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Advocacy Coalitions, Bonner Bridge, and the Future of Nc 12 on North Carolina’S Outer Banks
SHIFTING SANDS AND SHIFTING STRATEGIES: ADVOCACY COALITIONS, BONNER BRIDGE, AND THE FUTURE OF NC 12 ON NORTH CAROLINA’S OUTER BANKS by Deanna F. Swain May 2017 Director of Dissertation: Dr. Burrell Montz Major Department: Coastal Resources Management Coastal management decisions are complicated. They involve an array of competing concerns, including environmental, social, economic, recreational, and property interests, and are inherently political. These decisions become even more difficult when interested groups use their political and economic leverage to influence the policy debate. The Bonner Bridge replacement project on North Carolina’s Outer Banks is an example of how this blend of politics, science, and competing interests can result in extraordinary complexity. This research project uses a qualitative case study of the Bonner Bridge replacement to explore how a bridge project became more about priorities and values than science and technical feasibility and how interested parties, acting through informal coalitions, strategically worked to shape the policy debate. In the process, we see how the replacement of a single aging bridge required 25 years of planning, four environmental impact statements, an environmental assessment, federal and state lawsuits, and a negotiated settlement before a single piling was put into place. Drawing on the policy process literature, this project applies aspects of the Advocacy Coalition and Narrative Policy Frameworks to a qualitative content analysis of the bridge project over a 25 year period (1990-2015). The analysis tracks the emergence and evolution of two distinct coalitions and compares their use of general and narrative strategies to influence the bridge debate. The project addresses an under-explored area in the Advocacy Coalition Framework literature by focusing on how coalitions act strategically to exploit an internal shock within the policy subsystem and contributes to the literature by exploring the intersection of the two frameworks. -
Citizen Petition Form
CITIZEN PETITION FORM Date: 02/26/2021 Is sue: Allow the launching and landing of paragliders within the Radium SWA Which rule are you seeking to create or revise? Please include a copy of the rule you are proposing to create or change, preferably with the change made in redline format. I am seeking an area specific exemption to the broad prohibition on the launching and landing of aircraft to restore historical I am use seeking by paragliders an area to the specific Radium State exemption Wildlife Area. to the broad prohibition on the launching and landing of aircraft within State Wildlife Areas to restore historical use by This rule is defined in the State Wildlife Area Access Rules: paragliders to the Radium SWA. Except when specifically authorized, the following activities The arerelevant PROHIBITED rule on is lands, defined waters, by frozen the following in the SWA access rules: surfaces of waters, rights-of-way, buildings or devicesExcept under when CPW control:specifically authorized, the follow activities are PROHIBITED on lands, 21.waters, To launch frozen or land aircraft,surfaces including of waters, drones. rights-of-ways, buildings or devices under CPW control: 21. To launch or land aircraft, including drones. Why are you seeking to create or revise this rule? Please include a general statement of the reasons for the requested rule or revision and any relevant information related to the request. The Radium SWA has been frequented by paraglider, hang glider, and remote control aircraft pilots since the early 1990's. Due to its large open slopes and SE aspect, it is an ideal area for morning and midday flying. -
Oregon Inlet Opened in 1846 As Water Rushed from the Sound to the Ocean
Oregon Inlet opened in 1846, when a big hurricane along the Outer Banks caused water to rush from the sound to the ocean. Since that time, the inlet has migrated steadily south at a rate of around 100 feet per year. A good measure of the inlet’s journey is the Bodie Island Lighthouse, which once stood at the margin of the inlet but is now 3 miles away. In 1962, the Bonner Bridge replaced the ferry that shuttled people and cars across Oregon Inlet. Construction of the bridge, with its high fixed-span, instantly stopped the long history if inlet migration. But sand continued to pour into the inlet from the north, the driving force behind the inlet’s southerly migration, creating ever-expanding navigation and dredging problems. After 40 years, the Bonner Bridge is rapidly deteriorating and two possible replacement alternatives are being evaluated: A bridge immediately parallel to the current bridge and a 17 mile-long bridge that would extend into Pamlico Sound, run along the backside of Pea Island and connect to Hatters Island at Rodanthe. The initial cost of constructing the Pamlico Sound Bridge is much higher than that of the Parallel Bridge. But the overall long-term costs of a Parallel Bridge greatly exceed those of the Pamlico Sound Bridge. This is because the Parallel Bridge requires the continued protection and maintenance of State Highway 12 on Pea Island. Over time, as the shoreline erodes back in response to a rising sea level, the cost of stabilizing Pea Island will become higher. Construction impacts to wetlands and sea grass beds are essentially the same for each bridge. -
The Most Important Dates in the History of Surfing
11/16/2016 The most important dates in the history of surfing (/) Explore longer 31 highway mpg2 2016 Jeep Renegade BUILD & PRICE VEHICLE DETAILS ® LEGAL Search ... GO (https://www.facebook.com/surfertoday) (https://www.twitter.com/surfertoday) (https://plus.google.com/+Surfertodaycom) (https://www.pinterest.com/surfertoday/) (http://www.surfertoday.com/rssfeeds) The most important dates in the history of surfing (/surfing/10553themost importantdatesinthehistoryofsurfing) Surfing is one of the world's oldest sports. Although the act of riding a wave started as a religious/cultural tradition, surfing rapidly transformed into a global water sport. The popularity of surfing is the result of events, innovations, influential people (http://www.surfertoday.com/surfing/9754themostinfluentialpeopleto thebirthofsurfing), and technological developments. Early surfers had to challenge the power of the oceans with heavy, finless surfboards. Today, surfing has evolved into a hightech extreme sport, in which hydrodynamics and materials play vital roles. Surfboard craftsmen have improved their techniques; wave riders have bettered their skills. The present and future of surfing can only be understood if we look back at its glorious past. From the rudimentary "caballitos de totora" to computerized shaping machines, there's an incredible trunk full of memories, culture, achievements and inventions to be rifled through. Discover the most important dates in the history of surfing: 30001000 BCE: Peruvian fishermen build and ride "caballitos -
January LTS Specials
10-Jan-18 Community Recreation Division - Leisure Travel Service Fort Shafter LTS Schofield Barracks LTS (808) 438-1985 (808) 655-9971 January LTS Specials www.himwr.com/lts Discounted Attractions & Events Tickets Hawaii Attractions Complete Pricelist Attractions Polynesian Cultural Center - General Admission Expires: 30 April 2018 Adult: $33.00 / Child (4-11 yrs): $25.00 Cruises Dolphin Star - Wild Dolphin Watch Expires: 31 March 2018 2 Adult/Child (Ages 3 and up) for $66.00 Majestic Cruise - Appetizer Expires: 31 March 2018 **$10 of regular LTS rate. NOT valid on Friday Night Fireworks. Ages 7 and up: $49.00 Majestic Cruise - Island Buffet Expires: 31 March 2018 **$10 off the Adult Regular LTS rate. NOT valid on Friday Night Fireworks. Adult: $72.00 Majestic Cruise - Island Buffet BOGO Free Child Expires: 31 March 2018 **Buy One Adult and get the Child Free. NOT valid on Friday Night Fireworks. Adult: $82.00 / Child (7-12 yrs): FREE Majestic Cruise - Whale Watch Expires: 31 March 2018 **$10 off the Adult Regular LTS rate. Adult: $44.00 Majestic Cruise - Whale Watch Expires: 31 March 2018 **Buy One Adult and get the Child Free Adult: $54.00 / Child (7-12 yrs): FREE Star of Honolulu - Early Morning Whale Watch - No Meal Expires: 5 April, 2018 **Free Child with each paying adult, cruise only Adult: $30.00 Additional Child (3-11 yrs): $17.75 Star of Honolulu - Early Morning Whale Watch w/Breakfast Expires: 5 April, 2018 **Free Child with each paying adult, cruise only Adult: $40.50 Additional Child (3-11 yrs): $25.00 Child Meal Upgrade: -
Notice of Race 1
29th Athens International Sailing Week 2019 Winter Series Olympic and Parasailing Classes National Championships 2019 International Classes: Optimist, Laser 4.7, Techno293, Techno Plus and 420 Faliron Olympic Complex Marina Delta Kallithea’s 08 - 16 November 2019 Notice of Race 1. ORGANIZING AUTHORITY Hellenic Sailing Federation. 2. RULES The event will be governed by : o The Racing Rules of Sailing 2017-2020 (World sailing). o The prescriptions of the Hellenic National Authority will not apply, except N1: RRS 40 (PFD). All competitors, race officials and support personnel shall be required to wear an adequate personal floatation device at all times while afloat. o The National Authority prescriptions 2 and 3 shall apply for Greeks competing at the Athens International Sailing Week o The Class rules (unless otherwise modified by this Notice of Race and the Sailing Instructions). o The HSF 2019 racing programme concerning National Championships. o This Notice of Race. o The Sailing Instructions. o If there is a conflict between a rule in the Notice of Race and a rule in the Sailing Instructions, the rule in the Sailing Instructions shall take precedence. This changes RRS 63.7. o If there is a conflict between languages the English text shall take precedence. 3. ADVERTISING The World Sailing Advertising Code, Regulation 20 shall apply. Boats may be required to display a bow number and advertisement of the event sponsor on either side on the forward 25% of the hull. Sailboards may be required to display such number and advertising on either side of the sail above the wishbone. Boats authorized to have advertising must present the permission of their National Authority. -
A Kite Surfing Scenario
Biomechanics of extreme sports – a kite surfing scenario Lina Lundgren 1, Sofia Olandersson 1, Marita Hilliges 1, Anna-Lisa Osvalder 2 1Product Development in Healthcare, PRODEA research group, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden Email: [email protected] 2 Department of Product- and Production Development, Division of Design Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden Do extreme sports contribute to higher biomechanical stress compared to other sports? Kite surfing is one of the upcoming popular extreme sports, where very few have studied the mechanical forces that act on the body. There are several factors that contribute to mechanical stress, and for preventing injuries it is of interest to investigate how these forces affect the body and how we can develop the equipment and prepare the athletes for making it as safe as possible. This project will study injury prevalence, motion analysis and mapping of forces and pressure during kite surfing. The outcome will be a better understanding of biomechanics of kite surfing and a construction for testing and training. biomechanics, kite surfing, injuries, muscle strength, motion analysis 1 Introduction Extreme sports are becoming more and more popular, and since these sports often are associated with higher risks than other sports (Slanger, Rudestam, 1997), it is also possible that the biomechanical stress is higher and contributes to more injuries. Kite surfing is a water sport where the practitioner goes on water with a board through the power of a kite 25 meters up in the air. The kite is attached to the body via a Force from harness around the waist or hip (see Fig. -
University of Montana Hang Gliding and Paragliding Club Membership Application
University of Montana Hang Gliding and Paragliding Club Membership Application Name________________________________________________________________________ Address______________________________________________________________________ Phone#‘s_____________________________Email____________________________________ USHPA Pilot number________________ Rating______________Expiration date_____________ Glider manufacturer, model and color_______________________________________________ Vehicle make, model, color____________________________________ License#___________ Dues paid:__________________________Date:_______________ Driver’s name___________________________________ Phone #_______________________ Driver’s name___________________________________ Phone #_______________________ BY SIGNING THIS FORM, YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE A COPY OF AND UNDERSTAND, THE REQUIREMENTS FOR FLIGHT DOCUMENT, CREATED FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA HANG GLIDING AND PARAGLIDING CLUB. YOU MUST INITIAL EACH PARAGRAPH IN THE DOCUMENT, SIGN THIS FORM, AND RETURN IT TO THE UM HANG GLIDING AND PARAGLIDING CLUB BEFORE YOU FLY THIS SITE. NO EXCEPTIONS. IF YOU CANNOT HONESTLY INITIAL ANY OF THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPHS BECAUSE YOU DO NOT UNDERSTAND SOMETHING, PLEASE GET CLARIFICATION. IF YOU ARE UNWILLING, FOR ANY REASON, TO INITIAL ANY OF THE PARAGRAPHS IN THE REQUIREMENTS FOR FLIGHT DOCUMENT, DO NOT FLY THIS SITE! THERE ARE OTHER SITES THAT WOULD BE MORE SUITED TO YOUR NEEDS. Name (printed)________________________________________________ Signature_______________________________________Date_______________ -
Klipsun Magazine, 1996, Volume 26, Issue 06-September
Western Washington University Western CEDAR Klipsun Magazine Western Student Publications 9-1996 Klipsun Magazine, 1996, Volume 26, Issue 06 - September Stephanie Thomson Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/klipsun_magazine Part of the Higher Education Commons, and the Journalism Studies Commons Recommended Citation Thomson, Stephanie, "Klipsun Magazine, 1996, Volume 26, Issue 06 - September" (1996). Klipsun Magazine. 174. https://cedar.wwu.edu/klipsun_magazine/174 This Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Western Student Publications at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in Klipsun Magazine by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Editor’s Note Klipsun n the past few years, Klipsun has offered issues with assorted themes, such as politics, consumerism, women’s issues and rela W Washington University tionships. When the other editors and I sat down to select which Iarticles we wanted to run in this issue, we realized three stories shared VOLUME 26, ISSUE 6 a common theme — they all related to the performing arts. EDITOR: Stephanie Thomson MANAGING EDITOR: Heather Wlslet Jeremy Stiles gives us a sample of an ordinary open mic night STORY EDITORS: Collin Coyne at a downtown Bellingham bar, where performers with visions of star Wendy Gross PHOTOGRAPHY EDITOR: Tim Klein dom come together with performers who don’t have the same aspira LAYOUT COORDINATOR: Loc Nguyen tions but do share a love for music. illustrator: Kelly Jacksoii Wendy Gross spent time at Seattle’s O.K. Hotel interviewing STAFF WRITERS several Northwest poets prior to writing her article on spoken word Shelby Benny Joanna Cerar performances. -
Jet Ski for the Song of the Same Name by Bikini Kill, See Reject All
Jet Ski From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Jet skiing) For the song of the same name by Bikini Kill, see Reject All American. European Personal Watercraft Championship in Crikvenica Waverunner in Japan Racing scene at the German Championship 2007 Jet Ski is the brand name of a personal watercraft manufactured by Kawasaki Heavy Industries. The name is sometimes mistakenly used by those unfamiliar with the personal watercraft industry to refer to any type of personal watercraft; however, the name is a valid trademark registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office, and in many other countries.[1] The term "Jet Ski" (or JetSki, often shortened to "Ski"[2]) is often mis-applied to all personal watercraft with pivoting handlepoles manipulated by a standing rider; these are properly known as "stand-up PWCs." The term is often mistakenly used when referring to WaveRunners, but WaveRunner is actually the name of the Yamaha line of sit-down PWCs, whereas "Jet Ski" refers to the Kawasaki line. [3] [3] [4] Recently, a third type has also appeared, where the driver sits in the seiza position. This type has been pioneered by Silveira Customswith their "Samba". Contents [hide] • 1 Histor y • 2 Freest yle • 3 Freeri de • 4 Close d Course Racing • 5 Safety • 6 Use in Popular Culture • 7 See also • 8 Refer ences • 9 Exter nal links [edit]History In 1929 a one-man standing unit called the "Skiboard" was developed, guided by the operator standing and shifting his weight while holding on to a rope on the front, similar to a powered surfboard.[5] While somewhat popular when it was first introduced in the late 1920s, the 1930s sent it into oblivion.[citation needed] Clayton Jacobson II is credited with inventing the personal water craft, including both the sit-down and stand-up models. -
Mid-Atlantic Coastal and Ocean Recreation Study
New Jersey MID-ATLANTIC COASTAL AND OCEAN RECREATION STUDY The Surfrider Foundation, in partnership with Point 97, The Nature Conservancy, and Monmouth University’s Urban Coast Institute, (the Team), and in collaboration with the Mid-Atlantic Regional Council on the Ocean (MARCO), conducted a Coastal and Ocean Recreation Study (Study) for the Mid-Atlantic region in 2013-2014. The Study engaged recreational users and the public in providing data on “non-consumptive” recreational use, including surfing, diving, kayaking, beach going, and wildlife viewing. This data was previously unavailable and fills a key gap in our understanding of coastal and ocean uses in New Jersey and the Mid-Atlantic. METHODS The Team used a web-based survey accessible by mobile phones, tablets, or desktop/laptop computers to collect data from respondents on recreational use patterns, trip expenditures, and demographics. To obtain this data, the survey included a series of questions and an easy-to-use interactive mapping tool, where respondents could mark the places they went to recreate over the last year. The Team then analyzed the resulting spatial data to develop maps indicating intensity of use for recreational activities in the region (see map insert). To promote participation in the Study, the Team conducted outreach to over 300 recreational groups and businesses throughout the Mid- Atlantic region. In total, Mid-Atlantic respondents completed nearly 1,500 surveys resulting in over 22,000 unique data points. NEW JERSEY: STUDY FINDINGS Coastal and ocean recreation encompasses a popular and diverse group of activities in New Jersey (see graphic below) resulting in major economic and social benefits to coastal communities. -
Historic and Architectural Resources of Currituck County 1790-1958
NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Historic and Architectural Resources of Currituck County, 1790-1958 Section __E___ Page __1 =================================================================================== Introduction “When Nature came to design the topography of eastern North Carolina,” wrote North Carolina historian Charles Christopher Crittenden in 1936, “she almost persuaded herself to create a great maritime center.”1 The interplay between water and land in Currituck is key to understanding the history and evolution of the county. Although one of the oldest in the state of North Carolina, the county has also been one of the most overlooked. Piecing together the history of the county is difficult. Many of the records pertaining to the early history of Currituck have been lost or destroyed. A courthouse fire in 1842, for example, destroyed a substantial body of records, including marriage records. As a consequence, much of the county’s past lives on as oral history; written accounts tend to be either personal reminiscences or a recounting of events that have been passed orally through the different generations of a family. The history of the county remains to be written. A Geographical Overview of the County The most northeasterly of the one hundred North Carolina counties, Currituck is a peninsula: the land is long and narrow, low and even. The county consists of a mainland 1 Charles Christoper Crittenden, The Commerce of North Carolina 1763-1789. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1936, p. 8. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No.