DOCSLIB.ORG

Developing a Learning Identity: a Narrative Study of Algerian Women EFL Students

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Developing a Learning Identity: a Narrative Study of Algerian Women EFL Students Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy At The University of Northampton 2020 Developing a Learning Identity: A Narrative Study of Algerian Women EFL Students WAFA ZEKRI © Wafa Zekri 26th March 2020 This thesis is copyright material and no quotation from it may be published without acknowledgement. i ACKNOWLEDGMENTS There are a number of people whose support, assistance and encouragement enabled me to produce this piece of work. I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my dissertation supervisors, Dr. Dave Burnapp who provided me with invaluable insight, patience, guidance and valuable feedback in these four years. Many thanks should also be dedicated to my second supervisor and Director of Studies, Dr. Sonya Andermahr, for her guidance and support. Together, the feedback from Dave and Sonya encouraged me to develop my academic rigour. I am lucky to be sponsored by the Algerian Ministry of Higher Education, whom I would thank for their funds of my PhD project. I want to thank the Algerian Consulate for looking after my well-being. I would thank the University of Northampton for supplying a peaceful learning environment. I am glad I have met with people from different countries, we have created a supportive community of researchers during the four years. This project could have not been conducted without the University of Tlemcen, Algeria that gave me access to the English Department. I am also thankful to my former teacher Hadia who helped me to make the first contact with the participants. Special thanks are dedicated to the group of women who volunteered for the fulfilment of this thesis. I also thank all the people who inspired me whilst undertaking this research, the people whom I met in conferences, workshops, and in the virtual world. Moral support and prayers have been particularly needed throughout this study, and for this reason, I would like to thank my mother for her eternal love and encouragement, my late father who celebrated my every success in life and wished me luck at the outset of my doctoral journey. He would be the happiest father today. I am most grateful for my brothers, and sister for motivating me during my difficult moments in this journey. I thank my fiancé for his care and deep love. ii DEDICATION To my beloved mentors, Mustapha Zekri And Khadidja Sadouki Early in my life, they inspired in me a sense of joy for learning, and my successful completion of this work is in a large part due to them. 1 ABSTRACT This research aims to understand how English as a foreign language (EFL) learners develop their learning identities. While there has been interest on second language (L2) Self in immigrant contexts, not much has been investigated in EFL contexts. This research is conducted with a group of ten women who are second year bachelor students in Tlemcen University, Algeria. The students’ learning process: their past, and present learning experiences, and their future imagined identity. This research investigates how they have been influenced by their sociocultural backgrounds, and how the social factors contributed to the development of their learning identities, hence how these factors helped them reshape their EFL learning identity. This thesis discusses the key theoretical perspectives on identity through the sociocultural theory. The literature gives a theoretical understanding of narrative, which informs about the key concepts in language learning: identity, agency, investment and imagined identity. A narrative perspective is merged with a broad meaning of experiential learning, scaffolding, and ‘process writing’ to engage the students in a reflective narrative activity. A narrative approach has been used in two ways: (1) the narrative was used as a methodology, within which a narrative model was designed to assist the students to reflect on their learning experiences in the mentioned periods. (2) Students’ written narratives were collected for data analysis. Focus group discussion is employed as a method to further investigate the themes which emerged from the narratives. My original contribution to the methodology is the applicability of process writing with narrative writing. The results of this research provide insights into the social factors which are presented as ‘mentors’ and ‘marks’. My original contribution to the theory is the representation of ‘mentors’ and ‘marks’ as socio-cultural influencing factors which contributed to the emergence of students’ learning agency in their early learning. This means that agency pre-existed in the past learning experiences, and it is expanded on in the present through language learning. Students’ agency is also discussed as a process of continuity and change. These social factors enable them to develop new self- images. The future is discussed in relation to both the past and the present experiences, and it reveals the students’ ability to imagine their future identities when they will become teachers. Experiences of the past have not constrained the students’ agency, but they have created a salient impact which involved multiple social identities: learning identity, religious identity, language identity, and future imagined/teaching identity. 2 Key words: Agency, social support, self-images, investment, learning identity, and future imagined identity. 3 Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .................................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION ........................................................................................................................................ 1 ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................ 2 CHAPTER 1 ......................................................................................................................................... 12 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 12 1.1. Personal motivation ............................................................................................................................ 13 1.2. The ‘Licence Master Doctorat’ system in Algeria ................................................................................ 14 1.3. Overview of the research methodology .............................................................................................. 15 1.4. Research questions ............................................................................................................................. 17 1.5. Research aim....................................................................................................................................... 17 1.6. Research objectives ............................................................................................................................. 18 1.7. Conceptual frameworks ...................................................................................................................... 18 1.7.1. Gender, learning and identity ........................................................................................................ 18 1.7.2. Sociocultural theory ....................................................................................................................... 20 1.7.3. Narrative writing and reflective learning ....................................................................................... 20 1.7.4. Reflective learning ......................................................................................................................... 23 1.8. Summary of the chapters .................................................................................................................... 23 CHAPTER 2 ......................................................................................................................................... 24 WOMEN’S EDUCATION IN ALGERIA ......................................................................................... 24 2.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 25 2.2. Pre-colonial period .............................................................................................................................. 25 2.3. Women’s education in the colonial period ......................................................................................... 27 2.4. Women in the revolutionary period .................................................................................................... 31 2.4.1. Zohra’s narrative ............................................................................................................................ 32 2.4.2. Agency and learning in Zohra’s narrative ...................................................................................... 35 2.4.3. National identity ............................................................................................................................ 36 2.5. Post-independence.............................................................................................................................. 37 2.5.1. Ahmed Ben Bella (1963-1965) ....................................................................................................... 37 2.5.2. Houari Boumedienne (1965-1978) ...............................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Connecticut Daily Campus Serving Storrs Since 1896
    Connecticut Daily Campus Serving Storrs Since 1896 VOL. LXVII, NO. 20 STORRS, CONNECTICUT THURSDAY, OCTOBER 17, 1963 Students Continue Tutorial Over 500 State Applicants In Hartford North End Last year a group of UConn stu- cational difficulties, the facilities of dents established a tutorial program the Education Library are open to Denied UConn Admission in the north end of the city of him, and members of UConn's Hartford, an area with a reputation School of Education faculty have By IACK CARLSON gret that it was necessary this year 1964 and 1965 are unusually large, for being "culturally deprived", been more than willing to lend their More than 500 resident applicants to refuse admission to the State Uni- taxing the facilities and staff at the whose residents are considered in aid. The original members attended of the University of Connecticut versity to many well-qualified Con- university. The vacancy left by the low economic and educational brack- briefing sessions concerning educa- who met all published requirements necticut applicants because of in- class of 1963 left little room for a ets, and are generally of minority tional and sociological problem; were turned away according to a adequate staff and facilities." large number of new students. groups, predominantly Negro and speakers included Mr. Neville of report given by Provost Albert President Babbidge pointed out Waugh added. Puerto Rican. Its schools are over- the Education Dept. and Dr. Weller Waugh at a Board of Trustees that this marks the first time that The large increase in the number cowded and its teachers over- of the Sociology Dept., as well as meeting yesterday morning.
    [Show full text]
  • Roman Algeria, the Sahara & the M'zab Valley 2022
    Roman Algeria, the Sahara & the M’Zab Valley 2022 13 MAR – 2 APR 2022 Code: 22203 Tour Leaders Tony O’Connor Physical Ratings Explore Ottoman kasbahs, Roman Constantine, Timgad & Djemila, mud-brick trading towns of the Sahara, Moorish Tlemcen, & the secret world of the Berber M'Zab valley. Overview Join archaeologist Tony O'Connor on this fascinating tour which explores Roman Algeria, the Sahara & the M'Zab Valley. Explore the twisting streets, stairs, and alleys of the Ottoman Kasbah of Algiers and enjoy magnificent views across the city from the French colonial Cathedral of Notre-Dame d'Afrique. Wander perfectly preserved streets at the UNESCO World Heritage sites of Roman Djémila and Timgad, empty of visitors and complete with stunning mosaics, full-size temples, triumphal arches, market places, and theatres. At Sétif gaze upon one of the most exquisite mosaics in all of the Roman world – The Triumph of Dionysus. Engage with Numidian Kings at the extraordinary tombs of Medracen and the 'Tomb of the Christian' along with the ambitions of Cleopatra and Mark Antony at their daughter’s former capital of Caesarea/Cherchell. Explore the Roman 'City of Bridges', Constantine, encircled by the dramatic gorge of Wadi Rummel. Wander the atmospheric ruins of the Roman towns of Tipaza and Tiddis: Tipaza overlooks the Mediteranean, while Tiddis perches on a hillside, overlooking the fertile lands of Constantine. Walk the Algerian 'Grand Canyon' at El Ghoufi: a centre of Aures Berber culture, Algerian resistance to French colonial rule, inscriptions left behind by the engineers of Emperor Hadrian himself, and photogenic mud-brick villages clustering along vertiginous rocky ledges.
    [Show full text]
  • RECUEIL DES ACTES ADMINISTRATIFS Edition N° 18 Du 30 Mars 2018
    PREFET DE MEURTHE-ET-MOSELLE RECUEIL DES ACTES ADMINISTRATIFS Edition n° 18 du 30 mars 2018 Les actes dans leur intégralité peuvent être consultés à la préfecture ou auprès des services concernés. Le recueil peut aussi être consulté : sur le site Internet des services de l'État en Meurthe-et-Moselle : www.meurthe-et-moselle.gouv.fr aux guichets d'accueil de la préfecture et des sous-préfectures, pendant deux mois à partir du 30 mars 2018 RECUEIL N° 18 603 30 MARS 2018 S O M M A I R E ARRETES, DECISIONS, CIRCULAIRES...............................................................................................................................................................605 PREFECTURE DE MEURTHE-ET-MOSELLE............................................................................................................................................................................................605 CABINET DU PREFET................................................................................................................................................................................................................................605 DIRECTION DES SECURITES............................................................................................................................................................................................................605 Bureau des polices administratives...................................................................................................................................................................................................605
    [Show full text]
  • Dépôt Du Dossier D'inscription Du 1Oto1tzo21 Au 13T01t2021
    -- -----.:- ,., Dépôt du dossier d'inscription du 1OtO1tZO21 au 13t01t2021 ':t: , iarii",;ii ,= , | (r:r-l Liste des étudiants Sciences de Gestion t: r'i.i..l[ ] , /'^Q) , Nb ,'.sù^/ Nom Prénoms Date Nais. Lieu de nal\$qe ,,/.rü,/ 1, ABBOU _-/)tilv / WALID 27 lO7 l7se8 TIGZIRT 2 ABDERRAHIM ".colyy FAHIMA 23/04/Lss8 BOGHNI 3 ABDERRAHMANI AISSA 12/0s/1,ees AIN EL HAMMAM 4 ABDERRAHMANI MADJID 02/10/2OOO AIN EL HAMMAM 5 ABELLACH E KOUCEILA 04/07 /20oo AIN EL HAMMAM 6 ADDAR KATIA 09/o8/2000 OUAGUENOUN 7 ADJEMOUT LENA 24/02/2OOt AZAZGA 8 AFIR ADEL 27 /07 /1997 DRAA BEN KHEDDA 9 AFLOU AMINA oe/03/tsse AZEFFOUNE 10 AGGAR KAHINA 26/0sltgee ltzl ouzou 11 AGGOUN LILIA 2s/02/1997 AZAZGA 12 AGUENACHE KAHINA 06/os/]-ses AZAZGA 13 AGUENI BILAL 1.6/Ot/1996 TIZIOUZOU 1,4 AHMIM AKLI 78/01/1997 Ain el hammam 15 AICHE MAHDI 23/t0/7s98 TIZI OUZOU 1,6 AID SAMI 7s/02/1998 AZAZGA 17 AIT ADDA MELISSA 1.3/Osl7ee7 AIN EL HAMMAM 18 AIT AIDER MASSINISSA 20/04/79s7 FREHA 19 AIT BOUDJEMA YASMINE 24/11/2000 AZAZGA 20 AIT GHERBI D]AMAL 26/01,/]-eee TIZI-OUZOU 2t AIT GUENISSAID Mohamed-amine Ls/07 /tsss AZAZ3A 22 AIT KHALDOUN KATHIA 27 /Os/1e98 TIZI-OUZOU 23 AIT OUARAB YAMINA 26/0s/2OOO Trztouzou 24 AIT YAHIATENE YACINE 30/12/2000 OUADHIA 25 AIT YAHIATENE YOUCEF t7 /01/2000 BOGHNI 26 AKLI KENZA 17 /1.1,/1,ee4 BOUZZEGUEN 27 AKLI NASRINE 30/08/tee8 OUADHIAS la AKLI OUISSEM Lsh2/19ss BOGHNI 29 AKTOUF ABDELLAH 09/08/1e96 DRAA BEN KHEDDA 30 ALILOUCHE ANIS 29/03/7e98 Ttztouzou 31 ALIOUANE HAKIMA Ls/07 /tses TIZI-GHENIFF 32 ALLALA SULTANA 20/12/1.s99 AIN EL HAMMAM 33 ALLAOUA
    [Show full text]
  • A Modest Rejoinder from a Historian Peter Jones
    Special Issue — Edited by I. Pardo and G. B. Prato Urbanities, Vol. 9 · Supplement 2 · April 2019 On Legitimacy: Multidisciplinary Reflections © 2019 Urbanities A Modest Rejoinder from a Historian Peter Jones (University of Leicester, U.K.) [email protected] It is a pleasure to participate in this debate on legitimacy. I cannot match the range of learning and scholarship that has gone into the fascinating work edited by Italo Pardo and Giuliana B. Prato (2019); and, therefore, I have concentrated on Giuliana Prato’s illuminating chapter ‘On the Legitimacy of Democratic Representation: Two case studies from Europe’ (2019), which takes a ‘turning point’ in European history: the post-1989 collapse of the Soviet Union and its client state empire in Eastern Europe. The collapse represented a crisis of legitimacy not only of the Soviet Empire as a political entity but also a crisis for the revolutionary ideology of Marxism and the various Communist Parties of Western Europe and, especially, in Italy. We are probably familiar with Francis Fukuyama’s, The End of History and the Last Man (1992) which suggested that the fall of the Berlin Wall marked a final stage in the evolution of liberal democracy and the ‘end point of mankind’s [sic] ideological evolution’ (see also Fukuyama (1989). Such optimism now seems hollow as even Western European states struggle to eliminate corruption and electorates have in some states turned to populist-nationalist political programmes. In this sense, however, Giuliana Prato’s fieldwork illustrates that the processes of change are more complex and drawn-out than the political headlines of the journalist and even sometimes of historians and political scientists.
    [Show full text]
  • 19 Dhou El Kaada 1434 JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE ALGERIENNE N° 47 25 Septembre 2013 13
    19 Dhou El Kaada 1434 JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE ALGERIENNE N° 47 25 septembre 2013 13 Ressort territorial de la conservation Wilaya Designation de la conservation Daira Commune TIZI OUZOU Tizi-Ouzou Tizi-Ouzou Beni Douala Beni Douala, Beni Zmenzer, Ait Mahmoud, Beni Aissi OUAGUENOUN Ouaguenoun Ouaguenoun, Aït Aissa Mimoun, Timizart Makouda Makouda, Boudjima AZZAZGA Azzazga Azzazga, Ifigha, Yakourene, Freha, Zekri Bouzeguene Bouzeguene, Idjeur, Beni Zeki,Illoula Oumalou Mekla Mekla, Souamaâ, Ait Khelili LARBAA Larbaâ Nath Iraten Larbaâ Nath Iraten, Ait Agouacha, Irdjen NATH IRATEN Tizi Rached Tizi Rached, Ait Oumalou TIZI Iferhounene Iferhounene, Illilten, Imsouhal OUZOU Aïn Hammam Aïn Hammam, Ait yahia, Abi Youcef, Akbil DRAA EL MIZAN Draâ El Mizan Draâ El Mizan, Frikat, Ain Zaouia, Ait Yahia Moussa Tizi Ghenif Tizi Ghenif, M'kira BOGHNI Boghni Boghni, Mechtras, Bounouh, Assi Youcef Ouadhia Ouadhia, Aghni Goughrane, Aït Bouadou, Tizi N'talata OUACIF Ouacif Ouacif, Ait Boumahdi, Aït Toudert Beni Yenni Beni Yenni, Yatafene, Iboudrarene TIGZIRT Tigzirt Tigzirt, Iflissen, Mizrana Azzefoun Azzefoun, Akerrou, Aït Chaffa, Aghribs DRAA BEN Draâ Ben Khedda Draâ Ben Khedda, Tirmitine, Sidi Naâmane, Tadmait KHEDDA Maâtkas Maâtkas, Souk El Tenine ALGER CENTRE Sidi M'hamed Alger centre SIDI M’HAMED Sidi M'hamed Sidi M'hamed, El Madania, El Mouradia HUSSEIN DEY Hussein Dey Hussein Dey, Kouba, Maquaria, Mohamed Belouizdad BAB EL OUED Bab El Oued Bab El Oued, Bologhine Ibnou Ziri, Oued Koriche, Rais Hamidou, Casbah BIR MOURAD RAIS Bir Mourad Rais
    [Show full text]
  • Muslims in Spain, 1492–​1814 Mediterranean Reconfigurations Intercultural Trade, Commercial Litigation, and Legal Pluralism
    Muslims in Spain, 1492– 1814 Mediterranean Reconfigurations Intercultural Trade, Commercial Litigation, and Legal Pluralism Series Editors Wolfgang Kaiser (Université Paris I, Panthéon- Sorbonne) Guillaume Calafat (Université Paris I, Panthéon- Sorbonne) volume 3 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/ cmed Muslims in Spain, 1492– 1814 Living and Negotiating in the Land of the Infidel By Eloy Martín Corrales Translated by Consuelo López- Morillas LEIDEN | BOSTON This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. Further information and the complete license text can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ The terms of the CC license apply only to the original material. The use of material from other sources (indicated by a reference) such as diagrams, illustrations, photos and text samples may require further permission from the respective copyright holder. Cover illustration: “El embajador de Marruecos” (Catalog Number: G002789) Museo del Prado. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Martín Corrales, E. (Eloy), author. | Lopez-Morillas, Consuelo, translator. Title: Muslims in Spain, 1492-1814 : living and negotiating in the land of the infidel / by Eloy Martín-Corrales ; translated by Consuelo López-Morillas. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, [2021] | Series: Mediterranean reconfigurations ; volume 3 | Original title unknown. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2020046144 (print) | LCCN 2020046145 (ebook) | ISBN 9789004381476 (hardback) | ISBN 9789004443761 (ebook) Subjects: LCSH: Muslims—Spain—History. | Spain—Ethnic relations—History.
    [Show full text]
  • Liste Communes Dairas De La Wilaya De TIZI-OUZOU
    Liste Communes dairas de la wilaya de TIZI-OUZOU Wilaya Code dairas Dairas Code communes Communes TIZI-OUZOU 1502 AIN EL HAMMAM 1531 ABI-YOUCEF TIZI-OUZOU 1502 AIN EL HAMMAM 1502 AIN-EL-HAMMAM TIZI-OUZOU 1502 AIN EL HAMMAM 1527 AIT-YAHIA TIZI-OUZOU 1502 AIN EL HAMMAM 1503 AKBIL TIZI-OUZOU 1518 AZAZGA 1518 AZAZGA TIZI-OUZOU 1518 AZAZGA 1504 FREHA TIZI-OUZOU 1518 AZAZGA 1541 IFIGHA TIZI-OUZOU 1518 AZAZGA 1520 YAKOURENE TIZI-OUZOU 1518 AZAZGA 1523 ZEKRI TIZI-OUZOU 1537 AZEFFOUN 1553 AGHRIBS TIZI-OUZOU 1537 AZEFFOUN 1513 AIT-CHAFAA TIZI-OUZOU 1537 AZEFFOUN 1544 AKERROU TIZI-OUZOU 1537 AZEFFOUN 1537 AZEFFOUN TIZI-OUZOU 1532 BENI DOUALA 1528 AIT-MAHMOUD TIZI-OUZOU 1532 BENI DOUALA 1516 BENI ZMENZER TIZI-OUZOU 1532 BENI DOUALA 1515 BENI-AISSI TIZI-OUZOU 1532 BENI DOUALA 1532 BENI-DOUALA TIZI-OUZOU 1552 BENNI YENNI 1552 BENI-YENNI TIZI-OUZOU 1552 BENNI YENNI 1560 IBOUDRARENE TIZI-OUZOU 1552 BENNI YENNI 1545 YATAFENE TIZI-OUZOU 1540 BOGHNI 1566 ASSI-YOUCEF TIZI-OUZOU 1540 BOGHNI 1540 BOGHNI TIZI-OUZOU 1540 BOGHNI 1512 BOUNOUH TIZI-OUZOU 1540 BOGHNI 1506 MECHTRAS TIZI-OUZOU 1534 BOUZEGUENE 1546 BENI-ZIKKI TIZI-OUZOU 1534 BOUZEGUENE 1534 BOUZEGUENE TIZI-OUZOU 1534 BOUZEGUENE 1549 IDJEUR TIZI-OUZOU 1534 BOUZEGUENE 1519 ILLOULA OUMALOU TIZI-OUZOU 1547 DRAA BEN KHEDDA 1547 DRAA-BEN-KHEDDA TIZI-OUZOU 1547 DRAA BEN KHEDDA 1559 SIDI NAMANE TIZI-OUZOU 1547 DRAA BEN KHEDDA 1564 TADMAIT TIZI-OUZOU 1547 DRAA BEN KHEDDA 1543 TIRMITINE TIZI-OUZOU 1510 DRAA EL MIZAN 1525 AIN-ZAOUIA TIZI-OUZOU 1510 DRAA EL MIZAN 1556 AIT YAHIA MOUSSA TIZI-OUZOU 1510 DRAA EL MIZAN
    [Show full text]
  • GET.44.03.06.Sahar Der.OK
    Geo-Eco-Trop., 2020, 44, 3 : 427-442 Etude des grands feux de forêts en Algérie : Cas de la wilaya de Tizi Ouzou Study of large forest fires in Algeria : Case of the province of Tizi Ouzou Ouahiba SAHAR1*, Hayet HAMEL1 & Rachid MEDDOUR1 Abstract : Each year, Algeria experiences a significant number of forest fires, an average of 1,500 fires that cover 35,000 ha annually. However the number of large fires (≥100 ha ) increases from year to year. Some provinces experience a periodicity of these catastrophic fires which generate significant losses in human and material means. Among them, the province of Tizi Ouzou which over 32 years (1986-2017), experienced 145 large fires (or 2.59% of the total) which covered 47,942 ha (48.45% of the total). Catastrophic fires (≥ 500 ha) represent 0.43% (24 fires) but they covered 23,372 ha, or 23.72% of the total. In terms of time, the results show that the month with the highest number of fires and the largest area burned is August. In spatial terms, the dairas most affected are that of Azeffoun (12,500 ha) and Azazga (12,000 ha). These large fires most often pass through the national forests forming maquis. It is the latter gaining momentum by the influence of several factors including climatic conditions, lack of human and material staff, lack of supervision and prevention strategy which makes the active fight more difficult and less effective. Key words : Spatiotemporal analysis, fire assessment, large fires, Tizi Ouzou, Algeria. Résumé : Chaque année, l’Algérie connaît un nombre important des incendies de forêt soit une moyenne de 1.500 feux qui parcourent annuellement 35.000 ha.
    [Show full text]
  • Neil Macmaster
    1 Inside the FLN NEIL MACMASTER 2 Inside the FLN: the Paris massacre and the French Intelligence Service Neil MacMaster March 2013. The moral right of the author has been asserted. The author welcomes any e-mail comment: <[email protected]> Cover photograph: Mohamed Zouaoui. 3 Contents Introduction 4 1 “Operation Flore” and the arrest of Mohamed Zouaoui 10 2 The Zouaoui network: the role of the Contrôleurs 21 3 The European Support Network, Renault, and FLN Propaganda 33 4 The Problem of Violence and the Federation U-Turn 43 5 Assassination of police officers and the Federation crisis 54 6 At the grass-roots: Mohammed Ghafir and Amala 12 (13th Arrondissement) 66 7 Planning the demonstrations of 17-20 October 84 8 Abderrahmane Farès and the financial network 98 9 After the massacre: the impact of the crisis on the FLN 108 Conclusion 123 Jean-Luc Einaudi and the Sacralisation of Mohammedi Saddek: An Essay 127 Appendix 1 Who was Mohammedi Saddek? 132 Appendix 2 La guerre des chiffres: how many Algerians died? 140 Short bibliography of publications, 2006-2013 145 Note on the author 147 4 INTRODUCTION By 2006, when I and Jim House published Paris 1961. Algerians, State Terror, and Memory, a number of books, by Jean-Luc Einaudi, Jean-Paul Brunet, Alain Dewerpe, Linda Amiri, Rémy Valat, and others, meant that the main features of the Paris massacre and the demonstration of 17 October were quite well understood.1 Political controversy has continued to rage, mainly in relation to the contested issue of the numbers of Algerians that were killed, but in general the bulk of the publications that have appeared since Paris 1961 have had to do with the cultural, artistic and memorial aspects of the events, rather than with further research into primary archival sources.2 This shift from the further excavation of archives, to differing interpretations of cultural and political meanings, was exemplified by the debates surrounding Michael Haneke’s film Caché,3 and the commemoration of the 50th anniversary in October 2011.
    [Show full text]
  • August 17, 1964 Record of Conversation from Chairman Mao's
    Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified August 17, 1964 Record of Conversation from Chairman Mao’s Reception of the Algerian Ambassador to China Mohamed Yala Citation: “Record of Conversation from Chairman Mao’s Reception of the Algerian Ambassador to China Mohamed Yala,” August 17, 1964, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, PRC FMA 107- 01043-08. Translated by David Cowhig. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/118026 Summary: List of Mao and Yala's main points of discussion, including successful party building, battling imperialism, and suppressing counter-revolutions, as well as record of their conversation regarding the state of Algeria's foreign relations with Vietnam, the US, and others. Credits: This document was made possible with support from the Henry Luce Foundation. Original Language: Chinese Contents: English Translation Ministry of Foreign Affairs Document Record of Conversation from Chairman Mao’s Reception of the Algerian Ambassador to China Mohamed Yala (Not reviewed by the chairman) Time: August 17, 1964 afternoon Location: Beidaihe Attendance: Vice Minister Qiao Guanhua, Vice Minister Ma Zhenwu Interpreter: Huang Qi Notetaker: Li Tengzhi Chairman Mao's Main Points: 1. Imperialism is a paper tiger. The enemy has more troops and better equipment. The people's army is smaller and has poor equipment but it can nonetheless overcome difficulties and defeat the enemy. Don't be afraid to lose a lot of people, the population will grow rapidly after liberation. 2. Two intermediate zones. 3. Strive to win the moderate faction and suppress counter-revolution. 4. Knowledge: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs can organize visits with friendly and Foreign Affairs can organize tours for the envoys of friendly foreign nations, not necessarily together with other envoys.
    [Show full text]
  • 4.5 Algeria Airport Company Contact List
    4.5 Algeria Airport Company Contact List Airport Company Physical Address Email Phone Fax Description of Website Number Number Services (office) ALGIERS - Houari EGSA Alger Aéroport Houari Boumediene, Alger N/A 021 50 91 91 / 021 50 94 Public company www.egsa.dz Boumediene 021 50 91 00 72 managing the airports ALGIERS - Houari ENNA BP 73, Route des Dunes, Chéraga, Alger N/A +213 21 38 33 70 +213 21 38 National fuel www.naftal. Boumediene 19 19 company dz ALGIERS - Houari NAFTAL 1 Avenue de l’Indépendence - BP 383 – [email protected] / +(213) +213 21 38 Civil aviation agency enna.dz Boumediene Alger [email protected] 23 51 53 69 / 19 19 23 51 53 70 ORAN – Ahmed Ben Bella EGSA Oran EGSA Oran , Rond point de l'aéroport direction. +213 41 59 10 31 +213 41 Public company www. Es-Sénia Oran 31 000 , Algérie generale@egsaoran. to 40 59 10 77 managing the egsaoran. com airports com ADRAR - Touat-Cheikh Sidi EGSA Oran EGSA Oran , Rond point de l'aéroport direction. +213 41 59 10 31 +213 41 Public company www. Mohamed Belkebir Es-Sénia Oran 31 000 , Algérie generale@egsaoran. to 40 59 10 77 managing the egsaoran. com airports com ANNABA - Rabah Bitat EGSA Aéroport Mohamed Boudiaf, BP 582 RP, N/A +213 31 81 01 14 +213 31 81 Public company www.egsa- Constantine Constantine 25000, Algérie 00 01 managing the constantine. airports dz BEJAIA / Abane Ramdane EGSA Alger Aéroport Houari Boumediene, Alger N/A 021 50 91 91 / 021 50 94 Public company www.egsa.dz 021 50 91 00 72 managing the airports CONSTANTINE / Mohamed EGSA Aéroport Mohamed Boudiaf, BP 582 RP, N/A +213 31 81 01 14 +213 31 81 Public company www.egsa- Boudiaf Constantine Constantine 25000, Algérie 00 01 managing the constantine.
    [Show full text]