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Bulletin of Animal Science Supardi Rusdiana and Soeharsono Business Efficiency Level of Beef Cattle Buletin Peternakan 42 (1): 72-79, February 2018 Bulletin of Animal Science ISSN-0126-4400/E-ISSN-2407-876X Acredited: 36a/E/KPT/2016 http://buletinpeternakan.fapet.ugm.ac.id/ Doi: 10.21059/buletinpeternak.v42i1.25917 Analysis of Business Efficiency Level of Beef Cattle in Banggai District of Central Sulawesi Supardi Rusdiana* and Soeharsono Livestock Research Institute Ciawi-Bogor, Bogor, 16002, Indonesia ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the level of efficiency analysis of beef cattle business in breeders. The research was conducted in Batui Sub-district, Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi in 2015, using completely randomized design (CRD), with control I, treatment II = 1 + supplemented feed 1.00% of body weight, treatment III = 1 + Article history supplement feed 1,50% of body weight and treatment IV = 1 + supplemented feed 2.00% Submitted: 14 June 2017 of body weight, according to the weight of the livestock. Primary data obtained from Accepted: 24 November 2017 interviews on business units of beef cattle farmers, while secondary data obtained from * Corresponding author: the relevant agencies. The collected data were analyzed descriptively, qualitatively and Telp. +62 8128 2010 532 economic analysis. The results showed that income on the implementation of E-mail: [email protected] supplemented feed of the highest concentrate feed was achieved at 2.00% supplementation level. The gain in control I is IDR13,680,-/head, R/C ratio 1.50 and B/C ratio 0.56, treatment II IDR19,380,-/head, R/C 2.15 and B/C 1.15, treatment III of IDR25,080,-/head, R/C ratio 2.26 and B/C ratio 1.26 and treatment IV of IDR28,500,- /head, R/C 2.44 and B/C 1.44. Financially, beef cattle business is profitable and shows the feasibility of cattle business deserve to be developed. Keywords: Analysis of economic, Beef cattle, Central Sulawesi, Efficiency of business Introduction equal to the sales price of cattle, thus can be sold at competitive prices. The cattle breeds that raised Increased of production, productivity, and by the farmers in Central Sulawesi are Donggala, competitiveness of beef cattle business would give Bali, Ramon and Peranakan Ongole (PO). The many advantages if local resources can be utilized purpose of this business is not only to meet the optimally. The lead comparative with the support of requirement of meat in domestic area but also to innovative technology, competitive advantage, and supply in wider area. About 12.000 head of cattle other conception can provide benefit to the farmers. (20 to 25%) had been distributed to East Currently, most of the traditional farmers merely Kalimantan every year (Dinas Peternakan Provinsi had beef cattle business as their side business and Sulawesi Tengah, 2014). for saving (Rusdiana and Adawiyah, 2013b), so This condition will stabilize the business of that required encouragement and direction to the beef cattle when supported by the adoption of farmers about commercial business with the technology, so that increase the productivity and support and some infrastructures, either capital or ensure the sustainability of business investment. calves, and the availability of high-quality feed. The provision of cattle farm infrastructure is one of Indonesia had 17,169,045 of beef cattle the strategic ways in the development of beef cattle populations in Central Sulawesi in 2015. During last policy (Yusdja and Ilham, 2010; Rini, 2014). It five years (from 2011 to 2015), it was about cannot be separated with the fact that the farmer 230.682 to 299.485 populations, increased about has not been able to feed the cattle with the high 19,08% (Statistik Pertanian, 2015). Slaughterers in quality of feed animal. Furthermore, the other way Indonesia had slaughtered beef cattle in 200 to 250 to enhance the additional value of this business is kilograms of early weight, or before it should be, improving land as a place to grow forage. The due to economic considerations. Whereas, they farmers need to make changes to better business would gain at least 10 to 30% of additional meat management and utilizing good quality of forage, when it is being fattened or postpone to be waste food crops and the addition of concentrates. slaughtered. This great potential can be achieved Beef cattle farm are raised by the farmers when high quality of calves and feed animals are either in a large or small scale and scattered in available so that the potential genetic of the cattle many different places. Based on Ministry of can be expressed maximally. Feed cost would be Agriculture and Plantation Central Sulawesi, waste Supardi Rusdiana and Soeharsono Business Efficiency Level of Beef Cattle of food crops and plantations are potential to be technology, the farmers needed to obtained used optimally as alternative feed for ruminant, training and experience raising, so they do not have these are 1.536.471 tons/year of rice straw, to follow the formal education. 102.432 tons/year of rice bran, 37.418 tons/year of According to Wei (2001), the farmer's mackerel, corn 456.052 tons/year of straw, 6.152 activity, human resources, and farm labors are tons/year of soybean straw, 87.364 tons/year of fundamental to balance the business management. coconut waste, 544.569 tons/year of cocoa waste, The beef cattle business is the backbone of the and 777.007 tons/year of palm oil waste (Hidayat, society, hence become the economic drivers in 2014). The success of a business cattle farm can Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi. Beef cattle be measured by many ways or indicators. business may increase if supported with facilities The success of beef cattle business can be and infrastructure, also the willingness of farmers calculated by measuring the efficiency of the raised in raising the business. business. Mayulu et al. (2010) suggest that beef cattle business can be built up with the support of Time and location the strategic policy, which includes three major This research was done in Batui sub-district, dimensions of agribusiness: market policy inputs, Banggai regency, Central Sulawesi in 2015, in the cultivation, and marketing involves the beef cattle farmers using survey method. This governments, private sector, and the farmers. study was conducted to determine the livestock Based on the issues above, a method of ration production of beef cattle based on feed technology preparation has not be used optimally. The better innovation and beef cattle production system by the of giving appropriate feed to cattle, and then farmers. Survey method began with monitoring productivity and economic value will be increased. activity through a survey using questionnaires and In addition to utilizing crop waste and held in-depth interview with the competent forage, the farmers also attempted to provide stakeholders to obtain the description related to the additional feed concentrates that able to increase production system, beef cattle business and the productivity of beef cattle. Currently, beef cattle development strategies of beef cattle based on business becomes more competitive. In order to be local resources. able to compete in the free market economy, the The availability of feed was highly enough, farmers in Central Sulawesi might have good since this location was about agricultural land and knowledge about beef cattle business empty land, besides the place of grazing cattle. The management. One of the solutions to increase data collected in this study were primary and productivity is improving the efficiency level of the secondary data. The primary data were collected beef cattle business. Central Sulawesi is not only by using 40 distributed questionnaires of the the center of beef cattle production but also as the respondent. Meanwhile the secondary data were granary and has potential to develop beef cattle obtained from Department of Agriculture, published business. This research aims to determine the level research, journals, proceedings, assessment and of efficiency analysis of beef cattle business in other support data that concerns with the title Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi. The results of above. this research could use as a consideration to the police maker, effective, efficient and can be Methods of data analysis proposed economically. Method of analysis that used in this study was a technical condition on a beef cattle farm. The Materials and Methods business efficiency level of cattle farm can be financially calculated by its profitability. According Approach problem to Soeharsono et al. (2014b), feed factors could Mostly, the farmers in Batui subdistrict, affect the growth of beef cattle both breeding and Banggai regency, Central Sulawesi have kept their fattening. Growth of beef cattle could be gained by cattle by grazing it during a day or put it into the utilizing high quality concentrates as an additional pen. At this time, having a cattle farm is not feed, considered to technical, economical, and profitable for the farmers because they had the availability feed aspects. Primary and secondary farm as a side business and only for saving. data were analyzed in quantitative descriptive and Characteristic of the cattle farm in this area is economically ways. This research used additional breeding and fattening. feed supplements which compose of rice bran and The farmers could look for feed easily both dried coconut meal with different levels for the beef dry and rain season, also in the other time. This cattle business. circumstance is supported by availability of land for This research used completely randomize growing forage and the labor for taking care the design (CRD) with calves. Supplement feed has animals. Dewi et al. (2010) stated that development given during 4 months with each treatment: of human resource is a process to upgrade the I = Existing (control) on the calves knowledge, creativity, and skills of farmers in II = I + feed supplements 1.00% body improving their business.
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