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A Global Assessment of Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries to Determine Variability in Success and Design

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A Global Assessment of Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries to Determine Variability in Success and Design A global assessment of Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries to determine variability in success and design March 21, 2014 Master’s Group Project Bren School of Environmental Science & Management University of California, Santa Barbara Master of Environmental Science and Management Degree Objective Team Members Gina Auriemma | Kristen Byler | Katie Peterson | Alana Yurkanin Faculty Advisor Dr. Chris Costello DiscoverTURFs: A global assessment of Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries to determine variability in success and design As authors of this group Project report, we are proud to archive this report on the Bren School’s website such that the results of our research are available for all to read. Our signatures on the document signify our joint responsibility to fulfill the archiving standards set by the Bren School of Environmental Science & Management. ______________________________________ Gina Auriemma ______________________________________ Kristen Byler ______________________________________ Katie Peterson ______________________________________ Alana Yurkanin The mission of the Bren School of Environmental Science & Management is to produce professionals with unrivaled training in environmental science and management who will devote their unique skills to the diagnosis, assessment, mitigation, prevention, and remedy of the environmental problems of today and the future. A guiding principal of the School is that the analysis of environmental problems requires quantitative training in more than one discipline and an awareness of the physical, biological, social, political, and economic consequences that arise from scientific or technological decisions. The Group Project is required of all students in the Master of Environmental Science and Management (MESM) Program. The project is a three-quarter activity in which small groups of students conduct focused, interdisciplinary research on the scientific, management, and policy dimensions of a specific environmental issue. This Group Project Final Report is authored by MESM students and has been reviewed and approved by: ______________________________________ Dr. Christopher Costello March 21st, 2014 Acknowledgements We extend our deepest gratitude to our faculty advisor, Dr. Christopher Costello for his invaluable assistance, support, and guidance. We are also extremely grateful to our external committee members Dr. Sarah Lester, Sarah Poon, and Dawn Dougherty for their support and expertise throughout. We greatly appreciate the guidance and resources provided by our main client, Rare Conservation. We are particularly grateful to Dr. Amielle DeWan for her many contributions towards improving our analysis. In addition to Rare, we thank all the partners involved in Fish Forever including The Environmental Defense Fund and the Sustainable Fisheries Group (SFG). We extend a special thanks to Michaela Clemence, Gavin McDonald, Dan Ovando, and Jamie Afflerbach. We sincerely thank Pablo Obregon who acted as a student consultant on this project and was vital to its development. Many people were instrumental to our survey design, distribution, and data collection process. Specifically, we would like to extend a special thanks to all the people who reviewed and helped to improve our survey, including Dr. Steve Gaines, Erica Cunningham, Larry Epstein, Alejandro Arrivillaga, Amy Hudson Weaver, and Cynthia Brown Mayoral. We especially thank Erendira Aceves and Pablo Obregon for translating our survey. We are also thankful to those who helped us distribute our survey and advertise our project, including Rahel Marsie-Hazen, Julie McCord, Too Big to Ignore, Tara Whitty and the Small-Scale Fisheries Research Network, SeaWeb and Marine Photobank, Live with the Sea, and the Fisheries Law Center. Many thanks to Will McClintock and the SeaSketch staff for hosting our survey. Ratana Chuenpagdee and the Too Big to Ignore staff generously provided one of the prizes for our survey respondents. Finally, we are tremendously grateful to all of our survey respondents who provided data essential to our project. Several survey respondents and fisheries experts provided additional resources and expertise critical to our analysis for which we are very grateful: Hiro Uchida, Lucia Perez de Oliveira, Massimo Spagnolo, Vahdet Ünal, Hazel Arceo, Chung-Ling Chen, Stacey Jupiter, Stuart Fulton, Hacene Hamdani, Sarah Valencia, Guilherme Dutra, and Nicolas Pascal Many additional people provided valuable assistance. Therefore, we also thank Dr. Bruce Kendall, Darcy Bradley, Allison Horst, Elena Ojea, Cristiane Elfes, Renato Molina, Tracey Mangin, Kiya Gornik, Becky Wright, Daniel Viana, and Aleister Pendleton. Finally, many thanks to the staff, graduate students, and faculty at the Bren School of Environmental Science & Management. The Bren School of Environmental Science & Management provided funding for this research. Table of Contents Abstract .......................................................................................................................................................................... I List of Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................................... II Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................................... III 1.0 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 The Issue of Managing Overfishing ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Rights Based Fisheries Management ................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries ........................................................................................................................ 2 1.4 TURF Hypotheses in the Literature ..................................................................................................................... 2 1.5 TURF Success ....................................................................................................................................................... 5 1.6 Criticisms of RBFM............................................................................................................................................... 8 1.7 The Need for a Global Analysis of TURFs ............................................................................................................ 8 1.8 Project Significance: Fish Forever ........................................................................................................................ 9 2.0 Methods................................................................................................................................................................. 10 2.1 Data Collection .................................................................................................................................................. 10 2.1.1 Survey ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 2.1.1.1 Survey Design ..................................................................................................................................... 11 2.1.1.2 Survey Distribution ............................................................................................................................. 11 2.1.1.3 Survey Response ................................................................................................................................. 12 2.1.2 Literature Review ....................................................................................................................................... 12 2.1.3 Spatial Data ................................................................................................................................................ 13 2.1.3.1 Georeferencing and Area Calculations ............................................................................................... 14 2.1.3.2 Geographic Features ........................................................................................................................... 16 2.2 Data Analysis ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 3.0 Results ................................................................................................................................................................... 18 3.1. TURF Characteristics and Locations ................................................................................................................. 18 3.1.1 TURF Systems ............................................................................................................................................. 19 3.1.2. Site‐specific TURF Characteristics ............................................................................................................. 20 3.2 Identification of TURF Regimes ......................................................................................................................... 26 3.3 Regressions .......................................................................................................................................................
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