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Descriptions of Paratylenchus Pernoxius Sp.N. and Paralongidorus

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Descriptions of Paratylenchus Pernoxius Sp.N. and Paralongidorus Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 81-89 Afro-Asian Journal of Nematology June, 1993 Descriptions of Paratylenchus pernoxius sp. n. and Paralongidorus duncani sp. n, from Senegal, and the Synonymization of Longidoroides with Paralongidorus M. R. Siddiqi", P.Baujard" and D. Mounport'?" • International Institute or Parasitology, 395a Hatfield Road, SL A1bans, Herts. AlA OXU, UK •• ORSTOM Laboratoire de Nematologie, B.P. 1386, Dakar, senegal; present address: Museum national d'Histoire natu­ relie, Laboratoire de Biologie Parasitaire, ProtistoJogie, Helminthologie, 61 rue Buffon, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France ••• Laboratoire de Biologie Animale, Faculte des Sciences, Dakar, Senegal AbstracL Paratylenchus pemoxius sp. n. and Paralongidorus duncani sp. n. from Senegal are described and illustrated. Paratylenchus pemoxius collected and reared on Sorghum vulgare L. is less than 0.4 mm long and has lateral fields with 4 incisures, 4 distinct submedian lobes around oral opening, a short stylet 13.5-16.0 (14.7) um long, excretory pore 0-2 annules anterior to hemizonid, vulva at 80-86 (83.3) per cent of body, female tail straight, 18-25 (21.3) urn long having a smooth, conoid-rounded terminus and males with 18-21 (20) urn long spicules and a regularly tapering, straight tail with conoid-rounded terminus. Paralongidorus duncani collected around roots of fallow plants and reared on Sorghum vulgare L. has females with a small body 1.67-2.29 (2.03) mm long, small odontostyie and odontophore (40-45 (43.5) urn and 37-46 (41) urn long, respectively), vulva at 45-49 (46.8) per cent of body, tail 42-54 (47.6) urn long and regularly tapering to a rounded terminus, males with spicuJes 28-31 (29.7) urn long and juveniles with only three developmental stages. Longidoroides Khan, Chawla & Sa ha, 1978 has been synonymized with Paralongidorus and thirteen new combinations have been proposed. Keywords: Longidoroides synonymy, new combinations, new species, Paralongidorus duncani; Paratylenchuspernox­ ius, Senegal, Sorghum vulgare, taxonomy. INTRODUCTION and fixed in FP 4 : 1 (Netscher & Seinhorst, 1969), and mounted in dehydrated glycerine on glass slides. During studies on ecology of nematodes from Sahelian For scanning electron microscopy the nematodes were zone of West Africa (Baujard, 1986), two new species of killed by gentle heating at 60°C for 30 seconds and processed plant-parasitic nematodes were identified in Senegal. They by the method of Baujard & Pariselle (1987). have been reared on Sorghum vulgare L. in the laboratory and are described here as Paratylenchus pernoxius sp. n. and Para­ SYSTEMATICS longidorus duncani sp. n. The latter species was first identified Paratylenchus pemorius sp. n. as belonging to the genus Longidoroides Khan, Chawla & (Figs 1 & 2) Saha, 1978, but a comparison with the paratypes of Paralongi­ dorus sali Siddiqi et al., 1963, the type species of Paralongido­ Measurements rus Siddiqi, Hooper & Khan, 1963, convinced us that it is a Holotype female: L 0.36 mm; a 24; b 4.6; c 15; c' species of Paralongidorus. We propose here to synonymize = = = = Longidoroides with Paralongidorus. = 2.6; V = 25-83.3; stylet = 15 urn. 25 paratype females: L = 0.28-0.38 (0.337±0.024) mm; a = 20-28 (23.8±1.8); b = 3.7-4.9 (4.2±O.3); c = 12-18 (15.5±1.59); c' = 2-2.9 (2.47±0.25); V = 80-86 (83.3±1.23); MATERIALS AND METHODS stylet = 13.5-16.0 (14.7±0.58) urn; tail = 18-25 (21.3±1.9) urn. The two nematode species described here were collected 15 paratype males: L = 0.29-0.38 (0.335±0.021) mm; a = during surveys of the peanut cropping areas in Senegal, West 24-34 (27.6±2.7); b = ?; c = 12.8-14.3 (13.5±O.54); c' = Africa (Baujard & Martiny, 1991). They were reared in the 2.3-3.1 (2.68±0.3); T = 19-37 (28±5.8); tail = 22-28 laboratory on Sorghum vulgare L., extracted by elutriation (23.7±1.2) urn. 81 1 Afro-Asian Journal of Nematology Vol. 3, No. 1, 1993 1 .,,:, 1 1·: 1 !:. , 1 ,. .. / F 1: r ../:, \: '1 (. ::1 (. -:1 f:: ':1 1 l' ':, 1 .1., 1: 1 1: " 1. 1 -1 1 1 . / :/ 1 1 1 1 1 1 -1 IOpm KL f----------=---------jl A,B, E G, 1, 1 - N 1 20p m f--_----e:-._--i1 C-E, H Fig. 1. Paraty/eru:hus pemoxius sp. n. A- F, J- N. Females. G-1. Males. A, B, G. Head ends. 1 C, K. Oesophageal regions. D, E, 1, L. Posterior ends. F. Lateral field. H. Reproductive tract. J. Entire mature female. M, N. Vulval regions. 1 82 1 1 • 1 Paraty/enchus pemoxius and Paralongidorus duncani: Siddiqi, Baujard, Mounport 1 Description (23.7±1.2) ~m long; terminus conoid-rounded, smooth. lYpe host and locality: Collected in March, 1985 during the Female. Body cylindrical, usually tapering regularly towards dry season in a lowland cropped with sorghum (Sorghum vu/­ both ends but with no marked tapering behind vulva except in 1 gare L.) in the previous rainy season, at Keur Boumi, about 5 mature females which become a little fatter in the reproduc­ km on Louga to Gueoul Road, Senegal, and then reared in tive region, slightly arcuate ventrally or C-shaped. Cuticle dis­ the laboratory on Sorghum vu/gare cv. 51 69 in Senegal. tinctly striated; striae 1.1-1.3 (1.2) ~m apart near middle. Lat­ 1 eral fields with 4 incisures forming 3 bands of which the lYpe specimens: Holotype female, 140 female and 10 male middle one is slightly narrower than the others; inner two inci­ paratypes on permanent glycerine mounted slides and numer­ sures sometimes difficult to see. Cephalic region with straight ous females and juveniles in fixative, at International Institute to convex sides, tapering anteriorly, with 4 distinct submedian of Parasitology, St. Albans, England; 10 female and one male lobes bordering a slightly convex central area, as seen in lat­ paratypes at Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, eral view. Face view in SEM shows 4 large round submedian England. Numerous females, males and juveniles in fixative at lobes, an 1-shaped oral opening guarded by 2 large lateral the Laboratoire de Biologie Parasitaire, Protistologie, HeI­ Iiplets and 4 annules (Fig. 2B,C). 1 minthologie, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Stylet strong, 13.5-16.0 (14.7±0.58) ~m long; conus 8.5-10.5 France. Five female paratypes, 1 male and 2 juveniles at the (9.7) ~m in length; basal knobs prominent, rounded, c10sely National Nematode Collection, Indian Agricultural Research packed together, 2.3-2.7 ~m acrossand 2-2.5 ~m high. Orifice Institute, New Delhi, India. 1 of dorsal oesophageal gland 4-6 ~m behind stylet. Excretory pore 60-90 (69±7.5) ~m from anterior end, at or up to two an­ Diagnosis and'relationship: Paratylenchus pemoxius sp. n nules anterior to hemizonid but usually at its anterior edge. is recognized by its body 0.28-0.38 mm long, female stylel Hemizonid distinct, 2-3 annules long. Deirids at level ofhemi­ 13.5-16 (14.7) ~m long, distinct submedian lobes, four inci· 1 zonid, 0-4 ~m behind excretory pore. Oesophagus typical, sures in lateral field, distinct hemizonid with excretory pore 70-89 (85±4.9) ~m long; distance from anterior end ofbody to located at or near its anterior margin, vulva at 80-86 (83.3) base of median oesophageal bulb almost as long as that from ~r cent, regularly tapering posterior end with straight to vulva to tail end. 1 shghtly arcuate tail ending in a conoid-rounded terminus and Vulva distinct, 230-318 (279±22.5) ~m from anterior end ot abundance of males. body; lateral vulval flaps straight-sided to slightly rounded It cornes close to P. italiensis Raski, 1975 and P. co/brani when seen laterally, 5 annules long (Fig. 2E). Vagina directed Raski, 1975, paratypes ofwhich have been studied and com­ 1 inward and forward; no post-uterine sac. Spermatheca round pared with il. It differs from P. ita/iensis in having slightly to slightly oval longitudinally, usually 11-13 ~m long, 10-11 longer body (31 females: 0.23-0.34 (0.28) mm long in the ~m wide in young and 30-31 ~m long and 20-21 ~m wide in latter), prominent submedian lobes, spermatheca with sperm, old females; packed with small rounded sperm in most fe­ straight-sided vulval flaps and tail tip conoid-rounded and not 1 males, 5-7 sperm occupying its width. Ovary anteriorly out­ acute as in the latter and the presence of males. From P. co/­ stretched, often irregularly bent, with 8-15 (11) oocytes in brani it differs in having prominent submedian lobes, slightly young and 17-29 in old females. smaller stylet (15-18 (16) ~m long in the latter), distinct hemi­ Rectum short, difficult to see. Anus pore-like. Tail straight 1 zonid, more posterior vulva (V = 79-82 (81) in the latter), to slightly dorsally convex but never arcuate, regularly taper­ large straight-sided vulval flaps, large spermatheca with smail mg to a small, smooth, conoid-rounded terminus 18-25 sized sperm, and male tail being straight, sometimes slightly (21.3±1.9) ~m long, with 16-25 (20) annules ventrally; lateral arcuate ventrally (curved a1most to 90 degrees in the latter). 1 field reaching near to tail terminus (Fig. 2D). Male. Cephalic region conoid-rounded to truncate, about 5 ~m wide at base and 3 ~m high. Excretory pore at anterior ParalongùJorus dum:ani sp.
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