Sunnymel Limited Partnership
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. THE PROPONENT ...... 8
2 THE UNDERTAKING ...... 10
2.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW ...... 10 2.2 PROJECT LOCATION ...... 11 2.3 SITING CONSIDERATIONS ...... 12 2.4 PHYSICAL COMPONENTS AND DIMENSIONS OF THE PROJECT ...... 13 2.4.1 Site Overview...... 13 2.4.2 On-site Facilities ...... 14 2.4.3 Dimensions...... 15
2.5 CONSTRUCTION ...... 15 2.6 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE :...... 16 2.6.1 General Process Description...... 16 2.6.2 Employee and Operation Shift Breakdown ...... 18 2.6.3 Inputs ...... 18 2.6.3.1 Livestock...... 18 2.6.3.2 Potable Water ...... 18 2.6.3.3 Electricity...... 18 2.6.3.4 Fuel...... 19 2.6.3.5 Chemicals ...... 19 2.6.4 Outputs ...... 20 2.6.4.1 Chicken Yield Breakdown & Finished Products ...... 20 2.6.4.2 By-products...... 21 2.6.4.3 Wastewater & Sludge...... 21 2.6.4.4 Surface Runoff...... 22 2.6.4.5 Solid and Other Wastes...... 22 2.6.6 Wastewater Treatment Facility ...... 24 2.6.6.1 Design Constraints...... 24 2.6.6.2 Description of the Overall Proposed Wastewater Treatment Process...... 26 2.6.6.3 Preliminary Design of Treatment ...... 27 2.6.6.4 Chemical Dosing Equipment...... 31 2.6.6.5 Storage and Sludge Treatment...... 32 2.6.6.6 Technical Building...... 33 2.6.6.7 Outfall pipe in St John River ...... 33
2.7 FUTURE EXTENSIONS ...... 34 2.8 DECOMMISSIONING ...... 34 2.9 LIST OF PROJECT -RELATED DOCUMENTS ...... 35
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 2 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
3 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT...... 36
3.1 PHYSICAL AND NATURAL FEATURES ...... 36 3.1.1 Geology ...... 36 3.1.2 Hydrology...... 36 3.1.3 Hydrogeology...... 38 3.1.4 Existing Ambient Air and Noise Level...... 38 3.1.5 Vegetation...... 39 3.1.6 Fish in Saint John River...... 39 3.1.7 Fauna ...... 40
3.2 CULTURAL FEATURES ...... 40 3.3 EXISTING LAND USES ...... 41 3.4 HISTORIC LAND USES ...... 42 3.5 REFERENCES ...... 43 4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ...... 44
4.1 AIR QUALITY IMPACTS ...... 44 4.1.1 Greenhouse Gases...... 44 4.1.2 Ammonia...... 45 4.1.3 Odours...... 45 4.1.4 Noise ...... 46
4.2 GROUNDWATER IMPACTS ...... 46 4.3 SURFACE WATER IMPACTS ...... 47 4.3.1 Effluent to Saint John River & Fish ...... 47 4.3.2 Effects from Runoff ...... 47
4.4 SOILS ...... 48 4.5 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS ...... 49 4.5.1 Method of Evaluation ...... 49 4.5.2 During Construction ...... 52 4.5.3 During Operation ...... 54
5 SUMMARY OF PROPOSED MITIGATION ...... 56
5.1 AIR QUALITY ...... 56 5.1.1 Odours from Wastewater Treatment operation...... 56 5.1.2 Noise ...... 57
5.2 WATER QUALITY ...... 57 5.2.1 Groundwater...... 57
5.2.2 SURFACE WATER ...... 58 5.2.2.1 Runoff...... 58 5.2.2.2 Sanitary Wastewater...... 59 5.2.2.3 Treated Wastewater discharged into the Saint John River ...... 59 5.2.3 Soils ...... 59
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 3 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
5.3 CONTINGENCY PLANNING ...... 60 5.3.1 Process Equipment Malfunction ...... 60 5.3.2 Wastewater Treatment System Malfunction...... 61 5.3.3 Fire ...... 61 5.3.4 Accidental Spills or Release of Hazardous Materials...... 61 5.3.5 Extreme Rainfall Events...... 62 5.3.6 Floodwater Transporting Pollutants ...... 62 5.3.7 Shortage of Potable Water ...... 62
6 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT...... 63
6.1 MAIN PUBLICIZED INFORMATION ...... 63 6.2 PUBLIC NOTICE ...... 65 6.3 INFORMATION SESSIONS ...... 67 7 APPROVAL OF THE UNDERTAKING...... 68
8 SIGNATURE ...... 68
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 4 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Project Component Dimensions...... 15 Table 2: Number of Employees ...... 18 Table 3: Operation Work Shift Description ...... 18 Table 4: Livestock...... 18 Table 5: Potable Water Consumption ...... 18 Table 6: Main Chemical Usage ...... 20 Table 7: Chicken Yield Breakdown...... 20 Table 8: Production Capacity...... 21 Table 9: Wastewater Production...... 22 Table 10: Aboveground Outdoor Storage Tanks...... 23 Table 11: Indoor Storage List...... 24 Table 12: Proposed Concentration at DAF Effluent...... 26 Table 13: Basic SBR Sequence ...... 29 Table 14: Project-related Documents ...... 35 Table 15: Soil Stratigraphy...... 36 Table 16: List of Wells Within 500 m...... 38 Table 17: Madawaska Region Historic Attractions...... 41 Table 18: GHG Emissions Summary...... 45 Table 19: Terms Used in Impact Assessment...... 50 Table 20: Parameters for Terms Used in Impact Assessment ...... 51 Table 21: Summary of Environmental Impacts (Construction Phase) ...... 52 Table 22: Summary of Environmental Impacts (Operation Phase)...... 54 Table 23: Main Publicized Information ...... 63 Table 24: List of Permits, Licences and Authorizations Needed...... 68
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 5 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Site Location Photo ...... 70 Figure 2: Conceptual Drawing ...... 71 Figure 3: External Lighting ...... 72 Figure 4: Site Plan ...... 73 Figure 5: Demographic Map ...... 74 Figure 6: Site Identification Parcels ...... 75 Figure 7: Site Topography ...... 76 Figure 8: Thompson Brook Watershed Protected Area ...... 77 Figure 9: Forest Inventory ...... 78 Figure 10: Set-Back Margins for Sensitive Features ...... 79 Figure 11: Site Drainage Regime ...... 80 Figure 12: Plant Process Schematic ...... 81 Figure 13: Wastewater Path ...... 82 Figure 14: Wastewater Process Schematic ...... 83 Figure 15: Estimated Construction Schedule ...... 84 Figure 16 : Clair's Municipal Zoning Map ...... 85
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 6 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
APPENDICES
Appendix A: Legal Documents
Appendix B: Easement Application Package
Appendix C: Letter from Department of Environment for Wetland Modification
Appendix D: Email Correspondence with Department of Environment
Appendix E: Site Environmental Evaluations
Appendix F: Wastewater Process Design Document
Appendix G: Wetland Delineation Study
Appendix H: Potable Water System Design Document
Appendix I: Geotechnical Study
Appendix J: Atlantic Canada Conservation Data Center Report
Appendix K: Public Consultations
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 7 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
1. THE PROPONENT
Name:
Legal name: Sunnymel Limited Partnership
Limited partners: Olymel L.P. Groupe Westco Inc.
General partner: Sunnymel GP Inc.
Sunnymel GP Inc. shareholders: Olymel L.P. Groupe Westco Inc.
Industry Canada Corporation number: 706238-9
Business number account: 834770224NP0001
Corporate office address: 9 Westco Road, Saint-François-de-Madawaska, NB, E7A 1A5
Chief Executive Officer: Réjean Nadeau (President and Chief Executive Officer) (514)-858-9000 ext 3230
Secretary : Paul Beauchamp (450)771-7060 ext 3420
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 8 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
Contact persons
Corporate Director, Environment: Julie Desroches (EIA authorized signatory) Olymel L.P . Corporate office 2200 Pratte Avenue Saint-Hyacinthe, Qc J2S 4B6 Office phone: (450) 771-7060 ext. 3411 Cell.: (450) 230-0407 Fax.: (450) 771-2136 Email: [email protected]
Environment Project Manager: Jean-Pierre Savage, Eng. (EIA person in charge) Olymel L.P . Corporate office 2200 Pratte Avenue Saint-Hyacinthe, Qc J2S 4B6 Office phone: (450) 771-7060 ext. 3498 Cell.: (450) 230-7637 Fax.: (450) 771-2136 Email: [email protected]
The Board resolution regarding authorized signatories and legal documents are included as Appendix A.
Property Ownership:
Lands owner: Sunnymel GP Inc.
The plant access road will cross a pedestrian path within NB Trails jurisdiction. An easement from NB Crown Lands is therefore required. Since the Saint John River serves as International Boundary, an Apllication Package for submerged Crown lands will be needed for the outfall pipe. See the easement application package form in Appendix B.
Aboriginal Affairs Secretaria had concluded that no Aboriginal consultation is requested for this project.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 9 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
2 THE UNDERTAKING
2.1 PROJECT OVERVIEW
The project involves the construction and operation of a new poultry slaughterhouse in Clair New Brunswick by Sunnymel Limited Partnership . Figure 1 shows the proposed processing facility location.
The proposed facility is intended to hire 200 employees and at full capacity will process approximately 450 000 birds/week on one (1) operating shift/day, 5 days/week and occasionally one (1) additional shift on Saturday. The process wastewater will be treated on site prior to being discharged into the Saint John River , while sanitary wastewater will be transported to existing municipal sewage lagoons.
The present Environmental Impact Assessment is submitted to describe the construction and operational effects of the proposed facility. This document has been prepared in general accordance with the New Brunswick Department of the Environment document “A guide to Environmental Impact Assessment in New Brunswick ” issued in November 2007.
Rationale Sunnymel Limited Partnership is a joint venture between Groupe Westco inc ., the largest company with operations in the poultry business in New Brunswick, which owns among other facilities a hatchery, poultry growing and breeding farms and a distribution network, and Olymel L.P ., a Canadian leader in the slaughtering, processing and distribution of pork and poultry meat, which possesses facilities in Quebec, Ontario and Alberta.
The aim of this project is to take advantage of synergies between producers and processors through vertical integration of livestock and slaughtering. In terms of marketing, these synergies will be expressed via the production of birds in the desired weight strata and the delivery of products in accordance with slaughter dates required by customers and more regular deliveries.
The live birds will be provided mainly by Groupe Westco inc ., and also Volailles Acadia L.P. Groupe Westco. The product marketing will be carried out by Olymel L.P., which already serves various customers with a wide range of fresh and processed chicken products for retail and food service markets. Olymel’s diverse mix of activities reduces vulnerability to companies whose main markets are based on pure convenience and sales of commodities (whole or cut). For its current activities and requirements of customers located throughout Canada, Olymel buys large quantities of eviscerated chickens each week. The Sunnymel partnership will reduce the dependence on third parties by providing a regular supply and delivering products that meet Olymel specifications. Olymel operates three (3) large poultry slaughterhouses in Quebec and will provide the expertise required for the operation of this new complex in New Brunswick.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 10 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
2.2 PROJECT LOCATION
Land parcels The proposed site consists of the following land parcels:
PID 35 341 700; PID 35 328 772; PID 35 341 684.
The Sunnymel site has a total area of 818,500 m 2. The facility will be located on a 250,000 m 2 field on the south-east of the parcel. Figure 6 shows the site with parcel identification numbers.
Facility address 501 Principale Street Clair, NB E7A 2G6
Geographical Coordinates Longitude: -68° 36’ 18’’ Latitude: 47° 15’ 52’’
Figure 5 shows a regional demographic map with the nearest agglomerations.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 11 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
2.3 SITING CONSIDERATIONS
The partnership between Olymel L.P . and Groupe Westco Inc. considered locations for the proposed facility in Clair and St-François-de-Madawaska, both in the northern part of New Brunswick. The major asset of this region is the proximity of bird growing farms; more than 80 farms are located in St-François. The infrastructure had to be capable of accommodating plant requirements and meeting all provincial and municipal environmental regulations.
The specific location in Clair was chosen for the following reasons:
Clair had the underground water capacity to accommodate plant requirements;
The site is located in an industrial zoning area with a large tract of land on the west side that provides separation distance from neighbours, but is close enough to route 161, see Figure 16 for Clair’s Municipal Zoning Map;
Prevailing winds are in the opposite direction to Clair’s village.
Since Clair is located less than 25 km from St-François, all major requirements were met by the proposed site in Clair.
Although no wetland was identified in the proposed region as Provincially Significant Wetland by New Brunswick Wetlands Conservation Policy (July, 2002), a wetland delineation was conducted by Roche Ltd , consulting engineers, Atlantic division. A wetland less than 1 hectare in size was found on the north side of the site of the proposed facility. The wetland was localized and the 30 m set-back margin was identified. Even though there is currently no need to cross this safety margin, a request has already been made to New Brunswick Department of Environment and a letter has been issued allowing development at less than 30 m under the conditions listed in Appendix C. Figure 10 shows the wetland delineation and full details can be found in Appendix G.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 12 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
2.4 PHYSICAL COMPONENTS AND DIMENSIONS OF THE PROJECT
2.4.1 Site Overview The proposed Sunnymel site will include the following components:
Chicken processing facility;
Wastewater treatment plant;
Live bird truck shelters;
Private access road;
Parking for employees and for holding trailers.
The processing facility will be approximately 6,430 m2 in size and will be located on a 250,000 m2 field on the south-east side of a 818,500 m2 parcel of land. The wastewater treatment facility will be located to the north-east of the processing building, and the access road to route 161 will be located on the east side of the processing building. See Figure 1 for site aerial photo and Figures 2 & 3 for conceptual drawing and proposed lighting.
Although the routing of electrical transmission lines has not been finalized, it is anticipated that electrical power will be provided from the south-east side of the proposed facility by NB Power via the existing public distribution network. An underground natural gas pipeline is not available at the proposed location, so light fuel oil will be stored on site for processing facility heating needs. Potable and Fire Protection water will be supplied to the site from a new section of the Clair village distribution network coming from the east side of the facility. No water storage will be used on site. Fire protection will include a fire loop with hydrants to protect the building. Wastewater will exit the site via natural site gravity onward to the Saint John River.
Truck traffic will have a limited impact on the region because the density of bird growing farms near the proposed facility is very high so most of the birds that will be processed at the Sunnymel plant are already being shipped on route 161. The estimated daily truck traffic is as follows: 10 to 15 trucks of live birds and an estimated 6 to 8 truck of combined finish products and services.
Five residential groundwater wells have been found within a 500 m radius of the facility. These wells are shown in Figure 10 with set-back margins for sensitive features.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 13 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
2.4.2 On-site Facilities Process wastewater coming from the proposed facility will be treated on- site.
The process wastewater stages shown in Figure 13 are as follows:
Primary screening for removal of feathers from area wastewater;
Primary screening of production drain wastewater;
Wastewater merge and secondary screening;
Dissolved air flotation (DAF) treatment;
Sludge accumulation for off-site disposal;
Biological treatment with a sequential batch reactor;
Treated water discharge to the Saint John River.
Sanitary wastewater from the facility will not be pre-treated, but discharged directly into the Clair Village sewer system.
Storage tanks will be needed outside the processing facility as follows: 2 aboveground 2,275 L diesel tanks for fuel for reefer unit as well as the shunting trucks, an above ground 60,000 L light fuel oil tank for building heating and water boiler, and a 142,000 L aboveground CO 2 tank. A designated storage area within the facility will be properly designed in order to store chemicals for sanitation, maintenance and wastewater treatment.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 14 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
2.4.3 Dimensions
Table 1 below shows the dimensions of general project components:
Table 1: Project Component Dimensions Sunnymel Property Size units Land length 3,100 m Land width 263 m Access road length 210 m Access road width 10 m
Impervious area Access road area & and other asphalted accesses 10,270 m2 Processing building area 6,430 m2 Waste water building and tank area 1,100 m2 Total impervious area 17,800 m2
Compacted gravel area Truck parking and loading / unloading area 25,600 m2 Car parking area 9,300 m2 Bird shelters area 1,720 m2 Total Compacted gravel area 36,620 m2
Total site utilization 250,000 m2 Total property area 818,500 m2 Used area ratio 33 %
2.5 CONSTRUCTION
The proposed facility construction is expected to begin in spring 2011 and continue for 12 months. A maximum of 40 workers will be on-site during the first 6 months of construction, and a maximum of over 110 workers from summer to fall 2011. An approximate construction schedule is included as Figure 15. The facility processing equipment will be supplied from various locations throughout North America and possibly Europe. Equipment will be shipped to Clair via truck or rail and hauled to the site by truck.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 15 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
Construction contracts will be awarded through invited and voluntarily submitted tenders. It is anticipated that most bidders will be based in New Brunswick and Quebec with the exception of specialized processing equipment. The successful bidder will, in general, be selected on the basis of quality of workmanship, track record on similar projects and price relative to the qualified bidders. The skills required of construction workers will be typical of any facility containing considerable processing equipment and office space, such as carpenters, welders, pipefitters, electricians, sheet metal workers, plumbers, drywall specialists, painters, and labourers.
No wood clearing or grubbing activities or external fill material will be needed prior to final soil levelling. Excavation will be needed at 75 m from a wetland for the wastewater treatment facility. The drainage ditches will be dug out at the beginning of the levelling process in order to protect sensitive features such as the above- mentioned wetland from potential contamination. No foundation pile driving or bedrock blasting is expected on site.
A complete Environmental management plan will be submitted for approval prior to the beginning of construction works.
2.6 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE:
A complete Environmental management plan will be submitted for approval prior to the beginning of the operation phase.
2.6.1 General Process Description
A plant process schematic is shown in Figure 12, which indicates the major steps in the processing.
At the processing plant, the primary raw materials used will be chickens. Under full operation, approximately 90,000 chickens per day will be delivered in approximately 10 trucks. Upon arrival on site, trailers will be parked under bird shelters for climate protection.
Shunting trucks will pick up trailers under the shelters and drive through the unloading dock located inside the building. Cages will be manually unloaded and set down on a conveyor. Empty trailers will be washed and loaded with cleaned cages in the washing area located inside the building.
Birds are manually picked from cages on the unload conveyor to be hung by their hocks on the production chain.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 16 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
The subsequent processing steps are:
Kill area
Analgesia;
Bleeding;
Scalding;
Feathers removal;
Washing;
Head removal;
Hock cutting;
Chain transfer to evisceration area.
Evisceration area
Washing;
Oil gland cutting;
Abdomen opening;
Giblet removal;
Viscera inspection;
Crop removal;
Neck breaking;
Lung cleaning;
Final washing;
Final inspection;
Final trimming;
Neck removal.
Packaging area:
Box forming;
Neck, giblet and trimmings chilling;
Carcass chilling;
Weight sorting and hanging;
Final cutting;
Packaging.
Holding and shipping:
Freezing (if needed);
Holding;
Shipping.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 17 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
2.6.2 Employee and Operation Shift Breakdown
Table 2: Number of Employees Expected Nb of employees Production 150 Maintenance 15 Office 35 Total 200
Table 3: Operation Work Shift Description at start-up Production Maintenance Cleaning Days of the week one 8 hour day one 8 hour day shift + 1 one evening shift shift evening shift Saturday one day shift one 8 hour day shift one evening shift (occasionally) occasionaly Sunday one 8 hour day shift
2.6.3 Inputs
2.6.3.1 Livestock
Table 4: Livestock Bird type Qty per hour Hours per day Days per week Total Broiler chickens 12,000 7.5 5 450,000
2.6.3.2 Potable Water
Table 5: Potable Water Consumption Consumption Metering Water source Utilization (max expected) method Start-up Municipal 2,200 m 3 / day Flowmeter Production, sanitation & employee services Full capacity Municipal 3,300 m 3 / day Flowmeter Production, sanitation & employee services
2.6.3.3 Electricity
NB Power will supply electricity to the proposed facility via the public distribution network available parallel to route 161 on the south-east side of the plant site. Sunnymel will be connected directly to the 12 Kv distribution and will need an estimated 2,400 KW of peak power. The estimated monthly consumption will be 1,000,000 KWh. Backup generators will be used for emergency lighting and critical process only.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 18 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
2.6.3.4 Fuel
Diesel fuel used on the site will be stored in two above-ground 2,275 L tanks mounted on a concrete pad outside of the proposed facility. The first tank will contain standard diesel for filling up the yard shunting truck. The second tank will contain coloured diesel to fill reefer units. To prevent ground spills, each tank will be double walled, have concrete stoppers to prevent collisions and have a limit switch to prevent overfilling. Installation of the diesel tanks will be in accordance with existing regulations.
Light fuel oil is the only other fuel that will be utilized on-site, and it will be stored in a 60,000 L container. To prevent ground spills, the tank will be double walled, will have concrete stoppers to prevent collisions and will be installed in accordance with existing regulations. It is estimated that the proposed facility will use approximately 1,440,000 L of light fuel oil per year.
2.6.3.5 Chemicals
There will be two chemical storage rooms within the proposed facility: one for basic products and one for acid products. In case of an accidental spill, the rooms will be equipped with a chemical product recovery system. The design of the chemical storage rooms will meet provincial requirements. Drainage from the basic room will flow into the equalization tank to be treated by the wastewater system. No drain will be present in the acid room; the room will be built to confine possible spills.
No chemicals will be added in the processing at the proposed facility. The only processes that include chemicals addition are: wastewater treatment, water boiler operation, water cooling system, cleaning and sanitization. A list of the main chemicals that could be used in the proposed facility is presented in Table 6 below:
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 19 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
Table 6: Main Chemical Usage Chemicals Utilization Package Yearly Size Usage Basic sanitation products Challenge Special treatments 205 L 3,500 L Chloragel Foaming soap 1,000 L 12,000 L Colinon Floor cleaning 20 L 500 L Enviro-acid Special treatments 205 L 2,460 L Germac General cleaner 205 L 1,500 L Javex 12% (Chlorine) Chlorinated water 205 L 4,920 L Pulsar CIP (chiller) 205 L 2,460 L Rapidex Floor cleaning 205 L 500 L Shake Cleaner Boot wash 205 L 1,000 L Acid sanitation products Eliminator Special treatments 205 L 540 L Surfan General Cleaner 205 L 590 L Boomerang Special treatments 205 L 246 L Wastewater treatment Ferric sulfate(x2) Coagulation 15,000 L 228,950 L Caustic Soda PH regulator 11,000L 400,000L Polymer Flocculation 25 kg bag 1,925 kg Boiler Sodium Sulfite Hot water production 205 L 615 L Volisolve 42 Hot water production 205 L 410 L BT-12A Hot water production 205 L 410 L Magnatrol 234A Hot water production 205 L 410 L
Chlorine 11,000 L 450,000 L
2.6.4 Outputs
2.6.4.1 Chicken Yield Breakdown & Finished Products
Table 7 below presents the chicken yield breakdown.
Table 7: Chicken Yield Breakdown Breakdown % of Living Average Weight Weight Whole broiler chicken ready for cooking 68.0 % 1564.0 g Heads & hocks 8.0 % 184.0 g Giblets 7.5 % 172.5 g Intestines 6.0 % 138.0g Feathers 5.5 % 126.5 g Blood 3.0 % 69.0 g Others 2.0 % 46.0 g Total live bird 100% 2,300g
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 20 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
Table 8 below presents the production capacity.
Table 8: Production Capacity Type of Product Estimated Daily Daily Max Packaging Types Production Capacity Primary cut chicken 54,000 chickens 90,000 chickens Bulk plastic or carton boxes Whole chicken 36,000 chickens 90,000 chickens Bulk plastic or carton boxes Total 90,000 chickens 90,000 chickens
2.6.4.2 By-products
It is expected that approximately 66 grams (95%) of blood will be collected per chicken while 3 grams (5%) of blood will be lost and sent to the wastewater treatment system. It is therefore expected that 5,900 kg of blood will have to be collected daily. The collected blood will be stored in a tank on a trailer located inside the facility which will be sent to an authorized third party service on a daily basis for rendering.
It is expected that approximately 11,385 kilograms of feathers, 33,120 kilograms of organs and other products will be collected daily and stored in a bin on a trailer located inside the facility, to be sent to an authorized third party service on a daily basis for rendering. As mentioned above, birds that are dead on arrival will be stored and sent to the rendering plant on a daily basis.
2.6.4.3 Wastewater & Sludge
Wastewater generated on-site will be diverted into the sanitary wastewater stream or the process wastewater stream. Sanitary wastewater will be collected from sinks, showers, toilets and boiler area drains to be sent directly to existing municipal sewage lagoons, while process wastewater will be screened inside the processing plant prior to being sent to the equalizing tank. Wastewater will be then pumped to the dissolved air flotation unit (DAF). Pre-treated wastewater batches will be directed by gravity to the sequential batch reactor for final treatment prior to being discharged into the Saint John River.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 21 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
Table 9 below presents the anticipated wastewater production.
Table 9: Wastewater Production Type Estimated Daily Estimated Weekly Units units Discharge Discharge Sanitary 35 m3 180 m3 Process 1800 m3 9,000 m3
Sludge generated from primary and secondary wastewater treatment systems will be accumulated in a storage tank and sent for land application on a daily basis or dewatered and shipped to a composting site. The daily sludge production is estimated at 33 liquid tonnes, for a total of 8,250 liquid tonnes per year.
2.6.4.4 Surface Runoff
Surface runoff will be generated from paved areas, compacted gravel areas, building roofs as well as grassed areas of the property during precipitation events and during spring snow melt. The surface runoff will be collected using drainage ditches and will drain by gravity into the Saint John River. Figure 11 shows the complete drainage regime.
The potential pollutants that may be transported off the property would be typical of other facilities around the Village. Considering that all process wastewater, blood, chemicals, and other potential liquid pollutants will be contained within the facility and within pipes, the potential for surface runoff to become contaminated by these substances is minimized. Furthermore, storage tanks located outside of the facility will be inspected on a regular basis for leaks and damage to ensure that pollutants are not transported off-site by surface runoff.
2.6.4.5 Solid and Other Wastes
General garbage will be divided into two categories: domestic waste and recyclable waste. Domestic waste will be compacted in a compactor located on-site to reduce the volume of material for disposal. 73 tonnes/yr of domestic waste are expected to be disposed in an authorized landfill site. The recyclable waste will include cardboard and paper. It is anticipated that 520 m3/yr of cardboard and 25 tonnes/yr of paper will be collected and recycled.
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The proposed facility is expected to generate approximately 1,200 L of used oils per year. All used oils, solvents and hazardous waste will be eliminated in accordance with provincial regulations.
The Sunnymel plant will use National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) reporting for ammonia refrigerant if used in sufficient quantities in the refrigeration system at the proposed facility, and will comply with all regulations in force. The list of chemicals will be reviewed by Sunnymel periodically in the future to ensure that it remains in compliance with all requirements.
2.6.5 Storage
Table 10 below presents the major aboveground storage tanks.
Table 10: Aboveground Outdoor Storage Tanks Utilization Expected Construction Protection / installation Capacity Type type Standard diesel 2,275 L Metal Double wall, concrete slab, concrete stoppers Coloured diesel 2,275 L Metal Double wall, concrete slab, concrete stoppers Backup generator diesel 950 L Metal Double wall, concrete slab, concrete stoppers Light fuel oil 60,000L Metal Double wall, concrete slab, concrete stoppers
CO 2 142, 000 L Metal Double wall, concrete slab, concrete stoppers Chlorine 11,000 L Plastic Concrete retention pond Wastewater equalization 1,800,000 L Concrete Piezometric leak detection Wastewater SBR 1,340,000 L Concrete Piezometric leak detection
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Table 11 below presents the major indoor storages.
Table 11: Indoor Storage List Utilization Expected Construction Above/Under ground Capacity Type
Ferric sulfate (x2) 15,000 L Plastic Above Caustic soda (x2) 11,000L Plastic Above DAF polymer 2,275 L Plastic Above Sludge polymer 2,275 L Plastic Above Backup generator #2 diesel 950 L Metal Above Chiller chlorinated water 4,000L Metal Above Pre-chilled bloody water 67,000 L Metal Above Chilled bloody water 133,000 L Metal Above Feather sieve 120,000 L Concrete Under Wastewater sieve 150,000 L Concrete Under Condensed water 400 L Metal Above Hydraulic oil #1 5,000 L Metal Above Hydraulic oil #2 5,000 L Metal Above Recycled water 150,000 L Concrete Under
2.6.6 Wastewater Treatment Facility
2.6.6.1 Design Constraints
This section summarizes the main design constraints that have guided the choice of wastewater treatment.
BOD 5, TSS and ammonia The treatment goal of 30 mg BOD 5/ L and TSS is easily achievable with an SBR-type process. The ammonia removal objective requires a design with an adequate sludge age for nitrification in winter when the water is at 13°C. The basins will be designed to provide a sludge age of 25 days in winter and a low loading rate of ammonia (0.03 kg N-NH 3/kg MLVSS/d).
Fecal Coliform The target of 10,000 cfu/100 mL fecal coliform in summer (geometric mean, to be confirmed) should not normally require any additional disinfection steps. According to available data on fecal coliform concentration in the effluent of SBR treating wastewater from pig or chicken slaughterhouses in Quebec, the observed values are below 10,000 cfu/100 mL.
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It is therefore proposed not to install disinfection equipment during construction, but with a commitment from Sunnymel to the New Brunswick Ministry of the Environment to add such equipment if the wastewater quality monitoring after one year of operation shows that the fecal coliform concentration is not acceptable. If disinfection equipment is then required, it can be added into the effluent channel.
Phosphorus The target of 1 mg/L of phosphorus in the treated water can be easily achieved by chemical precipitation, if required. Experience from other slaughterhouses treating their wastewater with the Dissolved Air Flotation- SBR combination shows that it is feasible to reach 0.5 to 0.7 mg P/L in the effluent without the addition of chemical. However, it is recommended to plan the possibility of ferric sulfate dosing in the SBR in order to provide for additional flexibility.
Sludge Management Several options are available for the final disposal of sludge: agricultural spreading, composting or landfill. The sludge processing line will allow maximum flexibility for disposal. It is therefore proposed to either dewater sludge (for landfill or composting) or lime the thickened sludge for agricultural spreading.
The company experience in other slaughterhouses shows that it is possible to use the pre-treatment flotation system to thicken biological sludge, which avoids duplication of equipment. The biological sludge extracted from the SBR will be thickened in the dissolved air flotation system and mixed with the screened process wastewater.
Peak Factors The wastewater processing equipment must be able to treat peak flows and loads of contaminants that may be reasonably anticipated. Some process equipment is only affected by peak flow, others only by the peak load of contaminants. The inclusion of an equalization basin prior to treatment will alleviate much of the fluctuation.
The peak factors applicable to the average concentration of contaminants are presented in Table 12 below. The peak flow factor (after equalization) corresponds to 125% of average flow.
The peak flows and peak concentrations do not necessarily happen on the same day; it is considered that the maximum peak loads correspond to concentration peak factors (i.e., a factor of 2 for BOD 5 and TKN).
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Table 12: Proposed Concentration at DAF Effluent Parameter Proposed Concentration Peak Factor at DAF At DAF Effluent (mg/L) Effluent TSS 106 2.5 Ammonia 60 2.0 TKN 75 2.0
BOD5 245 2.0 COD 469 1.6 Total Phosphorus 1.7 2.0 Total Oil & Grease 29 2.3
2.6.6.2 Description of the Overall Proposed Wastewater Treatment Process
Figure 14 shows the process diagram, and the complete layout of the facility is presented in Appendix F.
The proposed wastewater treatment consists of the following:
Raw sewage pumping well;
Rotary screen at the slaughterhouse;
Equalization basin covered and mixed with a holding capacity of 24 hours in phase 1;
Pre-treatment with dissolved air flotation;
1 sequential biological reactors (SBR) +1 planned for future phases;
An outfall approximately 700 m long to the Saint John River;
Storage basin for thickened sludge;
Equipment for sludge dewatering;
Equipment for thickened sludge liming.
For economical reasons, it is proposed to size the equipment required for the pre-treatment and sludge dewatering (screening and flotation) so they already have the required capacity for future phases.
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2.6.6.3 Preliminary Design of Treatment
In order to allow an additional working shift and future expansion, 3 phases are considered in the design of the wastewater treatment; the only phase that will be constructed for the plant start-up is Phase 1. The 3 phases are:
3 Phase 1 1,800 m / day 3 Phase 2 2,400 m / day 3 Phase 3 3,600 m / day
The technical datasheets of the main elements of the treatment chain are presented in Appendix F. The following sections briefly describe the various elements of the treatment train.
Equalization Basin The basin will equalize the water flow and its composition, which will stabilize the SBR operation and avoid depriving the bacteria of food during weekends. From experience, the minimum flow to feed the SBR during weekend days is about 25% of weekly flow. In Phase 3, the equalization basin must therefore have a capacity of 1,800 m 3 (25% of 3600 m³/d over 2 days). It is proposed that the basin be built with sufficient capacity for phase 3 from the start of the project.
To minimize the need for basins, it is proposed that the equalization basin be placed above to the DAF. The DAF effluent will then flow to the SBR by gravity. Two submersible mixers are to be provided to ensure uniformity of content in the basin and reduce build-up. A configuration with two mixers allows smaller agitators to be installed, and a lower water level is required to keep them in use. Moreover, only one of the two agitators can provide 75% of the capacity of a larger agitator, providing some redundancy in case of failure of one of the mixers and better mixing uniformity.
A floating membrane made of reinforced polypropylene is proposed to cover the equalization basin.
Dissolved air flotation (DAF) The screened wastewater will be pre-treated using dissolved air flotation, before the biological treatment step. The dissolved air flotation will also thicken the biological sludge extracted from the SBR.
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The dissolved air flotation will be sized to receive 125% of the regulated flow of screened wastewater and biological sludge from the final phase (193 m3/h). In phase 1, since there will be only one SBR in operation, the flotation system will be fed intermittently and will only work about 12 hours per weekday and approximately 3 hours per day on weekends.
The pre-treatment system will include a dosage of coagulant (ferric sulfate) and anionic polymer. The coagulant dosage will be based on a pH reading and the polymer dosage on a flowmeter reading.
Two transfer pumps will be provided to feed the flotation system from the equalization basin (one in operation and one on standby). The pumps will be submersible. Their design flow will be 193 m 3/ h.
The pre-treated wastewater from the flotation system will then flow by gravity to the SBR during the “fill” phase. A bypass line will be installed in order to feed the SBR directly from the equalization basin in case of a major problem with the DAF.
The plan calls for recycling a fraction of the effluent flow from the DAF to be used for approved activities by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency. A recycled water pump with a capacity of 75 m3/h will be used to fill a 150 m3 tank of recycled water, in 2 hours.
The sludge from the flotation system will flow by gravity into the sludge basin. The sludge should have a dryness of about 4.5 to 5.0% (solid content).
Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR) The Phase 3 flow will be treated in two SBRs, which will allow for continuous feeding. In Phase 1, only one SBR will be built, since the flow during this phase is half the flow of phase 3. The flow will be treated in four 6-hour batches per day. Starting at Phase 2, the second SBR will be built and will work at about 67% of its design load.
The sequential batch reactors consist of basins of 1,340 m 3 in volume each. Given the available equalization volume, in Phase 3, flows fed to the SBR-1 and SBR-2 will be 900 m3/d on weekends and 3 316 m 3/d during production days. In Phase 1, the flow fed to SBR-1 will be 900 m 3/d during weekends and 1 478 m 3/d during production days.
The SBR operational characteristics for the different phases are summarized in Appendix F.
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A sludge age of 20 days is considered to ensure good ammonia removal by promoting nitrification (see Appendix F for design validation). The water temperature is taken at 29°C in summer and 13°C in winter.
The design has been based on the equalized flow (3 316 m 3/d for Phase 3) and average concentrations for production days. A 2-day peak at 200% of average concentrations of BOD 5 and TKN was simulated to ensure that the system has the desired flexibility to operate properly in both conditions. The concentration of suspended solids in the mixed liquor (MLSS) determined by mass balance is approximately 3000 mg/L (average conditions for phase 3).
Sequence of operation The basic sequence of operation consists of a 6-hour cycle. The duration of each period in the cycle may be adjusted as needed. Table 13 presents the proposed sequence.
Table 13: Basic SBR Sequence Phase Unit Time Static filling (h) 0 Mixed filling (anoxic) (h) 0 Aerated filling (h) 3 Reaction (h) 0.75 Settling (h) 1.0 Supernatant drawing (h) 1.0 Sludge extraction (h) 0.25 TOTAL (h) 6
SBR sizing and sequence validation using GPS-X A preliminary validation of the proposed SBR sequence and sizing was performed using the dynamic simulation software GPS-X engineered by Hydromantis and specifically designed for biological wastewater treatment applications.
The details of the GPS-X simulation are presented in Appendix F. The predicted SBR effluent concentrations are less than 5 mg BOD 5/L and less than 1 mg N-NH 3/L, which is far below the proposed discharge limits, even under peak load conditions.
The sludge production predicted by GPS-X is 400 kg TSS/d (in winter, at average conditions). This production is similar to that determined by mass balance (320 kg TSS/d in winter).
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SBR filling The SBR is filled by gravity from the DAF effluent pipe. The fill rate is controlled by the DAF feed pumps.
The nominal capacity of a single pump is 193 m 3/h, which provides a safety factor of 125% over the average filling rate, thus allowing faster filling, if desired.
Starting at phase 2, two automatic valves will direct the water to one or the other SBR, alternately.
Aeration and mixing Positive displacement blowers will provide air to the fine bubble diffusers installed at the bottom of each reactor. The proposal calls for one blower for each SBR, sized for average conditions (920 scfm). A third blower of equal capacity can be used during peak conditions or to serve as back-up. Starting at Phase 2, 2 blowers and 1 spare blower will be set-up. The nominal blower power is 37.5 kW (50 HP).
Fine-bubble membrane diffusers were selected because of their efficiency, minimizing energy costs associated with aeration. The number of diffusers required for each SBR is estimated at 700. During periods of non-aerated reaction (anoxic), the mixing will be supplied by a submersible mixer.
Extraction of treated water A floating decanter (SwingCanter) for each SBR will discharge the treated water (supernatant) to the outlet. The SwingCanter system is built without mechanical parts, thus preventing the introduction of solids in pipes during periods of mixing and aeration.
An apparatus will be provided to sample treated water from each SBR during the supernatant drawing phase.
Outfall The treated water will be discharged into the St. John River. The instantaneous peak flow at the beginning of the supernatant drawing phase is approximately 200 L/s. The average flow over the supernatant drawing phase is about 150 L/s.
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Sludge extraction Sludge extraction is preferably done with mixing after a settling phase or when the reactor is at its lowest level. Sludge age control is done by withdrawing a daily volume corresponding to the fraction associated with the target sludge age (1/20 volume per day, or 1/80 per cycle for a sludge age of 20 days).
A submersible pump in each SBR will transfer the excess biological sludge to the equalization basin upstream of the DAF or directly into the DAF influent pipe.
2.6.6.4 Chemical Dosing Equipment
Caustic Soda The pre-treated DAF effluent will be weakly acidic with a relatively low total alkalinity content. pH adjustment is required to maintain favourable conditions for biological treatment (6.5 to 8.5).
On the other hand, nitrification consumes alkalinity at a rate of 7.14 mg CaCO 3 per mg NH 3-N nitrified. A deficiency of alkalinity can result in a sudden drop in pH and loss of biomass yield rate. Even if denitrification can recover a portion of the alkalinity at a rate of 3.57 mg CaCO 3 per mg NH 3-N nitrified, the difference must be compensated by adding a solution of caustic soda (NaOH) in the SBR. The alkalinity requirements were calculated for different percentages of denitrification. The denitrification rate should reach at least 25%.
The caustic soda requirements for biological treatment are estimated at about 970 L/d in Phase 3, which would justify the installation of a bulk caustic soda tank. The tank, with a capacity of 11 m 3, should provide autonomy of about 10 days, at average conditions. For Phase 1, caustic soda needs are estimated at about 480 L/d.
Security features due to the presence of a NaOH holding tank will also be provided (retention basin and emergency shower).
In total, four (4) NaOH metering pumps will be provided, three (3) of which are required for Phase 1. Together with NaOH dosing in each SBR, a further possibility to dose NaOH in the equalization basin will also be provided. The metering pump of the BE-1 will serve as a backup pump for the SBRs. A small NaOH metering pump will also be provided for pH adjustment of the sludge prior to dewatering.
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Phosphorus In other chicken processing plants, the residual phosphorus in pre-treated wastewater has been found to be sufficient to support biological growth. Therefore, there is no intention to dose phosphoric acid at Sunnymel. If the phosphorus proves deficient, it will be relatively easy to add the required equipment to dose the phosphoric acid from a portable container.
Ferric Sulfate The plan calls for using ferric sulfate as coagulant for the DAF. Two 15 m3 tanks are anticipated for Phase 1. Refilling frequency is estimated at 20 days in Phase 3. The possibility of dosing ferric sulfate in the SBR will also be provided in order to ensure a concentration of 1 mg/L or less of phosphorus in the effluent. The dosage of coagulant in the SBR also offers the advantage of allowing some improvement in the quality of the effluent in case of poor biomass settling properties. The dosage of ferric sulfate in the SBR will be done over a period no longer than 1 hour per cycle, at the end of the cycle just before the discharge of treated water.
Two ferric sulfate metering pumps with a capacity of 180 L/h are required for the pre-treatment (one in operation and one on standby). An additional metering pump with a capacity of 30 L/h is required for dosing in the SBR.
Polymers An anionic polymer dosage is required prior to flotation to ensure suspended solid flocculation. A semi-automatic system for polymer preparation will be provided. This system includes a mixing tank with a polymer dosing system and wetting cone. A 1,360-liter mixing tank for preparing the solution will be provided, as well as a maturing tank of an equivalent volume.
The addition of cationic polymer is also required for sludge dewatering. A system for polymer preparation will be provided. The average dosage rate is 12 kg/ton (dry weight), based on the experience of other slaughterhouses with sludge centrifugation. The tank volume for polymer preparation is at least 2,800 L. A service /maturing tank of equal volume is also required.
2.6.6.5 Storage and Sludge Treatment
The thickened sludge from the DAF (about 4.5% dryness) will flow by gravity to a concrete storage basin (approximately 115 m 3). The sludge produced by the DAF will include the pre-treatment sludge (approximately 94% of the solids) and the thickened biological sludge (about 6% of the solids).
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Two options are considered for the sludge treatment and disposal:
1. Dewatering by centrifugation to about 35% solids, transport and composting (or landfilling) off-site;
2. Thickened sludge liming and agricultural spreading (with possibly transport to a storage site outside of the plant).
The sludge basin will be covered with a concrete top to reduce potential odours and to provide a basis for a lime silo. Two submersible agitators will be provided to ensure a good sludge mixing.
A hydrated lime silo with a capacity of 36 tonnes will be installed. The silo will be located on the top of the sludge basin. A system for preparation of lime slurry at 10% is proposed, with a 1 000-L tank, a mixer and a metering valve allowing the lime slurry to be dosed into the sludge basin at regular intervals. The lime-slurry preparation system will be located in the technical building.
2.6.6.6 Technical Building
The proposed technical building will be on a single floor with 2 garage doors to move equipment inside and to accommodate the sludge container movements. A mezzanine will give acces to the DAF and the sludge dewatering equipment.
Ventilation equipments will allow an air exchange rate of 3 per hour during normal condition and 6 per hour during alarm condition (on detection of H2S). The building will house an electrical room, an open space with desk, operator interface and storage facilities. A bathroom with shower will also be provided. The building will be connected to a 2-inch diameter water supply pipe. The building sewage (toilet and floor drains) will be sent to the equalization basin. MCC and control panels in the electrical room will be large enough to accommodate the equipment for Phase 3 as early as Phase 1.
2.6.6.7 Outfall pipe in St John River
NATECH Environmental Services Inc. had conducted an outfall design study. Complete details including St John River water quality is available in Appendix F.
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2.7 FUTURE EXTENSIONS
In view of the extent of the investment for the proposed poultry slaughterhouse, in the overall facility design Sunnymel has obviously taken into account the possibility of increasing production levels and/or adding food processing activities in the future. In spite of these considerations, future phases remain hypothetical and are not planned for in the short and mid-term. Therefore, the actual Sunnymel project is designed for 450,000 birds/week rate, but could be stepped up by adding additional working shifts with associated extensions to wastewater treatment processes or by adding specific equipment and enlarging buildings depending on the eventual project, given that major infrastructures have been designed from the outset for eventual extension phases to achieve economies of scale.
2.8 DECOMMISSIONING
The projected lifespan of the proposed facility is over 50 years, with plans to upgrade systems, such as electrical and mechanical, as the facility ages. With this expected lifespan, and in keeping with Sunnymel’s commitment to environmental stewardship, plans for decommissioning of the proposed facility are presently only in the conceptual stages. Once a date for decommissioning has been established, consultation with the proper authorities will help develop an official site decommissioning plan. Part of the main focus of the plan will be to ensure the land is restored to its original usable state. While decommissioning can take several years, it is anticipated that the general steps below will be included within the plan.
Any unused chemicals and hazardous materials will be removed and transported off the site in accordance with the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act (TDGA). The materials will then be recycled for use at other facilities or disposed of properly;
All wastewater from the equalization basin will be processed;
All products will be removed from any tanks and disposed by an autorized company;
Any contaminated materials on-site will undergo mitigation (removed, replaced, remediated) to the satisfaction of provincial environmental officials;
Equipment, tanks, basins, and storage containers will be recycled for use at other facilities or disassembled into sections for parts or proper disposal;
All tanks and basins will be disposed of in a manner that is in accordance with provincial guidelines;
The building will be disassembled with portions recycled, sold or properly disposed of;
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Concrete structures will be torn down with the pieces either recycled or disposed of at a landfill;
All below grade holes will be filled with suitable materials so as to not become a future hazard;
The site surface will be graded to maintain drainage but also allow development of future activities on the site;
Unless deemed inappropriate at the time of decommissioning, the site surface will be covered with topsoil and reseeded to prevent erosion on the site, and to make the site aesthetically pleasing to the public;
Qualified consultants will conduct an environmental site assessment to report on the state of any remaining contamination;
Upon final decommissioning, a detailed decommissioning report will be provided to provincial environmental officials.
2.9 LIST OF PROJECT-RELATED DOCUMENTS
Table 14: Project-related Documents Document name Issued by Availability Municipal well P-08-1 Drilling & operational Mission HGE inc. On request tests report Phase 1 Environment Site Assessment (1/2) Mission HGE inc. Appendix E Phase 1 Environment Site Assessment (2/2) Mission HGE inc. Appendix E Phase 2 Environment Site Assessment (1/2) Mission HGE inc. Appendix E Phase 2 Environment Site Assessment (2/2) Mission HGE inc. Appendix E Pilot Study Fresh Water Supply Roche Ltd, Consulting Group Appendix H Pilot study Wastewater Treatment System Axor Experts-Conseils inc. Appendix F Letter from Department of Environment for Dept. of environment GNB Appendix C Authorization of Wetland Modification Wetland Delineation Report Roche Ltd, Consulting Group Appendix G Geotechnical Study Gemtec Ltd, Consulting Eng. Appendix I Site Topography report Roche Ltd, Consulting Group On request Civil work Roche Ltd, Consulting Group On request Plant Mechanical & Electrical design IME Experts-Conseils On request Architectural works JCS Architecture On request Structural works Jean-Marc Dugré On request Request to Atlantic Canada Conservation Data Appendix J Center Communications with Municipal Authorities On request Communications with Provincial Authorities On request
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3 DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT
3.1 PHYSICAL AND NATURAL FEATURES
3.1.1 Geology
The site is located in the geological zone of Restigouche. The bedrock consists of early Devonian deep water marine clastic sedimentary rocks of the Fortin Group (Temiscouata formation). Land sediments in this sector are composed of basal till and fluvio-glacial deposits.
Table 15 below presents soil stratigraphy from top to bottom. The complete geotechnical study is available in Appendix I.
Table 15: Soil Stratigraphy Soil Type Thickness Variations
Organic soil 0.2 to 4.0 m Gravel & sand silt 0.7 to 4.0 m Sand and gravel deposit 0.3 to 0.9 m Glacial till 1.0 to 4.67 m Bedrock Reached at 1.5 to 5.3 m
The portion of land that will be used for the facility (between power line and pedestrian path) is slightly hilly, there will be a 3 m difference between the highest and the lowest point. The processing facility will be located on the highest point. Figure 7 shows the site topography.
3.1.2 Hydrology
The proposed facility is located 600 m west of the Saint John River. The Saint John River is approximately 673 km long, located principally in New Brunswick but also in and arising from the U.S. state of Maine. It forms part of the Canada – U.S. border in two different places along its length. The river drains an area of approximately 55,000 km 2 of which slightly more than half is located in New Brunswick. Along that portion of the Atlantic shoreline of North America that lies between the St. Lawrence River and the Mississippi River, the Saint John River is the second longest waterway. The approximate discharge to Bay of Fundy at Saint John is 990 m 3/s. No regional flooding plan has been found for the proposed area, but an over 100-year recursive flood reached a level of 155 m above sea level in the region in 2008. The proposed site was not flooded because the level of the lower part of the land is around 160 m.
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The Sunnymel plant will be located 1070 m south-east of the Thompson Brook watershed protected area under the Clean water act (O.C. 2001-488) of New Brunswick regulation 2001-83 . Figure 8 shows the plant location and watershed limits.
No wetland was identified on the proposed site as Provincially Significant Wetland by the New Brunswick Wetlands Conservation Policy (July, 2002) . A wetland delineation was conducted by Roche Ltd, Consulting Group. A wetland less than 1 hectare in size was found on the north side of the proposed facility. The wetland has been localized and the 30 m set-back margin identified. Although there is no need for the moment to cross this safety margin, a request has been made to Department of environment and a letter was issued allowing development at less than 30 m under the conditions listed in Appendix C. Figure 10 shows the wetland delineation and complete details can be found in Appendix G.
The proposed site is located on hilly terrain with slopes (3 to 5.5%) facing east and southeast. Figure 11 shows drainage regime. Currently, surface water drain in two watersheds whose natural outlet pass through culverts located on both sides of the site then discharged into Saint John River.
A ditch will be constructed on the northwest side of the facility along the power line to intercept water from the hill and drain the portion of the parking lot at the rear of the facility. This ditch will be constructed in such a way as to avoid overloading the east basin outlet because it cannot take any additional evacuation. The outlet from west basin offers the needed capacity to discharge the runoff from impervious surfaces (roofs, parking traffic areas and paving), so a ditch will be made for water to be directed towards the western outlet. The access road will be drained using sumps with an outlet on the west watershed.
In order to protect the wetland upstream of the western outlet, the runoff from the new surface will be directly discharged into the ditch that leads to the river by means of a new culvert under the pedestrian path. Oil separators will be installed near fuel and oil tanks in order to avoid potential accidental pollution.
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3.1.3 Hydrogeology
The Clair municipal wells P-04-1, P-06-1 and P-08-1 located in Caron Brook at 3.5 Km from the proposed facility reach the aquifer at between 20 and 25 m of depth. Pumping tests have been conducted by Mission HGE Inc. in order to determine the regional aquifer capacity. The aquifer has been successfully tested for 3.79 m 3/min over 72 hours. The aquifer capacity is confirmed to accommodate the proposed facility’s potable water needs. The complete study is available in Appendix H.
Five residential wells were found on north-east side of the facility. Table 16 presents the distance of the wells from the proposed facility, and Figure 10 shows the location of the wells.
Table 16: List of Wells Within 500 m Civic address Distance Direction 445 Principale 437 m northeast 429 Principale 451 m northeast 421 Principale 460 m northeast 405 Principale 472 m northeast 395 Principale 493 m northeast
Water quality of those wells will be monitored prior to construction in order to quantify potential impacts on underground water.
During drilling for the site geotechnical study, underground water was found in 10 of the 35 drilling locations at an average depth of 6.8 m, indicating that the majority of site underground water might be confined aquifer.
3.1.4 Existing Ambient Air and Noise Level
There is no historic data available on the ambient air and noise site conditions, the current heavy industrial zoning had been active for many years. The truck repair and Long Potato Growers Ltd storage on PID 35328772 have closed due to bankruptcy before been bought by Sunnymel. Sylvite operates Fertilizer Center on PID 35012236. Truck traffic for fertilizers transport is the current source of noise.
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3.1.5 Vegetation
The vegetation on the portion of land needed for the proposed facility is actually non-forest with only few samples of trees with the following distribution: 50% non-commercial hardwood like aspen, 20% white and grey birch, 10% poplar, 10% red maple and 10% softwood. The wild grass is populated with rough goldenrod, raspberry, fireweed and rough alder. Figure 9 shows the Regional Forest Inventory.
The nearest environmentally significant area as identified by the New Brunswick Nature Trust is the Thompson Brook watershed protected area located 1 Km north-west of the proposed facility. Figure 8 shows the Thompson Brook Watershed location.
As per environmental site assessments conducted by Mission HE Inc., no New Brunswick natural resources protected site has been found as regards bird nesting, habitat for species at risk, marsh or other sensitive habitats near the proposed site. Environmental site assessments are available in Appendix E.
3.1.6 Fish in Saint John River
Species that are likely present in the Saint John River near Clair include brook trout, lake trout, white and yellow perch, muskie, chub, dace and other minnow species. Pickerel and sunfish may also be present. None of the species found in this river system are currently listed, or being considered for listing, under the Species At Risk Act.
Fish habitat conditions in the vicinity of the proposed outfall, are typical of this section of the Saint John River. The area is fresh water. Flow conditions and elevations at the time of the survey were higher then normal which limited any detailed assessments. The water velocities ranged from 0.9 to 1.4m/s while water depths varied from and average of 2m in the near shore areas to over 4m in the deeper, thalweig portion of the river. No visible in- stream structures such as boulders and large woody debris were not evident in the location of the proposed outfall, so the exisitng water velocities would limit the presence of most of the common fish species in this portion of the river. During low flow conditions, water velocities were modeled to 0.1m/s near shore and 0.2m/s in the deeper water. These velocoties would be more conducive to the warm-water fish species common to this portion of the river. Neither submergent or emergent aquatic vegetation as potential cover were noted.
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3.1.7 Fauna
According to a report from the Atlantic Canada Conservation Data Centre, wood turtle placed under threatened species by COSEWIC are potentially present within 5 Km of the proposed site. The wood turtle is a medium- sized freshwater turtle that needs water for many of its vital functions. The major threats for this species are road traffic, agricultural machinery, and loss of nesting habitat due to watercourse bank alteration. Pollution of watercourses is one of the lesser threats for this species. No specific action is planned on site regarding the wood turtle because in the purchase process of the portion of land needed for plant operations, all remaining wood had been cut by the previous owner and land had been levelled this means that the potential presence of wood turtles on the future used portion of site in the current conditions is practically null.
The complete list of all species is available in Appendix J.
3.2 CULTURAL FEATURES
Located along the Saint John River and 30 km west of Edmundston, Clair parish covers an area of 125 Km 2. On the south bank of the Saint John River is the U.S. city of Fort Kent. To the west is the parish of St-Francois-de-Madawaska, known for hunting and fishing and a landscape of rich natural and exquisite beauty for amateur photographers. To the north lies the parish of Baker Lake, which is increasingly popular with vacationers and a gateway to the Upper Madawaska for tourists from Quebec. To the east, the parish of Baker Brook has recognized historic importance for its regional role in the Aroostook war in the last century.
In only a few kilometers from the Quebec border with the United States and surrounded by three progressive parishes, Clair can be regarded as the main link in the Haut-Madawaska region. Like other villages in the region, the municipality has developed along the Saint John River. The border town of Clair is an entry point to New Brunswick from the United States.
No archaeological sites have been found on property. See Appendix E for complete details.
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Table 17 below lists the major historic tourism attractions in the Madawaska region:
Table 17: Madawaska Region Historic Attractions Historic attraction City / village Distance from facility Clair Historical Museum Clair 1.3 Km Boutique de Forge Jos B. Michaud St-François 9.6 Km Robert Connors Community Church Connors 24 Km Fortin du P'tit Sault Blockhouse Edmundston 30 Km Madawaska Historical Museum Edmunston 32 Km Cyr Historical House Saint-Basile 35 Km Religious hospitaliers of Saint-Joseph Museum Saint-Basile 37 Km Railroad Interpretation Centre Edmundston 40 Km Antique Automobile Museum St-Jacques 41 Km Grand Falls Museum Grand Falls 93 Km Southern Victoria Historical Museum Perth-Andover 123 Km
3.3 EXISTING LAND USES
The proposed site is composed of land parcels PID 35341700, PID35328772 and PID 35341684 for a total area of 818,500 m2. Figure 6 shows the parcel numbers and existing buildings.
Sunnymel plant will be located on the south-east side of PID 35341700, between Energie NB Power lines and NB trail pedestrian path. This part of PID 35341700 is vacant and was previously used by Long Fertilizer Limited as a general storage area. A Phase 1 environment site assessment was conducted by Mission HGE inc., concluding that two potential impact sources are to be verified:
Fertilizer centre operation since 1966 as the south-east neighbour on PID 35012236;
Storage operations on PID 35341700 (PID 35012095 before 2009) from the fertilizer centre.
In order to address these concerns, a Phase 2 environment site assessment was conducted by Mission HGE inc. The tests results indicated that soil and underground water pollutant concentration is below contamination thresholds, and no further action is suggested.
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The south-east side of land parcel PID 35328772 will be used to accommodate the facility access road to Principale Route 161. This part of PID 35328772 was previously used by Long Potato Growers Limited to operate a truck repair garage and a potato shed. As described in Appendix E, a Phase 1 environment site assessment was conducted by Mission HGE inc. concluding that two potential impact sources are to be verified:
Fertilizer centre operation since 1966 as neighbour and two outdoor fuel tanks on PID 35012236;
Truck repair operation in the garage on PID 35328772.
In order to address these concerns, a Phase 2 environment site assessment was conducted by Mission HGE inc. The tests results indicated that soil and underground water pollutant concentration is below contamination thresholds, and no further action is suggested.
Complete site environmental evaluations are available in Appendix E.
3.4 HISTORIC LAND USES
PID 35341700 Village of Clair (Madawaska) Date Transaction From To Use Sale Joseph R. Levesque Léandre Blanchet Vacant forestry 10/02/1966 Sale Léandre Blanchet Yvon Long Vacant forestry 20/06/2007 Succession Yvon Long André and Patrick Long Vacant forestry 30/09/2009 Sale André and Patrick Long Sunnymel GP inc. Proposed chicken slaughterhouse
PID 35328772 1 of 2 (35314921) Village of Clair (Madawaska) Date Transaction From To Use 30/09/1893 Sale Temiscouata Railway William Long Vacant forestry Co. 14/10/1922 Sale William Long George Lebel Vacant forestry 03/04/1964 Sale George Lebel Fernand Lebel Vacant forestry 21/08/1998 Sale Fernand Lebel Jean-Yves Langevin Vacant forestry 13/09/2004 Sale Jean-Yves Langevin Long Potato Growers Potato shed, Ltd. truck garage 2010 Sale Long Potato Growers Sunnymel GP inc. Proposed chicken Ltd. slaughterhouse
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 42 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
PID 35328772 2 of 2 (35321876) Village of Clair (Madawaska) Date Transaction From To Use 30/09/1893 Sale Temiscouata Railway Co. William Long Vacant forestry 14/10/1922 Sale William Long George Lebel Vacant forestry 03/04/1964 Sale George Lebel Léandre Blanchet Vacant forestry 30/12/1974 Sale Léandre Blanchet Long Fertilizers Ltd. Vacant forestry 29/11/2002 Sale Long Fertilizers Ltd. Long Potato Growers Potato shed & Ltd truck garage 2010 Sale Long Potato Growers Sunnymel GP inc. Proposed chicken Ltd. slaughterhouse
PID 35012236 Village of Clair (Madawaska) south-east neighbour Date Transaction From To Use 12/08/1940 Sale Pius Michaud Liguori & Léonie Long Vacant forestry 06/11/1964 Sale Liguori & Léonie Long Bernard Long Vacant forestry 01/09/1966 Sale Bernard Long Yvon Long Vacant forestry 29/09/1966 Sale Yvon Long Long Fertilizers Ltd Fertilizer center
PID 35012905 Village of Clair (Madawaska) south-west neighbour Date Transaction From To Use 7/07/1926 Sale Annie & Jos P. Long Liguori Long Vacant forestry 06/11/1964 Sale Liguori Long Bernard Long Vacant forestry 09/12/1999 Succession Bernard Long Patrick Long Vacant forestry
3.5 REFERENCES
Edmunston Madawaska Tourism Office, http://www.republiquemadawaska.com
Atlantic Canada Conservation Data Centre, http://www.accdc.com
Fisheries and Ocean Canada, http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca
Forest inventory, New Brunswick department of natural resources and energy, http://www.gnb.ca/0078
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 43 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The following subsections address the various components of the environment, which were assessed to determine the level of impact by the proposed construction and operating activities.
4.1 AIR QUALITY IMPACTS
4.1.1 Greenhouse Gases
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the proposed facility have been estimated using the procedures set out in Environment Canada’s Greenhouse Gas Inventory . The relevant source categories are: stationary fuel combustion and on-site transportation. Wastewater treatment and industrial process will produce a negligible quantity of GHG emissions; CO 2 will be used in the process as food preservative inside final packaging but only fugitive emissions are expected.
The emissions from the proposed facility are summarized in Table 18. The method used to determine the quantities of GHG emissions includes emission factors and engineering estimates based upon the latest available information. To calculate the total CO 2 equivalent, CH 4 emissions are multiplied by 21 and N 2O emissions by 310 to account for their global warming potential.
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Table 18: GHG Emissions Summary
Emission Source Gas Qty. Qty. Emission units Total CO 2 Units Units Factor emission Equiv. Stationary Fuel Combustion
Light fuel oil CO 2 1,440,000 L/year 2.830 g/L 4,075 4,075 Kg/year
Light fuel oil CH 4 1,440,000 L/year 0.006 g/L 9 189 Kg/year
Light fuel oil N2O 1,440,000 L/year 0.031 g/L 45 13,950 Kg/year
Stationary Fuel Combustion Total CO 2e 18,214 Kg/year On-site transportation
Heavy duty diesel CO 2 18,200 L/year 2.73 g/L 50 50 Kg/year vehicle
Heavy duty diesel CH 4 18,200 L/year 0.12 g/L 2 42 Kg/year vehicle
Heavy duty diesel N2O 18,200 L/year 0.08 g/L 2 620 Kg/year vehicle
On-site transportation Total CO 2e 712 Kg/year
Total CO 2e 18,926 Kg/year
4.1.2 Ammonia
There will be no significant sources of ammonia (NH3) emissions at the site. Fugitive emissions from leaks in the refrigeration system are possible sources of NH 3 emissions. However this source is expected to be minimal.
4.1.3 Odours
Odours are expected to be emitted from the wastewater equalization tank . The nearest house is located at 350 m east side of wastewater equalization tank. With the proposed mitigation measures explained in section 5.1.1, the odours are expected to be negligible at a 200 m radius from tank if detected.
Sludge and organ pick-up is expected to emit limited odours over short period of time because it will be done by a tanker once a day.
Fugitive odours may arise from doors being occasionally open at the unloading area of the proposed facility and live bird shelters. However, as in a normal live bird environment, the odours are expected to be minimal.
No other sources of significant odours are expected.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 45 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
4.1.4 Noise
Noise is expected to affect people in the surrounding area and local fauna during both construction and operational phases of the project.
During Construction Construction noises may be expected to arise from the use and arrival of heavy equipment at the site, operation of air hammers and other construction tools, increased traffic and associated construction noises. No foundation piles or bedrock blasting is expected on site.
As per data from Atlantic Canada Conservation Data Centre available in Appendix J, a variety of fauna may be present at the site. Disturbances from noise are likely to have an impact locally on some of these species, although the impacts are of relatively short duration.
During Operation Sound from the proposed facility will be produced by the reefer units on trucks and transportation vehicles, the movement of the vehicles themselves and mechanical equipment such as the evaporative condensers and holding shelter cooling fans. Noise nuisances during the operation phase resulting from trucks are not anticipated to be noticeable above the background noise of the surrounding road system.
The live bird shelters are open air buildings holding only live bird trailers. The sound level inside the shelters created by birds and fans is expected to be around 75 dB (approximately sound level of one truck at 3 m). It is expected that sound made by live bird shelters will not be noticeable at 100 m from shelters.
Sunnymel will mitigate the possible sound impact by containment within the building where possible, and intends to normally operate the plant with all major doors closed. The residual sound level off-site originating from external sources will be minimal, if detectable at all; impacts will be local and of low magnitude.
4.2 GROUNDWATER IMPACTS
During site geotechnical drilling, underground water was found in 10 of the 35 locations at an average depth of 6.8 m. During excavation and backfill activities, water will be pumped and discharged to drainage ditches in order to avoid contamination.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 46 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
4.3 SURFACE WATER IMPACTS
4.3.1 Effluent to Saint John River & Fish
The wastewater treatment SBR effluent discharge flow rate will be 1,800 m 2 per day, with a maximal discharge for future phases of 3,316 m 3/day, discharged 8 times a day for 45 to 60 minutes at a time, which represents an instantaneous flow of 120 to 155 liters/second.
The Saint John River 5-year daily low water flow rate at Fort Kent is 23 m 3/s, which represents a ratio of wastewater flow to river low water flow of 1:150. The median river flow is 132 m 3/s, which represents a ratio of 1:850 in median flow conditions.
In addition to the removal of conventional pollutants (TSS, BOD 5, fecal coliform), the proposed wastewater treatment system will also include nutrient removal (ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus). The treated effluent will meet the criterion for absence of acute toxicity for rainbow trout, fathead minnow and daphnia.
The residual concentration of contaminants after dispersion in the river will be very low and should be well within the criteria of the Canadian Water Quality Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life.
4.3.2 Effects from Runoff
The proposed facility is located 600 m west of the Saint John River. The surface water from the proposed facility will drain through drainage ditches and then discharge into the river.
During construction The potential environmental impacts on surface water during the construction phase include contamination from accidental fuel and chemical spills, sedimentation, construction debris, and local flooding from uncontrolled site runoff. Surface water bodies at risk include drainage ditches, wetlands and the Saint John River.
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During operation The proposed site is designed to provide adequate drainage. Surface runoff from the constructed site will be directed toward drainage ditches and then discharged into the Saint John River. Surface runoff is expected to be consistent in quality with similar industrial sites. Areas of particular concern are the bird shelters area (oil, fuel, bird manure), wastewater treatment facility (wastewater overflow) and product shipping area (fuel, oil).
The bird shelters area will have a negligible effect on runoff because the shelter roofs will limit the effect of rain on bird manure. Fuel spills are unlikely as fuelling for shunting trucks and reefer units will be done by facility staff only. The aboveground tank will be equipped with a limit switch to prevent over fuelling. Fuelling will be done on a concrete pad and the fuel storage tank will be double walled and installed in accordance with local regulations. Only an unforeseen catastrophic failure of a transport truck fuel system would represent a potential impact. Volumes entering the surface runoff are too small to be measured, and therefore impacts from this segment of the operation are considered to be negligible.
Fuel/oil spills from trucks in the product shipping bays may potentially affect site runoff. The potential for impacts from these events is also negligible.
Accidental overflow of the wastewater equalization basin and SBR basin are a potential source of contamination to runoff. The wastewater facility control system is designed to avoid potential tank overflow. The impacts from this operation are considered low because it is only possible in case of a break down.
4.4 SOILS
Fuel or chemical spills to soil are unlikely as refuelling and chemical transfer will be done in designated areas. Only an unforeseen catastrophic failure of a transport truck fuel or chemical system would represent potential impacts.
During construction During construction, impacts on land are expected to be restricted to the portion of the proposed site where levelling and drainage activities will be done. No significant impacts on land beyond the boundaries of the proposed site are anticipated.
During operation The impacts on soils during operation will be examined for the land application of sludges.
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Approximately 8,250 liquid tonnes (5% solid) of sludge will be yearly generated from the wastewater treatment process and will be temporarily stored in a bin. There are then 3 options for disposal:
• Land application; • Composting; • Transport to a landfill.
Currently, land application is the primary option being considered. Preparations for a Land application will be made following the Guidelines for Issuing Certificates of Approval for the Utilization of Wastes as Soil Additives prepared by the Interdepartmental Committee on Waste Application of New Brunswick .
As a backup plan, 3 authorized composting facilities have been found in a 20 km radius, while the nearest approved regional landfill disposal site is COGERNO, located 68 km from site.
All disposal options are regulated by the Environment Act of New Brunswick.
4.5 SUMMARY OF IMPACTS
4.5.1 Method of Evaluation
Brief summaries of the anticipated potential impacts and mitigation measures for the construction and operation phases of the project are presented below in Tables 21 and 22. The potential impacts on specific environmental parameters are described in terms of relative or absolute significance, where possible. Impacts are defined as negligible, low, moderate or high, according to the terms in Table 19. The mitigation measures presented in Tables 21 and 22 are also further explained under the subsections of Section 5. Potential effects would be due to the inputs and outputs during both the construction and operation phases of the project.
Potential effects associated with the construction of the proposed facility were considered from the following sources: building and construction, increased traffic and site preparation/clearing.
Potential effects associated with the operation of the facility were considered from the following sources: plant wastewater facility, residual solids management and delivery/shipping of products. The following assessment will consider the environmental impact categories for each of the potential impact sources.
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For the purposes of this study, the extent of the impacts will be analyzed as to:
• Neighbourhood – 500 m radius from the site; • Local – 1 km radius from the site; • Regional – 3 km radius from the site; • Provincial.
Table 19: Terms Used in Impact Assessment Potential Impact: Classification of the type of impacts anticipated during a specific project phase. Magnitude of Refers to the percentage of population or resource that may be affected Impact: by an impact from activities associated with the construction of the proposed processing plant. Where possible, the population or resource base has been defined in quantitative or ordinal terms (e.g., hectares of soil types, units of habitat). Impact magnitude has been classified as less than (<) 1%, 1 to 10% or greater than (>) 10% of the population, or resource base. If there was insufficient information available to quantify the percent impacted, the change was identified only as an increase or decrease in the population or resource. Where the magnitude of an impact has been defined as <1%, the impact is virtually unmeasurable and represents a non-significant change from background in the population or resource (negligible). An exception to this is in terms of potential human health effects where, for example, deaths due to waterborne disease amounting to 1% of the population would still be considered high. Duration of Impact: Refers to the time it takes a population or resource to recover from the impact. If quantitative information was lacking, duration was identified as short-term (<1 year), moderate term (1 to 10 years) or long term (>10 years). Frequency of Impact: Refers to the number of times an activity occurred over the construction or operation phase and is identified as once, rare, intermittent, or continuous. Direction of Impact: Refers to whether an impact to a population or a resource is considered to have a positive, negative or neutral effect. Scope of Impact: Refers to the geographical area potentially affected by the impact and is rated as local, regional or provincial. Where possible, quantitative estimates of the surface area affected by the impact are provided. Degree of Reversibility: Refers to the extent to which an adverse effect is reversible or irreversible over a 10 year period. Residual Impact: A subjective estimate of the residual impact remaining after mitigation measures are taken to reduce the magnitude and/or the duration of the identified impacts on the environment.
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Table 20: Parameters for Terms Used in Impact Assessment Magnitude of impact Duration of Frequency of Scope of Degree of Impact Impact Impact reversibility Negligible Short term Once Neighbourhood Reversible (< 1 year) Low (<1%) Moderate Rare Local Irreversible (1 to 10 years) Moderate (1 to 10%) Long term Intermittent Regional (>10 years) High (>10%) Continuous Provincial
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4.5.2 During Construction
Table 21: Summary of Environmental Impacts (Construction Phase) Classification of Pollutant or Activity Magnitude Duration/ Frequency of Scope of Impact Mitigation Measures Degrees of Residual Potential of Impact Direction of Impact Reversibility Impact Impact Impact Air Quality GHG emissions from Negligible Short term / Continuous Provincial Vehicles to be well Irreversible Negligible construction vehicle negative during working maintained exhaust hours
Construction vehicle Negligible Short term / Continuous Regional Vehicles to be well Reversible Nil exhaust Negative during working maintained hours Airborne dust and Low Short term / Intermittent Neighbourhood Non-toxic dust control Reversible Nil particles Negative measures if necessary
Equipment and Moderate Short term / Intermittent Neighbourhood Working hours, Reversible Minor construction noise Negative Earth berms annoyance to residents Volatile Organic Low Short term / Intermittent Local Large buffer zone Reversible Nil Compound from Negative around the proposed paint and roofing facility Groundwater Chemical or fuel Negligible Moderate / Rare Local Chemicals and fuel Reversible Nil, clean-up spills on site Negative stored and used in a activities to designated area with remove low permeability contaminants Flooding from Low Short term / Intermittent Neighbourhood Pumping activities to Reversible Nil groundwater during Negative avoid water excavation contamination
Disposal of Low Short term / Intermittent Local Wastes will be Reversible Construction construction wastes Negative gathered and site will be periodically hauled to kept clean a local landfill Surface Water Sediment Low Short term / Intermittent Neighbourhood Erosion and sediment Reversible Minimal accumulation in Negative control best practices. sediments runoff Disturbed areas will expected be re-vegetated Chemical spills to Low Short term / Rare Neighbourhood Chemicals and fuel Reversible Clean-up ditches and Negative stored and used in a activities to wetlands designated area with remove low permeability contaminants
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Classification of Pollutant or Activity Magnitude Duration/ Frequency of Scope of Impact Mitigation Measures Degrees of Residual Potential of Impact Direction of Impact Reversibility Impact Impact Impact Disposal of Low Short term / Intermittent Local Wastes will be Reversible Construction construction wastes Negative gathered and site will be periodically hauled to kept clean the local landfill Disposal of Low Moderate / Intermittent Local Hazardous wastes Reversible Minimal hazardous wastes Negative properly stored, human health and solvents transported and risk disposed of according to regulations Soils Chemical spills on Low Short term / Rare Neighbourhood Chemicals and fuels Reversible Clean-up the site Negative stored and used in a activities to designated area with remove low permeability contaminants Disposal of Low Short term / Intermittent Neighbourhood Wastes will be Reversible Construction construction wastes Negative gathered and site will be periodically hauled to kept clean the local landfill Disposal of Low Moderate / Intermittent Neighbourhood Hazardous wastes Reversible Minimal hazardous wastes Negative properly stored, human health and solvents transported and risk disposed of according to regulations Wildlife Land wildlife quality Negligible Short term / Intermittent Neighbourhood Confining activities to Reversible Minimal Negative the project area habitat reduction
Fish habitat quality Negligible Short term once Local Respect of summer Reversible Minimal period to complete streaming work in Saint John River.
Disturbance of Negligible Short term / Intermittent Neighbourhood Confining activities to Reversible Minimal nesting of Negative the project area habitat migratory birds reduction
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4.5.3 During Operation
Table 22: Summary of Environmental Impacts (Operation Phase) Classification of Pollutant or Activity Magnitude Duration/ Frequency of Scope of Mitigation Measures Degrees of Residual Impact Potential of Impact Direction of Impact Impact Impact Reversibility Impact Air Quality GHG emissions Negligible Long term / Continuous Provincial Modern high efficiency Irreversible Negligible from construction negative equipment vehicle exhaust
Odours from Low Short term / Intermittent Neighbourhood Site location, Reversible Negligible Wastewater negative membrane tank cover noticeable treatment odours Noise Low Short term / Continuous Neighbourhood Surrounding earth Reversible Nil negative berms Airborne dust and Low Short term / Intermittent Neighbourhood Non-toxic dust control Reversible Nil particles negative measures if necessary Groundwater Chemical or fuel Low Short term / Rare Local Secondary Reversible Clean-up spills on site Negative containment, Indoor activities to chemical storage, remove Oil separators near contaminants tanks Wastewater Low Moderate / Rare Local Structural slab design, Reversible Nil, clean-up leakage from facility Negative monitoring program activities to remove contaminants Disposal of Low Moderate / Intermittent Regional Hazardous wastes Reversible Minimal human hazardous wastes & Negative stored, transported and health risk solvents disposed of according to regulations Surface Water Sediment Negligible Moderate / Intermittent Neighbourhood Clean-up activities Reversible Nil accumulation in Negative runoff Oil or fuel Low Short term / Rare Neighbourhood Secondary containers Reversible Negligible oil or Contaminated Negative for fuel and oil fuel runoff separators near tanks contamination Chemical spill to Low Moderate / Rare Local Secondary containment Reversible Clean-up water Negative on storage facility activities to remove contaminants
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Classification of Pollutant or Activity Magnitude Duration/ Frequency of Scope of Mitigation Measures Degrees of Residual Impact Potential of Impact Direction of Impact Impact Impact Reversibility Impact Wastewater facility Low Long term / Continuous Local Daily wastewater Reversible Negligible effluent to the Saint Negative quality monitoring John River activities
Soils Sludge land Negligible Long term / Continuous Regional Follow provincial Reversible Negligible application Positive storage and disposal regulations
Wildlife Fish habitat quality Negligible Long term / Continuous Local Daily wastewater Reversible Negligible Negative quality monitoring activities
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5 SUMMARY OF PROPOSED MITIGATION
5.1 AIR QUALITY
5.1.1 Odours from Wastewater Treatment operation Sunnymel has been sensitive to this issue from the inception of the project. Mitigation measures were included for the control of odours as an integral component to the proposed facility design and operation. Further to this, the proposed site was selected such that the prevailing winds cannot bring the odours to the nearest residential agglomeration located 350 m from wastewater treatment system to minimize the potential for impacts.
The potential source of odours from the wastewater treatment system is the equalization basin. Inside the technical building, the pre-treatment process and sludge dewatering room are also likely to emit potential odours. To restrict odour emissions from the equalization basin, it is proposed as preventive action that it be covered with a floating membrane made of reinforced polypropylene. This type of membrane allows limited air exchange between the basin and the outdoors and restrict odour nuisance in the immediate periphery of the basin. Regarding the technical building, ventilation will be provided with an air exchange rate suitable for protecting workers' health. Experience shows that emissions from ventilation of this type of room are generally dilute, and disperse easily without causing nuisance to the neighbourhood.
These measures are designed to mitigate any impacts due to odours to the extent possible. However, low impacts may still result from this operation. No further mitigations are expected.
Sunnymel has taken all steps possible to reduce odour emissions so that nuisance odours offsite will not exist. Should nuisance odours be reported, Sunnymel will investigate the source and develop a plan to mitigate future occurrences.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 56 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
5.1.2 Noise
During Construction Noise impacts from construction are expected to be minimal for people due to the distance from the residential agglomeration; there are only 5 rural residences on route 161 located in the 500 m radius, as shown on Figure 10. The noise will be attenuated by earth berms and trees located between the facility and the residences, so no further mitigation measures are required.
Construction noise will impact local wildlife, but it is expected to be low and of short duration.
During Operation Noise during the operation phase is expected to be minimal because the majority of the equipment operation and production activities occur indoors, even unloading of live chickens. Some ambient noise will be generated outdoors by truck traffic and cooling tower operation. The live bird shelters are on the north-west side of the building, so no noise impact coming from this area is expected for neighbours.
The refrigerated truck loading bays are on the north-east side. The nearest residence is located 300 m east of truck loading bays. Earth berms will be present on each side of the facility. Berms will be 3 m high on the west side and 4 m on the east side. Trees are also present on the east and south side between facility and residences.
Sunnymel will investigate reported occurrences of noise nuisance attributed to the facility and take appropriate mitigation measures.
5.2 WATER QUALITY
5.2.1 Groundwater
During Construction and Operation To mitigate the potential groundwater impacts related to refuelling spills, a central refuelling area will be constructed on the proposed site in a location with low permeability soils, and oil separators will be installed near fuel tanks. The refuelling area will be located on the east side of the site, and thus far from the wetland on the site.
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In the event of a spill, the spill zone will be quickly contained; contaminated soils will be excavated and hauled to an approved landfill site or hazardous waste treatment facility, depending on the level of contamination. This clean-up would be conducted in accordance with provincial regulations. Lubricants and other petroleum products that will be utilized will also be temporarily stored at a spill protected area.
In general, should chemical or fuel spills occur on the proposed site, immediate isolation and clean-up measures will be undertaken to avoid contamination migration into soil and off-site. This procedure, along with the mitigation and monitoring methods outlined above, will ensure that any potential impacts will be contained on the proposed property and properly handled in accordance with regulations in force.
5.2.2 SURFACE WATER
5.2.2.1 Runoff
During Construction and Operation Surface runoff does have the potential to cause erosion in disturbed areas during and immediately after construction. Potential surface water impacts due to soil erosion transport and accumulation will first be minimized by stockpiling excavated topsoil on the proposed site for future use in levelling and landscaping activities, and by vegetating disturbed areas. Potential impacts will also be diminished through the use of erosion and sediment control best management practices. Silt fences and ditch check dams will be installed as necessary to reduce the risk of sediments traveling off-site during construction. Long term erosion control will be mitigated through re-vegetation and landscaping once construction is completed.
A slight potential exists for fuel and other chemical spills on the site to reach surface water. To mitigate the hazard, chemicals for sanitation, maintenance and wastewater treatment will be stored indoors in designated storage rooms, and diesel fuel tanks will be installed and operated in accordance with regulations in force; oil separators will be installed near fuel tanks. During construction, a refuelling area will be constructed as described in the groundwater mitigation section. Any accidental spills will be investigated and managed in accordance with the Plant’s Spill Response Plan and regulations in force.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 58 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
Although leaks from employee’s vehicles in the parking lot could occur, this represents a low potential groundwater impact. Areas considered high risk for polluting surface waters are located indoors, and all water from these areas will be treated by the Wastewater treatment facility.
5.2.2.2 Sanitary Wastewater
During Construction During the construction phase any domestic sewage generated will be collected in tanks at portable toilet facilities and hauled by a licensed contractor for off-site disposal.
5.2.2.3 Treated Wastewater discharged into the Saint John River
The proposed DAF/SBR wastewater treatment process is recognized as the best available technology to yield maximum efficiency, even in the winter, with regard to organic and ammonia load removal, particularly in the food- processing industry. Sunnymel chose this type of process because it is a proven technology and ensures that a high quality effluent will be discharged into the Saint John River.
Given that Sunnymel will install the best available technology, have it professionally designed by qualified engineers and operate it according to best practices, no further mitigations are expected.
5.2.3 Soils
Any eventual fuel or chemical spills will undergo clean-up in accordance with provincial regulations, in all likelihood by excavation and appropriate contaminated soil disposal. Mitigation by excavation is considered to be highly effective in limiting impacts from hydrocarbons and chemicals on soils. Training and contingency plans will minimize the risk of fuel or chemical spills, so the residual impact is considered to be negligible and no further mitigation measures are required.
During Construction The construction and use of an on-site central refuelling area with low permeability soils will limit contaminant migration and further minimize potential impacts of fuel or chemical spills on soils.
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Topsoil and cover crop will be installed as soon as possible after proposed site development is completed. This measure will alleviate the potential erosion of the proposed site to a significant level either during or after preliminary construction. In the long term, soil erosion will be minimized through site grading and land levelling as well as seeding of runoff ditches.
Topsoil will be salvaged from disturbed areas, stored in stockpiles and used for site landscaping upon completion of construction. The loss of the limited agricultural capability soil will be partially offset by topsoil salvage and re-vegetation. Therefore, the residual impacts are rated low.
During Operation Soils impacts due to sludge spreading programs (if this disposal method is retained) will occur offsite. The total volume is expected to be approximately 8,250 tonnes per year. All spreading operations are subject to New Brunswick regulations, which dictate conditions and limitations to mitigate effects. No further mitigation is expected given that the residual impacts are rated low.
5.3 CONTINGENCY PLANNING
The proposed facility will have numerous contingency plans in place particularly for fire, emergency response and accidental spills. This section of the report describes in detail some of the contingency plans that Sunnymel has developed to ensure an appropriate response to unlikely but potential mishaps.
5.3.1 Process Equipment Malfunction
Although not emergencies from a public viewpoint, chicken processing facility disruptions are generally caused by failure of equipment or power source. To reduce stoppages due to equipment failure, backup replacement parts will be kept onsite for commonly used equipment. In the event of a power source failure, the proposed facility will be equipped with a backup generator for emergency services and protection of information technology systems only.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 60 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
5.3.2 Wastewater Treatment System Malfunction
In case of wastewater system breakdown, all process wastewater can be contained in the equalization basin while parts are replaced. The process wastewater can only be held in the equalization basin until the basin is full; then the facility operations must be shut down. However, all pumps (wastewater feeding pumps, ferric sulfate pumps, polymer pumps, caustic pumps, etc.) will be installed in duplicate to ensure continuous operation in case of primary pump failure.
5.3.3 Fire
During construction and operation, Clair’s Fire Department should be the first to respond to any fire reported at the proposed site. To counteract small fires, dry extinguisher systems will be provided onsite where necessary.
The proposed facility will contain sprinklers where required by National Fire Protection Agency codes. On the site, a fire loop containing hydrants will protect the buildings, and a designated fire access route will be constructed around the building.
5.3.4 Accidental Spills or Release of Hazardous Materials
During construction, spills or release of waste and hazardous materials will first be reported immediately to the Site Engineer. In case of an eventual incident, the Site Engineer will inform Sunnymel Environment Coordinator who will then notify the Maritime Regional office of Environment Canada at phone number 902-426-6030. The Site Engineer and Sunnymel Environment Coordinator will initiate and coordinate clean-up and monitoring of the spill.
In the event of building evacuation, an alarm will sound and all employees not involved with the Sunnymel emergency response team will evacuate to predetermined mustering areas outside the building. In the event of an ammonia leak, the mustering areas will change in order to keep employees upwind of the exhaust source.
All action will be taken in accordance with Environment Canada Environmental Emergency Regulations and the New Brunswick Clean Environment Act.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 61 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
5.3.5 Extreme Rainfall Events
During construction, the disturbed portion of the proposed site will be restricted, and silt fences will be installed to minimize erosion caused by a rainfall event.
During operation, the treated sanitary wastewater will exit the site in a separate sewer line. This sewer line will not be connected to land drainage sewers so as to prevent the occurrence of contamination problems in high rainfall events.
5.3.6 Floodwater Transporting Pollutants
The proposed site does not lie within the flood plain. As a result, no flooding across the proposed site is anticipated to occur except in the form of overland flooding due to spring thaw and exceedingly large rainstorm events.
To prevent floodwaters from transporting pollutants during construction, standard construction procedures will be followed; any fuel spills will be cleaned up immediately, all heavy equipment will be well maintained to prevent any lines from leaking, all waste materials will be stored properly and dealt within in a timely fashion, and there will be no dumping of waste on-site.
To prevent flood impacts during operations, the majority of chemicals will be stored inside the building in chemical storage rooms so as not to be affected by floodwater outside. In addition, outdoor chemical and fuel storage facilities will be equipped with a secondary containment to separate floodwaters from the inner tank.
5.3.7 Shortage of Potable Water
In case of a shortage of potable water from Clair’s water supply, facility operations will shut down if no potable water can be supplied by trucks from a nearby village.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 62 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
6 PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT
6.1 MAIN PUBLICIZED INFORMATION
Table 23: Main Publicized Information
Westco n'a pas l'intention d'abandonner L'Acadie Nouvelle - 05/07/2008 - 357 mots Gilles Duval - Malgré les différents obstacles qui se dressent sur son chemin, le Groupe Westco persiste dans son intention de construire son propre abattoir au Nouveau- Brunswick. Le parcours menant [...]
Westco se montre déterminé SRC Atlantique - 23/09/2008 - 257 mots - Westco cherche une source d'eau potable afin d'alimenter son futur abattoir au Nouveau- Brunswick, un projet auquel s'oppose Nadeau Maple Lodge, propriétaire d'un autre abattoir. Westco se [...]
Le Groupe Westco pourra aller de l'avant avec son nouvel abattoir L'Acadie Nouvelle - 09/06/2009 - 400 mots Duval, Gilles - Le Groupe Westco et son partenaire québécois, Olymel, pourront aller de l'avant et construire un nouvel abattoir [...]
Olymel/Westco peut construire son abattoir de poulets La Terre de chez nous - 11/06/2009 - 316 mots Jean-Charles Gagné - Le consortium Olymel/Groupe Westco peut désormais construire un abattoir de poulets, au Nouveau-Brunswick, au coût de 30 M$, [...]
Olymel-Westco partnership to go ahead with plans to build its own slaughterhouse in New Brunswick Canada NewsWire (English) - 01/09/2009 - 633 mots SAINT-FRANÇOIS-DE-MADAWASKA, QC, Sept. 1 /CNW Telbec/ - Given that Nadeau Maple Lodge has rejected several proposals that would have enabled it to continue processing birds from Westco [...]
Olymel and Westco continue plan to build slaughterhouse in New Brunswick The Canadian Press - 01/09/2009 - 354 mots SAINT-FRANCOIS-DE-MADAWASKA, N.B. - Meat packers Olymel LP and Groupe Westco Inc. say they will go ahead with a long-delayed plan to build a poultry [...]
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 63 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
Olymel et Westco construiront un nouvel abattoir au Nouveau-Brunswick Le Devoir - 02/09/2009 - 338 mots Turcotte, Claude - Après quatre tentatives en vue de former un partenariat avec Maple Lodge, qui contrôle l'abattoir Nadeau au Nouveau-Brunswick, Olymel et Westco, un gros producteur de [...]
Sunnymel (Olymel-Westco) acquiert des terrains pour sa future usine d'abattage de Clair au Nouveau-Brunswick Canada NewsWire (français) - 08/10/2009 - 418 mots St-François de Madawaska, NB, le 8 oct. /CNW Telbec/ - Sunnymel, le partenariat formé par Olymel s.e.c. et Westco, a annoncé aujourd'hui qu' [...]
Sunnymel (Olymel-Westco) signe une convention de reconnaissance avec la section locale 1288P des TUAC du Nouveau-Brunswick pour sa future usine d'abattage de Clair Canada NewsWire (français) - 18/09/2009 - 569 mots FRÉDÉRICTION, le 18 sept. /CNW Telbec/ - Des représentants de Sunnymel (partenariat formé entre Olymel s.e.c. et Westco) et de la Section locale 1288P [...]
Sunnymel (Olymel-Westco) amorce le défrichage des terrains pour sa future usine d'abattage de Clair au Nouveau-Brunswick Canada NewsWire (français) - 18/11/2009 - 384 mots ST-FRANÇOIS-DE-MADAWASKA, NB, le 18 nov. /CNW Telbec/ - Sunnymel, le partenariat formé par Olymel s.e.c. et Westco, a confirmé aujourd'hui que [...]
Labour deal inked for poultry plant . Business Union president hopes former Nadeau Farms workers will get jobs at new Sunnymel facility Telegraph-Journal (NB) - 21/09/2009 - 513 mots TELEGRAPH-JOURNAL - New Brunswick poultry producer Groupe Westco and Quebec meat packer Olymel have signed a labour deal for [...]
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 64 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
[Saint-francois-de-madawaska, N.-b. - Westco et Olymel, les deux entreprises associées dans Sunnymel et qui souhaitent construire leur propre abattoir de poulet au nord-ouest du Nouveau-Brunswick, jugent...] La Presse Canadienne - Le fil radio - 21/01/2010 - 147 mots SAINT-FRANCOIS-DE-MADAWASKA, N.-B. - Westco et Olymel, les deux entreprises associées dans Sunnymel et qui souhaitent construire leur propre abattoir [...]
Sunnymel amorce son opération charme, l’entreprise prévoit construire un nouvel abattoir de 35 millions à Clair L’acadie Nouvelle – 23/12/2010 – 355 mots Duval, Gilles – Clair – Des audiences environnementales concernant le futur abattoir de Sunnymel, dans le village de Clair, se dérouleront au début 2011.[...]
6.2 PUBLIC NOTICE
An information booklet had been distributed in every Clair’s mail box on Decembre 21th. The aim of this booklet is to provide project general information and to announce that information sessions will be held in January. A copy of the booklet is available in Appendix K. An overview is shown below.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 65 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
A public notice had also been distributed in every Clair’s mail box on January 11 th and will be posted in local and regional newspapers. This notice announced registration of the Environment Impact Assesment and specifies the exact date of the information sessions. A copy of the notice is available in appendix K and a previous is shown below.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 66 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
6.3 INFORMATION SESSIONS
Information sessions are scheduled January 21th and 22th this means at the same time as the project registration. Completed detail is available in Appendix K.
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 67 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
7 APPROVAL OF THE UNDERTAKING
Table 24: List of Permits, Licences and Authorizations Needed Document Name Issued by Building permit Madawaska Planning Commission Watercourse and Wetland Alteration (WAWA) Permit Dept. of Environment GNB Fish Habitat Modification permit Fisheries and Ocean Canada Navigable Waters Protection Application (NWPA) Transport Canada Request of Approval Air Quality Regulation – Clean Air Act Dept. of Environment GNB Request of Approval Water Quality Regulation – Clean Dept. of Environment GNB Environment Act Easement Application PackageNB Trail Minister of Natural Resources Easement Application PackageSubmerged Crown Lands Minister of Natural Resources Certificate of Approval for the Utilization of Wastes as Soil Dept. of Environment GNB Additives Petroleum Storage System Approvals Dept. of Environment GNB
8 SIGNATURE
______Date Signature of Environment Director
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 68 Sunnymel Limited Partnership
FIGURES
Industrial Project, Clair, N.B., January 2011 Environmental Impact Assessment 69
Holding Hanging Bleeding Scalding
Blood Feathers Feathers Removal
Protein Holding Dead on (shipped for Heads Washing arrival rendering)
Products Packaging Cut-up and Further Bones, and Shipping Processing Trimming Hocks Heads Removal s
Oil Hocks Cutting Chilling Trimmings Glands
Oil Glands Cutting Washing Carcass Eviscerating
Chilling Giblets Processing Facility Wastewater Treatment Facility To Pretreated Wastewater Tank
DAF Production Truck and Cage Feathers Visceres Water Washing Water Water Water Equalization Tank 2000 m3 SBR
Truck and Cage Visceres Culvert Feathers Culvert Production Washing Culvert Drains
To St-John River
Visceres Removal Feathers Removal Wastewater Rotative Screen Rotative Screen Rotative Screen
From SBR system
Feathers Culvert Pumping Pit Screened Pretreated Wastewater Wastewater Underground Underground Pumping Pit Tank 150 m3 Raw Wastewater Underground Pumping Pit 200 m3 175 m3