15764 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS TRUCKING INDUSTRY STATES ing over 26,000 pounds constitute 3.8% of These two kinds of emissions react in the ITS SUPPORT FOR CLEAN AIR the morning rush, 5.5% of midday offpeak atmosphere to form ozone. traffic, and 2.6% of the evening rush. 58% of all carbon monoxide emissions. But If some of you know where there is still a heavy-duty diesel engine trucks contribute HON.GLENNM.ANDERSON fast lane left in Los Angeles, look out: it will 1%. OF CALIFORNIA soon vanish. By 2010, 9 million more people, Of course, in any area the proportion con­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with 8 million more cars, will move to Cali­ tributed by transportation depends on that fornia. Without new roads, the average com­ area's geography, historical development Friday, July 21, 1989 muting time will hit two hours by 2010, up patterns, and mix of stationary and area Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, earlier this from 45 minutes now. In 20 years average sources. In most non-attainment areas like month the president of the American Trucking travel speeds will slow from today's 35 Los Angeles, Denver, and New York City, Associations gave a farsighted speech. The m.p.h. to 19 m.p.h. More than half of daily the mobile source . the use of alternative fuels in everyday com­ and Congress are addressing three big air VMT is calculated by multiplying the mercial conditions. quality issues: acid rain, toxic air, and smog. number of vehicles driven times the number 1. Acid rain encompasses a spectrum of As Congress and the public consider the of miles each is operated. persistent effects of low-level air pollutants Both the number of vehicles and miles President's clean air proposals, legislators and on the environment. Sulfur oxides emitted each travels increase with population and citizens would do well during the months by older, coal-burning electric power plants economic prosperity, so VMT can be expect­ ahead to study the practical views of the and industrial boilers are the primary ed to continue to grow. VMT is the conges­ leader of one of America's most essential in­ source. tion-pollution connection. Looked at this dustries. 2. Thousands of toxic air pollutants are way, congestion and pollution are Siamese produced daily by large factories and refin­ twins. Mr. Speaker, I insert the text of Mr. Dono­ eries and by small "area sources" like neigh­ hue's July 7 speech: borhood dry cleaners and gas stations. The III. WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT Clean Air Act and the Toxic Substances Almost every day I hear someone confirm THE CONGESTION-POLLUTION CONNECTION Control Act regulate some sources of seven the wisdom of the "sage of Baltimore," H.L. 3. More than 100 million Americans live in plex and difficult problem, there is an INTRODUCTION 81 urban areas where air quality does not answer that is simple, easy, ... and Thank you, Rotary president John meet the legal levels. These smog areas are wrong." Westwater and program chairman William called "non-attainment areas" because they An answer to the congestion-pollution Lochmoeller. I am pleased to be with Rotar­ have not achieved National Ambient Air problem? Ban trucks! Simple and easy? Yes. ians in Los Angeles. Just Wednesday I spoke Quality Standards for ozone and carbon But wrong! Trucks are essential to the econ­ to the Rotary Club in New Orleans. monoxide. omy. Trucks haul 80% of the dollar value of I am glad to be in Los Angeles again. Last Ozone and carbon monoxide, in turn, all freight carried in our nation. A local ex­ fall ATA took over the Westin Bonaventure come from emissions of factories, utilities, ample is the port of Los Angeles: Trucks for a week for our Annual Management refineries; cars, trucks, buses; and many usually the first and last party to handle Conference and Exhibition. We kept most smaller sources such as bakeries, hair container shipments. Trucks are only minor of our members away from the World Series sprays, lawn mowers, barbecue grills, paints contributor to rush-hour congestion. Motor and had a very productive meeting. and solvents. carriers don't want trucks, drivers, and A few years ago one wag defined Los An­ Motor vehicle emissions contribute only to cargo tied up in rush-hour. geles as "a kind of post-urban process rather smog problems. Vehicle emissions contain a What can we do together to unlock grid­ than a city." "Post-urban process"-that's a wide variety of substances, too many to con­ lock? Spread out all the volume; spread out pretty good definition. Los Angeles is a post­ trol individually. The current practice is to the vehicle miles traveled, those VMTs. If urban process characterized and shaped by control: drivers really believe the problem is real, congestion and pollution. Hydrocarbons are a mix of unburned and it is, then you need to get a lot of those and partially burned fuel components. driver-only cars out of rush hour. In Wash­ I. CONGESTION Oxides of nitrogen are a mixture of ington, car-pool-only lanes on the express­ Every rush hour 850,000 people in 750,000 substances formed when the nitrogen and ways give a visible incentive to those driver­ cars venture onto Los Angeles roadways. oxygen in the air going through an engine only cars stuck in traffic. Called "HOV-3" The Los Angeles freeway system could be react with each other in the hot engine cyl­ lanes, these make a big difference. considered the 8th wonder of the world. The inders. Coordinated incident and accident man­ Country's freeway system extends more Carbon monoxide is another product agement of the freeways is vital. Multiple than 500 miles and carries more than 6 mil­ of incomplete fuel combustion. agency efforts, heavy tow trucks and rescue lion car and truck trips every day. Stretched Particulates are soot particles resulting equipment, enhanced communications, and end to end, those cars and trucks would fill from incomplete fuel combustion. videotaping accident scenes can all speed 6 lanes of traffic more than 5,600 miles long. The Environmental Protection Agency clearance of accident sites. That's 6 lanes from Los Angeles to New says that the transportation sector, all cars, We support the pilot roadside smoke test York City and ba~! Some of you must feel trucks, and buses, contributes nationally: program for diesel trucks that is similar to like you are stuck out there twice a day with 27% of all hydrocarbons. But heavy-duty the smog check program currently required 6 million vehicles at once. Trucks are actual­ diesel engine trucks contribute only 1%. on passenger cars in California. Right now ly only a small part of Los Angeles Freeway 34% of all nitrogen oxides. But heavy-duty the California Highway Patrol is just cali­ traffic. Cal Trans reports that trucks weigh- diesel engine trucks contribute 10%. brating the test equipment and diagnosing

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. July 21, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15765 smoke and emissions problems. Next spring 4. We oppose tampering with engines and Corrosive.-Methanol is highly corrosive mandatory testing begins at all weigh sta­ misfueling trucks with dirty diesel.-We to conventional materials. It will require tions, and penalties will be assessed for support federal guidelines for diesel engines stainless steel fuel lines on vehicles and spe­ smoke violations. emissions inspection and maintenance pro­ cial aircraft-type dry break fueling nozzles Let's consider an 18-hour day economy for grams implemented by states in non-attain­ and hoses. Underground storage will require Los Angeles. Look to expand the business ment areas. America has more than 200,000 burying all new, stronger tanks at every day, not as a penalty but as an economic op­ trucking companies: 90% of them own five truck stop and trucking company terminal. portunity that recognizes we live in a global or fewer trucks; of these the majority own Low Energy Content.-On a volume for economy. What if Los Angeles were on a only one truck. Just as some people tam­ volume basis, methanol has about half the schedule running form when the sun rises pered with lead-free gasoline, you can be energy content of diesel fuel. So it takes 2 on the business and financial world in New sure some people will want to tamper with gallons of methanol to do the work of 1 York and until the sun sets on business and low-sulfur diesel. gallon of diesel. Heavy-duty trucks multiply finance in Tokyo? That would put Los Ange­ You heard that right: the trucking indus­ methanol's problems. Unlike cars, a diesel les in sync with Pacific Rim nations. try is supporting mandatory truck emissions truck runs over 500,000 to 1 million miles a An 18-hour business day could spread out inspections. Standards should be federally year. Where will the methanol supply come the volume of commuting and shipping over established, and inspections should be im­ from? Today most methanol is made from a much longer time period. It could provide plemented by states. Emissions inspection natural gas, but domestic natural gas is genuine relief to the congestion-pollution and maintenance programs must be based almost as expensive as oil. So if methanol connection and would stimulate L.A.'s pro­ on objective measurements which can be catches on, the natural gas would probably ductivity and economy as well. The concept corroborated by accurate and repeatable come from where prices are much lower­ needs to be studied and its economic impact tests. from the Middle East. assessed. 5. We support studies on the use of alter­ 7. In spite of all this, if governments at IV. WHERE THE TRUCKING INDUSTRY STANDS native fuels and the Department of Energy any level-state, federal, or local-decide to We know trucks are a small part of the demonstration program to evaluate alterna­ require methanol, we will demand that they congestion-pollution connection, but we tive fuels in heavy trucks operated in every­ indemnify the trucking industry from law­ intend to be a big part of the pollution solu­ day commercial conditions. The only way to suits resulting from health and accident li­ tion. assess alternative fuels is to give them con­ ability claims involving people and the envi­ First, a little background on where we've trolled trials in real operating conditions. ronment. If they won't indemnify trucking, been over the last 5 years on the safety California's AB 234 Advisory Board on Air we want to know why not. We won't end up front. The trucking industry has won feder­ Quality and Alternative Fuels now agrees like the companies that produced asbestos. al safety laws and regulations for: with the need for demonstration programs. I guess you can tell: We oppose mandating Roadside truck inspections, now funded at The Advisory Board spent a year deliber­ the use of alternative fuels that are literally $50 million annually, are up 3,000% from 5 ating whether to mandate new fuels for untried and absolutely unproven in every­ years ago; heavy-duty engines. On June 15 the Board day, real-world use. We support an alterna­ Uniform commercial driver's licenses, agreed that now is not the time to make rec­ tive that works: clean, low-sulfur, smokeless issued by states, each with a unique biomet­ ommendations on heavy-duty trucking's use diesel. ric identifier for each truck driver; of methanol engines. The Board suggested Repeal of the commercial zone safety ex­ that the California Air Resources Board re­ V. CONCLUSION emption; visit the issue in 1991 when data from The air overhead engulfs us all. Clean air Initiating tough new standards on drug heavy-duty truck methanol demonstration is a natural resource that is priceless for and alcohol use, and we are calling for man­ programs will become available. ourselves, our children, and the future of datory randon drug testing for all truck 6. We are deeply concerned about the our society. It sustains everything any of us drivers; health and safety effects associated with al­ do. We're also for the 55 m.p.h. speed limit; ternative fuels.-Methanol, ethanol, com­ The trucking industry supports transpor­ And we want to ban radar detectors from pressed natural gas (CNG), and liquefied pe­ tation safety, a strong economy, and clean trucks, too. troleum gas balance between person and community too OF NEW YORK somehow holds us together, indivisible, far, the court is creating a privileged philos­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under that Constitution. And the flag ophy of individualism, whose social conse­ stands for the republic. quences are worrisome. Friday, July 21, 1989 The United States is unusual among coun­ That the flag is, in a unique way, a public Mr. GARCIA. Mr. Speaker, I rise to call your tries, in that our people are of so many good has been recognized by many opinions stocks. We don't pledge allegiance to a volk, of the Supreme Court, Chief Justice Earl attention to an aspect of one of the major as the Germans do; or to a language, like Warren wrote in Street vs. New York 0969): problems affecting most of our major metro­ the French; or to a "sceptered isle," as the "I believe that the State and Federal Gov­ politan areas today. I would like to enter into British do. We pledge allegiance to a form ernment do have the power to protect the the record the following article, "Born to of government: Take away the republic, and flag from acts of desecration and disgrace." Lose," taken from the Wall Street Journal, the deal is off. To which Justice Hugo Black added: "It Wednesday, July 18, 1989. In recent years, however, many sensitive passes my belief that anything in the Feder­ The use of crack, the high potency deriva­ scholars have begun to fear that our nation al Constitution bars a State from making tive of cocaine, has left whole communities is losing its sense of community. They dis­ the deliberate burning of the American flag cern the rapid growth of moral and political an offense." And Justice Abe Fortas, too: victimized. The costs of its abuse is borne by atomism. They worry that the balance be­ "The states and the Federal Government inner city hospitals and social work networks tween centrifugal and centripetal forces in have the power to protect the flag from acts as well as by the individual users themselves. this republic has been lost. of desecration committeed in public." There have been calls for punishing the While I do not think that this judgment is In Spence vs. Washington 0974), al­ users of crack and other drugs, for exposing warranted for our people as a whole, it does though siding with a defendant who taped a their unborn children, but how can punishing seem true of a certain vein of reasoning in peace sign over his flag in his own apart­ the addicted mother help the child if the the Supreme Court, evident most recently ment window, the court took care to note mother cannot help herself? With chemical in its flag-burning decision. that the "defendant was not charged with Justice William Brennan for the majority the desecration statute, nor did he perma­ dependence, the user is as helpless as a makes two claims that seem highly debata­ nently disfigure the flag or destroy it." new-born child. Rather let this be an incentive ble, except from a certain ideological point In Smith vs. Goguen 0974), the court for increased rehabilitation and drug treatment of view. First, he claims that the state of again affirmed that "nothing prevents a leg­ centers. Texas prosecuted Gregory Johnson "for his islature from defining with substantial spec­ [From the Wall Street Journal, July 18, expression of dissatisfaction with the poli­ ificity what constitutes forbidden treatment 1989) cies of this country." of United States flags." And Justice Byron BABIES OF CRACK USERS CROWD HOSPITALS, Second, he claims that the individual's White concurred forcefully: "I would not BREAK EVERYBODY'S HEART right to symbolic expression extends even to question those states which proscribe multi­ a symbol that is not that individual's alone. lation, defacement, or burning of the flag or In the court's view, physically desecrating which otherwise protect its physical integri­ WASHINGTON.-When Brittany was born that symbol in public is an individual's ty." late last year, she already was gripped in a right, no matter what that act does to the The mutilation of a public monument, the grim embrace: a drug dependency arcing community. Lincoln Memorial for example, Justice back two generations to her grandmother. The first claim of Justice Brennan is not White added, would be within the power of Until her fourth month of pregnancy, the factual. That day in Houston Mr. Johnson Congress to forbid, and "the flag is itself a baby's mother used crack, cocaine, heroin shouted out many political words, under full monument, subject to similar protection." and PCP. "I was selling my body, tricking­ protection for his right to free speech. The At stake in Texas vs. Johnson, then, was a It didn't make no difference as long as I got state of Texas did not bring charges against community right, a right to the integrity of drugs," says the 30-year-old woman, named him for his speech. Mr. Johnson was pros­ its own chief public symbol in the public Cheryl. Then, arrested for selling drugs, she ecuted because he broke a specific provision forum. Flagrant acts of physical abuse of was detoxified in the District of Columbia of Texas law box. "He's so bad," his favorite nurse bloated by liver failure to the size of a during pregnancy, according to a 36-hospital says appreciatively. She says the baby's grapefruit atop his little legs and arms. A survey last year by the National Association father used to come to the hospital, but stuffed toucan swung gaily over the child, for Perinatal Addiction Research and Edu­ she's never seen his mother. Howard had no but his mother didn't visit because "she says cation. And drug abuse in pregnancy is boarder babies until May of 1988. she suffers when she sees him," said Dr. often missed, as many hospital don't rou­ Crack is the difference. Haynes Rice, the Abedin. "He is one of our failures. We can't tinely test. hospital's director, tells of a mother who de­ bring him around." A short time later, the serted a baby in the hospital and then was child died. But numbers don't begin to tell the story. When first born, crack babies must be sta­ Just as a pregnant woman breathes and eats found in a police raid on a local crack house . Another bilized and often nursed through withdraw­ for two, if she uses crack she smokes for al. The average stay for a normal infant at two. Worse, after the drug crosses the pla­ mother forsook her infant, only to return for medical treatment later, ignoring the Howard is three days; for those born to centa it remains for a time in the amniotic drug-abusing mothers during a six-month fluid. "For every time the mother gets high, baby and fleeing again. Ira Chasnoff, presi­ dent of the perinatal addiction research period last year it was 42 days. for the 20-minute high she gets, the baby So besides the immense suffering, there is gets it for 72 hours," says Margaret Gallen, group, estimates that some form of cocaine is involved in at least 75% of drug-exposed a huge financial burden. Intensive care runs director of D.C. General's nurse midwifery as high as $1,768 a day for severely affected service. births. D.C. General has one boarder baby who drug-exposed newborns, a Los Angeles hos­ STROKES AND SEIZURES has been there more than eight months and pital surveyed by a congressional committee During the mother's brief crack high, her now is living in the pediatric ward. Some­ estimated. The daily cost for each boarder blood pressure soars. This and the drug's ir­ times because of respiratory problems relat­ baby at D.C. General is about $367. In a ed to a premature birth, a baby "is left on a recent week the hospital had 10 boarders, ritation of the uterlne wall can literally tear whose care at that point had cost more than the placenta from it, sometimes leading to respirator to suffer by itself," Dr. Abedin says. "I cannot understand the mother not $500,000. The costs of caring for these death or seizure. Some crack babies suffer babies are typically passed on to private-pay strokes in the womb. "Never in my medical asking any questions about the baby, never coming again." patients who are covered by insurance and career have I seen so much suffering as co­ to the taxpayers who subsidize public hospi­ caine has brought," says Mehnur Abedin, a LOSS OF CONCERN tals. neonatologist and director of the nursery at But such neglect is a common part of the At Howard, one abandoned infant alone D.C. General. picture. "The most remarkable and hideous ran up a tab topping $250,000 for a 245-day Then comes withdrawal. Not every baby aspect of crack cocaine use seems to be the stay. The hospital gets a maximum medic­ born to a cocaine-using mother goes undermining of the maternal instinct," says aid payment of $6,100 for such a patient, through it, but those who do face a special Sue Trupin, a staff nurse at San Francisco says Mr. Rice. Some boarder babies eventu­ torment. They often are irritable, have trou­ General Hospital. ally go home to their natural mothers or ble sleeping, or are so sensitive to touch Frequently, drug-using mothers check out other relatives, but many are placed in they have a hard time bonding with care­ of the hospital because "they need a fix and foster homes or adopted. Frequently, family takers. Some feed poorly because they can't need to get back to the street," says D.C. members aren't an alternative for care. Mr. suck properly. A few have seizures and con­ General's Ms. Gallen. "You might see them Rice says he sees "grandmothers who are vulsions. for two or three days and then never see themselves substance abusers and who Many crack babies kick and move their them again." Sometimes the mothers don't cannot readily step in." arms ceaselessly. "There may actually be care enough to name the child. Nurses do it All this can push hospitals to their limits. some bruising of the knees as they continue for them. D.C. General has had to send tele­ D.C. General houses an average 60 to 70 to crawl endlessly and move their limbs," grams to uninterested parents to get them babies in a space for 56 bassinets. The beds says Antoine Fomufod, Howard Hospital's to sign for the postmortem when a baby are less than a foot apart, instead of the rec­ director of neonatology. They are calmed dies. ommended five feet. The crowding is such with sedatives or swaddled tightly, but their At D.C. General, some women even take that at one point last year doctors here high-pitched cries cut through the nursery crack to induce speedier labor. The hospital couldn't find an empty neonatal intensive­ like a drill to a tooth. "I cannot sit in that has established a prenatal clinic for sub­ care bed in any hospital between Philadel­ room," says D.C. General's Dr. Abedin. stance abusers. Sometimes pregnant women phia and Richmond. "They want to be cuddled and we can't give beg to be admitted to protect themselves Data on long-term prospects for these them what they need, which is someone to and their babies from their addictions, but babies are sketchy, but at least some of hold them tight. Our resources are limited. the hospital can usually offer only its out­ them are likely to have health and develop­ I feel very sad." patient clinic. mental problems. Since many return to

------15768 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1989 homes where drugs are used, they face but some basic principles can be kept in several years in an attempt to get a dialog social and economic pitfalls that could trap mind: going with the United States on issues of con­ them in another cycle of poverty and de­ Those who benefit from the program cern to both countries and on ways to im­ pendence. Their mothers have few of the should pay for it, in proportion to their family and social supports of the metha­ income. In addition, the cost of this type of prove-and hopefully normalize-our rela­ done mothers of another era, and their lives insurance shouldn't be loaded onto the tions. are sometimes complicated by homelessness working taxpayer. In this case, President Castro has proven or AIDS. The present problem centers on a surtax his bona fides by taking what can only be As the problem grows, courts are reacting levied on elderly taxpayers who are finan­ called extremely serious actions against by prosecuting drug-abusing mothers. But cially well-off enough to pay taxes on their Cuban officials who have been found to be in­ critics decry the trend. "They don't need retirement incomes. The tax is graduated so volved in narcotics trafficking. jail, they need treatment," says Gale Saler, that as the elderly person's income goes up, director of program planning and develop­ so does the tax. Some of these taxpayers Our Government professes to be concerned ment for Second Genesis, a private drug­ have objected to paying the tax, which about Cuba's role in drug trafficking. It pro­ treatment facility in the Washington area. funds not only their own catastrophic insur­ fesses to want Cuban cooperation. What are Drug treatment programs, however, are ance cost but also pays for insurance for we waiting for? Why are we unwilling to talk? often strained with long waiting lists. senior citizens who are too poor to pay. Why the pallid response reported in the Post, Second Genesis has facilities for 300 resi­ The program was designed to pay for where instead of welcoming this overture, the itself. Early estimates of the amount it dents yet can take just 10 pregnant women. State Department spokesman just said that One of the current residents is Brittany's would raise indicated a $10 billion surplus mother, Cheryl. She says her mother also would occur in 1993, leading many elderly we are monitoring Cuba's actions? used drugs. "I was trying not to be like her, taxpayers and some members of Congress to I have a suggestion for President Bush. In but I turned out the same way." She re­ hope the surtax could be lowered. New esti­ this case, the best way to fight drugs is, Just members feeling angry about what she was mates of drug costs now have put that hope say yes. doing to herself and her baby, but because in jeopardy. Mr. Speaker, I include the Washington Post crack had such a strong hold, she "didn't Prescription benefits under the health article at this point: know how to change." plan were to be phased in by 1991. In es­ She says she is trying to make it up to her sence, the government would begin to pay [From the Washington Post, July 13, 19891 seven children: "After what I done to them, for half the cost of prescriptions after the CASTRO SEEKS DIALOGUE WITH U.S ON DRUG they know I feel real bad." Medicare recipient had paid the first $600. TRADE-WASHINGTON ACCUSED OF HOLDING Some people questioned this benefit in par­ ticular because it could help people such as BACK DATA HAVANA, July 12-Fidel Castro, saying A CAUTION IN THE MIDST OF organ transplant recipients and AIDS pa­ tients. For the vast majority of senior citi­ flights by drug cartels in Cuban air space CONTROVERSY zens, some critics have charged, the cost of are "intolerable," is seeking talks with the prescriptions wouldn't go higher than $600, United States to find ways to help control HON. DOUG BEREUTER or at least not substantially high enough to growing drug trafficking. make the expensive prescription program In a speech broadcast Tuesday on Cuban OF NEBRASKA worth while. television, the Cuban leader said, "The IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If the benefit is not worth the cost, then United States knows that they [the drug Friday, July 21, 1989 lawmakers should drop it from the program. smugglers] simply laugh when ordered to But the nation's workers should not be land. We really have to discuss how to Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, I commend stuck with paying for this new catastrophic manage such things. We have to arrange a to the attention of my colleagues this most ex­ insurance program-or any part of it. Amer­ form of communication between the United cellent and timely editorial from the July 18, ican workers have already swallowed an in­ States and Cuba in this common battle. 1989, Omaha World Herald. The editorial crease in Social Security taxes that was de­ Castro delivered the speech to the ruling clearly states that regardless of the disposi­ signed to keep the system solvent. Council of State on Sunday, two days after Elderly Americans hailed the new cata­ a Cuban Military Tribunal sentenced to tion of Congress in the matter of the Medicare strophic program as legislation designed to death four cashiered officers convicted of Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988, this plan relieve them of worries about impoverishing helping the drug ring based in Medellin, Co­ or any that may supplant it must be paid for themselves because of illness. The econom­ lombia, move cocaine into the United by those who benefit from it. ics of the insurance program were always States. They will be executed by firing This is an important point that I have questionable-only a relatively small per­ squad unless Castro intervenes. stressed for months. In an editorial comment I centage of the elderly would ever use cata­ [Castro also accused the United States of wrote for the Lincoln Star on April 27, 1989, I strophic insurance, while it would be paid withholding information that he says could emphasized that any proposal to shift the cost by all seniors. But if the elderly were willing have helped Cuba uncover sooner the drug to pay for peace of mind, so be it. ring operating in the top ranks of its mili­ of the additional benefits approved by the Now, however, when the bill is coming 1988 act to the taxpayers' or workers' Social tary and government, the Associated Press due, those who have to pay the most have reported. Security costs is not a politically acceptable decided that maybe it isn't worth the price. [The official news agency Prensa Latina, nor responsible solution because of the That should be the central issue: Whether monitored by the AP in Mexico City, quoted budget deficit and the overly large Social Se­ the program is worth the cost that the el­ Castro as telling Cuba's Council of State, curity costs already borne by employers and derly must pay. The issue should not be "The North Americans had at least two employees. If potential beneficiaries are not how to shift an unfair burden onto the gen­ names." There was no elaboration. willing to pay for the coverage they want, then eral taxpayer. [Castro said Cuba had once warned U.S. Congress should repeal it. officials about a plot to assassinate former Recently during a reexamination of the president Ronald Reagan and said the cour­ CASTRO SEEKS DIALOG WITH tesy should have been repaid with informa­ 1988 act, a proposal was floated to increase UNITED STATES ON DRUG tion about the narcotics ring. Prensa Latina the FICA contributions. Wisely, the proposal TRADE said Cuban intelligence told Washington the was rejected. As reevaluations continue, as assassination plot involved "reactionary ele­ they apparently will, Congress must firmly HON. GEO. W. CROCKETT, JR. ments" in the southern United States who resist the impulse to shift the catastrophic pro­ OF MICHIGAN had planned to kill Reagan the next time he It gram's costs to the Nation's workers. As the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES visited their state. provided no further de­ Omaha World Herald article says, "American tails.] workers have already swallowed an increase Friday, July 21, 1989 Castro said the illegal overflight of Cuban in Social Security taxes that was designed to Mr. CROCKETI. Mr. Speaker, the July 13 territory "is intolerable and we cannot allow keep the system solvent." Washington Post reported that President them [drug dealer] to make a mockery of our airspace." WORKERS SHOULDN'T PAY NEW COSTS OF Castro of Cuba is seeking talks with the While not responding directly to Castro's HEALTH PLAN United States to help control growing drug proposal, State Department spokesman The issue of catastrophic health insurance trafficking. Richard Boucher said today that Washing­ for the elderly, supplied by the federal gov­ This is another of the repeated overtures ton was "monitoring Cuba's narcotics inter­ ernment through Medicare, is not simple, that President Castro has made over the past diction efforts carefully, but it's too early to July 21, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15769 assess the impact of developments in Cuba nies, and also found themselves unwittingly risks with other people's money. The conse­ on our narcotics policy." the founders of the first American vocation­ quences in loss of judgment are tolerated. Rep. Charles B. Rangel CD-N.Y.>, chair­ al school. They are not calculated as a male-related man of the Select Committee on Narcotics, cost of business. said the policy was "ridiculous. They are Apart from performance problems at high playing anticommunist politics" and over­ THOSE COSTLY "GOOD OLD levels, alcohol and drug abuse causes costly looking chances for cooperation in the fight BOYS" accidents. We never think of them, however, against drug traffickers. as a risk primarily associated with male em­ Washington has said that aircraft and HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER ployees. Yet, how many maternity leaves boats have eluded U.S. agents by entering could Exxon have funded with the billions the territorial waters or airspace of Cuba. It OF COLORADO of dollars that were lost because the captain also has said Cuban officials have been in­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the Valdez was drunk? volved in drug trafficking and that Cuba Friday, July 21, 1989 In our culture, lawlessness and violence has not elaborated on offers to cooperate are found far more often among men than with Washington in the fight against drug Mrs. SCHROEDER. Mr. Speaker, earlier this women. The statistics on criminals and traffickers. year a management consultant set off, based prison population are obvious; yet we seem on two studies she refused to release, a to be unable to recognize this as primarily debate over whether women in management male behavior. POLISH COLONISTS STAGED cost more than men. The consultant empha­ More pointedly, we do not seem to be able FIRST STRIKE IN AMERICA sized those costs attributable to childbirth. to figure out that some of this lawlessness FOR CIVIL LIBERTIES AND Audrey Freedman, a management counsel­ occurs in the corporate setting. Corporate EQUALITY 370 YEARS AGO or at the conference board in New York, fraud is widely condemned. But we never TODAY wrote an essay, "Those Costly 'Good Old notice that there is one characteristic that Boys,' " in the July 12 New York Times, dis­ criminals, violent individuals and corporate HON. GERALD D. KLECZKA felons share: their maleness. cussing another side to the story, the costs at­ Another heavy but ignored cost of em­ OF WISCONSIN tributable to largely male behavior. ploying men is their greater inclination to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I commend Ms. Freedman's essay to my engage in destructive struggles for control. Friday, July 21, 1989 colleagues' attention. Corporate takeover battles waste billions of dollars in capital and productive energy. Or Mr. KLECZKA. Mr. Speaker, I take this op­ [From the New York Times, July 12, 19891 THOSE COSTLY "Goon OLD BOYS" think of the macho battle between union of­ portunity to inform my colleagues that 370 ficers and Frank Lorenzo. At this point in years ago today, colonists of Polish descent the struggle for "victory," Eastern Airlines staged the first strike ever in America in quest A short time ago, an article in the Har­ is ruined: Jobs are lost, capital is wasted, of civil liberties and equality. vard Business Review enraged some and sat­ equipment unused and a service is being de­ On July 21, 1619, Polish colonists in Virginia isfied others by suggesting that women who stroyed. Yet the eight-year-old boys contin­ went on strike to demand equal voting rights want families should opt for a modified ue to fight over who is king of the moun­ business career-that is, for second-class tain. with English settlers. Their working skills were status and salaries. It began with the asser­ so needed that their demands for just treat­ Male children are more likely to be social­ tion that it is more expensive for a corpora­ ized to "prevail" over other males. That ment were met. tion to employ women than men, because may be useful in hand-to-hand combat or in I am placing in the RECORD an article on women may divide their attention between wartime. But it is an enormously costly and this event by my constituent, Prof. Alfred J. family and career. This second-class status destructive way to organize our economy Sokolnicki of Marquette University, a respect­ has become known as "The Mommy Track." . and carry out production. Corporate takeov­ ed scholar on Poland and America's Polonia. I The case for the Mommy Track has ers seem often to represent an abstract bat­ urge my colleagues to read the following ac­ indeed been made, but only through a cost tlefield. No one names these corporate analysis that is itself gender-biased. count of this most historic event. struggles correctly: street fights. It is undeniable, of course, that women, A top executive of a major airline once THE 370th ANNIVERSARY OF THE FIRST not men, take pregnancy leaves. It is also commented to me that his company's great­ STRIKE FOR CIVIL LIBERTIES AND EQUALITY undeniable that women are the primary est problem is machismo in the cockpit­ IN AMERICA WAGED BY POLISH COLONISTS nurturers in a family. They are the most pilots and copilots fighting over the con­ On July 21st, 1619, Polish colonists in Vir- likely to be responsible for the care and sup­ trols. There is an obvious solution: Hire ginia, refused to work until accorded the port of children, as well as their elderly par­ pilots from that half of the population that same voting privileges as those enjoyed by ents. If we stop there, the Mommy Trackers is less susceptible to the attacks of rage that the English settlers. This was the first have unquestionably shown that women in afflict macho males. strike for civil liberties and equal rights in business are more costly than men. My modest suggestion is that corporations this country. But the built-in bias of that analysis is the reconsider their easy acceptance of the As "foreign born" Virgin­ failure to account for far more costly drains proposition that it is more costly to employ ians they would be deprived the vote at the on corporate productivity from behavior women than men. And in this reconsider­ assembly to organize the first representative that is more characteristic of men than of ation, companies might give deeper thought legislative assembly in America and the be­ women. to the actual costs associated with behavior ginning of the present legislative govern­ For example, men are more likely to be that society has accepted or even induced ment in this country. They suspended oper­ heavy users of alcohol. In 1985, 11.9 million among men. ations in the glass factory, tar distillery and men were classified as alcohol abusers as It then might occur to management that soap establishments. compared with 5.7 million women. Forty­ it could have saved a great deal if tanker The records of the Virginia Company of three percent of men were classified as mod­ captains and chief executives were women. London recorded this incident as follows: erate-to-heavy drinkers; 18 percent of The possibilities for a constructive effect on "Upon some dispute of the Polonians resi­ women were. our economic life are boundless. dent in Virginia, it was now agreed

29-059 0-90-34 (Pt. 11) 15772 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1989 hope. There was extraordinary care taken a physical one. Those of us, visitors here, of all fish and seafood, and to combine sea­ by everyone to maintain order, peaceful pro­ who were personal observers of this move­ food inspection with the USDA's meat and tests, and an overriding concern that the ment for greater freedom: to speak and poultry inspection program. In discussing the demonstrations not be interpreted as sedi­ write one's mind, to vote for representation, cious efforts or conspiracy, and even when to choose one's livelihood, etc., know how legislation with other Members of this Cham­ caught in a sea of hundreds of thousands I benign and gentle was this effort on the ber, I have had many requests for background was not pushed, squeezed or felt the least part of young China. Fully or partially in­ information on the current, fragmented sea­ bit of a threat of danger. tentioned, the violence they met with has food inspection programs. The staff of the What took place in Beijing on June 3 was no explanation, but the basest motives Subcommittee on Fisheries and Wildlife Con­ not the "quelling of rebellious counter-revo­ which drove the people who made the deci­ servation and the Environment provided an lutionaries". It was at the least, an utterly sions to move against the demonstrators. excellent review for a hearing in June, and I insensitive show of force, irresponsible in Chinese people stop me in the street now wish to offer the background section of the that soldiers were heavily armed available seafood­ STATE INSPECTION PROGRAMS ciency and effectiveness of the existing borne illness data do not indicate wide­ meat and poultry inspection system. spread problems with the nation's seafood Coastal states hire state inspectors to For the past three years, NMFS has been ; (2) cur­ in addition to sampling fish products for Project , which is intended to pro­ rent Federal and state assessment activities, contaminants. Bills have also been intro­ vide the basis for a seafood inspection pro­ although limited, provide checks on seafood duced into several state legislatures for new seafood testing the fishing industry. The MSSP project con­ as the need to encourage proper cooking of and research programs. sists of two major components, the first of seafood, are not generally the type that which involves assessing the public health would be solved by a mandatory inspection SELECTED STATE INSPECTION PROGRAMS impacts of seafood consumption. The Fish­ program. eries Service has contracted with the Food Number of Million lbs. and Nutrition Board of the National Acade­ CURRENT SAFETY PROGRAMS inspectors fish harvested my of Sciences to examine the potential health hazards of chemical and microbial NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE Florida ...... 68 116 Voluntary Inspection Program: NMFS op­ Louisiana ...... 225 1,000 contaminants of seafood. That study is ex­ Massachusetts ...... 2 300 pected to be completed by the end of next erates a voluntary, fee-based inspection and Maine ...... 8 132 year. grading program for seafood processing New York ...... 100 40.9 The second component of the MSSP in­ plants throughout the country. The current volves the design of a certification and sur­ inspection program offers three services: <1 > veillance program for the inspection of fish plant sanitation, product inspection, grad­ and seafood products. Congress has directed ing, and certification services; <2> lot inspec­ PERSONAL EXPLANATION that the design of the inspection program tion services on an as-needed basis; and (3) be based on the Hazard Analysis Critical laboratory analytical services, label and Control Point . In addition, FDA ulation of Cyprus was left homeless, unable to The Center for Disease Control (CDC) can seize or detain misbranded or adulterat­ occupy or even travel upon their own land. and the Food and Drug Administration ed seafood and prosecute domestic and During this invasion, 1,614 Cypriots and 8 collect data on the number of sea­ import violators. Approximately 1800 do­ Americans were abducted without explanation food related outbreaks from reports submit­ are tested annually, with an average of 35% ted by local and state health departments. testing adversely. These figures do not re­ Red Cross, most of the mission are non-com­ Although these data are incomplete, they flect the hundreds of samples required by batants: women, children, and men over 60 do reflect the general consensus among sci­ FDA to be tested by private laboratories. To years old. Not one has ever been released or entists that seafood safety problems occur increase effectiveness, FDA uses a targeted admitted dead by Turkish officials. Despite nu­ most frequently as a result of eating raw approach in its sampling efforts to address merous appeals by the United States and the shellfish and finfish. particular FDA compliance concerns, such United Nations, these officials have yet to The most recent CDC and FDA data for as mercury in swordfish or imported shrimp adaquately address the issue. The families of 1978-1986 are included as attachment # 2. from particular countries. For certain prod­ those missing have told U.N. members of Tur­ ucts, FDA requires automatic detention and GAO REPORT: SERIOUSNESS OF PROBLEMS AND testing prior to entering interstate com­ key's adamant refusal to cooperate with them EFFORTS To PROTECT CONSUMERS merce. in the investigations to locate their loved In 1988, the GAO released a report, re­ FDA National Shellfish Sanitation Pro­ ones. Greek Cypriot families cannot wait out­ quested by the House Committee on Gov­ gram : FDA, state governments and side government offices or search forests or ernment Operations, which investigated the private industry work together through this ravines. The entire region where, for 2 nature, extent, and seriousness of seafood program to guard against illnesses associat­ months, these abductions occurred, has been safety problems. In that report, GAO ob­ ed with eating oysters, clams and mussels. placed off-limits to them. tained expert views on the need for changes FDA evaluates state activities to determine Ironically, Turkey has committed these in current seafood safety programs, includ­ compliance with program guidelines. Among ing the need for a mandatory inspection the principal elements of the state shellfish crimes with blatant disregard for their position program. sanitation programs are as a signatory to the Geneva Convention. The (1) the survey and classification of grow­ Turks, as a member of the NATO alliance, The GAO concluded that "there does not ing waters; <2> enforcement of restrictions have behaved with contempt for democratic seem to be a compelling case at this time for on growing waters; and <3 > processing plant procedures and for basic human rights. Fur- 15774 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1989 thermore, they have done so repeatedly. They past president of the Greater Riverside Cham­ H.R. 2022 have imprisoned an estimated 1o million bers of Commerce, and many other charitable Kurds for declaring their Kurdishness, speak­ and civic affiliations. HON. CASS BALLENGER ing Kurdish, wearing Kurdish costumes, and He and his lovely wife Velma had three chil­ OF NORTH CAROLINA passing their names on to their offspring. dren; James Ralph, Janice Louise Coan, and They have discriminated against women, sup­ Richard Lee. Sadly, James and Richard are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pressed trade unions, and enforced brutal no longer with us, but James' three children, Friday, July 21, 1989 prison conditions that include the use of tor­ and Janice's three children add greatly to the Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, on July 13, ture. They have also threatened to close their joy in their grandparent's life. boarders to Jews fleeing Iran and Iraq. In fact, 1989, I voted "nay" on rollcall vote 139 (H.R. When he is not contributing his time and tal­ the injustices suffered by Cypriots-the occu­ 2022) that creates a presumption of refugee ents to a worthy cause, Ralph can often be pation of 40 percent of their land, the system­ status for Soviet Jews, Pentecostals, and found with a fishing pole in hand, or working atic efforts to destroy their culture and monu­ Indochinese. ments, the unjust repression of their sover­ out in the garden, or spending time with his The United States has in place a law that is eignty-are yet another to the long list of beloved family. fair, carefully balanced, and uniform in its ap­ human rights violations which Turkey insists His has been a life devoted to working hard, plication. I am referring to the Refugee Act of on lengthening. helping others, and to his family and friends. 1980-Public Law 96-212. Passage of H.R. Unfortunately, the U.S. foreign policy is con­ We in Riverside were very fortunate that 2022 sets a dangerous precedent of favoring tributing to this injustice. We are currently sup­ Ralph chose to put his roots down in our com­ certain emigres over other persecuted, equally plying $503.3 million in military aid to Turkey, munity, and I am pleased to join in this fitting deserving emigres. and debating an increase of $11 O million for salute to distinguished citizen, Ralph H. Hill. By passing this legislation, Members of fiscal year 1990. I urge my colleagues to con­ Congress are selectively making a determina­ sider that Turkey has repeatedly violated the tion that certain groups of people are more conditions of its obligations. They have violat­ persecuted than others, thus deserving of ed the U.S Foreign Assistance Act, the U.S. preferential treatment for admittance to the Military Sales Act, the Lausanne Treaty, arti­ ANNIVERSARY OF CYPRUS United States. cles of the European Convention on Human INVASION BY THE TURKS Not only is H.R. 2022 unfair, but it is unnec­ Rights, and both the NATO and U.N. charters. essary. Pursuant to the 1980 Refugee Act, the The time has come to recognize this occu­ President determined, in consultation with the pation for what is, a deprivation of individual HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN Congress, that 24,500 refugees from Eastern liberties, of dignity, and of the civilization and OF NEW YORK Europe and the Soviet Union could be admit­ ted into the U.S. in fiscal year 1989. In re­ heritage of Cyprus. I sincerely hope you will all IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES join with me in denouncing the inhumanities sponse to more liberal emigration policies of that Turkey has committed against the proud Friday, July 21, 1989 the Soviet Union and the surge of Soviet refu­ Cypriots and in seriously reconsidering our po­ Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday gees seeking safe haven in the U.S., the sition on relations with Turkey. marked a tragic day in the long, illustrious his­ President increased the number of Soviet and East European refugee admittances to 50,000. tory of the Cypriot people. Fifteen years ago, Of those 50,000, 43,500 are reserved for on July 20, 197 4, Turkish forces invaded that RALPH HILL OF RIVERSIDE Soviet refugees. Clearly, the administration island, and the painful legacy of that military HONORED has taken appropriate action within the guide­ intervention still divides Cyprus and its people. lines of the law. HON. ALFRED A. (AL) McCANDLESS On this, the 15th anniversary of that invasion, My objection to H.R. 2022 is not the result, let us recommit ourselves to finding a peace­ but the process. Obviously, the problem of po­ OF CALIFORNIA ful solution to the Cyprus problem. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES litically persecuted individuals has become so The 197 4 Turkish invasion killed thousands pronounced that we need to take steps Friday, July 21, 1989 of individuals, displacing over 150,000 Cypri­ beyond those available under current law. Mr. McCANDLESS. Mr. Speaker, on August ots who became homeless in their own coun­ H.R. 2646 would give the administration the 3, 1989, Ralph H. Hill of Riverside, CA, will be try. Many Cypriots are still missing, including a flexibility to consider the persecuted from the honored by the California Inland Empire Coun­ number of American citizens who have not world over, Soviet Jews, Pentecostals, Viet­ cil of the Boy Scouts of America as a Distin­ been seen since that day. The Turkish military namese, Cambodians, and Laotians included, guished Citizen of the Year. presence on Cyprus still numbers some rather than blatantly favor a few groups over Ralph deserves this honor, and were the 30,000 troops, who occupy the northern part the many. House not going to be in session that day, I of the island. The plight of refugees worldwide is critical. would be there with his family and his many The division between the Greek and Turkish It's too bad Members of Congress would friends who will gather to salute him. communities on Cyprus has resulted in violent apply an ill-conceived, short-sighted approach Ralph's arrival in southern California in the confrontations along the border, or "green to a potentially long-term problem. 1930's was Missouri's loss, and the Golden line," as it is known, for the last 15 years. State's gain. From the start, Ralph dedicated The United Nations recently negotiated a himself to every job, from warehouseman to THE YOUTH CRIME GANG CON­ disengagement between the Greek and Turk­ TROL ACT: A BALANCED SOLU­ frozen food manager and eventually to chair­ ish Cypriots who man the border stations man of the board/president/CEO and director TION TO JUVENILE VIOLENCE along the "green line," and several posts of Alfred M. Lewis, Inc. have been closed. A man of great energy and sincerity, Ralph HON. RON WYDEN also found time to serve as president and di­ Since Greek-Cypriot President Vassiliou's election last year, intercommunal talks have OF OREGON rector of Alfred M. Lewis Properties, Inc., vice IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES president and director of Orange Empire Fi­ been occurring on a regular basis. While nance, Inc. and chairman of the board and di­ progress is being made slowly, we are receiv­ Friday, July 21, 1989 rector of Lewis Retail Foods, Inc. ing favorable signals from that part of the Mr. WYDEN. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro­ In his spare time, he has made the commu­ world for the first time in over a decade. ducing legislation to enhance the ability of nity of Riverside better by his contributions. We urge President Bush to place a high pri­ Federal prosecutors to address a problem Eleven years on the Board of the Riverside ority on imploring Turkey to remove its military which is reaching crisis proportions in many Community Hospital; past president of the Riv­ presence from Cyprus. Let us all hope and cities throughout our country-organized youth erside Rotary; California Baptist College Citi­ pray that the next Cyprus anniversary we rec­ crime gangs. zens Committee Board of Directors; Trustee ognize will be that of the settlement of this Prosecutors in my State of Oregon have re­ on the Hospital Council of Southern California; long lasting dispute. ported a great deal of success in targeting July 21, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15775 adult gang members for Federal prosecution. cility, or won't be incarcerated at all. The EMERGING TELECOMMUNICA- These prosecutors have expressed a need for money from selling illegal drugs is simply too TIONS TECHNOLOGIES ACT OF a similar Federal effort targeted on the seri­ great to worry about risks that are so small. 1989 ous, violent and repeat juvenile offenders who The legislation I am introducing today will are also members of these gangs. update the Federal juvenile justice statute and HON. EDWARD J. MARKEY Teenagers building illegal empires to sell eliminate this statutory catch-22. OF MASSACHUSETTS crack cocaine, young racists forming hate First, it will streamline procedures for trans­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES groups to brutalize minorities, "wilding," and ferring serious Federal juvenile offenders to Friday, July 21, 1989 killing over colors are all the subjects of head­ Federal adult court. lines in communities from coast to coast. Second, it will allow Federal prosecutors to Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, today I join with the chairman of the Energy and Commerce For many of these gangs, the sales of ille­ release records of Federal juvenile cases if Committee, John Dingell, in introducing the gal drugs is a river of money that never the State in which the case is adjudicated also " Emerging Telecommunications Technologies seems to run dry. Trunkloads of this money allows the release of juvenile records. go to finance the establishment of their drug Act of 1989." The spectrum is a precious, lim­ markets in communities throughout the Third, my bill will add Federal firearms of­ ited resource which is vitally important to our Nation. This is exactly what happened in Port­ fenses to the list of crimes under Federal ju­ economic success and social well-being. land, OR when the notorious "Grips" and risdiction for juvenile offenders. Right now, Today as an avalanche of new technologies, "Bloods" of the Los Angeles area began sell­ these Federal jurisdiction of juvenile offenders demanding more spectrum, descends upon ing crack in the neighborhoods of my district. is limited to Federal crimes of violence and the marketplace, a severe shortage of com­ Federal drug trafficking. Current statute makes mercially available spectrum exists. Now there are over 1,000 active Grips or no mention of Federal jurisdiction in cases of As a nation we should not be fretting over Bloods gang members in Portland. In the last juvenile offenders of Federal firearms laws. choosing between new important technologies 6 months, the Portland Police Bureau reports like HDTV and important economic and com­ 265 gang-related shootings and 242 assaults Finally, this legislation will allow for the munity needs like mobile communications and from these two gangs alone. The Portland transfer to adult Federal court cases in which public safety radio. Rather, we should be striv­ Gang Enforcement Task Force, citing a jump the offender commits a crime as a juvenile, ing for new and creative ways to accommo­ in the number of shootings per night in recent but the investigation does not result in indict­ date both these concerns. weeks, expects the situation to get worse as ment until after the offender has reached This legislation offers hope for achieving the summer progresses. Recent reports of a adulthood. these goals. It proposes a realistic and prag­ third, Chicago-based gang, the "Folks," re­ This section is particularly important be­ matic means of more effectively allocating cruiting members as young as 11 years of age cause the Federal juvenile statute prohibits spectrum to help ensure robust economic further compounds the crisis. the incarceration of offenders past the age of growth into the 21st century. Meanwhile, families who live in these neigh­ 21. So, if the offense is committed at age 17, I urge my colleagues to consider this legis­ borhoods are forced to keep their children in­ and the offender is not indicted until age 18, lation carefully and to support its passage. doors during the day and sleep on the floor at the crime must be adjudicated in juvenile night to protect themselves from the terror of court. If there is a finding of guilt, the offender crackhouses and knives and gunfire. POWER LICENSE EXTENSION AT could only be incarcerated until age 21-re­ BATESVILLE, AR Our cities are also plagued by another gang gardless of the seriousness of the crime. that almost exclusively specializes in violent It makes a lot more sense to transfer cases hatred of minorities. Commonly called Skin­ HON. BILL ALEXANDER like this to Federal adult court, prosecute the heads because of their cropped hairstyles, OF ARKANSAS now adult offender as an adult, and upon a these youths don paramilitary gear and look IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES finding of guilt, send the felon to adult prison for innocent people to verbally harass or Friday, July 21, 1989 physically assault. Some 200 hate-gang mem­ to serve the appropriate sentence. Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, today I have bers operate in Portland, and they have con­ This legislation is designed to address only introduced legislation to allow the Federal tributed to a record of racially motivated vio­ a small part of the youth crime gang crisis, but Energy Regulatory Commission to extend by lent crimes ranging from simple assault to it will be a good first step in making some murder. up to 6 years the time required for com­ sense out of our Federal juvenile statutes. mencement of construction on three FERG-li­ State and local law enforcement and juve­ There is a lot more that needs to be done to censed hydroelectric projects in Independ­ nile justice officials are struggling with few re­ combat what is quickly becoming the most ence County, AR. sources to cope with a problem for which severe problem ever faced by our system of In the mid-1980's, the city of Batesville and there are no easy solutions. Many of these juvenile justice. Independence County acquired licenses from gang members travel across State lines in I intend to introduce a second bill in the FERG that would permit them to convert three order to engage in drug trafficking. States, mothballed Corps of Engineers lock and dam which usually assume jurisdiction of juvenile near future which will help improve State and local response to the youth gang crisis by facilities on the White River for electric power justice matters, are hard put to even keep production. track of the juvenile offenders from other boosting efforts to reduce gang recruitment, provide for innovative treatment of incarcerat­ So far, Batesville and Independence County States who are highly mobile, flush with drugs have been unable to complete negotiations ed first-time offenders, targeted enforcement, and cash, and heavily armed. with potential power purchasers. There is now prosecution, and probation of juvenile gang To make matters worse, the Federal juve­ an electric power glut in Arkansas. However, nile justice laws are designed to throw respon­ members, and encouraging communitywide ef­ projections by the Arkansas Power & Light sibility of adjudicating these juveniles back to forts to address local gang problems. Co. indicate that demand for new power will the States. In addition, the convoluted condi­ Law enforcement and juvenile justice ex­ exist in the State by 1995. tion of the Federal juvenile statute makes it perts agree that the only practical way to ap­ Hydroelectric power is both the cleanest extremely difficult for Federal prosecutors to proach the complexities of the youth gang and cheapest way to generate electricity. handle juvenile cases even when the Federal crisis is through a balanced effort combining Eventually, when new power is needed, gen­ jurisdiction is clear. social youth development and strong law en­ eration and transmission of power from the The potential for cases to fall through this forcement action. three Independence County dams could elimi­ legal void is a concept that is not lost on gang nate the need to construct new coal-fired, members. They are more than willing to The Youth Crime Gang Control Act is the gas-fired, or nuclear powerplants and save Ar­ gamble that they'll never get caught, or won't first Federal legislation designed to implement kansas' electric ratepayers millions of dollars. be prosecuted once arrested, or will only that balanced response and I encourage my Additionally, Batesville, and Independence spend a short time in a juvenile detention fa- colleagues to support it. County will benefit from a new source of reve- 15776 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1989 nue, the sale of electric power, that will par­ refused to acknowledge the deeds of the state or intrastate activity really will not matter tially offset the loss of general revenue shar­ heroic leader for over three decades. at all. It will be a national ban. Pure and ing and other Federal assistance. I am proud to have played a role in bringing simple. However, there is one problem: The li­ this historic event to pass during the rast 11 To assist the ability of our Federal enforce­ censes granted to Batesville and Independ­ years. I know first hand how important this vic­ ment agencies to enforce this law, the bill au­ ence County by FERC require commencement tory is to the Hungarian community around the thorizes the appropriation of $5 million to the of construction by November of this year at world. Attorney General for the establishment of task one of the dams, and by February 1990 at the Nevertheless, we must not be lulled into forces with State and local agencies to en­ other two. thinking that the end of Communist oppres­ force this act. The city of Batesville and Independence sion is at hand. One only needs to recall the I am truly moved and encouraged by the ef­ County are negotiating with several potential horrible events in China last month to see that forts of these men of God, Mr. Speaker. I only power purchasers, and they are confident they the potential for bloody oppression is very hope that these noble gentlemen, through will have a commitment from one or more po­ real. It is my sincere desire that the United their heroic actions, will be an inspiration to tential purchasers very soon. However, final States will not permit the ruthless methods of the rest of the church community in this coun­ negotiations could take a year to complete. the People's Republic of China to spread to try to come join us in the war on drugs. There is simply no way that construction can its bloodthirsty allies in the Cambodian resist­ In places like Chicago, New York, and here begin in accordance with the schedule antici­ ance, the Khmer Rouge. The world has al­ in the Nation's Capital, our young people are pated in the current licenses. ready witnessed the lethal methods of Pol giving their lives over wholesale to the illusory Accordingly, my legislation will grant FERG Pot. It would be unconscionable to permit his authority to extend the construction deadlines. thugs to return to power. success and pleasure of drugs and the drug The Senate has already passed similar leg­ On this 30th observation of Captive Nations trade. The future and national security of islation, S. 750, introduced by my colleague Week, we are confronted by divergent trends America is threatened. The ready availability Senator DALE BUMPERS, which is now pend­ in the Communist world. While we should be of drug paraphernalia contributes to the over­ ing before the Committee on Energy and heartened by the advances of certain govern­ all perpetuation of the illicit drug problem. Commerce. In its consideration of the meas­ ments, we must fight off the temptation to We said in 1986 when we passed the first ure, the Senate included, in addition to the Ar­ ease the pressure. We must also remain fer­ drug bill that it was not the be-all and the end­ kansas extensions, a project in Washington vent in our opposition to the actions of other all of the legislative address to this national State that faces similar circumstances. Be­ governments and organizations which contin­ crisis. We said in 1988, when we passed the cause time is of the essence, I take this op­ ually fail to recognize the sanctity of human second antidrug bill into law, that the work still portunity to state that although my legislation life and the value of human rights. remained undone. This bill is just another does not address the Washington project, I piece in the puzzle that we are still working to have no objection to tying the two projects to­ solve, Mr. Speaker, and I hope that all of my INTRODUCING THE DRUG PARA­ gether in order to avoid a conference with the colleagues will join me in sponsoring this bill. Senate. PHERNALIA CONTROL ACT OF I hope the Energy and Commerce Commit­ 1989 tee and the full House will act on this matter AMENDMENT TO LAND REMOTE­ in the most expeditious manner possible. HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL SENSING COMMERCIALIZATION OF NEW YORK ACT OF 1984 CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Friday, July 21, 1989 HON. CLAUDINE SCHNEIDER HON. FRANK HORTON Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, one news item OF RHODE ISLAND that stirred a lot of souls around the country OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES this week comes out of Chicago, where we have learned about a couple of Roman Catho­ Friday, July 21, 1989 Friday, July 21, 1989 lic priests of the archdiocese there who have Ms. SCHNEIDER. Mr. Speaker, last week I Mr. HORTON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to drawn the applause of citizens and the ire of introduced H.R. 2873, a bill to amend the call attention to the millions of people op­ drug traffickers in their highly publicized, noble Land Remote-Sensing Commercialization Act pressed by communism throughout the world. effort to ban the sale of drug paraphernalia in of 1984, Public Law 98-365. The amendment As the world observes Captive Nations Week their parish communities. transfers responsibility for achieving land this week, I find it appropriate to reflect on the Father George Clements and Father Mi­ remote-sensing data from the Department of plight of these people and some recent devel­ chael Pfleger, working against death threats Commerce to the Department of Interior. The opments. and harassment, have vowed to march on in bill is valuable because it would streamline The recent changes which have begun to their journey to get drug paraphernalia pulled agency operations, increase efficiency, and sweep through the Communist world have off the shelves in Chicago. The Governor of Il­ help to ensure reliable access to Landsat data provided a ray of hope to many of the op­ linois, James Thompson, is expected to sign a pressed. However, rays of hope are not bill this week banning the sale of drug para­ in the future. enough. The people of the captive nations phernalia in that State. And now Father Cle­ Unfortunately, due to a clerical error, Repre­ need firm commitments to democratic princi­ ments and Father Pfleger say they will make sentative MORRIS K. UDALL, chairman of the ples such as free speech and a free press. their crusade a national one. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, was While I am encouraged by recent trends in the Today, I am introducing the Drug Parapher­ omitted from the list of original cosponsors. I Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, I will not be nalia Control Act of 1989. This act has one am pleased to say that Chairman UDALL does satisfied until completely open and free elec­ overall goal, Mr. Speaker, and that is to ban support this legislation and has been added to tions are held and the corresponding results the sale of all drug paraphernalia items every­ the list of cosponsors consisting of Repre­ are respected. where in this country, as Father Clements and sentatives JAMES SCHEUER, ROBERT WALKER, I want to make special mention of a recent Father Pfleger have suggested and vowed to DON YOUNG, and NICK JOE RAHALL II. event in Hungary. Last month, the Hungarian work toward. Chairman UDALL has been an outstanding Government acceded to years of constant As it stands now, the import and export, use leader on issues related to the Department of pressure when it exhumed the body and per­ of the mails, and the interstate transport and Interior and on the U.S Geological Survey in mitted a proper burial of resistance leader and sale of drug paraphernalia items is banned particular. I am certain that with his support, former Prime Minister lmre Nagy who had under the 1986 Anti-Drug Abuse Act. My bill along with the other members of the Commit­ been executed for his role in resisting the extends the reach of existing law and targets tee on Interior and Insular Affairs and the Soviet invasion of 1956. While this event was all drug paraphernalia sales. My objective is to Committee on Science, Space, and Technolo­ mostly symbolic, it did mark a radical depar­ have all drug paraphernalia disappear from gy, that this legislation can be enacted in a ture from a government which had steadfastly the shelves totally. Whether it involves inter- timely manner. July 21, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15777 INTRODUCTION OF THE BUSI­ continues teaching at St. John's Seminary lo­ The selection criteria were written with citi­ NESS INCUBATOR REVIEW ACT cated in Camarillo, CA. zens like Paul Thompson in mind. Charged by OF 1989 During his 50 years as a Franciscan, Father Congress with a mandate to help the Ameri­ Virgil has spent 43 of those at the Santa Bar­ can public gain a deeper understanding about HON. JOHN J. RHODES III bara Mission. In addition to his duties as other peoples of the world, Paul took his obli­ OF ARIZONA pastor to the some 600 families of St. Barba­ gation to heart. After serving in Malaysia from IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ra's parish, Father Virgil has been long an 1971-73, Paul returned to engage the citizens active and tremendously respected member of of the Twin Cities in projects to end hunger. Friday, July 21, 1989 the community of Santa Barbara. He has been He helped start the Hunger Project; he Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to an active board member of the Red Cross, St. worked to establish Twin City chapters of RE­ introduce, along with Mr. MCDADE, the Busi­ Francis Hospital, and Hospice of Santa Bar­ SULTS and Save the Children; and he found­ ness Incubator Review Act of 1989. As a bara. He has also served as the traditional ed Skiers Ending Hunger in 1979 (formerly member of the Small Business Committee, I emcee for the Fiesta Pequena, the kickoff known as Ski To End Hunger). I once had the always welcome new ideas that will assist the event for old Spanish days which are held an­ pleasure in joining Paul and his organization in budding, as well as existing, small businesses nually in Santa Barbara, and he continues cross-country skiing to end hunger. By capital­ in our country. Please understand, that of the today to offer the blessing at the Rancho Vis­ izing on Minnesotans' love for skiing and their 18 million non-farm businesses in the United tadores, officially kicking off their annual desire to eradicate hunger, Ski To End Hunger States, 99 percent are small businesses clas­ horseback journey through the Santa Ynez has successfully raised over $350,000 over sified by Small Business Administration [SBA] Valley. the past 1O years. standards. Existing business incubators in our In his role as Santa Barbara's leading reli­ More recently, I have seen first hand Paul's country have provided economic development gious figure, he has hosted countless digni­ commitment through working with RESULTS, and promoted startup and growth of new taries at the mission, including the Queen of an organization with which most of my col­ firms, by offering an intrepreneurial lnviron­ England, Prince Charles, and then First Lady leagues are familiar. In the past year, RE­ ment, affordable and efficient workspace, Nancy Reagan during the Queen's visit to SULTS has become active in efforts to gain business consulting services and equipment California in 1983. support for full funding the McKinney Home­ to be shared by other new business leaders. Father Virgil's pleasant and humble nature less Assistance Act. Because of the work of The Business Incubator Review Act of 1989 has helped him to effectively serve his parish­ Paul Thompson, and the thousands of others will set up a business review group, comprised ioner and his community. It was my pleasure like him, hope for ending the tragedy of home­ of the Secretaries of Housing and Urban De­ to join nearly 800 people from the city and the lessness is kept alive. velopment [HUD], Energy, Defense, Com­ county of Santa Barbara last weekend as we Mr. Speaker, I salute Paul Thompson, a hu­ merce, Agriculture, and Labor and the Admin­ celebrated with Father Virgil on the occasion manitarian and model for us all and a fine istrator of the SBA. This review group will ex­ of his golden jubilee. I considered it a tremen­ product of the Peace Corps, an idea and pro­ amine issues facing the business incubator dous honor to join other local dignitaries in of­ gram that keeps on effectively serving the within their departments, and will relay to Con­ fering brief comments on this great man's life American people and mankind. gress their findings and suggestions for and contribution to our society. I am extremely changes in existing law. Provisions included in honored to consider him a true friend, and it is this bill will promote and insure that business with great pride that I submit these comments FOREIGN AID AND DEMOCRACY incubators wil be eligible for grants and loans to you today. for community development, business promo­ I was honored to arrange for Father Virgil HON. DANTE B. FASCELL tion, and research. Furthermore, this legisla­ Cordano to offer the opening prayer in the OF FLORIDA tion will set up a clearinghouse for State and local initiatives on productivity, technology and House of Representatives in May 1984. His IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES innovation under the Department of Com­ words were personally moving and I will Friday, July 21, 1989 merce. always remember that prayer as one of the highlights of my career in Congress. Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I would like to I applaud the excellent track record of exist­ bring to our colleagues' attention an article ing incubators. They report that 80 to 93 per­ I urge my colleagues to join me in recogniz­ ing this outstanding individual today. entitled "Foreign Aid for the 1990's: Democra­ cent of businesses graduating from incubators cy" which appeared in the July 13, 1989, edi­ survive. In a time when research indicates that tion of the Christian Science Monitor and four out of five startup companies fail within IN RECOGNITION OF THE DEDI­ which highlights a significant new initiative 18 months, this is truly a stellar record. CATION AND ACHIEVEMENTS contained in H.R. 2655, the House-passed for­ OF PAUL E. THOMPSON eign assistance bill. FATHER VIRGIL CORDANO H.R. 2655 contains a consolidation of the CELEBRATES GOLDEN JUBILEE HON. BRUCE F. VENTO numerous objectives for U.S. bilateral eco­ OF MINNESOTA nomic assistance which had been included in the Foreign Assistance Act over several dec­ HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF CALIFORNIA ades. Four overall objectives for U.S. foreign Friday, July 21, 1989 aid were identified in the House-passed bill: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow, at Kent Economic growth, natural resource manage­ Friday, July 21, 1989 State University in Ohio, Paul E. Thompson ment, poverty alleviation, and pluralism. Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I would from the Twin Cities, will receive the 1989 This last objective-social and political plu­ like to take this opportunity to recognize Sargent Shriver Award for Humanitarian Serv­ ralism-is based on the premise that demo­ Father Virgil Cordano, who recently celebrated ice. Because I have had the opportunity to cratic development is integrally linked to his golden jubilee as a Franciscan at Mission work with Paul for the past 6 years, I can join healthy economic development. Develop­ Santa Barbara. enthusiastically with the National Council of ments throughout the world-from Poland and Father Virgil first came to Santa Barbara Returned Peace Corps Volunteers in recogniz­ Hungary to Chile and Korea-vividly demon­ from is hometown of Sacramento in 1934 to ing the tremendous commitment and achieve­ strate this vital linkage. Nowhere is this more attend St. Anthony's Seminary as a high ments of Paul Thompson, both in the United evident than in China, where the recent trage­ school freshman. He received the Franciscan States and abroad. dy was precipitated by the fact that economic habit on July 16, 1939. Following his ordina­ The Sargent Shriver Award for Humanitarian reforms were not accompanied by democratic tion on June 3, 1945, Father Virgil attended Service is an annual award created in 1986 political reforms. the Catholic University of America in Washing­ that is given in honor of the first director of The following article by Charles H. Connolly, ton, DC, where he obtained a doctorate in the Peace Corps. The awardees are selected who worked for the Agency for International sacred theology, majoring in sacred scripture. on the basis of their sustained and distin­ ·Development [AID] in Central America and Father Virgil formerly taught at the mission guished contributions to humanitarian causes Paraguay, explains the type of technical and theological seminary until 1968. Today he in developing nations or in the United States. other support for democratic development and 15778 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1989 institution building which AID now offers to ducted in Chile by the State University of who struggle for freedom and self-determina­ countries in Latin America and which H.R. New York and the Catholic Univer­ tion in all the captive nations. 2655 expands significantly to include the rest sity of Valparaiso, with private support The recent elections in Poland and the of the world. from the Andes Foundation, the Fulbright overwhelming victory of the Solidarity Party Commission, and IBM. The article follows: Seminar participants from across the provide hope for peaceful change in Soviet­ [From the Christian Science Monitor, Chilean political scene met with practicing bloc countries. We must not, however, be July 13, 19891 politicans, academic advisors, and SUNY blinded by these events and Gorbachev's FOREIGN AID FOR THE 1990's: DEMOCRACY alumni from Brazil, Costa Rica, and the US. promises of glasnost. Instead, we must contin­ Chile's plebiscite four months later, in Octo­ ue to press the Soviets on human rights As someone said recently. "The genie is ber 1988, set the stage for congressional issues until all citizens of the captive nations out of the bottle." With the turn-arounds in elections scheduled in December 1989. The have their freedom. Chile and Paraguay, and despite the setback Catholic University of Valparaiso and The litany of continuing oppression goes on in Panama, virtually every country in this SUNY are following through by setting up a "Legislative Research and Assistance and on. The Ukrainian Catholic and Orthodox hemisphere now uses or is moving toward churches are still outlawed. Soviet Jews face some form of democracy. But the institu­ Center" in Valparaiso to provide non-parti­ tions of democracy in these countries don't san research, training, and advisory services many hurdles trying to emigrate and reunite work very well. to the incipient Chilean congress. This with their families. Countless minorities are Under the "Democratic Initiatives" pro­ model might be copied elsewhere. persecuted for either their religious beliefs or gram, the United States Agency for Interna­ In Guatemala, perhaps 1,000 candidates their national and cultural aspirations. tional Development is starting to pro­ may present themselves for election in 1990 There is, however, no greater force than the vide technical assistance and training to the to 100 seats. A brief orientation for all 1,000 in the basic concepts of what a congress human spirit and its yearning for freedom. No people who man these institutions. The regime can forever deny the basic rights of its theory is simple: Democracy is a technology. should do would leave 100 winners aware of like agriculture, with principles and prac­ the complexities of the job ahead, and 900 citizens. Despite the risks involved, massive tices which can be recorded, improved, repli­ losers with some understanding and sympa­ public demonstrations continue within the cated, and taught. Democracies work thy for the new office-holders. Soviet Union. They are protesting for freedom through democratic institutions-the execu­ And in Paraguay, which for years has had of speech, freedom of religion, and democrat­ tive, the legislative, the judiciary, and the one political party, a new president is talk­ ic government. Their voices are being heard electoral system. These institutions can be ing about democracy and competing parties. and they are making a difference. Sooner or transplanted to evolve in forms fitting each If our diplomats can swing it, non-partisan later, change must come. individual environment. technical assistance offered to all takers Some 20 years ago AID began the creation might lead to real multi-party competition Progress has been made in some of the of democracy-oriented study and training in the elections several years from now. captive nations, but there is still a long way to centers in several universities in the U.S. This certainly smacks of medling in the go. We must use this historic opening in and since then has assisted in the founding internal affairs of friendly nations, but po­ Soviet society to foster liberalization from and growth of numerous faculties, think litical medling by certified meddlers is an within. At the same time, we must condemn tanks, and private voluntary organizations honored trade. If AID-an economic assist­ crackdowns from hardliners in the govern­ working across the democracy spectrum. ance agency-makes a false step on this ment. The celebration of Captive Nations Day These organizations are prepared to offer turf, it will face the combined wrath of two reminds us of how fortunate we are in this training in how a congress works: national governments-its own and that of the host budget decisions, the analysis and drafting country. With this in mind, the Democratic country to live in a free society and how im­ of legislation, administration oversight, and Initiatives program will focus exclusively on portant it is that we never rest until all people the other functions assigned to each con­ the mechanisms and workings of democratic around the world enjoy these same freedoms. gress by each country's constitution. institutions, keeping a distance from issues I commend the Captive Nations Week Com­ Latin American legislatures have a lot of and decisions. mittee of Metropolitan Detroit for organizing problems. There is a crippling lack of infor­ Democratic Initiatives is an unusual for­ this important event. The plight of those living mation and the operational skills that legis­ eign aid proposition, and there are obsta­ in the captive nations must never be forgot­ lation requires. Labor law is prepared with­ cles. Economic problems bring the threat of out consultation with labor groups. Environ­ violent disruption; every country has its pro­ ten. mental legislation is drawn up in a scientific tectors of the nondemocratic status quo; our vacuum. embassies are properly concerned about In a South American country an "expe­ maintaining the best possible relations; US TOO MUCH MONEY FOR diente"-the official archive containing the congressional overseers are put off by the CALENDARS background data, debate, and final passage long wait for results, and the AID bureauc­ of a law-is lost. Another country's legisla­ racy can be counted on to complicate mat­ ture reviews, debates, and enacts a law al­ ters. Yet the timing is right. Democracy is HON. RICHARD RAY ready passed in an earlier session. ascendant in this hemisphere, and an initia­ OF GEORGIA Similar anecdotes came out of every cap­ tive that in the past Latins would have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ital. What also comes out is a universal viewed as intellectually repugnant and po­ desire for these democracies, and their legis­ litically unacceptable is welcome today. Friday, July 21, 1989 latures, to work. Citizens of all stripe and congressman of all parties acknowledge the Mr. RAY. Mr. Speaker, in these times of problem and want improvement. AID is of­ CAPTIVE NATIONS WEEK severe fiscal constraints, I take exception to fering low-key, low-cost assistance to this the recent action of the House Administration end. HON. DAVID E. BONIOR Committee approval of the purchase of 1 mil­ Legislatures, can be helped in many ways: OF MICHIGAN lion calendars at a cost to the taxpayer of AID will draw on US and Latin American $700,000. This comes out to over $1,600 per IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES scholars and consultants to offer seminars Member for approximately 2,500 calendars and short-term instruction in-country; US Friday, July 21, 1989 universities will offer longer-term study for that each receives. career staffers, ranging up to graduate de­ Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to In 1986, I discontinued sending out these grees in legislative administration; organiza­ announce the commemoration of Captive Na­ calendars, and the reaction from the citizens tions such as the Center for Democracy, a tions Week at the Ukrainian Cultural Center in in my district was very favorable. I have also private think tank, will set up face-to-face Warren, Ml, this Sunday, July 23. This week stopped mailing franked newsletters to my dis­ contacts between Latin American and US marks the 31st anniversary of Public Law 86- trict which is, in my opinion, another waste of legislators, staffs, and political party manag­ 90, which instructed "the President to issue a taxpayer's money. ers. And AID will finance any other activity proclamation each year until such time as At a period in our history when we are that leads toward the overall goal of im­ proving operational efficiency and effective­ freedom and independence shall have been having difficulty funding vital programs, such ness. achieved for all captive nations." In light of as the VA and others, it is not rational to con­ An example of how it might work: In mid- recent reforms which are changing the entire tinue this program. 1988, a two-day "Seminar on Contemporary face of the Communist world, it is especially The American people are demanding that Models of Parliamentary Support" was con- timely that we remember the plight of millions their Congress be as fiscally responsible as July 21, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15779 they are. I urge my colleagues to join me in more must be done to prevent the domestic widely available to the hearing impaired. This becoming more fiscally responsible. proliferation of assault rifles. I am finding that legislation will require public facilities to pro­ a majority of my constituents would agree with vide access to captioned television to over 21 the editorial and support legislation such as million people in the United States who are SUPREME COURT FLAG that introduced by Representative PETE BURNING DECISION deaf or hearing-impaired. STARK. The most hopeful prospect for persons who [From the Baltimore Sun, July 17, 1989] are deaf lies with technology, and the most HON. IKE SKELTON NEXT STEP ON ASSAULT RIFLES rapid progress can be made with captioning­ OF MISSOURI The Bush administration deserves credit the appearance on screen of what is being IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for its decision to ban almost all foreign­ said-according to the 1988 report of the Friday, July 21, 1989 made semi-automatic assault rifles. These Commission on Education of the Deaf. Very guns are a clear and present danger to the simply, this technology allows those who Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, I recently re­ public safety, increasingly the weapon of ceived a letter from John A. Thurmon of Wel­ choice of drug and gang criminals. The ad­ cannot hear to see what is being said and lington, MO, that eloquently expresses the ministration temporarily suspended imports allows hearing disabled persons to benefit need for a constitutional amendment to ban last spring to study the problem. This ban is from a wide range of information that those of desecration of the American flag. I was dis­ the logical next step. It will keep 750,000 us who hear take for granted. tressed by the Supreme Court decision that such weapons for which import permits As we all know, television has become allows the destruction of this precious symbol. were pending out of the menacing private much more than a source of entertainment-it arsenals that have so concerned law en­ is a critical source of communication, provid­ I submit Mr. Thurman's letter for consideration forcement officers. by my colleagues: The logical next step is to do something ing world news, emergency broadcasts and WELLINGTON, MO, about those existing weapons and, especial­ serving an important educational role. Until June 28, 1989. ly, about domestic manufacturers. We the development of captioned TV, less than Hon. IKE SKELTON, assume there is a market for those 750,000 20 years ago, deaf persons had no access to U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, imports, and we know how supply-and­ the information that is routinely available to DC. demand works: American firms which man­ DEAR IKE, after allowing myself time to those who hear. However, even today hear­ ufacture or assemble semi-automatic assault ing-impaired Americans generally have access cool off I am writing to express my opinion weapons identical in every essential charac­ on the Supreme Court's flag burning deci­ teristic of the imports will quickly fill the to the benefits of television only when they sion. gap. That happened when the importation are at home using an electronic decoder they The first twenty or so years of my life I of Saturday Night Specials was banned 20 have purchased for their personal set. guess I was rather blase' about our flag and years ago. The legislation I am proposing will require took it for granted. I saluted it when proper Fortunately, there is legislation that will that federally funded nursing homes, hospi­ and would never have done anything to deal with these problems. Sen Howard tals, universities, as well as secondary and el­ desecrate it, but the sight of it never raised Metzenbaum, D-Ohio, and Rep. Fortney any great emotion in me. That all changed Stark, D-Cal., have bills pending in commit­ ementary schools, make decoder technology on April 29, 1945. tees that would strictly limit the commerce available for the hearing-imparied who use tel­ On that day I was one of many thousands in and growth of semi-automatic assault evision sets in these facilities. Hotels that do of POWs liberated from Stalag VIIA in rifles. The Stark bill appears to be the business with the Federal Government would Moosburg, Germany by General Patton's stronger of the two. But the National Rifle be required to provide guests with rooms fur­ Third Army. The fighting outside the camp Association types who attack it as un-Ameri­ nished with televisions capable of displaying ceased about noon. A few minutes later the can and far-reaching greatly exaggerate its closed-captioning. Also included in my bill is a most stirring sight I have ever winessed impact. Basically all it does is regulate semi­ took place. The Nazi banner came down and automatic assault rifles the same way auto­ requirement that all federally funded or pro­ Old Glory was raised over the village of matic machine guns have been regulated for duced public service announcements be Moosburg. Cheers rang out from all direc­ over 50 years. Purchases could be transacted closed-captioned. The device necessary to tions and I don't suppose there was a dry only after an FBI background check and ap­ "decode" television broadcasts weighs less eye in the camp. Since then whenever I see proval by law enforcement officials, and the than 4 pounds, is smaller than a cable TV box the American flag flying my memory goes weapons would have to be registered. There and costs less than $200. Commercial sys­ back to that day in Germany and my pride is every reason to treat this class of weapons tems that feed up to 1,000 sets can be pur­ in America and the flag that symbolizes her the way machine guns are treated. They are is renewed. Normally I am a very peaceable crime guns pure and simple. Act of 1989 will greatly improve access to in­ anyone deliberately burn or otherwise de­ The administration does not seem ready formation provided through television for a sig­ stroy our flag. to go this far. Not yet. But it might. George nificant portion of our population. In addition I understand that the Supreme Court Bush campaigned last year in opposition to to improving access to television for younger ruled that burning the flag was an expres­ the import ban. He has come around little Americans with hearing limitations, captioned sion of free speech as guaranteed by the by little in the past six months. We assume first amendment. I once read that former that is because while as candidate he felt television provides benefits to large segments Chief Justice Oliver Wendel Holmes said, the need to listen to the NRA, as president of the nondeaf population as well. For exam­ "Your right to swing your fist stops at my he feels the need to listen to the law en­ ple, nearly 38 percent of our Nation's elderly nose." I say that anyone who burns the forcement officials who know the horrible dimen­ potentially benefit from this remarkable tech­ Very truly yours, sions of the problem of assault weapons in nology. Try to imagine the value of captioned JOHN A. THURMON. the streets. television to a bed-confined, hearing-imparied nursing home resident. In addition, many be­ NEXT STEP ON ASSAULT RIFLES INTRODUCTION OF THE PUBLIC lieve that captioning speeds the attainment of ACCESS TO CAPTIONED TELE­ literacy. Captioning helps both hearing and HON. BENJAMIN L. CARDIN VISION ACT OF 1989 hearing-impaired children with reading and OF MARYLAND other learning skills. The capacity to watch TV and see dialog in English is a big help for IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES HON. JAMES J. FLORIO OF NEW JERSEY ethnic minorities learning English as a second Friday, July 21, 1989 language. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. CARDIN. Mr. Speaker, I would like to With this in mind, there are three major pro­ share with my colleagues an editorial that re­ Friday, July 21, 1989 visions in the Public Access to Captioned Tel­ cently appeared in the Monday, July 17, edi­ Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, it is with great evision Act of 1989 that I would like to briefly tion of the Baltimore Sun. pleasure that I introduce the Public Access to discuss. First, my bill requires that captioning I believe many Marylanders would agree Captioned Television Act of 1989, which will services be available in federally funded nurs­ with the position of the editorial-namely, that help make closed-captioned television more ing homes and hospitals as well as in federal- 15780 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1989 ly funded programs that use video program­ cational Administrators Serving the Deaf, Tele­ United States since June 5, 1989, other than ming for instructional purposes. All residents communications for the Deaf, Inc., the Nation­ for brief, casual, and innocent absences. and patients would be notified upon entering al Captioning Institute, the National Head "(b) PRESUMPTION OF CONTINUOUS RESI­ the facility that captioning is available. In addi­ Injury Foundation, the National Center for Law DENCE FOR CERTAIN NATIONALS OF THE PEO­ tion, captioning would be made available at PLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA.-For purposes of and the Deaf, and the American Speech-Lan­ adjustment of status under section 245 and universities, and secondary and elementary guage-Hearing Association. change of status under section 248, in the schools that receive Federal financial assist­ Mr. Speaker, my bill is designed to provide case of any national of the People's Repub­ ance. greater availability of captioned television for lic of China who- Second, a provision of my bill addresses the those who would benefit most from this won­ "(1) lawfully entered the United States on accessibility of captioned television in places derful technology. I urge my colleagues to join or before June 5, 1989, as a nonimmigrant of public accommodation. Under this bill, the me in supporting this legislation which will described in subparagraph , (J), or of Federal Government will not finance any con­ help to bring deaf and hearing impaired per­ section 10l. al Government has supported the National Friday, July 21, 1989 "(C) AUTHORIZATION OF TRAVEL ABROAD FOR Captioning Institute in order to promote great­ Mr. BARTON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, today CERTAIN CHINESE NATIONALS.-The Attorney er availability of captioned programming. It General shall, in accordance with existing I, along with several of my colleagues, am in­ regulations, permit an alien described in would seem to be quite inconsistent for our troducing legislation which will provide a solu­ subsection (b) to return to the United States Federal Government to not caption its own tion for the dilemma facing Chinese students after such brief and casual trips abroad as public service announcements and thereby living in the United States. Our bill, the Emer­ reflect an intention on the part of the alien deny millions of hearing-impaired individuals gency Chinese Immigration Relief Act of 1989, to continue residence in the United States. the opportunity to obtain often crucial informa­ will give Chinese students who are living and "(d) EMPLOYMENT AUTHORIZATION FOR CER· tion from these announcements. attending school in this country the opportuni­ TAIN CHINESE NATIONALS.-The Attorney As we continue to learn more about the ty to apply for permanent residence status General shall permit an alien described in value of captioning, the technology and inter­ after July 5, 1993 if the President cannot certi­ subsection (b) to engage in employment in the United States, and shall provide such est in it continues to develop. Several TV fy that the political climate in China makes it manufacturers have indicated their interest in national with an employment authorization safe for these students to return. The provi­ document or other appropriate work permit installing decoder modules into newly manu­ sions of this legislation are essentially the for the period described in subsection . factured TV's. Decoder modules would allow same as a bill which Senator SLADE GORTON "(e) PERIOD OF DEFERRED DEPARTURE FOR all new televisions to be capable of displaying and a number of other Senators have just in­ CERTAIN CHINESE NATIONALS.- captions, adding only about $1 O to the cost of troduced in the other body. I am inserting a "(1) Subject to paragraph (2) of this sub­ a new set. In addition, the amount of televi­ copy of this bill in the CONGRESSIONAL section, an alien described in subsection sion programming that is captioned has grown RECORD. shall have the alien's departure from the United States deferred during the period considerably in the past few years. In particu­ H.R.- lar, the American Broadcasting Corp. [ABC] ending on June 5, 1993, without regard to Be it enacted by the Senate and House of whether the alien has obtained an adjust­ now captions 100 percent of its prime time Representatives of the United States of ment or change of status referred to in sub­ schedule. America in Congress assembled, section or . Yet, Mr. Speaker, regardless of the amount SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. "(2) On or after June 5, 1990, the Attor­ of captioned programming available, if viewers This Act may be cited as the "Emergency ney General may terminate the period of do not have access to the decoder technolo­ Chinese Immigration Relief Act of 1989". deferred departure described in paragraph gy, they are denied this fundamental source of SEC. 2. ADJUSTMENT OF STATUS OF CERTAIN NA­ (1) no earlier than 60 days following the information and can easily become isolated TIONALS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC date that the President certifies to Congress from the events taking place around them. My OF CHINA. that conditions in the People's Republic of The Immigration and Nationality Act is China permit aliens described in subsection legislation increases opportunities for access Cb> to return to that country in safety. to crucial information for a very large segment amended by inserting after section 245A the following new sections the alien applies for such adjustment provide. of China may apply for adjustment of during the 90-day period ending on June 5, This legislation is endorsed by key organiza­ status to that of an alien lawfully admitted 1993; tions representing the deaf and the hearing­ for permanent residence or for a change to "(2) the alien- impaired, and the disabled, including: the Na­ another nonimmigrant status if such alien- "(A) was lawfully admitted to the United tional Association for the Deaf, the Alexander "<1) was lawfully admitted to the United States on or before June 5, 1989, as a nonim­ Graham Bell Association for the Deaf, the States on or before June 5, 1989, as a nonim­ migrant described in subparagraph , (J), American Society for Deaf Children, the Con­ migrant described in subparagraph of or of section 10l was in lawful nonimmigrant status gology, Head and Neck Surgery, the Deafness "(2) was in lawful nonimmigrant status on on June 5, 1989, and has resided continuous­ Research Foundation, the Conference of Edu- June 5, 1989, and has continuously in the ly in the United States since June 5, 1989, July 21, 1989 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 15781 other than for brief, casual, and innocent Page dislikes his first name "intensely" his first name, he also hates to have his pic­ absences; and never uses it. He claims the Gauchos ture taken. "Everybody has his idiosyncra­ "C3> the alien meets the requirements of had to drag him bodily to their gym. "They cies,'' he says. "That's mine." section 245ACa>C4>, except that membership got me out of my garden," he says. "They Sometimes Page works with older players. in the Communist Party of the People's Re­ volunteered my time." Rod Strickland, the Knicks guard who grew public of China or any subdivision thereof It couldn't have been too hard. This is a up just around the corner, still comes in for shall not constitute an independent basis man who used to walk all the way from this workouts. But Page prefers the little fel­ for denial of adjustment of status if such South Bronx neighborhood-where he's lows-the "Biddies" -age five and up. "They membership was 'involuntary' or 'nonmean­ lived for 30 years-to Stone Gymnasium at are more amenable to coaching," he ex­ ingful' and if the alien on or before the date Columbia University to coach a neighbor­ plains. "You seldom see a little kid tell you, of adjustment of status under this subsec­ hood team. He's a man who taught school 'I can't' or 'I don't know how.'" tion terminates such membership and re­ by day, worked as a city policeman at night, Page is gentle with the Biddlies, but a nounces communism; and and still found time to start a playground taskmaster still. The kids begin with "Goril­ "C4> the Attorney General shall not have team called "The New Breed." He paid the la Walks,'' bounding sideways around the terminated prior to June 5, 1993, the period expenses himself, except for the year James court, touching their hands to the ground. of deferred departure described in section Brown, the "Godfather of Soul," picked up Then they dribble two balls at once, back 245B(e). the bill. the wall. Then "power moves,'' picking a acceptance and processing of applications in "I don't say it was easy," Page says, ball off the floor, spinning toward the accordance with the provisions of this sec­ coming about as close as he does to high­ basket, and leaping as they put it against tion. sounding utterance. "But I thought it was the backboard. "(b) STATUS AND ADJUSTMENT TO PERMA­ important." Page watches every move. "Richie, there NENT RESIDENCE STATUS OF CERTAIN CHINESE Sitting with Page at the Gauchos' gym in something wrong with your left hand: he NATIONALs.-The provisions of subsections an old warehouse in the South Bronx, one shouts to a boy using his right hand from Cb>, <6>, <7>. Cd), (f}, (g), and Ch) of sec­ suspects that he still does. the left side of the basket. tion 245A shall college and the pros-players such as Ed dribble to Trenton, NJ, and back if Page apply to an alien provided temporary resi­ Pinckney of the Boston Celtics and Mark asked them. One boy from Queens takes dence under subsection Ca) in the same Jackson of the New York Knicks. During a three subway trains and a bus, six days a manner as such provisions apply to an alien tournament last year, 85 coaches from Divi­ week, to play for Page. "Every day I always provided lawful temporary residence status sion I schools squeezed into the Gauchos' find something they do well.'' Page says' under section 245A, except that member­ crowded grandstands. "After a while, they'll do anything I ask.'' ship in the Communist Party of the Peo­ But the Gauchos aren't just about basket­ An older boy is on the bench near Page, ple's Republic of China or any subdivision ball. "They are a tremendous organization," doing one-legged knee bends with weighted thereof shall not constitute an independent says Peter Gillen, basketball coach at jackets, like a boxer. Then he skips with a basis for denial of adjustment of status if Xavier University in Cincinnati. Their play­ thick, weighted rope. Though only 14, the such membership was 'involuntary' or 'non­ ers are "a cut above a lot of other kids," he boy's chest and shoulders are starting to meaningful' and if the alien on or before adds. ripple like taut cables. "That's my son," the date of adjustment of status under sub­ The Gauchos' founder is Louis d' Almeida, Page says. "I just work him to death, that's section Ca) terminates such membership and a New York businessman from Argentina all." renounces communism.". who is a basketball version of Eugene Page has 13 sons in all. He's son his third Lang-the millionaire who promised a whole batch of offspring, and the oldest is 50- class in Harlem he would pay their way something. ("I lose track,'' he says.) That INNERCITY YOUTHS SHOOT TO through college if they graduated from high revelation prompts a double take. Page WIN school. moves with an athlete's easy gait, and Mr. d'Almeida built the Gauchos' dazzling almost looks as though he could go one-on­ HON. ROBERT GARCIA new gym known. There is a price for error: wind almost $100 a week on subway fare and Inner-city basketball attracts all types. sprints and push-ups for missed foul shots pizzas for them. They call him up, tell him Hustlers who pocket cash for steering pros­ and layups. Losers in scrimmage games run things they don't tell their parents-things pects to college coaches. Genuine Samari­ around the court lugging heavy punching he wouldn't want to see in the newspapers. tans. Combinations of each. bags. But there are hints. At one point, he sum­ Then there's the man who calls himself "You can't save everyone,'' Jones says. "If mons a shy eight-year-old to his "office" on simply Mr. Page. "He's a genius," says Dre­ you save one, it's still worth it." the bench. The boy stands before him, eyes derick Irving, a former player for a New Page sits, offering comments from time to to the ground, sneakers about two sizes too York City basketball club named the Gau­ time. He wears a baseball cap, running big. chos, who went on to play at Boston Univer­ shoes, and shorts, an Afro comb perched in "Look me in the eye, son," Page says. His sity and now works at New England Life. the back pocket. Along with his aversion to voice is firm but gentle, meaning business 15782 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS July 21, 1989 but not harm. "Why are you telling me you probably go at night-unless you were a col­ ning and I'm thinking. 'What does he want are 10 years old? I know you are eight." lege basketball coach prowling for talent. me to do, beat up somebody?'" Jones re­ "How you know that?" the boy replies, In that case, you'd probably make your calls. avoiding Page's eyes. way past the check-cashing parlors and "He told me to close my eyes, and he "Your birth certificate told me," Page stripped-down cars to an old warehouse on turned on the light. I went crazy. He gave says. "Your momma told me." Gerard Avenue. Inside is a dazzling new me the keys and said, 'This is your gym.' " "Look me in the eye, son. You want to be gymnasium, with glass backboards, wood The next night, they brought the kids and here real bad. And you don't want me not to paneling, and white stucco walls. their parents over. "The kids were just run­ want you. You know why I want you? Be­ No weight room or frills, just pure basket­ ning up and down and jumping," Mr. Jones cause you are eight. If you were 10, I'd kick ball. "Very Japanese," is how Mr. Page, a says. "The parents were crying.'' you outta here." Redeemed, the boy prances Gaucho coach, describes it. Mr. d'Almeida is extremely generous in back out to the court. Dave Jones, who manages the gym, was covering expenses, Mr. Page says. But he "His mother is a crackhead," Page says. the first to see it. At 1 a.m., the night before can't resist a good-natured dig at the boss. the Gaucho's awards dinner, he got a call After three years, the padding under the GERARD AVENUE'S JUMPING GYMNASIUM from Lou d'Almeida, the Gaucho's founder. baskets still isn't complete. "Lou says things It isn't the worst neighborhood in the They drove over to this old warehouse in take time," Page deadpans. "Everything South Bronx. But it's also not a place you'd the dead of night. "He's smiling and grin- takes time."