Tesis Doctoral Presentada Por : Raúl Fortes Guerrero

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Tesis Doctoral Presentada Por : Raúl Fortes Guerrero UNIVERSITAT DE VALÈNCIA FACULTAT DE GEOGRAFIA I HISTÒRIA DEPARTAMENT D ’H ISTÒRIA DE L ’A RT PROGRAMA DE DOCTORAT 3030 HISTÒRIA DE L ’A RT HAYAO MIYAZAKI, LA LÁMPARA MARAVILLOSA UN ESTUDIO DE SU CINE Y DE SUS REFERENCIAS HUMANISTAS A LA LUZ DE LAS CONEXIONES CULTURALES ENTRE JAPÓN Y OCCIDENTE TESIS DOCTORAL PRESENTADA POR : RAÚL FORTES GUERRERO DIRIGIDA POR : DR. CARLOS A. CUÉLLAR ALEJANDRO VALENCIA , MAYO DE 2017 ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 2 ― ― A mis padres, siempre ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 3 ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― 4 ― ― «Las obras de arte se crean por aquellos que están dispuestos a llegar al límite» Hayao Miyazaki ― ― ― ― ― ― ― ― («Mi alma se escapa cada noche al país del Sol naciente por la ventana del otoño y de la primavera») R. F. G. 5 6 ÍNDICE AGRADECIMIENTOS …………………………………………………. 11 PREFACIO ……………………………………………………………… 15 1. ABSTRACT …………………………………………………........ 21 1.1. Grounds for and objectives of the research ………………….. 21 1.2. Current status and methodology used ………………….......... 27 1.3. Brief conclusion ……………………………………............... 38 2. JUSTIFICACIÓN Y OBJETIVOS DE LA TESIS DOCTORAL .. 41 3. ESTADO DE LA CUESTIÓN Y METODOLOGÍA EMPLEADA ……………………………………………………... 61 4. INTRODUCCIÓN ……………………………………………….. 87 4.1. Aproximación al término anime : génesis y definiciones ……. 87 4.2. Los dibujos animados japoneses y su legitimidad cultural: precedentes histórico-artísticos ……………………………... 89 4.2.1. Artes plásticas: el manga y sus variantes ………………. 89 4.2.2. Artes escénicas: el teatro clásico japonés …………….. 102 4.2.3. Artes audiovisuales: el cine …………………………… 108 5. LA POÉTICA MIYAZAKIANA ………………………….......... 111 5.1. Lo fantástico, lo maravilloso y lo alegórico …………........... 111 5.1.1. Relación con el cuento …………………………........... 111 5.1.2. Relación con la fábula ………………………………… 129 5.2. El viaje iniciático y los límites de la magia ………………… 139 5.3. «Transtextualidad» e interculturalidad ………………........... 162 7 5.4. Creaciones y recreaciones espacio-temporales: realidad y ficción en los mundos miyazakianos ………………............. 190 5.5. La visión ambivalente de la ciencia y la tecnología …........... 204 5.5.1. Aeronaves, androides y otras máquinas ………………. 205 5.5.2. Steampunk y cyberpunk ………………………………. 211 5.6. El vuelo y su simbolismo ……………………………........... 219 5.7. Princesas, brujas, guerreras y mesías: heroínas en la obra de Hayao Miyazaki ……………………………………............ 225 5.7.1. Lo femenino y lo masculino ……………………........... 226 5.7.2. Orfandad y responsabilidad de los adultos …………… 240 5.7.3. Naturaleza y maternidad ……………………………… 243 5.8. La religión en la producción miyazakiana …………………. 248 5.8.1. El sintoísmo …………………………………………… 248 5.8.2. El budismo ……………………………………………. 274 6. CONCLUSIONS …………………………………………........... 295 7. APÉNDICES ……………………………………………………. 303 7.1. Tablas y textos complementarios …………………………... 303 7.1.1. Programas de animación emitidos semanalmente por la televisión japonesa ……………………………………. 303 7.1.2. La idea de «verdad» y el cine como vehículo de reflexión ………………………………………………. 304 7.1.3. La concepción de la infancia y la educación de los niños según Hayao Miyazaki …………………………........... 306 7.1.4. La lógica miyazakiana ………………………………... 309 7.1.5. Realidad, verosimilitud y ficción en la obra de Hayao Miyazaki: el caso de El viento se levanta …………….. 312 7.1.6. Sobre el sueño y el deseo: breve estudio comparativo de la obra miyazakiana y Picnic en Hanging Rock ………… 316 8 7.1.7. Kantan y sus precedentes: la concepción oriental del sueño ………………………………………………….. 319 7.1.8. Simbología de la figura de la rana en El viaje de Chihiro …………………………………………........... 320 7.1.9. La risa en Miyazaki ……………………………............ 324 7.1.10. La actitud «mágica» en La princesa Mononoke …... 327 7.1.11. La princesa Mononoke (I): conexiones entre el personaje del dios ciervo y las figuras simbólicas dadoras de vida y muerte ………………………….. 329 7.1.12. Porco Rosso y El viento se levanta : un estudio comparativo ………………………………………... 332 7.1.13. La princesa Mononoke (II): actitud ante la muerte desde una perspectiva psicológica ……………………...... 336 7.1.14. Algunas notas sobre la estructura narrativa y el modelo de producción en el cine de Hayao Miyazaki ……... 339 7.1.15. Los ritos de iniciación en la obra miyazakiana ……. 340 7.1.16. El viento se levanta , un soplo de vitalismo …........... 342 7.1.17. Porco Rosso : avatares del proceso de producción .... 344 7.1.18. El castillo en el cielo y la problematización de la tecnología ………………………………….............. 345 7.1.19. Tipología de personajes y acciones en la obra miyazakiana ……………………………………...... 347 7.1.20. Mi vecino Totoro y la «música de los dioses» …….. 349 7.1.21. Transgresiones culturales en La princesa Mononoke (I): la (in)violabilidad de la figura imperial ….………... 350 7.1.22. El concepto sociocultural de on en el cine de Hayao Miyazaki …………………………………………... 353 7.1.23. Mi vecino Totoro : una revisión de la figura de Inari ……………………………………................... 360 9 7.1.24. Transgresiones culturales en La princesa Mononoke (II): Gran Tradición versus Pequeñas Tradiciones ……... 361 7.1.25. Estudio del on aplicado a un caso concreto: El viento se levanta ……………………………………………... 364 7.2. Biofilmografía del autor ……………………………………. 367 7.2.1. Biografía ………………………………………………. 367 7.2.2. Filmografía ……………………………………………. 378 7.2.3. Fichas técnicas y artísticas de los largometrajes ……… 395 7.3. Imágenes ……………………………………………………. 425 8. FUENTES CITADAS ……………………………………........... 473 8.1. Audiovisuales ………………………………………………. 473 8.1.1. Cine …………………………………………………… 473 8.1.2. Televisión ………………………………………........... 477 8.1.3. Vídeo/DVD (OVAs) ………………………………….. 479 8.2. Bibliográficas ………………………………………………. 480 8.2.1. Libros, monográficos, guías, diccionarios, almanaques, catálogos y cómics .…………………………………… 480 8.2.2. Artículos, ensayos, entrevistas y otros textos en libros, periódicos, boletines, catálogos, revistas y páginas web ……………………………………………………. 502 8.2.3. Otras ……………………………………………........... 508 8.3. Digitales ……………………………………………………. 510 10 AGRADECIMIENTOS «Es de bien nacidos ser agradecidos», reza el refrán. Muchas son las personas que, a lo largo de estos años, me han brindado su apoyo incondicional y, de un modo u otro, me han ayudado a que, finalmente, el magno proyecto que ha supuesto escribir este trabajo haya salido adelante. Muchas son, por tanto, las personas a las que hoy debo profunda gratitud. Resulta imposible en unas pocas líneas nombrarlas a todas, pero sí quiero, al menos, mencionar los nombres de quienes han sido mis colaboradores más cercanos, aquéllos sin cuya desinteresada e inestimable cooperación la presente tesis doctoral no sería lo que ahora mismo es. Mi más sincero agradecimiento, en primer lugar, al Dr. Carlos Alfonso Cuéllar Alejandro, mi tutor y director, que ejerció desde el principio como tal, atendiendo en todo momento mis necesidades académicas y guiando con paciencia y pericia mi labor para llevarla a buen puerto. Gracias también al Dr. Marcos Pablo Centeno Martín, a la Dra. Ana Giménez Calpe y al Dr. Luis Vives-Ferrándiz Sánchez, ex compañeros queridos de la Universidad que me alentaron en todo momento a acabar el proyecto que empecé, y cuya experiencia previa ha sido de gran valor a la hora de mejorar el resultado de mi tarea. Gracias igualmente al Dr. Daniel Benito Goerlich por sus ánimos y sus sabios consejos, al Dr. Amadeo Serra Desfilis por sus amables aclaraciones referentes a los requisitos necesarios para la obtención del doctorado internacional, y a todo el personal administrativo y de servicios de la Secretaría del Departament d’Història de l’Art de la Universitat de València –en especial, a Dª. Isabel Barceló Ruiz, a Dª. Mar Beltrán Silva y a Dª. María José Calas García– por su eficiencia y su siempre atenta disponibilidad. No puedo olvidarme de mis apreciados Vicente Garí Pons y Bernardo Nicolás Llobell Crespo; mi gratitud al primero por su inestimable ayuda en el maquetado final 11 del texto, y al segundo, por sus acertadas sugerencias y recomendaciones y por algunos de los libros prestados para la realización de este trabajo académico sobre Japón. Precisamente porque Japón constituye el tema de mi tesis doctoral, es de justicia nombrar aquí al Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte del Gobierno de España – Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia en la época de mi estancia en el país nipón–, que me otorgó la beca F.P.U. (Formación de Profesorado Universitario) con la cual pude viajar hasta allí y hacer acopio de buena parte del material utilizado en la redacción de mi monografía sobre Hayao Miyazaki para Akal, que, gracias a que aún no ha sido publicada, la he podido hacer servir como núcleo principal de mi investigación, por lo que aprovecho para darle también las gracias a la editorial madrileña, representada, en este caso, por su subdirector de edición, Jesús Espino Nuño, y por Francisco López Martín, director de la Colección de Cine. Mención especial merecen mis contactos en el país del Sol naciente, que son muchos y muy buenos. A ellos tengo que agradecerles las pertinentes observaciones relacionadas con la traducción e interpretación de una parte del material contenido en estas hojas. Sin duda, su punto de vista y sus creencias, que tan generosamente han compartido conmigo, han sido providenciales para la correcta elaboración del presente trabajo. Deseo destacar especialmente la notable contribución de mis amigos Sahoko Abe, Hiroshi Amano, Kazuko Fujisawa, Moeko Fukuda, Hajime Furusaka, David Gundry, Nao Hamada, Yûko Hazenoki, Hideto Ikeda, Kiyohiko Izumi, Mariko
Recommended publications
  • Outdoor Club Japan (OCJ) 国際 アウトドア・クラブ・ジャパン Events
    Outdoor Club Japan (OCJ) 国際 アウトドア・クラブ・ジャパン Events Norikuradake Super Downhill 10 March Friday to 12 March Monday If you are not satisfied ski & snowboard in ski area. You can skiing from summit. Norikuradake(3026m)is one of hundred best mountain in Japan. This time is good condition of backcountry ski season. Go up to the summit of Norikuradake by walk from the top of last lift(2000m). Climb about 5 hours and down to bottom lift(1500m) about 50 min. (Deta of last time) Transport: Train from Shinjuku to Matsumoto and Taxi from Matsumoto to Norikura-kogen. Return : Bus from Norikura-kogen to Sinshimashima and train to Shinjuku. Meeting Time & Place : 19:30 Shijuku st. platform 5 car no.1 for super Azusa15 Cost : About Yen30000 Train Shinjuku to matsumoto Yen6200(ow) but should buy 4coupon ticket each coupon Yen4190 or You can buy discount ticket shop in town price is similar. (price is non-reserve seat) Taxi about Yen13000 we will share. Return bus Yen1300 and local train Yen680. Inn Yen14000+tax 2 overnight 2 breakfast 1 dinner (no dinner Friday) Japanese room and hot spring! Necessary equipment : Skiers & Telemarkers need a nylon mohair skin. Snowboarders need snowshoes. Crampons(over 8point!) Clothes: Gore-tex jacket and pants, fleece, hut, musk, gloves, sunglasses, headlamp, thermos, lunch, sunscreen If you do not go up to the summit, you can enjoy the ski area and hot springs. 1 day lift pass Yen4000 Limit : 12persons (priority is downhill from summit) In Japanese : 026m)の頂上からの滑降です。 ゲレンデスキーに物足りないスキーヤー、スノーボーダー向き。 山スキーにいいシーズンですが、天気次第なので一応土、日と2日間の時間をとりました。
    [Show full text]
  • Castellitto Pietro
    NUOVO! LA TUA NUOVA GUIDA A FILM E SERIE TV STREAMING032021 THE UNDOING SECONDO ZEROCALCARE PIETRO CASTELLITTO È NELLA SERIE SKY ORIGINAL SPERAVO DE MORÌ PRIMA TOTTITUTTE LE NOVITÀ DI MARZO DA GUARDARE DOVE VUOI IL GLOSSARIO DI FILM E SERIE TV GUIDA ALLA TERMINOLOGIA SULLO STREAMING INTRODUZIONE DA CONOSCERE Binge Watching: indica l’atto di “abbuffarsi” di una serie Tv, guardando 1 COS’È BEST STREAMING? compulsivamente un episodio dietro l’altro per È un mensile dedicato al mondo dei servizi streaming cercare di terminarla il prima possibile. come Disney+, Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Infinity, Cliffhanger: è un nodo narrativo non risolto TIMVISION, RaiPlay, StarzPlay. Queste piattaforme forniscono che lascia il finale di un episodio in sospeso, contenuti (film, serie Tv, reality, eccetera) attraverso la Rete, amplificando il desiderio di vedere il successivo. gratuitamente o dietro pagamento di un abbonamento. Reunion: una riunione in grande stile del cast originale di una serie Tv o di un film, organizzata sia per lanciare un episodio celebrativo extra che per festeggiare insieme al 2 COME SI CONSULTA BEST STREAMING? pubblico anniversari ed eventi speciali. Best Streaming è una guida mensile ai programmi di nuova Showrunner: è il creatore di una serie Tv. generazione che supera il concetto di palinsesto, tipico della Tv lineare. Sarai tu a costruire la tua programmazione, decidendo cosa Sneak Peek: ovvero, una “sbirciatina”. È un assaggio di un trailer o un’anticipazione vedere e quando vederlo, consultando i menù messi a disposizione di una serie, di solito più breve e più mirata dalle singole piattaforme. Nelle prossime pagine troverai questi rispetto al trailer.
    [Show full text]
  • Pdf/Rosen Eng.Pdf Rice fields) Connnecting Otsuki to Mt.Fuji and Kawaguchiko
    Iizaka Onsen Yonesaka Line Yonesaka Yamagata Shinkansen TOKYO & AROUND TOKYO Ōu Line Iizakaonsen Local area sightseeing recommendations 1 Awashima Port Sado Gold Mine Iyoboya Salmon Fukushima Ryotsu Port Museum Transportation Welcome to Fukushima Niigata Tochigi Akadomari Port Abukuma Express ❶ ❷ ❸ Murakami Takayu Onsen JAPAN Tarai-bune (tub boat) Experience Fukushima Ogi Port Iwafune Port Mt.Azumakofuji Hanamiyama Sakamachi Tuchiyu Onsen Fukushima City Fruit picking Gran Deco Snow Resort Bandai-Azuma TTOOKKYYOO information Niigata Port Skyline Itoigawa UNESCO Global Geopark Oiran Dochu Courtesan Procession Urabandai Teradomari Port Goshiki-numa Ponds Dake Onsen Marine Dream Nou Yahiko Niigata & Kitakata ramen Kasumigajo & Furumachi Geigi Airport Urabandai Highland Ibaraki Gunma ❹ ❺ Airport Limousine Bus Kitakata Park Naoetsu Port Echigo Line Hakushin Line Bandai Bunsui Yoshida Shibata Aizu-Wakamatsu Inawashiro Yahiko Line Niigata Atami Ban-etsu- Onsen Nishi-Wakamatsu West Line Nagaoka Railway Aizu Nō Naoetsu Saigata Kashiwazaki Tsukioka Lake Itoigawa Sanjo Firework Show Uetsu Line Onsen Inawashiro AARROOUUNNDD Shoun Sanso Garden Tsubamesanjō Blacksmith Niitsu Takada Takada Park Nishikigoi no sato Jōetsu Higashiyama Kamou Terraced Rice Paddies Shinkansen Dojo Ashinomaki-Onsen Takashiba Ouchi-juku Onsen Tōhoku Line Myoko Kogen Hokuhoku Line Shin-etsu Line Nagaoka Higashi- Sanjō Ban-etsu-West Line Deko Residence Tsuruga-jo Jōetsumyōkō Onsen Village Shin-etsu Yunokami-Onsen Railway Echigo TOKImeki Line Hokkaid T Kōriyama Funehiki Hokuriku
    [Show full text]
  • News Published Bythe Nichiren Shu Headquarters & Kaigai Fukyo Koenkai
    Nichiren Shu News Published bythe Nichiren Shu Headquarters & Kaigai Fukyo Koenkai No. 164 February 1, 2008 1 New Year’s Greeting: ‘Let Us Chant the Odaimoku to Develop Buddha-nature’ seed in our minds? feel, even when you are By Archbishop Nichiji Sakai, Nichiren Shonin preaches in his asleep or awake, or Nichiren Shu Order letter written to Nun Myoho-ama, when you stand up or Happy New Year to you all! We “Say ‘Namu Myoho Renge Kyo’ and sit, you who practice the hope to keep our mind and body in your Buddha-nature will never fail to teaching of the Lotus good shape and to have vivid and come out.” Sutra should not stop cheerful days throughout the year. This is an important point. The chanting the sacred title, Venerable Rev. Taido Matsubara, Odaimoku, ‘Namu Myoho Renge ‘Namu Myoho Renge the President of the Namu Associa- Kyo,’ extracts the essence of the Lotus Kyo,’ at any moment. tion, who will be 101 years old this Sutra. Therefore, to chant ‘Namu By using this sacred year, says in his poem: Myoho Renge Kyo’ means to devote title as a weapon, you No matter who you are or no mat- all yourself to the Lotus Sutra, to take should chant ‘Namu ter who I am, in the essence of the Lotus Sutra. Myoho Renge Kyo,’ We are all the children of the Bud- ‘Namu Myoho Renge Kyo’ which sincerely wishing to see dha. Nichiren Shonin uttered is the assimi- the true aspect of the We all have the Enlightened One lation of himself into the title itself; in Lotus Sutra with your in our minds.
    [Show full text]
  • A.C. Ohmoto-Frederick Dissertation
    The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts GLIMPSING LIMINALITY AND THE POETICS OF FAITH: ETHICS AND THE FANTASTIC SPIRIT A Dissertation in Comparative Literature by Ayumi Clara Ohmoto-Frederick © 2009 Ayumi Clara Ohmoto-Frederick Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2009 v The dissertation of Ayumi Clara Ohmoto-Frederick was reviewed and approved* by the following: Thomas O. Beebee Distinguished Professor of Comparative Literature and German Dissertation Advisor Chair of Committee Reiko Tachibana Associate Professor of Comparative Literature and Japanese Véronique M. Fóti Professor of Philosophy Monique Yaari Associate Professor of French Caroline D. Eckhardt Professor of Comparative Literature and English Head of the Department of Comparative Literature *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii Abstract This study expands the concept of reframing memory through reconciliation and revision by tracing the genealogy of a liminal supernatural entity (what I term the fantastic spirit and hereafter denote as FS) through works including Ovid’s Narcissus and Echo (AD 8), Dante Alighieri’s Vita Nuova (1292-1300), Yokomitsu Riichi’s Haru wa Basha ni notte (1915), Miyazawa Kenji’s Ginga tetsudo no yoru (1934), and James Joyce’s The Dead (1914). This comparative analysis differentiates, synthesizes, and advances upon conventional conceptions of the fantastic spirit narrative. What emerges is an understanding of how fantastic spirit narratives have developed and how their changes reflect conceptions of identity, alterity, and spirituality. Whether the afterlife is imagined as spatial relocation, transformation of consciousness, transformation of body, or hallucination, the role of the fantastic spirit is delineated by the degree to which it elicits a more profound relationship between the Self and Other.
    [Show full text]
  • Tokujinyoshioka Waterfall.Pdf
    Tokujin Yoshioka Waterfall Sherman Contemporary Art Foundation Sydney Contents Tokujin Yoshioka Waterfall Sherman 7 October 5 Preface Gene Sherman Contemporary – 17 December Art 2011 9 Waterfall Foundation 20 An Interview with Tokujin Yoshioka Dolla S. Merrillees 27 Nature as a Presence Mami Kataoka 45 Tornado 57 Snow 69 VENUS – Natural crystal chair 79 Rainbow Church 89 List of Works 90 Artist Selected Biography 91 Artist Selected Bibliography 92 Contributors 95 Acknowledgements 3 Preface Gene Sherman Chairman and Executive Director Sherman Contemporary Art Foundation The Sherman Contemporary Art Foundation (SCAF) Tokujin Yoshioka installation represents a milestone in the exhibition history of the Foundation, which has curated and organised twelve commissions and projects since April 2008. While Tokujin is an artist – a representative of SCAF’s core focus group – he most frequently works within the framework of functional design: furniture, lighting and cutting-edge retail, restaurant and fashion interiors. Art and design, long separated into rigorous categories, now periodically overlap in the upper echelons of innovative creative practices. In the second decade of the twenty- first century, how do these two disciplines interrelate? The aftermath of the postmodern period has given rise to intersecting creative endeavours. Art schools worldwide no longer pigeonhole students in sculpture, painting, printmaking or medium-specific departments. Emerging practitioners most commonly conceptualise their projects, selecting the best pathway to realisation from amongst the many technical methodologies their education has placed at their disposal. Similar forces were at work, of course, during fin-de-siècle and early twentieth century artistic movements: between 1903 and 1932, the Wiener Werkstätte, spearheaded by Josef Hoffmann and Koloman Moser (with Gustav Klimt’s early participation), encouraged avant-garde collectors1 to commission or acquire paintings, furniture, lighting, carpets and tableware linked by aesthetic and philosophical considerations.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Commons at The
    http://waikato.researchgateway.ac.nz/ Research Commons at the University of Waikato Copyright Statement: The digital copy of this thesis is protected by the Copyright Act 1994 (New Zealand). The thesis may be consulted by you, provided you comply with the provisions of the Act and the following conditions of use: Any use you make of these documents or images must be for research or private study purposes only, and you may not make them available to any other person. Authors control the copyright of their thesis. You will recognise the author’s right to be identified as the author of the thesis, and due acknowledgement will be made to the author where appropriate. You will obtain the author’s permission before publishing any material from the thesis. FROM 'AMBIGUOUSLY GAY DUOS' TO HOMOSEXUAL SUPERHEROES: THE IMPLICATIONS FOR MEDIA FANDOM PRACTICES A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Screen and Media At The University of Waikato By GEMMA CORIN The University of Waikato 2008 Abstract Despite traversing the fine line between homosocial and homosexual (Brooker, 2000) in his controversial text Seduction of the Innocent, Fredric Wertham’s (1954) description of Batman and Robin as a ‘wish dream of two homosexuals living together’ (Lendrum, 2004, p.70) represents one of the first published queer readings of superhero characters. This text can also be interpreted as the commencement of, and subsequent intense interest in the way superhero characters often portray a ‘camp’ sensibility (Medhurst, 1991) representative of a queer performative identity (Butler, 1993).
    [Show full text]
  • A Blue Cat on the Galactic Railroad: Anime and Cosmic Subjectivity
    PAUL ROQUET A Blue Cat on the Galactic Railroad: Anime and Cosmic Subjectivity L OOKING UP AT THE STARS does not demand much in the way of movement: the muscles in the back of the neck contract, the head lifts. But in this simple turn from the interpersonal realm of the Earth’s surface to the expansive spread of the night sky, subjectivity undergoes a quietly radical transformation. Social identity falls away as the human body gazes into the light and darkness of its own distant past. To turn to the stars is to locate the material substrate of the self within the vast expanse of the cosmos. In the 1985 adaptation of Miyazawa Kenji’s classic Japanese children’s tale Night on the Galactic Railroad by anime studio Group TAC, this turn to look up at the Milky Way comes to serve as an alternate horizon of self- discovery for a young boy who feels ostracized at school and has difficulty making friends. The film experiments with the emergent anime aesthetics of limited animation, sound, and character design, reworking these styles for a larger cultural turn away from social identities toward what I will call cosmic subjectivity, a form of self-understanding drawn not through social frames, but by reflecting the self against the backdrop of the larger galaxy. The film’s primary audience consisted of school-age children born in the 1970s, the first generation to come of age in Japan’s post-1960s con- sumer society. Many would have first encountered Miyazawa’s Night on the Galactic Railroad (Ginga tetsudo¯ no yoru; also known by the Esperanto title Neokto de la Galaksia Fervojo) as assigned reading in elementary school.
    [Show full text]
  • Saran Santas
    Santas Saran Santas (see Sandan) Sapas Canaanite Buih, who came, like Aphrodite, from santer North American [Saps.Shapash:=Babylonian Samas: the sea. a fabulous animal =Sumerian Utu] Sar (see Shar) Santeria African a sun-god sara1 Buddhist a god of the Yoruba In some accounts, Sapas is female. an arrow used in rites designed to Santi Hindu Saphon (see Mount Zaphon) ward off evil spirits (see also capa) a goddess Sapling (see Djuskaha.Ioskeha) Sara2 Mesopotamian consort of Tivikrama Saps (see Sapas) a war god, Babylonian and Sumerian Santiago South American Sapta-Loka Hindu son of Inanna, some say a later version of Ilyapa derived from the 7 realms of the universe Sara-mama (see Saramama) the Spanish St James In some versions, the universe has Saracura South American Santoshi Mata Hindu three realms (Tri-Loka). In the version a water-hen a mother-goddess that postulates seven, Sapta-Loka, they When Anatiwa caused the flood, this Sanu1 Afghan are listed as: bird saved the ancestors of the tribes by [Sanru] 1. Bhur-Loka, the earth carrying earth to build up the mountain- a Kafir god 2. Bhuvar-Loka, the home of the sage top on which the survivors stood. father of Sanju in the sky Sarada Devi1 Hindu Sanu2 (see Sanju) 3. Jona-Loka, the home of wife of Ramakrishna Sanugi Japanese Brahma’s children Sarada Devi2 Tibetan a bamboo-cutter 4. Marar-Loka, the home of the saints a Buddhist-Lamaist fertility-goddess He found the tiny Kaguya in the heart 5. Satya-Loka, the home of the gods and goddess of autumn and of a reed and reared her.
    [Show full text]
  • A Voice Against War
    STOCKHOLMS UNIVERSITET Institutionen för Asien-, Mellanöstern- och Turkietstudier A Voice Against War Pacifism in the animated films of Miyazaki Hayao Kandidatuppsats i japanska VT 2018 Einar Schipperges Tjus Handledare: Ida Kirkegaard Innehållsförteckning Annotation ............................................................................................................................................... 3 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.1 Aim of the study ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.2 Material ......................................................................................................................................... 5 1.3 Research question .......................................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Theory ........................................................................................................................................... 5 1.4.1 Textual analysis ...................................................................................................................... 5 1.4.2 Theory of animation, definition of animation ........................................................................ 6 1.5 Methodology ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Belladonna of Sadness : Grivoiserie Artistique]
    Document generated on 09/28/2021 3:56 p.m. Séquences : la revue de cinéma Belladonna of Sadness Grivoiserie artistique Jean-Marie Lanlo André Forcier. Embrasse-moi comme tu m’aimes Number 304, October 2016 URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/83855ac See table of contents Publisher(s) La revue Séquences Inc. ISSN 0037-2412 (print) 1923-5100 (digital) Explore this journal Cite this review Lanlo, J.-M. (2016). Review of [Belladonna of Sadness : grivoiserie artistique]. Séquences : la revue de cinéma, (304), 16–17. Tous droits réservés © La revue Séquences Inc., 2016 This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to promote and disseminate research. https://www.erudit.org/en/ 16 | LES FILMS – GROS PLAN Belladonna of Sadness Grivoiserie artistique En 1973, Eiichi Yamamoto réalisait Belladonna of Sadness, troisième et dernier « animerama » d’un cycle érotique mis en chantier par Mushi Production. Après Les mille et une nuits et Cléopâtre, les producteurs nous proposaient alors une adaptation très personnelle et très 70 de La sorcière de Jules Michelet. Belladonna of Sadness était depuis peu accessible, mais nous avons maintenant la possibilité de revoir ce film visuellement splendide dans une belle copie restaurée. Si tout n’y est pas parfait, ses qualités visuelles en font malgré tout une œuvre incontournable ! JEAN-MARIE LANLO ès les années 60, et surtout dans les années 70, le sexe tour à tour Alfons Mucha, Aubrey Beardsley, Gustav Klimt, voire est très présent au cinéma, que ce soit aux États-Unis, en Egon Schiele.
    [Show full text]
  • Journey to Japan Sleepover: Top Films
    Top 10 Japanese flms Japanese cinema is among the most famous and celebrated in the world. It dates all the way back to 1897, when the Lumière Brothers’ cinematograph (a camera which could record, develop and project flm) arrived in Japan. However, moving pictures already existed in the form of Utsushi-e. This was a type of magic lantern show which used a projector to show colourful fgures moving on the screen as a storyteller narrated. Kagee (shadow puppets), emakimono (picture scrolls like the one above) and manga (graphic novels) were also developed in Japan and inspired modern Japanese anime (hand-drawn or computer animation). We’ve picked some of our favourite flms so snuggle up and get stuck in! All the flms on this list have a PG rating. Let us know if you watch any of our Saru no soshi emaki 猿草子絵 巻 (Tale of the Monkeys). Ink painting recommendations! You can email your reviews on paper, Japan, 1560–1570s. to [email protected] 1 Spirited Away (2001) 千と千尋の神隠し This wonderful animated flm is written and directed by the famous Japanese director Hayao Miyazaki. It features the adventures of a 10-year-old girl called Chihiro. After accidentally discovering an abandoned theme park, she is soon swept into a world of magic, spirits and witches. Netfix 2 The Castle of Cagliostro (1979) ルパン三世 カリオストロの城 Part action, part comedy, this is the story of a charming thief who embarks on a quest to free a princess from an evil count. The main character, Arsène Lupin, was originally a character in a manga series called Lupin III! Netfix, Amazon Prime 3 My Neighbor Totoro (1988) となりのトトロ This is the story of two girls called Satsuke and Mei who move into an old house in the countryside.
    [Show full text]