Sun 'n Fun IX: The Medusa Laughs Again, Or Avoiding the Curse of the Ninth…we hope Packets by Ahmad Ragab et. al Round 9

Tossups: 1. [AR]This organization grants an award every third year to a significant work of American Revolutionary era history called the Cox Prize. This organization's headquarters since 1939, located at the heart of Dupont Circle, is called the Anderson House. This society's founding document adopted on May 13, 1783, is known as the Institution and its creation was presided over by Baron von Steuben. Members have included Admiral de Grasse, Thaddeus Koisciuszko and its second president was Alexander Hamilton. For 10 points, name this oldest military hereditary order in the US, whose first president George Washington was likened to the eponymous fifth century B.C. Roman farmer who was twice called to lead an army into battle. ANSWER: Society of the Cincinnati [accept Order of the Cincinnati]

2.[AR]One person with this surname was the editor of the New Yorker in 1933, and wrote historical fiction such as The Private Life of George Washington and A Flash of Gold. Another man with this surname wrote a novel about the titular doctor's method of removing painful memories in the minds of his patients, Dr. Heidenhoff's Process and a story about people who were quite thirsty, "The Parable of the Water-Tank." The larger work in which that short story appeared, Equality, was a sequel to a more famous work published in 1888. His cousin, a Baptist minister also gained fame as an author when a short work of his appeared in Youth's Companion and was accompanied by a namesake salute. For 10 points, give this surname shared by Edward and Francis, the latter author of the "Pledge of Allegiance" and the former the author of Looking Backward. ANSWER: Bellamy

3. [AR]Beginning from the Hamiltonian form of a particular eigenfunction of its related equation, the application of the adiabatic principle is a crucial step in its derivation as it leaves a residual electron-phonon interaction. It is an essential assumption of a rule that explains the intensity of vibronic transitions, the Frank-Condon principle. It assumes that nuclear motion is negligible as compared with electron motion and thus separates the wavefunction of the molecule into that of the nuclei and electrons. For 10 points, name this doubly-eponymous approximation useful in solving the time-independent Schrodinger Equation. ANSWER: Born-Oppenheimer Approximation

4. [AR]He began his career as a race car driver earning SI's driver of the year award in 1956 and 1957. Failing health forced him to give up racing in 1960 and he turned his attention to car design. When Lee Iacocca called him up he referred to the car for which he is best known for as a, "secretary's car." A recent book recounted the war both on and off the track he had with Enzo Ferrari and in honor of the 40th anniversary of one his best known vehicles, a new 540hp supercharged 5.4 liter V8 is being released in the spring of this year, the so-called "King of the Road." That car the GT500KR along with the 289 and 427 have cemented his place as one of the premier Ford tuners. For 10 points, name this automotive legend, designer of his namesake Cobra. ANSWER: Carol Shelby

5. [AR] In an open universe, the Dyson scenario will describe how one version of this is reached and in a closed universe, the Tipler scenario will. This will occur close to the set of points, which are neither the pasts, or the future of any other point in spacetime known as the c-boundary. The other primary condition known as the Aleph state occurs when an infinite amount of information is stored and processed. The classical formulation of this physic- theologic concept was introduced in a chapter called "Beyond the Collective: the Hyper-Personal" its developer suggests in The Phenomenon of Man, that it would futile to look for the impersonal in the noosphere and instead we must look to this as "The Future." For 10 points, name this term coined by the French Jesuit Teilhard de Chardin to describe the maximum level of complexity consciousness could reach in the universe. ANSWER: Omega Point

6. [RF]It begins by suggesting, "there was once a time when New England groaned under the actual pressure of heavier wrongs than those threatened ones which brought on the Revolution." Edgar Allen Poe's review of this collection in the Broadway Journal felt its reliance on the allegory and didatic was heresy. This collection includes the stories of a gathering of forest creatures to celebrate the marriage of Edgar and Edith which is brutally interrupted by John Endicott and his Puritan followers and a physician who brings together four friends to sample his discovery of the Fountain of Youth. In addition to "The Maypole at Merry Mount" and "Dr. Heidigger's Experiment", it also tells the story of Reverend Hooper's inexplicable attraction to a certain garment, "The Minister's Black Veil". For 10 points, name this 1837 collection, so named because its stories had been previously published in magazines, by Nathaniel Hawthorne. ANSWER: Twice Told Tales

7. [AR]The primary residence of these people is a longhouse known as the Tapui, which operated as self-subsistent economic and social units. Terminological confusion exists among the naming of this group as the term Cayua is often used interchangeably though it specifically refers to non-missionized natives as it means in the eponymous language, "men of the forest." This group is also compounded with the Tupi an indigenous people found just to the north of the Rio de la Plata. The language of this native population is from the Amerind family and is still spoken by over 4 million in South America, and such loanwords as cougar, toucan, and jaguar can be traced to it. For 10 points, name these indigenous peoples of Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. ANSWER: Guarani

8. [AR] Early in his career he worked in the office of Eero Saarinen and was heavily influenced by Alvar Alto. In one writing he asks, "Is not Main Street almost all right," arguing for the messy vitality of the built environment in his book, Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture. He designed a number of buildings on his Alma Mater's campus including Gordon Wu Hall, and the Lewis Thomas Laboratory located at Princeton University. Also discussing symbolic forms in his study of the Vegas strip, Learning from Las Vegas, this architect's other major works include the expansion of the Seattle Art Museum in 1991 and the Sainsbury Wing of the National Gallery in London. Winner of the 1991 Pritzker Prize, for 10 points, name this American Born architect famous for his satirical riposte of Mies van der Rohe, when he stated, "Less is a bore." ANSWER: Robert Venturi

9. [AR]Jonsson and Mullenhoff suggest that it is purely the product of heathendom though lines such as "fields unsowed bear ripened fruit," suggest Christian influences. The title character is likely raised from the grave by the one who wishes for her sagacious advice. It mentions Ithavoll twice, or the Field of Deeds where the gods met to number the years and to name things and near the end to discuss the aftermath of Ragnarok. In the original source, it is followed by the "Homavol" but the order of the stanzas in this poem differs significantly in the Hauksbok than it does in the Codex Regius. For 10 points, name this first poem of the "Elder Edda" in which Odin requests the wisdom of the prophetess or volva. ANSWER: Voluspa [or Voluspo]

10. [AR + DH]Studying at Julliard under John Corigliano, he is a co-founder with three other composers of BCM International, a consortium to produce concert works. Utilizing his own namesake types of chords, notably sevenths and ninths that tend to suspend the second or fourth of the chords present in such choral works as "Cloud Burst" and "Paradise Lost." One work for brass ensemble, a work which is transposed a semitone lower for the choral transcription, "Lux Aurumque," and one of his most often performed pieces contains three sections including, "The Ride," "At the Station," and "The Motive Revolution." For 10 points, name this prolific, concert band and choral composer of such works as Godzilla Eats Las Vegas, and The Ghost Train Triptych. ANSWER: Eric Whitacre

11. [AR]Prior to the first battle of this name, an uprising was started by the Cenomani, the Insubres and the Boii in which they burned Placentia and headed to this site against the forces of L. Furius Purpeo. In the build-up to a series of battles fought here 269 years later, Tacitus describes the Othonian invasion of Northern Italy as a foreign one. Another conflict of this name featured the Irish Brigade under Dillon and Burke, known as the "Wild Geese" whose defense of the Po Gate saved the forces of Villeroi. The two battles fought here during the War of the Four Emperors were also known as the Battles of Bedriacum. For 10 points, name this site of an indecisive 1702 battle between the French and Eugene of Savoy during the War of Spanish Sucession. ANSWER: Battle of Cremona [accept Bedriacum before "Irish" is said]

12. [AR]On either side of two skeletons, there are hands painted seeming to embrace this work. There are two breast-like objects, one of which seems to be a representation of a cell in metaphase while the other is an egg being fertilized. Hitler appears to one side of the work, a figure the painter referred to as a "lost child." This work is divided into three registers, with Aztec, Egyptian and Greek Gods at the top, the semi-divine heroes in the middle and the huddled masses at the bottom. There is a blazing sun with rays of hands extending to the corners of this work, while an inverted fetus dominates the middle. Inspired by an essay by Sigmund Freud, this work depicts the title figure with a feature, a third-eye of wisdom, that this painter often reserved for depicting her lover, Diego Rivera. For 10 points, name this work by Frida Kahlo, which depicts the title character swaddled in a small craft set on a river. ANSWER: Moses [or The Nucleus of Creation]

13. [AR]In an article that discusses Hume's lame-ass account of cause, the authors cite this work as an anticipation of Malebranche's Occasionalism. Consisting of a series of 20 "Discussions" the author attempts to deconstruct the title group's claims including their denial of bodily resurrection and their doctrine of the world's past eternity and show how their boastful and arrogant claims fail to deliver and moreover represent heresy. Subtitled "Concerning the Natural Sciences," it essentially represents a rejection of the work Avicenna and al-Farabi. For 10 points, name this 11th century philosophical polemic written by the Sufi mystic Al-Ghazali famously derided by Averroes in a similarly titled work. ANSWER: The Incoherence of the Philosophers

14. [AR] He was critical of attempts of those like J.B.S. Haldane who utilized gene-pool modeling in evolutionary biology calling it, "beanbag genetics." This man credited the idea he is often associated with to Theodosius Dobzhansky. He did influential work in the field of the philosophy of biology and his ornithological research led him to develop a special form of allopatric speciation where one of the populations involved is much smaller than the other species and is known as peripatric speciation. For 10 points, name this German born evolutionary biologist whose work, Systematics and the Origin of the Species, included a modern formulation of the founder effect and is credited with the development of the biological species concept. ANSWER: Ernst Walter Mayr 15.[AR]Regional Councils of People's Economy, called sovnarkhozes replaced industrial ministries, Kagenovich, Malenkov, and Molotov were labeled as part of the Anti-Party Group and purged during this time. The name of this duration was coined after a novel about Dmitri Koroteev, an engineer who is unhappily in love with Lena, by Ilya Ehrenburg. Events during this time included the 6th World Festival of Youth, the International Tchaikovsky Competition famously won by Van Cliburn and the publication of One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich. Initiated when the eponymous leader denounced his predecessor in a secret speech, titled on the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences, to the 20th Communist party Congress, for 10 points, name this period from 1953-1964 that allowed some political and social reforms in the USSR after the cold rule of Joseph Stalin. ANSWER: Khrushchev Thaw

16. [JR] In this work, an aristocratic young man falls in love with the titular object, personified as "Fair Welcome" but opposed by other personifications that symbolize the personal and social restraints standing against the man's romantic advances — Fear, Shame, Gossip, and Danger. The first part was never finished; it breaks off with the titular object imprisoned in the castle of Jealousy. The work was completed some years later by scholar at the University of Paris. Its purported attacks on women prompted a famous response from Christine de Pizan. For 10 points, name this medieval French poem begun by Guillaume de Lorris in A.D. 1237 and completed by Jean de Meun around 1280. ANSWER: "The Romance of the Rose" or "Le Roman de la Rose"

17. [AR]In a related calculation, aggregates and mid-point utilization can generate errors in the calculations of moments, thus one must use Sheppard's correction to West's Algorithm to determine this measure. The term used to describe this measure was coined in a lecture to the Royal Academy in 1893 by Karl Pearson, in which he derived this measure for several statistics, including the chi-squared test. In order to calculate this exactly one must know the corresponding distribution function, but in practical applications, it can be estimated from a sufficiently large sample size. Useful in determining confidence intervals, for 10 points, name this statistical measure the positive root of variance usually denoted with the lowercase Greek letter sigma. ANSWER: Standard Deviation

18. [AR] Douglas O. Linder cites one description of this group's dealings as a "monumental non-event." Members of this group were from various organizations such as MOBE and the Youth International Party. Two members of this group, one the author of the manifesto, Revolution for the Hell of It, planned to nominate Pigasus the Immortal for President. Recently a movie directed by Brett Morgan increased the number of this group by three, referencing the quote by one of its members, Jerry Rubin, who suggested that the two lawyers also went down with them and one was racist if you did not include Bobby Seale. For 10 points, name this set of defendants including Abbie Hoffman, charged with conspiracy and inciting to riot during the 1968 Democratic Convention. ANSWER: Chicago 7 or 8

19. [AR] In Cleanth Brooks and Robert Penn Warren’s work, Understanding Poetry, they use this poem to explain the relationship between poetry and history. The initial ambiguous compliment to the main character, of “forward youth” is followed by a number of comparisons to Caesar. It also suggests that the “active star” of the returning figure is urged on by “adventurous war,” It also mentions that “Charles himself might chase To Caresbrooke’s narrow case.” Written in 1650 by the author of “Tom May’s Death” it warns that “The Pict no shelter now find” and notes how “the Irish are ashamed /To see themselves in one year tamed.” Written soon after the central figure returned from Ireland and had the king of England executed, for 10 points, name this poem by Andrew Marvell. ANSWER: “An Horatian Ode Upon Cromwell’s Return from Ireland” 20. [AR]In order to avoid hydrolysis of the initial reactant strong bases such as Lithium diisopropylamide must be used and final intermediate must be neutralized by an aqueous acid in order to obtain the final product. The classic version of this reaction has one enolizable reactant while a variation involving aryl aldehydes has this reaction's namesake appended with Schmidt. The Stobbe modification is specifically for the diethyl ester of succinic acid and a related reaction using alpha-halo esters is known as the Darzens reaction, while an intramolecular version of this reaction is known as the Dieckman Reaction, which readily creates five or six membered rings. For 10 points, name this eponymous condensation reaction involving esters or ketones conducted in the presence of sodium ethoxide to yield beta-ketoesters. ANSWER: Claisen Condensation

TB. [AN] He appears on the 100 Euro sculpture coin and he is has a family of enzymes named for him because of their two nearly identical subregions. His two sets of eyes allowed him to catch his lover Carna, whom he gave power over door hinges and his defense of the Roman abductor of the Sabine women resulted in the doors to his temple being left open during times of war. He has no analogous Greek god, but busts of Hermes melded with a female deity facing opposite have been found as a possible root. FTP identify this Roman god of gates, doorsways, beginning and endings with two heads facing in opposite directions ANSWER: Janus

TB. [JR] In this novel, the protagonist, fulfilling the deathbed wish of his mother, returns home to find his father and claim the land that is rightfully hers. He narrates a tale of his journey to a dusty, desolate village, now populated by ghosts, and his conversations with them. His search for identity and his heritage is interwoven with the tale of his father, the titular character, and that of the sad but beautiful Susana San Juan. For 10 points, name this 1955 magical realist novel about the journey of Juan Preciado set during the chaotic times of the Mexican Revolution and the early 1900s by Juan Rulfo. ANSWER: Pedro Paramo

Bonuses: [AR]Because your tournament editor detests most things in the Anglo-Analytic philosophical tradition, answers these items related to the least detestable portions, for 10 points each: [10]This thought experiment designed to attack strong AI theories suggests that computers can never be said to understand the eponymous language because they would act like the ignorant manipulators in the title location. ANSWER: Chinese Room Argument [10]The Chinese Room Argument was developed by this philosopher of language, heavily influenced by the likes of Austin, Frege, and Wittgenstein. ANSWER: John Searle [10]Name John Searle's most influential publication that discusses more generally the illocutionary forms of the title behavior that Austin discusses in How to Do Things With Words ANSWER: Speech Acts

[AR]It was co-discovered by Robert Ochsenfeld in the 1930's, for 10 points: [10]Name this effect that describes the expulsion of a magnetic field from the interior of a superconductor. ANSWER: Meissner-Ochsenfeld Effect [10]In the Meissner Effect, the value of this property is equal to negative one suggesting that the material in question is perfectly diamagnetic. ANSWER: Magnetic Susceptibility [prompt on susceptibility] [10]This set of eponymous equations represents a mathematical explanation for the Meissner Effect, its discoverers assumed that the super-current inside must be carried by friction-free "super-electrons." ANSWER: London Equations

[AR]At last year's Chicago Open your tournament editor found an collection of early philosophical essays, entitled Art and Answerability by this man, in a box outside a book store, for 10 points: [10]Name this Russian literary critic, semiotician, and epically awesome theorist of the novel author of such works as Rabelais in his World, and Speech Genres and Other Late Essays. ANSWER: Mikhail M. Bakhtin [10]In one of his most read works, this series of four essays, he introduces the concepts of heteroglossia, the chronotrope and the title concept that suggests that works of literature are in communication with other works of literature he extends this concept to language generally. ANSWER: The Dialogic Imagination [10]He introduces the concept of dialogism along with carnival in discussing the Problem's of this author's Poetics, this author wrote such works as The Insulted and the Humiliated and The Double: A Petersburg Poem. ANSWER: Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky

[AR]Krakatau is believed to have been this type of eruption, for 10 points: [10]Name this steam-driven explosion when hot, hot magma comes into contact with groundwater, danger ensues. ANSWER: Phreatic Eruptions [10]The most common example of a Phreatic Eruption occurred on May 18th, 1980 in the Pacific Northwest ANSWER: Mount St. Helens [10]Sort of like a caldera these are the low-relief craters caused by Phreatic Eruptions. ANSWER: maars

[AR]Anwer the following about some upstart Rhode Island colonists during a 1772 incident, for 10 points each: [10]After King George III sent this ship along with her commander Lt. William Dudingston to the waters of Rhode Island to enforce trade and prevent smuggling, some locals burned it. ANSWER: HMS Gaspee [10]The burning of the Gaspee was led by this Commodore in the U.S. Navy, he captained the Katy rechristened the Providence. ANSWER: Abraham Whipple [10]Many of the colonies were prompted to create these bodies, whose primary purpose was communication as a result of the Gaspee Affair. ANSWER: Committees of Correspondence

[AR]This massive work was pronounced by Sir William Osler as one of the great medical treatises, and Boswell reports that this was the only book that made Dr. Johnson rise out of bed two hours earlier, for 10 points: [10]Name this massive text first published in 1621 that analyzes the title concept, historically, literarily, medically and psychologically ANSWER: Anatomy of Melancholy [10]The Anatomy of Melancholy was written by this English Scholar and Vicar at Oxford University ANSWER: Robert Burton [10]Robert Burton uses this nom de plume for the book, a reference to the "laughing philosopher" for whom he sees as his intellectual father and claims a resemblance to his life. ANSWER: Democritus Junior [accept Democritus minor]

[AR] His early screenplays include Variety Lights and The White Sheik, for 10 points: [10]Name this Italian director whose films include the Nights of Cabiria. ANSWER: Federico Fellini [10] In this Fellini surrealistic semi-autobiographical cinematic masterpiece, a confused and harried movie director named Guido Anselmi begins to lose touch with reality as he desperately tries to find inspiration for his latest project ANSWER: 8½ [10]This actor a frequent collaborator with Mr. Fellini played Guido in 8 ½, Fred on the TV show Ginger & Fred as well as the journalist-protagonist in La Dolce Vita. ANSWER: Marcello Mastroianni

[AR]British Anthropologists, for 10 points each: [10]This structural functionalist's work On Joking Relationships, examined the ritual banter between various kinship relations, he also did ethnographic work on The Andaman Islanders. ANSWER: Alfred Radcliffe-Brown [10]His work in studying tribes in the Sudan led to the publication of, The Neur and Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic among the Azande ANSWER: E. E. Evans-Pritchard [10]This anthropologist and noted polymath wrote, Hereditary Genius, a work that sought to establish inheritance as the primary process in which abilities are gained much in the same manner that his half-cousin, Charles Darwin showed for physical properties ANSWER: Francis Galton

[AR]Answer the following about hardcore numerical integration methods of Ordinary Differential Equations, for 10 points each: [10]The least hardcore method was named after a Swiss mathematician that uses an initial value and computes the next point by using an arbitrarily small step size and the first two terms of the Taylor expansion of the function. ANSWER: Euler's Method [10]This doubly eponymous more hardcore method of numerical integration classically a fourth order method uses a weighted average of slopes in order to find successive approximation of the function ANSWER: Runge-Kutta Method [10]Equations that are too hardcore for integration methods unless an insanely inefficient small step size is taken because the solutions are numerically unstable, these sorts of equations do not conform easily to approximation. ANSWER: Stiff Equations [Editor's Note: Hardcore!]

[R] Identify these characters from Alex Haley’s Roots, for 10 points each. [10] Kidnapped from African and taken to America aboard the Lord Liganier, he is whipped until he accepts the name Toby and later befriends Fiddler. ANSWER: Kunta Kinte [10] The daughter of Kunta Kinte, she is separated from her parents and sold off when she fakes a transit pass. ANSWER: Kizzie [10] The son of Kizzie, he earns his freedom through his mastery of the sport which earned him his nickname. After the Civil War, he leads his family into Tennessee. ANSWER: Chicken George [AR]It was not ratified in Mississippi until 1995, for 10 points: [10]Name this amendment to the U.S. Constitution that does not prohibit mandatory military service according the Supreme Court's decision in Butler vs. Perry. ANSWER: 13th Amendment [10]This legal term, referring to the contractualization of personal services, has been under some debate as to whether it constitutes "involuntary servitude," also known as an order of remedy it represents a strictly equitable remedy rather than a purely legal one ANSWER: specific performance [10]This eponymous admendment, along with the Crittenden Compromise, was passed as a "last-ditch" effort to avoid the Civil War, named after an Ohio Congressman, it would have denied Congress the ability to pass an amendment that would abolish or interfere with the domestic institutions of any state. ANSWER: Corwin Amendment

[AR]Negative and Positive Feedback mechanisms often serve to maintain this condition, for 10 points: [10]Name this process of a living organism that seeks to regulate its internal environment ANSWER: Homeostasis [10]The concept of Homeostasis was developed by this Father of Experimental Physiology, a French scientist he also did significant work regarding the function of the pancreas in the process of digestion. ANSWER: Claude Bernard [10]This statement conjectures that the Earth itself works towards a sort of ecological homeostasis, it was initially proposed by James Lovelock ANSWER: Gaia hypothesis

[AR]Name these famous alumni of the greatest fraternity in the country, Sigma Phi Epsilon, for 10 points each: [10] This SigEp from Stanford University a Nobel Laureate in Economics in 1972, is noted for his work in Social Choice Theory and a namesake "Impossibility Theorem." ANSWER: Kenneth Arrow [10] A member of SPE from Dartmouth, this noted children's author writing many of his works in anapestic tetrameter introduced us to timeless characters with strong aversions to Green Eggs, Ham and Christmas. ANSWER: Theodore S. Geisel [or Dr. Seuss] [10]Also a Freemason, this Duke SigEp is perhaps best known for his fast-food chain of Old Fashioned "Square" Hamburgers, named after his daughter. ANSWER: Dave Thomas

[AR]It was composed by the US Foreign Relations Committee in 1894, for 10 points: [10]Name this eponymous document along with the Blount Report that investigated the role of the US military in the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawai'i, it is named after the Democratic Alabama Senator who chaired the committee ANSWER: Morgan Report [10]The Morgan report contradicted the Blount Report in finding all those accused free of wrongdoing in the overthrow of this last monarch, the adopted granddaughter of Kamehameha I. ANSWER: Queen Lili'uokalani [10]After the deposition of Queen Lili'uokalani, this jurist and politician became the first President of the Republic of Hawaii and the first territorial governor after its annexation by the US. ANSWER: Sanford Dole

[AR]According to myth, they came into existence alone, and then hid themselves, for 10 points: [10]Name this collection of "separate heavenly ," a set of five primeval forces that generated , , and ANSWER: Kotoamatsukami [10]The Kotoamatsukami are described this main sourcebook for Shinto myth, compiled in 712, it is known in English as the Record of Ancient Matters ANSWER: [10]Interestingly enough there is no mention of the Kotoamatsukami in this work another commissioned historical work of ancient Japan, it is known as the Chronicles of Japan and was completed just after the Kojiki ANSWER: Nihongi [or ]

[AR]There are six accepted collections of this set of sayings of the prophet within Sunni Islam, for 10 points: [10]Name this set of the sayings of the prophet. ANSWER: Hadith [10]One of the primary methods of establishing the authenticity of the Hadith is establishing a verifiable chain of narration, which is known as this. ANSWER: isnad [10]Of the six accepted collections none are more universally accepted then the isnad deriving from this Hadith collector. ANSWER: Sahih al-Bukari

[RF]Identify these painters who were members of The Eight, FTPE. [10]Essentially the leader of the Eight, this painter taught at the Art Students League of New York and wrote The Art Spirit. ANSWER: Robert Henri [10]His most memorable works are boxing scenes like Stag at Sharkey's, Dempsey and Firpo, and Both Members of this Club. ANSWER: George Bellows [10]This member of the eight eschewed gritty urban scenes for bright postimpressionist watercolors like Franklin Park, Boston and Splash of Sunshine and Rain. ANSWER: Maurice Prendergast

[JR] Given a brief description, provide the works of J.S. Bach for 10 points each: [10] This set of 30 pieces for harpsichord was first published in 1741 as the fourth in a series called Clavier-Übung, or "keyboard practice", and is named for a student who, according to legend, had to play them for an insomniac Count. ANSWER: The Goldberg Variations [10] This incomplete masterpiece containing 18 individual works focuses on a single musical subject. Its "Contrapunctus XIV" breaks off abruptly in the middle of the third section at the 239th measure, with a note inscribed by the composer's son saying, "the composer died (here)." ANSWER: The Art of the Fugue or The Art of Fugue [10] Like The Art of the Fugue, this composition is a summation of Bach's lifelong involvement in choral settings and theology. A couple of the more famous movements are the "Crucifixus", featuring a set of variations over a repeated bass line, and the final "Dona nobis pacem", which starts quietly but builds into a grand fugue. ANSWER: Mass in B minor

[RF] Given the name of a Jane Austen heroine, identify the man whom she marries or agrees to marry at the end of her novel, for 5-10-20-30. Emma Woodhouse ANSWER: George Knightley Elizabeth Bennett ANSWER: Fitzwilliam Darcy Jane Bennett ANSWER: Charles Bingley Fanny Price ANSWER: Edmund Bertram

[JR] For 10 points each, which of the Great Lakes . . . [10]Is referred to by its Algonquian name "Gitche Gumee" in the Longfellow poem The Song of Hiawatha? ANSWER: Lake Superior [10]Was the site of an 1813 battle in which nine U.S. naval vessels captured six British vessels, thus ensuring American control of the lake for the remainder of the War of 1812? ANSWER: Lake Erie [10]Was first reached by French explorer Étienne Brûlé in 1615; however, historians continue to research artifacts believed to be of Norse origin, indicating possible earlier visits by Europeans? ANSWER: Lake Ontario