of tunnels, and the rights accruing under parts from the end-lines of his claim them see Notes R. S. and T; Placer Loca­ (Note P). In view of this fact, it is sug­ tions, Note U; Method for obtaining U. gested that so soon as the original dis­ S. Patents, Note V;Relocation of aband­ covery is made, and the discoverypost in oned claims, Note N. place, such surface uncoverings should follow as will enable him to trace the Mining Laws. vein throughout its entire length. By (A) LonE CLAIM-How LocATED.­ adopting this precaution, he will be safe Before filing such location certificate the in his final location, in covering the law discoverer shall locate his claim by: 1. regarding the entrance and exit of the Sinking a discovery shaft upon the lode lead through the end-lines. Where these to the depth of at least ten feet from the conditions are properly met, all prospec­ lowest part of the rim of such shaft at tors understand that they are then at the surface, or deeper if necessary to liberty to follow their lead to any depth show a well-defined crevice. 2. By post­ that they may be able to reach under the ing at the point of discovery on the sur­ general law (Note F). face a plain sign or notice, containing the name of the lode, the name of the locator Without entering more fully. into de­ and the date of discovery. 3. By mark­ tails regarding special requirements, ref­ ing the surface boundaries of the claim. erence· should be made to such additional (Sec. 2401, Gen. Stat. 1883. Rev. Stat. U. quotations from the laws as they appear S., Sec. 2324.) in these notes. It should be borne in {B) LENGTH OF LoDE CLAIM.-The mind, that, although a lead at the date length of any lode claim hereafter loca- 102 MINING LAWS. ted may equal but not exceed fifteen place. (Sec. 2402, Gen. Stat. 1883.) hu11dred feet along the vein. (Sec. 2397, (F} APEX, SIDE AND END-LINEs.-The Gen. Stat. 1883. Rev. Stat. U. S., Sec. locators of all mining locations hereto­ 2320.) fore made, or which shall hereafter be made, on any mineral vein, lode or ledge, (C) WIDTH OF T,onE CLAIM.-The width of lode claims hereafter located in situated on the public domain, their Gilpin, Clear Creek, Boulder and 8um­ heirs or assigns, where no adverse claim mit counties, shall be seventy-five feet on exists, on the tenth day of May 1872, so each side of the center of the vein or long aA they comply with the laws of the crevice; and in all other counties the United States, and with state and terri­ width of the same shall be one hundred torial and local regulations not in con­ and fifty feet on each side of the center flict with the laws of the United States of the vein or crevice. (Sec. 2398, Gen. governing their possessory title, shall Stat. 1'383. Practically same provisions have the exclusive right of possession expressed in Sec. 2320, Rev. State. U. S.) and enjoyment of all the surface includ­ ed within the lines of their locations, and (D) DISCOVERY-RECORDING-CONDI­ of all veins, lodes and ledges throughout TIONS.-The discoverer of a lode shall, their entire depth, the top or apex of within three months from the date of which lies inside of such surface lines ex­ discovery, record his claim in the office tended downward vertically, although or the recorder of the county in which such veins, lodes or ledges may so far de­ such lode is situated, by a location certi­ part from a perpendicular in their course ficate, which shall contain: 1. The name downward as to extend outside the ver­ of the lode. 2. The name of-the locator. tical side-lines of such surface locations; 3. The date of location. 4. The number but their right of possession to such out­ of feet in length claimed on each side of side parts of such veins or ledges shall the center of the discovery shaft. 5. be confined to such portions thereof as The general course of the lode as near ac, lie between vertical planes drawn down­ may be (Rev. Stat. U.S., Sec. 2324. Gen. ward, as above described, through the Stat. Colo., Sec. 2399.) end-lines of their location, so continued (E) SURFACE BouNDARIEs How MARK­ in their own direction that such planes En.-Such surface boundaries shall be will intersect such exterior parts of such marked by six substantial posts hewed veins or ledges; and nothing in this sec or marked on the side or sides which are tion shall authorize the locator or pos­ in toward the claim, and sunk in the sessor of a vein or lode which extends in ground, to-wit: One at each corner and its downward course beyond the vertical one at the center of each side-line. Where lines of his claim to enter upon the sur­ it is practically impossible, on account of face of a claim owned or possessed by bed rock, to sink such posts, they may another. (Rev. Stat. U. S., Sec. 2322). be placed in a pile of stones, and where, (G) PUBLIC LANDS OPEN TO PROS­ in marking the surface boundaries of a PECTORS. --All valuable mineral deposits claim, any one or more of such posts shall in lands belonging to the United States, fall by right upon precipitous ground, both surveyed and unsurveyed, are here­ where the proper placing of it is imprac­ by declared to be free and open to ex­ ticable or dangerous to life or limb, it ploration and purchase and the lands in shall be legal and valid to placeany such which they are found, to occupation and post at the nearest practicable point, purchase by citizens of the United States suitably marked to designate the proper and those who have declared their in- MINING LAWS. 103 tention to become such, under regula­ the point where the lode may be in any tions prescribed by law, and according manner discovered, shall be equivalent to the local customs or rules of miners in to a discovery shaft. (Sec. 2403, Gen. Stat. the several mining districts, so far as the 1883.) same are applicable and not inconsistent (L) AssESSMENT WORK.- * * * On. with the laws of the United States. (Rev. each claim located after the tenth day of Stat. U. S., Sec. 2319.) May, 1872, and until a patent has been (H) WHAT LOCATION lNCLUDEs.-The issued therefor, not less than one hundred location or location certificate of any dollars' worth of labor shall be performed lode claim shall be construed to include or improvements made during each year. all surface ground within the surface * * * (Rev. Stat. U. S., Sec. 2324.) lines thereof, and all lodes and ledges (M) AFFIDAVIT OF PERFORMANCE OF throughout their entire depth, the top LABOR.-Within six months after any set or apex of which lie inside of such lines time or annual period allowed for the extended downward, vertically, with such performance of labor or making improve­ parts of all lodes or ledges as· continue by ments upon any lode or placer claim, the dip beyond the side-lines of the claim, person on whose behalf such outlay was but shall not include any portion of such made, or some person for him, may make lodes or ledges beyond the end-lines of and record in the office of the recorder of the claim or the end-lines continued, the county wherein such claim is situate, whether by dip or otherwise, or beyond affidavit * * * and such affidavit, the side-lines in any other manner than when so recorded, shall be prima facie by the dip of the lode. (Sec. 2405, Gen. evidence of the performance of such la­ Stat. 1883.) . bor or the making of such improvements. (I) CERTIFICATE FOR EACH LOCATION.­ (Sec. 2410, Gen. Stat. 1883, as amended No location certificate shall claim more March 31, 1887.) than one location, whether the location (N) THE RELOCATION OF ABANDONED be made by one or several -Ioca tors, and if CLAIMs.-The relocation of abandoned it purport to claim more than one loca­ lode claims shall be by sinking a new tion it shall be absolutely void, except as discovery shaft and fixing new bound­ to the first location therein described, aries in the same manner as if it were and if they are described together, or so the location of a new claim; or, the relo­ that it cannot be told which location is cator may sink the original discovery first described, the certificate shall be shaft ten feet deeper than it was at the void as to all. (Sec. 2412, Gen. Stat.1883.) time of abandonment, and erect new or (J) SIXTY DAYS TO SINK SHAFT.-The adopt the old boundaries, renewing the discoverer shall have sixty days from posts if removed or destroyed. In either the time of uncovering or disclosing a case a new location stake shall be erected. lode to sink a discovery shaft thereon. In any case, whether the whole or part (Sec. 2404:, Gen. Stat. 1883.) of an abandoned claim is· taken, the (K) ADIT OR CROSS-CUT EQUIVALENT location certificate may state that the TO SHAFT.-Any open-cut, cross-cut or whole or any part of the new location is tunnel which shall cut a lode at the located as abandoned property. (Sec. depth of ten feet below the surface shall 2411, Gen. Stat. 1883.) hold such lode, the same as if a discovery (0) WHEN LOCATION CEJiTIFICATE shaft were sunk thereon, or an adit of V Oin.-Any location certificate of a lode at least ten feet in along the lode from claim which shall not contain the name 104 MINING LAWS. of the lode, the name of the locator, the have the right of way through all lodes date of location, the number of lineal which may lie in its course. (Sec. 2390, feet claimed on each side of the discovery Gen. Stat.1883) shaft, the general course of the lode, and (T) TUNNEL CLAIM-RIGHTS OF Dis­ such description as shall identify the C0VERY.-Where a tunnel is run for the claim with reasonable certainty, shall be development of a vein or lode, or for the void. (Sec. 2400, Gen. Stat. 1883.) discovery of mines, the owners of such (P) END LINES ABsOLUTE.-lf the top tunnel shall have the right of possession or apex of a lode in its longitudinal course of all veins or lodes within three thousand extends beyond the exterior lines of the feet from the face of such tunnel on the claim at any point on the surface, or as line thereof not previously known to extended vertically downward, such lode exist, discovered in such tunnel, to the may not be followed in its longitudinal same extent as if discovered from the course beyond the point where it is inter­ surface; and locations on the line of such sected by the exterior lines. (Sec. 2406, tunnel of veins or lodes not appearing Gen. Stat. 1883.) on the surface made by other parties (Q) FIRST DISCOVERY V ALID.-Where after the commencement of the tunnel, two crevices are discovered at a distance and while the same is being prosecuted from each other, and known by different with reasonable diligence, shall be in­ names, and it shall appear that the two valid; but failure to prosecute the work are one and the same lode, the persons on the tunnel for six months shall be having recorded on the first discovered considered as an abandonment of the lode shall be the legal owners. (Sec 2392, right to all undiscovered veins on the Gen. Stat. 1883.) line of such tunnel. (Rev. Stat. U. S.2323.) (R) TUNNEL CLAIM--REOORDING.-If (U) PLACER CLAIM- LOCATION-RE­ any person or persons shall locate a CORDING.-The discoverer of a placer tunnel claim for the purpose of discovery, claim shall, within thirty days fron1 the he shall record the same, specifying the date of discovery, record his claim in the place of commencement and termination office of the recorder of the county in thereof, with the names of the parties in­ which such said claim is situated, by a terested therein. (Sec. 2389, Gen. Stat. location certificate, which shall contain: 1883.) 1. The name of the claim, designating (S) DIMENSIONS OF TUNNEL CLAIM.­ it as a placer claim. 2. The name of the Any person or persons engaged in work­ locater. 3. The date of location. 4. The ing a tunnel, within the provisions of number of acres or feet claimed. 5. A this chapter, shall be entitled to two description Qf the claim, by such refer­ hundred and fifty feet each way from ence to natural objects or permanent said tunnel, on each lode so discovered; monuments as ahall identify the claim. provided, they do not interfere with any Before filing such location certificate the vested rights. If it shall appear that discoverer shall locate his claim: 1. By claims have been staked off and recorded posting upon such claim a plain sign or prior to the record of said tunnel, on the notice, containing the name of the claim, line thereof, so that the required number the name of the locator, the date of dis­ of feet cannot be taken near said tunnel, covery, and the number of acres or feet they may be taken upon any part thereof claimed. 2. By marking the surface where the same may be found vacant; boundaries with substantial posts, and and persons working said tunnel shall sunk into the ground, to wit: One at each MINING LAWS, 105 angle of the claim, (Sec. 2385, Gen. Stat. surveyor-general that five hundred 1883.) dollars' worth of labor has been expend.. ed or improvements made upon the (V) How TO OBTAIN PATENT.-A pat­ claim by himself or grantors; that the ent for any land claimed and located plat is correct, with such further de­ for valuable deposits may be obtained scription by such reference to natural in the following manner: Any person, objects or permanent monuments as shall association or corporation authorized to identify the claim, and furnish an accur­ locate a claim under this chapter, hav­ ate description, to be incoporated in the ing claimed and located a piece of land patent. At the expiration of the sixty for such purposes, who has or have com­ days of publication, the claimant shall file plied with the terms of this chapter, his affidavit, showing that the plat and may file, in the proper land office, an notice have been posted in a conspicuous application for a patent, under oath, place on the claim during such period of showing such compliance, together with publication. If no adverse claim shall have a plat and field notes of the claim or been filed with the register and the :re­ claims-said notice to state whether or ceiver of the proper land office at the not the location is of record, and if so, expiration of the sixty days of publica­ where the record may be found, giving tion, it shall be assumed that the appli­ book and page thereof-made by or under cant is entitled to a patent, upon the the direction of the United States sur­ payment to the proper officer of five veyor-general, showing accurately the dollars per acre, and that no adverse boundaries of the claim or claims, which claim exists; and thereafter no objection shall be distinctly marked by monuments from third parties to the issuance of a on the ground, and shall post a copy of patent shall be heard, except it be shown such plat, together with a notice of such that the applicant has failed to comply application for a patent, in a conspicuous with the terms of this chapter. (Rev. place on the land embraced in such plat Stat. U.S., Sec. 2325.) previous to the filing of the application for a patent, and shall file an affidavit (W) RIGHT TO TIMBER ON PuBLIO of at least two persons that such notice LANns.-That all citizens of the United has been duly posted, and shall file a States and other persons bona fide resid­ copy of the notice in such land office, and ents of the States of Colorado, or Nev­ shall thereupon be entitled to a patent ada, or either of the Territories of New for the land in the manner following: Mexico, Arizona, Wyoming, Dakota, The register of the land office, upon the Idaho or Montana, and all other min­ filing of such application, plat, field notes eral districts of the United States, notices and affidavits, shall publish a shall be and are hereby authorized and notice that such application has been permitted to fell and remove, for build­ made, for the period of sixty days, in a ing, agricultural, mining or other domes .. newspaper to be by him designated as tic purposes, any timber or other trees published nearest to such claim; and he growing or being the public lands, said shall also post such notice in his office lands being mineral, and not subject for the same period. The claimant, at to en try under existing laws of the the time of filing this application, or at United States, except for mineral entry, any time thereafter, within the sixty in either of said States, Territories or days of publication, shall file with the districts of which such citizens or per­ register a certificate of the United States sons may be at the time bona fide resid- 106 MINING LAWS. ent, subject to such rules and regulations ance thereof made by the Secretary of as the Secretary of the Interior may pre- the Interior, shall be deemed guilty of a scribe for the protection of the timber misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall and of the undergrowth growing upon be fined in any sum not exceeding five such lands, and for other purposes; pro- hundred dollars, and to which may be vided, the provisions of this act shall added imprisonment for any term not not extend to railroad corporations. exceeding six months. (Act of Congress, *. * * Any person or persons who approved June 3, 1878. Rev. Stat. U. S., shall violate the provisions of this act, Chap. 20, p. 88) or any rules and regulations in pursu- COMPOSITION Of MINERALS. By Prof. [dward S. Dana.

HEMATITE (Iron Oxide) Iron 34.30 per cent Iron 70.00 per cent Arsenic 46.00 " " Oxygen 30.00 " Sulphur 19. 70 " "

BOG IRON, {Limontite.) CARBONATE OF IRON, (Siderite.) Iron 59 80 per cent Iron oxide 62.10 per cent Oxygen 25.70 " " Carbonic acid 37.90 " " Water 14.50 " " MANGANESE GLANCE, (Alabandite.) IRON PYRITE, (Marcasite.) Manganese 53.10 per cent White Iron. Sulphur 36.90 " " Iron 46.60 per cent Sulphur 53.40 " " BRITTLE SILVER, (Stephanyte.) Silver 68.50 per cent MAGNETIC PYRITE, (Pyrrhotite.} Sulphur 16.30 " " Iron 60.40 per cent Antimony 15.20 " " Sulphur 39.60 " " ARSENICAL PYRITE, {A.rseno-pyrit-e.) RUBY SILVER, (Pyrargyrite.) Mispickel. Silver 59.90 per cent GRAY OXIDE OF MANGANESE, (Manganite.) Sulphur 17.80 " " Antimony 22.30 " " Manganese - 62.40 per cent Oxygen 27.30 " " BROMIDE OF SILVER, (Bromyrite.) Water 10.30 " " Silver 57.40 per cent Bromine - 42.60 " " MAGNETITE (Black Oxide) Iron 72.40 per cent ANTIMONIAL SILVER SULPHIDE, Oxygen 27.60 " (.Miargyrite.) HORN SILVER, (Cerargyrite.) Silver 36.90 per cent Silver 75.30 per cent Antimony 41.20 " " Chlorine 24.70 " " Sulphur . 21.90 " " 108 COMPOSITION OF MINERALS.

SILVER AND COPPER SULPHIDE, CALAVERITE. (Stromeyerite.) (Cripple Creek, Colo.) (Yankee Girl Mine, Silverton, Colo.) Gold 44.50 per cent Silver 53.10 per cent Tellurium 55.50 " " Copper 31.10 " " A little silver Sulphur 15.80 " " HESSITE. (Silver Telluride.) ANTIMONIAL SULPHURET OF SILVER, Silver 63.30 per cent (Freislebenite.) Tellurium 36.70 " " Silver 24.50 per cent Part of silver often replaced by gold. Lead 31.30 " " Antimony 25.50 " " PROUSTITE, (Light red silver ore.) Sulphur 18.70 ,, " Silver 65.50 per cent Arsenic 15.10 " " RED CARBONATE OF MANGANESE, (Rhodocrocite.) Sulphur 19.40 " " Manganese oxide 61.70 per cent ANTIMONL.\L SILVER. (Dyscrasite. Carbonic acid 38.30 " " Silver 72.90 per cent SYLVANITE, (Gold Telluride.) Antimony 27.10 " " Gold 28.50 per cent 15.70 " ,, GREEN CARBONATE OF COPPEB, Silver (Malachite.) Tellurium 55.80 " " Copper Oxide 71.90 per cent Carbonic Acid PETZITE, (Gold and Silver Telluride.) 19.90 " " Water 8.20 " " Gold - 25.50 per cent Silver 42.00 " " MEERSCHAUM. Tellurium 32.50 " " Silica 61.00 per cent Magnesia SHERMERITE. 27.00 " " (Boulder County, Colo.) Water 12.00 " " Silver 24.50 per cent GYPSUM, [Sulphate of Lime.] Sulphur 11.80 " " Plaster of Paris. Bismuth 47.30 " " Lime 32.50 per cent Lead 16.40 " " Sulphuric Acid 46.60 ,, ,, Water 20.90 " " RED OXIDE OF COPPER, (Cnprit-e.) ALUM, [Kalinite.] Copper 88.80 per cent Native. Oxygen 11.20 " " Potassium Sulphate 18.10 per cent Aluminum 36.30 " u BLACK OXIDE OF COPPER, Water (Tenorite-Melaconite.) 45.60 " " Copper 79.80 per cent ONYX. Oxygen 20.20 " " Silica 100 per cent MEXICAN ONYX. SILVER GLANCE, (Argentite.) Calcium Marble Silver 87.10 per cent Lime 56.00 per cent Sulphur 12.90 " " Carbonic Acid 44.00 " ,. COMPOSITION OF MINERALS. 109

IN PYRITES, [Stannite.) LEAD SULPHATE, [Anglesite.] Bell Metal. Lead Oxide 73.60 per cent Tin 27.50 per cent Sulphuric Acid 26.40 " " Copper 29.50 ,, " Iron 18.10 " " SILICATE OF ZINC, [Calamine.] Sulphur 29.90 " " Lime Oxide 67.50 per cent Silica 25.00 " " NICKEL SULPHIDE, [Polydymite.J Water 7.50 " " Nickel 59.40 per cent Sulphur '40.60 " " ZINC BLENDE, [Black Jack.] Zinc 67.00per cent GRAPHITE, [Plumbago.] Sulphur 33.00 " " Carbon like the diamond, with some iron oxide and clay. ZINC CARBONATE, DRY BONE. [Smithsonide.] CALOMEL. Zinc Oxide 64.80 per cent Chlorine 15.10 per cent Carbonic Acid 35.20 " " ,1 90 u ., Mercury 8-:t:. RED OXIDE OF ZINC, [Trincite.] COBALITE. Zinc 80.30 per cent Cobalt 35.50 per cent Oxygen 19.70 " " Sulphur 19.30 " " Arsenic - 45 •20 " " NICKEL GLANCE, [Gersdorfiite.] Nickel 35.40 per cent MOLYBDENITE. Arsenic 45.30 " " Molybdenum 60.00 per cent Sulphur 19.30 " " Sulphur 40,00 " " PLATINUM. SPERRYLITE. This metal is only found in metallic Platinum - 56.50 per cent condition, sometimes alloyed with iri- Arsenic 43.50 " " dium or osmium.

TIN STONE, [Caseiterite.] LEAD CARBONATE, [Cerussite.] Cornwall. Lead Oxide .. 83.50 per cent Tin 78.60 per cent Carbonic Acid 16.50 " " Oxygen 21.40 " " LEAD OXIDE, [Massicot.] Lead Ocher. NICOLITE. Lead 92.80 per cent Nickel 43.60 per cent Oxygen 7.20 ° " Arsenic 56.40 ,, " AMBER, [So.ccinite.] CINNABAR. Carbon 78.94 per cent Mercury 86.20 per cent Hydrogen 10.53 " " Sulphur 13.80 " " Oxygen 10.53 " " NICKEL TELLURIDE, LMelonite.] GALENA, [Lead Sulphide.] Nickel 23.SO per cent Lead 86.60 per cent Tellurium 76.20 " " Sulphur 13.4.0 ,, " 110 OOMPOSITION OF MINERALS.

SAPPHIRE. FELDSPAB, [Orthoelase.J Alumina 100 per cent Silica 64.70 per cent Cobalt Trace. Alumina 18.40 " " Potash 16.90 " " RUBY. Alumina 85.00 per cent DiillOND. Magnesia 12.00 " " Carbon 100 per cent Chromic Acid 3.00 ,, " ASBESTOS. EMERALD. Silica 59.00 per cent Silica 67.00 per cent Magnesia 29 .00 " " Alumina 19.00 " " Lima 6.00 " " Glucina (Berryllia) 14.00 " " Alumina and Iron 6.00 " "

TURQUOIS. TALC. Alumina 46.80 per cent Silica 63.50 per cent :Phosphoric Acid 32.60 " " Magnesia 31.70 " " Water • 20·60 " " W a te:r ':t.-'80 " "

GARNET, [Almandite.] MICA, [Muscovite.] Silica 36.20 per cent Silica 45.20 per cent Alumina 20.50 " " Alumina 38.50 " u Iron 43.30 " " Potash 11.80 " " Water 450. " " CORUNDUM. Aluminum 52.90 per cent BORAX. Oxygen 47.10 " " Boric Acid 36.60 per cent Soda 16.20 " "

TOPAZ. Water ~"720 . " u Silicon 15.60 per cent Aluminum 29.90 ,, " SALT, [Halite.] 1 Fluorine 17.60 " " Common or Rock Salt. Oxygen 36. 90 " " Sodium 89.30 per cent Chlorine 60.70 " " CRYOLITE. [Greenland.] Fluorine 54.40 per cent SALTPETER, [Niter.] Aluminum - 12.80 ,, ,, Potassium - 39.00 per cent Nitrogen Sodium • 32.80 " " 14.00 " " Oxygen 47.00 ,, " FLUOR SPAR, [Fluorite.] Fluorine 48_90 per cent DOMEYKITE, [Arsenical Copper.] Calcium 51.10 " " Copper 71. 70 per cent Arsenic 28.30 u " BABYTES, [Barite.] Heavy Spar. CHALCOCITE. Baryta 65. 70 per cent Copper 79.80 per cent Sulphuric Acid • &l30 " " Sulphur 20.20 " " COMPOSITION OF MINERALS. 111

GRAY COPPER, [Tennantite.] PEACOCK COPPER SULPHIDE, [Bronite.] Arsenic al. Copper 55.50 per cent Copper 57 .50 per cent Iron 16.40 " " Sulphur 25.50 " " Sulphur 28.10 ._ " Arsenic 17.00 " " Part of copper in both epecies is re­ COPPER PYRITIES, [Chalcopyrite.] placed by iron, zinc, silver, lead. Copper 84.50 per cent Iron 30.50 " " SILICATE OF COPPER, [Chrysocolla.] Sulphur 85.00 " " Copper Oxide - 45.20 per cent Silica 84.30 " " GRAY COPPER, [Tetrahedrite.] Antimonial. Water 20.50 " . " Copper 52.10 per cent BORNITE, (Purple Copper Ore.] Sulphur 23.10 " " Copper 55.58 per cent Antimony 24.80 " " Iron 16.36 " " BLUE CA.RB. OF COPPER, (Azurite.) Sulphur 28.06 " " Copper Oxide 69.20 per cent ENARGITE. Carbonic Acid - 25.60 " " Sulphur 32.50 per cent Water 5.20 " " Arsenic 19.10 " " Copper 48.40 " " COPPER GLANCE, (Redrnthite.) Copper 80.00 per cent BOURNONITE. Sulphur 20.00 " '' Sulphur 19.60 per cent Antimony 25.00 " ,, COPPER CHLORIDE, (Nantokite.) Lead 42.40 " ,, Copper 64.10 per cent Copper 18.00 " " Chlorine 85.90 " u SUNDRY TABLES, [TC.

Land Measurements. Li. Lithium. lRod 16¾ feet Mg. Magnesium. 1 Mile 320 rods Mg. Magnesia. 1 Chain 66 feet Mn. Manganese. 1 Mile 80 chains Na. Sodium. 1 u 5,280 feet Na. Soda. lAcre 43,560 square feet Ni. Nickel. 1 Mile Square 640 acres N. Nitrogen. 10 Acres 660 feet square ·· N. Nitric Acid Chemical Symbols. 0. Oxygen. Al. Aluminum, Aluminium. P. Phosphorus. Ag. Silver. Pt. Platinum. As. Arsenic, Pb. l.,ead. Au. Gold. .Pb. Oxide of Lead.. Ba. Barium. Sb. Antimony. Bi. Bismuth. SiO2. Silica. Ca. Calcium. Sn. Tin. Ca. Lime. S. Sulphur. O. Carbon. V. Vanadium. C. Carbonic Acid. Zn. Zinc. Cl. Clarine. HCI. Hydrochloric Acid. Rules for Computing Interest. Cr. Cranium. When the principal contains cents, Co. Cobalt. point off four places from the right. When Cu. Copper. the principal contains dollras only, point Cu. Oxide of Copper. off two places. Fe. Iron. Four per cent. Multiply the principal F. Fluorine. by the number of days to run and divide HF. Hydrofluoric Acid. by 90. Hg. Mercury. Five per cent. Multiply by number H. Hydrogen. of days and divide by 72. Ii. Water. Six per cent. Multiply by number of K. Potassium. Ten per cent. Multiply by number SUNDRY TABLES, ETO. 113 days and divide by 60. Iron, cast, " 450 7.21 Seven per cent. Multiply by number '" wrought, "- 485 7.78 of days and divide by 52. Lead, cast, " 708 11.36 Eight per cent. Multiply by number Mercury, " 849 13.596 of days and divide by 45. Platinum, " 1344 21.531 Nine per cent. Multiply by number Silver, pure, " 654 10.474 of days and di via e by 40. " standard, " 644 10.312 of days and divide by 36. Steel, " 490 7.85 Twelvepercent. Multiplybynumber Tin, cast, " 455 7.29 of days and divide by 30. Zinc, " 437 7. Fifteen per cent. Multiply by num­ ber of days and divide by 24. Weight of Ores. Eighteen per cent. Multiply by num­ [One cubic foot of water, 62.4 lbs.] ber of days and divide by 20. Wt.of Cu. Ft. in Twenty per cent. Multiply by num­ Cu. Foot. One Ton ber of days and divide by 18. Quartz, Lbs. 162 12.34 Twenty-four per cent. Multiply by Silver Glance, " 455 4.39 number of days and divide by 15. Ruby Silver, " 362 5.52 Light Ruby Silver " 336 5.95 Value of Metals. Stephanite, B. S., " 386 5.18 APPROXIMA.TE. Horn silver, " 345 5.80 Lb. Avoirdupois . Stibnite, Antimony Glance 287 6.99 Alluminum, bar - about $ . 60 Cinnabar, Lbs. 549 3.64 Antimony, " .10 Copper Pyrites, " 262 7.63 Bismuth, crude, " 1.95 Gray Copper, " 280 7.14 Copper, ,c .11 Galena, " 461 4.34 Gold, " 301.45½ Sphalerite (Blend), " 249 8.03 Lead, " .04 Iron Pyrites, " 312 6.41 Mercury, " .58 Limestone, " 174 11.50 Platinum, " 240.00 Clay, u 162 12.34 Silver Bullion, " 9.00 Tin, " .13 Gold Values . . 04 Zinc, " 1 oz. Troy pure gold is worth $ 20.671 .05 Arsenic, " 1 lb. " " " " 248.05 ,, .37 Nickei, 1 pennyweight (dwt) 1.03½ 4800.00 " Vanadium, Crystal, " 1 grain " 0,04¾ Weight of Metals. 1 oz. Avoirdupois " 18.84 1 lb. " " 301.45 Per Spec. 1 ton(2000 lbs.) Cu. Ft. Gravity. " 602,900.00 Alluminum, Lbs. 166 2.67 Antimony, " 419 6.72 Foreign Weights Compared with Bismuth, " 613 9.822 United States Standards. Brass, " 524 8.40 1 ounce of pure silver contains 480 gr. Bronze, " 534 8.561 1 United States Dollar contains 371.25 " Copper, " 537 8.607 1 United States Dollar Weighs 412.50 " Gold, pure, 24:c, " 1208 19.361 Composed of 90 per cent silver and 10 " standard, " 1106 17.724 per cent alloy. 114 SUNDRY TABLES, ETC.

Coins of the United States. Value of Metals. (By Act of Congress, 1873.) Per Pound. Oold Coins. Vanadium ...... _...... $10,000 Grains. Fineness Rubidium...... 9,070 Dollar, Unit of Value 25.8 900 Zirconium...... 7,200 Quarter Eagle $ 2.58 64.5 " Lithium...... 7,000 Half " 5.00 129.0 " Glucinum...... 5,400 Eagle 10.00 258.0 " Calcium ...... 4,500 Double Eagle 20.00 516.0 " Strontium...... 4,200 Terbium...... 4,080 Yetrium...... • ...... 4,080 Silver Coins. Erbium...... 3,400 Grains. Fineness. Cerium...... • 3,500 Dollar, 412.50 900 Didgmium...... 3,200 Half Dollar 192. 00 " Indium...... 3,200 Quarter Dollar 96. 00 " Ruthenium...... 2,400 Dime 38.40 " Rhodium ...... 2,300 Five Cent Nickel 77.16 Cu. 75pr.ct Niobium...... 2,300 Ni. 25 pr. ct. . Barium ...... 1,800 One Cent Piece, 48 gr., Cu. 95 pr. ct. Sn. Paladium...... 1,400 and Zn. 5 pr. ct. (3 Sn. 2 Zn.) Osmi U'ID • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1,300 Iridium ...... 1,090 Uranium...... 900 Miscellaneous Weights. Titanium...... 689 480 grains in 1 oz. Troy. Chremi U'ID • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 560 4-37½ " " 1 oz. Av. Gold...... 335 5760 " " 1 lb. Troy. Malybdenum...... 225 7000 " "l lb. Av. Thallium ...... 225 14.583xoz. Troy in 1 lb. Av. Platinum...... 150 .91145x oz. Troy in 1 oz. Av . Manganese ...... 130 1.215x lbs. Troy in l lb. Av. Tungstine ...... 115 15.432 Grains in 1 Gramme Magnesium ...... 64 1000. Grammes " 1 Kilogramme PotassiU'ID • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • · 64 Silver...... • 20 453.6029x Grammes in l lb. Av. 28.35x " " 1 oz. Av. Where Our Gold Ooes To. 31.104x " " 1 oz. Troy. In the aggregate, the United States, the states, counties, municipalities, rail­ Measurements. roads and other corporations owe to for­ 660 X 330 feet equals 5 Acres. eign bondholders nearly three billion 500 X 500 " " 5.73 Acres. dollars, payable in gold, about seventy 660 X 600 " " 10 Acres. five per cent of which is held in Great 1320 X 660 " " 20 " Britain. The interest on that vast sum 800 X 1089 " " 20 " is one hundred and fifty million dollars, 93.3¾ :x 93.3¾ " " 20 " which amount is being paid yearly in 1320 X 1320 " " 40 " gold and sent from this country, a drain 2640 x2640 " " 160 " that no other country could stand. SUNDRY TABLES, ETC. 115

Bulk of the World's Coin Supply. To those engaged in placer mining the If all the silver in the world coined as following information regarding the a­ money were melted into a solid cube it mount of water represented by a so-called could be contained in a room 66 feet "miner's inch" may be of service. square and 66 feet high, with room to The miner's inch of water is the spare. If all the gold coin in the world quantity which will filow through an were similarly treated, a room 22 feet aperture in an inch plank one inch square and 22 feet high would hold it square, the water being at rest, and its without being wholly filled. The best surface six inches above the top of- aper­ authorities estimate the total sum of ture. It equals silver money in the world at 3,750 mil­ .02499 cubic feet in one second. lions of dollars, and the total value of 1.4994 cubic feet in one minute. gold money in the world at 3,800 mil­ 89.9640 cubic feet in one hour. lions of dollars. 2159.1460 cubic feet in twenty-four hrs.

What Olves Oold its Commercial Value Method of Calculating Cost per ton for The bank of England (under the act Stoping Ore. of July 19, 1844, Sec 4) issues its notes Thickness of the pay. streak at Cost of stoping the point considered. per ton. in payment· for all gold offered at the A streak 4 inches thick ...... $17. 33 rate of £3,17s, 10},d per ounce (Standard, " 6 " " ······••·• 11.55 or 11-12 fine, or 440 fine grains), equal to " 8 " " ...... 8 . 67 $20.671, for one ounce of fine gold of 480 " 10 " " ...... 6. 93 grains. The United States mints also " 12 " " ...... 5. 78 issue gold coin for all gold deposited, at ,, 14 " " ...... 4.95 the same rate.

Mining Terms. Copper in ores is paid for at from Adit-A tunnel on the vein. $1.00 to $1.50 per unit [or per cent] ac­ Alluvium-Materials transported and cording to the grade or character of the deposited by water. ore, and the demand for same on the Amalgam-Gold or silver combined day of sale. with mercury. Apex--The top or higher point of a The following weights are those of vein. ores and minerals actually in place. Auriferous-Any rock or sand bear­ ing gold. SUBSTANCE. WT. OF 1 CU. CUBIC FEET FT. IN LBS. IN 1 TON. Bed-rock-Rock underlying placer Quartz ...... 163 12.M mines. Argentite-Silver Glance455 4.39 Blind-Lode-Where there appears no Tetrahedite-gray copper280 7.14 out-crop to a vein. Galena ...... 461 4.34 Breast-The face of a tunnel or drift. Pyrites ...... 312 6.41 Breccia-Angular rocks cemented to­ Limestone ...... 174 11.50 gether. Kaolin-clay...... 162 12.34 Cage-An elevator used in hoisting Sandstone ...... 151 12.52 ore. Granite ...... •.....170 11.77 Cap-Rock-Rock overlying the vein Coal-bituminous-solid 84 23.81 stone or ore. 116 SUNDBY TABLES, ETO.,

Collar-The top of a shaft or winze. PRECIOUS METALS. Contact-A junction of two kinds of Over 237 Million Dollars the World's rock, such as lime and porphyry. Product in 1897. Contact Vein-A vein between two dissimilar rock masses. Country-Rock-The rock on each side The United States produced during of a vein. the year 53,860,000 fine ounces of silver Cross-Cut-A level driven across the and Mexico 53,503,180 fine ounces;· a de­ course of a vein. crease for the United States of 4,947,800 Dip-The slope or pitch of a vein. fine ounces and an increase for Mexico Face-The end of a drift or tunnel. of 8,256,756 fine ounces. · Fault-The displacement of a stratum or vein. Colorado Leads the States. Feeder-A small vein entering into a The following tables show the produc­ larger vein. tion of the United States by producing Fissure-Vein-A crack in the earth's states and territories and the production crust containing mineral. of the leading producing countries of the Foot-Wall-Rock beneath a vein. world for the calendar year of 1897: Gash-vein-A vein wide at the top and closing at a short depth. State or Silver Coining Hanging-Wall-The layer of rock or Territory. Gold Value. Value. wall overhanging a lode. Alabama ...... $ 7,400 $ 129 Horse-A mass of rock between the Alaska.... . • . . 1,778,000 150,497 branches of a vein. Arizona ...... 2,895,900 2,898,032 In place-Not having been disturbed California . . . . . 14,618,300 613,366 from its original position. Colorado...... 19,104,200 27,974,335 Level-A horizontal passage in a mine Georgia...... 149,300 776 diverging from the shaft. Idaho...... 1,701,700 6,336,905 Out-Crop-The portion of a vein show­ Michigan ...... 62,700 77,694 ing at the surface. Montana ...... 4,373,400 20,257,487 Petering-Giving out; failing. Nevada...... 2,976,400 1,588,881 Pocket-A rich spot in a vein or de­ New lfexico.... 356,500 687,535 posit. N o:rth Carolina. 34,600 388 Salting a mine-Placing foreign ore in Oregon...... 1,353,100 89,212 the crevices of a vein for the purposes South Carolina. 84,700 259 of deceiving. South Dakota.. 5,964,900 190,836 Stoping-The act of excavating the Texas...... 7,4-00 523,243 ore from the roof or floor of a drift. Utah . . . • ...... 1,726,100 8,181,588 Strike-The extension of a lode in a Vermont...... 100 ...... horizontal direction. Virginia ...... 3,900 ...... Stulls-A frame work to support the Washington. . . . 419,900 1,388,214 rubbish when stoping. Wyoming . . . . . 11,200 129 Sump-A hole in the bottom of a shaft or tunnel for collecting the water. Totals-Gold, 2,774,935 fine ounces, Vein-An aggregation of mineral mat­ value, $57,363,000; silver, 53,660,000 fine ter in rock fissure. ounces, value, $69,637,172. · Winze-A shaft sunk from one level While many of the most productive to another. silver mines of the past are closed down, SUNDBY TABLES, ETC. 117 the increase_d production from lead and Ecuador. . . . • 32,900 10,000 copper ores has offset this loss. Chili. . • • • . • . 928,600 8,327,200 Production of the World. Brazil· · · • · · · 1,204,200 ••...... Venezuela. • • 948,500 ...... Countries. Gold Dollars Silver Coin Val. Guiana [B]. . 2,294,600 ...... U.S ...... e 57,863,000 $ 69,637,200 Guiana [D].. 492,200 ...... Australia.... 55,684,200 20,624,200 Guiana [F]. . 1,537,500 ...... Mexico...... 9,436,300 69,693,000 Peru. . • . . . . . 628,000 12,650,900 European Countries. Uruguay . . . . 38,500 ...... Russia. • • • • • • 23,245,700 638,000 Cen. Amer. . • 470,500 2,000,000 Germany.... 1,373,100 7,108,700 Japan ..•. ••. 713,300 3,242,100 Aus-Hun.... 2,235,600 2,547,500 China .. • •• •. 2,209,100 ...... Sweden. . . . • • 384,400 26,800 Africa . • .. • . . . 58,306,600 ...... Norway...... 209,700 India [B] ....· 7,247,500 •..•..••. Italy...... • . 194,000 953,100 Corea...... 733,100 ...... Spain . . . • . • ...... 7,437,350 Borneo...... 45,900 Greece . • • . • • . . • . . . . . • 1,329,900 Totals •... $237,504,800 $236, 730,300 Turkey. • • • • • 7,300 291,200 France...... • . • • . . . . . 679,600 The world's production of silver is G. Briton... • 35,100 300,100 thus shown to be largely in excess of any Canada..... 6,027,100 7,186,700 previous year. South American Countries. On January 1, 1898, the metallic stock Argentina... 137,600 495,850 of the United States consisted of: Gold, Colombia. . . 3,000,0(X) 2,182,400 $745,245,953; silver, $635,310,064, or a Bolivia...... 750,000 19,398,900 total of 11,380,556,017. Ogden Assay Go. Chemists and Assayetts. 1.\29 16th St. Denvett, Colo. Prices For Assays.

Gold. . • • . . • • • • • . • • ...... •...... •.•.. $ 50 Silver. • • • • ...... • . • ...... • ...... 40 Gold and Silver...... 75 Lead ...•.•.•••••...... •...... •. 50 Copper. • • • ...... 1 00 Gold, Silver and Lead. . • ...... 1 25 Gold, Silver and Copper...... 1 50 Gold, Silver, Lead and Copper ...... •...... 2 00 Gold and Silver Bullion. . . • ...... • ...... 1 00 Melting and Refining Bars ...... 1 00 Melting, Refining and Assaying ...... 2 00 Prices for Determinations. Silica ...... $1 00 Iron...... • • • ...... • ...... 1 00 Lime...... 1 50 Sulphur ...... • ...... 2 00 Manganese. • . • . . . • ...... 1 00 Zinc...... • ...... 2 00 Pricea for complete quantitative analysis furnished on application. Ohlorination Test ...... • ...... 3 00 Cyanide Test...... 3 00 Amalgamation Test...... • • ...... 1 00 Special attention paid to mill runs, 50 to 100 lbs...... 2 50 Cold and Sliver Bullion Refined, Melted, Assayed or Purchased. Prompt Attention Given to Mail Orders. I urre Pe11rnanently

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SilTer ••••••••••••.•.•••••••••••.•••••• $ ·'° Gold, Silver and Lead ...... $1.00 ·Gold...... 50 Gold, Silver and Copper ...... 1.00 Z:mc.... • • • • • • • • • • • . • • • • . • . • • • • • . • • . • • • .50 l3ullion.. • . . . . . • . . . . . • ...... • • ...... 1. 50 1.,e.ad •••••••• ~. •• • • • • • • •• • •. •• • • . • . • • . . .50 Controls...... • ...... 1.50 Copper ...... , ...... 1.00 Test by Chlorination Process...... 3.00 Tin...... 1. 50 Test by Cyanideof Potassium...... 3.00 Nickel~ ...... 1.50 Tests for percentage of Concentrates... .50 Gold and Silver...... 50 Test for Gold by Amalgamation...... 75 Sil"t·er and Lead...... 50 Qualitative and Que.ntitative Analysis at corresponding prices. Samples by mail or express, when accompanied by the prica and full directions, will receive prompt attention. Bullion, retorted, assayed and melted. Sample bags and price list on application. Expert on milHng and the treatment of ores. Hines and Metallurgical Projects examined and advice given on best and latest methods of working. Ores milled in 1000 pound lots. Every Assay Warranted Correct. Write for Mail Sacks. Mines Examined and Reports Made at Reasonable prices within the reach of every Miner. Correspond­ ence Invited. Address Prof. F. J. Stanton, Principal.

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HERMAN J. VAN DIEREN, Prop. Tbe Roeky mountain Assaying and Refining Co., 1815 CHAMPA ST. DENVER, COLO. Highest Prices Paid For the following Ores: Uranium, Bis­ mt.th, Nickel, Wolfram, Beryl, Vanadium, Cobalt or any RARE METAL. S&~-rn SAL'7IPLES OF ORE Ar~"D WILL MAKE OFFER. CORRESPONDENCE S0LIOTED. Price List for Assays and Determinations.

Gold . • • . • • ...... • • ...... $ .50 Zinc ...... •...... $ 2.00 Gold and Silver.... • . . • ...... 75 Nickel and Cobalt...... 8.00 Silver...... • ...... 35 Bismuth...... • 3.00 Lead...... • ...... 50 Platinum...... • . . . .. 3.00 Copper.. . . . • . . . • ...... - ...... 75 Uranium...... • ...... 10.00 Bllllion ...... • . . • • ...... • ...... • • 1.00 Paladi um...... 10.00 Coal Analysis...... • . • • • ...... 7.50 T!'idi~.m ....••...... •..•...... , 10.00 Tin ...... 3.00 T1tan1um ...... 10.00 Mercury...... • . . . . . 3.00 Tungsten...... 10.00 Alumina. • . . . • . . . • . . • ...... • 2.50 Asphaltum...... • ...... 3.00 Iron. . • . . . • . • ...... •...... 2.50 Elaterite...... • . . . 3.00 Lime . . . . . • • • • . . . • . • ...... • ...... 2.00 Ozokerite...... 3.00 Manganese ...... 1.50 Petroleum...... • . 3.00 Sulphur. . . . • • • . . . . • ...... 2.00 Clay...... 3.00 Antimony...... 3.00 OTHERS IN PROPORTION.

ORES AND MINERALS OF COLORADO. By Prof. Dana.

Native Elements.

NON-METALS. Graphite, composition pure carbon; rhombohedral. Occurs in Chaffee, Gunnison and Las Animas counties. Sulphur, orthorhombic. Occurs in Eagle, Park, Summit, Hina­ dale and Mineral counties in considerable abundance. Occa­ sionally met with in mines in other counties. SEMI-METALS. Tellurium, rhombohedral. In the mines of Cripple Creek and Boulder county. Arsenic, rhombohedral. Near Leadville. Bismuth, rhombohedra.l. In the gravel with gold in French gulch, Summit county. Of rare occurrence with bismuth minerals in Boulder, San J ua.n and Larimer counties. METALS. Gold, isometric. More or less abundant in nearly all the coull­ ties. Crystallized at Breckenridge. Electrum, an alloy of gold and silver. In the Nelly lode, near Telluride, San Miguel Co. Copper, isometric. Occurs in small quantities in Park, Olear Creek, Jefferson, Chaffee, Larimer and Ouray counties. Mercury, liquid. Sparingly in the tell uride mines of Boulder county. 128 COLORADO MINERALS.

Amalgam, silver and mercury; isometric. Boulder county. Lead, isometric. In the Zoo mine at West Cliff, and at Gunni1on and Breckenridge. Iron, Meteoric Iron. Found in Russell Gulch, Gilpin county, in 1863. On Bear Creek~ Jefferson county, in 1866. Shreibersite, a phosphide of iron and nickel. In the Bear Creek meteorite. Sulphides, Tellurides, Arsenides, Antimonides.

SULPHIDES OF THE SEMI-METALS. Stibnite, antimony trisulphide; orthorhombic. Large vein! near Lost Lake, Grand county. North Star mine near SilYerton, Small mas!es of aurifero11S stibnite in the Alice mine, near Yankee Hill, Clear Creek county. Bismuthinite, bismuth trisulphide; orthorhombic. Of frequent occurrence in Ouray and San Juan counties. Sparingly in Larimer, Boulder, Jefferson, Clear Creek and Summit coun­ ties. Tetradymite, bismuth telluride; :rhombohedral. Sparingly in the tellurium mines of Boulder county. Molybdenite, molybdenum disulphide; hexagonal(?). Rock Creek, Gunnison county. Platora, Conejos county. Head of Big Thompson, Larimer county. Monarch district, Chaffee county. Common in many mines in Clear Creek, Gilpin and San Juan counties. SULPHIDES, ETC., OF METALS. Dyscrasite, a silver antimonide; orthorhombic. In the mines of Poughkeepsie Gulch, San Juan county. MONOSULPHIDES. Argentite, silver sulphide; isometric. Of general occurrence in nearly all silver mines, but in small quantity. Crystals in Georgetown mines. · Jalpaite, a cupriferons argentite. Pay Rock mine, Silver Plume. COLORADO MINERALS 129

Silver Black,. occurs as a black powder at the surface of many mines. Hessite, silver telluride; isometric. Mines of Boulder, La Plata, Eagle and Hinsdale counties. Petzite, a telluride of silver and gold; massive. Common in many mines in Boulder county. In the Independence mine Argen­ tine district, Clear Creek county. Hotchkiss mine, Lake City. Galena, lead sulphide; isometric. Of general occurrence in nearly all mountain counties. Altaite, lead tell uride; isometric. Rare in the mines of Boulder county. Henryite, an impure altaite, containing pyrite. Boulder county. Cha1cocite, copper sulphide; orthorhombic. At Ironton, in Ouray county. San Miguel county in sandstone. Sugar Loaf District, Boulder county. Stromeyerite. sulphide of silver and copper; orthorhombic. Crys­ tallized in the Two Sisters mine, Clear Creek county. Black Prince and Winning Card mines Summit county. Ouray county. Giant mine, Boulder county. Acanthite, silver sulphide; orthorhombic. Little Emma mine Georgetown, and Double-Header lode, Argentine district, Clear Creek county. Spha1erite, zinc sulphide, isometric. Of common occurrence in mining regions. Beautiful crystallization of green b1ende in the Hidden Treasure mine, Ouray county, and Little Giant mine near Lawson. Marmatite, a black variety of zinc blende carrying iron Abundant in the mines of Silver Plume, and occurring in fine crystallizations in the ~Iaine mine. Coloradoite, mercuric telluride; massive. Boulder county. Rare. Alabandite, manganese sulphide; isometric. Queen of the West mine, Summit county. Quartzville, Park county. 130 OOLOBADOMINERALS

Cinnabar, sulphide of mercury; rhombohedral. An earthy bright red variety near Durango. Covellite, sulphide of copper; hexagonal or rhombohedral. Pewa­ bic mine, Central City. Niccolite, nickel arsenide; hexagonal. At Silver Cliff and in the Gem mine, Pine Creek, Custer connty. Pyrrhotite:, a. sulphide of iron, often containing nickel; hexagonal. Needle Mountains, San Juan county. Sugar Loaf district, Boulder county. Melonite:, nickel arsenide; hexagonal. Forlorn Hope mine, Boulder county. Bornite, sulphide of copper and iron; isometric. Abundant in the mines of the Red Mountain district. Plutus mine, Idaho Springs. Gem mine on Grape Creek, Custer county. Chalcopyrite:, a sulphide of copper and iron; tetragonal. Common in all mining regions. Crystals in Freeland mine, Idaho Springs. DISULPHIDES. Pyrite, iron disulphide; isometric. Abundant. Fine crystalliza. tions in the mines at Central City, in the Josephine mine, Geneva district, Clear Creek county, in the Elk Mountain■, and in the Rust tunnel, Montezuma. Sm.altite, cobalt diarsenide; isometric. Abundant at Gothic, Gunnison county. Marcasite:, iron disulphide; orthorhombic. Nodules in a lode on Chicago Creek, Clear Creek county. Rare in Gilpin county. Brush creek, Gunnison county. Lollingite, essentially iron diarsenide; orthorhombic. In mi.nee on Teocalli and White Rock Mountain, Gunnison county. Arsenopytite:, sulph-arsenide of iron; orthorhombic. In consider.. able quantity in the Cripple Creek mines. Forest Queen mine, Gunnison county. On Mt. Wilson, San Miguel county. On the Rio Dolores. Sylvanite, tellnride of gold and silver; monoclinic. General in ·COLORADO MINERALS 131

Boulder county. Junction Creek, La Plata county. · Lake City, Cripple Creek. Ca1averite, telluride of gold and silver; massive. Small masses in the Slide, Keystone and Mountain T ,ion mines, Boulder county. Hotchkiss mine, Lake City. Nagyagite, · sulpho-antimon-telluride of lead and gold; orthor­ hombic. Occasionally found in the lodes at Sunshine, Boulder county. Sulpharsenites, Sulphantimonites, .Sulphobis= muthites. Cuprobismutite, sulphobismuthite of copper, copper partly re­ placed by silverl prismatic crystals. Missouri mine, Hall Valley, Park county. Zink.enite, sulphantimonite of lead; orthorhombic. In the Brob· dignag mine, Red Mountain, San Juan county. Alaskaite, sulphobismuthite of lead and silver, massive. Alaska and other mines, Poughkeepsie Gulch, Ouray county. Matildite, or Argentobismutite, sulphobismuthite of silver, mas­ sive, soft. From Lake City. Schirmerite, sulphobismuthite of silver and lead, massive, soft. Geneva district, Clear Creek county. Santa Cruz mine, How­ ard's Fork, San Miguel county. Warrenite, sulphantimonite of lead, acicular crystals. Domingo mine, between Dark Canon a.nd Baxter Basin, Gunnison county. Cosalite, sulphobismuthite of lead, the lead sometimes partly re­ placed by silTer and copper, orthorhombic. Poughkeepsie Gulch, Ouray county. Comstock mine, Parrett City, La Plata county. Jamesonite, sulphantimonite of lead, orthorhombic. Rosita, in Custer county. Sweet Home mine, Mount Bross district, Park county. Kobellite, sulph-antimon-bismuthite of lead, massive. In the 182 COLORADO MINERALS

mines of the Lillian Company, Printer Boy Hill, Lake county. Silver Bell mine, Ouray county. Magnolia district, Boulder county. Freieslebenite:, sulphantimonite of lead and silver, monoclinic. Oc­ curs in the mines of Augusta Mt., Gunnison county, in aoicu­ lar crystals. Bournonite:, su]phantimonite of lead and copper, orthorhombic. In the mineral veins of Bear and Anvil mountains, .San Juan county. Wittichenite, sulphobismuthite of copper, orthorhombic. Of com­ mon occurrence in the mines of San Juan county. .Aikinite:, sulphobismuthite of lead and copper, orthorhombic, .A.cicnlar crystals in the mines of San Juan county. Gladia­ tor mine, Hinsdale county. Lillianite:, sulphobismnthite of lead, massive. In the mines of the Lillian Company on Printer Boy Hill, Lake county. Guiterman..~e:, sulpharsenite of lead~ massive. In the Zuni mine near Silverton, San J nan county. Pyrargyrite:, sulphantimonite of silver, rhombohedral. Occurs in small quantity in nearly all silver mining districts. Proustite:, sulpharsenite of silver, rhombohedral. Occasionally found in the Georgetown mines. Crystals in the Jo Reynolds mine. In the mines at Silver Cliff. On Brush Creek, Gun­ nison county. T etrahedrite, suiphantimonite of copper, silver often replacing some of the copper when it merges into Freibergite; isometric. In considerable quantity in a number of silver mining dis­ tricts. Good crystals in the mines of Hall Valley, Park county. Freibergite, the argentiferous variety of Tetrahedrite, carrying from 3 to 31 per cent of silver. Occurs in considerable quan- tity in many silver mining districts. Tennantite:, sulpharsenite of copper, isometric. Clusters of bril­ liant crystals in the Freeland mine, Clear Creek county. Of COLOBADOMINEBALS 188

common occurrence in the mines of Pitkin, Ouray, Hinsdale, Gunnison and San Miguel counties. Stephanite, sulphantimonite of silver, orthorhombic. At Sneffels, Ouray county. Park district, Hinsdale county. Ute and Ule mines, Lake county. At Telluride, San Miguel county. The "brittle silver'' of miners is usually Polybasite. Beegerite, sulphobismuthite of lead, isometric ( ?). In the Baltic lode, Park county. Treasure Vault lode, Clear Creek county. Old Lout mine, Ouray county. Polybasite, sulphantimonite of silver, silver in part replaced by capper, sometimes antimony partly by arsenic, orthorhombic. Massive and in fine crystals in Georgetown mines. The dis­ tinguishing silver ore in Pitkin and San Miguel counties. Red Mountain mines. Enargite, sulpharsenite of copper, orthorhombic. Powers mine at Central City. In large quantity in the mines of Ouray, San Juan, Gunnison and Rio Grande counties, and frequently in beautiful crystals.

Haloids,=Chlorides, Bromides, Iodides; Fluorides.

ANHYDROUS CHLORIDES, ETC. Halite, sodium chloride, isometric. At the salt springs in South Park. Cerargyrite, silver chloride, isometric. In considerable abundance in Lake county. Sparingly in Park, Custer, Summit and Clear Creek counties. Embollte, chloro-bromide of silver. At Leadville, often crystallized. Bromyrite, silver bromide, isometric. Sparingly at Leadville. Iodyrite, silver iodide, hexagonal, soft. Sparingly at Leadville and in Magnolia district, Boulder county. Fluorite, fluoride of calcium, isometric, Purple and green fl.nor spar in the Pike's Peak region. Veins on Bear creek, J effer­ son county, and on Jim creek, Boulder county. Of frequent occurrence in the mines in San Juan country. Occasionally 134 COLORADO MINERALS

found in many mines throughout the state. Chlorophane, a variety of fluor spar exhibiting green phosphor­ esence when heated, is found on Devil's Head Mountain, Doug­ las county. Gunnisonite is an altered or impure fluorite from near Gunni­ son. Tysonite, a fluoride of the cerium metals, hexagonal. Occurs in feldspar in the Pike's Peak region. Cryolite, fluoride of sodium and aluminum, monoclinic. Occurs on St. Peter's Dome, El Paso county. Elpasoliteis near Cryolite, soda being largely replaced by potas­ sium. With Cryolite and other minerals on St. Peter's Dome, El Paso county. HYDROUS FLUORIDES. Prosopite, a. hydrous fluoride of aluminum and calcum, monoclinic ( or triclinic). St. Peter's Dome, El Paso county. Pachnolite, a hydrous fluoride of aluminum, calcium and sodium, monoclinic. St. Peter's Dome, El Paso county. Thomsenolite, a hydrous fluoride of aluminum, calcium and sodium, monoclinic. St. Peter's Dome, El Paso county. Gearksutite, a hydrous fluoride of calcium and aluminum, earthy. St. Peter's Dome, El Paso county. Ralstonite, a hydrous fluoride of aluminum, sodium and magnesium, isometric. St. Peter's Dome, El Paso county. Oxides.,

OXIDES OF SILICON. Quartz, silica or silicon dioxide, rhombohedral. One of the most abundant minerals, occurring in masses, as a constituent of granite and other rocks, as a gangue in veins, etc. Rock Crystal. Clear and colorless or nearly so, whether in dis­ tinct crystals or not. Often met with in the mines. Abundant near Maysville, Chaffee county. Amethyst. Clear purple or bluish purple. Carnero creek, Sa­ guache county. Gunnison county. Grape creek, Fremont OOLORADOMINERALS 135 county. Lining geodes in Las Animas and Rio Grande counties. At N evadaville, Gilpin county. At Creede. Rose Quartz. Rose-red or pink. Near the summit of Floyd Hill, Clear Creek county. Bear creek, ,Jefferson county. Central City and in many other localities. Yellow Quartz; False Topaz or Citrine. Water worn specimens near the head of Plum creek, Douglas county. Smoky Quarlz; Cairngorm Stom. Near Florissant and on Elk creek, El Paso county. Devil's Head Mountain, Douglas county. Mt. Antero, Chaffee county. On Elk. creek, near the mouth of Tarryall creek, Jefferson county. Milky Quartz. White. When lustre is greasy is it called Greasy Quartz. Both are of common occurrence throughout the mountains. Sagenitic Quartz. Enclosing acicular crystals. Clear quartz crystals are found near Calumet, Chaffee county, enclosing needle-like crystals of Byssolite. Aventurine Quartz. Spangled with minute scales of Mica or Hematite. On Elk creek, Jefferson county. Chalcedony. Transparent or translucentwith waxy lustre. West of Hot Springs and on Willow Creek, Middle Park. Near the salt works in South Park. In lava dn La Garita creek, Saguache county. In Lava at Los Pinos Agency, Ouray county. In Rio Grande county along the Rio Grande river. Along the Gunnison river in Gunnison county. More or less abundant in the petrified wood found east of the mountains, Occasionally found i.n the mines. Carnelian or Sard. A clear red, brownish-red or brown Chalce­ dony. On Willow creek, Grand county. Near Larkspur and on Cherry creek, Douglas county. Kiowa and Bijou creeks. Elbert county. In silicified bones at Morrison. Chrysoprase. Apple-green. On La Garita. creek, west of San Luis Park. In geodes in Middle Park. Prase. Translucent, leek-green. In San Luis:Park. 136 COLORADO MINERALS

Plasma. Subtransl ucent, rather bright green. Middle Park, at the junction of Willow Creek and Grand river, in a vein of Jasper. Heliotrope or Bloodstone is Plasma with small red spots. In a vein of Jasper at the junction of Willow creek and Grand river, Middle Park. Agate is a variegated Chalcedony. The varieties include Banded Agate, Eye Agate, Ruin or Fortification Agate, Clouded Agate, and Moss Agate or J11oclza Stone. A variety of forms occur in in the lower trachytic formation of the Uncompahgre and at the Los Pinos agency in l\'Iontrose county. Moss and Clouded Agate near the salt works in South Park. Clouded .A.gate near Hot Springs and on Willow creek, and Moss Agate on Wil­ liam's Fork, two miles from the Grand, in Middle Park. Fort­ ification Agate on the summit of the range of the Animas in Las Animas county. On the Gunnison in Mesa county. Along the Arkansas, in Bent county. Near the source of Cherry creek, Douglas county. Fremont county, ten miles south of Canon City. Green Mountain, Jefferson county. La Garita creek, Saguache county. Above Loma in Rio Grande county. Onyx. A banded .A.gate with perfectly straight layers. On the summit of the mountains along Willow creek, and also near Grand Lake, in l\Iiddle Park. On La Garita creek, Saguache county. On lower Gunnison river, Gunnison county. Sardonyx. Onyx in which one layer is Sard. On the ridges along Willow creek in Middle Park. Siliceous Sinter.., .A. celular Quartz deposited from siliceous waters. Occasionally met with in the mines. Flint is allied to Chalcedony, but more opaque, of duller color and lustre, and breaks with deeply conchoidal fracture and sharp edge. Usually found associated with other varieties of cryptocrystalline quartz. Hornstone or Chert resembles Flint, but more brittle and frac- COLORADO MINERALS 137

ture more splintery. Found associated with other Quartz var­ ieties and sometimes in the mines. Basanite, Lydian Stone or Touchstone. A velvet black, flinty J aspar. Along Willow creek in Middle Park. Jasper is impure, opaque, colored quartz, red, brown, yellow, green, blackish-brown, etc. Ribbon Jasper has colors in broad stripes. In Egyptian Jasper the colors appear in zones. Another variety isJasperized Wood, which is abundant about Ponce de Leon Springs, in Douglas county. Jasper is abun­ dant in Middle Park, and fine samples 0£ Ribbon Jasper are found at the mouth 0£ Willow Creek. Ribbon and Egyptian Jasper near Larkspur, Douglas county. Jasper is abundant a few miles south of the Salt Works in South Park, on the plateaus between the Grand and Gunnison Rivers, and along the Grand, White, Animas and Arkansas rivers. T ridymite, silica or silicon dioxide; hexagonal or pseudo-hexa­ gonal. Occurs in acidic volcanic rock in the Rosita Hills and elsewhere. Opal, a hydrous silica; amorphous. Fire Opal, a variety having a play of bluish and honey-yellow colors is found near Idaho Springs. Milk Opal, in part translucent and porcelain-white, is found onBuffalo Peaks and on Badger Creek, Park county. .A vein of similar opal near Shirley, Chaffee county. Cacholong, opaque white. Occurs as a scale on the Milk Opal found on Badger Creek, Park county. Semi-Opal, a light brown variety abundant six miles south of the Salt Works, in Park county. Hydrophane. Translucent, whitish, and becomes more trans­ lucent or transparent in water. Locality unknown, supposed to be in South Park. Wood Opal. Wood petrified by Opal. Abundant near the sources of the Bijou, Kiowa and Cherry creeks. Hyallite or Muller's Glass. Clear and colorless, globular-con- 138 COLORADO MINERALS

cretionary and usually encrusting. Near the head of Cache L, Poudre. On the Gunnison Ri,·er, below Gunnison. Below the junction of the Eagle and Grand Rivers. Near the bead of La Garita Creek. On Buffalo Peaks. On Godwin's Peak, Hinsdale county.

OXIDES OF SEMI-METALS. Bismite, bismuth trioxide; orthorhombic. Larimer county, but exact locality not known; supposed to be near Cummins City or west of Fort Colllins. Tellurite, tellurium dioxide; orthorhombic. In the tellurium bearing district in Boulder county. Mo1ybdite, molybdenum trioxide; orthorhombic. In Monarch district Chaffee county. Rock Creek, Gunnison county.

OXIDES OF METALS. Water, protoxide of hydrogen; hexagonal. Cuprite, oxide of copper; isometric. Pitkin and Tin Cup mines, Pitkin county. Bear Creek, Bergen Park and Pine Grove, Jefferson county. Poncha Springs, Chaffee county. Massicot, lead monoxide; massive. Near Rico. In the upper San Miguel region. In many other places as decomposition product of galena. T enorite, var. Melaconite, earthy black oxide of copper. Freeland mine, Clear Creek county. Corundum., aiumina; rhombohedral. Near Calumet, Chaffee Co. Sapphire, blue Corundum. Near Calumet, ChaffBe county. Hemiti:te, iron sesquioxide; rhombohedral. Abundant in Chaffee, Saguache, Lake, Pitkin and other counties. Specular Iron. In crystals on Mt. Antero, Chaffee county. Micaceous Hemitite. Left Hand Creek, Boulder county. Small veins frequently met with in the granitic rocks. Red Ochre. Near Morrison, Jefferson county. Clay Ironstone, Argiilacious Hemitite. On Bear Creek, at the foot of the mountains, Jefferson county. COLORADO MINERALS 139 . Gahnite, zinc aluminate; isometric. In the Cotopaxi mine, Chaffee county. Magnetite, iron ferrate, a compound of the sesquioxide and protoxide of iron; isometric. Octahedrons with etched faces on Bear creek. Massive on Elk creek, Jefferson county. Calumet mine, Chaffee county. Caribou,Boulder county. Tar­ ryall creek, Park county. Michigan creek, Larimer county, Lake creek, Lake county. Pine gulch, Custer county. Sev­ eral localities in Pitkin county. Pacer, Costilla county. Ce bola creek, Gunnison county. Chrysoberyl, beryllium aluminate; orthorhombic. Douglas county, but exact locality not known. Minium, oxide of lead; pulverulent. Fine specimens at the Stone mine, Alicante; also at some of the Leadvillo mines. Cassiterite, tin dioxide; tetragonal. At Devil's Head Mt., Douglas county. Crystal with Amazonstone near Florrisant. Rutile, titanium dioxide; tetragonal. A specimen of red Rutile was found in the Platte River at the foot of the mountains. Nigrine, a black variety of Rutile. Occurs in small tetrahe­ dral crystals on a spur of St. Peter's dome, El Paso county, not far from the fluoride locality, Pyrolusite, manganese dioxide; orthorhombic. Silver Heels mountain, Park county. Leadville. In the San• Juan coun­ try. Turgite, hydrated sesquio:x:ide of iron; fibrous, massive, etc. In the Leadville mines. At Topaz Butte, El Paso county. Diaspore, hydrated sesquioxide of aluminum. In eruptive rock on Mt. Robinson, Custer county. Gothite, hydrated, sesquioxide of iron; orthomhombic. At Floris­ sant and surrounding county. Devil's Head Mt., Douglas county. Needle-Ironstone, in acicular crystals. At Florissant, El Paso county. 140 OOLOBADOMINERALS

On.egite is acicular Gothite penetrating Quartz. At Florris­ sant. Manganite, hydrated sesquioxide of manganese; orthorhombic. Devil's Head Mountain, Douglas county. Limonite, hydrated sesquioxide of iron; massive, etc. Beds in Park county. Near Trinidad. Bear Creek and Villa Grove, Jefferson county. Little Thompson creek, Larimer county. Yellow Ochre. Callahan, El Paso county. Psilomelane, hydrous oxide of manganese. Observed as a black shining incrustation in numerous localities. Wad, massive. On the Snake River, Summit county. Oxygen Salts.-Carbonates. ' ANHYDROUS CARBONATES. Calcite, calcium carbonate; rhombohedral. Abundant in muny parts of the state and forming rock masses. Iceland Spar or Double Refracting Spar, is the purest form 0£ Calcite, and transparent. Occurs in geodes on the Apishapa River. Beaver creek, El Paso county. On the Greenhorn River, Pueblo county. Dog-Tooth Spar and Nail-Head Spar are the two of the most common forms of crystals, and are of general occurence at the foot of the mountains and in many of the mines in the moun­ tains. Argentine is a pearly lamellar Calcite. Occurs as veins one to two feet thick on Chalk mountains, Chaffee county. Marble occurs in masses of various co !ors in Chaffee and Gun­ nison counties. A. brownish gray Marble near Canon City. A large vein of mottled Marble in South Park. Enc.rinal Marble, containing crinoidal remains, occurs at San­ gre de Christo Pass. Antkrackonite or Black Marble, beautifully veined with white, on Cotton Creek, San Luis Park. Stinkstone, a fetid limestone, occurs on Little Thompson creek and at Canon City. COLORADO MINERALS 141

Shell Marble is found near Colorado Springs. Breccia Marble is made up of fragments of limestone cemented together. Some handsome marble of this description occurs near Boulder. Stalactites and Stalagmites are found in the caves at Manitou and in South Park, and are sometimes found in mines. Gi,bralter Rock is a banded Calcite of dark colors. A vein several feet in thickness near Idaho Springs. Osteocolla is a cellular calc tufa, consisting of incrustings of reeds or other marsh plants. On Badger and Beaver creeks, ' South Park. Travertine or Cale Tufa is found at numerous mineral springs. Dolomite, carbonate of calcium and magnesium. ];orms extensive beds at Aspen, and occurs in small quantities in many of the mines throughout the state. Siderite, iron protocarbonte; rhombohedral. Small crystals com­ mon in many of the mines. Spherosiderite is concretionary Siderites. A thin seam of Spherosiderite occurs above the coal of the Laramie forma­ tion in many parts of the state. Rhodochrosite, manganese protocarbonate; rhombohedral. John Reed mine, Alicante, Lake county. Ulay mine, Lake City, and Champion mine, Burroughs Park, Hinsdale county. Royal Albert and Mountain Monarch mines, Ouray county. Idaho Springs. Smithsonite, zinc carbonate; rhombohedraL Governor Tabor lode, Crystal City, Gunnison county. Near Rosita and Silver Cliff, Custer county. Aragonite, calcium carbonate; orthorhombic. Columnar near the Salt Works in South Park. As a gangue in the lodes on Grouse creek, near San Juan county. Flos-Ferri, a coralloidal Aragonite, is frequently found in the mines. In the caves at Manitou and in South Park. 142 COLORADO MINERALS.

Witherite, barium carbonate; orthorhombic. Cottonwood creek, Saguache county. Strontianite, strontium carbonate; orthorhombic. At the Garden of the Gods as small white balls on Celestite. Cerussite, lead carbonate; orthorhomcic. Fine crystalline masses and massive at Leadville. More or less abundant in nearly all silver-lead mining districts. Bastnasite, a fluocarbonate of cerium, lanthanum and didymium; massive. In vicinity of Cheyenne mountain, El Paso county. ACID, BASIC AND HYDROUS CARBONATES. Malachite, basic carbonate of copper; monoclinic. In small quan­ tity in nearly all mining districts. Azurite, basic carbonate of copper; monoclinic. In small quan­ tity in nearly all mining districts. Natron, hydrous sodium carbonate; monoclinic. In the lakes be­ tween Turkey and Bear creeks, Jefferson county. Lanthanite, hydrous lanthanum carbonate; orthorhombic. Found with Bastnasite and near Cheyenne mountain, El Paso county. Bismutite, a basic bismuth carbonate; earthy. Near Cummins City, Larimer county. Gold Hill, Boulder county. Florence mine, Leadville. Silicate.se ANHYDROUS SILICATES. Orthod.ase, silicate of aluminum and potassium; monoclinic. Fine twin crystals at Kokomo, Black Hawk, and in Gunnison county. A constituent of the granites. Sanidine is more or less glassy. A constituent of many erup­ tive rocks. Microcline, silicate of aluminum and potassium; triclinic. Pike's Peak region. Devil's Head Mt., Douglas county. Tarryall creek, Jefferson county. Mt. Antero, Chaffee county. COLORADO MINERALS 148

Amazonstone, bright verdigris-green. Pike's Peak region, Devil's Head Mt., Douglas county. Tarryall creek, Jefferson county. Jlffoonstone. In gravel near Durango. Albite,. silicate of aluminum and sodium; triclinic. In the Pike's Peak region. Massive in Chaffee county. A constituent of some granite. Oligoclase, intermediate between Albite and Anorthite; triclinic. A constituent of some eruptive rocks. Ancksine,. intermediate between A.lbite and Anorthite; triclinic. .A. constituent of the eruptive rock Andesite. Labradorite. intermediate between Albite and Anorthite, triclinic. A constituent of same eruptive rocks. Massive at Cripple Creek. Anorthite,. silicate of aluminum and calcium, triclinic. In combi­ nation with Albite forms the three foregoing feldspars. Enstatie,. metasilicate of magnesium, orthorhombic. Small colorless crystals in diabase at Morrison, Jefferson county. Hypersthene,. metasilicate of magnesium ali.d iron, orthorhombic. A constituent of the andesite and tufa rocks of Buffalo Peaks, Chaffee county. A constituent of the periodite rocks found near Querida, Custer county. Pyroxene,. a metasilicate, chiefly of calcium, magnesium and iron; monoclinic. A constituent of eruptive rocks. Augite, aluminous Pyroxene. A constituent of the eruptive rocks of Table Mountains, Golden, and of the eruptive rocks of many other localities. Acmite. Egirite,. metasilicate, chiefly of iron and sodium, mono­ clinic. Occurs as bright green grains in a dike at the north base of Rosita Hills. It remains in doubt whether the mineral is Acmi te or the closely related form lEgirite. Rhodonite,. manganese metasilicate, triclinic. Occurs as a gangue in some of the mines in Ouray county. 144 COLORADO MINERALS

~ Anthophyllite, metasilicate of magnesium and iron, orthorhombic. Yule creek, Gunnison county. Amphibole, a metasilicate, chiefly of calcium, magnesium and iron monoclinic. Tremolite, calcium-magnesium Amphibole. Maysville, Chaf­ fee county. Near head 0£ Smith's Fork, Gunnison county. Actinolite, calcium-magnesium-iron Amphibole. In the min­ eral veins on Bear creek, Jefferson county. In mineral veins at head of North Boulder creek, Boulder county. Mount Ouray, Gunnison county. Rosita Hills, Custer county. Asbestos, calcium-magnesium-iron Amphibole. Jasper, Rio Grande county. Near Salida and Maysville, Chaffee county. North Boulder creek, Boulder county. Byssolz"te, calcium-magnesium-iron Amphibole. As needles in clear quartz near _Calumet, Chaffee county. Hornblende, aluminous .A.mphibole. Of common occurrence in archrean rocks. Riebeckite, metasilicate of iron and sodium, monoclinic. A dark blue variety in the Rosi ta Hills. Pike's Peak region. Arfvedsonite, a slightly basic metasilicate, chiefly of iron, sodium, calcium and aluminum, monoclinic. St. Peter's Dome, El Paso county. Barkevik.ite, near Arfvedsonite. At the northern base of Rosita Hills, Custer county, associated with blue Riebeckite and green lEgirite. Beryl, metasilicate of aluminum and beryllium, hexagonal. Mt. Antero, Chaffee county. Bear creek, Jefferson county. Buf­ falo mountain, Park county. Aquamarine, bluish-green Beryl. Mt. Antero, Chaffee county. Bear creek, Jefferson county. Nephelite, orthosilicate of aluminum, sodium and potassium, hex­ agonal. In the basalt on Bastion Peak and elsewhere in Routt county. COLORADO MINERALS 145

Danalite, orthosilicate of iron, zinc, beryllium and manganese, with sulphide of zinc and iron, isometric. West Cheyenne canon, El Paso county. Zunyite, a highly basic orthosilicate of aluminum, isometric. Zuni and Charter Oak mines, Ouray county. Garnet, an orthosilicate of one or more of the bivalent elements calcium, magnesium, ferrous iron or manganese, combined with one or more of the trivalent elements aluminum, ferric iron, chromium or titanium, isometric. Garnets are of com .. mon occurrence throughout the mountains. Essonite or Cinnamon Stone, calcium-aluminum Garnet, cinna­ mon brown to wine yellow. Near Calumet, Chaffee county, in metamorphosed limestone. Pyrope or Precious Garnet, magnesium-aluminum Garnet, color deep to dark red. Frequently found in gold washings. Almandite, iron-aluminum Garnet, color deep red to violet. Near Salida, Calumet, and in Longfellow gulch, Chaffee county. Spessartite, manganese-aluminum Garnet, dark hyacinth to brownish-red. In Rhyolite, associated with topaz at Nathrop, Chaffee county. Melanite, a calcium-iron Garnet. Near Fairplay, Park county. In the southwestern part of the state. Chrysolite, orthosilicate 0£ magnesium and iron, orthorhombic. Olivine, dark yellowish to olive green. Aconstituent of many eruptive rocks. Fayalite, orthosilicate of ferrous iron, orthorhombic. Cheyenne canon, El Paso county. Willemite, zinc orthosilicate, rhombohedral. Sparingly of a pale green color at the head of the Rio La Plata, La Plata county. Phenadte, beryllium orthosilicate, rhombohedral. Prismatic crys­ tals on Mt. A.ntero, Chaffee county. Flat crystals on Ama­ zonstone at Topaz Butte, El Paso county. Vesuvianite, a basic silicate of calcium, aluminum and iron, tetra­ gonal. Yellowish-green crystals on Italian Mt., Gunnison 146 COLORADO MINERALS

county. Bear creek, Jefferson county. Zircon, zirconium orthosilicate, tetragonal. Small transparent pebbles of numerous shades in the sands of Bear river. Beau­ tiful crystals in a tunnel west of Cheyenne Mt., and coarse brown crystals in Crystal Park, El Paso county. In the por. phyry of Ten Mile district, Summit county. Hyacinth, orange, reddish or brownish, and transparent. Chey­ enne Mountain region. Jargon, colorless, yellowish or smoky. In the sands of Bear . river. Cyrtolite, an altered zircon. Devil's Head Mt., Douglas county • Topaz, a bsaic orthosilicate of aluminum, orthorhombic. Color­ less and pale blue crystals in the Pike's Peak region. Re_ markably fine colorless crystals on Devil's Head Mt., Douglas county. Wine colored and colorless crystal in Rhyolite at N athrop, Chaffee county. In N evadite on Chalk Mountain, Lake county. Sillimanite, a basic orthosilicate of aluminum, orthorhombic. A constituent of the eruptive rocks of Rosita Hills, Custer county. Fibrolite, fibrous, compact. Near Silver Plume, Clear Creek county. Gadollnite, basic orthosilicate of yttrium, beryllium and iron, mon­ oclinic. Small fragments on Devil's Head Mt., Douglas county. Iviassive in the upper canon on the South Platte river, Park county. Epidote, basic orthosilicate of calcium, aluminum and iron, mono­ clinic. Fine large crystals in the iron mine at Calumet, Chaf­ fee county. Frequently found in granitic rocks. Allanite, basic orthosilicate of calcium, aluminum, iron, cerium, etc., monoclinic. Pitch black glossy particles in granite on Devil's Head Mt., Douglas connty. Black in the porphyrite of Ten Mile district, Summit county. Brown in the porphy­ rite of Mt. Silverheels and Mosquito gulch, and in the quartz COLORADO MINERALS 147

porphyry of the Mosquito range. In quartz porphyry on Eagle river, Eagle county. Bertrandite, basic orthosilicate of beryllium, orthorhombic. On Mt. .A.ntero, Chaffee county, associated with beryl and phen­ acite. Calamine, basic silicate of zinc, orthorhombic. Crystals in the Henriett and Maid mine, Leadville. In the Sunnyside mine, San Juan county. In the Bassick mine at Silver Cliff. Tourmaline, a boro-silicate of alnminum, etc., rhom bohedral. Fine black crystals in quartz on Bear creek, Jefferson county. In feldspar two miles below Black Hawk. Guy Hill, in granite. Five miles north of the Platte on the road from Fairplay to Colorado Sprin~s. Estes Park. HYDROUS SILICA.TES. Apophyllite, hydrous basic silicate of calcium and potassium, te­ tragonal. North Table Mountain, near Golden. Ptllollte, hydrous silicate of aluminum, calcium, sodium and po­ tassinm, needles. In augite-andesite at the northern base of Green Mountain, Jefferson connty. Heulandite, hydrous basic silicate of aluminum and calcium, mon­ oclinic. Northern base of Green Mountain, with Ptilolite. Upper .Anthracite _creek, Gunnison county. Near Como, Park county. Stilbite, hydrous basic silicate of aluminum, calcium and sodium. monoclinic. North Table Mountain, near Golden. Laumontite, hydrous basic silicate of aluminum and calcium, mon­ oclinic. North Table Mountain. Chabazite, a hydrous silicate chiefly of aluminum, calcium and sodium, rhombohedral. North Table Mountain. Levynite, hydrous silicate of aluminum and calcium, rhombohe­ dral. North Table Mountain. Analcite, hydrous silicate of aluminum and sodium, isometric. North and South Table Mountains. Uncompahgre Peak. Natrolite, hydrous silicate of aluminum and sodium, orthorhombic, 148 COLORADO MINERALS

South Table Mountain. Scolecite, hydrous silicate of aluminum and calcium, monoclinic. North Table Mountain. Mesolite, hydrous silicate of aluminum, calcium and sodium, mon­ oclinic and triclinic. North Table Mountain. Thomsonite, hydrous silicate of aluminum, calcium and sodium, orthorhombic. North Table Mountain. Mesole, in spherical concretions. North Table Mountain.

MICA GROUP. Muscovite, potassium Mica, basic orthosilicate of aluminum and and potassium, monoclinic. A constituent of some granites. Occasionally found massive. Pinite is a general term employed to designate many alteration products of feldspar and other minerals. It is essentially identical in composition with Muscovite, of which it may be considered to be a massive variety. A variety of white Pinite is found in the Centennial, Seven-Thirty and other mines in the Georgetown and Silver Plume districts. A mottled vari­ ety at Leadville. Biotite, magnesium-iron Mica, a basic orthosilicate of aluminum, magnesium, iron and potassium, monoclinic. A constituent of much of the granite and gneiss. St:deroyhyllite, a variety of Biotite found in the Pike's Peak . region. Lepidomelane, iron Mica, a basic orthosilicate of iron, aiuminum and potassium, hexagonal ( ?). A constituent of granite. Roscoelite, vanadium Mica, a basic silicate of vanad~um, aluminum, potassium and iron, scales, soft. Mines of Magnolia district, Boulder county. Aphrosiderite, a basic silicate of iron, aluminum and magnesium, massive, soft. Forms a coating on Garnets found at Salida, Chaffee county. SERPENTINE AND TALC DIVISION. Serpentine, a basic silicate of magnesium, monoclinic. A rich OOLOBADOMINERALS 149

green massive Serpentine is found in a locality which is kept secret. Occurs sparingly in mines and in eruptive rocks as an alteration product. T a1c, an acid metasilicate of magnesium, orthorhombic or mono­ clinic. In small quantity in many of the mines. KAOLIN DIVISION. Kaolinite, a basic silicate of aluminum, monoclinic. Crystallized in the mines in San Juan and Gunnison counties, and on St. Peter's Dome. Beds at Golden, Silver Cliff, Parkdale, Salida, Newcastle, Grand Junction.. Comat, a ferruginous Kaolin, of reddish and yellowish colors, in extensive beds thirty-five miles east of Colorado Springs. Allophane, hydrous silicate of aluminum, amorphous. Forms a thin bluish crust on limonite near Bergan ranch, Jefferson county. Chrysocolla, hydrous silicate of copper, cryptocrystalline. Sedalia mine, Salida. Champion mine, Idaho Springs. Sparingly elsewhere. Pilarite, an aluminous Chrysocolla, is found in the mines at Leadville. Titano=Silicates. Titanite, a titano-silicate of calcium, monoclinic. In minute par­ ticles in many eruptive rocks. Astrophyllite, a titano-orthosilicate of iron, manganese, potassium and sodium, orthorhombic. Cheyenne Mountain, El Paso county. Niobates, Tantalates. Columbite, meta-niobate of iron and manganese, orthombic. In small black acicular crystals imbedded in Amazonstone, and occasionally in larger crystals in the Pike's Peak region. As plates on Turkey creek, Jefferson county. Sam.arskite, a tantalo-niobate chiefly of the yttrium and cerium metal1 and uranium and iron, orthorhombic. In small velvet black masses on Devil's Head Mountain, Douglas county. 150 COLORADO MINERALS Phosphates, Arsenates, Vanadate.s, Antimonates.

ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC. Xenotime, essentially a phosphate of yttrium, tetragonal. Small chocolate-brown crystals west of Cheyenne Mountain, El Paso county, with Tysonite and Bastnasite. Apatite, an orthophosphate of calcium with either fluorine or chlorine, or both. Small crystals in many of the eruptive rocks. Pyromorphite, an orthophosphate of lead with chlorine of lead, hexagonal. Sparingly at Leadville and Georgetown. Mimetite, an orthoarsenate of lead with chloride of lead, hexagonal. Sparingly at Leadville. Descloizite, a basic vanadate of lead and zinc, orthorhombic. Spar­ ingly at Leadville. HYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC. Vivianite, a hydrous phosphate of ferrous iron, monoclinic. Gold Belt lode, Idaho Springs. Erythrite, a hydrous arsenate of cobalt, monoclinic. In several mines around the base of Teocalli Mountain, Brush creek, Gunnison county. Annabergite, a hydrous arsenate of nickel, monoclinic, soft. In the Gem mine, Pine creek, Fremont county. T urquois, a hydrous basic phosphate of aluminum, colored prob­ ably by a hydrous basic phosphate of copper, massive. Mt. of the Holy Cross. Villa Grove, Saguache county. Torbernite, a hydrous basic phosphate 0£ uranium and copper, te­ tragonal. Pea body lode, Montana district, Clear Creek county. Autunite, a hydrous basic phosphate of uranium and calcium, or­ thorhombic. In a lode on Chicago cree~ and in the Peabody lode, Montana district, Clear Creek county. URAN ATES. Uran.mite, a uranate of uranyl, lead, usually thorium ( or zircon- COLORADO MINERALS 151

ium), often the metals of the lanthanum and yttrium groups; also containing argon, isometric. Wood mine, Central City. Jo Reynolds mine, Clear Creek county. Domingo mine, Gunnison county. Sulphates, Tellurates.

ANHYDROUS SULPHATES, ETC. Thenardite, sulphate of sodium, orthorhombic. Burdsal's Lake, near Morrison, Jefferson county. Barite., sulphate of Barium, orthorhombic. Of common occurrence in many mines. Finely crystallized in the Seven-Thirty mine, Silver Plume. Blue at Sterling. Ordinary gangue mineral in Aspen mines; fine crystals in the Smuggler mine. Sultan Mountain mines, San Juan county, in beautiful crys­ tals. The gangue rock of Needle Mountain veins, La Plata county. Massive and crystallized in the veins of Summit district, Rio Grande county. In limestone nodules in Fre­ mont, El Paso and Las Animas counties. Crystals in rhyo­ lite near Castle Rock, Douglas county. Celestite, sulphate of strontium, orthorhombic. In the Garden of the Gods in lenticular masses, often geodes of blue crystals; also fibrous. Anglesite. sulphate of lead, orthorhombic. Massive and in small crystals at Leadville. Monarch district, Chaffee county. Mt. Bross and Mt. Lincoln mines, Park county. More or less abundant in other mining counties.

ACID AND BASIC SULPHATES. Caledonite, a basic sulphate of lead and copper, orthorhombic. Red Elephant and Freeland mines, Clear Creek county. Lil­ lian mines, Lake county. Brochantite., a basic sulphate of copper, orthorhombic. In consid­ erable quantity and very pure in the Monarch mine, Chaffee county. Gypsum, hydrous sulphate 0£ calcium, monoclinic. Abundant 152 COLORADO MINERALS

along the foot of the mountains, and in the Cretaceous throughout the state. At Morrizon and Colorado City. Near Ridgeway, Gunnison county. Perry Park. Rock creek, Pit­ kin county. Eagle river and Frying Pan, Eagle county. Satin Spar, fine fibrous, with satin lustre, in nearly all the foregoing localities. Selenite, distinct crystals or folia. Box Elder creek, Larimer county. River Bend, Elbert county. Bear creek, near Mor- . r1son. Alabaster, fine grained. Near Colorado Springs. Canon City. Box Elder creek, Weld county. Mount Vernon, J ef­ ferson county. Hesite, a hydrous sulphate of manganese, zinc and iron, mono­ clinic(?). McDonald lode, Hall Valley, Park county. Penn­ sylvania mine, Summit county. Epsomite, hydrous sulphate of magnesium, orthorhombic. As an efil.oresence on sandstone, Cliff creek, Gunnison county. A mineral supposed to be Epsomite is found in a lode near Idaho Springs. Goslarite, hydrous sulphate of zinc, orthorhombic. Occurs in the southern part of the state; locality not given. Melanterite, hydrous sulphate of ferrous iron, monoclinic. Clear green crystals and large masses in the Red Cliff mines; hol­ low stalactites in the Ben Butler mine. Pennsylvania mine, Summit county. Chalcanthite, hydrous sulphate of cupric copper, triclinic. A de­ posit near Black Hawk. Whale tunnel, Idaho Springs. Cen­ tennial mine, Georgetown. Of common occurrence in many localities. Ka1.inite, a hydrous sulphate of aluminum and potassium, isome­ tric. Canon City. Little Thompson creek, Larimer county. Turkey creek and Mount Vernon, Jefferson county. Mendozite, a hydrous sulphate of aluminum and sodi11m, fibrous OOLOBADOMINEBALS 153

masses. In a lode one and a half miles sonth-east of Red Cliff, Eagle connty. Picketlngite, a hydrous sulphate of aluminum and magnesium, monoclinic. As an effioresence at Colorado City. Halotrichite, a hydrous sulphate of aluminum and iron, monoclinic or triclinic. From an undescribed locality in the Elk Moun­ tain range, Eagle county. Coquimbite, a hydrous sulphate of ferric iron, rhombohedral. Ground Hog lode, Eagle county. Alunogen, a hydrous sulphate of aluminum, monoclinic. U nde­ scribed locality in Huerfano county. Cyanotrichite, a hydrous basic sulphate of copper and aluminum. Cayote lode,~ near Idaho Springs. Copiapite, a hydrous basic sulphate of ferric iron, monoclinic. Ground Hog lode, Red Cliff district, Eagle county. Fibroferrite, a hydrous basic sulphate of iron, monoclinic. Black Iron mine, Red._Cliff, Eagle county. Alunite, a hydrous basic sulphate of aluminum and potassium, rhombehedral. Iron mine, Lead-ville. As an alteration pro­ duct of eruptive rocks on Democrat Hill and Mt. Robinson, Custer county. Jarosite, a hydrous basic sulphate ofJron and potassium, rhombo-­ hedral. Minute brilliant crystals in the Iron Arrow mine, near Salida. Small perfect crystals in the Black Iron mine, near Red Cliff. Uraconite, a hydrous sulphate of uranium, amorphous. Wood mine, Willis gulch, near Central City. TELLUBATES. Montanite, a hydrous tellurate of bismuth, incrusting, soft. A yellowish mineral in the Red Cloud mine, Boulder county. Ferrotellurite, a tellurite of iron, crystallized incrustations. In the Keystone mine, Magnolia district, Boulder county. 154 OOLORADO MINERALS Tungstates, Molybdates. Woliramite, a tungstate of iron and manganese, monoclinic. Mis­

souri mine9 Hall Valley, Park county. Hubnerite, tungstate of manganese, monoclinic. Royal Albert mine, Uncompahgre District, Ouray county. North Star mine, near Silverton. In eruptive rock near J imtown, Boulder county. Scheelite, tungstate of calcium, tetragonal. Golden Queen Mine, Lake county. Mines· of Bak.er Park, San Juan county.

John W. lV!oaklerr, Consulting mining Egineetr and lV!etallutTgist. MINE EXAMINER. Buyu of Precious Stones, Metals, etc. 417 MINING EXCHANGE, DENVER. Ol.tO SOl.tOIE~S, ATTEf4TIOl'f. Eyery old soldier who served ninety days or more dur­ ing the War of the Rebellion and is now unable to earn a living from ANY cause is entitled to a pension. I find com­ rades every day who are either drawing too little pension or none at all. This is not right. Everyone should have what he is entitled too, be it original or increase. There is propably not one in a hundred drawing less than $ t 2.00 who is not entitled to an increase if he will only ask for it. Claims presented properly and followed up are easily gotten through. I have recently got an original claim al­ lowed that I started on last June. Old soldiers and young soldiers who believe themselves entitled to ·pensions are in­ vited to call or write for particulars. Bring or send all your papers. Mention where you saw my ad. CYRUS CHAPIN, Co. E, 10th 111. Room 22, t624 Curtis St., Denver, Colo. The County Ditteetotry Pub. Co.,

WILL PUBLISH A

lVIINING DIRECTORY OF LAKE, EL PASO, SUMMIT AND PARK

COUNTIES. ~ ~

Will be iready fott delive11y about may 15, 1899 ~ ...... ,...... ~ "I had my eyes , " -.::.::::-:\.. tested and i bought glas·ses at PONDER'S. Now my head has stopped ach­ ing; I feel fine and see :: EVERYTHING." icbe Pondtr Optical eo. LEADING OPTICIANS. 805 17TH ST. DENVER.

OLDEST EVE SPECIALISTS IN COLORAD0-28 YEARS EXPERIENCE-OVER 40,000 PERSONS FITTED WITH GLASSES .

...... ~ ...... So The People May Know I The Albany Dental Parlors

Will do your Dental work at just half it will cost you elsewhere and warrant it to be the very best on earth and all work must be satisfactory•

• Dr. Dameron' s Great Experience In the practice of his profession warrants him in promising nis pa­ tients the most perfect satisfaction in any kind of dental work they may wish. While his prices have been reduced just half, his work can not be surpassed at any price. Call and you will be convinced. Thousands of the citizens of Denver will verify this statement. See Dr. Dameron's SPECIAL INDUCEMENTS. $5 for a $10 set of teeth; $10 for the best set of teeth on earth; $5 a tooth for gold crown and bridge work; Soc for silver fillings; gold $1 up; air and gas used; no pain, Soc to remove tartar, open nights and Sundays. Albany Dental Parlors, Union Block, DENVER, COLO· .a11apaboe Sttreet, Opposite P. o.

TH[ BUYERS' GUIDE. ProD1inent Denver Business Firmso ASSAYERS. The Rocky Mountain Assaying and Refining Co., 1815 Champa street.

~- P. ANDRE-W-S, Assayer, 1\/.Ielter and Refiner. U. S. Mint, Carson, Nevada. For many years of U. S. Mint, Denver, Colo.

ENGINEER SUPPLY CO. Engineer Supply Co., 1429-31 Curtis street. ENGINEERS. Prof. Manes, Mining Engineer and Metallurgist, No. 8, Brown Palace. Tyler., S. W., Consulting Mining Engineer and Metal· lu.rgist, No. 6, Windsor Hotel Blk. J. D. Caldon, room 20, Patterson Place, 17th & Welton· John W. Moakler, Consulting Mining Engineer and Metallurgist, 547 Mining Exchange. 160 BUYERS' GUIDE.

lVIINING AND MILLING MACHINERY. Colorado Iron Works Co., 710 Seventeenth St. Davis, F. M., Iron Works Co., 723 Larimer St. Denver Engineering Works Co., 'fhirtieth and Blake Sts. Denver Boiler and Sheet Iron W arks Co., Thirty-fifth and Wazee Sts. Dillon Iron Works (Jo., 1634 Blake St.

Emanuel, W. H., 1711 Tremont St.

Fairbanks, Morse & Co., 1600 Seventeenth St. Fraser & Chalmers, 527 Seventeenth St.

Gates Iron Works, 527 Seventeenth St.

Hendrie & Bolthoff Manu.facturing Co., 1601 Seventeenth street.

Ingersoll Sergeant Drill Co., 1718 California street.

Jackson Drill & Manufacturing Co., 1756 Larimer street.

Leyner, J. George, 1722 Wynkoop street.

!'1:ontgomery, J. H., Machinery Co., Twelfth and Curtis streets.

S. S. Machine Co., Sixth and Market streets. Office, 1529 Lawrence street. Star Boiler and Sheet Iron Works Co., 2126 Fifteenth street. Sullivan Machinery Co., 412 Seventeenth street.

The Edward P. Allis Co., 1649-51 Tremont street. BUYERS' GUIDE. 161 The Jeffrey Manufacturing Co., Frank R. Field, Rep., 521 Seventeenth street. The Stearns Roger Manufacturing Co., 1718 California street. The Truax Manufacturing Co., 1717-19 Wazee street. The Mine and Smelter Supply Co., 17th and Blake sts. Denver Variety Machine Shop, 2474 Blake street. MANUFACTURERS. The Standard Fire Brick Manufacturing Co., 429 Seven. teenth street. Chicago Lumber and Manufacturing Co., Fifteenth, cor­ ner of Bassett street. The Denver Novelty Works and Manufacturing Co., 1520 Lawrence street. The Western Elaterite Mfg. Co., 410-411 Equitable Bldg • The Kendrick Mill Mfg. Co. WINDMil.,LS AND PUJ.VIPS, TANKS, PIPE AND PJPE FITTINGS, HOSE, HOSE FITTINGS AND STEEL MILLS. 1517 WAZEE STREET, DENVER.

REDUCTION WORKS. The Beam Gold and Silver Furnace Co., 223 Ernest & Cranmer Building. J. R. Moffatt's system of oxidizing and concentrating ores, Denver. 162 BUYERS' GUIDE,

STEEL WORKS. The Carnegie Steel Co. and Pittsburg Bridge Co., E. M. Sparhawk, Agent, Peoples Bank Building. The Gillette-Herzog Manufacturing Co. & Iron Works­ Steel Shaft Houses, 304 Jackson Bldg.

ORE TESTERS. Denver Ore Testing Works, 521-25 Seventeenth street. State Ore Sampling Co., Albany Hotel, Seventeenth and Stout streets. Chamberlain & Co., Samplers and Ore Buyers, Main Office, 114 Boston building. TENTS, ORE SACKS, ETC. Fisher, F. H., 1430-34 Larimer stre_et. Purington, James A., & Co., 1729 Lawrence street.

WATER WHEELS. Leffel, James & Co., Springfield, Ohio.

WIRE AND IRON WORKS. Denver Wire & Iron Works Co., 1401-8-5-7 Market street. HARDWARE. Tritch Hardware Co., Geo., 1648-54 Arapahoe street. Ellis Sons & Stanchfield, 1722 Lawrence street.·

SIVIEL TERS. The Boston and Colorado Smelter Co., 314 Boston Build- 1ng.• The Omaha and Grant Smelters, Denver, Durango and Omaha. BUYERS' GUIDE. 163

Globe Smelting and Refining Co., Boston block. The Arkansas Valley Smelting Co., Denver Office 724-25· 26 Equitable building.

SHEET IRON WORKS. Weigele Pipe Works, 2949-51 Larimer street.

Star Boiler and Sheet Iron Works, DEALER IN SECOND HA.ND l\tIACH~NEI"(Y, JOHN WICK, Prop. Telephone B 1414. ~166-2176 1nth Street.

FIRE PROOF SAFES. E.T. Weiant, 501-503 16th street. The Lee Kinsey Implement Co., Sixteenth and W azee streets.

ENGRAVERS. The Williamson-Haffner Engraving Co., Sheridan build• ing, 17th and Wynkoop.

MISCEl,LANEOUS. Look, Bon I., Grocery, 1555-57 Blake street. 164 BUYERS' GUIDE.

Colorado State Business Directory, 211 Peoples Bank Building. Columbine Music Co., 211 Charles Building= Kendrick Promotion Co., Mining Exchange Bldg. Mayham Investment Co., Brown Palace. Mountain Electric Co., 536 Seventeenth Street.

RolJr .0t Blue Print Co., Tabor Block.

Silver State Wheel Co., 1707 Champa street.

The Denver Blue Print Co.,

ARCHITECTS', ~GINEERS' AND DRAUGHTIVIEN'S SUPPLIES.

G. B. CARDWELL, Pres, J. G. STEINER, Sec'y. and Treas. 623-629 Charles Block, DENVER

The Complete 'ritle and Trust Co., 830-82 Boston Build· 1ng.• Rio Grande Southern Railroad, E. T. Jeffrey, President Denver. The Gazateer Pub. Co., J. R. Ives, Pres and Mgr. BUYERS' GUIDE. 165 Colorado Investment and Development Co., 209 Equit­ able building.

A. S. Carter..: Rubber Stamns.._ .. r 733 16th street. The Meooa, Clara Foltz, Editor and Proprietor. A WAY TO P[Rf[CT MANHOOD

Like a benediction-why will every nine out of every ten men suffer with a weak or undeveloped male • organ caused by disease or overwork or indiscretion in their early you th before they became old enough to know the terrible revenge it would take in after years? Happily, means have now been discovered ~.:=i whereby those who are suffering in any way with the genital organs may treat themselves in perfect secrecy without drugs. The wonderful vacuum treatment with the Modern Developer will remedy the evil without fail and will once more give every man who is troubled in any way with weak or unde­ veloped private organs a chance to know he is once more a man in every sense of the word. Perfect sat­ isfaction is guaranteed. You will feel a benefit from the first day, or money refunded. Do not delay for every day makes you more despondent and tired of life. Get one of the modern developers and you will feel as if your boyhood days had returned again. No matter what you age is it will benefit you. Call or write to R. P. EMJ\IET, Room 49 Good block, 16th and Larimer streets, Denver,Colo. All correspondence strictly confidential. Have been located in Denver for the past five years and thousands live to bless this treatment. It restores full strength and vigor to all weak and undeveloped private organs. The only positive cure ever found for strictures.

- d Mills OF ALl- W1n MAKES PUMPS, TANKS, PIPES, FITTINGS OF ALL KINDS. Repairing a Specialty. Write to us. Cadwell, 1664 WAZEE ST., DENVER, COLO. Index To Advertisers. PAGE A. S. Carter, Denver ...... •...... •...... 94 Arkansas Valley Smelting Co., Leadville and Denver ... 64 A. E. Goodwin, Silverton .••..•••..•...... 73 Bon I. Look, Denver ...•...... •...... 89 C. A. Cooper, Assayer, Silverton ...•...... 73 Cadwell, Denver...... • . • . • ...... •.....• 166 Colorado Investment and Development Co., Denver ..... 94 Cyrus Chapin, Denver ...... • 169 County Directory Pub. Co,, Denver ...... 1-169 Dr. Dameron, Denver, Inside back cover. Denver School of Mines, Denver ...... 124 Denver Blue Print Co ...... 164 t!A Denver Ore Testing Works, Denver ...... V':I: Denver Variety Machine Shop, Denver ...•.....•..•... 99 E. L. Sleeper & Co ...... •••••.....••... 24 E. T. Wiant, 501 16th Street, Denver ...... 36 First National Bank, Telluride ...... 23 J as. Leffel & Co., Springfield, Ohio...... •...... • 52 J. D. Caldon, Denver ...... •••• 94 John W. :Moakler, Denver ...... •. 154 Modern School of Business, Denver .•....•...•...••... 1 Ogden Assay Co., Denver...... • • . • ...... •• 118 Ponder Optical Co., Denver ...... •...... •...••..•.• 170 R. P. Emmet, Denver ...... •••...... •... 166 R. P. Andrews ...... 155 Rio Grande Southern .•.•.••..•....•....•..••...... • 99 Silverite-Plaindealer, Ouray ...... •...•••.. 52 Star Boiler and Sheet Iron Works, Denver ...•...... • 163 The Kendrick Mill & Mfg. Co., Denver .••...... •...•.• 161 The Weigele Pipe Works, Denver ...... 2 The Wall Street Brokers, Denver, Outside back cover. The 0. E. Miller Co., Denver ...... •....•...... •.. 119 The Mecca, 436 Equitable Bldg, Denver .....•...... 126 The Rocky Mountain Assaying and Refining Co., Denver 126 The Jackson Drill & Mfg. Co., Denver, Outside front cover. The Truax Mfg. Co., Denver, Outside front cover. The San Miguel Examiner .•.••....••.....•.••.••.... 20 The San Juan Hotel .•..••••..•.•.•..•...•••.•••.•••. 20 The Telluride J ourual. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • . . • • . • •••..• 20 168 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS

The Tomkins Hardware Co. . • . . • ...... • . • • • . . . • . . . 24 The Morning Democrat, Dnrango...... • . . . • • . • • • • 41 The La Plata Miner, La Plata...... • . . . . . • • • ...... • • • 41 The Wage Earner,· Durango...... • . . • • • . • • • . . . 41 The Durango Foundry, Durango ...... • . • • . . 41 The Central House Hotel, Silverton . . • ...... • . . . . . 70 The Silverton Standard, Silverton. • . . . • • • . . . • . . • . . . . • • 70 The Ouray Herald, Ouray...... • ...... • . • • • • • • • 73 The Buyers' Guide. • • • • • • • . . . . • • • • ...... • . • • . . . • • • 155 The Silver State Cycle Co., Denver, Inside front cover. The Willimson-Haffner Engraving Co., Denver. • • • . • • . . 88 The Lee Kinsey Implement Co., Denver...... 89 Western Slope Land and Development Co., Denver. • • • • 125 Wooien Mills Short End Tailoring Co., Denver, Outside back cover. W. J. Chamberlain & Co., Denver.. • • . . • • • . • • . • • • • • • • • 4