History and Culture in Jordan Ahlan Wa Sahlan
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Aqaba Pledge: a Reconsideration of the 'Anṣār’S Subscription To
THE 'AQABA PLEDGE: A RECONSIDERATION OF THE 'ANṢĀR’S SUBSCRIPTION TO THE PLEDGE by MATTHEW LEE VANAUKER (Under the Direction of Kenneth Honerkamp) ABSTRACT The ‘Aqaba pledge was a pivotal moment for early Islamic history. Often, however, it is read and understood in the context of Muhammad’s life. Consequently, much remains unanswered concerning the other party to the pledge, viz. the ‘Anṣār. Traditionally, it has been understood that the ‘Anṣār subscribed to the pledge in the context of their ongoing intertribal wars and that out of a desire to bring an end to those wars, seeing Muhammad as the means for that, they accepted the terms of the pledge. This paper expands on this traditional understanding. It begins by expanding on the traditionally understood sociopolitical context that surrounded the ‘Anṣār on the eve of the pledge, looking closely at the Perso-Byzantine war in the early seventh century. It then points to a hitherto unidentified cause that forced the ‘Anṣār to desire reconciliation and to accept the terms of the pledge. INDEX WORDS: ‘Aqaba pledge, Jewish Messianism, The Sasanian Conquest of Jerusalem in 614, Byzantine, Late Antiquity, Early Islam, ‘Anṣār THE 'AQABA PLEDGE: A RECONSIDERATION OF THE 'ANṢĀR’S SUBSCRIPTION TO THE PLEDGE by MATTHEW LEE VANAUKER B.A., Syracuse University, 2014 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2016 © 2016 Matthew Lee VanAuker All Rights Reserved THE 'AQABA PLEDGE: A RECONSIDERATION OF THE 'ANṢĀR’S SUBSCRIPTION TO THE PLEDGE by MATTHEW LEE VANAUKER Major Professor: Kenneth Honerkamp Committee: Alan Godlas Carolyn Jones Medine Electronic Version Approved: Suzanne Barbour Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia May 2016 DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my wife, my daughter, and my parents. -
Mapping an Ancient City with a Century of Remotely Sensed Data
Mapping an ancient city with a century of remotely sensed data David Stotta,b,1, Søren Munch Kristiansena,c, Achim Lichtenbergerd,e, and Rubina Rajac,f aDepartment of Geoscience, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; bUnit of Archaeological Information Technology, Moesgaard Museum, 8270 Højbjerg, Denmark; cCentre for Urban Network Evolutions, Aarhus University, 8270 Højbjerg, Denmark; dInstitute for Classical Archaeology and Christian Archaeology, Münster University, 48143 Münster, Germany; eMünster University Archaeological Museum, Münster University, 48143 Münster, Germany; and fDepartment of Classical Studies, School of Culture and Society, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Edited by Zena Kamash, Royal Holloway University of London, and accepted by Editorial Board Member Susan Hanson April 18, 2018 (received for review December 12, 2017) The rapidly growing global population places cultural heritage at “megasite” with numerous structures (8, 9). In the Hellenistic great risk, and the encroachment of modern settlement on period, Jerash developed as a noteworthy settlement, and in the archaeological sites means that valuable information about how Roman, Byzantine, and Early Islamic periods the site underwent past societies worked and interacted with the environment is lost. intense urban development (10), which was interrupted by the To manage and mitigate these risks, we require knowledge about earthquake that hit the region on 18 January 749 CE (11). Lo- what has been lost and what remains, so we can actively decide cated on two sides of the steep wadi of Jerash, known in antiquity what should be investigated and what should be preserved for the as the river Chrysorrhoas (the Golden River), the city prospered future. -
Gender Based Violence Against Women and Girls Displaced by the Syrian Conflict in South Lebanon and North Jordan: Scope of Violence and Health Correlates
Gender Based Violence Against Women and Girls Displaced by the Syrian Conflict in South Lebanon and North Jordan: Scope of Violence and Health Correlates Jordan Based Researchers Lebanon Based Researcher Aida Essaid, PhD Jinan Usta, MD MPH Shirin Shukri, PhD Yasmine El Gharaibeh, MPP Hala Abu Taleb Nibal Awwad Hiba Nsour United States Based Researchers Cari Jo Clark, ScD, MPH Rachael Spencer, MPA This research has been produced with the technical support and coordination of Alianza por la Solidaridad and the financial assistance of the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation (AECID: Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional para el Desarrollo). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the official views of AECID. This research has also been funded and supported regarding the reproductive health component by United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) Lebanon. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the official views of UNFPA Lebanon. For questions about the research, please contact: Rachael Spencer at [email protected]. Suggested Citation: Spencer, R. A., J. Usta, A. Essaid, S. Shukri, Y. El-Gharaibeh, H. Abu-Taleb, N. Awwad, H. Nsour, Alianza por la Solidaridad, United Nations Population Fund-Lebanon and C. J. Clark (2015). Gender Based Violence Against Women and Girls Displaced by the Syrian Conflict in South Lebanon and North Jordan: Scope of Violence and Health Correlates, Alianza por la Solidaridad. Contents Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................... -
Remarks at the Red Sea Summit in Aqaba, Jordan June 4, 2003
June 3 / Administration of George W. Bush, 2003 the expression of different views and broad- Thank you very much, Mr. President. er political participation will unleash the talents of each nation. All Middle East countries that travel this challenging path NOTE: President Mubarak spoke at 3:50 p.m. will have the support and the friendship at the Four Seasons Resort. In his remarks, of the United States. President Bush referred to Crown Prince In this meeting we’ve made progress on Abdullah of Saudi Arabia; King Hamad bin a broad agenda, and we’re determined to Isa Al Khalifa of Bahrain; King Abdullah II keep moving forward. I thank all the lead- of Jordan; Prime Minister Mahmoud Abbas ers here today, and may God bless our (Abu Mazen) of the Palestinian Authority; important work. and Prime Minister Ariel Sharon of Israel. Remarks at the Red Sea Summit in Aqaba, Jordan June 4, 2003 King Abdullah II of Jordan. President end to the conflict. To the Palestinians, it Bush, Prime Minister Sharon, Prime Min- offers an end to the occupation, a viable ister Abbas, distinguished guests: We gather state, and the promise to live as a free today in Aqaba, this small city that symbol- and prosperous people. izes the immeasurable potential of bringing To be sure, the road to realizing this different peoples together. Not far from vision will not be straightforward or without here, Jordan and Israel signed a peace trea- obstacles. I’m aware that many in our re- ty in 1994. Nine years later, what brings gion and around the world view our gath- us here is the same dream, the dream of ering today through a lens marred with peace, prosperity, coexistence, and rec- skepticism and suspicion. -
The Egypt-Palestine/Israel Boundary: 1841-1992
University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Dissertations and Theses @ UNI Student Work 1992 The Egypt-Palestine/Israel boundary: 1841-1992 Thabit Abu-Rass University of Northern Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©1992 Thabit Abu-Rass Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd Part of the Human Geography Commons Recommended Citation Abu-Rass, Thabit, "The Egypt-Palestine/Israel boundary: 1841-1992" (1992). Dissertations and Theses @ UNI. 695. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/etd/695 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses @ UNI by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE EGYPT-PALESTINE/ISRAEL BOUNDARY: 1841-1992 An Abstract of a Thesis .Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the ~egree Master of Arts Thabit Abu-Rass University of Northern Iowa July 1992 ABSTRACT In 1841, with the involvement of European powers, the Ottoman Empire distinguished by Firman territory subject to a Khedive of Egypt from that subject more directly to Istanbul. With British pressure in 1906, a more formal boundary was established between Egypt and Ottoman Palestine. This study focuses on these events and on the history from 1841 to the present. The study area includes the Sinai peninsula and extends from the Suez Canal in the west to what is today southern Israel from Ashqelon on the Mediterranean to the southern shore of the Dead Sea in the east. -
Travel Brochure
distinguished travel for more than 35 years Antiquities of the AND Red Sea Aegean Sea INCLUDING A TRANSIT OF THE Suez Canal CE E AegeanAthens Sea E R G Mediterranean Sea Sea of Galilee Santorini Jerusalem Jerash Alexandria Amman EGYPT MasadaMasada Dead Sea Alexandria JORDAN ISRAEL Petra Suez Cairo Canal Wadi Rum Giza Aqaba EGYPT Ain Gulf of r Sea of Aqaba e Sokhna Suez v i R UNESCO World e l Heritage Site i Cruise Itinerary N Air Routing Hurghada Land Routing Valley of the Kings Red Sea Valley of the Queens Luxor October 29 to November 11, 2021 Amman u Petra u Luxor u The Pyramids Join us on this custom-designed, 14-day journey to the Suez Canal u Alexandria u Santorini u Athens cradle of civilization. Visit three continents, navigate the 1 Depart the U.S. or Canada legendary Red Sea, Mediterranean Sea and Aegean Sea, 2 Arrive in Athens, Greece/Embark Le Bellot 3 Santorini transit the Suez Canal and experience eight magnificent 4 Cruising the Mediterranean Sea UNESCO World Heritage sites. Cruise for eight nights 5 Alexandria, Egypt aboard the exclusively chartered, Five-Star Le Bellot, 6 Suez Canal transit which features 92 Suites and Staterooms, each with 7 Ain Sokhna for Cairo and Giza (Great Pyramids) a private balcony. Spend one night outside Petra and 8 Hurghada/Disembark ship/Luxor 9 Luxor/Valleys of Kings and Queens/Hurghada/ three nights in Amman. Mid-cruise, overnight in a Reembark ship Nile-view room in Luxor and visit Queen Nefertari’s 10 Aqaba, Jordan/Disembark ship/Wadi Rum/Petra tomb in the Valley of the Queens. -
Amman & Jerash • Jordan
AMMAN & JERASH • JORDAN AMMAN 4 days/3 nights From $886 per person twin share Amman, capital of Jordan, is one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities. Roman ruins and mediaeval mosques juxtapose with modern hotels and offices. Visit the ancient Citadel on the highest of Amman’s 7 hills, the Temple of Hercules, the Archaeological Museum and the Roman Theatre. Make time for shopping in the souks, bazaars or glitzy modern shopping malls. ACCOMMODATION Price per person from: Twin Single Four Seasons (Superior Rm) $1348 $2349 Grand Hyatt (Standard Rm) $886 $1533 Kempinski Hotel (Superior Rm) $892 $1569 The House Boutique (Studio Suite) $886 $1653 INCLUSIONS Jerash Colonnaded Street © Jordan Tourism Board Meet and assist at Amman airport, return hotel transfers, 3 nights bed & breakfast accommodation and half day city tour and half day Jerash tour. OPTIONAL DAY TOURS Tour cost per person from: Twin Single Amman half day City Tour Included Full day Jerash and Ajlun $194 $310 CITY TOUR Explore Amman, the capital of Jordan. This tour includes the mesmerising Roman Theatre and the enchanting Citadel, inhabited since the Bronze Age (1800BC). Explore the traditional Souqs, taking in Colorful Sands © Jordan Tourism Board the sights and smells of the spice markets. Deluxe Room © Four seasons Pool © Grand Hyatt FOUR SEASONS AMMAN GRAND HYATT Hadrian’s Arch, Jerash © Jordan Tourism Board This beautiful 5 star deluxe hotel sits on a hilltop The Grand Hyatt is conveniently nearby to many near the Shmeisani area with wonderful views of of the best sites including the Roman Theatre. JERASH AND AJLUN the city. -
Discover Jordan and Experience Wonders
www.moevenpick-hotels.com For more information and bookings please contact our Guest Relations desk. Discover Jordan and experience wonders. Lebanon N Syria Iraq Mediterranean Sea West Amman Bank Azrak Gaza Strip Dead Sea Israel Jordan Dana Saudi Arabia Petra Egypt Aqaba Mövenpick Resort Petra P.O.Box 214, Wadi Mousa, 71810 Petra, Jordan Phone +962 3 215 71 11, Fax +962 3 215 71 12 E-Mail and Internet Social Networks [email protected] MoevenpickJo www.moevenpick-hotels.com/petra Welcome to Petra and uncover the riches of Jordan. Mövenpick Resort Petra invites you to explore Jordan, a place steeped in history, culture and natural beauty. Whether you stay with us or transfer to another Mövenpick Hotel & Resort, there is plenty to see and do: from charming arts and crafts, to inspiring outdoor adventure, authentic eating and bazaar-style shopping. So put on your walking shoes, get your camera ready and see what the country has in store. Petra See the unbelievable and touch the treasure. Home to one of the seven wonders of the world, Petra is a place that has to be seen to be believed. It is also a place of honoured tradition, where you can experience all aspects of local culture – from the fruits of desert gardens to precious metal-craft. Handicraft Workshops in Dana Village Experience a rich reflection of Petra’s ancient culture. Visit the dried fruit centre where local women traditionally process fruit and herbs grown in Dana’s centuries-old terraced gardens. Afterwards, browse the jewel- coloured jams, fruit-leather, herbs and tea for sale at the visitor’s centre. -
Roman Gerasa Seen from Below
ROMAN GERASA SEEN FROM BELOW. An Alternative Study of Urban Landscape Ina Kehrberg (University of Sydney) Research background Syntheses of ancient Jarash and its urban spread are based largely on studies of monumental ruins, most of whose visible and imposing remains belong to the Roman and Byzantine eras of the Decapolis city Gerasa. Crowfoot's studies (Crowfoot [1930], [1931], [1938]) drew early attention to the selective reuse of older architectural blocks and entire building units in the construction of the first churches (Crowfoot [1938] 242-3: St John the Baptist’s church). Indeed, excavations from the later 1920s on (see Kraeling [1938]; JAP I [1986], JAP II [1989]) have brought to light that most Roman and later monumental remains of Gerasa contain evidence of spolia, and it seems, increasingly so with time. This trend continued in the Islamic periods, especially after the earthquake of A.D. 749 when public space like streets and public squares were used by the inhabitants for different purposes, indicating the breakdown of previous civic infrastructure. Recent material evidence supports contemporary literary references suggesting that during the Crusades and after the Mamlukes Jarash had been reduced to impoverished improvised occupancies. In the 19th century a Circassian and Chechen colony was settled under Ottoman rule and Jarash revived as a township. The new settlers became the last inheritors of the ancient and then still legal practice of quarrying stones from the ancient ruins (Schumacher [1902] 122f.) for their own constructions: their well-built now ruinous houses still bear witness to the fact. Continuing with the explorations of Kraeling’s (1938) Gerasa, the history of urban growth has changed relatively little seen in the main through the ruins of public secular and religious monuments which have earned Gerasa the modern attribute 'Pompeii of the East'.1 Overshadowed by these acclaimed monumental ruins, it is easy to consider as insignificant, or worse to ignore the seemingly vacant areas between those standing ruins and main thoroughfares. -
Where Jesus Walked
Where Jesus Walked: Day 01: Arrival at QAIA – Meet & Assist – Transfer Amman for 4 Nights You will arrive at Amman airport and will be met by our representative at the airport; you will transfer to your hotel in Amman where you will spend 4 nights Day 02: Visit Bethany – Visit Churches in Amman & King Abdullah Mosque You will be collected form your hotel after breakfast and travel to Bethany Beyond Jordan, which is located very close to the Lowest Place on Earth the Dead Sea. For Christians Bethany Beyond Jordan is probably the most significant pilgrim site in the world. Jesus’ baptism in the Jordan River, the opening of the heavens and the arrival of the Holy Spirit is the very beginning of Christianity. John was baptizing in the river Jordan close to Beit 'Abara, where Joshua, Elijah and Elisha crossed the river and very close to where Elijah ascended into heaven. In New Testament times, it became known as Bethany, the village of John the Baptist. This Bethany is not to be confused with the village of Bethany near Jerusalem, where the Bible says Lazarus was raised from the dead. The Bible clearly records that Jesus was baptized by John the Baptist (Matthew 3: 13-17), and that John the Baptist lived, preached and baptized in the village of Bethany, on "the other side of the Jordan" (John 1: 28). The baptism site, known in Arabic as al- Maghtas, is located at the head of a lush valley just east of the Jordan River. After Jesus' baptism at Bethany, he spent forty days in the wilderness east of the River Jordan, where he fasted and resisted the temptations of Satan (Mark 1: 13, Matthew 4: 1-11). -
From the Gulf of Aqaba to the Persian Gulf: Securing Western Interests On
From the Gulf of Aqaba to the Persian Gulf: Securing Western Interests on the Arabian Peninsula Hulda Kjeang Mørk, University of Oslo Panel 97: From the Gulf of Aqaba to the Persian Gulf. Securing Western Interests on the Arabian Peninsula Email: [email protected] I am happy to connect with others who have similar research interests. Abstract: During large parts of the Cold War, Iran and Israel were in covert alliance. Over land, Israel and Iran had no direct link, and hostile regimes separated them. But outside the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula, waters running from Israel met waters from Iran, creating a fluid connection. This paper argues that this fluid connection enabled Iranian-Israeli oil trade and motivated security collaboration between them. The young state of Israel collaborated with Iran in several areas. Iran facilitated the escape of persecuted Iraqi Jews, and Israel provided Iran with modern technology, particularly within the field of irrigation. Israel set up a line of credit for Iran, and Iran agreed to sell oil covertly to Israel. The oil was shipped from the Persian Gulf, around the Arabian Peninsula, to the Israeli post city of Eilat. In 1957, Israel became the largest consumer of Iranian oil. From the early 1960s, the collaboration between Israel and Iran included activities in the Middle East aimed at counteracting the influence of radical Arab nationalism. They both perceived the so- called radical Arabs, under the leadership of Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser, as a great threat to their security and sovereignty. In 1965, an Israeli official termed the Iranian- Israeli collaboration “The war on Nasser and his schemes.”1 Iran and Israel fought their war on Nasser by covertly engaging in civil conflicts in neighboring Arab nationalist regimes. -
Herod I, Flavius Josephus, and Roman Bathing
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts HEROD I, FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS, AND ROMAN BATHING: HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY IN DIALOG A Thesis in History by Jeffrey T. Herrick 2009 Jeffrey T. Herrick Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts August 2009 The thesis of Jeffrey T. Herrick was reviewed and approved* by the following: Garrett G. Fagan Associate Professor of Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies and History Thesis Advisor Paul B. Harvey Associate Professor of Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies, History, and Religious Studies, Head of Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies Ann E. Killebrew Associate Professor of Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies, Jewish Studies, and Anthropology Carol Reardon Director of Graduate Studies in History; Professor of Military History *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT In this thesis, I examine the historical and archaeological evidence for the baths built in late 1st century B.C.E by King Herod I of Judaea (commonly called ―the Great‖). In the modern period, many and diverse explanations of Herod‘s actions have been put forward, but previous approaches have often been hamstrung by inadequate and disproportionate use of either form of evidence. My analysis incorporates both forms while still keeping important criticisms of both in mind. Both forms of evidence, archaeological and historical, have biases, and it is important to consider their nuances and limitations as well as the information they offer. In the first chapter, I describe the most important previous approaches to the person of Herod and evaluate both the theoretical paradigms as well as the methodologies which governed them.