Flags of Africa

Item Type Book

Authors McGiverin, Rolland

Publisher Indiana State University

Download date 28/09/2021 07:31:45

Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10484/12197

FLAGS OF AFRICA

: A Bibliography

OCTOBER 1, 2016 ROLLAND MCGIVERIN Indiana State University

Canary Islands ...... 7 Contents Spanish Autonomous Community ...... 7 Algeria ...... 1 Cities and Towns ...... 8 Country ...... 1 Ethnic ...... 8 Armed forces ...... 1 Political ...... 8 Cities and towns ...... 1 Province ...... 9 Ethnic ...... 1 Cape Verde ...... 9 Pirates ...... 2 Country ...... 9 Political ...... 2 Cameroon ...... 9 Angola ...... 2 Country ...... 9 Country ...... 2 Central African Republic ...... 10 Ethnic ...... 3 Country ...... 10 Political ...... 3 Ceuta ...... 10 Province ...... 4 Spanish Autonomous City ...... 10 Arab Islamic Republic ...... 4 Chad ...... 10 Country ...... 4 Country ...... 10 Benin ...... 4 Comoros ...... 11 Country ...... 4 Country ...... 11 Ethnic ...... 5 Anjouan ...... 12 Political ...... 5 Autonomous Island ...... 12 Biafra ...... 5 Ethnic ...... 12 Country ...... 5 Political ...... 12 Ethnic ...... 5 Congo, Democratic Republic of the ...... 13 Bophuthatswana ...... 5 Country ...... 13 Bantustan ...... 5 Congo, Republic of the ...... 13 Botswana...... 6 Country ...... 13 Country ...... 6 Cote d'Ivoire...... 13 Ethnic ...... 6 Country ...... 13 Burkina Faso ...... 6 Ethnic ...... 14 Country ...... 6 Dahomey ...... 14 Burundi ...... 7 French Self-governing Colony ...... 14 Country ...... 7 Djibouti ...... 14

Country ...... 14 German East Africa ...... 23 Ethnic ...... 15 German Colony ...... 23 Egypt ...... 15 Guinea ...... 23 Country ...... 15 Country ...... 23 Armed forces ...... 16 Guinea-Bissau ...... 23 Ethnic ...... 16 Country ...... 23 Etiquette ...... 16 Kenya ...... 23 Governorate ...... 16 Country ...... 23 Political ...... 16 Ethnic ...... 24 Regions ...... 17 Lesotho ...... 24 Equatorial Guinea ...... 17 Country ...... 24 Country ...... 17 Cities and towns ...... 25 Ethnic ...... 18 Ethnic ...... 25 Political ...... 18 Government ...... 25 Eritrea ...... 18 Liberia ...... 25 Country ...... 18 Country ...... 25 Armed forces ...... 18 Libya ...... 26 Ethnic ...... 18 Country ...... 26 Political ...... 18 Cities and Towns ...... 27 French Southern and Antarctic Lands ...... 19 Ethnic ...... 27 French Overseas Territory ...... 19 Pirates ...... 27 Ethiopia ...... 19 Political ...... 27 Country ...... 19 Madagascar ...... 28 Armed forces ...... 21 Country ...... 28 Ethnic ...... 21 Ethnic ...... 28 Political ...... 21 Government ...... 28 Gabon ...... 22 Madeira...... 28 Country ...... 22 Portuguese Autonomous Region ...... 28 Gaban ...... 22 Ethnic ...... 29 Country ...... 22 Political ...... 29 Gambia ...... 22 Malawi ...... 29 Country ...... 22 Country ...... 29 Ethnic ...... 22 Mauritania ...... 30

iii

Country ...... 30 Orange Free State ...... 35 Ethnic ...... 30 Country ...... 35 Political ...... 30 Rwanda ...... 36 Mauritius ...... 30 Country ...... 36 Country ...... 30 Ethnic ...... 36 Autonomous outer island ...... 31 Government ...... 36 Mayotte ...... 31 Political ...... 36 French Overseas Department ...... 31 Reunion ...... 37 Melilla ...... 31 French Overseas Region ...... 37 Spanish Autonomous City ...... 31 Ethnic ...... 37 Morocco ...... 31 Sahara Arab Democratic Republic ...... 37 Country ...... 31 Country ...... 37 Armed forces ...... 32 St. Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha ... 37 Ethnic ...... 32 British Overseas Territory ...... 37 Pirates ...... 32 SaoTome and Principe ...... 37 Political ...... 32 Country ...... 37 Region ...... 32 Senegal...... 38 Mozambique ...... 33 Country ...... 38 Country ...... 33 Ethnic ...... 38 Political ...... 33 Political ...... 38 Namibia ...... 33 Seychelles ...... 39 Country ...... 33 Country ...... 39 Cities and Towns ...... 34 Sierra Leone ...... 40 Ethnic ...... 34 Country ...... 40 Government ...... 34 Ethnic ...... 40 Political ...... 35 Somalia ...... 40 Niger ...... 35 Country ...... 40 Country ...... 35 Ethnic ...... 41 Nigera ...... 35 Political ...... 41 Country ...... 35 States ...... 41 Political ...... 35 Somaliland ...... 41 Northern Rhodesia ...... 35 Country ...... 41 Self-governing British Crown Colony ...... 35 Ethnic ...... 42

South Africa ...... 42 Country ...... 54 Country ...... 42 Tanzania ...... 55 Armed forces ...... 47 Country ...... 55 Cities and Towns ...... 48 Cities and Towns ...... 55 Ethnic ...... 48 Ethnic ...... 55 Government ...... 49 Political ...... 56 Navy ...... 49 Zanzibar ...... 56 Police ...... 49 Togo ...... 56 Political ...... 49 Country ...... 56 Province ...... 49 Ethnic ...... 56 Yachts ...... 50 Government ...... 56 Bophuthatswana ...... 50 Political ...... 57 Ciskei ...... 50 Tunisia ...... 57 Gazankulu...... 50 Country ...... 57 KaNgwane ...... 51 Pirates ...... 57 KwaNdebele ...... 51 Political ...... 57 KwaZulu ...... 51 Uganda ...... 57 Lebowa...... 51 Country ...... 57 Venda ...... 51 Ethnic ...... 58 South Rhodesia ...... 52 Political ...... 58 Self-governing British Crown Colony ...... 52 Western Sahara ...... 59 South Sudan ...... 52 Country ...... 59 Country ...... 52 Ethnic ...... 59 Sudan ...... 52 Political ...... 59 Country ...... 52 Zambia ...... 59 Armed forces ...... 53 Country ...... 59 Cities and towns ...... 53 Ethnic ...... 60 Ethnic ...... 53 Political ...... 60 Political ...... 53 Zimbabwe ...... 60 Swaziland ...... 54 Country ...... 60 Country ...... 54 Cities and Towns ...... 62 Government ...... 54 Ethnic ...... 62 Tanganyika ...... 54 Government ...... 62

Political ...... 62

Algeria Country

Algerie: Les derniers drapeaux Français. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (18/64).

Abelson, N. O. (1962, Oct 31). The vexillological explosion. Secretariat news, 16, 3-4.

Artimovich, N. (1989). 'A' is for Afghanistan. NAVA News, 22(4), 2. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no4.pdf

Barbour, N. (1961). The flags of Algeria, past and present. London, GB: Arabic Service, BBC.

Barbour, N. (1961). The Flags of Algeria, past and present. The Flag Bulletin, 1(1), 4-6.

Le Salut au drapeau. I, En Algérie. (1916). Paris, FR: E. Leroux.

Smith, W. (2000). The flag of the Arab Islamic Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 39(5=195), 206-208.

Temimi, A. (1973). Le drapeau constantinois à l'époque de Hadj Ahmed, dernier Bey de Constantine Revue de l'Occident musulman et de la Méditerranée 15(1), 323- 326.

Armed forces

Sánchez Moltó, M. V. (1996). Algo más sobre los cisnes de Cisneros y las banderas de Orán. Banderas (58).

Cities and towns

Sánchez Moltó, M. V. (1996). Algo más sobre los cisnes de Cisneros y las banderas de Orán. Banderas (58).

Ethnic

Kabylie (Algérie): Drapeau autonomiste. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (16/62).

Minahan, J. (2002). Kabyles Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 861-869). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Tuaregs Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1922-1927). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Tormo Colomina, J. (1988). La bandera de los pied-noirs. Banderas (29).

Pirates

Barbour, N. (1998). Pirates or privateers? Flag usage and "the Barbary states". The Flag Bulletin, 37(1=179), 2-15.

Political

Algerie: Les drapeaux de l'OAS, du CNF. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (21/67).

Minahan, J. (1996). Azawad Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 51-53). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Kabylia Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 253-255). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Angola Country

Artimovich, N. (1989). 'A' is for Afghanistan. NAVA News, 22(4), 2. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no4.pdf

Caplan, J. (2004). Bagging their flags. Time, 164(25), 27.

Jm. (1976). Angola. Vexilologie (18), 234-235, 231. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm. (1976). Angola. Vexilologie (18), 241, 230. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Poels, J. (2003). De toekomstige vlag van Angola. Vlaggentijdschrift Vexilla Nostra (238).

Redinha, J. (1974). Insígnias e simbologias do mando dos chefes nativos de Angola (2a ed.). Luanda, AI: Centro de Informação e Turismo de Angola.

RS. (1977). Angola. Vexilologie (25), 394. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Usačëv, A. (1977). Angola. Vexilologie(25), 392. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm Ethnic

Hendrickson, A. A. (1993). Historical idioms of identity representation among the Ovaherero in Southern Africa. (53 Dissertation). Available from EBSCOhost

Minahan, J. (2002). Cabindans Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 348-354). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Katangans Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 966-972). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Kongos Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 1009-1016). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Lozis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (pp. 1115-1121). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Mašek, B. (1976). Vlajky národně osvobozeneckého hnutí v Ancole. Vexilologie (21), 283-289. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Minahan, J. (1996). Cabinda Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 96-98). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Musikongo Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 383-385). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Notholt, S. A. N. (1990). Black cockerel at war: the flag and arms of the UNITA movement. The Flag Bulletin, 29(6), 220-231.

Sala, G. (2010). Le bandiere dei movimenti indipendentisti di Cabinda. Vexilla Italica, 37(2=70).

Smith, W. (1962). New flags of Portuguese Africa. The Flag Bulletin, 1(3), 21-22.

Province

Cabinda (corrections). (1999). Franciae Vexilla (13/59).

Cabinda (Angola): Les drapeaux politiques et du gouvernement en exil. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (11/57).

Arab Islamic Republic Country

Smith, W. (2000). The flag of the Arab Islamic Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 39(5=195), 206-208

Benin Country

Artimovich, N. (1989). 'B' is for Burundi. NAVA News, 22(5), 2. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no5.pdf

Benin: Drapeau national. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (25).

Dahomey, west africa - a late 19th century standard. (1998). Ifulegi, (4), 1-4.

Flaggenforum. (1991). Flagdata: Benin. Crux Australis, 7(1=29).

lm, & jm. (1976). Benin. Vexilologie (20), 281-282.

Smith, W. (1992). New flags: Republic of Benin. The Flag Bulletin, 31(1-2), 16-23.

Usačëv, A., & Martykán, J. (1976). Benin. Vexilologie (18), 236, 238.

Usačëv, A., & Martykán, J. (1976). Benin. Vexilologie (18), 241-242, 230.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Ewes Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 589-594). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Hausas Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 713-718). Westport, CT Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Yorubas Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 2078-2084). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Benin Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 75-77). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Togoland Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 573-575). Westport, CT: Westport, CT.

Biafra Country

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (1996). Biafra Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 78-80). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Ibos Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 762-768). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Bophuthatswana Bantustan

jm. (1978). Bophuthatswana. Vexilologie (29), 462.

pf. (1978). Bophuthatswana. Vexilologie (27), 428.

pf. (1978). Bophuthatswana. Vexilologie (29), 466.

Smith, W. (1994). New flags: Republic of Bophutatswana. The Flag Bulletin, 33(5), 201- 202.

Botswana Country

Botswana. (1965). The Flag Bulletin, 5(4).

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology, part 1. (2000). Ifulegi, (7), 1-4.

Artimovich, N. (1989). 'B' is for Burundi. NAVA News, 22(5), 2. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no5.pdf

Burgos, F. (2012). Africa, una nueva era (IV). Banderas (123).

Ploeger, J. (1988). Die vlag en wapen van die Republiek Land Goosen (1881-1884). Africana notes & news, 28(1), 3-5.

Ethnic

Hendrickson, A. A. (1993). Historical idioms of identity representation among the Ovaherero in Southern Africa. (53 Dissertation). Available from EBSCOhost

Minahan, J. (2002). Lozis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (pp. 1115-1121). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Ndebele Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1340-1346). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Burkina Faso Country

Artimovich, N. (1989). 'B' is for Burundi. NAVA News, 22(5), 2. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no5.pdf

Burkina Faso: Nouvelles armoiries. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (09/55).

Edwards, J. (1985-1986). New flags: North Cyprus, Burkina Faso. Crux Australis, 2(2=8).

Burundi Country

Abelson, N. O. (1962, Oct 31). The vexillological explosion. Secretariat news, 16, 3-4.

abr. (1972). Lidová Republika Martyazo. Vexilologie (4), 11.

Artimovich, N. (1989). 'B' is for Burundi. NAVA News, 22(5), 2. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no5.pdf

Butundi: L'histoire confuse des drapeaux du Burundi. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (33/79).

Grahl, G. (1962). New flags The Flag Bulletin, 2(1), 1-2.

Canary Islands Spanish Autonomous Community

Delgado, R. (2008). La bandera nacional canaria normas, protocolo y uso. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, ES: Grupo de Opinión Canarias Nación.

Durán Rodríguez, A. (1985). Canarias: Banderas afortunadas y desafortunadas. Banderas (16).

Durán Rodríguez, A. (1992). Islas Canarias. Banderas (45).

Erbez, J. M. (2007). Banderas y escudos de Canarias. Majadahonda, ES: Sociedad Española de Vexicología.

Erbez Rodríguez, J. M. (2005). Banderas de Canarias. Banderas (96).

Erbez Rodríguez, J. M. (2005). Escudo independentista de Canarias. Banderas (95).

Erbez Rodríguez, J. M., Hurtado Maqueda, J., & Rodríguez Peñas, T. (1996). Banderas municipales de Canarias. Banderas (59).

Fojtík, P. (1976). Vlajky svobody. Vexilologie (18), 219-229, 232-233.

Pedersen, R. N. (1992). Canary Islands One Europe, 100 nations (pp. 63). Clevedon, GB: Channel View Books.

Sánchez Fernández, J., & et al. (1994). Vexilología municipal: Canarias. Banderas (53). Municipal Vexillology: Canarias

Suárez Rosales, M. (1999). Taknara tel’la: Historia de la bandera canaria = Amezruy n usengaq n Teknara: Tegueste Baile del Sol.

Suárez Rosales, M. (2000). Taknara tella! : Historia de la bandera canaria = Amezruy n usengaq n Teknara. Tenerife, ES: Ediciones de Baile del Sol.

Cities and Towns

Erbez Rodríguez, J. M. (2000). La ensangrentada camisa de Matías Zurita y la bandera de Telde. Banderas (74).

Erbez Rodríguez, J. M. (2000). Noticia sobre banderas y estandartes en Tenerife en el siglo XVI. Banderas (77).

Fuentes de Armas, M. d. P. (2008). Datos para la historia de la bandera del ilustre Ayuntamiento de la Villa de Arico. Banderas (109).

Fuentes de Armas, M. d. P. (2012). La bandera de tacoronte. Banderas (124).

Rodríguez Díaz de Quintana, M. (1995). Historia del escudo heráldico municipal y de la bandera de la muy noble y muy leal ciudad del Real de las Palmas. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Ayuntamiento de las Palmas de Gran Canaria.

Schneider, K.-M. (2010). Urlaubsvexillologie: Teneriffa, das totale Vergnügen. Der Flaggenkurier (31), 3-14.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Canarians Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 374-378). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Erbez Rodríguez, J. M. (2001). Unos extraños símbolos independentistas canarios. Banderas (81).

Minahan, J. (1996). Canary Islands Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 102-104). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Province

Superbandera von Gran Canaria wieder gehisst. (2012). DGF-Informationen (52).

Cape Verde Country

Cap Vert: Le nouveau drapeau. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (35).

abr. (1976). Kapverdske Ostrovy. Vexilologie (21), 297, 290. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Flagmaster. (1993). Flag changes: Cape Verde. Crux Australis, 9(4=40).

Healy, D. T. (1993). Visual Vexi-Bits. NAVA News, 26(3), 4-5. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1993_v26no5.pdf

jm. (1977). Kapverdy. Vexilologie (25), 388. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Cameroon Country

Artimovich, N. (1989). Collector's corner: 'C' is for Canada. NAVA News, 22(6), 2-3. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no6.pdf

Federal Republic of Cameroun. (1961). The Flag Bulletin, 1(2).

jm. (1975). Kamerun. Vexilologie (17), 216-217.

lm. (1979). Kamerun. Vexilologie (34), 561.

Louda, J. (1977). Kamerun. Vexilologie(23), 336.

Meka Meka, L. M. (2012). The flag of Cameroon -- Its creation, significance, evolution, and display. NAVA News (215), 2-5.

Smith, W. (1961-1962). New flags. The Flag Bulletin, 1(2), 3-6, 10.

Central African Republic Country

Artimovich, N. (1989). Collector's corner: 'C' is for Canada. NAVA News, 22(6), 2-3. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no6.pdf

Central African Republic. Direction de l'information. (1965). Drapeau et devise de la République Centrafricaine. Bangui, CF: Direction de l'information.

ES. (1977). Stredoafrichke Cisarstvi. Vexilologie (22), 310.

GM. (1977). Středoafricke Císařství. Vexilologie (26), 413, 411.

jm. (1977). Střední Afrika. Vexilologie (26), 409.

jm. (1978). Středoafricke Císařství. Vexilologie (29), 465.

pf. (1977). Středoafrické císařství. Vexilologie (24), 360.

Smith, W. (1998). La Communauté and its symbols. The Flag Bulletin, 37(5), 174-184.

Ceuta Spanish Autonomous City

Neue Flaggen. (1996). Der Flaggenkurier (2), 33-34.

Durán Rodríguez, A. (1992). Las banderas de Ceuta. Banderas (44).

Sánchez Caravaca, M. A. (1973). El pendón de la Ciudad de Ceuta: Ceuta Instituto de Estudios Ceutíes.

Schuurman, W. (2002). De wapens en vlaggen van Ceuta en Mellila. Vlaggentijdschrift Vexilla Nostra (234).

Chad Country

Artimovich, N. (1989). Collector's corner: 'C' is for Canada. NAVA News, 22(6), 2-3. Link

http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no6.pdf

Ehrenkranz, A. (2004). Color clash. Newsweek (Atlantic Edition), 143(19), 5.

JL. (1974). Čad. Vexilologie (11), 110, 108. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm. (2004). Čad a Rumunsko se přou o vlajku. Vexi.info, (73), 2. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf73.pdf

lm. (1974). Ještě ke znaku Čadu. Vexilologie(13), 142. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology, part 1. (2000). Ifulegi, (7), 1-4.

Tchad-Roumanie: La guerre des drapeaux aura-t-elle lieu? (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla, 35/81.

Comoros Country

Artimovich, N. (1989). Collector's corner: 'C' is for Canada. NAVA News, 22(6), 2-3. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1989_v22no6.pdf

Burton, T. (2014). Mystery flag unfurled. Crux Australis, 27(3=111), 115.

Burton, T., & Kelly, R. (1995-1996). New flags of 1994/95. Crux Australis, 11(4=48).

Comores: Drapeau de la république islamique. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (46).

Comores: Nouveau drapeau. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (06/52).

Engene, J. O. (1998). Nye flagg. Nordisk Flaggkontakt (27), 5-12.

Flag Database. (2001-2002). Flags in the news in 2002. Crux Australis, 15(4=64).

GM. (1976). Komory. Vexilologie (21), 291. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm. (1976). Komory. Vexilologie (19), 261, 253. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Komory. (1979). Vexilologie (34), 558, 560. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Neue flaggen. (1995). Der Flaggenkurier (1), 20.

Nye flagg. (1997). Nordisk Flaggkontakt (25).

Philippe, L. (2002). Comores: Compléments. Franciae Vexilla (26/72).

Poels, J. (1996). Jos Poels investigates. Flagmaster (84), 11.

Poels, J. (1996). Other flag news. Flagmaster (82).

Poels, J. (1997). Flag news and ongoing research. Flagmaster (85), 5-10.

S, V. (1976). Komory. Vexilologie (18), 234. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Smith, W. (1994). Recent flags: Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros. The Flag Bulletin, 33(6), 214-230.

Smith, W. (1998). New flags: State of Anjouan. The Flag Bulletin, 37(3), 126-128.

Anjouan Autonomous Island

Calvarin, H. (2002). Comores: Un nouveau drapeau pour la réintégration d'Anjouan. Franciae Vexilla (25/71), 1-3.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Mahoris Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (pp. 1140-1144). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (2002). Anjouanis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 124-128). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Moheli: Le drapeau des sécessionnistes. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (05/51).

Congo, Democratic Republic of the Country

Burton, Tony, and FOTW. 2006. "Democratic Republic of the Congo changes flag” Crux Australis 19 (2=78).

Congo Democratique: Nouveau drapeau. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (42/88).

Constitutional changes: Democratic Republic of Congo. (2006). Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social & Cultural Series, 43(2), 16535.

pex. (2007). Nová vlajka Konžské Demokratické Republiky. Vexi.info, (84), 3. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf84.pdf

Schuurman, W. (2006). Democratische Republiek Congo (nieuwe vlag). Vlaggentijdschrift Vexilla Nostra (248).

Congo, Republic of the Country

Artimovich, N. (1989). Collector's corner: 'C' is for Canada. NAVA News, 22(6), 2-3.

The Congo. (1970). The Flag Bulletin, 9(2).

Congo (Brazzaville): Drapeau national. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (28).

Healy, D. T. (1993). Visual Vexi-Bits. NAVA News, 26(3), 4-5.

Kongo: The dream that failed. (1976). NAVA News, 9(3), 4.

New flags and insignia. (1970). NAVA News, 3(2), 4.

Smith, W. (1992). New flags: Republic of the Congo. The Flag Bulletin, 31(1-2), 8-6.

Cote d'Ivoire Country

Entwicklung des Staatswappens der Republik der Elfenbeinküste / 1960 bis heute (2011). DGF-Informationen (50).

Smith, W. (1961, Mar). Orange in the world's flags. Arma, 13, 303-307.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Anyi Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 146-151). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Ashanti Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 187-192). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Sanwi Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 481-483). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Dahomey French Self-governing Colony

Dahomey, west africa - a late 19th century standard. (1998). Ifulegi, (4), 1-4.

Smith, W. (1992). Notes and errata. The Flag Bulletin, 31(4), 153-154.

Djibouti Country

Artimovich, N. (1990). 'D' is for Dominica, 'E' is for Egypt. NAVA News, 23(1), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1990_v23no1.pdf

GM, & RS. (1977). Džibuti. Vexilologie (26), 404. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm. (1977). Džibuti. Vexilologie (24), 360. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

lm. (1977). Dzibuti. Vexilologie (25), 388. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

lm. (1977). Džibuti. Vexilologie (25), 394. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Tranovskij, O. (1977). Historie vlajek Dzibuti. Vexilologie (25), 366-371. Link

http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (1996). Adal Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 7-9). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Somaliland Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 524-526). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press

Minahan, J. (2002). Afars Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 41-45). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Isaaks Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 806-812). Westport, CT: Westport, CT. Egypt Country

Ahmad Zaki. (1921). Les couleurs nationales de l'Égypte musulmane; Seconde tentative des musulmans sour découvrir l’Amérique; Les Arabes ont-ils connu la maladie du sommeil? Le Cairn, EG: Institut Français d'archéologie orientale.

Amodeo, C. (2005). Geographical flags of the world. Geographical, 77(2), 15.

Amodeo, C. (2005). Geographical flags of the world. Geographical (Campion Interactive Publishing), 77(2), 15.

Artimovich, N. (1990). 'D' is for Dominica, 'E' is for Egypt. NAVA News, 23(1), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1990_v23no1.pdf

Egypt. Diwan Kabir al-Umana. (1947). Protocole. Le Caire, EG: Imprimerie nationale.

Egypt. Diwan Kabir al-Umana. (1952). al-Marasim (Taba`h 2. ed.). al-Ahora, EG: al- Matba`ah al-Amiriyah.

Egypt. Diwan Kabir, a.-U. (1946). al-Marasim. al-Qahirah, EG: al-Matba`ah al-Amiriyah.

Egypt's flag. (2003). Time for Kids: News Scoop Edition, 9(8), 5.

Égypte: Drapeau national. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (3).

jh. (1972). Federace Arabských Republik. Vexilologie (1-3), 95. Link

http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Nota, J. (1979). Egypt. Vexilologie (35), 596. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Smith, W. (1963). United Arab Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 2(4), 41-42.

Smith, W. (2003). 80 years ago: Egypt. The Flag Bulletin (211), 110.

Taymur, A. (1928). Tarikh al-àlam al-Ùthmani. al-Qahirah, EG: Al-Matbaàh al- Salafiyah wa-Maktabatuha.

Utrera Esteban, A. M. (2006). Aproximación a los estandartes en el Antiguo Egipto. El Período Predinástico. Banderas (100).

Walker, R. (1964-1965). The earliest flags. The Flag Bulletin, 4(2), 27-29.

Zaki, A. a.-R. (1948). al-A`lam wa-sharat al-mulk fi Wadi al-Nil: Misr, Dar al-Ma`arif.

Armed forces

Hollander, O. (1904). Les drapeaux et étendards de l'Armée d'Italie et de l'Armée d'Égypte, 1797-1801. Paris, FR: J. Leroy.

Hölzel, R. (1984). Die ägyptische armee von 1922 bis heute. Zeitschrift für Heereskunde, 48(314/315), 133-137.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Copts Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 467-473). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Etiquette

Egypt. Diwan Kabir al-Umana. (1947). Protocole. Le Caire, EG: Imprimerie nationale.

Governorate

Smith, W. (1991). New flags: Governorate of Sawhaj. The Flag Bulletin, 30(5), 181-184.

Political

Burton, T. (2011). Genie out of the bottle: Flags of the Arab revolution. Crux Australis, 24(2=98).

Regions

Usačëv, A. (1979). Egyptske regionální vlajky. Vexilologie (35), 575-579. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Equatorial Guinea Country

Artimovich, N. (1990). 'D' is for Dominica, 'E' is for Egypt. NAVA News, 23(1), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1990_v23no1.pdf

Equatorial Guinea. (1968). The Flag Bulletin, 7(4).

jm. (1979). Rovníková Guinea. Vexilologie (35), 600. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Montells, J. M. (1984). Símbolos nacionales de Guinea Ecuatorial. Banderas (13).

pf. (1977). Rovníková Guinea. Vexilologie (22), 311-313. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

pf. (1978). Rovníková Guinea. Vexilologie (29), 466. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Rodríguez Peñas, T. (1990). Guinea Ecuatorial. Banderas (34).

Rovníková Guinea. (1979). Vexilologie (34), 558. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

US. (1979). Rovníková Guinea. Vexilologie (34), 559, 561, 569. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Bubis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 330-335). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Bioko Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 81-83). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Eritrea Country

Burton, T. (1996-1998). Land of the Red Sea. Crux Australis, 12(2=50).

Eritrea: New version of flag. (1996). Flagmaster (83), 2.

Érythree: Le drapeau de la république. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (38).

Nye flagg (1996). Nordisk Flaggkontakt (23), 5-6, 8-9.

Smith, W. (1993). Flag news and notes. The Flag Bulletin, 32(4), 176-182.

Smith, W. (1996). New flags: State of Eritrea. The Flag Bulletin, 35(3), 108-123.

Armed forces

Ziggioto, A. (1979). I gagliardetti delle truppe eritree. Vexilla Italica, 6(=13), 24-25.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Afars Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 41-45). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Tigreans Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1896-1901). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Adal Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 7-9). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Afars Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 41-45). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

French Southern and Antarctic Lands French Overseas Territory

Neue Flaggen: Französische Süd- und Antarktisgebiete (2007). DGF-Informationen (57).

Ethiopia Country

Artimovich, N. (1990). 'D' is for Dominica, 'E' is for Egypt. NAVA News, 23(1), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1990_v23no1.pdf

Bartlett, R. (1988). New Flags: Ethiopia. Crux Australis, 4(4=20).

Burton, T. (1996-1998). A new start for the lion kingdom. Crux Australis, 12(2=50).

Chojnacki, S. (1963). Some notes on the history of the Ethiopian National Flag. Journal of Ethiopian Studies, 1(2), 49-63.

Coppet, M. d. (1930). Le drapeau Ethiopien. In G. Sellassié, T. Sellassié & M. d. Coppet (Eds.), Chronique du règne de Minelli II, roi des rois d'Éthiopie (Vol. 2 appendix 12). Paris, FR: Maisonneuve frères.

Ethiopie: drapeau national. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (15).

Éthiopie: drapeau national. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (13).

Éthiopie: nouveau drapeau. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (03/49).

Éthiopie: nouveau drapeau. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (04/50).

Ex Africa semper aliquid moví. (1996). Flagmaster (83), 1-2.

Exner, P. (2000). Etiopské regionální vlajky. Vexi.info, (48+), 1-3. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf48p.pdf

Healy, D. T. (1996). New flag of Ethiopia. New England Journal of Vexillology, (3). www.vexman.net/neva/NEJV03.pdf

Hurtado Maqueda, J. (2001). Pueblos, lenguas, regiones y banderas de Etiopía. Banderas (81). jm. (1975). Etiopie. Vexilologie (17), 216-217. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm jm. (1976). Etiopie. Vexilologie (18), 241, 230. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm jm. (1976). Etiopie. Vexilologie (20), 279. Link http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/bib-mru.html#mry76p jm. (1978). Etiopie. Vexilologie (29), 463, 470. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm jm. (1978). Etiopie. Vexilologie (29), 465, 470. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Martucci, D. B. (1996). The new flag of Ethiopia. The New England Journal of Vexillology (3). Link http://www.vexman.net/neva/NEJV03.pdf

Morié, L. J. (1904). Histoire de l'Éthiopie (Nubie et Abyssinie), depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours. Paris, FR: A. Challamel.

Nye flagg (1996). Nordisk Flaggkontakt (23), 5-6, 8-9. pex. (2010). Legislativa tykajici se vlajky Etiopie. Vexi.info, (109), 4. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf109.pdf

Poels, J. (1996). Nieuw embleem op vlag van Ethiopië. Vlaggentijdschrift Vexilla Nostra (207).

Poels, J. (1996). Other flag news. Flagmaster (82).

RS. (1979). Ethiopie. Vexilologie (35), 598. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Smith, W. (1996). Twentieth century flags and arms of Ethiopia. The Flag Bulletin, 35(4), 144-180.

Usačëv, A. (1977). Ethiopie. Vexilologie (25), 392.

Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Zervos, A. (1936). Les emblemes et insignesnationaux de l'Ethiopie L'empire d’Ethiopie: Le hirió de l'Ethiopie moderne, 1906-1935 (pp. 29-31).

Armed forces

Ziggioto, A. (1979). I gagliardetti delle truppe eritree. Vexilla Italica, 6(=13), 24-25.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Afars Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 41-45). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Amhara Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 103-108). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Oromos Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1468-1473). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Tigreans Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1896-1901). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Western Somalis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 2065-2070). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Oromia. (1996). Flagmaster (84), 10.

Minahan, J. (1996). Adal Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 7-9). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Oromia Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 428-430). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Tigre Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 570-572). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Western Somalia Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 617-619). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Afars Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 41-45). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Gabon Country

Artimovich, N. (1990). 'F' is for Finland, 'G' is for Guyana. NAVA News, 23(3), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1990_v23no3.pdf

Pither, M. (1961). Instruction civique: de l'hymne et Drapeau. (14), 75.

Gaban Country

Artimovich, N. (1990). 'F' is for Finland, 'G' is for Guyana. NAVA News, 23(3), 2.

Pither, M. (1961). Instruction civique: de l'hymne et drapeau. (14), 75.

Gambia Country

Artimovich, N. (1990). 'F' is for Finland, 'G' is for Guyana. NAVA News, 23(3), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1990_v23no3.pdf

Gambia. (1965). The Flag Bulletin, 4(3), 37.

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology, part 1. (2000). Ifulegi, (7), 1-4.

Smith, W. (1965). New flags -- The Gambia. The Flag Bulletin, 4(3), 37.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Casamancais Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 396-401). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

German East Africa German Colony

Mosley, L. (1989). The end of German East Africa. Crux Australis, 5(1=21).

Guinea Country

Smith, W. (1962). New flags of Portuguese Africa. The Flag Bulletin, 1(3), 21-22.

Touré, A. S. (1961). Les symboles de la Republique de Guinee et de l'indépendance d'une Afrique unie Expérience guinéenne et unité Africanicé. Paris, FR: Présence Africaine

Guinea-Bissau Country

Guinea-Bissau. (1973). The Flag Bulletin, 12(4).

lm. (1976). Guiea - Bissau. Vexilologie(21), 296, 290.

lm. (1977). Malgassko; Guinea-Bissau. Vexilologie(23), 336, 335.

Kenya Country

Amodeo, C. (2005). Geographical flags of the world: Kenya. Geographical (Campion Interactive Publishing), 77(8), 9.

Artimovich, N. (1990). 'J' is for Jamaica, 'K' is for Kuwait. NAVA News, 23(5), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1990_v23no5.pdf

Our national flag and coat of arms. (1974). Nairobi, KE: East African Pub. House.

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology, part 1. (2000). Ifulegi, (7), 1-4.

Smith, W. (1963-1964). New flags: Kenya Zambia. The Flag Bulletin, 3(2), 20.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Maasai Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (pp. 1122-1128). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Oromos Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1468-1473). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Western Somalis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 2065-2070). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Masailand Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 353-355). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Smith, W. (1963-1964). New flags: Kenya Zambia. The Flag Bulletin, 3(2), 20.

Lesotho Country

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'L' is for Lebanon. NAVA News, 24(1), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no1.pdf

Burton, T. (2006). Changing the flag: lessons from Lesotho. Crux Australis, 19(4=80).

Burton, T. (2006). Lesotho's new flag. Crux Australis, 19(4=80).

Edwards, J. (1987). New flags: Lesotho. Crux Australis, 3(3=15).

Exner, P. (2006). Nová vlajka Lesotha. Vexi.info, (88), 2. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf88.pdf

Lesotho. (1967). The Flag Bulletin, 6(1-2).

Lesotho (2006). Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social & Cultural Series, 43(10), 16822.

Lesotho: Drapeau national. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (10).

Lesotho: Drapeau national. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (12).

Lesotho: Nouveau drapeau. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (51/97).

Lesotho's new flag, 1987. (1987). Flagscan, 2(4), 12.

Neue flaggen. (2007). DGF-Informationen (17).

Neue Flaggen: Lesotho; Adscharien (Georgien)/(Korrektur); Piauí (Brasilien). (2006). DGF-Informationen (15).

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology. Part II. (2000). Ifulegi, (8).

Cities and towns

Harrington, K. (1998). Vexilliana: NAVA news books at the world's vexillological journals and newsletters. NAVA News, 31(2), 7.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Zulus Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 2114-2119). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Government

Berry, B. (2009). Royal standards of Southern Africa Proceedings: The XIX International Congress of Vexillology, York 23-27 July 2001 (pp. 21-26). London, GB: The Flag Institute.

Liberia Country

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'L' is for Lebanon. NAVA News, 24(1), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no1.pdf

Cesak, J. (1975). Women and flags: A never outmoded fashion. NAVA News, 8(1), 2-3. Link http://nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1975_v8no1.pdf

Flag of Liberia. (1974). NAVA News, 7(1), 1. Link http://nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1974_v7no1.pdf

Graff, G. d. (1968). Flags over Liberia. In L. Mühlemann (Ed.), Recueil du IIe congrès international de vexillologie, Zürich 1967 (pp. 122-128, 188-195). Zurich, CH: Société Suisse de Vexillologie.

Graff, G. d. (1973). Flags over Liberia. The Flag Bulletin, 12(1).

Henries, A. D. B. (1974). The Liberian flag. Monrovia, LR: Henries.

Johnston, H. (1906). Flags and seal of the Republic of Liberia Liberia (Vol. 1, pp. 218- 223). London, GB: Hutchinson & Co.

Liberia (2008). Vlag!(2), 8.

Liberia today; Flag Day. (1952, November). Negro History Bulletin, 16, 40.

Libya Country

abr. (1972). Federace Arabských Republik. Vexilologie (4), 110-111. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Actueel: Libië & Zuid-Soedan. (2011). Vlag!(8), 11.

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'L' is for Lebanon. NAVA News, 24(1), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no1.pdf

jh. (1972). Federace Arabských Republik. Vexilologie (1-3), 95. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Klimeš, R. (2011). Symbole von Libyen 1949 - 2011. Der Flaggenkurier (34), 5-15.

Kurasov, J. M. (1978). Libye. Vexilologie (27), 425-426. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Libya. (1970). The Flag Bulletin, 9(1).

Libyen (2011). DGF-Informationen (47).

pf. (1979). Libye. Vexilologie (35), 599. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Schuurman, W. (2013). Libië. Vlag!(12), 22-23.

Smith, W. (1999). Black & white. NAVA News, 32(1-2), 4-5. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1999_vol32no1-2.pdf

Smith, W. (2000). The flag of the Arab Islamic Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 39(5=195), 206-208.

Smith, W. (2001). 50 years ago: Libya. The Flag Bulletin, 40(5=201), 228.

Ziggioto, A. (1988). Lo stemma coloniale della Libia. Vexilla Italica, 14(2=24), 46-47.

Zur libyschen Flagge (2012). DGF-Informationen (51).

Cities and Towns

Libye: Tripoli, la période 1551-1912. (1999). Franciae Vexilla (15/61).

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Copts Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 467-473). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Sanussis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1654-1660). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Tuaregs Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1922-1927). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Pirates

Barbour, N. (1998). Pirates or privateers? Flag usage and "the Barbary states". The Flag Bulletin, 37(1=179), 2-15.

Political

Burton, T. (2011). Genie out of the bottle: Flags of the Arab revolution. Crux Australis, 24(2=98).

Libye: La Libye en révolte (1911-1999). (1999). Franciae Vexilla (13/59).

Madagascar Country

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'M' is for Mali. NAVA News, 24(2), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no2.pdf

The flag of the Kingdom of Madagascar 1863. (1998). Ifulegi, (3), 1-4.

jm. (1979). Madagaskar. Vexilologie (34), 566-567. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

lm. (1977). Malgassko; Guinea-Bissau. Vexilologie (23), 336, 335. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Merina Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1231-1236). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Government

Berry, B. (2009). Royal standards of Southern Africa Proceedings: The XIX International Congress of Vexillology, York 23-27 July 2001 (pp. 21-26). London, GB: The Flag Institute. Link http://www.flaginstitute.org/pdfs/Bruce%20Berry.pdf

Madeira Portuguese Autonomous Region

Durán Rodríguez, A. (1995). Portugal: Ultramar. Banderas (54).

GM. (1977). Madeira. Vexilologie (25), 386, 389. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Pedersen, R. N. (1992). Madeira One Europe, 100 nations (pp. 65). Clevedon, GB: Channel View Books.

Tracchia, G. (1991). Flag of the archipelago of Madeira. NAVA News, 24(4), 5. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no4.pdf

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Madeirans Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1135-1139). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Madeira Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 337-339). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Malawi Country

Abelson, N. O. (1964, Dec 16). Three New flags are raised. Secretariat news, 17, 3.

Abelson, N. O. (1965). Three new flags are raised. The Annin banner, 2(3), 4.

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'M' is for Mali. NAVA News, 24(2), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no2.pdf

Burgos, F. (2012). Africa, una nueva era (ii). Banderas (121).

Burton, T. (2011). Risen sun raises temperature Crux Australis, 24(1=97).

Exner, P. (2010). Nová vlajka Malawi. Vexi.info, (110), 2. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf110.pdf

Faul, M. (2011). Malawi - A New Flag on the Lake. Crux Australis, 24(1=97).

Malawi ändert seine Flagge (2010). DGF-Informationen (43).

Malawi: Le Malawi veut modifier son drapeau national. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (57/103).

Malawi wird wieder zur Nationalflagge aus der Zeit der Unabhängigkeit des Landes 1964 zurückkehren. . (2012). DGF-Informationen (54).

New flags (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 3(4), 47-48, 50, 58, 63.

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology, part 1. (2000). Ifulegi, (7), 1-4.

Schuurman, W. (2012). Onafhankelijkheidsvlag in ere hersteld. Vlag! (11), 12.

Schuurman, W., & Okkerse, T. (2010). Nieuwe vlag voor Malawi. Vlag! (6), 9-10.

Smith, W. (1964). New flags. The Flag Bulletin, 3(4), 47-48, 50, 58, 63.

Mauritania Country

Abelson, N. O. (1961, Dec 15). Banners in the breeze. Secretariat news, 1, 10.

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'M' is for Mali. NAVA News, 24(2), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no2.pdf

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Tuaregs Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1922-1927). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Burton, T. (2011). Genie out of the bottle: Flags of the Arab revolution. Crux Australis, 24(2=98).

Mauritius Country

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'M' is for Mali. NAVA News, 24(2), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no2.pdf

Mauritius. (1972). The Flag Bulletin, 11(4).

Smith, W. (1993). Conch Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 32(2), 88-98.

Autonomous outer island

Neue flaggen. (2004). DGF-Informationen (1).

Mayotte French Overseas Department

jm. (1977). Mayotte. Vexilologie (23), 333.

Mayotte: Les armoiries. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (05/51).

Melilla Spanish Autonomous City

Neue Flaggen. (1996). Der Flaggenkurier (2), 33-34.

Schuurman, W. (2002). De wapens en vlaggen van Ceuta en Mellita. Vlaggentijdschrift Vexilla Nostra (234).

Morocco Country

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'M' is for Mali. NAVA News, 24(2), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no2.pdf

Smith, W. (2000). The flag of the Arab Islamic Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 39(5=195), 206-208.

Armed forces

Amador de los Ríos, R. (1893). Trofeos militares de la reconquista. Estudio acerca de las enseñas musulmanas del real monasterio de Las Huelgas (Burgos) y de la catedral de Toledo Madrid, ES: Estab. tip. de Fortanet.

Amador de los Ríos, R. (1992). La bandera del Salado. Banderas (43).

López de Montenegro, I. (1990). Pendón moro. Banderas (37).

Manzano Lahoz, A. (1988). Las fuerzas jalifianas. Banderas (29).

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Riffians Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1587-1593). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Sahrawis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1623-1629). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Pirates

Barbour, N. (1998). Pirates or privateers? Flag usage and "the Barbary states". The Flag Bulletin, 37(1=179), 2-15.

Political

Burton, T. (2011). Genie out of the bottle: Flags of the Arab revolution. Crux Australis, 24(2=98).

Minahan, J. (1996). Rif Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 456-458). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Sahrawi Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 468-470). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Region

Serrano Rodríguez, L. A., & Panizo Gómez, E. (1979). La República del Rif. Banderas (1-2).

Mozambique Country

Amodeo, C. (2005). Geographical flags of the world: Mozambique. Geographical (Campion Interactive Publishing), 77(10), 11.

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'M' is for Mali. NAVA News, 24(2), 2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no2.pdf

Burgos, F. (2012). Africa, una nueva era (IV). Banderas (123).

Burton, T. (1991). Vexinews. Crux Australis, 7(3=31).

Martykán, J. (1975). Státní symboly Mosambické Lidové Republiky. Vexilologie (16), 186-187, 185.

Mozambique. (1974). The Flag Bulletin, 13(5).

Smith, W. (1991). Flag news and notes. The Flag Bulletin, 30(5), 185-190.

Wines, M. (2005). Symbols are important. So what does a gun symbolize? New York Times, 155(53360), A4.

Political

Smith, W. (1962). New flags of Portuguese Africa. The Flag Bulletin, 1(3), 21-22.

Namibia Country

Artimovich, N. (1991). 'N' is for Norway, 'O' is for Oman. NAVA News, 24(4), 1-2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1991_v24no4.pdf

Bartlett, R. (1990). New flags: Namibia. Crux Australis, 6(2=26).

Brownell, F. G. (1992). Symbols for Namibia. The Flag Bulletin, 31(1-2), 40-54.

Brownell, F. G. (1995). The Damara flag of 1864. The Flag Bulletin, 34(5), 192-200.

Edwards, J. (1985-1986). New flags: Namibia. Crux Australis, 2(4=10).

Fojtík, P. (1976). Vlajky svobody. Vexilologie (18), 219-229, 232-233. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm. (1978). Namibie. Vexilologie (29), 469. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Namibia. (1974). The Flag Bulletin, 13(5).

Our national flag: Our free nation - Namibia. (1990). NA.

Sala, G. (1990). Il notiziario. Vexilla Italica, 16(2), 35-42.

Smith, W. (1990). Notes. The Flag Bulletin, 29(2), 79-80.

Smith, W. (1992). Other flags of Namibia. The Flag Bulletin, 31(1-2), 55-66.

Cities and Towns

Smith, W. (1994). New flags: Walvis Bay. The Flag Bulletin, 33(5), 204.

Ethnic

Exner, P. (2008). Noví členové UNPO (2007) - 2. část. Vexi.info, (97), 3. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf97.pdf

Minahan, J. (2002). Basters Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the wo (Vol. 1, pp. 290-295). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Lozis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (pp. 1115-1121). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Government

Namibie: Drapeau du Président de la République. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (28).

Political

jm. (1978). Namibie. Vexilologie (29), 469, 470. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Nambie: Drapeau des partis politiques. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (4).

Namibie: Drapeau des partis politiques. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (5).

Niger Country

Nigera Country

Niger: Drapeau national. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (11).

Smith, W. (1961, Mar). Orange in the world's flags. Arma, 13, 303-307.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Azawad Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 51-53). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Northern Rhodesia Self-governing British Crown Colony

Coming up: 100th anniversary of the death of Cecil Rhodes: his vexillological legacy. (2001). Ifulegi, (11), 1-4.

Orange Free State Country

Ward, K. (1987). The Flag and Seal of the Former Republic of Orange Free State. Crux Australis, 3(2=14).

Rwanda Country

Abelson, N. O. (1962, Oct 31). The vexillological explosion. Secretariat news, 16, 3-4.

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'R' is for Rhodesia. NAVA News, 25(3), 1-2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no3.pdf

Exner, P. (2002). Vlajka Nadeje. Vexi.info, (59+), 1-4. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf59p.pdf

Grahl, G. (1962). New flags The Flag Bulletin, 2(1), 1-2.

Rwanda: Nouveau drapeau. (2002). Franciae Vexilla (25/71).

Rwanda: Projet. (1999). Franciae Vexilla (15/61).

Rwanda: Projet de nouveau drapeau. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (10/56).

Schuurman, W. (2003). Nieuwe symbolen zijn een nieuw gezicht voor Rwanda. Vlaggentijdschrift Vexilla Nostra (237).

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Twa Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1941-1945). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Government

Neue Flaggen (2007). DGF-Informationen (22).

Political

Smith, W. (1963). Political symbols in Rwanda. The Flag Bulletin, 2(4).

Reunion French Overseas Region

Exner, P. (2003). Vlajka Ostrova Réunion (Francie). Vexi.info, (67), 3. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf67.pdf

Reunion (France): Les emblèmes de la Réunion. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (51/97).

Reunion: Le drapeau culturel. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (18/64).

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Reunionese Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1576-1580). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Sahara Arab Democratic Republic Country

Smith, W. (1992). New flags: Sahara Arab Democratic Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 31(1- 2), 38-39.

St. Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha British Overseas Territory

Exner, P. (2002). Nová vlajka ostrova Tristan da Cunha. Vexi.info, (64), 3. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf64.pdf

Neu: Flagge und Wappen von Ascension Island (2012). DGF-Informationen (54).

SaoTome and Principe Country

abr. (1978). Ostrov Svatého Tomáše a Princúv ostrova. Vexilologie (29), 462. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'S' is for Saudi Arabia. NAVA News, 25(4), 6-7. Link

http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no4.pdf

lm. (1977). Svay Tomáš a Princuv Ostrova. Vexilologie (26), 413, 411. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Martykán, J. (1975). Ostrov Svatého Tomaše a Princův Ostrov. Vexilologie (16), 188- 189, 185. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

RS. (1974). Sao Tomé a Príncipe. Vexilologie (13), 142. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Schuurman, W. (2013). São Tomé en Principe. Vlag! (12), 22.

WB. (1979). Svatý Tomáš a Princův ostrov. Vexilologie (34), 561. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Senegal Country

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'S' is for Saudi Arabia. NAVA News, 25(4), 6-7.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Casamancais Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 396-401). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Casamance Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 108-110). Greenwood Press: Greenwood Press.

Phillippe, L. (2009). The Flags of the political parties of Senegal Proceedings: The XIX International Congress of Vexillology, York 23-27 July 2001 (pp. 237-247). London, GB: The Flag Institute.

Seychelles Country

All change in the Seychelles: New flags for a new regime. (1996). Flagmaster (82), 5-6.

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'S' is for Saudi Arabia. NAVA News, 25(4), 6-7. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no4.pdf

Fojtík, P. (1976). Vlajky svobody. Vexilologie (18), 219-229, 232-233. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Gurtman, C. S. (1996). New flag of Seychelles. The New England Journal of Vexillology, (3). http://www.vexman.net/neva/NEJV03.pdf

jm. (1976). Seychelles. Vexilologie (19), 261-262. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm. (1977). Seychely. Vexilologie (26), 408. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm. (1978). Seychely. Vexilologie (27), 426-427. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm, & gm. (1976). Seychely. Vexilologie (20), 277-278. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

juk. (1977). Seychely. Vexilologie (25), 394. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

lm. (1979). Seychely. Vexilologie (34), 367. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

lm, & pp. (1976). Seychely. Vexilologie (21), 298, 291. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

More flags then sea shells? Flags of the Seychelles Republic. (1999). Ifulegi, (6), 1-4.

Nye flagg (1996). Nordisk Flaggkontakt (23), 5-6, 8-9.

pf. (1977). Seychely. Vexilologie (25), 386, 389.

Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Seychelles: Historique et nouveau drapeau. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (03/49).

Smith, W. (1995). Flag news and notes. The Flag Bulletin, 34(6), 240-243.

Smith, W. (1996). Flag news and notes. The Flag Bulletin, 35(6), 239-253.

Strachan, R., & Burton, T. (2010). Flags of Seychelles. Crux Australis, 23(1=93).

Sierra Leone Country

Abelson, N. O. (1961, Dec 15). Banners in the breeze. Secretariat news, 1, 10.

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'S' is for Saudi Arabia. NAVA News, 25(4), 6-7. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no4.pdf

Sierra Leone. National Commission for Democracy and Human Rights. (2002). The national symbols of Sierra Leone: An interpretation. Freetown, SL: The Author.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Leonese Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1079-1083). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Somalia Country

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'S' is for Saudi Arabia. NAVA News, 25(4), 6-7. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no4.pdf

Martykán, J. (2012). Bandiere sulla Somalia. Vexilla Italica, 39(2=74), 81-101.

Martykán, J. (2014). Somalia - Ein Land, viele Interessen, viele Flaggen. Der Flaggenkurier (39), 2-17.

Somalie: Compléments sur l'Ogaden. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (32/78).

Somalie: La Somalie dans l'anarchie. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (29/75).

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Majerteens Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1145-1150). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Somaliland Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 524-526). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Western Somalia Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 617-619). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

States

Flaggen der Gebiete Somalias (2012). DGF-Informationen (55).

Martykán, J. (2003). Somalsko - federace nebo definitivni rozpad? Vexi.info, (69+), 1-2.

Neue Flaggen: Afrikanische Union, Französisch-Guyana, Puntland (2010). DGF-Informationen (41).

Schuurman, W. (2010). Puntland heeft nu officiële symbolen. Vlag! (7), 14.

Puntland (Somalie): Région autonome. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (11/57).

Somaliland Country

Flags of Palau, Abkhazia, Somaliland, Wallis. (1995). The New England Journal of Vexillology (1). Link http://www.vexman.net/neva/NEJV01.pdf

Martykán, J. (2003). Somalsko - federace nebo definitivni rozpad? Vexi.info, (69+), 1-2.

Poels, J. (1997). Flag news and ongoing research. Flagmaster (85), 5-10.

Smith, W. (1992). New flags: Somaliland Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 31(1-2), 24-29.

Smith, W. (1993). Conch Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 32(2), 88-98.

Somaliland. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (06/52).

Somalliland (Sumarie): Drapeau de la république sécessionniste. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (44).

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Isaaks Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 806-812). Westport, CT: Westport, CT.

South Africa Country

Afrique du Sud: Le nouveau drapeau. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (40).

Afrique du Sud: Nouvelles armes. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (21/61).

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'S' is for Saudi Arabia. NAVA News, 25(4), 6-7. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no4.pdf

Barnes, L. (2010). About our country, South Africa. Gallo Manor, ZA: Awareness Pub.

Beckett, D. (2002). Flying with pride: The story of the South African flag. Pretoria, ZA: WildNet Africa.

Beckett, D. (2002). Flying with pride: the story of the South African flag. Rivonia, ZA: Future Publishing (Pty) Limited.

Berry, B., Brownell, F. G., de Waal, D., & Stylianides, T. (1994). Creating an interim flag for South Africa. The Flag Bulletin, 33(3=158), 82-123.

Brancatelli, J. (1994). New nations. Travel Holiday, 177(6), 22.

Breytenbach, L. (1999). Contemporary South African design inspired by post-apartheid flag. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world: Proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology: Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 9-18 plates 13-16). Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillological Association.

Brownell, F. G. (1987). Historical flags of South Africa. In Sociedad Española de Vexilología (Ed.), Comunicaciones: XI Congreso Internacional de Vexilología, Madrid, 26-31 mayo 1985 (pp. 308-314). Barcelona, ES: The Editor.

Brownell, F. G. (1993). National and provincial symbols and flora and fauna emblems of the Republic of South Africa. Melville, ZA: C. van Rensburg Publications.

Brownell, F. G. (1996). National symbols of the Republic of South Africa = Nasionale simbole van die Republiek van Suid-Afrika (2 nd. ed.). Melville, ZA: Chris van Rensburg Publications.

Brownell, F. G. (1999). The cartoonist's view of the South African national flag. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world: Proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology: Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 19-27 plates 17-10). Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillological Association.

Brownell, F. G. (2011). Flagging the "new" South Africa, 1910-2010. Historia, 56(1), 42- 62.

Brownell, F. G. (2011). Flagging the new South Africa, 1910-2010.

Brownell, H. (1999). Flags and the law in South Africa. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world: Proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology: Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 28-36 plate 11). Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillological Association.

Burgers, A. P. (1999). Sovereign flags over South Africa from 1488 to 1994. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world : proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology : Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 37-49 plates 12-14). Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillological Association.

Burton, T., & Kelly, R. (1995-1996). New flags of 1994/95. Crux Australis, 11(4=48).

Butler, H. S. (1957). The Union Jack.

Carr, H. G. (1945). South Africa's flags. The Trident, 7(77).

Edwards, J. (1985-1986). New flags: South Africa. Crux Australis, 2(4=10).

The first emblems of unity: A little something for everyone. (1994, May 8). New York Times, p. E9. Fisher, I. (1999). South Africa Is updating its symbols and self-image, but gingerly. New York Times, 149(51650), 20.

Fitzpatrick, P., Sir. (1928). The flag and good faith. Cape Town, ZA: Cape Times Ltd.

Flag question. (1928). Round Table (London), 18, 442-446.

The flying of the national flag of the Union. (1958). Arma, 65-67.

For the sake of South Africa. (1927, May 21). Spectator, 138, 892.

Gerard, R. (1952). Flags over South Africa. Pretoria, ZA: Pretoria Technical College.

Godée Molsbergen, E. C. (1911). Hoe de Oranje-Vrijstaters hun vlag en wapen kregen. Haarlem, NL.

Jenkins, E. (2004). Symbols of nationhood. Braamfontein, ZA: South African Institute of Race Relations.

LeRoux, J. H. (1979). Patrick Duncan se rol in die vlaggeskil, 1925-1927. South African Historical Journal (11), 74-90.

Maccullough, A. (1908, March). Flags for South Africa. English Review 44, 331-339.

Malan, D. (1960). South African nationality and flag. In D. W. Krüger (Ed.), South African parties and policies, 1910-1960: A select source book (pp. 122-144). London, GB: Bowes and Bowes.

Malan, D. (1960). South African nationality and flag. In D. W. Krüger (Ed.), South African parties and policies, 1910-1960; a select source book (pp. 122-144). Cape Town, ZA: Human & Roussean

Maud, P. (1974). Thomas Boydell and the flag issue, 1926-1929. (B.A. (Honors)), University of Natal, Durban, ZA.

Merrington, P. (1999). The 1910 Union of South Africa national flag competition. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world: Proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology: Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 91-98). Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillological Association.

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O'Brien, W. J. (1927). Speeches in Parliament on The Flag Bill, The Budget and The Indian agreement. Pietermaritzburg, ZA: City Printing Works.

Pama, C. (1957). Die unievlag: Sy oorsprong betekenis en gebruik. Johannesburg, ZA: Nasionale Boekhandel.

Pama, C. (1960). Simbole van die unid. Kaapstad, ZA: M. Miller.

Pama, C. (1962). De symbolen van de Republiek. ZA: Suid-Afrika.

Pama, C. (1962, Jul/Aug.). De symbolen van de republiek Zuid-Afrika 103-106.

Pama, C. (1965). Lions and virgins; heraldic state symbols, coats-of-arms, flags, seals and other symbols of authority in South Africa, 1487-1962. Cape Town, ZA: Human & Rousseau.

Pama, C. (1973). Flags in South Africa in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Paper presented at the International Congress of Vexillology. September 13-18, 1973, London, UK.

Pama, C. (1976). Die vlae van onus land. Kaapstad, ZA: Tafelberg.

Pama, C. (1984). Die vlae van Suider-Afrika (1ste uitg. ed.). Kaapstad, ZA: Tafelberg.

Partridge, A. C. (1966). The story of our South African flag. Cape Town, ZA: Purnell.

Pelliza, M. A. (1900). El Sol del Escudo Nacional y la restauración de los Incas. : Buenos Aires, AR.

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Price, N. (1978). Aspects of the political career of J.S. Marwick. (B.A. Hons.-History), University of Natal, Durban, ZA.

Punt, W., & Ploeger, J. (1961, May). Age-old republican ideal realized. South African panorama, 2-10.

Rault, P. (1994). The South African flag of 1928-1994. The Flag Bulletin, 33(1), 2-39.

Recent events in the world of flags. (1995). Flagmaster (79), 11.

Rossum, M. C. v. (1999). The design and registration of flags in South African Bureau of Heraldry. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world: Proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology: Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 118-126 plates 127-129). Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillological Association.

Saker, H. (1980). The South African flag controversy, 1925-1928. Cape Town, ZA: Oxford University Press.

Sala, G. (1992). Il notiziario. Vexilla Italica, 19(1), 23-26.

SAVA, & Flagmaster. (1994). South Africa: yesterday, today and tomorrow. Crux Australis, 10(3=43).

Schuurman, W. (2002). Knew staatswapen voor Zuid-Afrika. Vlaggentijdschrift Vexilla Nostra (233).

75th anniversary of South Africa's first flag debate 1925-1927. (2000). Ifulegi, (9 & 10), 1-8.

Smith, W. (1961, Mar). Orange in the world's flags. Arma, 13, 303-307.

Smith, W. (1990). Notes. The Flag Bulletin, 29(1), 25-31.

Smith, W. (1992). New flags: South Africa. The Flag Bulletin, 31(1-2).

Smith, W. (1993). Flag news and notes. The Flag Bulletin, 32(5), 214-216.

Smith, W. (1994). New flags: Republic of South Africa. The Flag Bulletin, 33(5), 174-200.

South Africa. (2006). Geographical 78(4), 9.

South Africa. Bureau of Heraldry, South Africa. Directorate State Archives and Heraldic Services, & South Africa. Government Archives Service. (1994). Index to local and regional authorities which have registered arms, badges, flags and seals with the Bureau of Heraldry / Indeks op plaaslike besture en streeksowerhede wat wapens, kentekens, valet en seëls by die Buro vir Heraldiek geregistreer het / in die Buro vir Heraldiek saamgestel. Pretoria, ZA: State Archives Service.

South Africa. Bureau of Heraldry, & South Africa. State Archives and Heraldic Services. (1992). Index to local and regional authorities which have registered arms, badges, flags and seals with the Bureau of Heraldry: As at 1991-12-31. Pretoria, ZA: Govt. Archives Service.

South Africa. Flags from the Houses of Parliament. Select Committee on the Official Flying of. (1928). First report from the Select Committee on the Official Flying of Flags from the Houses of Parliament.

South Africa. Parliament. (1928). Offisiële ontplooiing van die vlae van die Unie op die Parlementshuis deur Sy Eksellensie die Goewerneur-generaal (Generaal-Majoor Sy Eksellensie die Graaf van Athlone). Kaapstad, ZA: S.A. Electric Drukkery.

South Africa. Parliament. House of Assembly. Select Committee on the South African Nationality and Flag Bill. (1927). Report of the Select Committee on the South African Nationality and Flag Bill. Cape Town, ZA: Cape Times, Ltd.

South African flag. (1926, Dec 18). Spectator, 137, 1102.

South African flag change urged. (1988). Flagscan, 3(2), 7.

Steinmeyer, J. (1961). The history and significance of the South African flag. The Flag Bulletin, 3(1).

Stern, M. F. (1962). The flags of South Africa. The Flag Bulletin, 1(4), 27-29.

Stern, M. F. (1963). The flags of South Africa (part 2). The Flag Bulletin, 2(3), 35-36.

Strijdom, J. G. (1960). The national flag. In D. W. Krüger (Ed.), South African parties and policies, 1910-1960: A select source book (pp. 215-222). London, GB: Bowes and Bowes.

Tracchia, G. (1993). South Africans fight over national symbols. NAVA News, 26(6), 8.

Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1993_v26no6.pdf

Ward, K. (1987). The Flag and Seal of the Former Republic of Orange Free State. Crux Australis, 3(2=14).

Vexinotes - various newspaper articles and news items (2009). Crux Australis, 21(3=91).

Armed forces

Afrique du Sud: Drapeau des forces armées. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (4).

Berry, B. B., & Watson, E. (2004). Fags of the South African Department of Defence — 1994 and beyond. In J. O. Engene (Ed.), Proceedings of the XX International Congress of Vexillology, Stockholm, 27th July to 1st August 2003 (pp. 57-72). Bergen, NO: Nordic Flag Society.

Brownell, F. G. (2001). Flags of the uniformed and other services in the former aferican "homelands" of South Africa. In K. Harrington (Ed.), Flags from sea to sea : the proceedings of the XVIII International Congress of Vexillology, Victoria, B.C., Canada, July 28-Aug. 3, 1999 (Vol. C, pp. 9-18). Toronto, ON: Canadian Flag Association.

Burgers, A. P. (2001). Vexillology and the Anglo-Boer war - Boer flags. In K. Harrington (Ed.), Flags from sea to sea : the proceedings of the XVIII International Congress of Vexillology, Victoria, B.C., Canada, July 28-Aug. 3, 1999 (Vol. C, pp. 27-38). Toronto, ON: Canadian Flag Association.

Curson, H. H. (1948). Colours and honours in South Africa, 1783-1948. Pretoria, ZA: Wallachs' P. & P. Co.

Fourie, D. (1999). Regimental colours in South Africa 1652 - 1994. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world: Proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology: Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 50-75 plates 15-16). Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillological Association.

Hulme, J. J. (1960, Mar). Some early colours of the Cape Colony volunteers. Africana notes and news, 14, 24-26.

Hulme, J. J. (1962, Jun). Colours of some Cape colonial military units in the 19th century. Arma, 412-415.

Smith, H. H. (1980). Army, air force and naval colours and flags in South Africa: 1652- 1978 and the badges of the ships of the South African Navy.

Smith, H. H. (1998). South African military colours: 1664 to 26 May 1994 1 Introduction and South African military colours: 1664 to 30 June 1912. Pinegowrie, ZA: SAVA.

Smith, H. H. (1999). South African military colours : 1664 to 26 May 1994/ 2,1 Pt. 2, Military colours of the Union Defence Forces and South African Defence Force ; Vol. 1 : 1 July 1912 to 30 May 1961. Pinegowrie, ZA: SAVA.

Smith, H. H. (2005). South African military colours : 1664 to 26 May 1994/ 2,2 Pt. 2, Military colours of the Union Defence Forces and South African Defence Force ; Vol. 2. Colours devised for the Commandos of the South African Defence Forces prior to World War II : 1 July 1912 to 30 May 1961. Pinegowrie, ZA: SAVA.

South Africa. (1987). ARMA (118), 1712.

South African Defence Forces Intelligence Corps. (1988). ARMA (123-4), 1849.

South African Police flag. (1981). NAVA News, 15(4), 10. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1981_v14no4.pdf

Velasco Quiroga, H. (1969). La bandera de los Andes (2nd ed.). Mendoza, AR: Gobierno de la Provincia de Mendoza.

Venda. (1988). ARMA (123-4), 1849.

Cities and Towns

Croft, J. (1997). Flags at the Cape. NAVA News, 30(4), 4-5. Link http://www.flaggenkunde.de/veroeffentlichungen/11-17.htm

Harrington, K. (1989). Flag of the Republic of Hout Bay. Flagscan, 4(2), 18.

Ethnic

Jooste, F. (1999). Flags of the Boers - a very old history. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world: Proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology: Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 76-84 plates 17- 18). Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillological Association.

Minahan, J. (2002). Afrikaners Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 46- 51). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Ndebele Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1340-1346). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Zulus Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 2114-2119). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Government

Navy

Smith, H. H. (1980). Army, air force and naval colours and flags in South Africa : 1652- 1978 and the badges of the ships of the South African Navy.

Police

South Africa. (1987). ARMA (118), 1712.

South African Police flag. (1981). NAVA News, 15(4), 10. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1981_v14no4.pdf

Political

jm. (1978). Jižní Afrika. Vexilologie (29), 468-469, 471. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Minahan, J. (1996). Kwazulu-Natal Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 316-318). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Rault, P. L. (1999). Afrikaner political flags. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world: Proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology: Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 99-117 plates 124-126). Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillological Association.

Smith, W. (1992). New flags: Afrikanerland, Orania, Orandia. The Flag Bulletin, 31(1-2), 29-33.

Province

Afrique de Sud: Armes des provinces du Nord et de Gauteng. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (30/76).

Afrique du Sud: Province de Mpumalanga. (n.d.). Franciae Vexilla (11/57).

Kohlíček, V. (1998). Mpumalanga (Jižní Afrika). Vexi.info, (36), 4. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf36.pdf

pex. (1998). Provincie Jihoafrické republiky. Vexi.info, (36), 3. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf36.pdf

Yachts

Edwards, P. B. (1997). The burgees of recreational boating in South Africa: A preliminary checklist. Pinegowrie, ZA: Southern African Vexillogical Association.

Bophuthatswana Bantustan

Fojtík, P. (1977). Vlajky a znaky Jihoafrických Bantustanu. Vexilologie (24), 344-355. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm. (1978). Bophuthatswana. Vexilologie (29), 462. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

pf. (1978). Bophuthatswana. Vexilologie (29), 466. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Ciskei Bantustan

Fojtík, P. (1977). Vlajky a znaky Jihoafrických Bantustanu. Vexilologie(24), 344-355. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Smith, W. (1994). New flags: Republic of Ciskei. The Flag Bulletin, 33(5), 204.

Gazankulu Bantustan

Fojtík, P. (1977). Vlajky a znaky Jihoafrických Bantustanu. Vexilologie (24), 344-355.

KaNgwane Bantustan

Fojtík, P. (1977). Vlajky a znaky Jihoafrických Bantustanu. Vexilologie (24), 344-355.

KwaNdebele Bantustan Berry, B. (2011). Stillborn: Flags designed for the “Republic of KwaNdebele” In S. M. Gaunter (Ed.), Proceedings of the 24th International Congress of Vexillology: Washington, DC, USA, 1-5 August 2011 (pp. 40-54). Trenton, NJ: North American Vexillological Association.

KwaZulu Bantustan

Fojtík, P. (1977). Vlajky a znaky Jihoafrických Bantustanu. Vexilologie (24), 344-355. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Kwazulu (Afrique du Sud): Drapeau d'État. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (9).

pf. (1978). Kwazulu. Vexilologie (27), 426. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

pf. (1978). Kwazulu. Vexilologie (29), 464, 471. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Lebowa Bantustan

Fojtík, P. (1977). Vlajky a znaky Jihoafrických Bantustanu. Vexilologie (24), 344-355.

Venda Bantustan

Fojtík, P. (1977). Vlajky a znaky Jihoafrických Bantustanu. Vexilologie (24), 344-355.

Venda. (1988). ARMA (123-4), 1849.

South Rhodesia Self-governing British Crown Colony

Coming up: 100th anniversary of the death of Cecil Rhodes: his Vexillological legacy. (2001). Ifulegi, (11), 1-4.

DeLisle Thompson, J. (1977). The colours of the Southern Rhodesia Volunteers (Western Division). Rhodesiana (36), 23-25.

Faul, M. A. (1999). The genesis of a colonial flag: Southern Rhodesia 1890-1937. In E. Dreyer & H. Muller (Eds.), Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Vexillology, Zurich, 23-27 August 1993 (pp. 105-108). Zurich, CH: Swiss Society of Vexillology.

South Sudan Country

Actueel: Libië & Zuid-Soedan. (2011). Vlag! (8), 11.

Burton, T. (2011). Where is Juwama? Crux Australis, 24(1=97).

Exner, P. (2008). Jižní Súdán. Vexi.info, (100), 2-3. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf100.pdf

Exner, P. (2011). Znak a vlajka Jižního Súdánu. Vexi.info (116), 2.

Ottawa, C. (2011). Südsudan - Unabhängigkeit und erste Nationalflagge. Der Flaggenkurier (34), 18.

pex. (2011). Referendum Jižním Súdánu. Vexi.info, (113), 4. http://www.vexi.info/vexiinfo/vexinf113.pdf

Schuurman, W. (2012). Republiek Zuid-Soedan. Vlag!(10), 22-23.

Unabhängigkeitsvotum im Südsudan (2011). DGF-Informationen (46).

Sudan Country

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'S' is for Saudi Arabia. NAVA News, 25(4), 6-7.

Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no4.pdf

Kurasov, J. M. (1974). Vlajky Súdánu. Vexilologie (12), 118-122.

Smith, W. (1990). New flags: Republic of the Sudan. The Flag Bulletin, 29(1), 15-19.

Armed forces

Kroupa, M. (1979). Prapor z období Mahdistického povstání. Vexilologie (35), 584-585.

Cities and towns

Unraised flag. (1974). NAVA News, 7(3), 5.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Bari Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 271-275). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Copts Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 467-473). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Fur Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 624-629). Westport, CT Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Mabas Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (pp. 1129-1134). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Nuba Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1419-1425). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Southern Sudanese Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1785-1791). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Darfur Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 144-146). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Southern Sudan Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 530-532). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Swaziland Country

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'S' is for Saudi Arabia. NAVA News, 25(4), 6-7. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no4.pdf

Schuurman, W. (2013). Alleen de juiste kleuren toegestaan in Swaziland. Vlag!(12), 19.

Swaziland. (1968). The Flag Bulletin, 7(2).

Government

Tanganyika Country

Abelson, N. O. (1964, Jun 30). Vexillology. Secretariat news, 17, 2.

Artimovich, N. (1993). 'T' is for Tanganyika. NAVA News, 26(1), 4. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1993_v26no1.pdf

New flags. (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 4(1), 1-2, 12, 20.

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology, part 1. (2000). Ifulegi, (7), 1-4.

Smith, W. (1961). New flags -- Tanganyika. The Flag Bulletin, 1(1), 6.

Tanganyika and Zanzibar. (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 4(1).

Tanzania Country

Abelson, N. O. (1964, Aug 31). Vexillology-. Secretariat news, 17, 10.

Abelson, N. O. (1964, Jun 30). Vexillology. Secretariat news, 17, 2.

Artimovich, N. (1993). 'T' is for Tanganyika. NAVA News, 26(1), 4. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1993_v26no1.pdf

Burgos, F. (2012). Africa, una nueva era (ii). Banderas (121).

More vexillology. (1962). Secretariat news, 16(1), 2.

New flags. (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 4(1), 1-2, 12, 20.

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology, part 1. (2000). Ifulegi, (7), 1-4.

Nyerere, J. K. (1964). Hotuba ya mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere Rais wa jamhuri ya mwungano wa Tanganyika na unguja: Tarehe 3 Julai, 1964. Dar es Salaam, TZ: Information Services of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanibar.

Smith, W. (1961). New flags -- Tanganyika. The Flag Bulletin, 1(1), 6.

Tanganyika. Information Service. (1963). The national flag of Tanganyika.

Tanganyika and Zanzibar. (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 4(1).

Cities and Towns

Karaschewski, J. M. (1996). Eine Flagge, die auf dem Papier blieb: Die Flagge von Tanga. Der Flaggenkurier (3), 31-32. Link http://www.flaggenkunde.de/veroeffentlichungen/03-31.htm

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Maasai Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (pp. 1122-1128). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Zanzibaris Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 2085-2090). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Masailand Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 353-355). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Zanzibar Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 632-635). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Zanzibar Semi-Autonomous

Minahan, J. (2002). Zanzibaris Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 2085-2090). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Neue flagge für Sansibar (2005). DGF-Informationen (3).

New flags. (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 3(3), 32-33.

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology, part 1. (2000). Ifulegi, (7), 1-4.

Smith, W., & Grahl, G. (1964). The world of flags: the three flags of Zanzibar. The Annin banner, 1(4), 2, 7.

Tanganyika and Zanzibar. (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 4(1).

Togo Country

Artimovich, N. (1993). 'T' is for Tanganyika. NAVA News, 26(1), 4.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Ewes Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 589-594). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Government

Togo: Président de la république, chef d'É-M Général des Forces Armées, Commandant de la Marine. (n.d.). Emblèmes et Pavillons (27).

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Togoland Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 573-575). Westport, CT: Westport, CT.

Tunisia Country

Artimovich, N. (1993). 'T' is for Tanganyika. NAVA News, 26(1), 4. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1993_v26no1.pdf

Charrie, P. (1999). Les ancêtres du drapeau tunisien. Franciae Vexilla (15/61).

Hugon, H. (1913). Les emblèmes des beys de Tunis; étude sur les signes de l'autonomie husseinite. Paris, FR: E. Leroux.

pf. (1977). Tunisko. Vexilologie (25), 390. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Smith, W. (2000). The flag of the Arab Islamic Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 39(5=195), 206-208.

Pirates

Barbour, N. (1998). Pirates or privateers? Flag usage and "the Barbary states". The Flag Bulletin, 37(1=179), 2-15.

Political

Burton, T. (2011). Genie out of the bottle: Flags of the Arab revolution. Crux Australis, 24(2=98).

Uganda Country

Abelson, N. O. (1962, Oct 31). The vexillological explosion. Secretariat news, 16, 3-4.

Artimovich, N. (1996). 'U' is for Ukraine. NAVA News, 29(1), 4. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1996_v29no1.pdf

Flag of newly-independent Uganda. (1962, October 20). Illustrated London News, 241, 604.

Grahl, G. (1962). New flags The Flag Bulletin, 2(1), 1-2.

Lewis, M. H. (2003). Globetrotter. Travel Holiday, 186(5), 58.

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology. Part II. (2000). Ifulegi, (8).

Smith, W. (1962). New flags. The Flag Bulletin, 1(3), 11, 23.

Uganda. (1971). The Flag Bulletin, 10(4).

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Ankile Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 1, pp. 129-134). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Gandas Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 643-648). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Nyoros Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1426-1431). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Ruwenzoris Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1617-1622). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Toros Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1909-1914). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Ankole Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 22-24). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Buganda Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 87-89). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Bunyoro Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 90-92). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (1996). Toro Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 576-578). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Western Sahara Country

Fojtík, P. (1976). Vlajky svobody. Vexilologie (18), 219-229, 232-233. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

lm, & jm. (1976). Sahara. Vexilologie (21), 296. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Smith, W. (1992). New flags: Sahara Arab Democratic Republic. The Flag Bulletin, 31(1- 2), 38-39.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Sahrawis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 1623-1629). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Burton, T. (2011). Genie out of the bottle: Flags of the Arab revolution. Crux Australis, 24(2=98).

Minahan, J. (1996). Sahrawi Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 468-470). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Zambia Country

Abelson, N. O. (1964, Dec 16). Three New flags are raised. Secretariat news, 17, 3.

Abelson, N. O. (1965). Three new flags are raised. The Annin banner, 2(3), 4.

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'R' is for Rhodesia. NAVA News, 25(3), 1-2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no3.pdf

Burgos, F. (2012). Africa, una nueva era (ii). Banderas (121).

New flags (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 3(4), 47-48, 50, 58, 63.

New flags. (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 4(1), 1-2, 12, 20.

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology, part 1. (2000). Ifulegi, (7), 1-4.

Smith, W. (1963-1964). New flags: Kenya Zambia. The Flag Bulletin, 3(2), 20.

Smith, W. (1964). New flags. The Flag Bulletin, 3(4), 47-48, 50, 58, 63.

Smith, W. (1996). Flag news and notes. The Flag Bulletin, 35(6), 239-253.

Zambia. (1964). The Flag Bulletin, 4(1).

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Katangans Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 2, pp. 966-972). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Lozis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (pp. 1115-1121). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Political

Minahan, J. (1996). Barotseland Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 66-68). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Smith, W. (1963-1964). New flags: Kenya Zambia. The Flag Bulletin, 3(2), 20.

Zimbabwe Country

Artimovich, N. (1992). 'R' is for Rhodesia. NAVA News, 25(3), 1-2. Link http://www.nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1992_v25no3.pdf

Berry, B. B. (1995). Flying in the winds of change: flags from Rhodesia to Zimbabwe. The Flag Bulletin, 34(2), 46-64.

Burgos, F. (2012). Africa, una nueva era (IV). Banderas (123).

Burgos, F. (2012). Africa, una nueva era (IV). Banderas (124).

Chifunyise, T. (1987). Let's learn about our flag. Harare, ZW: College Press.

Faul, M. A. (1996). Vexillo-safari: Zimbabwe. Hon. Sec. visits old haunts. Flagmaster (83), 3-5.

The flag of Zimbabwe. (1989). Causeway, ZW: Ministry of Information, Posts and Telecommunications, for the Government of Zimbabwe.

Fojtík, P. (1976). Vlajky svobody. Vexilologie(18), 219-229, 232-233. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm jm. (1977). Zimbabwe. Vexilologie(25), 391-392. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm jm. (1979). Zimbabwe-Rhodesie. Vexilologie(35), 591. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Jones, M. W. (1978). Heraldry in Rhodesia. In H.-U. Reupprecht (Ed.), Kongressbericht: 12. Internationaler Kongress für genealogische und heraldische Wissenschaften, München, 1974 Stuttgart, DE: Deutsche Arbeitsgemeinschaft genealogischer Verbände.

The new flag of Rhodesia. (1969). NAVA News, 2(3), 1. Link http://206.130.120.241/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1969_v2no3.pdf

1957-2000: constant change in Africa’s vexillology. Part II. (2000). Ifulegi, (8).

Zimbabwe. (2006). Geographical, 78(9), 8.

Zimbabwe hoists new national flag. (1979). NAVA News, 12(3), 3. Link http://nava.org/sites/default/files/documents/navanews/NAVANews_1979_v12no3.pdf

Cities and Towns

Berry, B. (1999). Municipal flags in Zimbabwe. In P. Martinez (Ed.), Flags in Southern Africa and the world : proceedings of the XVII International Congress of Vexillology : Cape Town, South Africa, 10-15 August 1997 (pp. 1-8 plate 1-2). Cape Town, ZA.

Ethnic

Minahan, J. (2002). Lozis Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (pp. 1115-1121). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Ndebele Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 3, pp. 1340-1346). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Minahan, J. (2002). Zulus Encyclopedia of the stateless nations: Ethnic and national groups around the world (Vol. 4, pp. 2114-2119). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Government

President of Zimbabwe. (1987). ARMA (119/120), 1742.

Political

jm. (1978). Zimbabwe. Vexilologie (29), 469, 470. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

jm. (1978). Zimbabwe. Vexilologie (30), 498. Link http://www.vexilologie.cz/vexilgie/vexilgie.htm

Minahan, J. (1996). Matabeleland Nations without states: A historical dictionary of contemporary national movements (pp. 356-358). Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.