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________________ - b ~ ~ 822 IDJA9O MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF PUBLIC HYDRANTS & WATER TERMINALS IN NORTH JAKARTA Final Report Joint cooperation of: National Development Planning Board (BAPPENAS) United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Yayasan Dian Desa Yayasan Dian Desa Yogyakar~s May, 1990 822—IDJA9O—8760 UBRARY INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE CENTRE FOR COMMUN. ~YWATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION (1RC~ ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The final report on monitoring and evaluation of Public hydrants and Water Terminals in North Jakarta is part of the agreement between Yayasan Dian Desa, Unicef and Bappenas. The objectiveof the monitor- ing and evaluation is to analyze the status of the government assisted public hydrants and water terminals, problems occur during the project implementation, their operation and management, the impact, and the community perception of the program. The result will serve as inputs to improve the program as well as for the basis to define future similarprograms inNorth Jakarta or inother areas. The Monitoring and evaluation was conducted for six months since October 1989 to March 1990. To get maximal data the Yayasan Dian Desa team integratedto the localpeople by living for 5 months in several kampungs of the monitoring area in North Jakarta. Besides direct interaction with the community, the team interviewed 650 families, 150 pushcartwater vendors and all the public hydrants and water terminal caretakers (104). Yayasan Dian Desa would not be able to conduct the monitoring and evaluation well without the assis- tance of many people involved in the project. We therefore would like to thank Dr. Sukirman and Mr. Adam from Bappenas, Mr. Tambing from DAB Cipta Karya who have given their valuable inputs and ideas, to Mr. Suharto of Bappeda DKI Jakarta, and Mr. Pandepotan Sinaga from the office of the Walikota of North Jakarta as without their assistance the team may not be able to work efficiently, and also to Mr. Gebyar, Mr. Roeli, Mr. Godman Ambarita from PAM DKI and all the head of Rayons of PAM in North Jakarta for their cooperation and information. We would also like to thank Dr. Mathur and Mr. Z Karim from Unicef who have given a lot of inputs in the development of the survey methodol- ogy. Last but not least we would like to thank all others who have helped us in this monitoring and evaluation, especially to Ms. Susi Moro who helped to get the water quality analysis done, Mr. Haji Bani and Mr. Purwanto who assisted the team to get toknow the different kampungs in North Jakarta. We hope that this report can be useful to the different parties involved and can be valuable inputs inover- coming water supplyproblem inurban poor areas inIndonesia. Yogyakarta, Juni 1990. Yayasan Dian Desa Team Anton Soedjarwo Yudhi Hermanu Sriyanto M. Herinansyah LIBRARY, INTERNATIONAL REFERENCE CE~1TPEFOR O(~MMUNITYWAlER SUPPLY AND SANFIA 1i0N ~i~C) N~).Be ~ 2509 AD The Hague Tel. (070) W 491 uxt. 141/142 RN: LO: iDJ~9O Table of Contents - Acknowledgment Table ofContents List of Graphs List of Table Executive Sumary Ex-1 1. Introduction 1-1 1.1. Background and Objective of The Monitoring and Evaluation 1-1 1.2. Scope of Monitoring and Evaluation 1-1 13. Monitoring and Evaluation Methodology 1-2 1.4. Sampling Technique 1-4 1.4.1. Sampling Technique forMonthly Report 1-4 1.4.1.1. Data on HU and TA 1-4 1.4.1.2. Colection of Data on Healthand Water Quality 1-4 1.42. Sampling and Technique forFinal Report 1-4 1.4.2.1. Data on HU and TA Caretakers - 1-4 1.42.2. Data on Push Cart Water Vendors 1-4 1.423. Water UserFamilies 1-5 1.5. Schedule 1-5 2. Profile ofNorth Jakarta 2-1 2.1. Area and Location 24 2.2. Population and Housing 24 2.2.1. Population 2-1 22.2. Housing 22 2.23. Clean Water Supply Consumption on Pattern 2-3 3. Clean Water Supply Problem hiNorth Jakarta 3-1 3.1. Historical Background 3-1 3.2. The Concept of OvercomingClean Water Supply Problem in North Jakarta Area 3-3 3.3. The Management in OvercomingClean Water Sypply Problem 3-5 4. Condition ofHU and TAin North Jakarta 4-1 4.1. Technical Condition 4-3 4.1.1. Original Design versus Implementation 4-3 - 4.1.1.1. Water Terminal (TA) 4-3 4.1.1.2. Public Hydrant (HIJ) 4-4 4.1.2. Condition of HU and TAFacilities 4-5 4.12.1. Reservoir 4-5 4.1.2.2. Water Meter Box 4-6 4.13. Additional Construction 4-9 4.13.1. Additional Reservoir 4-9 4.1.3.2. Additional Equipments for Better Services -4-10 4.13.3. Additional Facilities 4-12 4.2. HU and TA Services 4-13 4.2.1. Water Availability 4-13 Monitoring and Evaluation HU & TA in North Jakaxta 4.2.1.1. Water Availability at HU 4-14 4.2.1.2. Water Availability at Water Terminal (TA) 4-15 4.2.2. Time Availability of Cartekers to Provide Services 4-17 4.23. Ff0 and TAWhich were notFunctioning 4-17 4.3. Water Quality 4-17 43.1. HO Water Quality 4-18 4.3.1.1. Water Sampling and Laboratory Analysis 4-20 43.2. Discussion on Water Quality 4-20 5. HU and TA Management and Operation 5-1 5.1. System 5-1 5.1.1. The Approach 5-1 5.1.2. The Operation and Management The Facilities 5-3 5.2. Actor Involved in Management and Utilisation of HO & TA 5-3 5.2.1. Perusahaan Air Minum (PAM) DKIJAYA 5-3 52.1.1. Technical and Financial Management - 5-4 52.12. Tariff of Water for HU and TA 5-4 522. HU and TA Caretakers 5-7 52.2.1. The Recruitment Process of HO and TA 5-9 522.2. The Range of ExpenditureSpent to be Come 5-10 52.23. Services Providedby Caretaketsto Water Customers 5-11 522.4. Additional Facilities and Equipments forBetterServices 5-12 5225. ServiceTime Schedule 5-fl 522.6. HO and TA Caretakers Understanding About Water Quality 5-13 522.7. HO Water Price and System of Payment 5-14 52.2.8. HO and TA Operational Cost 5-17 5.22.9. The Total Amount ofWater Sold by HO (in m3) 5-21 52.2.10. Water Terminal 5-25 5.23. Water Vendor 5-25 523.1. General Characteristics of Water Vendors 5-26 5232. Water Vendors Activities 5-28 5.2.33. Buying and Selling Prices 5-29 523.4. The Profit Gained or The Income ofWater Vendors - 5-31 5235 .WaterVendors Expenditure 5-31 52.4. Water Customers 5-32 5.2.4.1. HO Customers 5-32 52.4.1.1. HO Direct Customers 5-32 52.4.1,2. HO WAter Vendor’sCustomers 5-36 52.42. TA Customers 5-39 52.42.1. Direct Customers FromTA 5-41) 52.422. TAWAter Vendor’s Customers 5-42 52.43. Former Price ofWater and It Cahnges 5-45 5.2.43.1. HO Customers 547 52.432. TAWater Customers 53 6. Analysis and Discussion 6-1 6.1. Comunity’s Perception and Respect towards The Goverment Assisted HO and TAProject 6-1 6.2. Price of Water versus Real Expenditure forClean Water 6-2 63. Clean Water Consumption and The Comunity’s Expenditure forClean Water 6-7 6.4. Control by Goverment versus Private Sector 6-10 65. MonitoringProblems on HUITA Program 6-12 65.1. Monitoring and Evaluatiorn The Physical and Non-physical Aspects 6-13 65.2. Monitoring and Evaluation: The Parties Involved ang Theft Roles 6-14 List ofTables 1. Table 1. Population of DKIJakarta andNorth Jakarta 2-1 2. Table 2. The North Jakarta Population Density by Kecamatan 2-1 3. Table 3. Distribution of HU & TAin NorthJakarta 4-1 4. Table 4. HU & TA:Code, Location & Customers 4-2 5. Table 5. Condition of Reservoir, Water Meter and Valve 4-8 6. Table 6. Additional Constructionby Caretakers 4-11 7. Table 7. ServicesProvidedby HU & TAto the Comunity 4-16 8. Table. Laboratory Analysis 4-22 9. Table. HO & TA:Code, Location & Caretakers 5-8 10. Table 8. Water Price at HUTFA 5-15 11. Table 9. Total Volume (m3) Sold in 4 Periods 5-22 List of Graphs 1. Graph 4-1. Conditionof Water Meter Box, Water Meter and Valve 4-6 2. Graph 4-2. Amount of HO and Addituional Reservoir 4-9 3. Graph 4-3. Percentage ofProblemsAffecting The Service ofHUs 4-13 4. Graph 5-1.ackground of Caretakers and Its Percentages 5-7 5. Graph 5-2. Recruitments Processes 5-10 6. Graph 5-3. The Pattern of HO & TA Management 5-11 7. Graph 54. Percentage of Sub-contract 5-11 8. Graph 5-5. Additional Facilities at HO 5-12 9. Graph 5-6. Frequency of HUs Cleaning 5-13 10. Graph 5-7. Range of Water Price at Caretakers Level 5-14 U. Graph 5-8. SellingPrice vs Ceiling Price 5-16 12. Graph 5-9. The Average ofSellingPrice Range 5-16 13. Graph 5-10. Expenditure Distribution:Without Pump 5-20 14. Graph 5-11. Expenditure Distribution:With Pump 5-20 15. Graph 5-12. Break Event Point of Caretakers Cost 5-21 16. Graph 5-13. Total Volume Sold in 4 Periods 5-23 17. Graph 5-14. Range of The Average of The Total Volume SoldbyHO/Month 5-24 18. Graph 5-15. Total Volume Sold by TA (Rayon) 5-25 19. Graph 5-16.