Embedding Environmental, Economic and Social Indicators in the Evaluation of the Sustainability of the Municipalities of Galicia (Northwest of Spain)
Journal of Cleaner Production 234 (2019) 27e42 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Cleaner Production journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jclepro Embedding environmental, economic and social indicators in the evaluation of the sustainability of the municipalities of Galicia (northwest of Spain) * Sara Gonzalez-García a, , Manuel Rama a, Antonio Cortes a, Fernando García-Guaita a, Andres Núnez~ b, Lucía Gonzalez Louro b, Maria Teresa Moreira a, Gumersindo Feijoo a a Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain b Galician Federation of Municipalities and Provinces (FEGAMP), Rúa Varsovia, 4C, 15707, Santiago de Compostela, Spain article info abstract Article history: Cities today are dense networks of interchanging investments, information, goods and people, as well as Received 20 February 2019 centers of innovation and knowledge management. In such a complex framework of housing, social and Received in revised form economic interrelationships, cities become large consumers of resources and producers of greenhouse 13 June 2019 gases. Therefore, and in order to preserve resources and guarantee social services and the well-being of Accepted 14 June 2019 citizens, planning and policy actions are required that contribute to achieving sustainable growth. Available online 19 June 2019 Beyond the environmental perspective, a socio-economic analysis is essential to make a comprehensive Handling Editor: Giorgio Besagni sustainability diagnosis of urban and rural systems. This paper presents a methodology for sustainability assessment, based on 38 indicators that include the three pillars of sustainability: social, economic and Keywords: environmental. To carry out this assessment, 64 municipalities out of 313 located in Galicia (Northwest Rural areas Spain) were selected and classified in three categories according to their population size (Medium Size, Sustainability assessment Small Size and Village).
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