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Manufacturing Processes
Module 1 Classification of Metal Removal Processes and Machine tools Version 2 ME IIT, Kharagpur Lesson 2 Basic working principle, configuration, specification and classification of machine tools Version 2 ME IIT, Kharagpur Instructional Objectives At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to : (a) Describe the basic functional principles of machine tools (i) Illustrate the concept of Generatrix and Directrix (ii) Demonstrate Tool – work motions (iii) Give idea about machine tool drives (b) Show configuration of basic machine tools and state their uses (c) Give examples of machine tools - specification (d) Classify machine tools broadly. Basic functional principles of machine tool operations Machine Tools produce desired geometrical surfaces on solid bodies (preformed blanks) and for that they are basically comprised of; • Devices for firmly holding the tool and work • Drives for providing power and motions to the tool and work • Kinematic system to transmit motion and power from the sources to the tool-work • Automation and control systems • Structural body to support and accommodate those systems with sufficient strength and rigidity. For material removal by machining, the work and the tool need relative movements and those motions and required power are derived from the power source(s) and transmitted through the kinematic system(s) comprised of a number and type of mechanisms. (i) Concept of Generatrix and Directrix • Generation of flat surface The principle is shown in Fig. 2.1 where on a flat plain a straight line called Generatrix (G) is traversed in a perpendicular direction called Directrix (D) resulting a flat surface. • Generation of cylindrical surfaces The principles of production of various cylindrical surfaces (of revolution) are shown in Fig. -
Holemaking Products & Accessories
® Holemaking 7 5 Products & 8 1 Accessories e Klein drill bits and holemaking products c provide accuracy and consistency for professionals. Made of top-of-the-line n materials for longer-lasting performance, i Klein's diverse line of holemaking S products and accessories help get the job done right. s l a n o i s s e f o r P r o F Flexible Drill Bits Flex Bit Augers 53719 • Used to drill holes through wood within a wall. • Tapered back for easy bit retrieval. • Spring steel shaft resists deformation. 53720 • Screw point tip pulls the bit through wood. • Hole in tip allows for use with wire or cable pulling grip. Cat. No. Length Weight (lbs.) 53719 53716 3/8" x 54" (9.5 mm x 1372 mm) 1.00 53717 3/8" x 72" (9.5 mm x 1829 mm) 1.00 Holemaking Products 53718 9/16" x 54" (14 mm x 1372 mm) 1.00 53718 53719 3/4" x 54" (19 mm x 1372 mm) 2.00 53751 3/4" x 72" (19 mm x 1829 mm) 2.00 53720 1" x 54" (25 mm x 1829 mm) 2.00 53716 & Accessories Flex Bit Extensions 53722 • Connects to the end of a flex bit and extends the length. • For use with flex bits 3/4" and larger (Cat. No. 53722). • Connection diameter is 5/8" (Cat. No. 53722). • For use with flex bits 9/16" and smaller (Cat. No. 53723). • Connection diameter is 7/16" (Cat. No. 53723). Cat. No. Length Connection Diameter Weight (lbs.) 53722 54" (1372 mm) 5/8" (14 mm) 1.00 53723 54" (1372 mm) 7/16" (11 mm) 1.00 Flex Bit Placement Tool • Folding design stores more compactly than standard tool. -
Vibrations in Metal Cutting Measurement, Analysis and Reduction
Vibrations in Metal Cutting Measurement, Analysis and Reduction Linus Pettersson Ronneby, March 2002 Department of Telecommunications and Signal Processing Blekinge Institute of Technology 372 25 Ronneby, Sweden c Linus Pettersson Licentiate Dissertation Series No. 01/02 ISSN 1650-2140 ISBN 91-7295-008-0 Published 2002 Printed by Kaserntryckeriet AB Karlskrona 2002 Sweden v Abstract Vibration and noise in metal cutting are ubiquitous problems in the workshop. The turning operation is one kind of metal cutting that exhibits vibration related problems. Today the industry aims at smaller tolerances in surface finish. Harder regulations in terms of the noise levels in the operator environment are also central. One step towards a solution to the noise and vibration problems is to investigate what kind of vibrations that are present in a turning operation. The vibrations in a boring operation have been put under scrutiny in the first part of this thesis. Analytical models have been compared with experimental results and the vibration pattern has been determined. The second part of the thesis deals with active vibration control in external turning operations. By embedding a piezo-ceramic actuator and an accelerometer into a tool holder it was possible to obtain a solution that can be fitted in a standard lathe. The control system consists of the active tool holder, a control system based on the filtered-X LMS algorithm and an amplifier designed for capacitive loads. The vibration level using this technique can be reduced by as much as 40 dB during an external turning operation. vii Preface The work presented in this licentiate thesis has been performed at the department of Telecommunications and Signal Processing at Blekinge Institute of Technology. -
Boilermaker Health & Safety Manual
Boilermakers Health & Safety Manual ihsa.ca Boilermakers Health & Safety Manual Infrastructure Health & Safety Association 5110 Creekbank Road, Suite 400 Mississauga, Ontario L4W 0A1 Canada 1-800-263-5024 ihsa.ca 1 Boilermakers Health & Safety Manual IHSA has additional information on this and other topics. Visit ihsa.ca or call Customer Service at 1-800-263-5024. The contents of this publication are for general information only. This publication should not be regarded or relied upon as a definitive guide to government regulations or to safety practices and procedures. The contents of this publication were, to the best of our knowledge, current at the time of printing. However, no representations of any kind are made with regard to the accuracy, completeness, or sufficiency of the contents. The appropriate regulations and statutes should be consulted. Readers should not act on the information contained herein without seeking specific independent legal advice on their specific circumstance. The Infrastructure Health & Safety Association is pleased to answer individual requests for counselling and advice. This manual was developed, reviewed, and endorsed by the Boilermakers Labour-Management Health and Safety Committee in association with IHSA. Manual IHSA editor: Lori-Lynn Bonnell, design and illustrations: Philippa Giancontieri; project manager: Mike Russo. The Infrastructure Health & Safety Association would like to thank the members of the working group for contributing their knowledge, experience, and time to produce a health and safety manual that will benefit both labour and management in the boilermaker sector. The working group included representatives from the Boilermaker Contractors’ Association (BCA) as well as: · Marty Albright – Alstom Power Canada Inc. -
Corneal Rust Removal by Electric Drill Clinical Trial by Comparison with Manual Removal
Brit. Ophthal. (I975) 59, 586 Br J Ophthalmol: first published as 10.1136/bjo.59.10.586 on 1 October 1975. Downloaded from Corneal rust removal by electric drill Clinical trial by comparison with manual removal NICHOLAS BROWN, RICHARD CLEMETT, AND RODNEY GREY From the Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London The rusty ferrous corneal foreign body is a common In spite of the number of corneal electric drills reason for attendance at casualty departments. described, there appears to have been no clinical Improved efficiency in the treatment of this con- trial of their performance. A study is now reported dition would reduce both the clinician's time in which electric drill rust removal is compared spent with each patient and the patient's time off with manual removal. Design criteria for electric work. drills are also considered. Rust has a toxic effect on the corneal stroma, and if left in situ, after removal of the foreign body the rust-stained tissue undergoes necrosis and sloughs. Materials and methods Early removal of all rust without damage to the INSTRUMENTS cornea is therefore the aim of any form of treatment. After experience with a prototype instrument, a new Medical treatment in the form of local Des- slim electric drill (Fig. i) which can be held in the hand ferrioxamine has been used in the hope of removing like a pencil has been built to our design. It has a spring copyright. rust without causing any stromal destruction. A friction chuck to hold dental burrs and is operated by clinical trial to test Desferrioxamine against surgical light finger pressure from any side on a ring. -
Vehicle Maintenance
VEHICLE MAINTENANCE Introduction 1.0 Introduction The servicing of the automobile has also changed greatly to keep in step with the engineering advances of the industry. The tools and equipments which the early mechanic used were poor compared to today’s standard, and in many cases were made by the mechanic. Today’s automotive mechanic is well trained and works in a clean, bright, well- ventilated, specially designed automotive service centre. A thorough knowledge of the parts an understanding of the mechanisms are essential in order that faculty conditions in any part of automotive mechanism may be detected and corrected. As a result, the mechanic must possess the knowledge, skill, and experience in this field to be successful . Service Station A service station is a place where in addition to care of the motor vehicle like mechanical service and minor repairs, petrol is supplied, cars are lubricated, and cleaned, washed and other types of simpler services that are required daily are performed. In general it includes a number of sections like garage general it includes a number of sections like garage general service, mechanical service, major repair shop, tire shop, paint shop, body shop. A service station is addition to the equipment available is garage is usually run in conjunction with a sales agency for a particular type of motor vehicle to provide comprehensive repair service for that particular vehicle. The equipment available, in a general garage will be added with specialized equipment like lifting tackle, and different types of jigs, fixtures and tools specially designed for checking, adjusting and repair of particular type and make of the vehicle. -
Introduction to Turning Tools and Their Application Identification and Application of Cutting Tools for Turning
Introduction to Turning Tools and their Application Identification and application of cutting tools for turning The variety of cutting tools available for modern CNC turning centers makes it imperative for machine operators to be familiar with different tool geometries and how they are applied to common turning processes. This course curriculum contains 16-hours of material for instructors to get their students ready to identify different types of turning tools and their uses. ©2016 MachiningCloud, Inc. All rights reserved. Table of Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 2 Audience ..................................................................................................................................... 2 Purpose ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Lesson Objectives ........................................................................................................................ 2 Anatomy of a turning tool............................................................................................................... 3 Standard Inserts .............................................................................................................................. 3 ANSI Insert Designations ............................................................................................................. 3 Insert Materials -
Metal Drill Bits Hammer Drill Stronger Than Steel Chisel Drill Bits Stone and Special Metal Drill Bits
BITS METAL DRILL BITS HAMMER DRILL STRONGER THAN STEEL CHISEL DRILL BITS STONE AND SPECIAL METAL DRILL BITS 307 | HSS-E DIN 338 cobalt 76–79 WOOD DRILL BITS 311 | HSS TIN DIN 338 steel drill bit 80–81 302 | HSS DIN 338, ground, split point 82–85 300 | HSS DIN 338, standard 86–90 300 | HSS DIN 338, standard, shank reduced 91 340 | HSS DIN 340, ground, split point, long 92 342 | HSS DIN 1869, ground, extra long 93 SAWS 344 | HSS hollow section drill bit / Facade drill bit 94 345 | HSS DIN 345 morse taper 95–96 303 | HSS DIN 1897 pilot drill bit, ground, split point, extra short 97 310 | HSS DIN 8037 carbide tipped 98 312 | HSS-G Speeder DIN 338 RN metal drill bit 99 304 | HSS Double end drill bit, ground, split point 100 315 | HSS Drill bit KEILBIT, ground 101 317 | HSS combination tool KEILBIT 102 329 | HSS countersink KEILBIT 103 327 | HSS countersink 90° DIN 335 C 104 328 | HSS deburring countersink 105 ASSORTMENTS 326 | HSS tube and sheet drill bit 106 325 | HSS step drill 107 140 | Scriber 108 320 | HSS hole saw bi-metal 109–112 SHELVES | From Pros for Pros | www.keil.eu | 73 MODULES - BITS HAMMER DRILL METAL DRILL BITS Nothing stops the metal drill bits because we offer a drill bit for every application. CHISEL HSS-E TWIST DRILL BIT 135° The HSS-E drill bit is a cobalt alloyed high performance drill bit. Even with insufficient cooling it has reserve in heat resistance. Due to the alloying addition of 5 % Co in the cutting material these drill bits can be used for working with work pieces with a tensile strength of over 800N/m². -
1. Hand Tools 3. Related Tools 4. Chisels 5. Hammer 6. Saw Terminology 7. Pliers Introduction
1 1. Hand Tools 2. Types 2.1 Hand tools 2.2 Hammer Drill 2.3 Rotary hammer drill 2.4 Cordless drills 2.5 Drill press 2.6 Geared head drill 2.7 Radial arm drill 2.8 Mill drill 3. Related tools 4. Chisels 4.1. Types 4.1.1 Woodworking chisels 4.1.1.1 Lathe tools 4.2 Metalworking chisels 4.2.1 Cold chisel 4.2.2 Hardy chisel 4.3 Stone chisels 4.4 Masonry chisels 4.4.1 Joint chisel 5. Hammer 5.1 Basic design and variations 5.2 The physics of hammering 5.2.1 Hammer as a force amplifier 5.2.2 Effect of the head's mass 5.2.3 Effect of the handle 5.3 War hammers 5.4 Symbolic hammers 6. Saw terminology 6.1 Types of saws 6.1.1 Hand saws 6.1.2. Back saws 6.1.3 Mechanically powered saws 6.1.4. Circular blade saws 6.1.5. Reciprocating blade saws 6.1.6..Continuous band 6.2. Types of saw blades and the cuts they make 6.3. Materials used for saws 7. Pliers Introduction 7.1. Design 7.2.Common types 7.2.1 Gripping pliers (used to improve grip) 7.2 2.Cutting pliers (used to sever or pinch off) 2 7.2.3 Crimping pliers 7.2.4 Rotational pliers 8. Common wrenches / spanners 8.1 Other general wrenches / spanners 8.2. Spe cialized wrenches / spanners 8.3. Spanners in popular culture 9. Hacksaw, surface plate, surface gauge, , vee-block, files 10. -
BORING MACHINE • the Boring Machine Is One of the Vertalile Machine Tool Used to Enlarge Already Drilled Hole
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY UNIT – V Machine Tools Department of Automobile Engineering Manufacturing Technology Introduction • One of the most versatile machine tools; used to bore holes in large and heavy parts as engine frames, machine housings etc which are practically impossible to hold and rotate in an engine lathe or in a drilling machine. • Also drilling, milling and facing can be preformed with equal facility. • Along with attachments screw cutting, turning, grinding or gear cutting can also be performed. Department of Automobile Engineering Manufacturing Technology CLASSIFICATION OF BORING MACHINE • The boring machine is one of the vertalile machine tool used to enlarge already drilled hole. • Boring operation can be performed on lathe as that of turning where tool is stationary and work piece is rotating. • But in case of boring is rotating and work piece is stationary which is similar to • Drilling ,reaming , milling etc. • Boring machines can be classified based on position of boring tools, accuracy of work required etc. Department of Automobile Engineering Manufacturing Technology Boring machines 1. Horizontal 2. Vertical 3. Precision (Jig) Boring Boring Boring Machine Machine Machine (HBM) (VBM) (PBM) Department of Automobile Engineering Manufacturing Technology Types Horizontal boring machine: • The work is supported on a table which is stationary and tool revolves in a horizontal axis. • Can perform boring, reaming, turning, threading, facing, milling , grooving and many other operations with suitable tools. • Work piece -
3/8 In. Variable Speed Electric Drill Instruction Manual
COMPONENT COMPOSANT COMPONENTE N°691769 3/8 IN. VARIABLE SPEED ELECTRIC DRILL INSTRUCTION MANUAL PERCEUSE À PILE DE 3/8 PO, À VITESSE VARIABLE MODE D’EMPLOI MANUAL DE INSTRUCCIONES SOBRE EL TALADRO ELÉCTRICO DE 3/8 PULG. DE VELOCIDAD VARIABLE THIS MANUAL CONTAINS IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING SAFETY, OPERATION, MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE OF THIS PRODUCT. BEFORE USE, READ CAREFULLY AND UNDERSTAND ALL CAUTIONS, WARNINGS, INSTRUCTIONS AND PRODUCT LABELS. FAILURE TO DO SO COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS PERSONAL INJURY AND/OR PROPERTY DAMAGE. CE MANUEL CONTIENT DES INFORMATIONS IMPORTANTES CONCERNANT LA SÉCURITÉ, LE FONCTIONNEMENT ET LE REMISAGE DE CE PRODUIT. LIRE, ÉTUDIER ET VEILLER À BIEN COMPRENDRE TOUTES LES MISES EN GARDE ET INSTRUCTIONS ET AUTOCOLLANTS APPOSÉS SUR LE PRODUIT AVANT DE L’UTILISER. NE PAS RESPECTER CES INSTRUCTIONS POURRAIT ENTRAÎNER DES BLESSURES ET/OU DES DOMMAGES MATÉRIELS. ESTE MANUAL CONTIENE INFORMACIÓN IMPORTANTE SOBRE LA SEGURIDAD, OPERACIÓN, MANTENIMIENTO Y ALMACE- NAMIENTO DE ESTE PRODUCTO. ANTES DE USARLO, LEA Y COMPRENDA TODAS LAS PRECAUCIONES, ADVERTENCIAS, INSTRUCCIONES Y ETIQUETAS DEL PRODUCTO. DE LO CONTRARIO PODRÍA SUFRIR LESIONES GRAVES O CAUSAR DAÑOS MATERIALES. IF YOU SHOULD HAVE ANY QUESTIONS OR EXPERIENCE A PROBLEM WITH YOUR ALLTRADE PRODUCT, DO NOT RETURN THIS PRODUCT TO THE STORE. PLEASE CALL OUR CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPARTMENT AT 1-800-590-3723. BEFORE YOU CALL, KAWASAKI IS A TRADEMARK LICENSED BY KAWASAKI MOTORS HAVE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION AVAILABLE: MODEL No., DATE PURCHASED AND STORE LOCATION. AN ALLTRADE CORP., U.S.A., WHICH DOES NOT MANUFACTURE OR REPRESENTATIVE CAN RESOLVE YOUR PROBLEM OVER THE PHONE. IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO MAKE A SUGGESTION OR DISTRIBUTE THIS PRODUCT. -
ATD-10538 3/8” Electric Drill
ATD-10538 3/8” Electric Drill Tool specifications: Rated Voltage: (V) 120 Rated Frequency: (Hz) 60 Rated current: (A) 3.3 No-load Speed: (RPM) 0-2700 Speed Selection: Yes Right/Left Rotation: Yes Chuck Size: 3/8” (10 mm) Drilling Capacity (max): - Steel: 3/8” (10 mm) - Wood: 3/4” (20 mm) Net Weight: 3 lbs (1.4kg) WARNING – To reduce the risk of injury, please read this instruction manual before use. Intended use The ATD10538 drill is intended for impact drilling in brick, concrete as well as for drilling in wood, metal, ceramic and plastic. Electrical safety The electric motor has been designed for 120V only. Always check that the power supply corresponds to the voltage on the rating plate. Double insulation This tool is double insulated in accordance with EN60745; therefore no earth (ground) wire is required. General safety rules for work with electric tools Read and understand all instructions. Failure to follow all instructions listed below may result in electric shock, fire and/or serious personal injury. The term “power tool” in the warnings listed below refers to your electrically operated (corded) power tool or battery operated (cordless) power tool. Safety warning and precautions Save this manual. You will need the manual for the safety warning and precautions, assembly instructions, operating and maintenance procedures, parts list and diagram. Read these instructions before operating this product. Save this instruction and follow them to reduce the risk of fire, and personal injury. 1. Work area. a) Keep your work area clean and well lit. Cluttered benches and dark areas invite accidents.