The Public Discussion of the 1936 Constitution and the Practice of Soviet Democracy
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Federalism and the Soviet Constitution of 1977: Commonwealth Perspectives
Washington Law Review Volume 55 Number 3 6-1-1980 Federalism and the Soviet Constitution of 1977: Commonwealth Perspectives William C. Hodge Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/wlr Part of the Comparative and Foreign Law Commons Recommended Citation William C. Hodge, Federalism and the Soviet Constitution of 1977: Commonwealth Perspectives, 55 Wash. L. Rev. 505 (1980). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.uw.edu/wlr/vol55/iss3/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at UW Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Washington Law Review by an authorized editor of UW Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FEDERALISM AND THE SOVIET CONSTITUTION OF 1977: COMMONWEALTH PERSPECTIVES William C. Hodge* INTRODUCTION I. LEGAL NORMS AND ARBITRARY POWER IN THE 1977 CONSTITUTION: AN OVERVIEW OF SOVIET CONSTITUTIONALISM .................... 507 A. Soviet Constitutionalismand the Evolution of Socialist Society ....... 507 B. Rhetoric and Ideology .............................. 512 C. The Role of the Communist Party (CPSU) ............... 513 D. IndividualRights ........ .................... 517 II. FEDERALISM .................................... 519 A. The Characteristicsof Federalism................... 520 B. The Model of Soviet Federalism ................... 523 C. The Validity ofSoviet Federalism...... ................... 527 1. Marxist-Leninist Theory ....... ...................... 527 2. The Vocabulary of Soviet -
Stalin's Constitution of the USSR- December 1936
Stalin’s Constitution of the USSR Moscow, USSR December 1936 ARTICLE 1. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is a socialist state of workers and peasants. ARTICLE 2. The Soviets of Working People's Deputies, which grew and attained strength as a result of the overthrow of the landlords and capitalists and the achievement of the dictatorship of the proletariat, constitute the political foundation of the U.S.S.R. ARTICLE 3. In the U.S.S.R. all power belongs to the working people of town and country as represented by the Soviets of Working People's Deputies. ARTICLE 4. The socialist system of economy and the socialist ownership of the means and instruments of production firmly established as a result of the abolition of the capitalist system of economy, the abrogation of private ownership of the means and instruments of production and the abolition of the exploitation of man by man, constitute' the economic foundation of the U.S.S.R. ARTICLE 5. Socialist property in the U.S.S.R. exists either in the form of state property (the possession of the whole people), or in the form of cooperative and collective-farm property (property of a collective farm or property of a cooperative association). ARTICLE 6. The land, its natural deposits, waters, forests, mills, factories, mines, rail, water and air transport, banks, post, telegraph and telephones, large state-organized agricultural enterprises (state farms, machine and tractor stations and the like) as well as municipal enterprises and the bulk of the dwelling houses in the cities and industrial localities, are state property, that is, belong to the whole people. -
Soviet Domestic Politics and Collapse of the Outer Empire, 1989
Soviet Domestic Politics and Collapse of the Outer Empire, 1989 FREDO ARIAS-KING n this article, I explore the role of domestic politics in precluding the inter- I vention of the Soviet army in Eastern Europe in fall 1989. A close look at the USSR’s domestic political situation as early as summer 1989 suggests that there was little, if any, intention on the part of the legislators, government, or even the Communist Party to prop up the fast-disintegrating Communist regimes in the East bloc with force. Rather, there is substantial evidence that a revolution in Eastern Europe would be welcomed in Moscow. To my knowledge, this angle has not been examined in the scholarly literature. Many of the leading authori- ties on the collapse of Eastern Europe fail to connect internal policymaking— particularly relating to the creation of legislative power in the USSR and its con- sequences—to the historic collapse of the Soviet Union’s “outer empire.” I do not argue that Soviet democratization caused the collapse of the East European regimes in 1989, but that it was the main factor that precluded an armed inter- vention to save those regimes. Only one of six major books on the revolutions of 1989, for example, even mentions the USSR Congress of People’s Deputies, and then only in passing.1 They focus instead on the USSR as a unitary player, with a reformer (Gorbachev) at the helm, surrounded by like-minded advisers advocating new political think- ing, who decided to “allow” the East Europeans to go their own way. -
USSR and Lenin/Stalin)
Topic 3: The Rise and Rule of Single-Party States (USSR and Lenin/Stalin) Pipes Chapter 4 Major Theme: Origins and Nature of Authoritarian and Single-Party States Conditions That Produced Single-Party States Economic conditions inspire rebellion and anger in the people: The winter of 1916-1917 is very cold, which means that delivery of food and fuel is delayed, causing shortages. Fuel shortages close factories, leaving thousands of workers without a job. When the temperatures heat up, people go outside and there is a demonstration feb 23. Znamenskii square is the spark that leads to anarchy and the destruction of the government. After the Duma and the Soviet take over, the tsar has no control. Then the duality of the government made it very weak, because they had different objectives and no power to assemble the National Assembly, which led to unhappy people and made Bolshevik overthrow of a disorganized and weak government easy. The fact that the government also destroyed all systems of administration and then did not institute new ones made it powerless. In an effort for a truly democratic government, they failed to represent 80% of the population, and give themselves any real control. There was a focus on breaking down the old regime, but not building a new one. Emergence of Leaders: Aims, Ideology, Support Alexander Shliapnikov: Leading Bolshevik in Petrograd. Will be the first Soviet Commissar of Labor. Says that the “revolution” is based off of hunger and shortages. It will not last. Prince G. E. Lvov: Provisional government chair. Civic activist, who could represent the society. -
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Cultural Experimentation as Regulatory Mechanism in Response to Events of War and Revolution in Russia (1914-1940) Anita Tárnai Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2014 © 2014 Anita Tárnai All rights reserved ABSTRACT Cultural Experimentation as Regulatory Mechanism in Response to Events of War and Revolution in Russia (1914-1940) Anita Tárnai From 1914 to 1940 Russia lived through a series of traumatic events: World War I, the Bolshevik revolution, the Civil War, famine, and the Bolshevik and subsequently Stalinist terror. These events precipitated and facilitated a complete breakdown of the status quo associated with the tsarist regime and led to the emergence and eventual pervasive presence of a culture of violence propagated by the Bolshevik regime. This dissertation explores how the ongoing exposure to trauma impaired ordinary perception and everyday language use, which, in turn, informed literary language use in the writings of Viktor Shklovsky, the prominent Formalist theoretician, and of the avant-garde writer, Daniil Kharms. While trauma studies usually focus on the reconstructive and redeeming features of trauma narratives, I invite readers to explore the structural features of literary language and how these features parallel mechanisms of cognitive processing, established by medical research, that take place in the mind affected by traumatic encounters. Central to my analysis are Shklovsky’s memoir A Sentimental Journey and his early articles on the theory of prose “Art as Device” and “The Relationship between Devices of Plot Construction and General Devices of Style” and Daniil Karms’s theoretical writings on the concepts of “nothingness,” “circle,” and “zero,” and his prose work written in the 1930s. -
State Composers and the Red Courtiers: Music, Ideology, and Politics in the Soviet 1930S
JYVÄSKYLÄ STUDIES IN HUMANITIES 78 Simo Mikkonen State Composers and the Red Courtiers Music, Ideology, and Politics in the Soviet 1930s JYVÄSKYLÄN YLIOPISTO JYVÄSKYLÄ STUDIES IN HUMANITIES 78 Simo Mikkonen State Composers and the Red Courtiers Music, Ideology, and Politics in the Soviet 1930s Esitetään Jyväskylän yliopiston humanistisen tiedekunnan suostumuksella julkisesti tarkastettavaksi yliopiston Villa Ranan Blomstedtin salissa marraskuun 24. päivänä 2007 kello 12. Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by permission of the Faculty of Humanities of the University of Jyväskylä, in the Building Villa Rana, Blomstedt Hall, on November 24, 2007 at 12 o'clock noon. UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ JYVÄSKYLÄ 2007 State Composers and the Red Courtiers Music, Ideology, and Politics in the Soviet 1930s JYVÄSKYLÄ STUDIES IN HUMANITIES 78 Simo Mikkonen State Composers and the Red Courtiers Music, Ideology, and Politics in the Soviet 1930s UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ JYVÄSKYLÄ 2007 Editors Seppo Zetterberg Department of History and Ethnology, University of Jyväskylä Irene Ylönen, Marja-Leena Tynkkynen Publishing Unit, University Library of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Studies in Humanities Editorial Board Editor in Chief Heikki Hanka, Department of Art and Culture Studies, University of Jyväskylä Petri Karonen, Department of History and Ethnology, University of Jyväskylä Matti Rahkonen, Department of Languages, University of Jyväskylä Petri Toiviainen, Department of Music, University of Jyväskylä Minna-Riitta Luukka, Centre for Applied Language Studies, University of Jyväskylä Raimo Salokangas, Department of Communication, University of Jyväskylä URN:ISBN:9789513930158 ISBN 978-951-39-3015-8 (PDF) ISBN 978-951-39-2990-9 (nid.) ISSN 1459-4331 Copyright ©2007 , by University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä University Printing House, Jyväskylä 2007 ABSTRACT Mikkonen, Simo State composers and the red courtiers. -
Bolshevism and National Federalism in Ethiopia DOI: 10.34663/9783945561577-05
Max Planck Research Library for the History and Development of Knowledge Studies 14 John Young: Bolshevism and National Federalism in Ethiopia DOI: 10.34663/9783945561577-05 In: John Markakis, Günther Schlee, and John Young: The Nation State : A Wrong Model for the Horn of Africa Online version at https://www.mprl-series.mpg.de/studies/14/ ISBN 978-3-945561-57-7, DOI 10.34663/9783945561577-00 First published 2021 by Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften, Max Planck Re- search Library for the History and Development of Knowledge under Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 International License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ Printed and distributed by: epubli / neopubli GmbH, Berlin https://www.epubli.de/shop/buch/111400 The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de Chapter 3 Bolshevism and National Federalism in Ethiopia John Young 3.1 Introduction Civil war broke out in Ethiopia on November 4, 2020 when the national army at the be hest of Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed attacked the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF) administered state of Tigray. There were many differences between Abiy and the TPLF, but foremost was the Front’s support of national federalism and the prime minister’s back ing of a return to the centralized administration of past Ethiopian governments. The issue of national federalism has been controversial since it was first introduced by the Ethiopian Peo ple’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) in 1991, but the war encourages the debate to be revisited. -
Toxic Archipelago: Preventing Proliferation from the Former Soviet Chemical and Biological Weapons Complexes
Toxic Archipelago: Preventing Proliferation from the Former Soviet Chemical and Biological Weapons Complexes Amy E. Smithson Report No. 32 December 1999 Copyright©1999 11 Dupont Circle, NW Ninth Floor Washington, DC 20036 phone 202.223.5956 fax 202.238.9604 [email protected] Copyright©1999 by The Henry L. Stimson Center 11 Dupont Circle, NW Ninth Floor Washington, DC 20036 tel 202.223.5956 fax 202.238.9604 email [email protected] Preface and Acknowledgments This report is the second major narrative by the Stimson Center’s Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project on the problems associated with the vast chemical and biological weapons capabilities created by the USSR. An earlier report, Chemical Weapons Disarmament in Russia: Problems and Prospects (October 1995), contained the first public discussion of security shortcomings at Russia’s chemical weapons facilities and the most detailed account publicly available of the top secret chemical weapons development program of Soviet origin, code-named novichok. Toxic Archipelago examines another aspect of the USSR’s weapons of mass destruction legacy, the proliferation problems that stem from the former Soviet chemical and biological weapons complexes. Given the number of institutes and individuals with expertise in chemical and biological weaponry that have been virtually without the financial support of their domestic governments since the beginning of 1992, this report provides an overview of a significant and complex proliferation dilemma and appraises the efforts being made to address it. This topic and other issues of chemical and biological weapons proliferation concern are also covered on the project’s worldwide web page, which can be found at the Chemical and Biological Weapons Nonproliferation Project section of the Stimson web site at: www.stimson.org/. -
The Bolshevil{S and the Chinese Revolution 1919-1927 Chinese Worlds
The Bolshevil{s and the Chinese Revolution 1919-1927 Chinese Worlds Chinese Worlds publishes high-quality scholarship, research monographs, and source collections on Chinese history and society from 1900 into the next century. "Worlds" signals the ethnic, cultural, and political multiformity and regional diversity of China, the cycles of unity and division through which China's modern history has passed, and recent research trends toward regional studies and local issues. It also signals that Chineseness is not contained within territorial borders overseas Chinese communities in all countries and regions are also "Chinese worlds". The editors see them as part of a political, economic, social, and cultural continuum that spans the Chinese mainland, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, South East Asia, and the world. The focus of Chinese Worlds is on modern politics and society and history. It includes both history in its broader sweep and specialist monographs on Chinese politics, anthropology, political economy, sociology, education, and the social science aspects of culture and religions. The Literary Field of New Fourth Artny Twentieth-Century China Communist Resistance along the Edited by Michel Hockx Yangtze and the Huai, 1938-1941 Gregor Benton Chinese Business in Malaysia Accumulation, Ascendance, A Road is Made Accommodation Communism in Shanghai 1920-1927 Edmund Terence Gomez Steve Smith Internal and International Migration The Bolsheviks and the Chinese Chinese Perspectives Revolution 1919-1927 Edited by Frank N Pieke and Hein Mallee -
DEPARTURE CITY CITY DELIVERY Region Terms of Delivery
DEPARTURE Terms of delivery COST OF CITY DELIVERY Region CITY (working days) DELIVERY Moscow VIP - in Yekaterinburg Sverdlovsk 1 845 Moscow VIP - by Kazan Rep. Tatarstan 1 845 Moscow VIP - on Kaliningrad Kaliningrad 1-2 845 Moscow VIP - in Krasnodar Krasnodar region 1 845 Moscow VIP - around Krasnoyarsk (unless in Krasnoyarsk) Krasnoyarsk region 1 1420 Moscow VIP - Moscow Moscow 1 1420 Moscow VIP - in Nizhny Novgorod Nizhny Novgorod 1 845 Moscow VIP - in Novosibirsk Novosibirsk 1 1420 Moscow VIP - for Perm Perm 1 845 Moscow VIP - to Rostov-on-Don Rostov 1 845 Moscow VIP - by Samara Samara 1 845 Moscow VIP - in St. Petersburg Leningrad 1 1420 Moscow VIP - of Ufa Rep. Bashkiria 1 845 Moscow A.Kosmodemyanskogo village (Kaliningrad) Kaliningrad 2-3 550 Moscow Ababurovo (Leninsky district, Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Abaza (Resp. Khakassia) Khakassia 6-7 1645 Moscow Abakan (rep. Khakassia) Khakassia 3-4 1180 Moscow Abbakumova (Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Abdreevo (Ulyanovsk region.) Ulyanovsk 3-4 1300 Moscow Abdullno (Orenburg region). Orenburg 4-5 1060 Moscow Abdulov (Ulyanovsk region.) Ulyanovsk 3-4 1300 Moscow Abinsk (Krasnodar) Krasnodar region 3-6 1300 Moscow Abramovka (Ulyanovsk region.) Ulyanovsk 3-4 1300 Moscow Abramtsevo (Balashikha district, Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Abrau Djurso (Krasnodar) Krasnodar region 3-5 1060 Moscow Avdon (rep. Bashkortostan) Bashkortostan 4 630 Moscow Aviators (Balashikha district, Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Autorange (Moscow region). Moscow 2-3 930 Moscow Agalatovo (Len.oblasti) Leningrad 4 1060 Moscow Ageevka (Orel). Oryol 2-3 930 Moscow Aghidel (rep. -
Agrarian Technologies in Russia in the Late XIX - Early XX Centuries: Traditions and Innovations (Basing on the Materials of Vyatka Province)
ISSN 0798 1015 HOME Revista ESPACIOS ! ÍNDICES ! A LOS AUTORES ! Vol. 38 (Nº 52) Year 2017. Page 32 Agrarian technologies in Russia in the late XIX - early XX centuries: traditions and innovations (basing on the materials of Vyatka province) Tecnologías agrarias en Rusia a finales del siglo XIX-principios del XX: tradiciones e innovaciones (basándose en los materiales de la provincia de Vyatka) Alexey IVANOV 1; Anany IVANOV 2; Alexey OSHAYEV 3; Anatoly SOLOVIEV 4; Aleksander FILONOV 5 Received: 09/10/2017 • Approved: 21/10/2017 Content 1. Introduction 2. Methodology 3. Results 4. Conclusions Bibliographic references ABSTRACT: RESUMEN: Basing on a wide range of published and unpublished Basándose en una amplia gama de fuentes publicadas e sources the article examines the historical experience of inéditas, el artículo examina la experiencia histórica de introducing and disseminating new technologies of la introducción y difusión de nuevas tecnologías de agricultural production in the peasant economy of producción agrícola en la economía campesina de la Vyatka province in the late 19th and early 20th provincia de Vyatka a fines del siglo XIX y principios del centuries when the most important changes took place XX, cuando se produjeron los cambios más importantes in the agriculture of Russia. The most notable en la agricultura de Rusia. El fenómeno más notable phenomenon for the agricultural province was the para la provincia agrícola fue la introducción de una introduction of a multi-field (grass-field) crop rotation in rotación de cultivos -
Constitution
CONSTITUTION • (FUNDAMENTAL LAW) OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS Adopted at the Extraordinary Eighth Congress of Soviets of the U.S.S.R. -December 5, 1936. PRICE: 3d. ; LTP i 342.07023 ; S08K ARTICLE 1: The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics is a socialist, state of workers and peasants. ARTICLE 2: The political foundation of the U.S.S.R. are the Soviets, of Toilers' Deputies, which developed >and grew strong as a result of the overthrow of the power of the landlords and capitalists and the achievement of the dictatorship of the proletariat. ARTICLE 3: All power in the U.S.S.R. belongs to the toilers of town and country as represented by the Soviets of Toilers' Deputies. ARTICLE 4: The economic foundation of the U.S.S.R. is the socialist system of economy and the socialist ownership of the implements and means of production firmly established as a result of the liquidation of the capitalist system of economy, the abolition of private property in the imple- ments and means of production and the abolition of exploitation of man by- man. ARTICLE 5: Socialist property in the U.S.S.R. bears either the form of state property (the possession of the whole people) or the form of co-operative and collective farm property (property of separate collective farms and property of co-operative associations). ARTICLE 6: The land,-.mineral deposits, waters, forests, mills, fac- tories,-mines, railways, water and air transport systems, banks, means of communication, large state-organised agricultural enterprises (state farms, machine and tractor stations and the like) as well as municipal enterprises and the principal dwelling house properties in the cities and industrial localities, are state property, that is, the possession of the whole people.