NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

1. This Roman general and later consul is best remembered for defeating Hannibal in the Second Punic War. Hence his nickname Africanus. In 211 BCE he destroyed Carthago Nova in modern Spain but was unable to prevent Hannibal’s crossing of the Alps. In 202 BCE he defeated the Carthagene army in the battle of Zama. Because he didn’t raze Carthage to the ground and let Hannibal live, Marcus Porcius Cato became his bitter enemy. Who? 2. Which country launched the new cryptocurrency “Petro” earlier this year? This is the world’s first crypto- currency officially launched by a government. 3. German filmmaker, playwright, author and photographer Wim Wenders is current and second president of European Film Academy. In 1996, Wenders took over the presidency from the man who was founder and first president of this Academy. Who was this influental filmmaker? 4. When you follow Wadi Musa, pass through Siq and face Khazneh then you are in which city? In search of the Holy Grail, Harrison Ford and Sean Connery followed the same path. 5. The man on the left immortalized his name with the picture that can be seen on the right. Who (1835-1910)?

6. This flag appeared at the 1952 Helsinki Summer Olympics and in the qualification for the 1954 football World Cup. What short-lived ‘sports nation’ flew this flag, partly inspired by one of its neighbouring countries?

7. Feng shui is a Chinese metaphysical and quasi-philosophical system that seeks to harmonize individuals with their surrounding environment. “Feng shui” translates into which TWO English words? 8. This Indo-European language is the official language in only one non-European country. Which language?

9. When Charles Moore sailed from Hawaii to the US west coast in 1997, he took a different route and discovered a previously unknown island. Estimates of its size vary between 1 and 10 million square kilometers and there are 4 or 5 such islands in the world’s oceans. What are these islands made of? 10. He took up playing the trumpet at the age of 14. In 1959 he formed the first South African jazz group, Jazz Epistles. His music drew inspiration from the hardships of the black people under apartheid. He left South Africa in 1960 to attend the Manhattan School of Music in New York and did not return until the end of the apartheid. He has collaborated with African and Western musicians (Paul Simon, Miriam Makeba, The Byrds etc). Who? ♬♬♬ NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

11. The price of this metal has more than tripled in few years (2016 $26,500/metric ton, 2018 $90,000/metric ton). Which metal? The causes are as follows: • increasing use of batteries containing this metal in electric vehicles; • most of the ore is mined in the unstable Democratic Republic of Congo; • most of the refining (approx 80%) takes place in China. China is being accused of stockpiling the metal and thus manipulating the world market price. 12. Which infamous former head of state is buried here?

13. Which city in northern Tuscany, Italy, gives it name to a type of white or blue-grey marble of high quality, popular for use in sculpture and building decor? It was used for some of the most remarkable buildings in Ancient Rome, such as The Pantheon, Michelangelo used for his „David“ and it is still used today in famous buildings in many countries. 14. Under which name is the aquatic salamander Proteus anguinus known? It is the only exclusively cave-dwelling chordate species found in Europe, basically in the Dinaric Alps. In contrast to most amphibians, it is entirely aquatic; it eats, sleeps, and breeds underwater.

15. A common saying in many Western countries tells you that you would hit China if you dug a hole straight through the Earth. It is far from the truth - the antipodal point of Tallinn would be in the Southern Pacific, some 2,000 km southeast of New Zealand. In which country would you find the antipodal point of Beijing? - China is approximately 3½ times larger in area than this country. 16. Theodore Sturgeon was born Edward Hamilton Waldo, a distant relative to Ralph Waldo Emerson and changed his name at age 11. Although he worked as a sailor, contractor, refrigerator salesman etc., he is best remembered as one of the greatest American science fiction writers. Most of his stories date from the 1940s and 1950s. His ”More Than Human” won the 1954 International Fantasy Award. In the 1960s he wrote a few Star Trek episodes. An annual sci-fi award named in his honour was established in 1987. He was also the prototype of famous literature character, whose first appearance was in 1965. Which character? 17. Who is the woman in this picture? She is 23 years old and made history in February 2018.

18. What is called the pseudoscientific system of teachings that forms the ideological basis of the Church of Scientology, created by L. Ron Hubbard? 19. The rules of the board game invented by Omar Syed in 2003 were considered simple for humans but difficult for computers. This motivated the set up of a $10,000 prize for the first computer program that could defeat top human players. The prize was won by David Wu’s Sharp in 2015. Which game? 20. You hear secular cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach, named „Schweigt stille, plaudert nicht“ („Be still, stop chattering“), probably composed between 1732 and 1735. This cantata is better known under another name (…… cantata), which refers to something enjoyable also among some quizzers. What is the best known name for this cantata? ♬♬♬ NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

21. Who was the mother of astrological twins Castor and Pollux? You can see her in the work of French painter Gustave Moreau.

22. This city of half a million inhabitants is the capital of Maynas province. It is the largest city in the world that is inaccessible by land. Which city? 23. When Johann Reichhart was born in the small German town Wichenbach in 1893, his ancestors had held an important job for eight generations. His career began in 1924, continued through the Third Reich and he was employed by the Allies after the WWII. He took great pride of his work, dressed according to old customs and kept detailed records of his work. He also improved his tool of the trade so that the crucial operation could be performed in seconds. What was Johann Reichhart’s occupation? 24. What is the Arabic name for the direction that should be faced when a Muslim prays during Ṣalāṫ? It is fixed as the direction of the Kaaba in the city of Mecca. Most mosques contain a wall niche that indicates the direction. 25. Whose monument?

26. This director was born in 1928 in Brussels. She is considered one of the leading figures of the French New Wave film movement. She focused on social and feminist issues and introduced protagonists that were women or otherwise marginalized members of the society. Her most famous works are „La Pointe Courte“ (1954), „Sans toit ni loi“ (”Vagabond”) (1984), „Les Glaneurs et la Glaneuse“ (”Gleaners” i.e. „Pickers of leftovers“) (2000). She received Academy Award for Lifetime Achievements in 2017. Who? 27. Who is this basketball player nicknamed Kill Bill, Euroleague champion in 2009, 2012 and 2013 and All-Europe Player of the year in 2012 and 2013?

28. It boasts 80 million users, and 60 million documents are published there. What’s the name of this open publishing platform, founded in 2007, also called “the Netflix for books”? 29. Gottfried Leibniz, Immanuel Kant, Georg “Nobby” Hegel, Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich Schelling, Karl Jaspers, Karl Schlegel, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger and ... Who's eleventh? 30. This term is being used in various fields of science. In mathematics it’s a point at which a given mathematical object is not defined, for example at x=0 for the function f(x)=1/x. In astrophysics it describes a region in space-time in which tidal gravitational forces become infinite, for example inside the black hole. Which term? You will hear a New Order song with same title. ♬♬♬ NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

31. What is the name of the method of critical thought dominated teaching by the academics of medieval universities in Europe from about 1100 to 1700. It sought to reconcile the church's dogmas with the tradition of the church fathers and Aristotle's philosophy to a coherent system often with tacit arguments. 32. Perhaps not as well-known as a couple of his predecessors, who his this man in the picture, in the current office from April 2018? (NB! for the point we need his FULL surname!!!)

33. Already a game reserve since 1920s, it was named King George V National Park in 1939. After Malaysian independence it received its current name which means ”national park” in Malay. It contains one of the world’s oldest rainforests, estimated to be at least 130 million years old. A major tourist attraction, it’s home to rare mammals such as the Malayan tiger, gaur and Asian elephant. Also of interest are Gua Tehinga caves and Gunung Tahan, the highest point in mainland Malaysia. Which national park? 34. The role played by Newton’s laws in classical physics, by Maxwell’s equations in electrodynamics, is played by – whose equation in quantum physics? 35. After which Renaissance painter is this 85-metre tall self-standing tower, part of the local cathedral in its city, named?

36. Hugh Lofting created Doctor Dolittle in 1920, and the character was later adapted for the Soviet market. He was renamed doctor Aibolit (translated as “Ouch, it hurts!”), and was created by one of the most popular Soviet children's authors. Who? 37. This logo belongs to which US-based professional sports team, who received a lot of attention in the last season? (NB! for the point we need the city and the team name!!!)

38. In 1914 the German Oscar Majus Klöffer brought this spice from to Guatemala. Today Guatemala is, ahead of India, the leading producer and exporter of this spice in the world. By the way, local people in Guatemala still don´t consume it, everything is for export. What spice? 39. Marind-anim, Citak, Murut, Ilongot, Igorot, Wa, Shuar are among the tribes known to have collected a certain type of souvenirs. In Europe this custom persisted in Montenegro until the late 19th century. US soldiers in WWII and Vietnamese War also took such souvenirs. Which items were these? 40. You will hear a Grammy Award winning song from year 2001. Which rock band formed 1993 in Tallahassee, Florida is singing? ♬♬♬ NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

41. The present-day archaeological site Tula is named after a Nahuatl phrase, Tollan Xicocotitlan. This place used to be the capital of – which Mesoamerican people, considered by the Aztecs as their intellectual and cultural forefathers? 42. How many territories is the world divided into in the strategy board game “Risk”? 43. Of which large international company (approximately 270 000 employees) has Indian born Indra Nooyi been CEO since 2006?

44. Cyrillic script is today maybe only one widely known Slavic alphabet. But what is the name of the oldest known Slavic alphabet, created in the 9th century by Saint Cyril and his brother Saint Methodius in Thessaloniki? In the Middle Ages it was subsequently displaced by the Latin alphabet and was preserved only by the clergy of Croatia to write Church Slavonic until early 19th century. 45. Which irregular biopolymer is this? It was first described by Augustin de Candolle in 1813.

46. This Orson Welles´ movie, often regarded as one of the best US films ever made, is based on Booth Tarkington's Pulitzer Prize–winning 1918 novel, about the declining fortunes of a rich Midwestern family and the social changes brought by the automobile age. Which movie? 47. Despite not competing in the 2008 Summer Olympics, he carried his country’s flag at the opening ceremony. Who?

48. In this capital city a significant flood struck the zoo in 2015, leaving half of its animal inhabitants either dead or on the loose. Several surviving inhabitants of the zoo - a hippopotamus, big cats, wolves, bears, and hyenas - escaped from the destroyed pens and cages to the streets and a police unit was employed to round them up. Some were killed, others were recaptured and brought back to the zoo. The media ran footage showing the hippopotamus making its way to flooded “Heroes” Square, one of city's major roadway hubs, where it was subdued with a tranquilizer dart. The white tiger at the same time attacked and mortally wounded a man in a storehouse near the zoo. But an African penguin was found at the border crossing, having swum some 60 km south from capital city. Which capital city? 49. Which plant of the Asteraceae family was, thanks to high glycosides content, used for hundreds of years as a natural sweetener in South America, and was approved by the EU as food additive in 2011? 50. This song is called „Москва“́ by city Moscow, but what is the name of the legendary Russian band, notorious for vulgar lyrics, which sings? ♬♬♬ NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

51. Which city? • It was the starting point of the first crusade, when Pope Urban II preached the crusade there in 1095; • It was the hometown of mathematician Blaise Pascal; • It is the home town of tyre manufacturer Michelin; • There is a site of one of the world´s leading international festivals for short films. 52. Named after a Russian and a Belgian, which famous Russian rifle was particularly deadly in the hands of Vasily Zaytsev, and its Finnish imitation was used by Simo Häyhä?

53. This logo belongs to a notorious corporation, which shares its name with a 1000 hectares sized park-forest, the largest green oasis in one European capital city. Which corporation?

54. What is the name for organisms (mostly microbes) that live in conditions that were only recently considered unsuitable for sustaining life (very low or very high temperatuures, high salinity, alkalinity or acidity, lack of water, oxygen etc.)? 55. Which performance artist, along with her partner Ulay, walked half of the Great Wall of China in 1988, while he walked the other half, in a performance named The Great Wall Walk? 56. The unpublished writings of which author were destroyed two years after his death in this way?

57. Which city can rightfully bear the title of the world capital of rowing, because the finals of the World Rowing Cup are held at its Rotsee Lake, and the city hosted the World Rowing Championship four times? 58. Which cocktail, made of rum, curaçao liquer, orgeat syrup and lime juice, was named after Tahitian phrase for “good”? 59. Nintendo’s action-adventure Breath of the Wild, which made it to number one on various lists of the best games of 2017, and is even considered one of the best computer games of all times by some critics, is part of – which series? 60. This country has already participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 30 times and is behind Malta as the second most successful country never to win the contest. The country´s best result is two second-place finishes: in 1999 with song „All Out of Luck“ and in 2009 with ballad „Is It True?“. You will hear the latter. Which country? ♬♬♬

NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

61. Museum Island in the Spree river is one of the most visited places in Berlin. There are five museums: The Altes Museum, The Neues Museum, The Alte Nationalgalerie, The Bode Museum and the most visited art museum in Germany, named after a famous ancient city. What is the name of this fifth museum? 62. Which famous historical person would perhaps not have been so famous without his father named Niccolo and an uncle named Maffeo? 63. What’s the name of the region in Eastern Croatia (marked in the picture), where about 45% of the agricultural land of that country is found, and its largest city is Osijek?

64. What was the name of the campaign of political repression and state terror in Latin American countries involving intelligence operations and assassination of opponents, mainly civilians, originally planned by the CIA? It started in 1968 and was officially implemented in 1975 by the right-wing dictatorships of the Southern Cone region of South America. The program was nominally intended to eradicate communist or Soviet influence and ideas, and to suppress active or potential opposition movements against the participating governments' neoliberal economic policies, which sought to reverse the economic policies of the previous era. 65. This actor’s remarkable career spanned through six decades and he took part in more than 100 movies. Sci-fi fans remember him from ”Alien”. One of his last roles was an ageing man in John Carroll Lynch’s „Lucky“. Who (1926-2017)?

66. The highest order of the Japanese honours system is named after which flower? Although the flower’s name means ‘gold flower’ in Ancient Greek it comes in all kinds of colour varieties. 67. In 2016 which English sports star released the crime novel ‘Framed’. In some ways inspired by his own life and his sport.

68. If you see around on the streets people who wear thanaka in their faces and longyi around their legs, you are probably in what country? 69. Which fish is found in one of the most popular products of the company Seagate Technology? 70. You will hear a singer-songwriter who is one of the only famous Gibraltarians. Together with Mike Hazlewood he wrote the songs „It Never Rains In Southern California“ and „The Air That I Breathe“ (later made famous by The Hollies) for his own 1972 debut album. With Diane Warren he co-wrote the starship hit „Nothing’s Gonna Stop Us Now“ and with Hal David he co-wrote „To All the Girls I Loved Before“ for Julio Iglesias and Willie Nelson. Who is he? ♬♬♬ NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

71. There are many bridges in Budapest, connecting Buda and Pest across the Danube. The longest of them (928 meters) is named after a Grand Prince from the 9th and 10th centuries, who gave his name to the Hungarian first king dynasty, which ruled until 1301. Which dynasty? 72. The United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates. To draw the flags of all seven emirates, you need only two colours. But which TWO colours do you need in addition to them to draw the UAE national flag? 73. Until 535 CE there was a volcano instead of this caldera lake named Ilopango. The eruption that year is the most likely source of extreme events across the globe. Crops failed throughout Europe, Vikings started their raids. The Byzantine Empire suffered from the Plague of Justinian. Empires fell from Central America to India. In which country lies the lake (former volcano) Ilopango?

74. Which African cat has to mate with a domestic cat in order to get the Savannah breed, one of the rarest and the most expensive cat breeds in the world? 75. The Japanese art of repairing broken pottery with lacquer mixed with gold (or similar valuable metals) is known by what name? The philosophy in this is that the breakage is treated as part of the history of the object and repair of the damage is not carried out to disguise it, but rather to celebrate the minor setbacks by illuminating the damage. It is also the name of the 2015 Death Cab for Cutie album featuring the song ‘Black Sun’.

76. Famous French explorer Jacques Cousteau won the Palme d’Or in Cannes in 1956 for his documentary Le Monde du silence. That was the only documentary to have won Palme d’Or until 2004, when it was won by – which movie? 77. In the last 30 years only five teams has won the toughest European domestic football championship, Spanish La Liga – FC Barcelona, Real Madrid, Atletico Madrid, Valencia CF and which other team? 78. Which Mexican state’s capital is Guadalajara, and is most famous for mariachi bands and producing tequila? 79. This stylish greyhound is the mascot of which Italian fashion house established in 1911?

80. Austrian musician, producer and DJ Marcus Füreder is known as one of the main pioneers of electro swing. His music style is based on a combination of jazz, house, electro and pop. What is Füreder stage name, known from the line-up of many European music festivals? ♬♬♬

NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

81. Which renegade state ceased to exist on 7th January 1970, when its capital Owerri was occupied? 82. Along with frequency, wavelength is the key characteristic of any wave. Which letter of the Greek alphabet represents wavelength? 83. Which major Rhine tributary runs through the German city of Stuttgart? 84. This car in the picture was in production from 1973 to 2000 and is the best selling car in history in which country?

85. Who has designed costumes for figure skaters such as Nancy Kerrigan, Michelle Kwan, Evan Lysacek and Nathan Chen, but is perhaps more famous for her wedding gowns for public figures such as Chelsea Clinton, Ivanka Trump, Mariah Carey, Victoria Beckham and a couple of Kardashians? 86. Which name is shared by a neighbourhood in Manhattan and an American reality show hosted by Gordon Ramsey?

87. Currently the Formula 1 season starts in March in Australia. But between 1965 and 1969 the Formula 1 season started four times already on the 1st or 2nd January. In which country? 88. Behind the window you see the skyscrapers of which fictional city?

89. How many consequtive balls does a snooker player have to pot in order to score the desired maximum, 147? 90. If you know the occupation of Kevin Roche, Gottfried Böhm, Alvaro Siza Vieira, Fumihiko Maki, Christian de Portzamparc, Wang Shu etc, then you can name this British metalcore band from Brighton. Which band? ♬♬♬

NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

91. Called the „City of 1001 Churches“, this city of 100 000 inhabitants was once the capital of Bagratid Armenia. The city was sacked and plundered by Seljuks in 1064 and Mongols in 1236. A destructive earthquake in 1319 left the city in ruins and it was completely abandoned by 1735. Taking care of the ruins is not the first priority as long as they lie in Turkish territory. Hopefully listing the city as a UNESCO World Heritage Site (2016) will be of some help. Which city?

92. He was chief of the Sicilian Mafia who killed (or ordered to be killed) 100 to 200 people. He didn’t shy away from the killing of women, children and innocent bystanders which was against the Mafia code of honour. His nicknames in the local dialect were ’u curtu` („Shorty“) and ’u capu di ’i capi` („The Boss of Bosses“). In hiding since late 1960s, he was betrayed by a fellow Mafioso in 1993 and spent the rest of his life until his death in 2017 behind bars. Who?

93. Pictorial representations, such as the one given, of the mathematical expressions describing the behavior of subatomic particles were first introduced in 1948 and are named after which physicist?

94. What is the name of the desert in Arizona, USA, part of Colorado plateau, which is known for its brilliant and varied colours?

95. This fabric belongs to the brocade family of of the Malay world (today , Malaysia, Singapur, Brunei and Southern Thailand). Its name comes from the Malay word, which means "to hook". To hook and pick a group of threads, and then slip the gold and silverthreads in it – is one of the main methods to make this fabric. Which fabric? NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

96. During the Tokugawa period, only the blind people were allowed to practice it, and even after Tokugawa period it remained the most common occupation of blind people in Japan. General MacArthur banned it after WW2, but Tokujiro Namikoshi popularized it so much that today it appears in numerous lifestyle magazines, which claim it has healing properties – up to treating cancer! What are we talking about? 97. What country has won more than 200 medals at the summer Olympics throughout the years, but never competed at the winter Olympics? 98. Which fantasy tabletop role-playing game (RPG) originally designed by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson was first published in 1974 by Tactical Studies Rules, Inc.? In 2014 the 5th edition was published. 99. The youtube video of a baby biting his big brother’s finger is with 860,000,000 views probably the most viewed home video of YouTube of all time. It is titled ‘…… bit my finger’ - What is the name of the biting baby boy?

100. You will hear part of a famous opera, first performed in 1879. The opera is based of a novel in verse, which was published in serial form between 1825 and 1832. What is the name of this opera and novel in verse? ♬♬♬ NORDIC QUIZZING CHAMPIONSHIPS 2018: PAIRS QUIZ Tallinn, 20.05.2018

ANSWERS: 55. Marina Abramović 56. Terry Pratchett 1. Scipio 57. Lucerne (Luzern) 2. Venezuela 58. Mai Tai 3. Ingmar Bergman 59. The Legend of Zelda 4. Petra 60. Iceland 5. Giovanni Schiaparelli („canals“ of Mars) 61. Pergamon museum 6. Saar Protectorate (Saarland) 62. Marco Polo 7. Wind; Water 63. Slavonia 8. Kurdish 64. Operation Condor 9. Garbage (accept Plastic) 65. Harry Dean Stanton 10. Hugh Masekela 66. Chrysanthemum 11. Cobalt 67. Ronnie O´Sullivan 12. Pol Pot 68. (Burma) 13. Carrara 69. Barracuda 14. Olm 70. Albert Hammond 15. Argentina 71. Arpad 16. Kilgore Trout (by Kurt Vonnegut) 72. Green; Black (other two are White and 17. Ester Ledecka Red) 18. Dianetics 73. El Salvador 19. Arimaa 74. Serval 20. Coffee Cantata 75. Kintsugi 21. Leda 76. „Fahrenheit 9/11“ 22. Iquitos (in Peru) 77. Deportivo La Coruna 23. Executioner 78. Jalisco 24. Qibla 79. Trussardi 25. Rosa Parks 80. Parov Stelar 26. Agnes Varda 81. Biafra 27. Vassilis Spanoulis 82. Lambda (λ) 28. Scribd 83. Neckar 29. Franz Beckenbauer (Monty Python sketch) 84. Poland 30. Singularity 85. Vera Wang 31. Scholasticism 86. Hell´s Kitchen 32. Miguel Diaz-Canel 87. South Africa 33. Taman Negara 88. Megasaki (from movie „Isle of Dogs“) 34. Schrödinger equation 89. 36 35. Giotto 90. Architects 36. Korney Chukovsky 91. Ani 37. Las Vegas Golden Knights 92. Salvatore Riina 38. Cardamom 93. Richard Feynman 39. Enemy heads 94. Painted Desert 40. Creed 95. 41. Toltec people 96. Shiatsu massage 42. 42 97. Cuba 43. PepsiCo 98. Dungeons and Dragons 44. Glagolitic alphabet 99. Charlie 45. Lignin 100. „Eugene Onegin“ (by Alexander Pushkin 46. „The Magnificent Ambersons“ and Pyotr Tchaikovsky) 47. Manny Pacquiao 48. Tbilisi 49. Stevia 50. Leningrad 51. Clermont-Ferrand 52. Mosin-Nagant 53. Monsanto 54. Extremophiles