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Myosin II Reactivation and Cytoskeletal Remodeling As a Hallmark and a Vulnerability in Melanoma Therapy Resistance
Article Myosin II Reactivation and Cytoskeletal Remodeling as a Hallmark and a Vulnerability in Melanoma Therapy Resistance Graphical Abstract Authors Jose L. Orgaz, Eva Crosas-Molist, Amine Sadok, ..., actin-Myosin dynamics Sophia N. Karagiannis, Ilaria Malanchi, Victoria Sanz-Moreno transcriptional re-wiring cytoskeleton ROCK-Myosin II- Correspondence remodeling addicted tumor [email protected] (J.L.O.), MAPKi [email protected] (V.S.-M.) MAPKi anti-PD-1 MAPK Myosin II Cross-resistant ROCK/Myosin II In Brief phenotype inhibition Orgaz et al. show that myosin II activity ROCK/Myosin II ROCK/Myosin II increases during melanoma adaptation to PD-L1 ROS PD-L1 ROS MAPK pathway inhibition. ROCK-myosin II signaling supports survival of resistant p-H2A.X melanoma cells and promotes immunosuppression. ROCK inhibitors FOXP3+ + Treg CD206+ CD206 improve the efficacy of MAPK inhibitors CD206+ φ FOXP3+ Mφ M Mφ Treg and immunotherapies in melanoma FOXP3+ FOXP3+ + + CD206 Treg Treg CD206 φ + M + CD206 Mφ models. + CD206 φ FOXP3 φ M Treg M Highlights d Therapy-resistant melanoma cells restore myosin II activity to increase survival d High myosin II activity identifies targeted and immunotherapy-resistant melanomas d ROCK-myosin II inhibition increases ROS-DNA damage and decreases PD-L1 and Tregs d ROCK inhibition enhances efficacy of MAPK inhibitors and immunotherapies Orgaz et al., 2020, Cancer Cell 37, 85–103 January 13, 2020 ª 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2019.12.003 Cancer Cell Article Myosin II Reactivation and Cytoskeletal Remodeling as a Hallmark and a Vulnerability in Melanoma Therapy Resistance Jose L. -
Stoddart Research Professor of Chemistry, a Position Northwestern University He Held Until His Death in 1977
PREVIOUS J.K.N. JONES JONES LECTURERS John Kenyon Netherton Jones, Ph.D. Department of Chemistry Birmingham University. Assistant lecturer Queen’s University and then lecturer at Bristol University 1936- 2011 • J.A. Caruso 1944, he was engaged in munitions research and training during the Second World War. 2010 • T. Marks He resigned at the end of the war with the is honoured to host the rank of captain, and returned to academic 2012 Jones Lecturer: work as senior lecturer at Manchester 2010 • G. van Koten University 1945-1948 and then as reader in chemistry at Bristol University 1948-1953. 2009 • P.B. Corkum He came to Queen's in 1953 as Chown Prof. J Fraser Stoddart Research Professor of Chemistry, a position Northwestern University he held until his death in 1977. 2008 • M. Gruebele Evanston, Illinois, USA Professor Jones' outstanding achievements in carbohydrate chemistry were recognized by 2005 • W. Klemperer his election as Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1957 and of the Royal Society of Canada in 1959. The Division of 2001 • G. Ozin Carbohydrate Chemistry of the American Chemical Society presented him with the 1997 • M.S. Brookhart Claude S. Hudson Award in 1969, and in 1975 he received the Anselme Payen Award from the Cellulose, Paper and Textile 1993 • B.O. Fraser-Reid Public Lecture Division. In March 1975 he was awarded the third Sir Norman Haworth Memorial Medal of “Mingling Art with Science” The Chemical Society (London). 1990 • S. Hanessian Professor Jones was, at all times, an Thursday, March 22, 2012 educator of the highest rank and an 1982 • R. -
Vitamin C: Prevention of Chronic Diseases and Optimal Doses
NFT 9-2010 s. 20-27 08.09.10 13.00 Side 20 Vitenskap Review Vitamin C: Prevention of Chronic Diseases and Optimal Doses TEXT: Purusotam Basnet, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, e-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION acid because of its anti-scorbutic property ABSTRACT It has been known for a long time that (Latin word scorbutus = scurvy). In absence of fresh fruit and vegetables in the solution, it releases a proton to give an The role of vitamin C in prevention and human diet leads to scurvy, a fatal disease anion called ascorbate. Ascorbate easily treatment of scurvy is well accepted. In widely described throughout written transfers one electron and one additional spite of having long history as the candidate of alternative therapy for the history (Lind, 1753). Later, it was dis - proton and can remains in the stable prevention and treatment of cancer, still covered that ascorbic acid in fresh fruits radical form as semidehydroascorbate there is no common conclusion on the and vegetables prevents scurvy and that is (SDA), a state in between dehydroa- topic. However, its biochemical reaction why it is a vitamin for humans and must be scorbic acid (DHA) and ascorbate in the as an antioxidant and its immuno- a part of human diet (Mandl et al., 2009). physiological condition (figure 1). stimulating effects drew further Among the long list of people who Because of the unique electron trans- attention towards its health beneficial contributed to the knowledge regarding ferring capability, ascorbate plays a vital effects. Current official recommended vitamin C, three Nobel prize-winners are in role in living cells. -
Ian Rae: “Two Croatian Chemists Who Were Awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry”
Croatian Studies Review 13 (2017) Ian Rae: “Two Croatian Chemists who were Awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry” Ian Rae School of Chemistry University of Melbourne [email protected] Abstract Two organic chemists of Croatian origin, Leopold Ružička and Vladimir Prelog, made significant contributions to natural product chemistry during the twentieth century. They received their university education and research training in Germany and Czechoslovakia, respectively. Both made their careers in Zürich, Switzerland, and both shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, in 1939 and 1975, respectively. In this article, I have set the details of their lives and achievements against the education and research climates in Europe and other regions, especially as they apply to the field of chemistry. Key words: Croatia, organic, chemistry, Nobel, Ružička, Prelog 31 Croatian Studies Review 13 (2017) Introduction1 In the twentieth century two organic chemists of Croatian origin were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. They were Lavoslav (Leopold) Ružička (1887-1976) and Vladimir Prelog (1906-1998), whose awards came in 1939 and 1975, respectively. Both were living and working in Switzerland at the time of the awards and it was in that country – specifically in the city of Zürich – that they performed the research that made them Nobel Laureates. To understand the careers of Ružička and Prelog, and of many other twentieth century organic chemists, we need to look back to the nineteenth century when German chemists were the leaders in this field of science. Two developments characterise this German hegemony: the introduction of the research degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), and the close collaboration between organic chemists in industry and university. -
Date: To: September 22, 1 997 Mr Ian Johnston©
22-SEP-1997 16:36 NOBELSTIFTELSEN 4& 8 6603847 SID 01 NOBELSTIFTELSEN The Nobel Foundation TELEFAX Date: September 22, 1 997 To: Mr Ian Johnston© Company: Executive Office of the Secretary-General Fax no: 0091-2129633511 From: The Nobel Foundation Total number of pages: olO MESSAGE DearMrJohnstone, With reference to your fax and to our telephone conversation, I am enclosing the address list of all Nobel Prize laureates. Yours sincerely, Ingr BergstrSm Mailing address: Bos StU S-102 45 Stockholm. Sweden Strat itddrtSMi Suircfatan 14 Teleptelrtts: (-MB S) 663 » 20 Fsuc (*-«>!) «W Jg 47 22-SEP-1997 16:36 NOBELSTIFTELSEN 46 B S603847 SID 02 22-SEP-1997 16:35 NOBELSTIFTELSEN 46 8 6603847 SID 03 Professor Willis E, Lamb Jr Prof. Aleksandre M. Prokhorov Dr. Leo EsaJki 848 North Norris Avenue Russian Academy of Sciences University of Tsukuba TUCSON, AZ 857 19 Leninskii Prospect 14 Tsukuba USA MSOCOWV71 Ibaraki Ru s s I a 305 Japan 59* c>io Dr. Tsung Dao Lee Professor Hans A. Bethe Professor Antony Hewlsh Department of Physics Cornell University Cavendish Laboratory Columbia University ITHACA, NY 14853 University of Cambridge 538 West I20th Street USA CAMBRIDGE CB3 OHE NEW YORK, NY 10027 England USA S96 014 S ' Dr. Chen Ning Yang Professor Murray Gell-Mann ^ Professor Aage Bohr The Institute for Department of Physics Niels Bohr Institutet Theoretical Physics California Institute of Technology Blegdamsvej 17 State University of New York PASADENA, CA91125 DK-2100 KOPENHAMN 0 STONY BROOK, NY 11794 USA D anni ark USA 595 600 613 Professor Owen Chamberlain Professor Louis Neel ' Professor Ben Mottelson 6068 Margarldo Drive Membre de rinstitute Nordita OAKLAND, CA 946 IS 15 Rue Marcel-Allegot Blegdamsvej 17 USA F-92190 MEUDON-BELLEVUE DK-2100 KOPENHAMN 0 Frankrike D an m ar k 599 615 Professor Donald A. -
Final Programme 12Th JVMS.Pdf
12th John Vane Memorial Symposium on Prostacyclin Science and Pulmonary Vascular Disease 17-18 March 2017 Foreword by Sir John Vane, FRS, Nobel Laureate Professor Chris Thiemermann, FMedSci by Rod Flower, FRS Dear Friends and Colleagues, Sir John Vane was one of the pre-eminent pharmacologists of the I am delighted to welcome you to the 12th John Vane Memorial twentieth century and, during a career spanning over 50 years, Symposium on Prostacyclin Science and Pulmonary Vascular made enormous contributions to the pharmacotherapy of Disease which has been made possible thanks to the valued hypertension and inflammation. support of United Therapeutics who have once again provided John was born in Worcestershire and educated at King Edward us with an unrestricted educational grant. VI School, Birmingham. His first degree (1946) was a B.Sc. in The John Vane Memorial Symposia Series has become an Chemistry at the University of Birmingham but, as he later important fixture on the Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) explained to his tutor, he did not want to pursue chemistry as a community’s busy calendar and provides participants with a career because the subject did not excite him. By chance, he valuable opportunity to learn about the very latest clinical and was offered training as a pharmacologist under the tutelage of scientific developments in PAH from leading international experts Professor J. Harold Burn in Oxford where he really found his working in this area. métier. After obtaining his Ph.D. in 1953 John spent two years in the Department of Pharmacology at Yale University with the This year’s scientific programme includes a wealth of important (then) chairman Dr. -
Facts and Figures 2013
Facts and Figures 201 3 Contents The University 2 World ranking 4 Academic pedigree 6 Areas of impact 8 Research power 10 Spin-outs 12 Income 14 Students 16 Graduate careers 18 Alumni 20 Faculties and Schools 22 Staff 24 Estates investment 26 Visitor attractions 28 Widening participation 30 At a glance 32 1 The University of Manchester Our Strategic Vision 2020 states our mission: “By 2020, The University of Manchester will be one of the top 25 research universities in the world, where all students enjoy a rewarding educational and wider experience; known worldwide as a place where the highest academic values and educational innovation are cherished; where research prospers and makes a real difference; and where the fruits of scholarship resonate throughout society.” Our core goals 1 World-class research 2 Outstanding learning and student experience 3 Social responsibility 2 3 World ranking The quality of our teaching and the impact of our research are the cornerstones of our success. 5 The Shanghai Jiao Tong University UK Academic Ranking of World ranking Universities assesses the best teaching and research universities, and in 2012 we were ranked 40th in the world. 7 World European UK European Year Ranking Ranking Ranking ranking 2012 40 7 5 2010 44 9 5 2005 53 12 6 2004* 78* 24* 9* 40 Source: 2012 Shanghai Jiao Tong University World Academic Ranking of World Universities ranking *2004 ranking refers to the Victoria University of Manchester prior to the merger with UMIST. 4 5 Academic pedigree Nobel laureates 1900 JJ Thomson , Physics (1906) We attract the highest calibre researchers and Ernest Rutherford , Chemistry (1908) teachers, boasting 25 Nobel Prize winners among 1910 William Lawrence Bragg , Physics (1915) current and former staff and students. -
Los Premios Nobel De Química
Los premios Nobel de Química MATERIAL RECOPILADO POR: DULCE MARÍA DE ANDRÉS CABRERIZO Los premios Nobel de Química El campo de la Química que más premios ha recibido es el de la Quí- mica Orgánica. Frederick Sanger es el único laurea- do que ganó el premio en dos oca- siones, en 1958 y 1980. Otros dos también ganaron premios Nobel en otros campos: Marie Curie (física en El Premio Nobel de Química es entregado anual- 1903, química en 1911) y Linus Carl mente por la Academia Sueca a científicos que so- bresalen por sus contribuciones en el campo de la Pauling (química en 1954, paz en Física. 1962). Seis mujeres han ganado el Es uno de los cinco premios Nobel establecidos en premio: Marie Curie, Irène Joliot- el testamento de Alfred Nobel, en 1895, y que son dados a todos aquellos individuos que realizan Curie (1935), Dorothy Crowfoot Ho- contribuciones notables en la Química, la Física, la dgkin (1964), Ada Yonath (2009) y Literatura, la Paz y la Fisiología o Medicina. Emmanuelle Charpentier y Jennifer Según el testamento de Nobel, este reconocimien- to es administrado directamente por la Fundación Doudna (2020) Nobel y concedido por un comité conformado por Ha habido ocho años en los que no cinco miembros que son elegidos por la Real Aca- demia Sueca de las Ciencias. se entregó el premio Nobel de Quí- El primer Premio Nobel de Química fue otorgado mica, en algunas ocasiones por de- en 1901 al holandés Jacobus Henricus van't Hoff. clararse desierto y en otras por la Cada destinatario recibe una medalla, un diploma y situación de guerra mundial y el exi- un premio económico que ha variado a lo largo de los años. -
The Physiologist Also Receive Abstracts of the Conferences of the Tsien and Reuter Elected American Physiological Society
The A Publication of The American Physiological Society Physiologist Volume 40 Number 4 August 1997 Fostering Science and Science Careers Donald T. Frazier, Director Inside Outreach Center for Science and Health Career Opportunities, University of Kentucky I am most appreciative of the Guyton Physiology Teacher of the Year Award, especially since it is named after Arthur Guyton. It is through his efforts 150th APS in placing physiology in the hands of so many stu- Business dents that W. B. Saunders Company has seen fit to Meeting support this teaching award. As will be immediately p. 135 obvious by my remarks, I accept this honor on behalf of the many staff and volunteers at the Uni- versity of Kentucky who are the backbone of our outreach efforts. It is a recognition that I will long APS Committee remember and cherish. I would be remiss if I did not Reports publicly thank Dan Richardson for nominating me p. 141 and nominating me and nominating me. In all seri- ousness, my biggest reward is that Dan felt, rightful- ly or wrongfully, that my credentials deserved con- sideration. He could be in front of you in his own Donald T. Frazier EB ‘98 Preview right since he is truly a master teacher who has ded- p. 168 icated so much to physiology. responses to environment/economy issues, As is often the case, those attending a talk increased financial support for science education, concerning education are often more knowledge- an internationally competitive workforce, and able than the speaker. I am very confident that this maintenance of an adequate healthcare applicant Career Corner: is the situation I face tonight. -
A Nobel Synthesis
MILESTONES IN CHEMISTRY Ian Grayson A nobel synthesis IAN GRAYSON Evonik Degussa GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, Hanau-Wolfgang, 63457, Germany he first Nobel Prize for chemistry was because it is a scientific challenge, as he awarded in 1901 (to Jacobus van’t Hoff). described in his Nobel lecture: “The synthesis T Up to 2010, the chemistry prize has been of brazilin would have no industrial value; awarded 102 times, to 160 laureates, of whom its biological importance is problematical, only four have been women (1). The most but it is worth while to attempt it for the prominent area for awarding the Nobel Prize sufficient reason that we have no idea how for chemistry has been in organic chemistry, in to accomplish the task” (4). which the Nobel committee includes natural Continuing the list of Nobel Laureates in products, synthesis, catalysis, and polymers. organic synthesis we arrive next at R. B. This amounts to 24 of the prizes. Reading the Woodward. Considered by many the greatest achievements of the earlier organic chemists organic chemist of the 20th century, he who were recipients of the prize, we see that devised syntheses of numerous natural they were drawn to synthesis by the structural Alfred Nobel, 1833-1896 products, including lysergic acid, quinine, analysis and characterisation of natural cortisone and strychnine (Figure 1). 6 compounds. In order to prove the structure conclusively, some In collaboration with Albert Eschenmoser, he achieved the synthesis, even if only a partial synthesis, had to be attempted. It is synthesis of vitamin B12, a mammoth task involving nearly 100 impressive to read of some of the structures which were deduced students and post-docs over many years. -
Blue Plaque Guide
Blue Plaque Guide Research and Cultural Collections 2 Blue Plaque Guide Foreword 3 Introduction 4 1 Dame Hilda Lloyd 6 2 Leon Abrams and Ray Lightwood 7 3 Sir Norman Haworth 8 4 Sir Peter Medawar 9 5 Charles Lapworth 10 6 Frederick Shotton 11 7 Sir Edward Elgar 12 8 Sir Granville Bantock 13 9 Otto Robert Frisch and Sir Rudolf E Peierls 14 10 John Randall and Harry Boot 15 11 Sir Mark Oliphant 16 12 John Henry Poynting 17 13 Margery Fry 18 14 Sir William Ashley 19 15 George Neville Watson 20 16 Louis MacNeice 21 17 Sir Nikolaus Pevsner 22 18 David Lodge 23 19 Francois Lafi tte 24 20 The Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies 25 21 John Sutton Nettlefold 26 22 John Sinclair 27 23 Marie Corelli 28 Acknowledgments 29 Visit us 30 Map 31 Blue Plaque Guide 3 Foreword Across the main entrance to the Aston Webb Building, the historic centre of our campus, is a line of standing male figures carved into the fabric by Henry Pegram. If this were a cathedral, they would be saints or prophets; changed the world, from their common home the University but this is the University of Birmingham, and the people of Birmingham. who greet us as we pass through those doors are Beethoven, Virgil, Michelangelo, Plato, Shakespeare, The University’s Research and Cultural Collections, Newton, Watt, Faraday and Darwin. While only one of working with Special Collections, the Lapworth Museum, those (Shakespeare) was a local lad, and another (Watt) the Barber Institute of Fine Arts and Winterbourne House local by adoption, together they stand for the primacy of and Garden, reflect the cross-disciplinary nature of the creativity. -
Webinar Series
ISCaM2020 - 7th Annual Meeting – Webinar series Systemic Metabolism and Cancer The Francis Crick Institute, October-November 2020, in association with the Consortium for Mitochondrial Research, University College London Scientific committee: Dimitrios Anastasiou, Katiuscia Bianchi, Gyorgy Szabadkai, Mariia Yuneva _________________________________________________________________________ Zoom (same for all sessions): https://crick.zoom.us/j/63151976897?pwd=ejNSV0dBdFF5V0J6SHF5STVRa3Y3dz09 Passcode: 680444 Webinar ID: 631 5197 6897 Systemic Metabolism and Cancer 1: Cancer Therapy and Diet 20 October, 2020, 4pm Keynote: Karen Vousden, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK Valter D Longo, IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milano, Italy, Longevity Institute, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. Jason W Locasale, Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA. Almut Schulze, Division of Tumor Metabolism and Microenvironment, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany Systemic Metabolism and Cancer 2: The Tumour Microenvironment 27 October, 2020, 4pm Jean-Ehrland Ricci, Metabolism and Lymphoma : from basic to translational research Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM U1065, Nice, France Katiuscia Bianchi, Barts Cancer Institute, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK Kathrin Renner, Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology (RCI), Regensburg, Germany