DOCSLIB.ORG

Key-Stage IV (Classes IX and X)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Key-Stage IV (Classes IX and X) Self-Instructional Materials Key-stage IV (Classes IX and X) Published by Ministry of Education in collaboration with Royal Education Council Copyright © Ministry of Education, Bhutan Advisors 1. Karma Tshering, Officiating Secretary, Ministry of Education 2. Kinga Dakpa, Director General, Royal Education Council 3. Phuntsho Lhamo, Education Specialist, Advisor to Department of School Education, MoE Developers 1. Kinzang Wangchuk, Principal, Laptsakha PS, Punakha (Key-stage Facilitator) 2. Kelzang Lhadon, School Lead Teacher, Shari HSS, Paro (Key-stage Facilitator) 3. Jamyang Drukda, Teacher, Punakha CS, Punakha (Key-stage Facilitator) 4. Samdrup Tshering, Teacher, Lamgong MSS, Paro (Dzongkha) 5. Kezang Wangmo, Teacher, Daga CS, Dagana (English) 6. Chimmi Yangdon, Teacher, Changangkha MSS, Thimphu (English) 7. Pratima Rai, Teacher, Khangkhu MSS, Paro (English) 8. Phurpa Gyeltshen, Teacher, Zilukha MSS, Thimphu (Mathematics) 9. Chhimi Lhadon, Teacher, Changangkha MSS, Thimphu (Social Science – Geography) 10. Kuenzang Wangchuk, Teacher, Nobding LSS, Wangdue (Social Science – Geography) 11. Ngawang Drakpa, Zilukha MSS, Thimphu (Social Science – History) 12. Leki Wangmo, Teacher, Mendrelgang CS, Tsirang (Science – Chemistry) 13. Tshering Zangmo, Teacher, Changangkha MSS, Thimphu (Science – Chemistry) 14. Nima Tshering, Teacher, Lhuentse HSS, Lhuentse (Science – Biology) 15. Tashi Dorji, Teacher, Sonamthang CS, Zhemgang (Science – Physics) Content Editors 1. Tsheringla, Principal, Daga CS, Dagana (English) 2. Kelzang Lhadon, School Lead Teacher, Shari HSS, Paro (English) 3. Pratima Rai, Teacher, Khangkhu MSS, Paro (English) 4. Sonam Zangmo, Teacher, Sonamgang MSS, Phunthsoling Thromde (Dzongkha) 5. Dechen Pelden, Teacher, Lhuentse HSS, Lhuentse, (Mathematics) 6. Sumitra Subba, Teacher, Shari HSS, Paro (Physics & Chemistry) 7. Sonam Zangmo, Cluster Lead Teacher, Samtse HSS, Samtse (Biology) 8. Tshering Lham, Shari HSS, Paro (Biology) 9. Bodpa Nidup, Teacher, Jigme Sherubling CS, Trashigang (Geography) 10. Tshering Namgyel, Lhuentse HSS, Lhuentse (History) Layout and Design 1. Jamyang Drukda, Teacher, Punakha CS, Punakha Cover Design 1. Samdrup Tshering, Teacher, Lamgong MSS, Paro Overall Coordinator 1. Phuntsho Lhamo, Education Specialist, Advisor to Department of School Education, MoE TABLE OF CONTENTS English: Present Tense ..............................................................................................................4 English: Past Tense ................................................................................................................. 15 English: Future Tense ............................................................................................................. 24 English: Letter Writing ........................................................................................................... 33 English: Types of Sentences .................................................................................................... 38 English: Figures of Speech ...................................................................................................... 42 English: Direct and Indirect Speech ....................................................................................... 49 English: How to Approach a Novel ........................................................................................ 58 Biology: Hormones .................................................................................................................. 63 Biology: Ecosystem.................................................................................................................. 72 Chemistry: Chemical Bond ..................................................................................................... 78 Physics: The Electromagnetic Waves ..................................................................................... 86 Mathematics: Data Involving Two Variables ........................................................................ 95 Mathematics: Linear Inequalities......................................................................................... 110 Mathematics: 2-D Efficiency and 3-D Efficiency ................................................................. 119 Mathematics: Simple and Compound Interest .................................................................... 126 Mathematics: Probability ..................................................................................................... 135 Mathematics: Linear Functions and Relations .................................................................... 145 Mathematics: Making Purchasing Decisions & Taxation ................................................... 156 Geography: Factors Affecting Climate of Bhutan ............................................................... 166 Geography: Hazards ............................................................................................................. 175 Geography: Gross National Happiness ................................................................................ 182 History: Branches of Government – Part II......................................................................... 190 History: Jigme Namgyel - The Architect of United Bhutan ................................................ 201 རྫོང་ཁ། སྲུང་བསྐྱར་筲བ།.................................................................................................................. 211 རྫོང་ཁ། 歲ག་མཚམས། བརྗོད་མཚམས།དྫོན་མཚམས། ............................................................................. 217 རྫོང་ཁ། གཏང༌蝲ག། ཞུ༌蝲ག། འཕྲིན་蝲ག། ........................................................................................... 222 KEY STAGE – IV Self-Instructional Material Lesson No: 1 Subject: English Class: 9 – 10 Time: 50 minutes Topic: Present Tense 1. List down different types of verbs. 2. Construct sentences using different types of verbs. 3. Complete the given activities on Present tense and its four aspects. Introduction 2. 1. What is a tense? 2. How many types of tenses are there? 3. List down all types of tenses. Instruction: Read the information provided below very carefully in order to understand the concepts correctly. You are also advised to take notes of the important points. Tense Sequence There are 12 tenses in total. They help to mark tenses in the sentence to help us understand when an action took place, is taking place or is yet to take place. Thus, the job of the tenses is to mark present, past and future in a sentence. Note: It is very important to understand different forms of verbs before trying to understand how different types of tenses are formed. The table given below contains information on different types of verbs. Type of Verb Present Present Continuous Past Past Continuous Form Form Verb to ‘be’ am/is/are am/is/are+verb+being was/were was/were+verb+being Verb to ‘do’ do/does am/is/are +doing did was/were + doing Verb to ‘have’ have/has am/is/are +having had was/were+ having Other verbs: a. jump jump/jumps is/are + jumping jumped was/were +jumping b. write write/writes is/are+ writing wrote was/were + writing However, a complete table of tenses has another tense called “Perfect tense”. It is formed by adding Past Participle (pp) to the verb ‘have’ such as have, has and had. Perfect Tense = have/has/had + Past Participle (PP) What is past participle? It can be simply called as the third form of the verb. Study the following table to understand better. 4 English – Class 9-10 KEY STAGE – IV Self-Instructional Material Base Verb Present Form Past Form Past Participle (pp) eat eat, eats ate eaten play play, plays played played write write, writes wrote written read read, reads read read put put, puts put put Verb to ‘be’ am/is/are was/were been Verb to ‘have’ have/has had had Verb to ‘do’ do/does did done Note: Past participles can be formed by either adding –en, -ed, -t to the base form of a verb. Base verbs are verbs without ‘s’ or ‘es’ in them such as eat, play, learn, write, read and so on. Examples of perfect tenses 1. Deki has eaten her apple. 2. Dorji had already played two basketball matches when his friend invited him for another one. 3. They have written a long essay. 4. We had read the story thrice when the teacher asked us to read again. Note: Every verb that ends with ‘ed’ are not in past tense form. If the verb ending with ‘ed’ is preceded by ‘have’, ‘has’ or ‘had’ then it is in its past participle (pp) form. Example: 1. He played table tennis many times. (Past tense) 2. Tenzin had played table tennis for numerous times. (Past participle) Activity 1 Answer the following questions. 1. List down the following: a. Present and past form of “verb to be” b. Present and past form of “verb to do” c. Present and past form of “verb to have” 5 English – Class 9-10 KEY STAGE – IV Self-Instructional Material Activity 2 Complete the table given below by writing down the Present Simple, Past Simple and Past Participle form of the verbs and then constructing a sentence of your own in perfect tense. An example has been provided for you. Sl. No Root Present Past Past Sentence in word/Base simple simple Participle perfect tense verb 1 grow grow/grows grew grown Dorji had grown rice in his field mostly last year. 2 finish 3 sleep 4 fight 5 cut 6 begin 7 do 8 drink Now that you are familiar with different forms of verbs, it is time to learn how various tenses are formed. In this lesson, you will be learning only about Present tense and its four other aspects such as “simple, continuous, perfect
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bhutan Glacier Inventory 2018
    BHUTAN GLACIER INVENTORY 2018 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF BHUTAN ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF BHUTAN www.nchm.gov.bt 2019 ISBN: 978-99980-862-2-7 BHUTAN GLACIER INVENTORY 2018 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY & METEOROLOGY ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF BHUTAN 2019 Prepared by: Cryosphere Services Division, NCHM Published by: National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology Royal Government of Bhutan PO Box: 2017 Thimphu, Bhutan ISBN#:978-99980-862-2-7 © National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology Printed @ United Printing Press, Thimphu Foreword Bhutan is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. Bhutan is already facing the impacts of climate change such as extreme weather and changing rainfall patterns. The Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) recognizes the devastating impacts climate change can cause to the country’s natural resources, livelihood of the people and the economy. Bhutan is committed to addressing these challenges in the 12th Five Year Plan (2018-2023) through various commitments, mitigation and adaption plans and actions on climate change at the international, national, regional levels. Bhutan has also pledged to stay permanently carbon neutral at the Conference of Parties (COP) Summit on climate change in Copenhagen. Accurate, reliable and timely hydro-meteorological information underpins the understanding of weather and climate change. The National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology (NCHM) is the national focal agency responsible for studying, understanding and generating information and providing services on weather, climate, water, water resources and the cryosphere. The service provision of early warning information is one of the core mandates of NCHM that helps the nation to protect lives and properties from the impacts of climate change.
    [Show full text]
  • Gross National Happiness Commission the Royal Government of Bhutan
    STRATEGIC PROGRAMME FOR CLIMATE RESILIENCE (SPCR) UNDER THE PILOT PROGRAMME FOR CLIMATE RESILIENCE (PPCR) Climate-Resilient & Low-Carbon Sustainable Development Toward Maximizing the Royal Government of Bhutan’s Gross National Happiness GROSS NATIONAL HAPPINESS COMMISSION THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF BHUTAN FOREWORD The Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) recognizes the devastating impact that climate change is having on Bhutan’s economy and our vulnerable communities and biosphere, and we are committed to address these challenges and opportunities through the 12th Five Year Plan (2018-2023). In this context, during the 2009 Conference of the Parties 15 (COP 15) in Copenhagen, RGoB pledged to remain a carbon-neutral country, and has successfully done so. This was reaffirmed at the COP 21 in Paris in 2015. Despite being a negative-emission Least Developed Country (LDC), Bhutan continues to restrain its socioeconomic development to maintain more than 71% of its geographical area under forest cover,1 and currently more than 50% of the total land area is formally under protected areas2, biological corridors and natural reserves. In fact, our constitutional mandate declares that at least 60% of Bhutan’s total land areas shall remain under forest cover at all times. This Strategic Program for Climate Resilience (SPCR) represents a solid framework to build the climate- resilience of vulnerable sectors of the economy and at-risk communities across the country responding to the priorities of NDC. It also offers an integrated story line on Bhutan’s national
    [Show full text]
  • Initial Environmental Examination: Bhutan, Wind Power Pilot Project
    Environmental Assessment Report Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 42252 August 2010 BHU: Rural Renewable Energy Development Project Prepared by the Department of Energy, Government of Bhutan for the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. INITIAL ENVIRONMENTAL EXAMINATION FOR WIND POWER PILOT PROJECT IN BHUTAN Table of Contents ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................. vi 0.0 Executive Summary - Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)...................................... ii 0.1 Need for the Project ....................................................................................................... ii 0.2 Basic Objective .............................................................................................................. ii 0.3 Location of the Project ................................................................................................... ii 0.4 Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)......................................................................... ii 0.5 Category of Project ........................................................................................................ ii 0.6 Project Brief Details ......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • TA-6598 BHU: Renewable Energy for Climate Resilience
    Climate Risk and Adaptation Assessment TA-6598 BHU: Renewable Energy for Climate Resilience REPORT 222 CLIENT Asian Development Bank AUTHORS Dr Corjan Nolet Dr Arthur Lutz DATE April 2021 1 TA-6598 BHU: Renewable Energy for Climate Resilience Climate Risk and Adaptation Assessment FutureWater Report 222 Client Asian Development Bank Authors Dr Corjan Nolet – Remote Sensing and GIS expert ([email protected]) Dr Arthur Lutz – Senior Hydrologist & Climate Change Expert ([email protected]) Date April 2021 ADDRESS FutureWater B.V. Costerweg 1V 6702 AA Wageningen The Netherlands TELEPHONE +31 317 460 050 WEBSITE www.futurewater.eu 2 WEBSITE Executive Summary Bhutan's power sector almost exclusively relies on hydropower generation. Hydropower, however, is vulnerable to climate change and natural disasters caused by climate change. The first deployment of non-hydro renewables at utility scale in Bhutan will be the first step to diversify the power generation portfolio, increase the resilience against severe weather events such as droughts, and complement the hydropower generation profile during the dry season. Other renewable energy resources such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind can complement hydropower in forming a more diversified electricity generation portfolio, which is, in healthy mix, resilient to changes in seasonal weather patterns and weather extremes that can adversely affect power supply. For this project ADB develops 2 solar and one wind plant. The objectives of this Climate Risk and Adaptation assessment (CRA) are two-fold: 1) Validate the underlying rationale for diversification of Bhutan’s energy generation portfolio. The rationale is that more unreliable flows under climate change adversely affect the hydropower generation, in particular in the low flow season outside the monsoon season.
    [Show full text]
  • Mr. Samdrup Dorji, DSLR
    NATIONAL LAND COMMISSION BHUTAN “ Reducing Disaster Risks for a safe and Happy Bhutan” Samdrup Dorji, Survey Engineer Cadastral Information Division National Land Commission, BHUTAN Presentation Outline • Introduction • Hazards in Bhutan • Adaptation Measures • Major functions of Disaster Management Department. • Challenges • Conclusions Introduction Bhutan is a tiny Himalayan Kingdom with population of over 700,000 approximately. It covers about 340 km of the entire Himalaya. Geographic Location • It is situated in the eastern Himalayas between latitudes 26º40’ to 28º20’ N and longitudes 88º45’ to 92º7’ E. • Bordered by the Tibetan Plateau in the north and the Indian States of Sikkim in the west, West Bengal, and Assam in the south, and Arunachal Pradesh in the east Physical Features • Total land area = 38,394 sq. km. • The rugged mountainous terrain has elevation ranging from 150 m to 8000 m above sea level. • 20.5 % of the ttltotal ldland is 4000 meters above MSL and mostlycovered bysnow and ice throughout the year. • 3.3 % of the total land is covered by the glaciers. Tibetan Plateau Economy • Hydropower is the main economy in Bhutan • The hydropower projects are Chukha, Kurichu, Basachu, Tala Hydroelectricity, Punatsangchu I and II, Mangdechu, Chamkharchu, Kholongchu, Kuri – Gongri and Amochu • While some of the projects are already generating power, the others are under construction stage. • Bhutan has a vision to generate 10,000MW by 2020. Climate • Climate in Bhutan is dominated by a southwestern monsoon, which originates from
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report (July 2018 to June 2019)
    Annual Report (July 2018 to June 2019) NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF BHUTAN 2019 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 1 2 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Annual Report (July 2018 to June 2019) NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF BHUTAN 2019 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 3 4 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 5 Acronyms: 11 FYP Eleventh Five Year Plan 12 FYP Twelfth Five Year Plan AWLS Automatic Water Level Station AWS Automatic Weather Station DDM Department of Disaster Management DGM Department of Geology and Mines DGPC Druk Green Power Corporation DHMS Department of Hydro-met Services DIT Department of Information Technology DoLG Department of Local Governance EWS Early Warning System FWS Flood Warning Section GEF Global Environment Facility GLOF Glacier Lake Outburst Flood GoI Government of India HQ Head Quarter ICT Information Communication Technology JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency IFAS Integrated Flood Analysis System LDCF Least Developed Country Funding MD Meteorology Division MHPA Mangdechhu Hydropower Project Authority MoHCA Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs NEC National Environment Commission NWFWC National Weather Flood and Warning Centre OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer PCRD Planning, Coordination and Research Division PHPA-I Punatsangchhu Hydropower Project Authority- I PHPA-II Punatsangchhu Hydropower Project Authority- II RIMES Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System R&D Research and Development RCSC Royal Civil Service Commission RGoB Royal Government of Bhutan SOP Standard Operating Procedure UNDP United Nation Development Programmed WMO World Meteorological Organization NCHM National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology HSDRRP Hydro met Services and Disaster Resilience Regional Project WB World Bank WRF Weather Research and Forecast.
    [Show full text]
  • An Ethnography of Pre-Buddhist Bon Religious Practices in Central Bhutan
    Contested past, challenging future: an ethnography of pre-Buddhist Bon religious practices in central Bhutan Kelzang (Tingdzin) Tashi March 2020 A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The School of Archaeology and Anthropology The Australian National University © Copyright by Kelzang (Tingdzin) Tashi 2020 All Rights Reserved Declaration This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university. Except where due reference is made in the text, this work is the result of research carried out by the author. ——————————————— Kelzang (Tingdzin) Tashi March 2020 iii Acknowledgements This dissertation would not have come to fruition without the support and generosity of a number of people, who helped me at different stages of working on this four-year doctoral project. It is first and foremost to the people of Goleng that I owe a deep and lasting debt of gratitude for their kindness and hospitality during the period of 12-month fieldwork. They treated me as if I was one of their family members and tolerated my intrusion into their annual rites and everyday rituals which often took place in the face of difficult and serious situations. My sincere thanks to the village headman Ugyen Penjore who introduced me to Tsultrim Wangmo and her brilliant son Sangay Dorji. She was the first Golengpa to welcome me to her house and subsequently became my generous host, while her son helped me as a long-term research assistant before resuming his post-secondary studies. Thanks are also due to Dechen Wangdi, Kinzang Wangchuck, Jambay Tshering, Ugyen Dema, Jambay Kelzang, Tshering Dorji, Kinley Wangdi, Kinley Yangzom, Kinely Namgyal, Dorji, Nima Tshering, and Kunley for their contributions to this project.
    [Show full text]
  • PPCR/SC.21/4 November 9, 2017 Meeting of the PPCR Sub-Committee Washington D.C
    PPCR/SC.21/4 November 9, 2017 Meeting of the PPCR Sub-Committee Washington D.C. Tuesday, December 12 – Wednesday, December 13, 2017 Agenda Item 4 PPCR STRATEGIC PROGRAM FOR CLIMATE RESILIENCE FOR BHUTAN PROPOSED DECISION The PPCR Sub-Committee, having reviewed the document PPCR/SC.21/4, Strategic Program for Climate Resilience (SPCR) for Bhutan [endorses] the SPCR. The Sub-Committee encourages the Government of Bhutan and the MDBs to actively seek resources from other bilateral or multilateral sources to fund further development and implementation of the projects foreseen in the strategic plan. Gross National Happiness Commission GNHC/DCD /WB-SPCR/ �� 4 Date: November 9, 2017 Ms. Mafalda Duarte Program Manager Climate Investment Funds Administrative Unit 1818 H Street NW Washington, D.C. 20433 Suh: Submission of Bhutan's Strategic Program for Climate Resilience (SPCR). Dear Madam, The Royal Government of Bhutan (R.GoB) is pleased to submit Bhutan's SPCR formulated through broad­ based and inclusive consultations. Bhutan's SPCR is prepared in recognition of the devastatingi mpact that climate change is having on Bhutan's economy and vulnerable communities despite Bhutan being a carbon negativeLeast Developed Country. The R.GoB has continued to demonstrate itscommitment to combat climate change by voluntarily pledging to remain carbon neutral in the 2009 COP 15 in Copenhagen. To meet this obligation, Bhutan continues to restrain its socioeconomic development by maintaining 70% of its geographical area under forest cover, and 50% of the total land area under protected areas. In fact, the Constitution of the Kingdom of Bhutan mandatesthe State to maintain at-least 60% of Bhutan's total land area under forest cover at all times.
    [Show full text]
  • Glaciers of Asia— GLACIERS of BHUTAN—An Overview
    Glaciers of Asia— GLACIERS OF BHUTAN—An Overview By Shuji Iwata SATELLITE IMAGE ATLAS OF GLACIERS OF THE WORLD Edited by RICHARD S. WILLIAMS, JR., and JANE G. FERRIGNO U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 1386–F–7 CONTENTS Introduction ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------321 Glacier Distribution and Types of Glaciers -------------------------------------------------322 Figure 1. Map showing river basins and glacier distribution of the Bhutan Himalaya --------------------------------------------------------------------323 Table 1. Total number, area, volume, and average thickness of each glacier type in Bhutan --------------------------------------------------------------323 Figure 2. Photograph showing small debris-free plateau glacier with glacial lakes at the Gangrinchemzoe La in 1998 ----------------------------------------324 Figure 3. Graph showing distribution of the lowest elevations of debris-free glaciers and debris-mantled glaciers in the Bhutan Himalaya ------------325 Glacier Equilibrium Line Altitude (ELA) and Climate ----------------------------------325 Figure 4. Diagram showing variation of annual precipitation along the Himalaya -------------------------------------------------------------------------326 Glacier Variations ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------327 Figure 5. Diagram showing horizontal distance of glacier-front retreat in the Bhutan Himalaya compared with latitude between 1963 and 1993 -----------------------------------------------------------------------327
    [Show full text]
  • SPCR Working Draft – Annexes List of Annexes 1. CIF Project Preparation
    SPCR Working Draft – Annexes List of Annexes 1. CIF Project Preparation Grant 2. Phase I Preparatory Technical Project Descriptions 3. List of Stakeholders Consulted (2017) & Various Meeting Minutes 4. SPCR Stakeholder Consultation List & Meeting Schedule (Month of July) 5. List of Stakeholders Consulted (Scoping Mission 26-30 October 2015) 6. Milestones For SPCR Consultative Process 7. Feedback From Consultative Stakeholder Meetings 8. Chronological List of Climate Adaptation Investments 9. Stocktaking of Past & Current Climate-Related Investments And Activities 10. Impressions On Happiness Index 11. Inventory of Climate Adaptation Programs & Activities 12. SPCR Phase II Investment Components 13. List of Key Reference Documents For Inception Report & SPCR Formulation 14. Bhutanese Adaptation/Green Bond Market: Preliminary Concept 15. References For Stocktaking (Chapter 2) 16. Climate Financing Entities 17. Description of Large Bhutanese CSOs 18. Description of Private Sector Players 19. Aide Memoire for Scoping & Joint Missions 20. Development Partner Mandate/Roles, Risk Management Gaps, and SPCR Involvement 21. SPCR Alignment/Synergies With Tajikistan SPCR Annex 1: CIF Project Preparation Grant Project Components Project Cost ( US$, Grant Financing Percentage millions ) (US$, millions ) Financing A. Development of SPCR 1.15 1.15 100 B. Capacity Building, Consultations, 0.35 0.35 100 Institutional Coordination, and Project Management Total Baseline costs 1.5 1.5 100 Physical contingencies - - - Price contingencies - - - Total Project
    [Show full text]
  • A Road Map for Bhutan Public Disclosure Authorized
    Modernizing Public Disclosure Authorized Weather, Water, and Climate Services: A Road Map for Bhutan Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Prepared in Collaboration between the Royal Government of Bhutan and the World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Modernizing Weather, Water and Climate Services: A Road Map for Bhutan Prepared in Collaboration between the Royal Government of Bhutan and the World Bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433, USA May 2015 Disclaimer This report is a product of the staff of the World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2422; e-mail: pubrights@ worldbank.org. Design: Miki Fernández | ULTRA Designs, Inc. Table of Contents Acknowledgements vii Acronyms ix Executive Summary 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 9 Objective 12 Approach and Methodology
    [Show full text]
  • Formation of Glacial Lakes in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas and GLOF Risk Assessment
    Formation of Glacial Lakes in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas and GLOF Risk Assessment Formation of Glacial Lakes in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas and GLOF Risk Assessment THE WORLD BANK 1 Formation of Glacial Lakes in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas and GLOF Risk Assessment Jack D. Ives Rajendra B. Shrestha Pradeep K. Mool International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Kathmandu, May 2010 Formation of Glacial Lakes in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas and GLOF Risk Assessment Foreword Director General International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development Glaciers are believed to have persisted in the Hindu Kush-Himalayas since the last Ice Age (which ended about 10,000 years ago). At present, world glacial ice cover is most widely distributed in Antarctica and Greenland. Nevertheless, the Hindu Kush-Himalayan region is one of the most heavily glacierized areas in the world outside the polar regions. Glacier ice covers approximately 33,000 square kilometres in the Himalayan range alone. Thus, explorers, mountaineers, scientists, researchers, developers, and planners, have been attracted to the area for the last 200 years. The extensive permanent ice and snow cover forms the headwater supply of some of the world’s largest rivers. This in turn is vital for the provision of life- supporting water and hydroelectricity for almost one-third of the world’s population, living in the lower river basins beyond the mountains. However, the combination of extremely high mountains, high seismic activity, and steep slopes is also responsible for a wide range of natural hazards, including landslides, flash floods, avalanches, and glacial lake outburst floods. It has been widely recognised that global climate change is causing the shrinkage or retreat of glaciers throughout the world.
    [Show full text]