DOCSLIB.ORG

Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual Report 2019

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual Report 2019 CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ANNUAL REPORT 2019 ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION NOVEMBER 18, 2019 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available via the World Wide Web: https://www.cecc.gov VerDate Nov 24 2008 13:38 Nov 18, 2019 Jkt 036743 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6011 Sfmt 5011 G:\ANNUAL REPORT\ANNUAL REPORT 2019\2019 AR GPO FILES\FRONTMATTER.TXT 2019 ANNUAL REPORT VerDate Nov 24 2008 13:38 Nov 18, 2019 Jkt 036743 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6019 Sfmt 6019 G:\ANNUAL REPORT\ANNUAL REPORT 2019\2019 AR GPO FILES\FRONTMATTER.TXT CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ANNUAL REPORT 2019 ONE HUNDRED SIXTEENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION NOVEMBER 18, 2019 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available via the World Wide Web: https://www.cecc.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 36–743 PDF WASHINGTON : 2019 VerDate Nov 24 2008 13:38 Nov 18, 2019 Jkt 036743 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 G:\ANNUAL REPORT\ANNUAL REPORT 2019\2019 AR GPO FILES\FRONTMATTER.TXT CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS House Senate JAMES P. MCGOVERN, Massachusetts, MARCO RUBIO, Florida, Co-chair Chair JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma MARCY KAPTUR, Ohio TOM COTTON, Arkansas THOMAS SUOZZI, New York STEVE DAINES, Montana TOM MALINOWSKI, New Jersey TODD YOUNG, Indiana BEN MCADAMS, Utah DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California CHRISTOPHER SMITH, New Jersey JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon BRIAN MAST, Florida GARY PETERS, Michigan VICKY HARTZLER, Missouri ANGUS KING, Maine EXECUTIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS Department of State, To Be Appointed Department of Labor, To Be Appointed Department of Commerce, To Be Appointed At-Large, To Be Appointed At-Large, To Be Appointed JONATHAN STIVERS, Staff Director PETER MATTIS, Deputy Staff Director (II) VerDate Nov 24 2008 13:38 Nov 18, 2019 Jkt 036743 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 G:\ANNUAL REPORT\ANNUAL REPORT 2019\2019 AR GPO FILES\FRONTMATTER.TXT C O N T E N T S Page I. Executive Summary ............................................................................................. 1 Statement From the Chairs ............................................................................. 1 Overview ............................................................................................................ 3 Key Findings ..................................................................................................... 7 Political Prisoner Cases of Concern ................................................................ 20 General Recommendations to Congress and the Administration ................. 27 Political Prisoner Database ............................................................................. 33 II. Human Rights ..................................................................................................... 37 Freedom of Expression ..................................................................................... 37 Findings and Recommendations .................................................................. 37 China’s Compliance with International Standards on Freedom of Ex- pression ...................................................................................................... 39 30 Years after Tiananmen ........................................................................... 39 Press Freedom and Tiananmen ................................................................... 41 Freedom of the Press .................................................................................... 41 Internet and Social Media ............................................................................ 45 Curtailment of Academic Freedom in China .............................................. 47 Worker Rights ................................................................................................... 58 Findings and Recommendations .................................................................. 58 Trade Unions and Collective Bargaining .................................................... 61 Heightened Suppression of Labor Rights Advocacy ................................... 61 Jasic Incident ................................................................................................ 62 Civil Society Organizations .......................................................................... 62 Worker Strikes and Protests ........................................................................ 64 996.ICU Campaign and Excessive Overtime .............................................. 65 Social Insurance ............................................................................................ 65 Employment Relationships .......................................................................... 66 Work Safety and Industrial Accidents ........................................................ 67 Occupational Health ..................................................................................... 68 Criminal Justice ............................................................................................... 77 Findings and Recommendations .................................................................. 77 Introduction ................................................................................................... 80 Use of Criminal Law to Punish Rights Advocates ..................................... 80 Arbitrary Detention ...................................................................................... 81 Chinese Authorities’ Retaliatory Use of Criminal Law against Canadian Citizens ...................................................................................................... 83 Ongoing Challenges in Implementation of the Criminal Procedure Law 84 Torture and Abuse in Custody ..................................................................... 86 Medical Care in Custody .............................................................................. 86 Wrongful Conviction ..................................................................................... 87 Policing .......................................................................................................... 87 Death Penalty ............................................................................................... 88 Organ Harvesting ......................................................................................... 89 Freedom of Religion .......................................................................................... 101 Findings and Recommendations .................................................................. 101 International and Chinese Law on Religious Freedom ............................. 104 Policies and Regulations Pertaining to Religious Freedom ....................... 104 Buddhism (Non-Tibetan) and Taoism ......................................................... 106 Christianity—Catholicism ............................................................................ 107 Christianity—Protestantism ........................................................................ 107 Falun Gong .................................................................................................... 109 Islam .............................................................................................................. 109 Other Religious Communities ...................................................................... 110 (III) VerDate Nov 24 2008 13:38 Nov 18, 2019 Jkt 036743 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 5904 Sfmt 5904 G:\ANNUAL REPORT\ANNUAL REPORT 2019\2019 AR GPO FILES\FRONTMATTER.TXT IV Page II. Human Rights—Continued Ethnic Minority Rights .................................................................................... 116 Findings and Recommendations .................................................................. 116 Introduction ................................................................................................... 118 Party and State ‘‘Sinicization’’ of Ethnic Minorities .................................. 118 Policies Affecting Hui Islamic Communities .............................................. 118 Grassland Protests in Inner Mongolia ........................................................ 119 Detention of Mongol Writers ........................................................................ 120 Population Control ........................................................................................... 123 Findings and Recommendations .................................................................. 123 International Standards and China’s Coercive Population Policies ......... 125 Coercive Implementation and Punishment for Noncompliance ................ 125 Report of Forced Sterilization in Mass Internment Camps in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region ..................................................... 127 The Universal Two-Child Policy .................................................................. 127 Demographic and Humanitarian Consequences of Population Control Policies ....................................................................................................... 128 Special Topic: Migrant Neighborhoods a Target of Anti-Crime and Vice Campaign ....................................................................................................... 138 Findings and Recommendations .................................................................. 138 Introduction ..................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Proquest Dissertations
    CAPTURING THE PLATFORM HOW PUBLIC RELATIONS SPUN THE BEIJING OLYMPICS MANFRED BECKER A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS GRADUATE PROGRAM IN INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES YORK UNIVERSITY TORONTO, ONTARIO AUGUST 2011 Library and Archives Bibliotheque et 1*1 Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre r6f6rence ISBN: 978-0-494-80490-2 Our file Notre r6f4rence ISBN: 978-0-494-80490-2 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduce, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Nnternet, preter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non­ support microforme, papier, electronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la these ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation.
    [Show full text]
  • New Media in New China
    NEW MEDIA IN NEW CHINA: AN ANALYSIS OF THE DEMOCRATIZING EFFECT OF THE INTERNET __________________ A University Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, East Bay __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Communication __________________ By Chaoya Sun June 2013 Copyright © 2013 by Chaoya Sun ii NEW MEOlA IN NEW CHINA: AN ANALYSIS OF THE DEMOCRATIlING EFFECT OF THE INTERNET By Chaoya Sun III Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 PART 1 NEW MEDIA PROMOTE DEMOCRACY ................................................... 9 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 9 THE COMMUNICATION THEORY OF HAROLD INNIS ........................................ 10 NEW MEDIA PUSH ON DEMOCRACY .................................................................... 13 Offering users the right to choose information freely ............................................... 13 Making free-thinking and free-speech available ....................................................... 14 Providing users more participatory rights ................................................................. 15 THE FUTURE OF DEMOCRACY IN THE CONTEXT OF NEW MEDIA ................ 16 PART 2 2008 IN RETROSPECT: FRAGILE CHINESE MEDIA UNDER THE SHADOW OF CHINA’S POLITICS ...........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • British Newspaper Coverage of the Tibet Issue Over Time, 1949
    British Newspaper Coverage of the Tibet Issue over Time, 1949-2009: Representations of Repression and Resistance by Chunyan Wu A Doctoral Thesis Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy of Loughborough University June 2018 © by Chunyan Wu 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My deepest gratitude goes to my supervisor, Professor James Stanyer, who has given me the most precious intellectual inspirations, valuable advice and help on this long road. Without his generous supports, encouragements, discussions and comments, this dissertation may never appear. I appreciate the help and support from the whole faculty of Social Sciences Department at Loughborough University, especially the administrator Deirdre Lombard who is always willing to help under all conditions. I am also very grateful for the support from all my personal friends at Loughborough, including Lingqi Kong, Mingxi Yin, Hui-Ju Tsai, Xue Li, Zhijia Yang, Edward Winward, Miaoshan Pan, Jiacheng Zhen, Fabia Lin and Harry Gui. In the process of this research, they not only kept with me very insightful academic communications but also shared with me their warmest friendship which helped me move on in the darkest moments. My PhD life at Loughborough would be very dull and colorless without them around. Last but not the least, I would like to thank my parents for their selfless love, understanding, and endless support for me for my entire life, without which I could impossibly achieve what I have accomplished today. i TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
    [Show full text]
  • China (Includes Tibet, Hong Kong, and Macau) 2018 Human Rights Report
    CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2018 HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The People’s Republic of China (PRC) is an authoritarian state in which the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is the paramount authority. CCP members hold almost all top government and security apparatus positions. Ultimate authority rests with the CCP Central Committee’s 25-member Political Bureau (Politburo) and its seven-member Standing Committee. Xi Jinping continued to hold the three most powerful positions as CCP general secretary, state president, and chairman of the Central Military Commission. Civilian authorities maintained control of security forces. During the year the government significantly intensified its campaign of mass detention of members of Muslim minority groups in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang). Authorities were reported to have arbitrarily detained 800,000 to possibly more than two million Uighurs, ethnic Kazakhs, and other Muslims in internment camps designed to erase religious and ethnic identities. Government officials claimed the camps were needed to combat terrorism, separatism, and extremism. International media, human rights organizations, and former detainees reported security officials in the camps abused, tortured, and killed some detainees. Human rights issues included arbitrary or unlawful killings by the government; forced disappearances by the government; torture by the government; arbitrary detention by the government; harsh and life-threatening prison and detention conditions; political prisoners;
    [Show full text]
  • Country of Origin Information Report China
    Country of origin information report China July 2020 Country of origin information report China | May 2020 Publication details Location The Hague Assembled by Country of Origin Information Reports Section (AB) The Dutch version of this report is leading. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands cannot be held accountable for misinterpretations based on the English version of the report. Country of origin information report China | May 2020 Table of contents Publication details ............................................................................................2 Table of contents .............................................................................................3 Introduction ....................................................................................................6 1 Political developments ................................................................................ 8 1.1 General ..........................................................................................................8 1.2 Xi Jinping .......................................................................................................8 1.3 The Shuanggui system .....................................................................................9 1.4 The security situation .......................................................................................9 1.5 Social credit system ....................................................................................... 10 1.5.1 Companies ..................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • GHOSTNET April 2016 Sreepriya Chalakkal
    STUDYOFGHOSTNET April 2016 sreepriya chalakkal 1 Introduction 4 2contentsHistory 5 2.1 Tibet-China conflict . 5 2.2 Cyber attack on Tibet . 5 3 Target and Motivation 6 4 Attack Strategy 7 5 Operation 8 5.1 Client and server design . 8 5.2 Dissecting the Ghost suite . 10 5.3 GhostRAT Network communication . 11 6 Detection Avoidance 11 7 Countermeasures 12 7.1 Field investigation . 12 7.2 Defense techniques . 12 7.3 Protection against APTs . 12 8 Conclusion 13 9 Bibiliography 14 Figure 1 The conflict region of Tibet . 6 Figurelist of2 figuresThe GhostNet Client . 9 Figure 3 GhostRAT capabilities . 10 Figure 4 GhostRAT components . 11 Figure 5 Detection with stream analysis . 13 1 My sincere thanks to Professor Karsten Bsufka and guide Leily Bah- namacknowledgement for all their support and encouragement. Leily Bahnam helped with giving valuable suggestions for my presentation. She also re- viewed my report and taught important lessons on scientific writing. Professor Karsten Bsufka helped with giving direction on different research areas in autonomous security. He also helped with provid- ing interesting reading materials that invoked in me more interest in the subject. It was a joyful experience to read about advanced persis- tent threats in general and also getting into the details of GhostNet. Having completed the seminar, I am motivated to study more about advanced persistent threats and botnets. I also realise the intricacies and details that needs to be taken care of while writing a scientific report. 2 The report discusses the history, motivation, operation and detection ofabstract an advanced persistent threat (APT) called GhostNet.
    [Show full text]
  • Intersecting Nations, Diverging Discourses: the Fraught Encounter of Chinese and Tibetan Literatures in the Modern Era Christoph
    Intersecting Nations, Diverging Discourses: The Fraught Encounter of Chinese and Tibetan Literatures in the Modern Era Christopher Peacock Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2020 © 2020 Christopher Peacock All Rights Reserved Abstract Intersecting Nations, Diverging Discourses: The Fraught Encounter of Chinese and Tibetan Literatures in the Modern Era Christopher Peacock This is a two-pronged study of how the Chinese and Tibetan literary traditions have become intertwined in the modern era. Setting out from the contention that the study of minority literatures in China must be fundamentally multilingual in its approach, this dissertation investigates how Tibetans were written into Chinese literature, and how Tibetans themselves adopted and adapted Chinese literary discourses to their own ends. It begins with Lu Xun and the formative literary conceptions of nation in the late Qing and Republican periods – a time when the Tibetan subject was fundamentally absent from modern Chinese literature – and then moves to the 1980s, when Tibet and Tibetans belatedly, and contentiously, became valid subject matter for Han Chinese writers. The second aspect of the project situates modern Tibetan-language literature, which arose from the 1980s onwards, within the literary and intellectual context of modern China. I read Döndrup Gyel, modern Tibetan literature’s “father figure,” as working within unmistakably Lu Xun-ian paradigms, I consider the contradictions that arose when Tsering Döndrup’s short story “Ralo” was interpreted as a Tibetan equivalent of “The True Story of Ah Q,” and I analyze the rise of a “Tibetan May Fourth Movement” in the 2000s, which I argue presented a selective reading of modern China’s intellectual history.
    [Show full text]
  • Tibet Insight (December 15-31, 2017)
    TIBET INSIGHT (DECEMBER 15-31, 2017) Page 1 of 16 TAR NEWS China’s Annual Conference on Rural Work discusses Tibet An article in the state-owned Global Times on December 25, 2017 said that a high priority item for 2018 on the agenda of China's annual central conference on rural work, which will set the tone for next year's agricultural and rural development and is expected to convene in Beijing soon, is revitalising the countryside. It said, "poor villages along the borders of Southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region with India, Nepal, Bhutan and other neighboring countries may receive more attention than usual". The article said "Tibet has achieved rapid economic growth over the past few years, but many people in the region, which is locked away among the Himalaya Mountains, are still suffering from poverty". It disclosed that since the 19th Party Congress concluded in October, "628 border villages in Tibet have gained more attention for their economic and human development. It is intended that every border village will have access to roads by 2020, as part of a broader effort to lift more rural areas out of poverty". It said "Tibet's rural poverty alleviation drive is complex and difficult, partly due to the poor infrastructure that has long plagued rural residents", but said the situation is changing anmd Tibet must seize this rare opportunity to lift rural people out of poverty. It asserted that "with expanded preferential policies, per capita disposable incomes in border villages are expected to double by 2020". The Global Times article asserted that "Tibet has seen great development and stability but confronting separatism remains a challenge for the region.
    [Show full text]
  • Cover 13-1.Pmd
    ISSN 0971-9318 HIMALAYAN AND CENTRAL ASIAN STUDIES (JOURNAL OF HIMALAYAN RESEARCH AND CULTURAL FOUNDATION) NGO in Special Consultative Status with ECOSOC, United Nations Vol. 13 No. 1 January-March 2009 Jammu and Kashmir Assembly Elections, 2008 Paul Beersmans Absurdity of Boycott Syed Nazir Gilani J&K Assembly Elections, 2008 Shabir Choudhry Indo-Tibetan Cultural Relations through the Ages Dawa Norbu Tibetan Buddhism - Past and Present Archana Shukla and Vineet K. Dikshit Establishing the Enlightenment of the Buddha in Pramanasidhi-Pariccheda of the Pramanavarttika Nawang Tsering Reform and Development in the Managing System of Tibetan Buddhism Li Tao and Wang Jinhong Political Structure and Social Change among Tibetan Diaspora Archana Shukla and Vineet K. Dikshit Tibetan Language and Culture Studies in India Tsetan Namgyal India’s Response to Tibetan Unrest, 2008 Sharad K. Soni HIMALAYAN AND CENTRAL ASIAN STUDIES Editor : K. WARIKOO Assistant Editor : SHARAD K. SONI Sub Editor : MAHESH R. DEBATA © Himalayan Research and Cultural Foundation, New Delhi. * All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any means, electrical, mechanical or otherwise without first seeking the written permission of the publisher or due acknowledgement. * The views expressed in this Journal are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions or policies of the Himalayan Research and Cultural Foundation. SUBSCRIPTION IN INDIA Single Copy (Individual) : Rs. 500.00 Annual
    [Show full text]
  • Gazette International Communication
    International Communication Gazette http://gaz.sagepub.com/ Same events, two stories : Comparing the photographic coverage of the 2008 anti-China/Olympics demonstrations in Chinese and US newspapers Ying Huang and Shahira Fahmy International Communication Gazette 2011 73: 732 DOI: 10.1177/1748048511420091 The online version of this article can be found at: http://gaz.sagepub.com/content/73/8/732 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for International Communication Gazette can be found at: Email Alerts: http://gaz.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://gaz.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://gaz.sagepub.com/content/73/8/732.refs.html >> Version of Record - Dec 6, 2011 What is This? Downloaded from gaz.sagepub.com at UNIV OF WEST FLORIDA on December 22, 2011 Article the International Communication Gazette Same events, two 73(8) 732–752 ª The Author(s) 2011 Reprints and permission: stories: Comparing the sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/1748048511420091 photographic coverage gaz.sagepub.com of the 2008 anti-China/ Olympics demonstrations in Chinese and US newspapers Ying Huang The University of West Florida, USA Shahira Fahmy The University of Arizona, USA Abstract A content analysis of photos from four major US newspapers and four major Chinese newspapers depicting the 2008 anti-China/Olympics protests revealed significantly different denoted themes. On one hand, the most prominent dominant visual theme in US newspapers was suppression followed by pro-Tibet demonstrations. On the other hand, in Chinese newspapers the most dominant visual theme was the Olympic torch relay followed by riots and restoring order.
    [Show full text]
  • The Making of China's Maritime Security Policy: Policy Actors, the Fragmented Authority, and Implications
    The Making of China’s Maritime Security Policy: Policy Actors, the Fragmented Authority, and Implications Chia-Yu Huang A thesis in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities and Social Sciences UNSW Canberra 2014 PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Huang First name: Chia-Yu Other name/s: Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: PHO School: School of HASS Faculty: UNSW Canberra Title: The making of China's maritime security policy: policy actors, the fragmented authority, and implications Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) This thesis aims to examine the decision-making process of China's maritime security policy. In particular, it addresses the question of what factors have led to the inconsistent nature of China's maritime security policy, a phenomenon as yet little examined. In contrast to existing studies regarding China's maritime power which have implied that there is a clear driver dominating China's maritime security policy, this thesis highlights inter-agency competition in the policy process. It argues that due to the fragmentation of its decision-making authority, China does not have a clear driving force dominating the making of its maritime security policy. Instead, its policy is influenced and shaped by various loosely coordinated actors in the policy process and is a product of extensive bureaucratic bargaining. Consequently, even though Beijing has an overarching policy guideline to build the country into a maritime power (haiyang qiangguo), relevant decisions on specific maritime security issues are made disjointedly and slowly, which contributes to the inconsistent nature of its maritime security policy.
    [Show full text]
  • Tibet, China Und Der Westen - Wohin Geht Die Reise?
    Tibet, China und der Westen - wohin geht die Reise? von Andreas Gruschke, September 20081 Die Ausschreitungen in Tibet und Chinas Suche nach der „harmonischen Gesellschaft“: Warum scheint gerade im Zeitalter der unbegrenzten Kommunikationsmöglichkeiten so wenig Gesprächsbereitschaft zu herrschen? Eine Skizze der Ereignisse in Tibet im März 2008, der Berichterstattung über sie und ein Versuch, diese zu beurteilen Was Tibet anbelangt, so scheint die Welt seit den diesjährigen Märzunruhen in Lhasa [14.3.2008] und andernorts im tibetischen Hochland nur noch in einem vereint zu sein: in Frustration. Enttäuschung findet sich als einziges bei allen Beteiligten: Die Exiltibeter und westlichen (Exil-)Tibetunterstützer sind frustriert, weil sie trotz aller Bemühungen den Olympia-Boykott nicht erreichen konnten. Bei tibetischen Demonstranten macht sich Frust breit, weil sie keine positiven Veränderungen ihrer teilweise durchaus schwierigen Lage erzwingen können; beim Dalai Lama, weil unter Tibetern die Gewaltbereitschaft immer größer wird und er zwar allseits benutzt, seinen Worten aber kaum gefolgt wird; bei den chinesischen Behörden, dass trotz stufenweiser Fortschritte im Land der Widerstand offenbar zunimmt; und bei vielen Chinesen, weil sie in der westlichen Presse pauschal als „gehirngewaschen“ eingestuft werden, nur weil sie sich gegen verfälschende und einseitige Pressedarstellungen westlicher Medien auflehnen. Welcher Art die Enttäuschung der Tibeter in Tibet sein könnte, wird im Westen dabei am wenigsten hinterfragt - insbesondere all jener Tibeter, die sich an spürbare Freiheiten im alltäglichen Leben und an ökonomische Verbesserungen gewöhnt hatten. Mit der angespannten Situation, erzeugt zwar durch „einheimische“ Tibeter, aber ganz offensichtlich koordiniert aus dem Ausland,2 sind nun im ganzen Land das Misstrauen und die ethnischen Spannungen geschaffen worden, die bislang fast ausschließlich in Städten Zentraltibets offen zu Tage traten und in anderen Teilen punktuell aufschienen.
    [Show full text]