DNA Barcoding Publications How many Species are there on Earth?

Sir Robert May Science 1988 Ernst Haeckel Described Species

1,562,000 spp.

= 10,000 spp. Mammals

4,500 spp. = 10,000 spp.

9,500 spp. = 10,000 spp. Reptiles

6,500 spp. = 10,000 spp. Amphibians

4,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Fish

22,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Echinoderms

6,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Molluscs

70,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Worms and kind

12,000 spp. = 10,000 spp.

840,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Arachnids

75,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Crustaceans

30,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Other Arthropods

10,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Flatworms

15,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Rotifers and Nematodes

15,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Jellyfish and kind

9,500 spp. = 10,000 spp. Other Invertebrates

13,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Sponges

9,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Fungi

70,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Flowering

230,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Other Plants

26,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Algae and other Protists

80,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Bacteria and Archaea

5,000 spp. = 10,000 spp. Ignorance Index Ignorance Index

90% 87%

93%

97% 99% 15% 65% 88% 80% 7% Species Accumulation Curves Bacteria The Tricorder DNA - “The Code of Life” Jansen & Hebert

14812–14817 PNAS October 12, 2004 vol. 101 no. 41

Publicidad

CBoL http://www.barcoding.si.edu/

Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences Issue: Volume 360, Number 1462 / October 29, 2005 BOLs

• BarcodeBlog http://phe.rockefeller.edu/barcode/blog • BOLI-Barcode of Life Initiative www.dnabarcodes.org • BOLInfoNET-Barcode of Life InfoNET www.bolinfonet.org • BOLNET-Canadian Barcode of Life Network www.bolnet.ca • CBOL-Consortium for the Barcode of Life www.barcoding.si.edu • CCDB-Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding www.dnabarcoding.ca • ECBOL-European Consortium for the Barcode of Life www.ecbol.org • iBOL-International Barcode of Life www.ibolproject.org • NBOL-Barcode of Life NL www.dnabarcoding.nl Campaigns

• ABBI www.barcodingbirds.org • AllLeps-Lepidoptera Barcode of Life www.lepbarcoding.org • -BOL www.bee-bol.org • CMarZ-Census of Marine Zooplankton www.cmarz.org • FISH-BOL-Fish Barcode of Life www.fishbol.org • Barcoding Invasive and Pest Species barcoding.si.edu/INBIPS.htm • MarBOL-Marine Barcode of Life www.marinebarcoding.org • MBI-Mosquito Barcode Initiative • PolarBOL-Polar Barcode of Life www.polarbarcoding.org • QBOL-Quarantine Barcode of Life www.qbol.org • TBI-Tephritid Barcode Initiative Plants?

Consortium for the Genetic Identification of Neotropical Plants

Cassio van den Berg- Brasil Gerardo Salazar – México Santiago Madriñán – Colombia Consortium for the Genetic Identification of Neotropical Plants

Cassio van den Berg- Brasil Gerardo Salazar – México Santiago Madriñán – Colombia

http://ArBOL.uniandes.edu.co 4

No of species in CTFS plots

4 Indets

4 Overall Indets

Sampling Priorities

Use Availability timber Plots medicinal DNA Banks food

Complex Unique Ecosystems Resources

• Interested botanical community

• Active molecular laboratories

• Botanical Gardens

• Well-established Forestry Networks w/ Permanent Plots Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) 20 Forest Plots in 15 Countries More than 75 Partner Institutions Worldwide

RainFor

59 Proof of Concept Papers

Projects at the “Laboratorio de Botánica y Sistemática”

• Sensitivity Tests – Families with complex taxonomy – Large genera – Recently evolved floras

• Big family • Largely understudied • VERY difficult to id. • Economically important Species Complexes Phylogenetic Spread accD matK ndhJ rpoB rpoC1 Actinodaphne glabra K-8202 Actinodaphne pruinosa K-8203 Aiouea dubia AN-417 pendula BCI-065681 Beilschmiedia pendula BCI-170421 Beilschmiedia pendula BCI-257596 K-5519 Caryodaphnopsis cogolloy JAUM-s.n. Cinnamomum camphora K-6469 Cinnamomum dictyoneuron K-8201 Lauraceae Cinnamomum obtusifolium K-8303 Cinnamomum triplinerve BCI-206711 Cinnamomum triplinerve BCI-240764 Cinnamomum triplinerve SM-Ama-005 Cinnamomum zeylanicum K-8306 triplinervis K-5522 K-5520 sp. 1 SM-Ama-006 Endlicheria sp. 2 SM-Ama-003 Lauraceae sp. 1 A-1535 rpoC Lauraceae sp. 2 NN-BCI? accD matK ndhJ rpoB Laurus azorica K-21989 1 Laurus nobilis SM-s.n. Lindera benzoin K-16947 Litsea cubeba K-15475 cissiflora BCI-216314 Genera 17 17 16 17 17 Nectandra cissiflora BCI-233922 Nectandra cissiflora BCI-244145 Nectandra cissiflora BCI-269005 Nectandra cuspidata FC-1579 Nectandra cuspidata Gamboa-s.n. Species 42 40 36 42 43 Nectandra 'fuzzy' BCI-036152 Nectandra 'fuzzy' BCI-105750 Nectandra lineata BCI-065446 Nectandra lineata BCI-220065 Specimens 47 58 42 48 49 Nectandra purpurea BCI-151022 Nectandra purpurea BCI-277412 Nectandra purpurea BCI-415163 Nectandra sp. 1 AN-410 Sp. w/ >1 Nectandra sp. 1 AN-411 5 11 6 6 6 Neolitsea aciculata K-17739 specimen callophyla SM-s.n. Ocotea cernua BCI-206437 Ocotea cernua BCI-215988 Ocotea cernua BCI-412951 Ocotea floribunda HD-1166 Ocotea guianensis A-818 Ocotea oblonga BCI-309078 Ocotea oblonga BCI-403510 Ocotea puberula BCI-146684 Ocotea puberula BCI-272219 Ocotea puberula BCI-716317 Ocotea sp. 1 HD-1167 Ocotea whitei BCI-008086 Ocotea whitei BCI-306277 americana SM-s.n. Persea caerulea Sánchez-4911 Persea rimosa K-8204 Rhodostemonodaphne frontinoensis Brant-1387 Rhodostemonodaphne kunthiana HD-1175 Rhodostemonodaphne kunthiana Madriñán-717 Rhodostemonodaphne penduliflora SM-s.n. Sassafras albidum K-16948 matK

974 bp matK

500

400

300

Frequency 200

100

0

0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.27 0.28 0.29 K2P Distance

Inter Intra trnH-psbA

596 bp trnH-psbA

GenBank (50) + Samles (43)

93 sequences rbcL GenBank Accessions

trnH- accD matK ndhJ rpoB rpoC1 rbcL psbA

All GenBank 1,509 19,354 305 7,144 1,445 36,228 904

Viridiplantae 838 19,299 278 590 904 29,627 903

Lauraceae 0 158 0 0 0 9 50 matK BLAST matches matK

GenBank (134) + Samples (58)

192 sequences matK

3

GenBank (134) + Samples (58) 2 192 sequences

1 1

Dodecadenia? Cryptocarya triplinervis K-5522

Match Beilschmiedia pendula BCI-170421

Match Caryodaphnopsis cogolloi JAUM-s.n.

Match Dodecadenia grandiflora K-5520

Oh Oh! 2 Persea caerulea Sánchez-4911

Match Persea americana SM-s.n.

Match Neolitsea aciculata K-17739

Match 3 Laurus nobilis SM-s.n.

Match Lindera benzoin K-16947 Nectandra cissiflora BCI-216314 Nectandra purpurea BCI-277412

Match? Ocotea callophyla SM-s.n. Sassafras albidum K-16948 Nectandra ''fuzzy'' BCI-105750

Match Nectandra ''fuzzy'' BCI-036152 trnH-psbA BLAST matches Beilschmiedia pendula BCI-257596

Match Caryodaphnopsis cogolloi JAUM-s.n.

Match Persea americana SM-s.n.

Match Laurus nobilis SM-s.n.

Match Lindera benzoin K-16947

Match Cinnamomum triplinerve BCI-240764 Ocotea callophyla SM-s.n. Rhodostemonodaphne penduliflora Flora Ilustrada del Páramo de Chingaza

chingaza.uniandes.edu.co Species Accumulation in

Páramos

# # spp.

Year ITS 1047 chars. 167 variable uninformative Hypericum in Páramos 204 informative search aborted after 30000 669 steps CI = 0.744

1989 2002 Obrigado!

ArBOL.uniandes.edu.co