India / Maharashtra / Nagpur Nagpur Metro Rail Project – Cin 1075 Content
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INDIA / MAHARASHTRA / NAGPUR NAGPUR METRO RAIL PROJECT – CIN 1075 CONTENT I - THE SECTOR AND ITS CHALLENGES .......................................................................................................... 2 1.1 - SECTOR PRESENTATION .......................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 - GOVERNMENT POLICY ............................................................................................................................ 3 1.3 - IMPORTANCE FOR THE COUNTRY ............................................................................................................ 3 1.4 - CONTRIBUTION TO FRENCH AID AND THE AFD’S STRATEGY ................................................................. 3 1.4.1 - Lessons learnt from the main activities of the AFD and other French aid actors in the sector ............ 3 1.4.2 - Contribution to French aid and the AFD’s overall strategic goals ....................................................... 4 II - PROJECT ............................................................................................................................................................. 4 2.1 - OVERALL OBJECTIVE .............................................................................................................................. 4 2.2 - SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................................. 4 2.3 - PROJECT CONTENT ................................................................................................................................. 4 2.4 - KEY ACTORS AND OPERATING METHODS ................................................................................................ 5 2.5 - COST AND FINANCING ............................................................................................................................ 5 2.6 - NATURE AND JUSTIFICATION OF THE FINANCIAL PRODUCT PROPOSED BY AFD ..................................... 6 III - PROJECT IMPACT EVALUATION ............................................................................................................... 7 3.1 - EXPECTED EFFECTS OF THE PROJECT ...................................................................................................... 7 3.1.1 - Economic impact ................................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.2 - Environmental impact ........................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.3 - Social impact ......................................................................................................................................... 7 3.1.4 - Institutional impact ................................................................................................................................ 7 3.1.5 - Long-term project impact ...................................................................................................................... 7 3.2 - ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT .................................................................................................. 8 IV - MONITORING MEASURES – ASSESSMENT AND INDICATORS .......................................................... 9 4.1 - MONITORING – ASSESSMENT INDICATORS .............................................................................................. 9 4.2 - IMPACT INDICATORS .............................................................................................................................. 9 Aggregated indicators ......................................................................................................................................... 9 Cop-M2021 ope-M2021 NCO Note de communication publique operation PAY.doc 1/9 I - THE SECTOR AND ITS CHALLENGES 1.1 - Sector presentation Over the last decades, India has faced a massive population growth. The rate of urbanization remains low and progresses rather slowly, as it increased from 28% in 2001 to 31% in 2011, date of the last census. However, the size of the Indian urban population is very important in numbers: urban dwellers are expected to increase from 377 million today to 590 million in 2030. Urban transport infrastructure does not meet this population growth. As an example, only 20 of 85 cities with over 500 000 inhabitants have a bus system organized by the public authorities. The rapidly increasing number of private cars intensifies the phenomena of pollution and congestion in cities, especially because of the important diversity of flows on the roads (from the bike to the truck on the same path, with numerous auto-rickshaws in-between). Until recently, public transport essentially consisted in buses, which were usually old, poorly maintained and polluting. The development of metro projects as a mass transport solution is a relatively new phenomenon in India. The concentration of population and predictable growth of travel flows led the Government of India to favor the largest cities (over 2 million inhabitants) for the development of heavy modes of public transport such as metros. In these cities, the metro lines are usually built on viaducts in the middle of the primary road network, more rarely underground given the costs and delays caused by this technical solution. Located in the State of Maharashtra, Nagpur lies precisely in the geographical center of India. The State of Maharashtra is the richest state in India, contributing up to 15 % of the national industrial output and up to 13% of the GDP. This is the second most populous state in India with 112 million inhabitants, with an urbanization rate of 42% which is well above the national average. With 2.5 million inhabitants, Nagpur is the 3rd largest city in the state. Its population growth of 18% over the period 2001-2011 remains below that of major Indian cities over the same period. Its economy relies mainly on local trade, banking and dynamic industrial sector (power generation, cement, steel). Nagpur is also an important university city with one of the best literacy rates in India (93%), as well as the winter capital of the Federal Assembly. Over the decades, Nagpur has maintained a tradition of urban planning and public consultation. The prioritization of its road network, the respect of a land use plan and the preservation of land reserves in the city center are all markers of this good urban management, defined in the City Development Plan from 2006 and the Metropolitan Nagpur Development Plan for 2012-20. The city was ranked as the second cleanest and greenest in the country. It was recently chosen as a model city for experimenting renewable energy initiatives, especially in the solar sector. In the South of the city, an ambitious economic development project is implemented around a Special Economic Zone of 4187 ha near the airport: the Multi-modal International Passenger and Cargo Hub Airport at Nagpur (MIHAN). Initiated a decade ago by the Maharashtra Airport Development Company (MADC), the project foresees the implementation of national and international export companies from different sectors. The land acquisition process was particularly long and the first companies are only beginning to take root: 32 companies are already located there and some 6 000 jobs have already been created. The ambitious goal is to eventually generate 150 000 direct jobs and 300 000 indirect jobs. Cop-M2021 ope-M2021 NCO Note de communication publique operation PAY.doc 2/9 With its strategic location, Nagpur is well connected by air and rail: every day, 160 trains from different localities carry 100 000 passengers, and 5 000 persons use the airport. The road network is well-dimensioned and prioritized. By a system of double urban ring road, the city has managed to relatively control its congestion until recently. The only public transport mode in the city is the urban bus network, whose management is delegated to an external operator. Following a model of public service delegation (net cost contract), Vansh Nimay Infrastructure Private Limited (VNIPL) currently operates 230 buses, carrying nearly 200 000 passengers per day on 42 routes. Motorized travels in the city of Nagpur are overwhelmingly dominated by two-wheelers. Modal shares are distributed among private cars for 12%, public transports for 9%, auto-rickshaws for 12% and motorcycles for 65%. The motor park is constantly increasing, with 40 000 new vehicles registered per year over the past decade. Non-motorized travels represent only 15% of total trips. 1.2 - Government policy Implemented in 2006, the National Urban Transport Policy promotes an integrated approach to transport, notably through the establishment of Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority (UMTA) in the cities of more than one million inhabitants. At the national level, the 12th Five Year Plan (2012-2017) highlights the difficulties linked to the major congestion in Indian cities. It recommends the development of urban rail systems at high speed and rapid regional networks, integrating different modes via unique tickets and with audits on social and gender issues. Since his election in May 2014, Prime Minister Narendra Modi stressed the need to develop cities and infrastructure to sustain economic growth. He announced his objective of implementing (i) the Smart Cities Mission, designed to develop 100 smart cities, and (ii) the Atal Mission for Rejuvenation