Guide to Good Practice in Core Area Development DFID Research Project R 6860 Jakarta Field Studies and Workshop DRAFT FINAL REPORT
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Guide to Good Practice in Core Area Development DFID Research Project R 6860 Jakarta Field Studies and Workshop DRAFT FINAL REPORT Compiled by: M. Theis, Tony Lloyd-Jones, W. Erickson Mark Povey, S.B Mulyawan, R. Kalra Submitted by: Max Lock Centre University of Westminster 35, Marylebone Road London. NW1 5LS and Centre for Urban and Regional Planning Studies Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia March 2000 The Max Lock Centre, University of Westminster, produced this report with the support of the Infrastructure and Urban Development Department (IUDD), British Government Department for International Development (DFID). The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policy of DFID. © 2003 University of Westminster All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in any retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior permission of the copyright owners. Nevertheless, short excerpts may be reproduced without authorisation, on condition that the source is clearly indicated. For rights of reproduction or translation, applications should be made to the copyright contacts given below. Contact address: Dr Mike Theis The Max Lock Centre Tony Lloyd-Jones School of Architecture and the Built Environment Bill Erickson University of Westminster Ripin Kalra 35 Marylebone Road London NW1 5LS Mark Povey United Kingdom Sarah Carmona Tel +44 (0) 20 7011 5000 ext 3131 Sugeng Budhi Mulyawan Fax +44 (0) 20 7911 5171 Haryo Winarso (research student at DPU Unit, UCL) Email: [email protected] Lucy Rudwiarti (research student at Oxford Brookes University) Jitender Chaudhary Website: http://www.wmin.ac.uk/builtenv/maxlock/ Chris Marsh Department for International Development Infrastructure, Health and Education No. 1 Palace Street London, SW1E 5 HE Design and layout by Max Lock Centre Printed by: The Max Lock Centre University of Westminster London, United Kingdom We would particularly like to thank the following for their contributions and advice The residents and community leaders of Karet Tengsin study area Prof. B.S. Kusbiantoro (Institute of Technology Bandung, Centre for Urban and Regional Planning Studies) and the research team: Benedictus Kombaitan Donny Prakoso Mangisi Irene Pangaribuan Akbar Trilo Miming Miharja Pitra Satvika Wilmar A. Salim Dovi Horas Hutapea (video recording) The many staff of the DKI Jakarta province, especially at the planning department (BAPEDDA). The participants at Focus Group Discussion at Karet Tengsin regency office on May 19th 1999 on the outcome of the field survey and a one-day Workshop held on May 26th 1999 at the Jakarta local government on the issues raised by the Jakarta Field Studies (see Appendix D for details). The research and survey team of Centre for Urban and Regional Planning Studies, Institute of Technology Bandung The CD on the inside of the front cover contains the complete report including Appendices Draft Final Report - March 2000 Jakarta field studies and workshop DFID Research project R6860 Guide to good practice in core area development Contents 1. Introduction.………………………………………………………………………. 1-1 2. Study methodology………………………………………………………………. 2-1 2.1 Project formulation and site identification…………………………………… 2-1 2.2 Project survey and data collection…………………………………………… 2-1 2.3 Project analysis and development options………………………………….. 2-1 3. Jakarta City and Metropolitan Region: a contextual overview……………3-1 3.1 The national planning background……………………………………………3-1 3.2 Indonesia land management.………………………………………….……... 3-4 3.3 Low-income housing policies………………………………………….………3-5 3.4 Jakarta: administration background…………………………………………..3-6 3.5 Jakarta: planning background………….…………………………………….. 3-7 3.6 Jakarta: land development……………………………………………………. 3-8 4. Identification of suitable sites in Jakarta……………………………………. 4-1 4.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………….. 4-1 4.2 Site selection criteria………………………………………………………….. 4-1 4.3 The visited sites……………………………………………………………….. 4-1 4.4 The most suitable sites……………………………………………………….. 4-2 4.5 Sites in Bandung………………………………………………………………. 4-2 5. Selected sites : Karet Tengsin..………………………………………………... 5-1 5.1 Site background and general characteristics………………………………. 5-1 5.2 Administrative and planning background…………………………………….5-2 5.3 Physical description…………………………………………………………….5-8 5.4 The study and survey areas………………………………………………….. 5-8 5.5 Development plans, guidelines and proposals…………………………….. 5-15 6. Karet Tengsin : Socio-Economic Survey…..………………………………… 6-1 6.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………….. 6-1 6.2 Survey methodology……………………………………………………………6-1 6.3 Karet Tengsin survey main findings…………………………………………. 6-1 6.3.1 Houses in multi-occupancy……………………………………………… 6-1 6.3.2 Age, sex and ethnic background……………………………………….. 6-6 6.3.3 Household type and relationship of members to the household head.6-6 6.3.4 Household size……………………………………………………………. 6-6 6.3.5 Employment and skills…………………………………………………….6-8 6.3.6 Travelling to work…………………………………………………………. 6-8 6.3.7 Land and property ownership…………………………………………… 6-10 6.3.8 Thoughts on moving from Karet Tengsin………………………………. 6-10 6.3.9 System of payment and average amount paid per month…………….6-11 6.3.10 Consumer goods observed in households…………………………… 6-13 6.3.11 Households heads: cost of rented accommodation………………….6-13 7. Karet Tengsin: analysis of development potential…………………………. 7-1 7.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………………...7-1 7.2 Aim………………………………………………………………………………. 7-1 7.3 Objective………………………………………………………………………... 7-1 7.4 Stakeholders…………………………………………………………………….7-1 7.5 Existing situation………………………………………………………………. 7-2 7.6 Local institutions………………………………………………………………. 7-2 7.6.1 Introduction……………………………………………………………….7-2 7.6.2 LKMD (Village Community Resilience Institution)……………………7-2 7.6.3 Rukun Warga (Harmonious Citizenry)……………………………….. 7-3 7.6.4 BPD (Local Village Assembly)………………………………………… 7-4 7.6.5 Conclusion………………………………………………………………. 7-4 Contents.doc i Draft Final Report - March 2000 Jakarta field studies and workshop DFID Research project R6860 Guide to good practice in core area development 7.7 Problem identification as the project development formulation approach. 7-7 7.7.1 General problems of the study area………………………………….. 7-7 7.7.2 Stakeholder identification and their problems……………………….. 7-8 7.7.3 SWOT analysis………………………………………………………….. 7-14 8. Development approaches of Karet Tengsin ………………………………....8-1 8.1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………….. 8-1 8.2 Do nothing scenario…………………………………………………………….8.1 8.3 Local government statutory plan scenario…………………………………...8-3 8.4 Clean sweep scheme scenario…………………………………………..…... 8-5 8.5 Incremental development and partnership scenario…………………..…… 8-6 8.6 Conclusion………………………………………………………………..…….. 8-7 References………………………………………………………………………………9-1 Appendix A. Flat survey in central of Jakarta ……………………………………A-1 Rusun Development…………………………………………………………………. A-2 Penjaringan flats…..…………………………………………………………………. A-2 Kebon Kacang flats..…………………………………………………………………. A-2 Tanah Abang flats….………………………………………………………………….A-3 Appendix B. Statutory planning code used as development control in 1:1000 mapping and the land use abbreviation…………….. B-1 Appendix C. Proposed study sites …………………………………………….…. C-1 Kemayoran….…………………………………………………………………………. C-2 Manggarai….…………………………………………………………………………. C-2 Sunda Kelapa….……………………………………………………………………… C-3 Pademangan….………………………………………………………………………. C-3 Jatinegara….…………………………………………………………………………. C-3 Karet Tengsin….……………………………………………………………………… C-4 Appendix D. Sample household interview survey tabulation……..………….. D-1 Table 1: Karet Tengsin: Age Groups %……………………………………………..D-2 Table 2: Karet Tengsin: Type of Household: Sample Number and %………….. D-3 Table 3: Karet Tengsin: Relationship to Household Head: Sample Number and % ……………………………………………………………………….. D-5 Table 4: Karet Tengsin: Size of Household: Sample Number and %……………D-6 Table 5: Karet Tengsin: Work location, travel cost and time: % of those in employment …… D-7 Table 6: Karet Tengsin: Type of Work Activity: Sample Number and %………. D-9 Table 7: Karet Tengsin: Employment Type: Sample Number and %………….. D-9 Table 8: Karet Tengsin: System of payment: Sample Number and %…………. D-10 Table 9: Karet Tengsin: Average amount of payment per month: Sample Number and %………………………………………………………D-10 Table 10: Karet Tengsin: Household heads: Consumer Goods: Sample Number and …………………………………………………….. D-11 Table 11: Karet Tengsin: Household Heads: Ethnic Group: Sample Number and %………………………………………………….. D-12 Table 12: Karet Tengsin: Household Heads: Tenure Type: Sample Number and % …………………………………………………..D-12 Table 13: Karet Tengsin: Household Heads: Cost if Rented: Sample Number and %…………………………………………………...D-13 Contents.doc ii Draft Final Report - March 2000 Jakarta field studies and workshop DFID Research project R6860 Guide to good practice in core area development Table 14: Karet Tengsin: Household Heads: How long resident: Sample Number and % …………………………………………………..D-13 Table 15: Karet Tengsin: Household Heads: Would you like to ..?: Sample Number and %…………………………………………………...D-14 Table 16: Karet Tengsin: Household Heads: How long resident by tenure: %… D-15 Table 17: Karet Tengsin: Household Heads: Intentions by tenure: %…………. D-16 Appendix E. Transcripts of Karet Tengsin video interviews..…………….…. E-1 Tape 1.…………………………………………………………………………………. E-2 Tape 2…..….……..…………………………………………………………………….E-10 Glossary of place names..……………………………………………………………