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CONTENTS Three Swedish Expeditions to North America 1642 (ISSN 0275-9314) CONTENTS Three Swedish Expeditions to North America 1642-1649 1 Possessions of a Swedish Pioneer 33 St. Ansgarius (Chicago) Marriages 1867-1879 (Continued) 38 Genealogical Queries 47 Answers to Queries 54 Additional on Sven Trägårdh 55 Medal to Mark Kalmar Nyckel Arrival Vol. VIII March 1988 No. 1 Copyright® 1988 Swedish American Genealogist P.O. Box 2186 Winter Park, FL 32790 Tel. (407) 647-4292 (ISSN 0275-9314) Editor and Publisher Nils William Olsson. Ph.D.. F.A.S.G. Contributing Editors Glen E. Brolander. Augustana College, Rock Island, 1L Sten Carlsson. Ph.D., Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden Col. Erik Thorell, Stockholm. Sweden Elisabeth Thorsell, Järfälla. Sweden Erik Wikén. Ph.D., Uppsala, Sweden Contributions arc welcome but the quarterly and its editors assume no responsibility for errors of fact or views expressed, nor for the accuracy of material presented in books reviewed. Queries are printed free of charge to subscribers only. Subscriptions are $16.00 per annum and run for the calendar year. Single copies are S5.00 each. In Sweden the subscription price is 125.00 Swedish kronor per year for surface delivery. 175.00 kronor (or air delivery. In Scandinavia the subscription lee may be deposited in postgiro account No. 260 10-9, Swedish American Genealogist, Box 15222. 161 15 Bromma. Argosy Tours Announces A HERITAGE TOUR OF SWEDEN 12-26 June 1988 Sponsored by Kalmar Nyckel Commemorative Committee of Wilmington, DE Swedish American Historical Foundation of Philadelphia, PA Swedish American Genealogist of Winter Park, FL Visit the ancestral places of many of the New Sweden colonists via deluxe motor coach. Tour includes first class hotels and most meals, sightseeing and many extras. For further information, send for free brochure from Argosy Tours, 133 East 55th Street, New York, NY 10022, or call toll-free 1-800-223-5688. Three Swedish Expeditions to North America 1642-1649 Sten Carlsson* 1. Introduction In his basic work on the Swedes on the Delaware Amandus Johnson refers to twelve expeditions which during the period 1637 to 1655 were dispatched to the New Sweden colony. His sources are mainly to be found in Sweden. Of particular value are two series under the headings Handel och sjöfart (Trade and Navigation), Vols. 42-44 and 194-197, of which one series during Amandus Johnson's time was to be found in Kammararkivet (Exchequer Archives) and the other in Riksarkivet (National Archives). Today the Exchequer Archives have been transferred to the National Archives. So far as Johnson attempted to reconstruct the crew lists and the passenger manifests—his interest in personal as well as social history was rather limited—he stayed mainly with the rosters which listed the settlers, as a rule only the adult males in the colony at various times. Except for a list of 35 persons, who in May 1641 departed on the Charitas from Stockholm to Göteborg—a list which only partly corresponds to the roster of those who continued the journey from Göteborg to Delaware—Johnson published only one passenger list. This was the twelfth and the last expedition with the Mercurius, which departed from Göteborg 1655, mainly with Värmland Finns on board, and which did not reach New Sweden until 1656, after the colony had been lost to the Dutch.1 From Johnson's notes it is apparent that he knew of still another passenger list, the ninth expedition with Kattan (The Cat) in 1649.2 He did not bother to publish this list or to pay it any particular attention, probably because the vessel foundered and never reached New Sweden. The list was moreover published already in 1884 in The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography by Gregory B. Keen and was reprinted in 1975 by The Genealogical Publishing Company in Baltimore, MD. This edition is in many aspects faulty and contains no efforts to identify the place-names, many of which have been misspelled and in several instances even misunderstood.3 The list is not without interest, however, and is published herewith, with notes, from the original in the series Trade and Navigation, Vol.196. But first I *Dr. StenCarlsson ol'St.Olofsgatan 12, 752 21 Uppsala, Sweden, is a retired professor of history at the University of Uppsala. For many years he chaired the project at the university which mapped Swedish emigration to America. He is the author of a number of books dealing with Swedish and Swedish American history and has lectured widely in Sweden and the United States. 1 Swedish American Genealogist wish to publish two crew lists from two of the earlier expeditions. Obviously Amandus Johnson did not have knowledge of a small packet in the Swedish Navy's archives in Krigsarkivet (The Royal War Archives) in Stockholm with the title Sjöexpeditioner: Rulla på sjöfolk etc till Nya Sverige 1642-1645 (Naval Expeditions: Roster of Seamen, etc. to New Sweden 1642- 1645.) On the first leaf the heading states Westindijske Farerne (West India Travelers). The packet consists, in a somewhat irregular fashion, several lists, which deal with the crews aboard the Fama (Fame) and Svanen (The Swan), which departed for New Sweden 1642 as well as the vessels Kalmar Nyckel (The Key of Kalmar) and the Fama, which departed for the West Indies and New Sweden respectively in 1643.1 became aware of these documents, thanks to Nils William Olsson, who in turn had been provided copies of them by Baron Christopher von Warnstedt, a Ph. D. in history in Stockholm.4 The lists are published here based on the originals in the Royal War Archives together with the necessary commentaries. These three lists are presented here verbatim et literatum. A few name forms have proved difficult to solve. Translations into English, where necessary, have been provided. These translations also contain localizations of the many place- names by provinces. A small portion of these names, as for example those ending in village and parish names of the type Hult and Torp, which can be found in several of the provinces, have been left unidentified. 2. Fama and Svanen 1642-1643 In April 1642 Johan Printz was appointed governor of New Sweden. Preparations were made for an expedition—the fifth in order—which, among other things, was to take him and his family to America. Originally the plan was that three ships were to participate in this expedition, but the number was reduced to two. Great efforts were made to recruit colonists, among other places, from the areas in Värmland, inhabited by Finns. Indviduals for whom prison sentences had been imposed for crimes committed, these terms were translated into a given time period in New Sweden—usually a period six years.5 In addition to the crew, about fifty passengers are known by their names. They will be included in a comprehensive list of all of the Swedish emigrants who departed for New Sweden 1637-1655, which will be presented in a subsequent study. Preparations went forward slowly. Much cargo had to be brought on board: wine, malt barley, grain, clothing, wax, paper, horses, cattle, sheep, etc., as well as provisions for the journey itself. On 1 and 10 August crew lists were drawn up and 17 August the vessels left Stockholm for Göteborg, the first stop on the long journey. From Göteborg the ships sailed 1 November, arriving at the Delaware River by the end of January 1643.6 In August of 1642 the crew aboard the Fama consisted of 31 men and on Svanen 33 men. All of them were still on board at the time of departure from Göteborg in November, which speaks well for the discipline on board. The chief 2 Three Swedish Expeditions boatswains, Johan Andersson and Nils Elofsson, had exchanged vessels, however, so that the former had gone over from the Fama to Svanen, while the latter had gone in the opposite direction. In Göteborg the factor or agent, Timon von Schotingen (he was not on board himself) signed on another nine mariners, of which four were placed on the Fama and five on Svanen. Additionally the Fama got a barber (Berghofft) and another sailor (Henrik Matsson) and Svanen a barber (Burmester). Including all, theFama ended up with 37 men, Svanen with 39. Both the Stockholm list as well as the Göteborg list are presented in Appendix 1 A-D. In many ways these lists complement each other, in other ways they vary in the spelling of some names and as to the origin of the sailors. Geographically the 76 men involved are distributed as follows: Stockholm 11 Southwest Finland 3 The rest of Uppland 2 East Bothnia, Finland 3 Södermanland 3 Karelia, Finland (Viborg) 3 Västmanland (Köping) 1 Finland (not specified) 2 Närke (Örebro) 3 Norway (including Bohuslän) 2 Östergötland (Vadstena) 1 Poland (Danzig) 1 Göteborg 8 Germany 3 The rest of Västergötland 8 The Netherlands 8 Hälsingland 3 Unidentified places The Åland Islands 2 (probably Swedish) 6 No information available 3 Total 76 As can be seen, the foreign element was not insignificant: eight Dutchmen (plus probably the captain—Tering Hindriksson), four Germans, two Norwegians and a Pole (from Danzig).7 The Netherlanders were quite important, since at least one captain and possibly the other (Hindriksson) were Dutchmen, in addition to the two first mates and probably also the supply officers. One of the cooks came from Hamburg, one of the barbers from Stralsund, a gunner from Emden and a chief boatswain from Danzig. Thus the more qualified staff seems to have been recruited from outside of Sweden. Of the remainder of the crew, i.e. the seamen, the Swedes and the Finns dominated, but they also furnished some of the craftsmen: a sailmaker, a ship's carpenter and a cook.
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