Annual Report (July 2018 to June 2019)

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF BHUTAN 2019

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 1 2 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Annual Report (July 2018 to June 2019)

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY ROYAL GOVERNMENT OF BHUTAN 2019

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 3 4 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 5 Acronyms: 11 FYP Eleventh Five Year Plan 12 FYP Twelfth Five Year Plan AWLS Automatic Water Level Station AWS Automatic Weather Station DDM Department of Disaster Management DGM Department of Geology and Mines DGPC Druk Green Power Corporation DHMS Department of Hydro-met Services DIT Department of Information Technology DoLG Department of Local Governance EWS Early Warning System FWS Flood Warning Section GEF Global Environment Facility GLOF Glacier Lake Outburst Flood GoI Government of India HQ Head Quarter ICT Information Communication Technology JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency IFAS Integrated Flood Analysis System LDCF Least Developed Country Funding MD Meteorology Division MHPA Mangdechhu Hydropower Project Authority MoHCA Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs NEC National Environment Commission NWFWC National Weather Flood and Warning Centre OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer PCRD Planning, Coordination and Research Division PHPA-I Punatsangchhu Hydropower Project Authority- I PHPA-II Punatsangchhu Hydropower Project Authority- II RIMES Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System R&D Research and Development RCSC Royal Civil Service Commission RGoB Royal Government of Bhutan SOP Standard Operating Procedure UNDP United Nation Development Programmed WMO World Meteorological Organization NCHM National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology HSDRRP Hydro met Services and Disaster Resilience Regional Project WB World Bank WRF Weather Research and Forecast.

6 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 1 of 2019 75

Contents

Table of Contents 1. OORGANIZATIONRGANIZATION 3 3 2. GOVERNING BOARD 4 2. GOVERNING BOARD 4 3. VISION, MISSION AND CORE VALUES 5 3.4. MVISION,ANDATES MISSION AND CORE VALUES 6 5 4.5. OMANDATESRGANIZATION STRUCTURE AND STAFFING 7 6 6. CENTER’S 12 FYP (2018-2023) 11 5.7. AORGANIZATIONNNUAL PERFORMANCE STRUCTURE TARGET AND (APT) STAFFING FOR 2018 -2019 FY 11 7 6.8. SCENTER’SUMMARY 12OF FYP FINANCIAL (2018-2023) STATEMENT 17 11 9. HIGHLIGHTS OF CLIMATE STATUS IN BHUTAN FOR THE YEAR 2018 18 7. ANNUAL PERFORMANCE TARGET (APT) FOR 2018-2019 FY 11 10. HIGHLIGHTS OF HYDROLOGY AND RIVER FLOW IN BHUTAN FOR THE YEAR 2018 20 8.11. ESUMMARYND-TO-END OF O PERATIONALFINANCIAL STATEMENT NATIONAL F RAMEWORK FOR CLIMATE SERVICES 21 17

9.12. HHIGHLIGHTSYDROLOGY AND OF CLIMATEWATER R ESSTATUSOURCES IN S BHUTANERVICES FOR THE YEAR 2018 26 18 13. NATIONAL HYDRO-MET OBSERVATION NETWORK 31 10.14. HIGHLIGHTSCRYOSPHERE OFMONITORING HYDROLOGY AND AND SERVICES RIVER FLOW IN BHUTAN FOR THE YEAR 2018 35 20 11.15. END-TO-ENDPUBLICATIONS OPERATIONAL AND REPORTS NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR CLIMATE SERVICES 39 21 16. EXTREME EVENTS WARNING AND ADVISORIES 39 12. HYDROLOGY AND WATER RESOURCES SERVICES 26 17. ONGOING PROJECTS 40 13.18. NATIONALTECHNICAL HYDRO-MET BACKSTOPPING OBSERVATION SERVICES TO NETWORK LINE AGENCIES 42 31 19. INSTITUTIONAL LINKAGES AND COLLABORATION 44 14. CRYOSPHERE MONITORING AND SERVICES 35 20. GOVERNING BOARD MEETING 47 15.21. PUBLICATIONSBILATERAL MEETING AND REPORTS 48 39

16.22. EXTREMEREGIONAL EVENTS AND INTERNATIONAL WARNING AND MEETING ADVISORIES 50 39 23. IMPORTANT EVENTS 55 17.24. ONGOINGHUMAN RESOURCES PROJECTS D EVELOPMENT 62 40 18.25. TECHNICALWELLBEING OFBACKSTOPPING CENTRE STAFF SERVICES TO LINE AGENCIES 71 42 26. CHALLENGES AND ISSUES 72 19. INSTITUTIONAL LINKAGES AND COLLABORATION 44

20. GOVERNING BOARD MEETING 47 21. BILATERAL MEETING 48 22. REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL MEETING 50 23. IMPORTANT EVENTS 55 24. HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT 62 25. WELLBEING OF CENTRE STAFF 71 26. CHALLENGES AND ISSUES 72

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NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 1 1. Organization

The National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology (NCHM) is a scientific and technical autonomous agency of the Royal Government created in 2016, in line with the Organizational Development Exercise (ODE) carried out by the RCSC. Accordingly, during 92nd Lhyengye Zhungtsog meeting held on 11 December 2015 accorded the formation of Centre after reorganizing the Department of Hydro-met Services (DHMS) under Ministry of Economic Affairs (MoEA). The main reasons for the reorganization was to streamline the agency’s mandates and functions to avoid duplication amongst various other agencies. The mandates and staff of Glaciology Division from the Department of Geology and Mines (DGM), MoEA were transferred to the Center and the division was renamed as the Cryosphere Services Division (CSD). Similarly, the mandate and staff of the Aviation Meteorological Section from the Department of Air Transport (DoAT), Ministry of Information and Communication (MoIC) were transferred to the Center. Bhutan Civil Aviation Authority (BCAA) designated NCHM as the Aeronautical Meteorological Service Provider (AMSP) within Bhutan. The Center was created to improve the efficiency and effectiveness in providing information and services of hydrology, meteorology, cryosphere and climate science that is required by various sectors and the public.

Figure 1: Institutional Development of Hydro-met Services in Bhutan

2 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019

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1. Organization1. Organization

The NationalThe National Center Center for Hydrology for Hydrology and andMeteorology Meteorology (NCHM) (NCHM) is isa ascientific scientific and and technical autonomous agency of the Royal Government created in 2016, in line with the technical autonomous agency of the Royal Government created in 2016, in line with the Organizational Development Exercise (ODE) carried out by the RCSC. Accordingly, Organizational Developmentnd Exercise (ODE) carried out by the RCSC. Accordingly, duringnd 92 Lhyengye Zhungtsog meeting held on 11 December 2015 accorded the during formation92 Lhyengye of Centre Zhungtsog after reorganizing meeting theheld Departmen on 11 Decembert of Hydro -met2015 Services accorded (DHMS) the formationunder of MiniCentrestry after of Economic reorganizing Affairs the (MoEA). Departmen Thet ofmain Hydro reasons-met for Services the reorganization (DHMS) under Miniwas stryto streamline of Economic the agency’sAffairs (MoEA).mandates Theand functionsmain reasons to avoid for theduplication reorganization amongst was to variousstreamline other the agencies. agency’s The mandates mandates and and functions staff of to Glaciology avoid duplication Division amongstfrom the variousDepartment other agencies. of Geology The and mandates Mines (DGM), and staff MoEA of were Glaciology transferred Division to the Center from and the the Departmentdivision of Geologywas renamed and asMines the Cryosphere (DGM), MoEA Services were Division trans ferred(CSD). to Similarly, the Center the and mandate the divisionand was staff renamed of the asAviation the Cryosphere Meteorological Services Section Division from (CSD).the Department Similarly, of theAir mandateTransport and staff(DoAT), of the MinistryAviation ofMeteorological Information and Section Communication from the Department(MoIC) were of tra Airnsferred Transport to the (DoAT),Center. Ministry Bhutan of CivilInformation Aviation and Au thorityCommunication (BCAA) designated (MoIC) NCHMwere tra asnsferred the Aeronautical to the Center. MeteorologicalBhutan Civil AviationService ProviderAuthority (AMSP) (BCAA) with designatedin Bhutan NCHM. The Center as the wasAeronautical created to Meteorologicalimprove theService efficiency Provider and (AMSP)effectiveness with inin Bhutanproviding. The information Center wasand createdservices toof hydrology, meteorology, cryosphere and climate science that is required by various improve the efficiency and effectiveness in providing information and services of sectors and the public. hydrology, meteorology, cryosphere and climate science that is required by various sectors and the public.

Figure 1: Institutional Development of Hydro-met Services in Bhutan

Page 3 of 75 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 3

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Figure 2: Restructuring of Department of Hydro-met Services (DHMS),MOEA to National Centre for Hydrology and Meteorology (NCHM)

2. Governing Board A Governing Board (GB) governs the Center with its members nominated from relevant sectors approved by the Cabinet. 1. Secretary, National Environment Commission Secretariat (NEC)- Chairman 2. Director General, Department of Disaster Management (DDM), Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs (MoHCA)- Member 3. Director, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MoAF)- Member 4. Director, Department of Public Health (DoPH), Ministry of Health (MoH)- Member 5. Director, Department of Huma Settlement (DHS), Ministry of Works and Human Settlement (MoWHS)- Member

6. Director, Department of Hydropower and Power Systems (DHPS), Ministry of Economic Affairs (MoEA)- Member 7. Director, National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology (NCHM) - Member Secretary

Page 4 of 75 4 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 3.3. 3. Vision,Vision,Vision, Mission Mission Mission and and and Core Core Core Values ValuesValues

3.13.1 3.1 Vision,Vision,Vision, Mission Mission Mission and and and Mandates Mandates Mandates

Vision VisionVision Center of Excellence in Hydrology, Meteorology and Cryosphere Science and Services CenterCenter of of Excellence Excellence in Hydrology,in Hydrology, Meteorology Meteorology and Cryosphereand Cryosphere Science Science and Services and Services

MissionMission Mission

Monitoring Monitoring and and understanding understanding of hydrology, of hydrology, weather, weather, climate climate and and cryosphere, cryosphere, for fortimely timely provision Monitoringprovision of information andof information understanding and and services services of hydrology, to protect to protect livesweather, lives and and property climate property and and supportcryosphere, support national national for timely provision of information and services to protect lives and property and support national needsneeds for ecologicallyfor ecologically balanced balanced sustainable sustainable development development. . needs for ecologically balanced sustainable development.

3.2 3.2 CoreCore Values Values 3.2 Core Values

I I ntegrityntegrity I ntegrity

Commitment and Commitment and MutualMutual respect, respect, cultural cultural loyalty in delivery of sensitivity and non- loyalty in delivery of CORECORE sensitivity and non- Commitmentproducts and servicesand Mutualdiscrimination. respect, cultural products and services VALUESVALUES discrimination. MutualMutual respect, respect, loyalty in delivery of CORE sensitivity and non- culturalcultural sensitivity sensitivity and and products and services VALUES discrimination. Mutual respect, nonnon-discrimination-discrimination cultural sensitivity and

non-discrimination ProfessionalismProfessionalism in support in support of of science, research, objectivity, science, research, objectivity, impartiality, and excellence; impartiality,Professionalism and excellence; in support of science, research, objectivity,

impartiality, and excellence;

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NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 5

3.3 Goals 7

f o 3.3 Goals

NCHM goals are to:

NCHM goals are to: ag e

a) Improve result-based decision support service for weather incidents and events P a) thatImprove threaten result lives-based and decisionlivelihoods; support service for weather incidents and events that threaten lives and livelihoods; b) Enhance climate services to understand and adapt to climate-related risks; b) Enhance climate services to understand and adapt to climate-related risks; c) Develop capacity to provide integrated and coupled monitoring, detection and c) forecastDevelop services capacity to to support provide assessment integrated andand coupledmanagement monitoring, of water detection resources and and hydroforecast-meteorological services to support hazards; assessment and management of water resources and hydro-meteorological hazards; d) Build competence to provide sector-relevant information for socio-economic d) Build competence to provide sector-relevant information for socio-economic development, and support the development of integrated environmental services development, and support the development of integrated environmental services toto foster foster healthy healthy communitiescommunities and and ecosystems; ecosystems; e)e) SustainSustain highlyhighly skilled professionalprofessional workforce workforce equipp equipped edwith with training, training, tools tools and and infrastructureinfrastructure toto fulfilfulfil thethe mission.mission.

4.4. MandatesMandates

MANDATES MANDATES ProvideProvide scientific scientific andand technological services services in in hydrology, hydrology, water water resources, resources, meteorology, meteorology, climatology, climatology, and and cryospherecryosphere to ensureensure the the safety safety and and socio socio-economic-economic well well-being-being of society of society andand to support national national and and international international needs. needs. . . The detail mandates are as listed below: The detail mandates are as listed below: a. Planning and operation of national hydrological (surface and subsurface) and a. Planningmeteorological and operation (surface of andnational upper hydrological air) observation (surface networkand subsurface) and its and meteorologicalcommunications systems(surface required and forupper monitoring air) andobservation data collection; network and its b. communicationsStudy and monitor systems cryosphere required (snow, for monitoringglaciers, glacier and lakes,data collection; permafrost) and its b. Studyassociated and monitorrisks to implement cryosphere appropriate (snow, glacier mitigations, glacier and adaptation lakes, permafrost) measures; and its c. associatedStudy and risks provide to implement public appropriateweather services, mitigation severe and adaptation weather measures;warnings, c. Studymeteorological and provide data management,public weather aviation services, meteorological severe weatherservices, warnings,agro- meteorologicalmeteorology and dataclimate management, change information aviation and services;meteorological services, agro-

d. meteorologyStudy and andcarryout climate water change resources information assessment, and services; hydrological forecasting, M d. Studyhydrological and carryoutdata management, water resources dissemination assessment, of hydrologicalhydrological dataforecasting, and NC H

hydrologicalinformation anddata provide management, early warning dissemination services related toof floodhydrological and GLOF; data and o re

e. u informationAssessment andand providemapping early of hydro warning-meteorological services relat anded GLOF to flood hazards and GLOF;at the sub - t c u

basin and basin level; r e. Assessment and mapping of hydro-meteorological and GLOF hazards at the sub- t f. Capacity and human resources development through training and education; S

basin and basin level; on i t

g. Application of science and technology in operational meteorology, hydrology and a f. Capacity and human resources development through training and education; z cryosphere for development of services and products;

g. Application of science and technology in operational meteorology, hydrology and gan i h. Promote collaboration and institutional linkages with national, regional and r O cryosphere for development of services and products; international organizations related to weather, climate, hydrology, cryosphere, and ve d

h. Promote collaboration and institutional linkages with national, regional and o water resources for exchange of data, research and technology transfer. international organizations related to weather, climate, hydrology, cryosphere, and pp r A

Organization Structure and Staffing Organization :

water resources for exchange of data, research and technology transfer. 3 Page 6 of 75

gu re i

5. is given below. Approved organization structure of National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology F Page 6 of 75 5.1

6 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019

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Organization Structure and Staffing Organization : pp r 3 A

Organization Structure and Staffing Organization : 3 gu re i

5. is given below. Approved organization structure of National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology F 5.1 gu re i

5. is given below. Approved organization structure of National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology F 5.1

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 7 5.2 Staffing The center has an existing staff of 178 out of the total 214 approved staff strength by the RCSC (June 2018). Currently 5 staffs are on EOL. Table 1: Staff Strength and distribution 5.2 Staffing Approved Division/Secretariat by Existing Gap Remarks The center has an existing staff of 178 out of the total 214 approved staffRCSC strength by the RCSC (June 2018). Currently 5 staffs are on EOL. Including 8 Drivers (1 1. Secretariat 11 9 2 Driver on Contact) Table 1: Staff Strength and distribution 2. Cryosphere Services Division 8 8 0 5.2 Staffing Approved(CSD) 5.2 Staffing 5.2 Staffing3. W eather and Climate Services Division/SecretariatThe center has an existing5.2 staffStaffing of 178 by out of theExisting total 214 approved Gap staff strength32 Remarks by the31 1 Division (WCSD) RCSC (June 2018).The CurrentlyThe center center has5 staffsRCSC an has existing are an on existing EOL.staff of 178 staff out of of 178the total out 214 of theapproved total staff 214 strength approved by the staff strength by the 5.2The centerStaffing4 has. H an yd rexistingology a ndstaff W ofat e178r R eoutsou ofrce thes total 214 approved staff strength by the RCSCRCSCRCSC (June (June (June 2018). 2018). 2018). CurrentlyCurrently Currently 55 staffsstaffs are are 5 on onstaffs EOL. EOL. are on1 6EOL. 15 1 Table 1: SStaffervice Strengths Division and (H WdistributionRSD) Including 8 Drivers (1 1. Secretariat The center has an11 existing staff of9 178 out of the2 total 214 approved staff strength by the ApprovedTable 1:1:Table StaffStaff Strength Strength 1: Staff and and Strength distribution distributionDriv eand r on distribution Contact) Excluded TMO and RCSC (June5 .2018). Hydro Currently-met Oper 5ati staffson and are on EOL. 11 ESP on Contract Division/Secretariat by ExistingApprovedApproved Gap Approved139Remarks 11 6 23 Infrastructure Division (HOID) with FWS (GoI 2. Cryosphere Services Division Division/SecretariatDivision/SecretariatDivision/SecretariatRCSCTable 1: Staff Strengthbyby andExistingExisting distributionby GapGap Existing Remarks RemarksGap Remarks 8 8 RCSC 0 Program) (CSD) ApprovedRCSC RCSCIncluding 8 Drivers (1 1. Secretariat Total 11 9 2 206 179 27 Division/Secretariat by ExistingDriver on GapCont acInct)l uding Remarks8 Drivers (1 3. Weather and Climate Services 1. Secreta!riat 11 9 2 Including 8 Drivers (1I ncluding 8 Drivers (1 1. 1S.ec Sreectarrieat aria32t 31 RCSC11 1 911 2 9Dri ver on Contac2t) Division (WC2S. DC)r yosphere Services Division Driver on Contact) Driver on Contact) In terms of 8position category,8 the0 Center has 2 officials under the Executive and (CSD) 2. Cryosphere Services Division Including 8 Drivers (1 4. Hydrology and Water Resource12. 2sSC. ec ryoCresrtphayoriSpecialist,easrteph Serrveice Sse 38Drvivi ceunderisions D iPv ilevel,sion 138811 under SS8 9 and S level,0 2 16 under O level and 17 under in 3. Weather and Climate S(CeSrvDice) s 16 15 8 1 88 0 8 Driver on C0on tact) Services Division (HWRSD) 3.( CWS(eaDC)tSh eDr a)nd Climate Se32rv ices 31 1 Division (WCSD) other category. Since the Center32 maintains31 more than1 250 national hydro-meteorological 23. CWDreayoivtsihspheionr ear (ndeW S CerSlivDmice)a tse D Sievrivsiiceons 4. Hydrology and Wat3er. RWesouearstationtcehes r and networks Climat ecovering Service thes 32whole8 of Bhutan,E318x clud theed 01maximumT MO and staff (more than 65%) are 4.(D CHivSydiDsir)ono logy (W aCndSD W) ater R1e6s ources 15 1 32 31 1 Services Division (HWRDSiDvi) sion (WCSD) 16 15 1 5. Hydro-met Operation and 34. WHSydeaerrtvohilceeogyrunder sa Dnd aivnd Cis liiWonthema a(tt HeeSupportrW SReRerSsvouDice)r sce ands Supervisory category11 EfollowedSP on C byon tProfessionalract and Management 4. Hydrology139 and Water R11es6ou rces321 6 23 Ex311c5l uded TM1O and Infrastructure Division (HOID) DSeivrvisiceionslevel D(WivCis Si(18%).onD) (HW RSD) w1it6 h FWS (GExo1cI5l ud ed TMO and1 5. Hydro-met Operation andSe rvices Division (HWRSD) 11 ESP on Contract 4.5 .H Hydydrorology-me ta Ondp eWraatitoner aR139ndes ou rces 116 23 11 EESPxc lonud eCdon TtMracOt and Infrastructure Division (HOID) 13916 11wP61it 5rhog FWraSm23 (G) o1I Excluded TMO and 5. SHeIydnrvfriaoces-tmsr uDectti uvOrieps ieDonriav ti(isonHionW a ndR(HOS DI)D ) with11 F WESPS ( GonoI C ontract 5. Hydro-met Operation and 139 P11rog6r am) 23 11 ESP on Contract Total Infrastructure 206Divis ion (HOID) 179 27 139 P11rogEw6rxita cmhl ud)F WedS T (MG23oOI and Infrastructure Division (HOID) with FWS (GoI Total 5.Total Hyd ro-met Operation a206nd 179 206 27 179 27 11Prog ESPram on) Contract ! 139 116 23 ! Total! Inf rastructure Division (HOID) 206 179 27 w ith FWS (GoI Program) In terms of positionIn terms category,of position! InTotal category,termsthe Centerof positionthe Centerhas category, 2has officials 2the officials Center under underhas 2 theofficialsthe 206 ExecutiveExecutive under theand179 ExecutivePandrog r am) and27 Specialist, 38 underSpecialist, P level, 38 under 138InTotal Specialist, P! terms level,under of138 38 SSposition under and PSS Slevel,category, andlevel, 138S level, under16the 16under CenterSS under and206 O Shas O level, level 2 officials16 179and andunder 17 17 underOunder level 27under in theand Executive17in under in and other category. otherSince category. the Center Since!Specialist,otherIn themaintains terms category.Center 38 undermaintainsof Since moreposition P thelevel, morethanCenter 138 category, than250 maintainsunder 250 national SS national moreandthe S than hydroCenterlevel, 250 -16meteorological -nationalmeteorological underhas hydro2O levelofficials- meteorological and 17 underunder inthe Executive and station networks coveringotherInstation Specialist,terms category. thenetworks of whole position 38Since covering of under Bhutan, thecategory, Center the P wholethelevel, maintainsthemaximum of 138Center Bhutan, undermore staffhas the than(more maximum2SS officials 250 and than national staff S 65%) underlevel, (more arehydro the 16than -Executivemeteorological under 65%) are O andlevel and 17 under in station networksunder covering the Support the Specialist,stationandwholeunderother Supervisory networksthe category.of 38Support Bhutan, under coveringcategory and P Since level, Supervisorythe thefollowed 138maximumthe whole underCenter category byof SSBhutan,Professional andstaffmaintains followed S the level,(more maximum andby 16 moreProfessional Management thanunder staffthan 65%)O level (more and250 areManagementand thannational 17 65%) under arehydro in -meteorological level (18%). under the Supportlevel and (18%). Supervisory otherunderstation category.the category Supportnetworks Since and followed the coveringSupervisory Center bymaintains the categoryProfessional whole more followed of than Bhutan, and250 by Professionalnational Management the maximumhydro and-meteorological Management staff (more than 65%) are stationlevel (18%). networks covering the whole of Bhutan, the maximum staff (more than 65%) are level (18%). under the Support and Supervisory category followed by Professional and Management under the Support and Supervisory category followed by Professional and Management level (18%). level (18%).

! Figure 4; Distribution of Staff by Position Category

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! Figure 4; Distribution of Staff by Position Category ! Figure 4; Distribution of Staff by Position Category ! Page 8 of 75 Figure 4; Distribution of Staff by Position Category ! Page 8 of 75 ! Figure 4; Distribution of Staff by Position Category Figure 4; Distribution of Staff by Position CategoPragy e 8 of 75 8 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 8 of 75 ! Page 8 of 75

Figure 4; D istribution of Staff by Position Category

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Table 2: Staff distribution by Position category TPositionable 2: Sta Categoryff distribution by Position categoNo.ry of Staff Remarks Position Category No. of Staff Remarks 1. Executive and Specialist 2 Director (EX) and Specialist (ES) 1. Executive and Specialist 2 Director (EX) and Specialist (ES) 2. Professional and 38 P level 2. ProfessionalManagement and 38 P level Management 3. Support and Supervisory 139 SS and S level 3. SupportT abandle 2 Supervisory: Staff distribution by Position ca139tegor y SS and S level Position Category No. of Staff Remarks 4. Operational 10 O level (Drivers) 4. Operational 10 O level (Drivers) 1. Executive and Specialist 2 Director (EX) and Specialist (ES) 5. ESP/GSP/Contract 17 5. ESP/GSP/Contract2. Professional and 17 38 P level Management Total Total 206206 3. Support and Supervisory 139 SS and S level

4. Operational 10 O level (Drivers) 5.2.1 Staff Superannuated 5.2.1 Staff 5. Superannuated ESP/GSP/Contract 17

AfterAfter serving serving more more than than 30 30 years, years, Total the the following following206 staffs staffs were were superannuated superannuated during during the FY the FY 20182018-2019.-2019. 5.2.1 Staff Superannuated Sl. No Name Designation/Division Appointment Superannuated date Sl. No NameAfter serving more thanDesignation/Division 30 years, the following staffs wereAppointment superannuated duringSuperannuated the FY date 2018-2019. DateDate

11 MMr. rL. .L B. BP aPnatnhath a HydHrydo-rmoe-mt Teect Thnecichniainc i-a IIIn -, III, 12/212/198/2/2198 2 10/0710/201/078/ 2018 Sl. No Name HOID Designation/Division Appointment Superannuated date HOID Date Mr. Dhendpu Principal Engineer, HOID 29/1/1986 01/09/2018 22 M1 r. DhendpuMr. L . B Pantha PrinciHpaydl rEong-mient eeTecr,hn HOiciaInD - III, 2912//12//19826 10/0701/201/098/201 8 TTshsehreinrign g HOID M2r . Tenzin MDro. rDjih endpu Hydro-mPerti nTcecipahnl Eicngiainee- Ir,, HOID 01/1229/198/1/1980 6 1/0301/09201/2019 8 3 Mr. Tenzin Dorji Hydro-met Technician- I, 01/12/1980 1/03/2019 3 Tshering HOID HOID 3 Mr. Tenzin Dorji Hydro-met Technician- I, 01/12/1980 1/03/2019 4 Mr. Dhanapati GSP, HOHOIDI D 01/01/1989 01/01/2019 4 DMhungyer. Dhal n apati GSP, HOID 01/01/1989 01/01/2019 D4 hungyelM r. Dhanapati GSP, HOID 01/01/1989 01/01/2019 5 Mr. UB CheDtthungyeri l GSP, HOID 12/05/1986 1/03/2019 Mr. UB Chettri GSP, HOID 12/05/1986 1/03/2019 5 5 Mr. UB Chettri GSP, HOID 12/05/1986 1/03/2019

After serving the nation for nearly four decades (39 years), After serving the nation for nearly four decades (39 years), Mr.After servingTenzin theWangdi, nation forSr. nearly Hydro four- metdecades technician (39 years), Mr. Tenzinth Wangdi, Sr. Hydro-met technician superannuatedMr. Tenzin on 25Wangdi, March th 2019.Sr. HydroHe served-met in varioustechnician superannuated thon 25 March 2019. He served in various capacitiessuperannuated capacitiesin the on fieldin25 the Marchof field hydrological of2019. hydrological He dataserved datacollection, in collection, various sediment data analysis and mini-micro hydel feasibility sedimentcapacities data in analysisthe field and of minihydrological-microst hydel data feasibility collection, studies.sediment He studies. joineddata Heanalysis the joined service theand onservice 1minist December, on-micro 1 December, hydel 1980. 1980. feasibility st studies. He! joined the service on 1 December, 1980. ! Figure 5: Mr. Tenzin receiving Lifetime Service Award from Director, ! Figure 5: MrNC. THenMz in receiving Lifetime Service Award from Director, NCFiguHMre 5: M r. Tenzin receiving Lifetime Service Award from Director, NCHM

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Page 9 of 75 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 9 5.2.2 New Staff Joined After the successful selection thorough the RCSC in 2018, the RCSC deputed three new civil engineers (Ms. Yeshi Choki, Ms. Sonam Choki and Mr. Thinley Wangchuk) based on the vacancy of the Center. Ugyen, Dy. Engineer was redeployed by RCSC to the 6. Center’s 12 FYP (2018-2023) Center from the Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs from 20 January 2019. th 5.2.2 New Staff Joined The Center’s 12 Five Year Plan (2018-2023) has two programs that are directly linked Director,After NCHM the successful and Division selection Chiefsthorough formallythe RCSC inwelcomed 2018, the RCSCfour deputedengineers three and new briefed to NRKA 6 and NKRA 8 indirectly to all the NKRAs and SDG as weather and climate civil engineers (Ms. Yeshi Choki, Ms. Sonam Choki and Mr. Thinley Wangchuk) based and water resources contributes or impacts all the Sectors. about theon NCthe HMvacancy and of roles the Center.for civil Ugyen, servant Dy. onEngineer 22 January was redeployed 2019 afternoon. by RCSC toNCHM the will organizeCenter induction from the courseMinistry forof Home the andnew Cultural engineers Affairs frombefore 20 Januarystarting 2019. their works with respectiveDirector, divisions. NCHM Also, and Division13 redeployed Chiefs formally technicians welcomed from four Ministry engineers of Educationand briefed joined 5.2.2about Newthe NC StaffHM Joined and roles for civil servant on 22 January 2019 afternoon. NCHM will NCHM.organize induction course for the new engineers before starting their works with After the successful selection thorough the RCSC in 2018, the RCSC deputed three new respective divisions. Also, 13 redeployed technicians from Ministry of Education joined civil engineers (Ms. Yeshi Choki, Ms. Sonam Choki and Mr. Thinley Wangchuk) based NCHM. on the vacancy of the Center. Ugyen, Dy. Engineer was redeployed by RCSC to the Center from the Ministry of Home and Cultural Affairs from 20 January 2019. Director, NCHM and Division Chiefs formally welcomed four engineers and briefed about the NCHM and roles for civil servant on 22 January 2019 afternoon. NCHM will organize induction course for the new engineers before starting their works with respective divisions. Also, 13 redeployed technicians from Ministry of Education joined NCHM.

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 7: NCHM 12 FYP SKRAS linkage with NARKS and other global goals

Figure 6 :Four new Engineers joined the Center from January 2019 7. Annual Performance Target (APT) for 2018-2019 FY

The Annual Performance Target (APT) for NCHM is approved and signed during the last Governing Board (GB) meeting. The planned activities under the APT for 2018-2019 for NCHM are tabled below with achievements. The Center had four Objectives, seven Actions and twelve Success Indicator. Figure 6 :Four new Engineers joined the Center from January 2019 Figure 6 :Four new Engineers joined the Center from January 2019 a. Hydro-meteorological and cryosphere disasters assessed & reduced,

b. Access to hydro logical information and understanding of national water availability improved,

c. End-to-end operational National Framework for Climate Services (NFCS) and

d. Provide effective and efficient admin, direction and related common support services.

Page 11 of 75 Page 10 of 75 10 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019

Page 10 of 75

6. 6. Center’sCenter’s 12 FYP 12 FYP(2018 (2018-2023)-2023) th th The 6.Center’sThe6. Center’sCenter’sCenter’s 12 Five12 12 12 FiveYearFYP FYP YearPlan(2018 (2018 Plan(2018-2023)-2023) (2018-2023) -2023) has two has programstwo programs that arethat directly are directly linked linked th to NRKATheto6.The NRKA Center’s Center’s 6 andCenter’s 6 NKRA 12and 12th FiveNKRA 12 Five 8 FYPindirectlyYear Year 8 (2018indirectlyPlan Plan (2018to-2023) (2018all to -the2023) all- 2023)NKRAs the has NKRAs hastwo and twoprograms SDG and programs SDG as that weather as arethat weather directly are and directly climate and linked climate linked th and towaterandtoThe NRKA NRKA waterCenter’s resources 6 6resourcesand and 12 NKRA contributes NKRA Five contributes 8 Year indirectly8 indirectly or Plan impacts or to(2018 impacts allto alltheall-2023) the theNKRAs all Sectors.NKRAs thehas Sectors.andtwo andSDG programs SDG as weather as that weather are and directly climate and climate linked andandto NRKA water water resources 6resources and NKRA contributes contributes 8 indirectly or impactsor impacts to all all the theall NKRAs theSectors. Sectors. and SDG as weather and climate and water resources contributes or impacts all the Sectors.

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 7: NCHM 12 FYP SKRAS linkage with NARKS and other global goals FigureFigure SEQ Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC \* ARABIC 7: NCHM 7: NCHM 12 FYP 12 SKRAS FYP SKRAS linkage linkage with NARKS with NARKS and other and globalother global goals goals Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 7: NCHM 12 FYP SKRAS linkage with NARKS and other global goals

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 7: NCHM 12 FYP SKRAS linkage with NARKS and other global goals 7. Annual Performance Target (APT) for 2018-2019 FY 7. 7. AnnualAnnual Performance Performance Target Target (APT) (APT) for 2018 for 2018-2019-2019 FY FY

7. Annual Performance Target (APT) for 2018-2019 FY The 7. AnnualAnnual Performance Performance Target (APT)Target for (APT) NCHM for is 2018 approved-2019 and FY signed during the last The GoverningAnnual The Annual Performance Board Performance (GB) Target meeting. Target (APT) The (APT) planfor NCHMned for activitiesNCHM is approved isunder approved the and APT signed and for signed 2018during -during2019 the forlast the last GoverningNCHMTheGoverning Annual Boardare Boardtabled Performance(GB) (GB)below meeting. meeting. with Target The achievements. plan(APT)The nedplan for activitiesned NCHM The activities Center underis approved under hadthe APTfour the and APTforObjectives, signed 2018 for 2018-during2019 seven-2019 for the lastfor NCHMActionsGoverningNCHMThe are Annual and tabledare twelveBoard Performancetabled below Success(GB) below with meeting. TargetIndicator. withachievements. (APT)achievements.The plan forned TheNCHM activities TheCenter is Centerapproved underhad fourhad the and fourAPTObjectives, signed Objectives,for 2018during seven-2019 the seven lastfor ActionsNCHMActionsGoverning and twelve andare Board twelvetabled Success (GB) Successbelow Indicator.meeting. with Indicator. achievements.The plan ned activities The Center under had the fourAPT Objectives,for 2018-2019 seven for ActionsNCHMa. Hydro andare -twelvetabledmeteorological Successbelow withand Indicator. cryosphere achievements. disasters The assessed Center & had reduced, four Objectives, seven b. Access to hydro logical information and understanding of national water a.Actions Hydroa. Hydro and-meteorological twelve-meteorological Success and Indicator. cryosphere and cryosphere disasters disasters assessed assessed & reduced, & reduced, b. Accessa.b. availabilityHydroAccess to - meteorologicalhydroto improved, hydro logical logical andinformation cryosphereinformation and disasters andunderstanding understandingassessed &of reduced, nationalof national water water availabilityc.b.a. EndAccessHydroavailability-to-end -improved, meteorologicalto operational improved,hydro logical National and cryosphereinformation Framework disasters forand Climate understandingassessed Services & reduced, (NFCS) of national and water c. Endd.c.b. Provide-toavailabilityEndAccess-end-to -operational effectiveendto operationalimproved,hydro and Nationallogical efficient National Frameworkinformation admin, Framework direction for and Climate for understandingand Climate Servicesrelated Services common (NFCS) of (NFCS)national supportand and water d. Providec.d. services.EndProvideavailability -effectiveto- end effective operationalimproved, and efficientand Nationalefficient admin, Frameworkadmin, direction direction for and Climate relatedand relatedServices common common (NFCS) support andsupport services.d.c. Provideservices.End -to-end effective operational and Nationalefficient Frameworkadmin, direction for Climate and relatedServices common (NFCS) andsupport d. services.Provide effective and efficient admin, direction and related common support services.

Page 11 of 75

Page Page11 of 1175 of 75 Page 11 of 75 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 1111 of 75

7.1 APT Score of the center for last three years

Sl No. Financial Year APT Score

1 2016-2017 97.8%

2 2017-2018 99.45%

3 2018-2019 100%

7.1 APT Score of the center for last three years

Sl No. Financial Year APT Score

7.1 APT Score of the center for last three years1 2016-2017 97.8%

2 2017-2018 99.45%

Sl No. Financial Year 3 2018APT-2019 Score 100%

1 2016-2017 97.8%

2 2017-2018 99.45%

3 2018-2019 100%

7.1 APT Score of the center for last three years

Sl No. Financial Year APT Score

1 2016-2017 97.8%

2 2017-2018 99.45%

3Figure 8: Signing of NCHM2018 APT-2019 with Chairman of GB during the 3rd Governing100% Board Meeting rd Figure 8: Signing of NCHM APT with Chairman of GB during the 3 Governing Board Meeting

rd Figure 8: Signing of NCHM APT with Chairman of GBFigure during 8: Signing the of3 NCHMrd Governing APT with Chairman Board of GB Meeting during the 3 Governing Board Meeting

Page 12 of 75 12 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019

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of 13 Page graded and and graded /7)

Achievements (June 2019) d and shared with relevant agencies, Dasho Dzongda and agencies, relevant with shared d and

2. Maintenance of 56AWS, of A, 30 AWLS, Maintenance 16 Class 2. 37 GLOF 25 Manual Hydro, EWS+Siren completed. AWS, completed GLOF AWLS, for station, Manual Stations parts spare of Procurement 3. AWOS operation. up and installed Airport International Paro at Wind profiler 4. operational AWOS existing of to operational and installed sensors visibility and ceilometer Integrated 5. the airports AWOS completed. of works Ad maintenance 6. hoc 3 airports completed. stations snow of monitoring maintenance Annual 7. 1. Construction of toilet, kitchen, damaged boundary, retention wall and fencing at Wang at due fencing and wall retention damaged boundary, kitchen, toilet, of Construction 1. Room completed Control days) (365 disseminated and prepared forecast weather Daily 1. issue prepared, reports Weather 2. (NWFWC) Cemter Warning Flood and Weather Room National the of Forecasting Weather 3. on shift, 24/7 for Operational GTS,4. Himawasricast and WRF system and maintained 24 operated Common Platform the using Operating issued and prepared advisories weather Extreme 5. (SMARTMET) DDMO 20 Dzongkhags of

7 6 2018) (June Planned

Unit Number Number

Table 3: APT of NCHM for FY 2018 - 2019 with achievements as of June 2019 Success Indicator Hydro and met Flood/GLOF network warning enhanced. Weather forecast on advisories and extreme weather issued events

met - Action Critical Hydro infrastructures &Network enhanced and Reliable timely issuance of severe weather forecasts, warnings, advisories. -

Objective Hydro1. meteorological and cryosphere disasters assessed & reduced

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 13

Page

La) completed and report submitted. report and completed La)

Basin and report prepare. prepare. Basin and report - of the study area area study the of

basin.

Basin and Haachhu Sub and Basin - dynamic modelling modelling dynamic

feasibility studies for installation of GLOF/Flood EWS carried out and completed for the the for completed and out GLOF/Flood of EWS carried installation for studies feasibility - Flood Advisories and Outlook issued during severe events apart from water level status shared to to shared status level water from apart events severe during issued Outlook and Advisories Flood stakeholders relevant 3. Dagachhu Sub - 3. 2. Amochhu 2. Basin and completed and out carried Pa Chhu basin sub in lakes Glacial of Monitoring Time Series 1. submitted. report submitted. report and completed (Thana) Benchmark glaciers of monitoring Annual 2. 1. Pre Thimchu Sub basins: following for operational and calibrated up, Model set Forecasting Flood Wangchu 1. Basin website networking, of terms in divisions technical to provided common services Effective NWFWC work for related effective budget for the Administered support. ICT and related update, 3. Annual monitoring of Benchmark glaciers (Gangju Benchmark glaciers of monitoring Annual 3. submitted. report and completed on Thana glacier survey) (IPR survey thickness ice Glacier 4. 2. Flood Hazard Assessment of the Amochhu Basin (Toorsa Area) completed with following following with completed Area) Amochhu (Toorsa the of Basin Assessment Hazard Flood 2. outputs: area the of survey field Hydrological a. Hydro - b. area the of mapping Hazard Flood c.

4 3 100 Flood Flood model model forecasting forecasting Operational

Number Number Status of Work Percent

issued. Assessment and of monitoring and cryosphere hazards associated conducted. Assessment of hydrological conducted. hazard forecast, Flood GLOF/Flood warning/advisories services

Assessment and of monitoring cryosphere and associated hazards conducted. Assessment and of monitoring cryosphere and associated hazards conducted.

14 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 75 of Met - 15

Page

40 days continued. 40 days

smaintain and kept operation (GTS, Himawari Satellite System, WRF, SMART low Status 2019 published low Status delivery of scientific services and products. products. and services scientific of delivery All system 2019 for Book published data Hydrological Surface Annual 1. Data stations, monitoring collection, observation, Data transmission to HQ within and Data Acquisition Server) for timely delivery of services. of delivery timely for Server) Acquisition Data and 2. River F

days status & Flow of annual annual of within 40 within Data book Data Publication

Status of Work Days

ICTEffective and support related provided services hydro deliver to and metservices products flow Mean annual river main of generated basins and Monitoring Transmission of to data met hydro HQ

met - of main main of

river basins basins river generated Mean annual flow Enhance the dissemination of reliable hydro information services

Access2. to hydro logical information and understanding national of water availability improved

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 15

75 of 16 Page

monitoring (annual) monitoring 2. Daily Aviation Meteorological observations, services and products (METAR/SPECI) products and provided services observations, Meteorological Aviation Daily 2. completed airports at stations observation meteorological of Upgradation 3. completed airports all at equipment met aviation of maintenance and Operation 1. successfully Forum (NCOF) Outlook organised Climate National 1. disseminated and issued 2019) outlook (summer prediction Seasonal 2. disseminated and issued 2018) outlook (winter prediction Seasonal 3. 4. Climate end to end enhance to delivered efficiently ICT and services finance Common administration, framework services of national climate for operation 5. Historical climate information and data provided to users to provided data and information climate Historical 5. 6. Weather and climate information updated on the NCHM on the updated website information climate and Weather 6. issued and prepared Bhutan for projection Climate 7. issued. (Monthly) monitoring Climate 8.

3 8 100

Number Number Percent

- and and

Aviation met provided services Climate services issued Effective ICT support related provided services hydro deliver to and metservices products

and Enhance dissemination of reliable weather & climate information services end end -

to - 3. End operational operational National Framework for Climate Services (NFCS)

16 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 8. Summary of Financial Statement 8.18. BudgetSummary Appropriation of Financial PastStatement 5 years 8. Summary of Financial Statement 8.1 Budget Appropriation Past 5 years The8.1 followingBudget table Appropriation shows the Past total 5 budgetyears allocation (RGoB + Donors) of the erstwhile The following table shows the total budget allocation (RGoB + Donors) of the erstwhile DHMS,The following MoEA table for showsthe FY the 2013 total- 2014,budget 2014allocation-2015, (RGoB 2015 +-2016 Donors) and of then the erstwhileto the Center DHMS,fromDHMS, 2016 MoEAMoEA-2017, for 20 the-the17 -FY2018.FY 20132013 The-2014,-2014, Center 2014 2014 was-2015,-2015, formally 2015 2015-2016 delinked-2016 and thenand from thento thethe to MoEACenter the Center from fromFebruary,from 2016 2016 2017.--2017,2017, 20--1717--2018.2018. The The Center Center was was formally formally delinked delinked from from the MoEA the MoEA from from February,February, 2017. 2017. Table 4: NCHM Financial Summary (Nu. in million) TSabTl.ab lNel e4o :4 :NC NCHHMM FFiinanc iiaall SuSummmmaaryr y(Nu. (Nu. in inmillion) million)DHMS (MoEA) NCHM Sl.S l.N Noo DHDMHSM (MS o(MEAo)E A) NCHMNC HM Funding 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018 Fundiinngg 2012013-3201-2014 4 2012014-2014-2015 5 2015201-20156- 2016201 6-20176 -2012017 7-2012018 7-2018 1 RGoB 43.0 56.56 54.53 55.0 76.87 1 1 RRGGooBB 4343.0 .0 56.5566 .56 54.5354 .53 55.0 55.0 76.87 76.87 2 Donors (GOI, 47.3 68.01 183.82 250.6 117.93 2 Donors (GOI, 47.3 68.01 183.82 250.6 117.93 2 Donors (GOI, 47.3 68.01 183.82 250.6 117.93 WWoorrlldd Bank,, IWICCoIIMrMldODOD Ba, nkPH, PPAA, , MIMCHIHMPPAODA et,c P.. HPA, MHPA etc. Totall 9090.3 .3 124124.57 .57 238.32384 .34 305.6 305.6 194.80 194.80 Total 90.3 124.57 238.34 305.6 194.80 SouSourcerce: NCH: NCHM FMinan Finance/Acecc/ounAcctouns ts Source: NCHM Finance/Accounts ! ! ! 8.28.2 FinancialFinancial Summary for for the the FY FY 2018 2018-2019-2019 8.2The financialFinancial summary Summary for the forFY the2018 FY-2019 2018 (Nu.-2019 in million) The financial summary for the FY 2018-2019 (Nu. in million) The Sfinanciall. No summary for the FY 2018-2019 (Nu. in million) Remarks Sl. No Remarks Sl. No Fund ing 2018-201 9 Remarks Funding 2018-2019 1 RGoB Funding 2018-201899.72 6 1 RGoB 89.726 2 Donors (GOI, World Bank 80.785 1 RGoB 89.726 2 Dandono otrhse (rsGO) I, World Bank 80.785 2 aDndono otrhs e(rsGO) TIo, tWalo rld Bank 170.51801 .785 and others) TotaSoul rce 2: NCHM Finance/Accounts 170.511 Total 170.511 Source 2: NCHM Finance/Accounts Source 2: NCHM Finance/Accounts

Page 17 of 75

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 1717 of 75 Page 17 of 75

9. Highlights of Climate Status in Bhutan for the year 2018

Annual Rainfall The annual average rainfall (area average) was 1649.9 mm in 2018. The country as a whole received near-normal rainfall with most of the regions receiving rainfall slightly below the average. The highest 24-hour rainfall was recorded at Phuentsholing with 270 mm. Gasa experienced the highest number of rainy days with 209 days (with rainfall greater than or equal to 1mm). However, the highest annual rainfall was recorded at Phuentsholing followed by Sipsoo, Bhur and Deothang. Maximum and Minimum Temperature The annual average maximum temperature was 22.8 and the annual average minimum temperature was 11.5 . The highest temperature was recorded at Tangmachu with 40 ℃ and the lowest was recorded at Haa with -12.5 . Haa experienced a greater number of ℃ ℃ days with the minimum temperature below zero compared to other regions with 107 days. ℃ Monsoon 2018 Bhutan experiences monsoon from June to September. It is one of the predominant seasons of the year that influences much of the climate in Bhutan. In 2018, the country as a whole received near-normal rainfall, however, during months of July and August, most of the stations received slightly below-normal rainfall.

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 9: Comparison of monsoon (JJAS) observed rainfall of 2018 with long term average (1996-2017)

Snow fall 2018 Bhutan received several snowfalls which was a light snow/rain over the country. Most of this weather events occurred in the higher altitude regions of the country. First snowfall of 2018 winter was on 18 December, 2018. The snowfall occurred due to the peripheral effect from the cyclonic storm named “PHETHAI” developed over the Bay of Bengal. Following this event, western, central and northern parts of the country received light

18 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 18 2019 of 75

snowfall in the first two months of the year, 2019. This event occurred due to western disturbances. The following table shows records of snowfall in the country. snowfall in the first twosnowfall months in the of first the two year, months 2019. of theThis year, event 2019. occurred This event due occurred to western due to western disturbances. disturbances.Date Location Quantity The following table showsThe followingrecords tableof snowfall shows records in the of country.snowfallThimphu in the country. 2.00 cm (Depth) Date Date Location LocationQuantity Paro Quantity 1.27cm (Depth) 18 Dec, 2018Thimphu Thimphu2.00 Haa cm (Depth) 2.00 cm (Depth)12.00 cm (Depth) Paro Paro1.27cm Gasa (Depth) 1.27cm (Depth)12.90 cm (Depth) 18 Dec, 2018 Haa 12.00 cm (Depth) 18 Dec, 2018 Haa 12.00Bumthang cm (Depth) 6.80 cm (Depth) Gasa 12.90 cm (Depth) Gasa 12.90Haa cm (Depth) 0.20 mm (SWE Rainfall) Bumthang Bumthang6.80 cm (Depth)6.80 cm (Depth) Gasa 4.00 cm (Depth) 9 Jan, 2019 Haa Haa0.20 mm (SWE0.20 Rainfall)mm (SWE Rainfall) Bumthang 0.20 mm (Depth) Gasa 4.00 cm (Depth) 9 Jan, 2019 Gasa 4.00 cm (Depth) 9 Jan, 2019 8 Feb, 2019 Haa 3.70 cm (Depth) Bumthang Bumthang0.20 mm (Depth)0.20 mm (Depth) 9 Feb, 2019 Haa 2.80 cm (Depth) 8 Feb, 2019 8 Feb, 2019 Haa Haa3.70 cm (Depth)3.70 cm (Depth) 9 Feb, 2019 25 9Feb, Feb, 2019 Haa Haa2.80 Gasa cm (Depth)2.80 cm (Depth)11.20 mm (SWE Rainfall) 25 Feb, 2019 26 25Feb, Feb, 2019 2019Gasa Gasa11.20 Gasa mm (SWE11.20 mm Rainfall) (SWE10.00 Rainfall) mm ( SWE Rainfall) 26 Feb, 2019 27 26Feb, Feb, 2019 2019Gasa Gasa10.00 Gasa mm ( SWE10.00 mm Rainfall) ( SWE10.40 Rainfall) mm ( SWE Rainfall) 27 Feb, 2019 28 27Feb, Feb, 2019 2019Gasa Gasa10.40 Gasa mm ( 10.40SWE mm Rainfall) ( SWE1.50 Rainfall) mm (SWE Rainfall) 28 Feb, 2019T able 5:Sno28w Feb,fall R2019ecoGasa rd du ring 2018-2019Gasa1.50 FY mm (SWE1.50 mmRainfall) (SWE Rainfall) Table 5:Snowfall Record during 2018-2019 FY Table 5:Snowfall Reco rd during 2018-2019 FY

Figure SEQ Figure \* ARABIC 10: News Coverage of first Snowfall 2018 Figure SEQ Figure \*F iARABgure I CSE 10Q: FNieguwsre C \o*ve ARABrage oIfC fi 10rst :Sno Newfsa llC 201ove8rage of first Snowfall 2018

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 1919P oagf 7e 519 of 75 Page 19 of 75

10. Highlights of Hydrology and River flow in Bhutan for the Year 2018 10. 10.1Highlights River of FlowHydrology Status and of Bhutan River flow in Bhutan for the Year 2018 The10.1 annual averageRiver flow Flow of Status 25 years of Bhutan (1992 to 2017) is compared to the average flow of The2018 10.annual for theHighlights average five hydrological flow of Hydrology of 25 stations years and (1992 Riverof different flowto 2017) in river Bhutan is basins.compared for the Each Year to thestation 2018 average is located flow ofin 2018different for10.1 basinsthe five but hydrologicalRiver does Flow not Statusserves stations ofas Bhutan theof differentrepresentative river basins.flow of theEach whol statione basin. is located in The annual average flow of 25 years (1992 to 2017) is compared to the average flow of Tabledifferent2018 6: River basinsfor theFlow fivebut Status doeshydrological not serves stations as the of differentrepresentative river basins. flow ofEach the station whol eis basin. located in TableSl. different 6: River basinsFlow Status but does not serves as theBasin/Sub representative flowAverage of the Flowwhole basin.Average Flow Station Name 3 NoSl. Table 6: River Flow Status Basin/SubBasin (tillAverage 2017) Flow m3/s Average2018 in mFlow/s Station Name Average Flow 3 No Sl. Basin/SubBasin (till 2017) m3/s Average2018 Flow in m /s 1 LungtenphuStation on Wangchhu Name Wangchhu 22.26 16.623 No Basin (till 2017) m3/s 2018 in m /s 1 WangdueRapidLungtenphu on Wangchhuon Wangchhu 22.26 16.62 2 1 Lungtenphu on Wangchhu PunatsangchhuWangchhu 22.26292.62 16.62304.90 WangdueRapidPunatsangchhu on 2 WangdueRapid on Punatsangchhu 292.62 304.90 2Punatsangchhu Punatsangchhu 292.62 304.90 4 KurjeyPunatsangchhu on Chamkharchhu Manas 52.75 50.89

54 4MuktirapKurjey Kurjey on on onChamkharchhu KholongchhuChamkharchhu Manas 52.7563.9252.75 50.8962.1850.89 5 5Muktirap Muktirap on onKholongchhu Kholongchhu Manas 63.9263.92 62.1862.18 The annual average flow of TheThePunatsangchhu annualannual average foraverage theflow year flowof 2018of PunatsangchhuPunatsangchhushows slightly for above forthe theyear mean year2018 annual 2018 showsshowsaverage slightly slightly of above25 above yearsthe meanthe (1992mean annual -annual2017), average of 25 years (1992-2017), averagewhile inof general25 years Wangchhu (1992-2017), and while in general Wangchhu and Manas basin annual flow found to be Manaswhile basin in annualgeneral flow Wangchhu found to be and belowManasbelow the thebasin mean mean annual annual annual flow average averagefound for to forbe thebelowthe same same period.the period. mean annual average for

FigureFigurethe same 11: 11: Monthly period. Monthly Flow Flow Comparison Comparison of of KurjeyKurjey Station Station Figure 11: Monthly Flow Comparison of

Kurjey Station

10.2 GLOF from Thorthomri Lake on 20 June 2019 10.2 GLOF from Thorthomri Lake on 20 June 2019

10.2On the 20thGLOF June 2019, from there Thorthomri was a sudden Lake unusual on 20 riseJune of 2019water level followed by a

On thesharp 20th drop June in the 2019, water therelevel atwas Subsidiary a sudden lake unusual II of Thorthormi rise of water glacial level lake infollowed Lunana. by a Onsharp theThe drop 20thrise in in Junethe water water2019, level level there was at was detectedSubsidiary a sudden by thelake unusual remote II of Thorthormi waterrise of level water sensorsglacial level lakeinstalled followed in Lunana. at by a sharpThe subsidiaryrise drop in in water thelake water IIlevel of Thorthormilevel was atdetected Subsidiary lake atby 6.55 lakethe PM remoteII ofon Thorthormi20th water June level 2019. glacial sensors The lake excessive installedin Lunana. at melting of glaciers due to increased temperature was one of causal factors for breaching Thesubsidiary rise in lake water II oflevel Thorthormi was detected lake atby 6.55 the PMremote on 20thwater Junelevel 2019.sensors The installed excessive at meltingof ofthe glaciers subsidiary due lake to increasedII and drained temperature out water was causing one of thecausal flood. factors Based for on breaching the subsidiaryemergency lake meeting II of Thorthormiat DDM on thelake evening at 6.55 of PM21st onJune 20th 2019 Junechaired 2019. by the The Cabinet excessive of the subsidiary lake II and drained out water causing the flood. Based on the meltingSecretary of glaciers and attended due to by increased the Secretary temperature of the Ministry was ofone Home of causal and Cultural factors Affairs for breaching and ofemergency Dashothe subsidiary Zimpon, meeting His lakeat Majesty’sDDM II and on Secretariat,thedrained evening outNCHM ofwater 21st deputed causingJune assessment2019 the chaired flood. team by Basedto thelunana Cabineton the eSecretarymergencyfrom 23and meetingrd attendedto 27th at JunebyDDM the 2019. Secretaryon theA rapidevening of theAssessment ofMinistry 21st JuneReport of Home 2019 of Throthomiandchaired Cultural by lake theAffairs was Cabinet and SecretaryDashosubmitted Zimpon, and the attended GovernmentHis Majesty’s by the July Secretary Secretariat,2019. of the NCHM Ministry deputed of Home assessment and Cultural team Affairs to lunana and Dashofrom 23 Zimpon,rd to 27th His JuneMajesty’s 2019. Secretariat, A rapid AssessmentNCHM deputed Report assessment of Throthomi team tolake lunana was fromsubmitted 23rd the to Government27th June 2019.July 2019. A rapid Assessment Report of Throthomi lake was submitted the Government July 2019. Page 20 of 75

Page 20 of 75 20 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 20 2019 of 75

HighlightsHighlights of of FY FY 20182018-2019-2019 AccomplishmentsAccomplishments

11. End-to-end Operational National Framework for Climate Services (NFCS)

Weather and Climate Services Division of the Center is responsible to study and provide public weather services, severe weather warnings, meteorological data management, aviation meteorology, agro-meteorology and climate change information and services.

11.1 Weather Forecast Updates

The Weather Forecasting Room (WFC) under the National Weather and Flood Warning Center (NWFWC), Thimphu operates 24/7 and monitor weather conditions. WFC of WCSD of the Center issue daily weather forecast that are shared through Bhutan Broadcasting Service (BBS), Radio and other print media. Based on the severity of weather the Center also issues weather advisories and weather updates from time to time. The 72 hour forecast for the 20 Dzongkhag includes precipitation outlook with maximum and minimum temperature. Social Media such as Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/NationalCenterforHydrologyandMeteorology/) is extensively used by the Center for timely dissemination of information and weather advisories. The Center also provide special weather forecasts based on the user needs and requirements.

Figure 12: Map showing Forecast for all Dzongkhags

11.2 Climate Data and Information Services

The Center maintains the national climate database management system and provide climate data and related information and services. Center carries out climate data processing, quality control, analysis and archival. During the FY 2018-2019, Center completed the quality control of temperature and rainfall data for all Class A meteorological stations and data are provided to users, sectors and individuals on request.

Page 21 of 75

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 21 The Center produces monthly and annual climate monitoring report, and seasonal forecasts. a) National Climate Outlook Forum (NCOF-5) The Fifth National Climate Outlook Forum (NCOF-5) was held on 28th May, 2019 at Paro, Bhutan. This forum was established in 2015 as part of the World Meteorological Organization’s (WMO) Global Framework for Climate Services (GFCS) for guiding the development and application of climate information in decision-making in climate- sensitive sectors. NCOF is one of the main annual program of Center, where seasonal outlook for monsoon are issued to key stakeholders. In order to harmonise scientific seasonal prediction with traditional/indigenous knowledge, the Center also collaborates and work with the Pangri Zampa College of Astrology, Zhung Dratshang (Central Monastic Body), Thimphu

Figure 13: Director, NCHM and Director, DoA (MoAF) with Participants of NCOF-5, Paro

b) Monsoon Outlook 2019 Center released the outlook for 2018 Winter Monsoon (December, January, February) and 2019 Summer Monsoon (June, July, August and September 2019). The outlook were prepared using a statistical model (Climate Predictability Tool) with inputs such as the Global Sea Surface Temperature and Observed Data (Rainfall) of Bhutan. In addition, the outputs from the 14th South Asian Seasonal Climate Outlook Forum (SASCOF-14) for monsoon season 2019 and the seasonal probabilistic multi-model ensemble of WMO Lead Centre for Long Range Forecast were used. The Center predicted that winter rainfall for Bhutan during 2018 would be below normal and the rainfall for Bhutan during 2019 summer monsoon season is likely to be near-normal to slightly above normal.

22 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 22 2019 of 75

Figure 14: Outlook released for Winter Monsoon 2018 and Summer Monsoon 2019 FigureFigure 14:14: OutlookOutlookFigure 14: released Outlook released for Winter for Winter Monsoon Monsoon 2018 2018 and Summerand Summer Monsoon 2019 MonsoonMonsoon 20192019

a) Dissemination of Meteorological Data a) Dissemination of Meteorological Data Thea)a) CenterDisseminationDissemination alsoThe provides Center also ofofmeteorological providesMeteorological meteorological data to GovernmentData data to Government agencies, agencies, the privatethe private sector, sector, academic researchersacademic and researchers students, and corporate students, corporate sector, foreignsector, foreign institute institute and andothers others as asper per the the TheTherequest. CenterCenter alsoalsorequest. providesprovides meteorological data to Government agencies, thethe privateprivate sector,sector, academicacademic researchersresearchers andand students, corporate sector, foreign institute andand othersothers asas perper thethe request.request.

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 23

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11.311.3 Aviation Aviation Meteorological Meteorological Services Services

11.3.111.3.1 National National Aeronautical Aeronautical Meteorological Meteorological Service Service Provider Provider

As perAs perthe theprovision provision of theof the Civil Civil Aviation Aviation Act Act Bhutan, Bhutan, 2016, 2016, thethe BhutanBhutan Civil AviationAviation AuthorityAuthority (BCAA) (BCAA) designated designated NCHM NCHM as as the the NationalNational AeronauticalAeronautical Meteorological ServiceService Provider Provider (AMSP) (AMSP) within within Bhutan Bhutan in in August August 29, 29, 2017.2017. TheThe Center monitorsmonitors all theall theaviation aviation observations observations stations stations in in Paro Paro InternationalInternational AirportAirport and otherother threethree domesticdomestic airports. airports. The The Center Center has has dedicated dedicated staffstaff inin allall airportairport for monitoring ofof aerodromeaerodrome weather weather conditions conditions and and reporting reporting to to ATC ATC for for updatingupdating thethe pilots forfor landinglanding and andtake take-off.- off.

FiguFigurere S E SQEQ F iFguigurere \* \* ARAB ARABIICC 1515:: LoLocation ooff AAiirrpoporrtsts i nin B Bhuhutatnan

11.3.211.3.2 Setting Setting up upof Manualof Manual Met Met Observatory Observatory in in all all Airports Airports

DuringDuring the theFY FY2018 2018-2019,-2019, the the Center Center installed installed the the manual manual aviationaviation met observatory toto enhanceenhance the theweather weather observations observations to toprovide provide reliable reliable weather weather forecastforecast as a backup toto the the automaticautomatic weather weather observing observing station station (AWOS). (AWOS). This This manual manual stationstation measures maximummaximum and andminimum minimum air temperature,air temperature, relativ relative humidity,e humidity, wind wind speed speed and and directiondirection and rainfall.rainfall.

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 24 PPagagee 2 244 o of f7 57 5

Figure 16:Manual Met Observatory at Gelephu (i), Yonphula (ii), Bumthang (iii) and Paro (iv) Airports

11.3.3 Maintenance of AWOS in all Airports

The Center maintain and operate airport weather stations at all aerodromes of the country, Paro International Airport and three domestic airports, to provide the operational meteorological information for safe, regular and efficient air navigation as well as meteorological support to the near-real-time activities of the aviation industry. Annual maintenance of AWOS in all airport was completed including the AWOS damaged by elephants inside the Gelephug Domestic airport, as detailed below:

Table 7:List of Maintenance carried out Date Airport Name Details of maintenance work carried out 8th –10th November, Gelephu Rectification of mast damaged by elephant. 2018 domestic airport 29th – 31st December Bumthang The power fluctuation of the system was 2018 Domestic airport resolved by providing the power the backup. 2nd – 4th January 2019 Gelephu The server was down, new server was set domestic airport up in new computer.

23rd May 2019 Gelephu All the computer was done, new server was domestic airport again set up.

Figure 17:Distorted AWOS at runway 29 of Gelephu (left), AWOS Mast rectified (right)

11.4 Agro-meteorological Services

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 2525 of 75

Figure 16:Manual Met Observatory at Gelephu (i), Yonphula (ii), Bumthang (iii) and Paro (iv) Airports

11.3.3 Maintenance of AWOS in all Airports

23rd May 2019 Gelephu All the computer was done, new server was domestic airport again set up.

Figure 17:Distorted AWOS at runway 29 of Gelephu (left), AWOS Mast rectified (right)

Under 11.4 theAgro World-meteorological Bank supported Services project Hydromet Services and Disaster Resilience RegionalUnder the project World the Bank Center supported closely project worked Hydromet with the DepartmentalServices and DisasterAgriculture Resilience (DoA), RegionalMinistry ofproject Agriculture the Center and Forests closely in worked developing with thethe DecisionDepartmental Support Agriculture System (DSS)Page (DoA), 25 to of 75 Ministryimprove ofAgrometeorological Agriculture and Forests Services in developing in Bhutan. the A Decisionweb based Support online System (http://sesame (DSS) to- bt.rimes.int/login/login_formimprove Agrometeorological) Servicesplatform calledin Bhutan. SESAME A web (Specialized based online Expert (http://sesame System for- bt.rimes.int/login/login_formAgro Meteorological Early Warning)) platform wascalled developed SESAME by (Specialized the RIMES Expert1 to generate System andfor 1 disseminateAgro Meteorological agro-met Earlybulletins Warning) based onwas short developed and medium by the range RIMES weather to generateand climatic and parametersdisseminate were agro -pilotedmet bulletins in Bhutan based (Paro on andshort Sarpang and medium Dzongkhag). range weatherThe DSS and is expectedclimatic toparameters be operation were in piloted the current in Bhutan FY 2019 (Paro-2020. and SarpangThe role Dzongkhag).of NCHM is toThe inp DSSut forecast is expected data intoto be SESAME. operation in the current FY 2019-2020. The role of NCHM is to input forecast data into SESAME.

Figure 18: Participants during SESAME Workshop held at Paro Figure 18: Participants during SESAME Workshop held at Paro

11.5 Historical Climate Analysis and Climate Projection of Bhutan 11.5 Historical Climate Analysis and Climate Projection of Bhutan NCHM implemented Pillar 1: Enhancing Information Base for Hydro met Services and ClimateNCHM implementedResilience under Pillar the 1: Project Enhancing “Strategic Information Program Base for Climatefor Hydro Resilience met Services (SPCR)” and supportedClimate Resilience by World under Bank the and Project implemented “Strategic by Program GNHC. for One Climate of the Resilience important (SPCR)” studies deliveredsupported underby World the project Bank isand “Analysis implemented of Historical by GNHC. climate One and of Climatethe important Projection studies for Bhutan”delivered tunderhat was the officialproject isreleased “Analysis coinciding of Historical with climateWorld Meteorologicaland Climate Projection Day on for23 MarchBhutan” 2019, that by was HE official Sonam Lyonporeleased. coinciding with World Meteorological Day on 23 March 2019, by HE Sonam Lyonpo.

12. Hydrology and Water Resources Services 12. Hydrology and Water Resources Services 12.1 Hydrological Modelling, Mapping and Flood Forecasting Services 12.1 Hydrological Modelling, Mapping and Flood Forecasting Services 1 The Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System for Africa and Asia (RIMES) is an international1 The Regional and Integrated intergovernmental Multi-Hazard institution, Early Warningowned and System managed for Africa by its and Member Asia (RIMES)States, for is thean internationalgeneration and and application intergovernmental of early warning institution, information. owned andIt was managed established by itson Member30 April States,2009, andfor wasthe generationregistered with and theapplication United Nations of early on warning 1 July 2009. information. RIMES is It based was estin ablishedBangkok onlocated 30 April at the 2009, campus and of was the registeredAsian Institute with ofthe Technology United Nations in Pathumthani, on 1 July 2009. Thailand. RIMES is based in Bangkok located at the campus of the Asian Institute of Technology in Pathumthani, Thailand. Page 26 of 75 26 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 26 2019 of 75

Under the World Bank supported project Hydromet Services and Disaster Resilience Regional project the Center closely worked with the Departmental Agriculture (DoA), Ministry of Agriculture and Forests in developing the Decision Support System (DSS) to improve Agrometeorological Services in Bhutan. A web based online (http://sesame- bt.rimes.int/login/login_form) platform called SESAME (Specialized Expert System for Agro Meteorological Early Warning) was developed by the RIMES1 to generate and disseminate agro-met bulletins based on short and medium range weather and climatic parameters were piloted in Bhutan (Paro and Sarpang Dzongkhag). The DSS is expected to be operation in the current FY 2019-2020. The role of NCHM is to input forecast data into SESAME.

Figure 18: Participants during SESAME Workshop held at Paro

11.5 Historical Climate Analysis and Climate Projection of Bhutan

NCHM implemented Pillar 1: Enhancing Information Base for Hydro met Services and Climate Resilience under the Project “Strategic Program for Climate Resilience (SPCR)” supported by World Bank and implemented by GNHC. One of the important studies delivered under the project is “Analysis of Historical climate and Climate Projection for Bhutan” that was official released coinciding with World Meteorological Day on 23 March 2019, by HE Sonam Lyonpo.

12. Hydrology and Water Resources Services

12.1 Hydrological Modelling, Mapping and Flood Forecasting Services 12.1.1 Operation of Hydrological/Flood Forecasting using model in pilot river 12.1.11 Operation of Hydrological/Flood Forecasting using model in pilot river The basins Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System for Africa and Asia (RIMES) is an 12.1.1a)international Recalibrationbasins Operation and intergovernmental of of HBV Hydrological/Flood Model institution, for Flow owned Forecasting Forecasting and managed Model using by itsmodel Member in States,pilot forriver the HBVa)generation Recalibration basinsis aand semi application-distributed of HBV of earlyModel conceptual warning for Flow information. model Forecasting used It was to estModelcalculateablished onriver 30 Aprildischarge 2009, and using was rainfall,a)HBVregistered Recalibration is temperature, witha semi the United-distributed of HBV topography Nations Model conceptualon 1 July&for land 2009.Flow modelUse. RIMES Forecasting A used islicensed based to inModelcalculate HBVBangkok model locatedriver was atdischarge the de campusveloped using of bythe SwedishHBVrainfall,Asian Instituteis temperature,aMeteorological semi of Technology-distributed topography in Pathumthani,and conceptual Hydrological & land Thailand. modelUse. A Instituteused licensed to calculate (SMHI)HBV model riverwidely was discharge deusedveloped in using theby rainfall, temperature, topography & land Use. A licensed HBV model was developed by Scandinavian countries for flood forecasting. Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI) widely used in the Scandinavian countries for flood forecasting. Page 26 of 75

Figure 19:HBV Model Schematic (L) and Model Output (R) Figure 19:HBV Model Schematic (L) and Model Output (R) The same model was used piloted in Bhutan in the Mochhu and Mangdechhu sub-basin duringThe same the modelFY 2016 was-2017. used pilotedFor the inFY Bhutan 2018- 2019,in the HBVMochhu model and wasMangdechhu recalibrated sub on-basin the Figure 19:HBV Model Schematic (L) and Model Output (R) duringMochhu, the MangdechhuFY 2016-2017. and For Chamkharchhu, the FY 2018-2019, Sub -HBVbasin modelusing wasmore recalibrated ground stations on the Mochhu,installedThe same and Mangdechhumodel weight was distribution used and piloted Chamkharchhu, of ineach Bhutan meteorological in Sub the- basinMochhu station using and was Mangdechhumore calculated ground tosub stationsprovide-basin more re-presentative rainfall throughout the catchment. installedduring the and FY weight 2016 -distribution2017. For the of eachFY 2018 meteorological-2019, HBV station model was was calculated recalibrated to provide on the b)moreMochhu, HBV representative ModelMangdechhu for Flow rainfall and Forecasting throughoutChamkharchhu, for the Dangchhu catchment. Sub-basin Hydropower using more Plant ground stations b)Basedinstalled HBV on Modeland the weight request for Flow distribution of DrukForecasting Green of each Powerfor meteorological Dangchhu Corporation Hydropower station (DGPC), was calculatedPlantthe Center to provided provide technicalmore re-presentative backstopping rainfall services throughout for setting the catchment. up flow forecasting model for Dagachhu Basedpower onplant. the HBVrequest Model of Druk is operation Green Power for Dangachhu. Corporation The (DGPC), Center the provide Center daily provided flow technicalforecastb) HBV outputsModel backstopping forof damFlow serviceswith Forecasting Dagachhu for setting for Power Dangchhu up Plant flow from Hydropowerforecasting the NWFWC model Plant that for isDagachhu required powerfor the operationplant. HBV and Model transmission is operation of power for toDangachhu. India. The Center provide daily flow Based on the request of Druk Green Power Corporation (DGPC), the Center provided c)forecast HEC -outputsHMS Flow of dam Forecasting with Dagachhu Model Power Plant from the NWFWC that is required technical backstopping services for setting up flow forecasting model for Dagachhu for the operation and transmission of power2 to India. NCHMpower plant. in collaboration HBV Model withis operation RIMES for setDangachhu. up hydrological The Center model provide for riverdaily flow c)forecasting HEC-HMS using Flow the Forecasting HEC-HMS Modelmodel for Wangchu Basin. The model is operational forecastwith weather outputs forecast of dam input with from Dagachhu regional Power WRF Plantand Local from WRFthe NWFWC Results. Thethat forecastingis required 2 NCHMformodel the isoperation inoperational collaboration and transmissionand wouldwith RIMESbe of usefulpower fortoset India. inflowup hydrological forecasting modelfor hydropower for river plantsflow forecastingand flood forecasting. using the HECBased-HMS on the model lesson for learnt Wangchu and enhancedBasin. The capacity model ofis Centre,operational the c) HEC-HMS Flow Forecasting Model withHWRSD weather is replicating forecast input this frommodel regional (HEC- HMS)WRF andfor LocalAmochhu WRF basin Results. to be The used forecasting for flow NCHMmodeland flood is inoperational forecastingcollaboration and and would withwarning. RIMESbe usefulThe2 system forset inflowup is hydrologicalexpected forecasting to be modelfor fully hydropower foroperational river plantsflow by middle of the 12 FYP. forecastingand flood forecasting. using the HECBased-HMS on the model lesson for learnt Wangchu and enhancedBasin. The capacity model ofis Centre,operational the

2HWRSD is replicating this model (HEC-HMS) for Amochhu basin to be used for flow with The Regionalweather Integrated forecast Multi input-Hazard from Early regional Warning WRF System and for Africa Local and WRF Asia (RIMES)Results. is anThe international forecasting and intergovernmentalmodeland flood is operational forecasting institution, and andbased would warning. in Bangkok be usefulThe located system for at inflowthe is campus expected forecasting of the toAsian be for Institutefully hydropower operational of Technology plants by in Pathumthani,andmiddle flood of theThailand.forecasting. 12 FYP. Based on the lesson learnt and enhanced capacity of Centre, the

HWRSD is replicating this model (HEC-HMS) for Amochhu basin to be used Pagefor flow 27 of 75 2 and The floodRegional forecasting Integrated Multi and-Hazard warning. Early Warning The system System foris Africaexpected and Asia to (RIMES)be fully is anoperational international andby intergovernmental institution, based in Bangkok located at the campus of the Asian Institute of Technology in Pathumthani,middle of theThailand. 12 FYP.

2 NATIONAL The Regional CENTER Integrated FOR MultiHYDROLOGY-Hazard Early AND Warning METEOROLOGY System for 2019Africa and Asia (RIMES) is an internationalPage 27 and27 of 75 intergovernmental institution, based in Bangkok located at the campus of the Asian Institute of Technology in Pathumthani, Thailand.

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Figure 20: Dashboard for Flow Forecasting System in Wangchhu and Amochhu Basin

Figure 20: DashboardFigure for Flow 20: Forecasting Dashboard forSystem Flow in Forecasting Wangchhu andSystem Amochhu in Wangchhu Basin and Amochhu Basin Figure 20: Dashboard12.2 for FlowFlood Forecasting Hazard System Mapping in Wangchhu and Amochhu Basin 12.2 Flood Hazard Mapping The flood frequency analysis integrating with 1D Hydraulic model (HECRAS) and The flood frequency analysis integrating with 1D Hydraulic model (HECRAS) and Geographic12.2 Flood Information Hazard Mapping System (GIS) was used to prepare flood hazard maps of different Geographic Information12.2 System Flood (GIS) Hazard was Mapping used to prepare flood hazard maps of different 12.2 Floodreturn HazardThe periodsMappingflood frequency for Phuentsholinganalysis integrating townwith 1D plan Hydraulic area model in the(HECRAS) Ammochu. and Gumbel Max return periods for PhuentsholingThe flood frequency town analysisplan area integrating in the withAmmochu. 1D Hydraulic Gumbel model Max (HECRAS) and Geographic InformationGeographic System Information (GIS) was System used to (GIS) prepare was flood used hazard to prepare maps flood of different hazard maps of different distribution was usedGeographic to calculate Informationdistribution the returnflood Systempeakperiods was of (GIS) fordifferentused Phuentsholingwas to used returncalculate to prepare periods town the flood planof flood2 hazard years,area peak inmaps 5 the of ofAmmochu. different different Gumbel return Max periods of 2 years, 5 Figure 20: Dashboard for FlowreturnFigure Forecasting 20:periods Dashboard System for for inPhuentsholing FlowWangchhu Forecasting and Amochhutown System plan Basinin Wangchhu area in and the Amochhu Ammochu. Basin Gumbel Max years, 10 years, 20 yearsreturn andperiods 50years, years.fordistribution Phuentsholing10 The years, flood was used peak20town yearsto from calculateplan frequencyandarea the 50in flood the years.analysis peakAmmochu. ofThe weredifferent flood Gumbel return peak Max periods from of 2 frequencyyears, 5 analysis were distribution was used to calculate the flood peak of different return periods of 2 years, 5 input into HEC-RAS distribution model to find was the usedyears, corresponding to calculate10 years, the20 flood floodyears level peakand and50of differentyears. extents The returnin floodthe periodsstudy peak fromof 2 years,frequency 5 analysis were years, 10 years,input 20 intoyears HECand 50-RAS years. modelThe flood to peakfind from the frequencycorresponding analysis wereflood level and extents in the study area. The model resultsyears, were 10 years,used in20input integrationyears into and HEC 50 with- RASyears. ArcGISmodel The toflood findto generate peakthe corresponding from flood frequency plain flood analysis level and were extents in the study 12.2 Flood Hazard Mappinginput12.2 intoFlood HEC Hazard-RAS model Mapping to find the corresponding flood level and extents in the study input into HECarea.-RASarea. The model The model tomodel find theresults corresponding were were used usedfloodin integration levelin integrationand with extents ArcGIS in thewith to study generate ArcGIS flood to plain generate flood plain maps.The flood Flood frequency depths andanalysisarea.The extents floodThe integrating model havefrequency beenresults with analysisidentified were 1D Hydraulic usedintegrating through in integration model floodwith (HECRAS)plain1D with Hydraulic maps.ArcGIS and tomodel generate (HECRAS) flood plain and area. The modelmaps. resultsmaps. Flood Floodwere depths depthsused in and andintegration extents extents have with havebeen ArcGIS identified been to generateidentified through flood through plainplain maps. flood plain maps. Geographic InformationGeographic System (GIS) Information was used Systemto prepare (GIS) flood was hazard used tomaps prepare of different flood hazard maps of different maps. Flood depths and extents have been identified through flood plain maps. return periods for Phuentsholingreturn periods town for planPhuentsholing area in the town Ammochu. plan area Gumbel in the MaxAmmochu. Gumbel Max distribution was used todistribution calculate the was flood used peak to calculate of different the floodreturn peak periods of differentof 2 years, return 5 periods of 2 years, 5 years, 10 years, 20 yearsyears, and 10 50 years, years. 20 The years flood and peak 50 years.from frequencyThe flood analysis peak from were frequency analysis were input into HEC-RAS modelinput to into find HEC the- correspondingRAS model to floodfind the level corresponding and extents inflood the levelstudy and extents in the study

area. The model resultsarea. were The used model in integration results were with used ArcGIS in integration to generate with flood ArcGIS plain to generate flood plain maps. Flood depths andmaps. extents Flood have depths been identified and extents through have beenflood identified plain maps. through flood plain maps.

Figure 21: HEC-RAS Model Outputs (top) and Flood Figure Hazard 21: HEC Map- ofRAS Toorsa Model (below) Outputs (top) Figure 21: HEC-RAS Model Figure Outputs21: HEC (top)-RAS Model Outputs (top) and Flood Hazard Map of Toorsa (below) and Flood Hazard Map ofand Toorsa Flood (below) Hazard Map of Toorsa (below)

Figure 21: HEC-RAS Model Outputs (top) and Flood Hazard Map of Toorsa (below) Figure 21: HEC-RAS Model Figure Outputs 21: (top) HEC -RAS Model Outputs (top) and Flood Hazard Map of Toorsaand Flood (below) Hazard Map of Toorsa (below)

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12.3 Hydro met and Flood/GLOF warning network enhanced 12.3 Hydro met and Flood/GLOF warning network enhanced a) Pre-feasibility Study on Installation of GLOF/Flood Early Warning Systems in Wangchua) Pre-feasibility Basin Study on Installation of GLOF/Flood Early Warning Systems in Wangchu Basin The Center has planned to install flood EWS on Wangchu and Ammochhu during the 12 FYP.The The Center Hydrology has planned and Waterto install Resources flood EWS Services on Wangchu Division and Ammochhu(HWRSD) during carried the out 12 the pre-feasibilityFYP. The Hydrologystudy for theand installationWater Resources of GLOF Services EWS Division and flood (HWRSD) hazard carried mapping out forthe the pre-feasibility study for the installation of GLOF EWS and flood hazard mapping for the Wangchu basin. The EWS on Wangchhu basin is expected to be supported by JICA Wangchu basin. The EWS on Wangchhu basin is expected to be supported by JICA throughthrough a new a new TCP TCP project. project. The The Wangchhu Wangchhu hashas mainmain subsub--basinsbasins of of Thimchu, Thimchu, Pachu Pachu and and HaachhuHaachhu which which covers covers an anarea area of of 1193, 1193, 1281 1281 andand 782 sq.kmsq.km respectively. respectively. The The Wangchhu Wangchhu basinbasin was wasselected selected since since the the capital capital city city of of ThimphuThimphu andand Paro,Paro, international international airport airport and and hydropowerhydropower plants plants and and a large a large population population of of BhutanBhutan are settledsettled in in this this river river basin. basin.

Figure 22: Map of Wangchuu Basin with three (1) and Location of Pre-sites Figure 22: Map of Wangchuu Basin with three (1) and Location of Pre-sites

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13. National Hydro-met Observation Network

13.1 Annual Maintenance of Hydro-Met Observation Network The Center maintains national hydro-met observational network that consists of more than 250 stations covering Bhutan the whole of the country.

Table 8: List of Hydro-Met Observational Network

Type of Monitoring Station Number Figure 23:Discharge Measurement at Thimchu Headwaters (L) Relation between Catchment area and % Flow (R) 1. Meteorology/Climate Station 155 2. Cryosphere (Snow and Glaciers) monitoring Stations 20

FigureFigure 23:Discharge 23:Discharge Measurement Measurement at Thimchu at Thimchu 3. Hydrological/Flood Observation Station 59 12.4 Dissemination of Hydrological Data HeadwatersHeadwaters (L) Relation(L) Relation between between Catchment Catchment area area and and% Flow % Flow (R) (R) 4. Sediment Sampling Stations 16

The Center also provides hydrological12.412.4 Disseminationdata Dissemination to Government of Hydrological of Hydrological Data agencies, Data the private sector, Total 250 academic researchers and students, corporateTheThe Center Center also sector, also provides providesFigure foreignhydrological 23:Dischargehydrological institute data Measurement data to Governmentto Government and at Thimchu others agencies, agencies, asthe theprivateper private the sector, sector, The annual maintenance of the stations is carried every year before the monsoon to request. The following chart showsHeadwaters academictheacademic (L) Relationpercentage researchers researchers between and Catchment and students,of students, areadata corporate and corporate %services Flow sector, (R) sector, foreign cateredforeign institute institute andto and othersvarious others as per as perthe the rectify any issues in data transmission, replacement of damaged parts details are given below. request.request. The The following following chart chart shows shows the thepercentage percentage of dataof data services services catered catered to variousto various entities. 12.4 Dissemination of entities.Hydrologicalentities. Data Table 9: List of Stations under taken annual maintenance The Center also provides hydrological data to Government agencies, the private sector, Total Total academic researchers and students, corporate sector, foreign institute and others as per the Maintenance in Maintenance in request. The following chart shows the percentage of data services catered to various Sl. No Station Category Station Type 2017-2018 FY 2018-2019FY entities.

1 GLOF -EWS Automatic 0 37

2 Hydrological Manual 24 19 Stations

3 Hydrological Automatic 45 30 Stations

4 Meteorological Manual 20 20

Stations

The maintenance team also carries out discharge measurement and comparison between FigureFigure 24: Shows24: Shows center center providing providing data data to dif toferent different organization organization Float Method and ADCP, comparison between Float Method and Pygmy Current Meter measurement.

Figure 24: Shows center providing data to different organization

30 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 PagePage 30 of 30 75 of 75 Page 31 of 75

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13. National Hydro-met Observation Network 13. National Hydro-met Observation Network 13. National Hydro-met Observation Network

13.1 Annual Maintenance of Hydro-Met Observation Network The13.1 Center AnnualAnnual maintains Maintenance Maintenance national of ofHydro hydroHydro-Met-met-Met Observation observational Observation Network networkNetwork that consists of more The Center maintains national hydro-met observational network that consists of more thanThe 250Center stations maintains covering national Bhutan hydro the-met whole observational of the country. network that consists of more than 250250 s stationstations covering covering Bhutan Bhutan the the whole whole of the of country.the country. Table 8: List of Hydro-Met Observational Network Table 8:8: List List of of Hydro Hydro-Met-Met Observational Observational Network Network Type of Monitoring Station Number Type ofof Monitoring Monitoring Station Station NumberNumber 1. Meteorology/Climate Station 155 1. Meteorology/Climate Station Station 155 155 2. Cryosphere (Snow and Glaciers) monitoring Stations 20 2.2. Cryosphere Cryosphere (Snow(Snow and Glaciers) monitoringmonitoring Stations Stations 2020 3. Hydrological/Flood Observation Station 59 Figure 23:Discharge Measurement at Thimchu 3.3. Hydrological/Flood Hydrological/Flood Observation StationStation 5959 Headwaters (L) Relation between Catchment area and % Flow (R) 4. Sediment Sampling Stations 16 4.4. Sediment Sediment SamplingSampling Stations 1616 Total 250 12.4 Dissemination of Hydrological Data TotalTotal 250250 The annual maintenance of the stations is carried every year before the monsoon to The Center also provides hydrological data to Government agencies, the private sector, TherectifyThe annualannual any issues maintenancemaintenance in data transmission, of the stationsstations replacement isis carriedcarried of damaged everyevery year yearparts before detailsbefore the arethe givenmonsoon monsoon to to academic researchers and students, corporate sector, foreign institute and others as per the rectifybelow.rectify anyany issuesissues inin data transmission, replacementreplacement ofof damageddamaged parts parts details details are are given given request. The following chart shows the percentage of data services catered to various below. below. entities. Table 9: List of Stations under taken annual maintenance Table Table 9:9: ListList of Stations under taken annualannual maintenance maintenanceTotal Total

Maintenance in Maintenance in Sl. No Station Category Station Type TotalTotal TotalTotal 2017-2018 FY 2018-2019FY MaintenanceMaintenance in in MaintenanceMaintenance in in Sl.Sl. NoNo StationStation Category Station TypeType 1 GLOF -EWS Automatic 0 20172017-2018-2018 FY FY37 20182018-2019FY-2019FY

121 HydrologicalGLOFGLOF --EWS ManualAutomatic 24 00 19 3737 Stations 22 HydrologicalHydrological Manual 2424 1919 3 HydrologicalStations Automatic 45 30 StationsStations

3 Hydrological Automatic 45 30 34 MeteorologicalHydrological ManualAutomatic 20 45 20 30 Stations StationsStations 44 MeteorologicalMeteorological Manual 2020 2020

The maintenanceStationsStations team also carries out discharge measurement and comparison between Float Method and ADCP, comparison between Float Method and Pygmy Current Meter

measurement. The maintenance team also carries out discharge measurement and comparison between The The maintenancemaintenance team also carries outout dischargedischarge measurementmeasurement and and comparison comparison between between Float Method and ADCP, comparison between Float Method and Pygmy Current Meter Figure 24: Shows center providing data to different organization Float Float MethodMethod andand ADCP, comparison betweenbetween FloatFloat Method Method and and Pygmy Pygmy Current Current Meter Meter measurement. measurement.

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Figure 24:Cross section profiling using ADCP

Figure 25:Cross section profiling using Cableway

13.2 Lean flow measurement

The Center also carry out annual lean flow measurement of streams that are not covered by the national network to study the firm flow and its changes change. The lean flow was started in 2000 to understand the flow variability of the streams that are not gauged. There are more than 72 numbers of streams and rivers included for lean flow measurements as on 2018.

The spot lean flow measurement is annual events that are carried out by HOID in the month of March, when the flow of the rivers/stream are at the lowest by wading method.

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Figure 26: Annul Maintenance of Hydro-Met Stations in Picture

13.3 Inauguration of Zamtari Flood Warning Station on Jomori

Flood Warning Station on Jormri (Dhansari) at Zamtari under Jomotshangkha Dungkhag, Sandrup Jongkhar under GOI program of the Center during the FY 2017-2018. The site office was inaugurated on 6th December 2018 by Director and Dasho Dungpa of Jomotshangkha, and was attended by local government official and communities of Serthi & Langchenphu Gewogs. The station would not only facilitate sharing flood warning information to India and downstream was also in hydro-met data collection of Jomri.

Figure 27: Inauguration of Site Office (L), NCHM Management with Site Staff (R)

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13.4 Construction of Sediment Laboratory

Site office with Sediment lab was constructed at Jampani under Jomotsangkha Dungkhag during the FY 2018-2019 under Flood Warning GOI Program. The new site was established as per the recommendation of the Joint Group of Experts (JGE) on Flood Management between India and Bhutan to study the sediment load of the Jomori/Dhansari river.

Figure 28: Sediment Lab at Jampani during construction (L) and after completion (R)

13.5 Installation/Upgradation of Hydro-Met Stations

Class A Weather Statiion from the Punakha Dzong was shifted to a new location at Lekithang based on the request from the Dzongkhag Administration. Automatic Weather Station (AWS) was installed at Lekithang on 17 March 2019. Similarly, Automatic Water Level Station (AWLS) was installed on Dangchhu at Chuzomsa, Wangdue Phodrang on 25 June 2019. Data from these stations are transmitted in real time to Thimphu.

During the FY 2018-2 019, HOID also upgraded 5 Old AWSs supplied by RT Company, Nepal with MICRO-step system for those stations located at Babesa, Paro DSC, Zhemgang, Kanglung and Mongar to harmonise the system and data transmission.

Figure 29:New Automatic Weather Station at Punakha (L) and Upgraded AWS at Paro (R)

34 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 34 2019 of 75

14. Cryosphere Monitoring and Services

14.1 Annual Monitoring of Benchmark Glaciers

Glaciers are the best natural indicators of climate change (WGMS, 2016) and it is therefore critical to monitor glacier and glacier mass change to understand long-term behaviour and its impact on water resources. Since there is not much information on glacier mass balance of Bhutan and the Himalayan region in general, the Center has established two long term Benchmark monitoring glacier station in Bhutan viz. Gangju La Glacier in the head water of Phochhu sub-basin and Thana in the head water of Chamkhar chhu sub-basin.

The Cryosphere Services Division (CSD) is responsible to carryout annual glacier mass balance of glaciers across the country. In continuation to the past fiscal year, the CSD successfully completed field work for the FY 2018-19 including data collection and reporting. The detail of bench glaciers changes is as below:

14.1.1 Gangju La glacier in Pho chhu Headwater

Gangju La Glacier is located in the Northern frontier of Bhutan at 27.94oN, 89.95oE with an approximate area of 0.215km 2. This clean ice glacier extends from elevation of 4900 to 5200 m.a.s.l. In glacio-hydrological year: 2017-18 (Autumn Net Balance), Gangju La Glacier revealed the glacier mass loss of -2390+202 mm w.e.a-1 with a terminus retreat of 15.07m. As mentioned by Tshering and Fujita (2016) and CSD, NCHM (2017), the glacier exhibited similar trends of maximum surface lowering at lower altitude and lesser at the higher altitude areas in 2018 as well. The detailed methodologies, data processing, results and recommendations are compiled in the “Scientific Report on Gangju La Glacier September 2018”.

Figure 30:Geodetic Survey at Gangju La Glacier

14.1.2 Thana Glacier in Chamkhar chhu headwaters

Thana Glacier is located in the north-central part of the Bhutan Himalayas, oriented Southeast in the head water of Chamkhar Chhu, at 28.021°N and 90.607°E (Fig. 3) with a surface area of approximately 3.77 km2. This clean ice glacier extends from elevation of 5100 to 5700 m.a.s.l. This year (2018) Thana glacier exhibited net negative mass balance

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 3535 of 75

of - 1565.571-mm w.e.a-1 through direct method and -1869.7 mm w.e.a-1 through geodetic method. Team also successfully tested the newly procured Ice Penetrating Radar (IPR) on Thana glacier and found the highest depth (maximum glacier thickness) of of - 1565.571-mm 175.74w.e.a-1 through m in directthe ablationmethod and zone. -1869.7 mm w.e.a-1 through geodetic method. Team also successfully tested the newly procured Ice Penetrating Radar

(IPR)of on - 1565.571Thana glacier-mm w.e.aand -found1 through the highestdirect methoddepth (maximumand -1869.7 glacier mm w.e.athickness)-1 through of geodeticof - 1565.571 method. -Teammm w.e.aalso successfully-1 through testeddirect themethod newly andprocured -1869.7 Ice Penetratingmm w.e.a -Ra1 darthrough 175.74 m in theof ablation- 1565.571 zone.-mm w.e.a-1 through direct method and -1869.7 mm w.e.a-1 through (IPR)geodetic on Thana method. glacier Team and also found successfully the highest tested depth the newly(maximum procured glacier Ice Penetratingthickness) of Ra dar 175.74 mgeodetic in the ablation method. zone.Team also successfully tested the newly procured Ice Penetrating Radar (IPR) on(IPR) Thana on Thana glacier glacier and and found found the the highest highest depth (maximum(maximum glacier glacier thickness) thickness) of of

175.74175.74 m in the m in ablation the ablation zone. zone.

Figure 31: Thana Glacier Field Survey Team 2019

Figure 31: Thana Glacier Field Su rvey Team 2019 Figure 31: Thana Glacier Field SuFrveyigu Treeam 201319: Thana Glacier Field Survey Team 2019

Figure 31: Thana Glacier Field Survey Team 2019

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36 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 3 20196 of 75

FigureFigure 32: 32:Ice IcePenetrating Penetrating Radar Radar Survey Survey on Thanaon Thana Glacier Glacier (top (top left), left), Discharge Discharge Measurement Measurement (top (top right), right), TimeTime Series Series Terminus Terminus Map Map of Thana of Thana Glacier Glacier from from 1980 1980-2018-2018 (bottom (bottom left) left) and and Time Time Series Series Changes Changes of of ChubdaChubda Lake Lake (bottom (bottom right) right) Figure 32: Ice Penetrating Radar Survey on Thana Glacier (top left), Discharge Measurement (top right), Time Series Terminus Map of Thana Glacier from 1980-2018 (bottom left) and Time Series Changes of Chubda Lake (bottom right) 14.214.2 TimeTime Series Series Monitoring Monitoring of Glacialof Glacial Lakes Lakes in thein the Head Head water water of Paaof Paa Chhu. Chhu.

A jointA14.2 joint field Timefield expedition Seriesexpedition Monitoring to studyto study theof Glacialthe glaciers glaciers Lakes and and inglacier theglacier Head lakes lakes water in thein of the Paaheadwaters headwaters Chhu. of ofPa Pa ChhuChhu was was conducted conducted in inMay May 2019. 2019. A Ajoint joint team team comprising comprising of offive five officials officials from from CryosphereCryosphereA joint fieldServices Services expedition Division Division to study (CSD) (CSD) the and glaciers and tw otw andofficialso officials glacier from lakes from Sherabtse in Sherabtse the headwaters College College travelledof travelledPa to totheChhu the base wasbase of conductedofMt. Mt. Jomolhari Jomolhari in May and 2019.and Mt. Mt. AJichu jointJichu Drake team Drake comprisingand and conducted conducted of five the theofficials following following from field field Cryosphere Services Division (CSD) and two officials from Sherabtse College travelled works:works: to the base of Mt. Jomolhari and Mt. Jichu Drake and conducted the following field a. a.Collected Collected lake lake data, data, works: b. b.Collected Collected water water samples samples for forisotopic isotopic analysis analysis and and other other information information which which will will a.contribute contributeCollected in lake assessingin assessing data, the the potential potential threat threat of theof the lake lake to downstream;to downstream; b.contribute Collected in waterassessing samples the potentialfor isotopic threat analysis of the and lake other to downstream; information which will c. c.Bathymetry Bathymetry survey survey on onJichu Jichu Drakey Drakey lake lake and and Jomolhari Jomolhari lake lake for forlake lake bottom bottom c. Bathymetrycontribute surveyin assessing on Jichuthe potential Drakey threat lake of andthe lakeJomolhari to downstream; lake for lake bottom topographytopography and and water water depth. depth. c.topography Bathymetry and survey water depth.on Jichu Drakey lake and Jomolhari lake for lake bottom d. d.Conducted Conductedtopography In -andsituIn- situwater data data depth.of ofshoreline shoreline mapping mapping of ofthe the lake lake was was done done for forfuture future d.reference. reference.Conducted In-situ data of shoreline mapping of the lake was done for future e. e.Collecte Collectereference.d soild soil samples samples of theof the moraine moraine dam dam for forobtaining obtaining geo geo-technical-technical parameters parameters e.which whichCollecte will will dbe soil usedbe samplesused for forrunning of running the moraineBREACH BREACH dam model for model obtaining for forglacial glacial geo -laketechnical lake hazard hazard parameters analysis. analysis. f. f.Aerial Aerialwhich Photography willPhotography be used survey for survey running using using BREACH the the Unmanned Unmanned model for Aerial glacialAerial System lake System hazard (UAS) (UAS) analysis. to generateto generate f.high highAerial resolution resolution Photography DEM DEM ofsurvey theof the glacier.using glacier. the Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) to generate high resolution DEM of the glacier. g. g.Outflow Outflow discharge discharge measurement measurement using using Salt Salt Tracer Tracer equipment equipment to understandto understand total total g. Outflow discharge measurement using Salt Tracer equipment to understand total surfacesurface runoff runoff from from lakes. lakes. surface runoff from lakes.

Figure33:PaachhuFigure33:Paachhu Field Field Survey Survey Assessment Assessment Figure33:PaachhuTeamTeam Field Survey Assessment Team

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 37 of 7537 PagePage 37 of37 75 of 75

The waterwater samplessamples for for isotope isotope analysis analysis were were collected collected for forthe thewhole whole stretch stretch of Paa of chhuPaa chhu fromThe water water JichuJichu samples samples DarkeyDarkey for lake forlake isotope isotopetill till Chunzom Chunzomanalysis analysis wereat atwereParo Parocollected tocollected assessto assessfor theforthe theriverwholethe riverwhole flow stretch flow contributionstretch of contribution Paa of chhuPaa of chhu of glacierfrom JichuJichu melt,melt, Darkey Darkeyground ground lake water, lakewater, till tillprecipitation Chunzomprecipitation Chunzom at (rain) at Paro(rain) Paro and to and assesssnowto assesssnow meltthe melt theriverto the toriver flow surfacethe flow surfacecontribution runoff contribution runoff of Paof of Paof Chhu.glacierThe water River Rivermelt,melt, samples flowgroundflowground contribution contributionfor water, water, isotope precipitation precipitation analysisstudies studies is were (rain)isbeing (rain)being collected anddone and donesnow by snowfor thebymelt the the Centermelt towhole Center the to in surfacethestretch co in llaborationsurface co runoffofllaboration Paa runoff of chhuwith Pa ofwith Pa SherubtseChhu.from Jichu RiverRiver College.College. Darkey flowflow contribution contribution lake till Chunzom studies studies isat beingis Paro being doneto doneassess by theby the theCenter river Center inflow co in llaborationcontribution collaboration with of with Sherubtseglacier melt, College. College. ground water, precipitation (rain) and snow melt to the surface runoff of Pa Chhu. River flow contribution studies is being done by the Center in collaboration with Sherubtse College.

Figure 34: Glacier Ice Sampling for Isotope Analysis (L) and Bathymetry Survey on Karma Lake Figurenear Jichu 34:34: DarkeyGlacier Glacier GlacierIce Ice Sampling Sampling (R) for for Isotope Isotope Analysis Analysis (L) (L)and and Bathymetry Bathymetry Survey Survey on Karma on Karma Lake Lake nearFigure JichuJichu 34: Darkey DarkeyGlacier Glacier GlacierIce Sampling (R) (R) for Isotope Analysis (L) and Bathymetry Survey on Karma Lake near Jichu Darkey Glacier (R) Figure 34: Glacier Ice Sampling for Isotope Analysis (L) and Bathymetry Survey on Karma Lake near Jichu Darkey Glacier (R)

Figure 35: UAS for Aerial Photography Survey at Karma Lake site (L) and Dilution Method Figure(salt trace 35: TQUAS-Commander for Aerial Photography Software) on Surveythe Jomolhari at Karma steam Lake near site Jangothang(L) and Dilution Base Method (R) Figure (salt trace 35: TQ UAS-Commander for Aerial Software) Photography on the Survey Jomolhari at Karma steam Lakenear Jangothangsite (L) and Base Dilution (R) Method (saltFigure trace 35: TQUAS-Commander for Aerial Photography Software) on Surveythe Jomolhari at Karma steam Lake near site Jangothang(L) and Dilution Base Method(R) Figure 35: UAS for Aerial Photography Survey at Karma Lake site (L) and Dilution Method (salt trace TQ-Commander Software) on the Jomolhari steam near Jangothang Base (R) (salt trace TQ-Commander Software) on the Jomolhari steam near Jangothang Base (R)

38 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 38 2019 of 75 Page 38 of 75

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15. Publications and Reports

NCHM as a scientific and technical agency mandated to provide scientific and technical 15. Publications and Reports services in hydrology, water resources, meteorology, climatology, and cryosphere, the

CentreNCHM published as a scientific several andtechnical technical reports agency duringmandated 2018 to provide-2019. scientificTheses andtechnical technical repor ts and otherservices15. publicationPublications in hydrology, are and watermade Reports resourcesavailable , meteorology, in the website: climatology www.nchm.gov.bt, and cryosphere. The, the main technicalCentre publications published several were technicallaunched reports coinciding during 2018with- 2019.the WorldTheses Meteorologicaltechnical reports Day celebrationNCHMand other on as 23 publicationa scientific March 2019. andare madetechnical available agency in mandated the website: to provide www.nchm.gov.bt scientific and. The technical main The followingservicestechnical in publicationsre hydrology,ports were werewater published launchedresources and coinciding, meteorology, launched with during climatology the World2018-, 2019 Meteorologicaland cryosphereFY ,Day the Centre published several technical reports during 2018-2019. Theses technical reports a) celebrationAnalysis on of 23 historical March 2019. climate and climate change projection for Bhutan. andThe followingother publication reports wereare made published available and launchedin the website: during 2018www.nchm.gov.bt-2019 FY . The main b) Re-assessment of potentially dangerous lakes of Bhutan technicala) Analysis publications of historical were climatelaunched and coinciding climate change with projectionthe World forMeteorological Bhutan. Day c) Bhutan glacier inventory 2018 celebrationb) Re- assessmenton 23 March of 2019.potentially dangerous lakes of Bhutan d) TheCompendiumc) following Bhutan reglacierports of Climate wereinventory published and 2018 Hydrological and launched Ex duringtremes 2018 in- 2019Bhutan FY since 1968 from Kuensel.d)a) AnalysisCompendium of historical of Climate climate and Hydrologicaland climate change Extremes projection in Bhutan for sinceBhutan. 1968 from b) Kuensel.Re-assessment of potentially dangerous lakes of Bhutan 16. Extremec) Bhutan events glacier Warning inventory 2018 and Advisories 16. d) ExtremeCompendium events of Climate Warning and and Hydrological Advisories Ex tremes in Bhutan since 1968 from Kuensel. Bhutan observed a number of extreme events during the FY 2018-2019, accordingly the Bhutan observed a number of extreme events during the FY 2018-2019, accordingly the Center16.Center monitored monitoredExtreme and events and issued issued Warning weather weather and and and Advisories floodflood advisoriesadvisories to tothe the general general public public through through the national the national TV TVand andother other social social Media. Media. Bhutan observed a number of extreme events during the FY 2018-2019, accordingly the Center monitored and issued weather and flood advisories to the general public through the national TV and other social Media.

Figure 36: Advisory sample

Figure 36: Advisory sample Figure 36: Advisory sample

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17. Ongoing Projects

17.1 Strategic Planning for Climate Resilience (SPCR)

The SPCR Strategic Planning for Climate Resilience (SPCR) project is supported by the World Bank with the goal to provide a strategy for climate-resilience, outlining the country’s adaptation and development priorities, and an investment program to achieve its goals. The project has four pillars; a. Enhancing information base for hydro-met services and climate resilience b. Preparedness, food and water security c. Sustainable growth and resilient infrastructure d. Strengthening governance, institutional coordination and human resource capacity

NCHM is one of the four technical agencies under the SPCR and it is responsible for undertaking a technical study under the Pillar I- Enhancing Information Base Hydro-met Services and Climate Resilience. The fundamental objective of the study is to improve hydro-met base information and identify future investment plans. The list of studies carried out under the Pillar I of SPCR are as follows: a. Analysis of historical climate and climate change projection for Bhutan. b. Re-assessment of potentially dangerous lakes of Bhutan c. Bhutan glacier inventory 2018

Most of the allocated fund were used for the capacity building of the centre employees to carry out these studies.

17.2 The Hydro-met Services and Disaster Resilience Regional Project (HSDRRP)

USD 3.8 million World Bank supported the Hydromet Services and Disaster Resilience Regional Project (HSDRRP) coordinated by the Department of Disaster Management (DDM), Ministy of Home and Cultural Affairs. The project seeks to strengthen the Royal Government of Bhutan's (RGOB) capacity to improve national and district level capacity for disaster preparedness and response and provide weather and hydrological forecasting services including delivery in priority sectors and disaster related early warning systems. The project has three components (A, B and C) a. Component A: Hydromet Services Development (US$ 1.60 million). The main objective of this component is to strengthen the capacity to improve hydromet monitoring, forecasting and service delivery to priority sectors; b. Component B: Disaster Preparedness and Response Capacity Improvement (US$ 2.00 million) and c. Component C: Design of an agro met decision support system (US$ 0.2 million) Component A: Hydro-met Services Development is implemented by the NCHM with Sub-Component A1: Strengthening forecasting and services (US$ 0.89 million) and Sub- Component A2: Institutional Capacity Strengthening, Project Management, Regional Collaboration and Monitoring and Evaluation (US$ 0.21 million). The project strengthened and enhanced the centre capacity in the following areas:

40 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 40 2019 of 75

a. Aviation meteorological Observation systems with installation of aviation automatic weather observation system (AWOS) ceilometer & wind profiler at Paro International Airport. b. One a.ceilometer Aviation atmeteorological Bumthang Domestic Observation airport systemsis completed with ininstallation November of2018 aviation a. Aviation meteorological Observation systems with installation of aviation anda. operational.Aviationautomatic meteorological weather observation Observation system systems (AWOS) with ceilometerinstallation &of wind aviation profiler at a. Aviationautomatic meteorological weather observation Observation system systems (AWOS) with ceilometerinstallation &of wind aviation profiler at c. Developeda. AviationautomaticautomaticParo a International Common meteorologicalweatherweather observation observationOperating Airport. Observation systemPlatformsystem (AWOS)(AWOS)systems for automated ceilometerceilometerwith installation hydro && wind-met profilerofservices aviation at Paro International Airport. deliveryb.automaticParoParo One (Set International International ceilometerup weather SMART Airport. Airport. observationat-Met Bumthang System) system Domestic (AWOS) airport ceilometer is completed & windin November profiler at2018 b. One ceilometer at Bumthang Domestic airport is completed in November 2018 b.b. ParoOneOneand ceilometer Internationalceilometer operational. atat Airport. BumthangBumthang DomesticDomestic airportairport isis completedcompleted inin November 2018 and operational. b. c.Oneandand Developed operational. ceilometeroperational. a at Common Bumthang Operating Domestic Platform airport isfor completed automated in Novemberhydro-met 2018services c. Developed a Common Operating Platform for automated hydro-met services c.c. andDevelopedDeveloped deliveryoperational. a(Seta CommonCommon up SMART OperatingOperating-Met System) PlatformPlatform forfor automatedautomated hydrohydro--met services delivery (Set up SMART-Met System) deliverydelivery (Set (Set up up SMART SMART--MetMet System) System) c. Developed a Common Operating Platform for automated hydro-met services delivery (Set up SMART-Met System) a. Aviation meteorological Observation systems with installation of aviation a. Aviation meteorological Observation systemsautomatic with installationweather observation of aviation system (AWOS) ceilometer & wind profiler at automatic weather observation system (AWOS)Paro ceilometer International & Airport.wind profiler at Paro International Airport. b. One ceilometer at Bumthang Domestic airport is completed in November 2018 b. One ceilometer at Bumthang Domestic airportand is completedoperational. in November 2018 and operational. c. Developed a Common Operating Platform for automated hydro-met services c. Developed a Common Operating Platform fordelivery automated (Set up hydro SMART-met- Metservices System) delivery (Set up SMART-Met System)

Figure 37:AWOS and Ceilometer installed at Paro International Airport through HSDRRP

Figure 37:AWOS and Ceilometer installed at Paro International Airport through HSDRRP FigureFigureFigure 37:AWOS 37:AWOS 37:AWOS and and Ceilometerand Ceilometer Ceilometer installed installed installed at at Paro Paro at ParoInternational International International AirportAirport Airport throughthrough through HSDRRPHSDRRP HSDRRP Figure 38:SMART-MET for Weather Forecast and

Service Figure 37:AWOS and Ceilometer installed at Paro International Airport through HSDRRP FigureFigure 38:SMART 38:SMART-MET -forMET Weather for Weather Forecast Forecast and and FigureFigure 38:SMART 38:SMART-MET -METfor Weather for Weather Forecast Forecast and and Service ServiceService Service

Figure 38:SMART-MET for Weather Forecast and Service

Figure 37:AWOS and Ceilometer installed at Paro International Airport through HSDRRP Figure 37:AWOS and Ceilometer installed at Paro International Airport through HSDRRP

Figure 38:SMART-MET for Weather Forecast and Figure 38:SMART-MET for Weather Forecast and Service Service Page 41 of 75

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18. Technical Backstopping Services to Line Agencies 18.118. FlowTechnical Forecasting Backstopping System Services for Dagachhu to Line Hydropower Agencies Project 18.1 Flow Forecasting System for Dagachhu Hydropower Project Based on the request of Dangachhu Power Plant through the Druk Green Power CorporationBased on the (DGPC), request NCHM of Dangachhu provided Powertechnical Plant backstopping through the services Druk andGreen developed Power flowCorporation forecasting (DGPC), system NCHM for Dagachhu provided Power technical Plant. backstopping NCHM team services assessed and the catchmentdeveloped andflow existing forecasting flow system forecasting for Dagachhu system used Power by DGPC Plant. andNCHM developd team assessedthe rating the equation. catchment and existing flow forecasting system used by DGPC and developd the rating equation. The flow forecasting system was developed using the HBV model using climate data fromThe flowGaselo, forecasting Chapcha, system Chukha was and developed Dagana station using and the validated HBV model using using the discharge climate data from Gaselo,Dagachhu Chapcha, station .Chukha The model and wasDagana calibrated station withand validateddata from using 2015 the January discharge till 2018 data December.from Dagachhu The modelstation was. The calibrated model was with calibrated R2= 0.78. with data from 2015 January till 2018 December. The model was calibrated with R2= 0.78.

Figure 17. HBV Model Set up of Dagachhu Figure 17. HBV Model Set up of Dagachhu Based on the requirement of the Dangachhu Power Plant to transmit daily flow forecast toBased India on in the relation requirement to power of export the Dangachhu requirement, Power the CenterPlant to share transmit daily daily flow flowforecast forecast with Dagachhuto India in Powerrelation Plant to power on daily export basis. requirement, the Center share daily flow forecast with Dagachhu Power Plant on daily basis. 18.2 Agrometeorological Services 18.2 Agrometeorological Services As a part of the implementation of Component C: Design of an agro met decision support systemAs a part of of the the World implementation Bank supported of Component the Hydro C: -Designmet Services of an agro and met Disaster decision Resilience support Regionalsystem of Project the World (HSDRRP) Bank supportedby the Department the Hydro of- metAgriculture, Services MoA,and Disaster the Center Resilience worked closRegionalely with Project DoA (HSDRRP) and consultant by the of Department agrometeorological of Agriculture, decision MoA, support the Center system worked called SEMAMEclosely with inDoA Bhutan. and consultant SESAME of agrometeorologicalstands for Specialised decision supportExpert systemSystem called for AgrometeorologicalSEMAME in Bhutan. Early SESAMEWarning (SESAME)stands for- it’sSpecialised a web-based Expert decision System support for systemAgrometeorological developed for Early generating Warning and (SESAME)utilizing relevant- it’s aagrometeorological web-based decision information support forsystem early developed warning offor risks generating for natural and hazardsutilizing andrelevant guiding agrometeorological resource manseng information plans and decisions.for early warning NCHM ofwill risks be forresponsible natural hazardsto input and weather guiding and resource seasonal manseng forecast plans data and informationdecisions. NCHM to the webwill- basedbe responsible SESAME tosystem. input weather and seasonal forecast data and information to the web-based SESAME system.

42 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 42 2019 of 75 Page 42 of 75

18.3 Internship for College Students 18.3 18.3Internship Internship for College for College Students Students

Four final year students undertaking BSc. Environment and Climate Studies from the Four18.3 Fourfinal finalyearInternship yearstudents students for undertaking College undertaking Students BSc. BSc. Environment Environment and Climateand Climate Studies Studies from from the the College of Natural Resources interned with the Center for 2 months from 11th December College2018College of to Natural 11of NaturalFebruary Resources Resources 2019. interned Their interned researchwith withthe wasCenter the focusedCenter for 2 foronmonths 2weather months from and from 11th climate 11thDecember December and the Four final year students undertaking BSc. Environment and Climate Studies from the 2018hydrology2018 to 11 to February 11 and February water 2019. resources. 2019. Their Their research research was focusedwas focused on weather on weather and climateand climate and theand the hydrologyCollegehydrology and of waterNaturaland water resources. Resources resources. interned with the Center for 2 months from 11th December 2018 to 11 February 2019. Their research was focused on weather and climate and the

Onhydrology 11th Februaryand water withresources. the completion of the internship successfully, the students On 11thOn 11thFebruary February with withthe completionthe completion of theof internshipthe internship successfully, successfully, the studentsthe students presented their work to the Center. The students were presented with Certificates of presentedCompletionpresented their their workof their work to internship. the to Center.the Center. The Thestudents students were were presented presented with withCertificates Certificates of of CompletionOnCompletion 11th of Februarytheir of theirinternship. withinternship. the completion of the internship successfully, the students presented their work to the Center. The students were presented with Certificates of

Completion of their internship.

Figure 39: CNR Students presentation their work experience with NCHM Management after the internship. FigureFigure 39: CNR 39: StudentsCNR Students presentation presentation their worktheir experiencework experience with NCHM with NCHM Management Management after theafter internship. the internship.

Figure 39: CNR Students presentation their work experience with NCHM Management after the internship.

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19. Institutional Linkages and Collaboration 19. Institutional Linkages and Collaboration 19. Institutional LinkagesLinkages andand Collaboration Collaboration

19.1 Interactive Session with Line agencies 19.1 Interactive Session with Line agencies 19.1 Interactive SessionSession withwith LineLine agencies agencies

The NCHM was identified as the nodal agency responsible for generation of information The NCHM was identified as the nodal agency responsible for generation of information Theand NCHMdelivery was of identifiedidentified products asas and thethe nodalnodalservices agency agency on responsible responsibleweather, climate,for for generation generation cryosphere of of information information and water and delivery of products and services on weather, climate, cryosphere and water andresources delivery in Bhutan.ofof productsproducts Since andand weather, servicesservices climate, onon weather,weather, hydrology, climate,climate, cryosphere cryospherecryosphere data, and andinformation, waterwater resources in Bhutan. Since weather, climate, hydrology, cryosphere data, information, resourcesand services inin Bhutan.are required SinceSince by weather,weather, many agencies, climate,climate, tohydrology,hydrology, understand cryospherecryosphere the needs data, data,of line information, information, agencies and andandto develop servicesservices a are arelongare requiredrequired required term strategic byby by manymany many plan agencies,agencies, agencies, of the to Centreto tounderstand understand understand for the the the12 the needs needsFYP needs ofand of line of linebeyond, line agencies agencies agencies the and Centreand and totostarted developdevelop interactive a a longlong long termterm term sessions strategicstrategic strategic with planplan plan the of of of the Headthe the Centre Centre Centreof relevant for for for the the the 12 12agencies 12FYP FYP FYP and and inand beyond, beyond,Thimphu beyond, the the Centrefromthe Centre Centre M ay startedstarted2018- to interactiveinteractiveinteractive July 2018 sessions sessions sessionsas listed. withwith with thethe the HeadHead Head ofof of relevantrelevant relevant agenciesagencies agencies in in Thimphu inThimphu Thimphu from from from M May ayM ay 20182018-- to to July JulyJuly 20182018 2018 asas as listed.listed. listed.

! ! ! Figure 40: NCHM Management with various Institutions ! FFiigugurere 40 40:: NC NCHHMM M Managanagememenent tw witith hv avrairouious sIn Isntitstuittuiontions s Figua.re 40Director: NCHM andManag Sr.e mOfficialsent with v aofriou thes I nDepartmentstitutions of Air Transport Services (DoAT) a.a. DirectorDirector andand Sr.Sr. Officials Officials of of the the Department Department of of Air Air Transport Transport Services Services (DoAT) (DoAT) a. ParoDirector International and Sr. Airport,Officials Paro; of the Department of Air Transport Services (DoAT) ParoParo International International Airport, Airport, Paro; Paro; b. AirParo Navigation International Section Airport, of Bhutan Paro; Civil Aviation Authority (BCAA), Paro c.b.b. CEO,AirAir Navigation Navigation Thimphu ITSection Section Paro andof of Bhutan BhutanManager Civil Civil Data Aviation Aviation Center, Authority Authority (BCAA), (BCAA), Paro Paro b. Air Navigation Section of Bhutan Civil Aviation Authority (BCAA), Paro d.c.c. DirectorCEO,CEO, Thimphu Thimphu and Chiefs, IT IT Paro ParoDepartment and and Manager Manager of Public Data Data Health, Center, Center, Ministry of Health, c. CEO, Thimphu IT Paro and Manager Data Center, d.d. DirectorDirector and and Chiefs, Chiefs, Department Department of of Public Public Health, Health, Ministry Ministry of ofHealth, Health, d. Director and Chiefs, Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Page 44 of 75 PagPeag 4e4 4o4f 7o5f 75 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 44 Page 44 of 75

e.e. ManagingManaging DirectorDirector andand Sr.Sr. OfficialsOfficials of Druk Green PowerPower CorporationCorporation Limited Limited e. (DGPC),(DGPC),Managing DHI DHI Director and Sr. Officials of Druk Green Power Corporation Limited f.f. DirectorDirector(DGPC), and andDHI Chiefs,Chiefs, DepartmentDepartment of Agriculture (DoA),(DoA), MinistryMinistry ofof AgricultureAgriculture f. Director and Chiefs, Department of Agriculture (DoA), Ministry of Agriculture andand Forest Forest (MoAF) (MoAF) and Forest (MoAF) g.g. DirectorDirector and and Chiefs, Chiefs, DepartmentDepartment of Engineering ServicesServices (DoES),(DoES), MoWHS MoWHS g. Director and Chiefs, Department of Engineering Services (DoES), MoWHS h.h. DirectorDirector General General and and ChiefChief Engineers,Engineers, Department ofof Roads,Roads, MoWHS, MoWHS, h. Director General and Chief Engineers, Department of Roads, MoWHS, i.i. DDirectorirector General,General, DepartmentDepartment ofof Disaster Management,Management, MinistryMinistry ofof HomeHome and and i. Director General, Department of Disaster Management, Ministry of Home and CulturalCultural Affairs Affairs Cultural Affairs j.j. Offtg,Offtg, Director Director and and Chiefs,Chiefs, TourismTourism Council of BhutanBhutan (TCB)(TCB) k.j. DirectorOfftg, Director General, and Chiefs,Department Tourism of CouncilResearch of Bhutanand External(TCB) Relations, Riya k.k. DirectorDirector General,General, DepartmentDepartment of Research andand ExternalExternal Relations,Relations, RiyaRiya UniversityUniversity of of Bhutan Bhutan andand representatrepresentatives of CollegesColleges underunder RuBRuB and and l. Offtg.University Chief of Bhutanand Sr.and representatOfficials, ivesNational of Colleges Conservation under RuB Division and (NCD), l.l. Offtg.Offtg. ChiefChief andand Sr.Sr. Officials,Officials, National ConservationConservation DivisionDivision (NCD),(NCD), DepartmentDepartment of of Forests Forests andand ParkPark Services, MoA. Department of Forests and Park Services, MoA.

Accordingly, NCHM conducted sectoral consultation to identify areas of collaboration Accordingly, NCHM conducted sectoral consultation to identify areas of collaboration andAccordingly, services required NCHM toconducted develop asectoral strategic consultation collaboration to plan identify and otherareas related of collaboration issues. andand services services required required t oto develop develop aa strategicstrategic collaboration planplan andand otherother related related issues. issues. 19.2 Letter of Agreement 19.219.2 LetterLetter of of Agreement Agreement The Center was designated as the National Aeronautical Meteorological Service Provider The(AMSP)The Center Center within was was designated Bhutandesignated in August asas thethe National National29, 2017 Aeronautical by Bhutan Civil MeteorologicalMeteorological Aviation Authority Service Service (BCAA)Provider Provider (AMSP)as(AMSP) per the within within provisions Bhutan Bhutan of inthein AugustAugust Civil Aviation 29,29, 20172017 Act by Bhutan, Bhutan 2016.CivilCivil Aviation Aviation AuthorityAuthority (BCAA) (BCAA) asas per per the the provisions provisions of of the the CivilCivil AviationAviation Act Bhutan, 2016.2016.

Figure 41: Letter of Agreement (LoA) between the Director, Department of Air Transport (DoAT) and FigureNCHM 41: for Lettercoordination of Agreement between (LoA) Air Trafficbetween Services the Director, (ATS) andDepartment Meteorological of Air Transport office for (DoAT)the Figure 41: Letter of Agreement (LoA) between the Director, Department of Air Transport (DoAT) provisionand NCHM of meteorological for coordination service between for international Air Traffic Servicesand national (ATS) air and navigation Meteorological (July 9, office 2018), for Thimphu the provisionand NCHM of meteorological for coordination service between for international Air Traffic Servicesand national (ATS) air and navigation Meteorological (July 9, 2018),office forThimphu the provisionThe Center of meteorological attended the service Civil for Aviation international Stakeholder and national-Coordination air navigation (JuMeetingly 9, 2018), on ThimphuJuly 9, The Center attended the Civil Aviation Stakeholder-Coordination Meeting on July 9, The2018, Center Thimphu. attended On the the side Civil line Aviation a Letter ofStakeholder Agreement- Coordination(LoA) between Meeting the Department on July of 9, Air2018, Transport Thimphu. (DoAT) On the side& NCHMline a Letter was ofsigned Agreement to facilitate (LoA) betweencoordination the Department between Air of 2018,Air TransportThimphu. (DoAT)On the side & NCHMline a Letter was ofsigned Agreement to facilitate (LoA) coordinationbetween the Departmentbetween Air of AirTraffic Transport Services (DoAT) (ATS) &and NCHM Meteorological was signed office to forfacilitate the provision coordination of meteorological between Air serviceTraffic forServices air navigation. (ATS) and Aviation Meteorological Meteorological office forSection the provisionof WCSD of personnel meteorological of the Trafficservice Services for air navigation. (ATS) and Aviation Meteorological Meteorological office forSection the provisionof WCSD ofpersonnel meteorological of the service for air navigation. Aviation Meteorological Section of WCSD personnel of the

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Center are provided office space and access to all the facilities of the Airports in Bhutan whichCenter areare operated provided and office maintained space and by access the DoAT, to all MoIC. the facilities of the Airports in Bhutan which are operated and maintained by the DoAT, MoIC. Center are provided office space and access to all the facilities of the Airports in Bhutan which are operated and maintained by the DoAT, MoIC. 19.3 Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between Sherubtse College and

19.3 MemorandumNCHM of Understanding (MOU) between Sherubtse College and 19.3 MemorandumNCHM of Understanding (MOU) between Sherubtse College and Research NCHM is one of the main mandates of the Center. A Memorandum of Understanding betweenResearch theis one Center of the and main Sherubtse mandates College, of the Center.Royal AUniversity Memorandum of Bhutan, of Understanding Kanglung, Research is one of the main mandates of the Center. A Memorandum of Understanding betweenTrashigang the was Center signed and on Sherubtse April 15, College, 2019 at RoyalKanglung University to start ofa JointBhutan, Collaboration Kanglung, between the Center and Sherubtse College, Royal University of Bhutan, Kanglung, ResearchTrashigang in wasthe areassigned of on weather, April 15,climate, 2019 cryosphere,at Kanglung Hydrology to start a andJoint water Collaboration resources Trashigang was signed on April 15, 2019 at Kanglung to start a Joint Collaboration includingResearch inthe the exchange areas of of weather, experts. climate,The M oUcryosphere, is expected Hydrology to facilitate and usewater and resources provide Researchincluding in the the exchange areas of weather,of experts. climate, The Mcryosphere,oU is expected Hydrology to facilitate and water use resources and provide includingaccess in the sharing exchange of scientific of experts. facilities, The M oUinstruments is expected and to datafacilitate including use and experts provide by the access in sharing of scientific facilities, instruments and data including experts by the accessParties in for sharing long term of scientific research facilities,in Bhutan. instruments and data including experts by the Parties for long term research in Bhutan. PartiesThe Center for long in termcollaboration research inwith Bhutan. the College also organised a half day science workshop The Center in collaboration with the College also organised a half day science workshop Thefor Centerthe college in collaboration faculty and with students the College on 15also April, organised 2019. a halfThe day Center’s science technical workshop team for the college faculty and students on 15 April, 2019. The Center’s technical team forpresented the college the analysisfaculty and of studentshistorical on climate 15 April, data 2019. and Theclimate Center’s projection technical for team Bhutan, presentedupdatedpresented Potentially thethe analysis analysis Dangerous of of historical historical lakes climate climatereport data 2018data and andand climate Bhutanclimate projection Glacierprojection forInventory Bhutan,for Bhutan, 2 018 updatedfollowedupdated Potentially Potentiallyby discussion Dangerous Dangerous session. lakes Morelakes report thanreport 2002018 2018 students and and Bhutan andBhutan faculty Glacier Glacier attended Inventory Inventory the 2seminar.018 2 018 followedfollowed by by discussion discussion session. session. More More than than 200 200 students students and and faculty faculty attended attended the seminar.the seminar. During their stay in Sherubtse, the team also visited Isotopic and bio-chemistry DuringlaboratoryDuring theirtheir and stay stayother inin facilitiesSherubtse, Sherubtse, that the couldthe team teambe alsoused also visitedfor visited joint Isotopic research Isotopic and activities. andbio -chemistrybio The-chemistry Center laboratoryinformedlaboratory andthe and collegeother other facilities facilitiesthat a thatfunding that could could has be bebeenused used forsecured forjoint joint fromresearch research the activities. World activities. Bank The ThetoCenter start Center the informedfirstinformed joint the thecollaboration college college that that a researchafunding funding hasto has studybeen been secured contribution secured from from the from theWorld Worldglacier Bank Bank meltto start toand startthe other the firstassociatedfirst jointjoint collaboration sourcescollaboration contributing research research to to the tostudy Parochhustudy contribution contribution on pilot. from from glacier glacier melt melt and andother other associatedassociated sources sources contributing contributing to tothe the Parochhu Parochhu on onpilot. pilot.

FigureFigure 42: 42: MoU MoU signing signing between between Sherubtse Sherubtse College College and and NCHM. NCHM. April April 15th 15th 2019 2019 (L) and (L) Isotopicand Isotopic and Bio and- Bio- chemistryFigurechemistry 42: Laboratory Laboratory MoU signing at at Sherubtse Sherubtsebetween College Sherubtse College (R). (R). College and NCHM. April 15th 2019 (L) and Isotopic and Bio- chemistry Laboratory at Sherubtse College (R).

46 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPagePage 46 of 46 752019 of 75

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20. Governing Board Meeting 20. Governing Board Meeting rd 20.1 3rd Governing Board Meeting 20.1 3 Governing Board Meeting The 3rd Governing Board (GB) Meeting of the National Center for Hydrology and The 3rd Governing Board (GB) Meeting of the National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology (NCHM) was held today (10 April, 2019) at NORKHIL Boutique Hotel & Meteorology (NCHM) was held today (10 April, 2019) at NORKHIL Boutique Hotel & SPA, Thimphu, Bhutan. SPA, Thimphu, Bhutan.

The meeting was chaired by Dasho Sonam P Wangdi, Chairman of GB/Secretary, The meeting was chaired by Dasho Sonam P Wangdi, Chairman of GB/Secretary, National Environment Commission (NEC) and was attended all the GB members from National Environment Commission (NEC) and was attended all the GB members from thethe line line agencies. agencies. The The governing governing board board members members are: are: a.a. DirectorDirector General, General, Department Department of of Disaster Disaster Management, Management, MoHCA MoHCA ; ; b.b. Director,Director, Department Department of of Public Public Health, Health, MoH; MoH; c.c. Director,Director, Department Department of of Human Human Settlement, Settlement, MoWHS; MoWHS; d.d. Director/DepartmentDirector/Department of of Agriculture, Agriculture, MoAF; MoAF; e.e. Director,Director, Department Department of of Hydro Hydro power power and and Power Power Systems Systems (DHPS), (DHPS), MoEA MoEA and and f.f. Director,Director, NCHM. NCHM. TheThe Annual Annual Performance Performance Target Target (APT) (APT) for for the the Fiscal Fiscal Year Year 2018 2018-2019-2019 between between Chairman Chairman andand Director,Director, NCHM NCHM was was signed signed during during the the mee meeting.ting. The The GB GB also also endorsed endorsed the theAPT APT of of thethe Center Center for for the the FY FY 2019 2019-2020.-2020.

Figure 43: Board members with the Chair, Dasho Sonam P Wangdi Figure 43: Board members with the Chair, Dasho Sonam P Wangdi

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21. Bilateral Meeting 21. Bilateral Meeting 21. Bilateral Meeting

21.1 Joint Group of Experts (JGE) on Flood Management between Bhutan and 21.1 Joint Group of Experts (JGE) on Flood Management between Bhutan and 21.1 IndiaJoint Group of Experts (JGE) on Flood Management between Bhutan and India India

The Joint Group of Experts (JGE) on Flood Management between Royal Government of The Joint Group of Experts (JGE) on Flood Management between Royal Government of BhutanThe Joint (RGoB) Group and of GovernmentExperts (JGE) of on India Flood (GoI), Management was established between in Royal 2004 Governmentwith constituted of Bhutan (RGoB) and Government of India (GoI), was established in 2004 with constituted withBhutan following (RGoB) Terms and Governmentof Reference of (TOR): India (GoI), was established in 2004 with constituted with following Terms of Reference (TOR): “Towith discuss following and Terms assess of Referencethe probable (TOR): cause and effects of the recurring floods and “To discuss and assess the probable cause and effects of the recurring floods and erosion“To discuss in the and southern assess thefoothills probable of causeBhutan and and effects adjoining of the recurrplainsing in floods India and and erosion in the southern foothills of Bhutan and adjoining plains in India and recommenderosion in tothe bothsouthern Government, foothills ofappropriate Bhutan andand adjoining mutually plainsacceptable in India remedial and recommend to both Government, appropriate and mutually acceptable remedial measures”.recommend to both Government, appropriate and mutually acceptable remedial measures”. measures”.

th The NCHM led and coordinate the JGE mechanisms between RGoB and GoI. The th8 TheThe NCHM NCHM led led and and coordinate coordinate thethe JGEJGE mechanisms betweenbetween RGoBRGoB and and GoI. GoI. The The 8 8 th Meeting of the Joint Group of Experts (JGE) on Flood Management between Bhutan and MeetingMeeting of of the the Joint Joint Group Group of of ExpertsExperts (JGE)(JGE) on Flood ManagementManagement between between Bhutan Bhutan and and India 1-3 November, 2018, Guwahati, Assam, India. The GoI delegation was led by Shri IndiaIndia 1 -13- 3November, November, 2018, 2018, Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam,Assam, India. TheThe GoIGoI delegationdelegation was was led led by by Shri Shri T.S Mehra, Commissioner (B&B Basins), Ministry of Water Resources, River T.ST.S Mehra,Mehra, CommissionerCommissioner (B&B(B&B Basins),Basins), Ministry ofof WaterWater Resources,Resources, RiverRiver Development & Ganga Rejuvenation (MoWR,RD &GR), Government of India (Go) and DevelopmentDevelopment & & Ganga Ganga Rejuvenation Rejuvenation (MoWR,RD(MoWR,RD &GR), GovernmentGovernment of of India India (Go) (Go) and and the RGoB delegation was led by Director, National Center for Hydrology and thethe RGoB RGoB delegationdelegation waswas ledled byby Director,Director, NationalNational CenterCenter forfor HydrologyHydrology andand Meteorology (NCHM), RGoB. MeteorologyMeteorology (NCHM), (NCHM), RGoB. RGoB. The meeting discussed and reviewed follow-up action taken in the 7thth JGE meeting held TheThe meeting meeting discussed discussed and and reviewedreviewed followfollow-up action takentaken inin thethe 7 7th JGE JGE meeting meeting held held in 19-20 April, 2017 in Thimphu, Bhutan, report of 5th Joint Technical Team (JTT) inin 19 19-20-20 April, April, 2017 2017 inin Thimphu,Thimphu, Bhutan,Bhutan, report ofof 5th5th JointJoint TechnicalTechnical Team Team (JTT) (JTT) meeting held on 26-27 April, 2018, Phuentsholling, Bhutan and recommendations made meetingmeeting held held on on 26 26-27-27 April, April, 2018,2018, Phuentsholling,Phuentsholling, BhutanBhutan andand recommendationsrecommendations made made thereintherein and and other other issues issues mutually mutually agreedagreed betweenbetween thethe twotwo sidessides duringduring the the meeting. meeting. The The therein and other issues mutually agreed between the two sides during the meeting. The nextnext JGE JGE meeting meeting will will be be held held in in Bhutan.Bhutan. next JGE meeting will be held in Bhutan.

Figure 44: 8th Meeting of the Joint Group of Experts (JGE) on Flood Management between Bhutan and Figure 44: 8th Meeting of the Joint Group of Experts (JGE) on Flood Management between Bhutan and Figure 44: 8th Meeting of theIndia Joint 1- 3Group November, of Experts 2018, (JGE) Guwahati, on Flood Assam, Management India between Bhutan and India 1-3 November, 2018, Guwahati, Assam, India India 1-3 November, 2018, Guwahati, Assam, India

21.2 Meeting of the Joint Expert Team (JET) between India and Bhutan 21.2 Meeting of the Joint Expert Team (JET) between India and Bhutan 21.2 Meeting of the Joint Expert Team (JET) between India and Bhutan

Bhutan being the upper riparian share flood information with the Indian States of Assam Bhutan being the upper riparian share flood information with the Indian States of Assam Bhutanand West being Bengal the upper for flood riparian forecasting share flood and informationwarning through with anthe established Indian States mechanism of Assam and West Bengal for flood forecasting and warning through an established mechanism andcalled West the Bengal Joint Expertfor flood Team forecasting (JET) between and warning Bhutan through and India. an establishedJET is responsible mechanism to called the Joint Expert Team (JET) between Bhutan and India. JET is responsible to calledoversee the Jointand reviewExpert Teamthe comprehensive(JET) between schemeBhutan andfor India.establishment JET is responsibleof Hydro -to oversee and review the comprehensive scheme for establishment of Hydro- overseemeteorological and review and Flood the Forecasting comprehensive Network schemeon Rivers forCommon establishment to India and of Bhutan. Hydro - meteorological and Flood Forecasting Network on Rivers Common to India and Bhutan. meteorological and Flood Forecasting Network on Rivers Common to India and Bhutan. Page 48 of 75

48 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 48 2019 of 75 Page 48 of 75

NCHM led and coordinate the Joint Expert Team (JET) Meeting between Bhutan and India. The JET meeting is held alternatively between Bhutan and India after 6 months. The 35th Meeting of the Joint Expert Team (JET) India and Bhutan was held at Paro, Bhutan during 6 -7 March, 2019. RGoB delegation was led by Mr. Karma Dupchu, Director, NCHM and GoI delegation was led Mr. P.M Scoot, Chief Engineer (Brahmaputra and Barak Basin Organization- B&BBO, Central Water Commission (CWC), Ministry of Water Resources (MoWR), River Development (RD) & Ganga Rejuvenation (GR), GoI. JET reviewed the progress of the Flood Warning Program of GoI implemented by NCHM for the FY 2017-2018/2018-2019 and approved the new activities for the FY 2018-2019.

Figure 45: Joint Expert Team with the Team Leaders

21.2.1 Technical Maintenance Officer (TMO) deputation from GoI

A Technical Maintenance Officer (TMO) is deputed to Bhutan on two years terms to oversee the Flood Warning Program of the Government of India (GoI). Flood Warning Program Office functions within the Hydro-met Operations and Infrastructure Division (HOID) of the Center. NCHM hosted a joint Welcome and Farewell Dinner for Technical Maintenance Officer (TMO) on 22 April, 2019 to bid farewell to Shri Shravan Kumar Dwivedi, Outgoing Technical Maintenance Officer (TMO) who was with the Center since 2016 and to welcome Shri Raghavan Sundararajan, Incoming Technical Maintenance Officer (TMO). The Flood Warning Program of GoI started in 1955 to share flood information of the rivers common to India and Bhutan.

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Figure 46: Incoming TMO Shri Raghavan Sundarajan (L), Outgoing TMO Shri Kumar Dwivedi (R) Figure 46: Incoming TMO Shri Raghavan Sundarajan (L), Outgoing TMO Shri Kumar Dwivedi (R) 22. Regional and International meeting

22. Regionalth and International meeting 22.1 5 Session of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Regional Associationth II (Asia - RA II) Working Group on Hydrological Services 22.1 5 Session of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Regional (WGHS), Thimphu, Bhutan, 26-28, November, 2018 Association II (Asia - RA II) Working Group on Hydrological Services

(WGHS), Thimphu, Bhutan, 26-28, November, 2018 th Bhutan hosted the 5 Session of WMO Regional Association (RA –II) Working Group on Hydrological Servicesth (WGHS)” at Thimphu on 26-27, November 2018. The session Bhutanwas followed hosted bythe the 5 “FirstSession Global of WMO Workshop Regional on the Association Dynamic Water(RA – II)Assessment Working ToolGroup on(DWAT)” Hydrological from 28Services-30 November, (WGHS)” 2018. at Thimphu on 26-27, November 2018. The session was followed by the “First Global Workshop on the Dynamic Water Assessment Tool (DWAT)”The meeting from was 28 jointly-30 November, organized 2018. by NCHM and WMO, with financial and technical support from WMO, Ministry of Environment (ME) and Korea Institute of Civil TheEngineering meeting andwas Building jointly organizedTechnology by (KICT), NCHM Republic and WMO, of Korea. with financial and technical support from WMO, Ministry of Environment (ME) and Korea Institute of Civil More than 12 international experts and participants from WMO Member States from the Engineering and Building Technology (KICT), Republic of Korea. National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) of RA-II region attended Morethe meeting. than 12 Theinternational Participants experts also andvisited participants the National from WeatherWMO Member and Flood States Warning from the NatiCenteronal (NWFWC) Meteorological of NCHM. and Hydrological Services (NMHS) of RA-II region attended theThe meeting. 4th Session The of ParticipantsWGHS, WMO also RA visited II, was the organized National by Weather WMO, andKorea Flood Ministry Warning of CenterEnvironment (NWFWC) (ME) of and NCHM. Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology The(KICT) 4th Sessionin Seoul, of Republic WGHS, of WMO Korea fromRA II,17 wasto 19 organized October 2017. by WMO, Korea Ministry of Environment (ME) and Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) in Seoul, Republic of Korea from 17 to 19 October 2017.

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50 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 50 of 75

Figure 47: International experts and participants from WMO Member States from the National

Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) of RA-II region attending the WGHS, Thimphu Figure 47: International experts and participants from WMO Member States from the National Figure 47: International experts and participants from WMO Member States from the National 22.2Meteorological World and Meteorological Hydrological Services Congress (NMHS) (WMO) of RA-II region attending the WGHS, Thimphu Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) of RA-II region attending the WGHS, Thimphu WMO22.222.2 isWorldWorld a specialized Meteorological Meteorological agency ofCongress the United (WMO) (WMO) Nations (UN) with 193 Member States and

Territories. It is the UN system's authoritative voice on the state and behaviour of the FigureEarth'sWMOWMO 47: is atmosphere,is Internationala a specialized specialized itsexperts agencyinteraction and participantsof thethe with UnitedUnited the from Nationsland NationsWMO and Member (UN) (UN)oceans, withStates with the 193 from 193 weather Member the Member National and States Statesclimate and and it MeteorologicalproducesTerritories.Territories. and It It and the isis Hydrologicaltheresultingthe UNUN system's distributio Services authoritativeauthoritative (NMHS)n of water of RA voice resources.-voiceII region on on attendingthe the state state the and andWGHS, behaviour behaviour Thimphu of ofthe the Earth'sEarth's atmosphere, atmosphere, itsits interaction withwith thethe landland and and oceans, oceans, the the weather weather and and climate climate it it produces22.2produces World and and the theMeteorological resultingresulting distributio Congressnn ofof water water(WMO) resources. resources. Bhutan became a member of WMO in 11 February 2003. The NCHM is the national designatedBhutanWMOBhutan is became becamea focalspecialized aofa member memberWMO agency where of WMOof thethe Head inUnitedin 1111 of February February Nationsthe Center 2003. (UN)2003. is theThewith The Permanent NCHM 193NCHM Member is Representativeisthe the nationalStates national and (PR)designatedTerritories.designated of Bhutan focal Itfocal is with oftheof WMOWMO UNWMO. system's where WMO thethe authoritative CongressHeadHead of of the the is voice Center heldCenter everyon is is thethe the four Permanentstate Permanent years and andRepresentativebehaviour Representative the Eighteen of the World(PR)Earth's(PR) of of atmosphere,MeteorologicalBhutan Bhutan withwith its WMO.WMO. interactionCongress WMO with(Cg CongressCongress- 18)the landwas is is held heldandheld every oceans, everyfrom four four 3the -years years14weather andJune and the and 2019the E ighteen climateE ighteenat the it InternationalWorldproducesWorld MeteorologicalMeteorological and theConference resulting Congress Centerdistributio of(Cg(Cg nGeneva -of-18)18) water waswas (CICG). resources. heldheld from fromAs per3 -3 -14 the14 June ArticleJune 2019 20197(b) at ofatthe the International Conference Center of Geneva (CICG). As per the Article 7(b) of the ConventionInternational of Conference WMO, the CenterDirector of as Geneva the PR (CICG).of Bhutan As with per WMO the Article attended 7(b) the of Cg18 the BhutanConvention became of WMO,a member the Directorof WMO as inthe 11 PR February of Bhutan 2003. with TheWMO NCHM attended is the Cg18national alongConvention with otofher WMO, delegations the Director from asthe the Ministry PR of Bhutanof Foreign with Affairs WMO withattended funding the Cg18from alongdesignatedalong with with focal ototherher of delegationsdelegations WMO where from the thethe Head MinistryMinistry of the ofCenterof Foreign Foreign is theAffairs Affairs Permanent with with funding Representative funding from from World(PR)World of Bank. Bank.Bhutan with WMO. WMO Congress is held every four years and the Eighteen World Meteorological Congress (Cg-18) was held from 3- 14 June 2019 at the WMOWMO CongressCongress isis supremesupreme body thatthat meetsmeets onceonce every every four four years years to todetermine determine the the Internationalpolicy, governance Conference and strategic Center plans of Geneva of the organization. (CICG). As The per Secretariat the Article is headed7(b) of by the policy, governance and strategic plans of the organization. The Secretariat is headed by ConventionSecretary General. of WMO, the Director as the PR of Bhutan with WMO attended the Cg18 Secretary General. along with other delegations from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs with funding from World Bank. Figure 48: Eighteen World Meteorological Congress (Cg Figure-18), 3 48:- 14 Eighteen June 2019 World at the Meteorological International Conference Congress WMO Congress is supreme body that meets once every four years to determine the Center(Cg-18), of Geneva3- 14 June (CICG). 2019 at the International Conference policy, governance and strategic plans ofCenter the organization. of Geneva (CICG). The Secretariat is headed by Secretary General.

On the sideline of WMO Congress at Geneva, Director, On Figure the 48: sidelineNCHM Eighteen of Worldmade WMO Meteorologicala Congresscourtesy Congressatcall Geneva, to Director,(CgOn -18),the 3sideline- 14NCHM June of2019 WMOmade at the InternationalCongressa courtesy at Conference Geneva,call to CenterDirector, of Geneva NCHM (CICG). made a courtesy call to Page 51 of 75 Page 51 of 75 On the sideline of WMO Congress at Geneva, NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYDirector, NCHM2019 made a courtesy Pagecall 51to51 of 75

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Figure 47: International experts and participants from WMO Member States from the National Figure 47: International experts and participants from WMOMeteorological Member States and from Hydrological the National Services (NMHS) of RA-II region attending the WGHS, Thimphu Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) of RA-II region attending the WGHS, Thimphu 22.2 World Meteorological Congress (WMO) 22.2 World Meteorological Congress (WMO) WMO is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with 193 Member States and WMO is a specialized agency of the United NationsTerritories. (UN) with It is 193 the MemberUN system's States authoritative and voice on the state and behaviour of the Territories. It is the UN system's authoritative voiceEarth's on atmosphere, the state and its behaviourinteraction of with the the land and oceans, the weather and climate it Earth's atmosphere, its interaction with the land producesand oceans, and thethe weatherresulting and distributio climaten itof water resources. produces and the resulting distribution of water resources. Bhutan became a member of WMO in 11 February 2003. The NCHM is the national Bhutan became a member of WMO in 11 Februarydesignated 2003. focalThe NCHMof WMO is where the national the Head of the Center is the Permanent Representative designated focal of WMO where the Head of the (PR)Center of isBhutan the Permanent with WMO. Representative WMO Congress is held every four years and the Eighteen (PR) of Bhutan with WMO. WMO Congress is Worldheld every Meteorological four years and Congress the Eighteen (Cg-18) was held from 3- 14 June 2019 at the World Meteorological Congress (Cg-18) was Internationalheld from 3Conference- 14 June Center2019 atof theGeneva (CICG). As per the Article 7(b) of the International Conference Center of Geneva (CICG).Convention As per of WMO,the Article the Director7(b) of asthe the PR of Bhutan with WMO attended the Cg18 Convention of WMO, the Director as the PR of alongBhutan with with ot herWMO delegations attended fromthe Cg18 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs with funding from along with other delegations from the Ministry Worldof Foreign Bank. Affairs with funding from World Bank. WMO Congress is supreme body that meets once every four years to determine the WMO Congress is supreme body that meets oncepolicy, every governance four years and to strategic determine plans the of the organization. The Secretariat is headed by policy, governance and strategic plans of the organization.Secretary General. The Secretariat is headed by Secretary General. Figure 48: Eighteen World Meteorological Congress Figure 48: Eighteen World Meteorological Congress (Cg-18), 3- 14 June 2019 at the International Conference (Cg-18), 3- 14 June 2019 at the International Conference Center of Geneva (CICG). Center of Geneva (CICG).

On the sideline of WMO Congress at Geneva, On the sideline of WMO Congress at Geneva, Director, NCHM made a courtesy call to SecretaryDirector,Secretary NCHMGeneral,General, made WMO.WMO. a ProfessorcourtesyProfessor callPetteri Petteri to Taalas, Taalas, SG, SG, WMO WMO was was instrumental instrumental in in initiatinginitiating “Strengthening“Strengthening HydroHydro-meteorological-meteorological ServicesServices forfor BhutanBhutan (SHSD)(SHSD) implementedimplemented byby erstwhileerstwhile DepartmentDepartment of of Hydro Hydro-met-met Services Services (DHMS), (DHMS), MoEA MoEA Pagefrom from 51 of 75 20132013 toto 20162016 inin collaboratio collaborationn with with the thePage Finnish Finnish 51 of 75Meteorological Meteorological Institute Institute (FMI). (FMI). Professor Professor TaalasTaalas waswas the the Director Director General General of of FMI FMI before before he he was was appointed appointed as as the the Secretary Secretary General General ofof WMO.WMO.

FFiigugurere 49 49:: D Direcirectotorr NC NCHHMM w witith hS ecreSecretatryary G Geneernerala, lWM, WMO Oat aWMt WMO OSecre Secretartiaarti,a Gt,e Gnevenaev a 22.3 Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) 22.3 Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC)

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the United Nations body for The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the United Nations body for assessing the science related to climate change. The IPCC provides regular assessments assessing the science related to climate change. The IPCC provides regular assessments of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for of the scientific basis of climate change, its impacts and future risks, and options for adaptation and mitigation. IPCC was created by the World Meteorological Organization adaptation and mitigation. IPCC was created by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The IPCC is an (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The IPCC is an organization of government that are members of the United Nations or WMO. Each IPCC organization of government that are members of the United Nations or WMO. Each IPCC member government has a National Focal Point identified by the relevant authorities of member government has a National Focal Point identified by the relevant authorities of the Country. IPCC National Focal Points prepare and update the list of national experts to helpthe Country. implement IPCC the IPCCNational work Focal program. Points prepare and update the list of national experts to help implement the IPCC work program. The National Center for Hydrology and Meteorology (NCHM) is designated National FocalThe National point by theCenter Ministry for Hydrology of Foreign andAffairs Meteorology vide letter no.(NCHM) MFA/MD/ is designated 45/817/118 National dated SeptemberFocal point 18, by 2015the Ministry to “Prepare of Foreign and update Affairs the vide list letter of national no. MFA/MD/ experts as45/817/118 required todated helpSeptember implement 18, 2015the IPCC to “Prepare work programme, and update and the to listarran of genational the provision experts of as integrated required to commentshelp implement on the the accuracy IPCC workand completenessprogramme, andof the to scientificarrange theand/or provision technical of integratedcontent andcomments the overall on thescientific accuracy and/or and technical completeness balance of of the the scientific drafts”. and/or technical content and the overall scientific and/or technical balance of the drafts”.

52 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 52 o 2019f 75 Page 52 of 75

During the FY 2018-2019, officials from the center attended the following IPCC Meeting with funding from the IPCC Trust. DuriDuriDuringngng the thethe FY FY FY 2018 2018 2018-2019,-2019,-2019, officials officials officials from from from the the the c center entercenter attended attended attended the the thefo following llowingfollowing IPCC IPCC IPCC Meeting Meeting Meeting withwithwithSl.DuriDuri fundingNo fundingngfundingng the IPCCthe fromFY from FYfrom 2018 Meeting 2018the the the IPCC- -IPCC2019, 2019,IPCC Trust. Trust. officialsofficialsTrust. from the ccenterenter attendedattendedDate the the fo followingllowingVenue IPCC IPCC Meeting Meeting withwith funding funding from from the the IPCCIPCC Trust.Trust. Sl.Sl.Sl.1 No NoNo IPCCIPCCIPCCMr. K Meeting aMeeting rMeetingma Dup c hu , Director attended the Forty-Eight DateDateDate1 - 5 VenueVenueVenueIn c heon , Republic of Sl.Sl. No No IPCCSIPCCession Meetingo Meetingf the IPCC (IPCC-48) for consider the Special DateDateOctobe r, VenueVenueKorea, MMr.r K. Karamrma aD Dupupchuchu, D, Diriecrectotro ra ttattendendede dt hteh eF Forotryty-E-Eighight t 1-15- 5 InIcnhcehoneon, R, Repubepublilic co fo f 11 1 MRre.po Kratr mGlaob Daupl Wchuar,m Diingrec otof r1 a.5tt0e ndC e d the Forty-Eight 1-2015 8 Incheon, Republic of 1 1 SSeSssMeessMissroni.ron i.Kon oK afo ar oftmr hfmt ehatha e ID ePDI PupCCIupPCCCCcc hu(Ihu (IP ,(I,P C DDPCCiCir-rec48Cec-48-t)t48oo )frr o f) aro f ttttrco eoncrnd oncsoniesddieds rtiehd rte ht r ehF etSpoho rSperttec yySpec--iEEaeciilaigh ghli atlt OOctcobeOt1obe1c-t5-robe5 ,r , r, KKoroeaKrIeano,I cnr,hea ceh,one on, R, eRpubepublicli ocf o f 0 0 2 RReRSDpoeeSpoerpossre. tssrS itGron itiGngay onlGobl obol oboaf lfa t DalWht hlWeo eaW rjiI raIPmrPa,CCm rCCiCmnginghi ng(Iio(Ie foPfP ,fo1C C W.1fC5 C.15ea-- .48C548 tC0 he ))C f r o and r con Csliiidmeerar tttehh eeS SpeSprvececiceiiaa l l201 2012018O 8O8-12 cc8tobet ober,r , KKoroyoeareat,o ,, Japan (WReCpoSDrt ,G NlobCHalM W aattrmendinged o fth 1e. 5F00o Crt y -ninth Session of the 201201Ma8y,8 2019 DDrR.r S.e Sipongayingayrt G D lDoborjioarji,l C,W Chaiherimfe,f iW, ngWea eaotfhet he1r. 5rand and C C C lilmimataet eS Serevrivceice 8-128-12 KKyoyotot,o J, apaJapann 22 2 DIPr.CC Singay (IPC DCo-49rji,) Cfohri ethf,e W adopeathetionr and and C accelimaptet aSnecerv iocef the 8-12 Kyoto, Japan (W(WCCSSDD, N, NCCHHMM a ttattendendede dt hteh eF Forotryty-n-innitnht hS Sessessionion o fo ft hteh e MMay,ay, 201 2019 9 2 2 (DMWDreC.r t.ShodoS SiDngayingay, NlogyC D HDo MoRrjirjie a,po ,ttC Cerhndth iititleeeff,d, e W Wdth ea“2019eea Fttheorrty andR-neifn iCnthell iimSmeeaassntteeti on StSoee rtorvhvfie icet ceh e M8-128-12 ay, 2019 KKyoyotot,o J,apa Japan n IPIPCCCC(W (I C(IPSPCDCC,C- N49-49C) H)f ofMro r ta httteh eand dopadopedti titonhone aF ndaondr taccey acce-nipntpahtna Scenecess o foion ft ht eho ef the May, 2019 I(2006PWCCCS (IIDPPCC,C NCC -G49HuMi)d f eoalirttn etehndse feaodopdr tNhtiea ontiFonao artndyl -G nacceirneenhouthp Staensscesieon oGf aotshf et h e May, 2019 MMMeteIhodoetPhodotCChodol ogy(IlogylPogyC R CRe R-poe49poepor)tr tftitlr ottitl rtitle tdeh de“2019 d “2019a dop“2019 tiR onRe feRi faneindenfimenm acceenmetn etn optt ot a httnoehce eth eo f the IPnvCCen t(IorPieCsC” -(492019) fo Rr tehfein aedopmentiton). and acceptance of the 200620062006M Ie PI tPICChodoPCCCC G lG uogyGiuduiedi lideRlienelienposen sefr ostf rotitlf roN rNea dNtia tionaa“2019onational lG G lrR eenhouGreeenhourfeenhouinemses neGs tG eat osaG st ahse InvInvMeneetntohodotroireise”sl ”ogy( 2019(2019 R eR poReferifnti entitlmemendetn )“2019t.) . Refinement to the I2006nv2006en tIo PIrPiCCeCCs” G (G2019uuididee liRlinneeefsis n ffeoomrr NeNnaatti)ti.ona l Greenhoussee GGaass Inventories” (2019 Refinement). Inventories” (2019 Refinement).

! ! ! FFiFguiguigurere re50 50 50: :D :Du Druirungirngi ngI PIPCC ICCPCC M Mee Meetieetngingt iing ni nK iKonreo Kreao a(re abo(aboa (veabove) )and veand) Jand apanJapan!! Japan ( b(ebleol (wobw)e )l ow) Figure 50: During IPCC Meeting in Korea (above) and Japan (below) Figure 50: During IPCC Meeting in Korea (above) and !Japan (below) thth Figure 50: During IPthCC Meeting in Korea (above) and Japan (below) 22.422.422.4 RRIRMIMIEMESES 1 S10 01 0A Annu nnuAnnuaal lP aPrlogr Pogrogarammr aM mMee eeMtitneeingg,t i,Bn Bagan, ngBgkakonokgk, k,T oThkha,a ilTilahandandil fa rfndoromm f1r 12o2-m14-14 1 N2 Nov-14ove meNmbovberere,m ,201 201ber88 , 2018 th 22.4 22.4 RRIMIMESE S1 010 tAh Annunnuala Pl Progrograrmam M Meeeetitningg, ,B Baannggkkookk, ,T Thhaaililaandnd f frroomm 1 122--1414 NNovoveemmbberer,, 20120188 RegionalRegional IntegratedIntegrated MultiMulti-Hazard-Hazard EarlyEarly WarningWarning SystemSystem (RIMES)(RIMES) forfor IndianIndian OceanOcean Regional Integratedth Multi-Hazard Early Warning System (RIMES) for Indian Ocean isis 22.4an an inter interR-Igovernmental,-Mgovernmental,ES 10 Annu nonanonl P-rprofit-ogprofitram organization Morganizationeeting, Ban gregisteredregisteredkok, Thail awithwithnd f r theothem 1 United2United-14 N ov Nations,Nations,ember, 201 8 RegionalisRegional an inter Integrated -Integratedgovernmental, Multi Multi -nonHazard-Hazard-profit EarlyEarly organization WarningWarning SystemregisteredSystem (RIMES)(RIMES) with the forfor United IndianIndian Nations,OceanOcean underunder ArticleArticle 102102 ofof thethe UnitedUnited NationsNations CharterCharter mandatedmandated toto provideprovide regionalregional earlyearly isunderis an an inter Articleinter-governmental,-governmental, 102 of the nonUnitednon-profit-profit Nations organizationorganization Charter registered registeredmandated withwith to providethethe UnitedUnited regional Nations,Nations, early warningwarning services services within within the the framework framework of of IOC/UNESCO IOC/UNESCO and and WMO WMO to to build build capacity capacity of of underwarningRegionalunder Article Article services Integrated 102 102 within of of Multithe the the United -United Hazardframework Nations NationsEarly of WarningCharterIOC/UNESCOCharter mandated mandatedSystem and (RIMES) to toWMO provideprovide to for build regionalregional Indian capacity earlyearlyOcean of itsits members’ members’ countries countries in in the the early early warning warning of of tsunami tsunami and and other other hydro hydro-meteorological-meteorological warningisitswarning an members’ inter services services-governmental, countries within within thein the non theframework framework -earlyprofit warning organization of of IOC/UNESCO IOC/UNESCO of tsunami registered and andand WMO otherWMOwith hydro totheto buildbuild United-meteorological capacitycapacity Nations, ofof itsunderits members’ members’ Article countries 102countries of thein in the Unitedthe early early Nationswarning warning Charterof of tsunami tsunami mandated andand otherother to hydroprovidehydro--meteorologicalmeteorological regional early warning services within the framework of IOC/UNESCO and WMO to buildPPag agcapacitye e5 533 o of f7 75 of5 its members’ countries in the early warning of tsunami and other hydro-meteorologicalPage 53 o f 75 PPagagee 5533 ooff 7755

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 5353 of 75

23. Important Events hazards and risks. Currently there are 22 member and 19 collaborating countries working with RIMES. 23.1 UNDP Administrator Visited NWFWC

Based on the invitation letter of RIMES, Director and Mr. Sangay Tenzin, Offtg. Chief, Hydrology and Water Resources Services Division (HWRSD) of NCHM attended the His Excellency Mr. Achim Steiner, UNDP Administrator and UN Under-Secretary RIMES 10th Annual Program Meeting held in Bangkok, Thailand from 12-14 November, General visited Bhutan in march 2019 to Co-Chair for the 14th Round Table Meeting for 2018. Enhancing Happiness and Sustainable Development through Partnerships organised by UNDP and held from 12-14 March 2019, Thimphu. During his stay in Thimphu His Officials from Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, Comoros, Djibouti, India, Lao PDR, Excellency visited the National Weather and Flood Warning Center (NWFWC) of the Maldives, Mongolia, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Center that is operational 24/7 on 12 March 2019. He was accompanied by Ms. Azusa Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Tonga, Thailand, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam and the Kubota, UNDP Resident Representative, Mr. Jürgen Nagler, UNDP Deputy Resident representative from WMO, UNESCAP, FAO, WFP, World Bank, Asian Development Representative and other officials from UNDP. Bank, UK Met Office, and European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) attended the meeting.

Figure 51:RIMES 10th Annual Program Meeting, Bangkok, Thailand 12-14 November, 2018

Figure 52: UNDP Administrator with Director, NCHM

Figure 53: Administrators visit to NWFWC 54 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 54 2019 of 75

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23. Important Events 23. Important Events 23.1 UNDP Administrator Visited NWFWC 23.123. UNDPImportant Administrator Events Visited NWFWC 23.1 UNDP Administrator Visited NWFWC His Excellency23.His ExcellencyImportant Mr. Mr. EventsAchim Achim Steiner, Steiner, UNDPUNDP Administrator and and UN UN Under Under-Secretary-Secretary General23.1GeneralHis visited ExcellencyUNDP visited Bhutan Administrator Bhutan Mr. in Achim inmarch march Steiner, Visited2019 2019 to toNWFWCUNDP CoCo--Chair Administrator forfor the the 14th 14th and Round Round UN Table Under Table Meeting-Secretary Meeting for for General visited Bhutan in march 2019 to Co-Chair for the 14th Round Table Meeting for EnhancingEnhancing 23. ImportantHappiness Happiness Events and and Sustainable Sustainable DevelopmentDevelopment throughthrough Partnerships Partnerships organised organised by by UNDPUNDPHisEnhancing23.1 and Excellency UNDPandheld Happinessheld fromAdministrator Mr.from 12 Achim and-1214- 14 SustainableMarch Visited MarchSteiner, NWFWC2019, 2019, UNDPDevelopment Thimphu.Thimphu. Administrator through During During Partnershipsand his his stayUN stay inUnder Thimphuinorganised -ThimphuSecretary Hisby His ExcellencyGeneralUNDPExcellency visitedand visited visitedheld Bhutanthe from the National 12Nationalin -march14 March Weather Weather2019 2019, to Co andand Thimphu.-Chair Flood for Warning Warning theDuring 14th CenterRoundhis Center stay (NWFWC)Table in (NWFWC) Thimphu Meeting of Histhefor of the ExcellencyHis Excellency visited Mr. the Achim National Steiner, Weather UNDP and Administrator Flood Warning and UNCenter Under (NWFWC)-Secretary of the CenterEnhancingCenter that thatis operational Happinessis operational and 24/7 24/7Sustainable on on 12 12 March March Development 2019. He Hethrough was was accompanied accompaniedPartnerships by organised Ms.by Ms.Azusa byAzusa UNDPKubota,CenterGeneral that and visitedUNDP isheld operationalBhutan Residentfrom in 12 march -24/714Representative, March 2019on 12 to 2019, MarchCo- Chair Mr.Thimphu. 2019. Jürgenfor the He 14th NagDuringwas Roundler, accompanied hisUNDP Table stay DeputyMeetingin byThimphu Ms. Residentfor Azusa His Kubota, UNDP Resident Representative, Mr. Jürgen Nagler, UNDP Deputy Resident RepresentativeExcellencyKubota,Enhancing UNDP Happiness visited and Resident otherthe and National officials SustainableRepresentative, Weather from Development UNDP. andMr. Flood Jürgen through Warning Nag Partnershipsler, CenterUNDP (NWFWC)organisedDeputy Residentby of the Representative CenterRepresentativeUNDP andthat andheldis operational and otherfrom other 12officials- 14officials 24/7 March onfrom from 2019,12 UNDP.March UNDP. Thimphu. 2019. DuringHe was his accompanied stay in Thimphu by Ms. His Azusa Kubota,Excellency UNDP visited Resident the National Representative, Weather and Mr.Flood Jürgen Warning Nag Centerler, UNDP (NWFWC) Deputy of theResident Center that is operational 24/7 on 12 March 2019. He was accompanied by Ms. Azusa Representative and other officials from UNDP. Kubota, UNDP Resident Representative, Mr. Jürgen Nagler, UNDP Deputy Resident

Representative and other officials from UNDP.

Figure 52: UNDP Administrator with Director, NCHM Figure 52: UNDP Administrator with Director, NCHM

FigureFigureFigure 52: 52: 52: UNDP UNDP Administrator Administrator Administrator with with withDirector, Director, Director, NCHM NCHM NCHM

Figure 53: Administrators visit to NWFWC Figure 53: Administrators visit to NWFWC

Figure 53: Administrators visit to NWFWC NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 5555 of 75 Page 55 of 75 Page 55 of 75

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Figure 54: Appreciation Letter from the UNDP Administrator NCHMFigure 54: was Appreciation honoured Letter to fromreceive the UNDPappreciation Administrator from the UNDP Administrator for the importantNCHM was work honoured that our to Centrereceive has appreciation been doing from towards the UNDPdisaster Administrator preparedness forand the partneringimportant withwork UNDPthat our for Centresuccessful has implementationbeen doing towards of NAPA disaster-I and preparedness II Projects inand Bhutan.partnering with UNDP for successful implementation of NAPA-I and II Projects in Bhutan.

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23.2 Green Climate Fund (GCF) delegation visited GLOF EWS Control 23.223.2 Room,23.2 G reenWangdue.Green GClimatereen Climate Climate Fund Fund (GCF)Fund (GCF) (GCF)delegation delegation delegation visited visited visitedGLOF GLOF GLOFEWS EWS ControlEWS Control Control Room,Room, Room,Wangdue. Wangdue. Wangdue. 23.2 Green Climate Fund (GCF) delegation visited GLOF EWS Control GCF delegationsRoom, Wangdue. from GCF, HQ, South Korea visited GLOF EWS Control Room today. GCF GCF delegationsGCF delegations delegations from from GCF, from GCF, HQ, GCF, HQ, South HQ, South Korea South Korea visitedKorea visited GLOFvisited GLOF EWSGLOF EWS Control EWS Control Control Room Room today.Room today. today. TheThe Thedelegation delegationThe 23.2delegation delegation was wasG wasreenaccompanied wasaccompanied accompanied Climate accompanied Fundby Dashoby (GCF) byDashoDasho Dzongda,Dasho delegation Dzongda, Dzongda, Dzongda, Dzongkhag visitedDzongkhag Dzongkhag Dzongkhag GLOF officials officials EWS officials of Control Wangdiof Wangdi ofof Wangdi Wangdi andand andGCFby by officialsand byofficials delegations officialsbyRoom, officials from from Wangdue. from UNDP,from from UNDP, UNDP, GCF, UNDP, GNHC GNHCHQ,GNHC GNHCand South andNEC.and and KoreaNEC. NEC. NEC. visited GLOF EWS Control Room today. DirectorThe delegation and Chief, was HOID accompanied of NCHM by Dasho and controlDzongda, room Dzongkhag staff of officials Wangdi of receivedWangdi the DirectorDirectorandDirector by and officials andChief, and Chief, from HOIDChief, HOIDUNDP, ofHOID NCHMof GNHC NCHMof NCHM and and and controlNEC. and control controlroom room staff room staff of staff Wangdiof Wangdiof Wangdi received received received the the the delegationsdelegationsdelegationsGCFdelegations delegations and and andmade andmade frommade presentationmade GCF, presentationpresentation presentationHQ, Southof NCHMof ofKorea ofNCHMNCHM NCHMvisitedmandates mandates mandates GLOFmandates and EWS andfunctions, and and Controlfunctions, functions, RoomEWS. EWS. today. AndEWS.EWS. And And And discusseddiscusseddiscussedDirectorThediscussed delegationabout about and about future about Chief,future futurewas projects future accompanied HOIDprojects projects projects to of be toNCHM submitted be byto submittedsubmittedbeDasho andsubmitted to Dzongda,control GCF. to to GCF. to GCF. roomGCF. Dzongkhag staff of officials Wangdi of receivedWangdi the delegationsand by officials and from made UNDP, presentation GNHC and of NEC. NCHM mandates and functions, EWS. And discussedDirector andabout Chief, future HOID projects of NCHMto be submitted and control to GCF.room staff of Wangdi received the delegations and made presentation of NCHM mandates and functions, EWS. And discussed about future projects to be submitted to GCF.

FigureFigure 55:Figure Green 55: Green55: Climate Green Climate FundClimate Fund (GCF) Fund (GCF) delegation (GCF) delegation delegation visited visited GLOF visited GLOF EWS GLOF EWS EWS

FigureFigure 55: 55: Green Green Climate FundFund (GCF) (GCF) delegation delegation visited visited GLOF GLOF EWS EWS

23.323.3 23.3Australia Australia Australia AwardsFigure Awards 55:Awards Regional Green Regional Climate Regional Alumni Fund Alumni Alumni(GCF) participants’ participants’ delegation participants’ visited visited visitedGLOF visitedNational EWS National National Center Center Centerfor for for

HydrologyHydrologyHydrology and and Meteorology, and Meteorology, Meteorology, November November November 27, 2018.27, 27,2018. 2018. 23.323.3 AustraliaAustralia Awards Awards RegionalRegional AlumniAlumni participants’ participants’ visited visited National National Center Center for for AustraliaAustraliaAustralia Awards Awards Awards Regional Regional Regional Alumni Alumni Alumni as the as Championstheas theChampions Champions for thefor forEnvironmentalthe theEnvironmental Environmental Protection Protection Protection 23.3Hydrology HydrologyAustralia andAwards and Meteorology, Meteorology, Regional Alumni NovemberNovember participants’ 27, 27, 2018. 2018. visited National Center for and andClimateand Climate HydrologyClimate Action Action ActionWorkshop and Workshop Meteorology, Workshop was washeld was Novemberheld in held Thimphu,in Thimphu,in 27, Thimphu, 2018. Bhutan Bhutan Bhutanfrom from 25 from- 2825 -November,2825 -28November, November, 2018.Australia2018.Australia The2018. The fieldAwards TheAwards field trip field trip toRegional Regional NCHM tripto NCHM to NCHM was AlumniAlumni wasorganized was organized asas organized thethe by Champions Championsthe by Australiatheby theAustralia forAustralia forAwards the the AwardsEnvironmental Awards EnvironmentalBhutan Bhutan Bhutanoffice officeProtection as office Protectiona as a as a Australia Awards Regional Alumni as the Champions for the Environmental Protection partand partandof Climate thepart ofClimate Regionalthe of theRegionalAction Action Regional Australia Workshop AustraliaWorkshop Australia Awards Awards was Awards Alumni held heldAlumni Alumni workshop inin Thimphu,workshopThimphu, workshop on 27 Bhutanon BhutanNovember, 27on November,27 from November, from 252018.- 28 252018. Besides- November,282018. BesidesNovember, Besides 2018.and Climate The field Action trip toWorkshop NCHM waswas organized held in Thimphu, by the Australia Bhutan fromAwards 25 -Bhutan28 November, office as a visiting2018.visiting2018. visiting Thethe The National thefield field theNational trip National trip Weather to to Weather NCHMNCHM Weather and wasandFloodwas and organizedFlood organized Warning Flood Warning byWarning Center theby CenterAustraliathe (NWFWC)Center Australia (NWFWC) Awards (NWFWC) andAwards Bhutan andparticipants and participants Bhutanoffice participants as has officea has has as a interactionpartinteractionpart ofinteraction ofthe thesession Regional Regionalsession sessionwith Australiawith Australiathe with NCHMthe theNCHM AwardsAwards NCHM Management. Management. AlumniAlumni Management. workshop Theworkshop Theparticiants The particiants on on particiants27 27November,were November, were led were byled 2018. Mr.ledby 2018. Mr.by RodBesides Mr. Rod Besides Rod visitingpart of thethe RegionalNational Australia Weather Awards and Flood Alumni Warning workshop Center on (NWFWC)27 November, and 2018. participants Besides has Sollesta,visitingSollesta,visitingSollesta, Deputythe the DeputyNational National DeputyTeam Team Weather Leader,WeatherTeam Leader, Leader, Australia andand AustraliaFlood Flood Australia AwardsWarning Warning Awards Awards SoutCenter SoutCenterh and(NWFWC)South andWest h(NWFWC) and West Asia, andWest Asia, participants Colombo, Asia,and Colombo, participants Colombo, hasSri Sri Sri has interaction session with the NCHM Management. The particiants were led by Mr. Rod Lanka.interactionLanka.interaction Lanka.One One ofsession Onesession theof theemployeesof with with theemployees employeesthethe NCHM(Mr.NCHM (Mr. Ugyen (Mr.Management. Management.Ugyen UgyenChhophel, Chhophel, Chhophel,The Statistician)Theparticiants Statistician) particiants Statistician) were of theled ofwere theCenterofby Mr.theledCenter CenterRodalsoby alsoMr. also Rod receivedreceivedSollesta,Sollesta,received the Australian theDeputyDeputy theAustralian Australian Team Award AwardLeader,Leader, inAward the in Australia Australiainthe in 2018 thein 2018 intoAwards Awards2018 pursue to pursue toSout MasterpursueSouth Master andh MasterandCourse West CourseWest CourseAsia,in Australia.Asia, in Colombo, Australia. in Colombo, Australia. Sri Sri Sollesta,Lanka. DeputyOne of Teamthe employees Leader, (Mr.Australia Ugyen Awards Chhophel, Sout Statistician)h and West of Asia,the Center Colombo, also Sri FigureFigureLanka. 56:Figure Australia 56: One Australia56: Australia ofAwards the Awards employeesRegional Awards Regional Regional Alumni (Mr. Alumni participants’ AlumniUgyen participants’ participants’ Chhophel, visited visited NCHM, v isitedStatistician) NCHM, 28NCHM, November, 28 November, 28of November,the 2018 Center 2018 2018 also Lanka.receivedreceived One thethe of AustralianAustralian the employees AwardAward in in (Mr.the the in in 2018Ugyen 2018 to to pursueChhophel, pursue Master Master Statistician)Course Course in Australia. in Australia.of the Center also received the Australian Award in the in 2018 to pursue Master Course in Australia. FigureFigure 56: 56: AustraliaAustralia Awards RegionalRegional Alumni Alumni participants’ participants’ visited visited NCHM, NCHM, 28 November,28 November, 2018 2018 Figure 56: Australia Awards Regional Alumni participants’ visited NCHM, 28 November, 2018

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23.4 Launching of Scientific Reports and Website 23.4 Launching of Scientific Reports and Website Coinciding with World Water Day, 22 March, 2019 and to commemorate the World MeteorologicalCoinciding with Day, World 23 WaterMarch, Day, 2019 22 onMarch, the theme2019 and“ the to Sun,commemorate the Earth the and World the WeatherMeteorological”, Honourable Day, 23 LyonpoMarch, Yeshey2019 on Penjore, the theme Minister “ the of Sun, Agriculture the Earth and and Forests the (MoAF)Weather ”,formally Honourable launched Lyonpo Center’s Yeshey website: Penjore, www.nchm.gov.bt Minister of atAgriculture Hotel Le Meridian. and Forests (MoAF) formally launched Center’s website: www.nchm.gov.bt at Hotel Le Meridian. Honorable Sonam Lyonpo together with Chief Representative of World Bank, Resident HonorableRepresentative Sonam of UNDPLyonpo launched together three with scientificChief Representative reports publication of World under Bank, the StrategicResident ProgramRepresentative on Climate of UNDP Resilience launched (SPCR) three project scientific fund reports by World publication Bank, Thimphu. under the Strategic Programa. Analysis on Climate of Historical Resilience Climate (SPCR) and project Climate fund Projection by World for Bank, Bhutan Thimphu. b.a. ReassessmentAnalysis of Historical of Potentially Climate Dangerous and Climate Glacier Projection Lakes infor Bhutan Bhutan b.c. BhutanReassessment Glaciers of Inventory,Potentially 2018; Dangerous and Glacier Lakes in Bhutan d.c. CompendiumBhutan Glaciers of Inventory,Climate and 2018; Hydrological and Extremes in Bhutan since 1968 from d. Kuensel.Compendium of Climate and Hydrological Extremes in Bhutan since 1968 from Kuensel. These reports are made accessible to public and can be downloaded from the Center’s websiteThese reports http://www.nchm.gov.bt/home/pageMenu/32 are made accessible to public and can. be downloaded from the Center’s website http://www.nchm.gov.bt/home/pageMenu/32. The launching ceremony was also attended by representatives from United Nations offiThece, launching UNDP, Worldceremony Bank, was JICA, also attendedWWF, other by representativespartners and bilateral from United organizations, Nations memberoffice, UNDP, of parliament, World senior’sBank, JICA, government WWF, officials other partners from line and agencies. bilateral organizations, member of parliament, senior’s government officials from line agencies.

Figure 57:Chief Guest with Representatives from, International and line agencies Figure 57:Chief Guest with Representatives from, International and line agencies

58 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 58 2019 of 75 Page 58 of 75

FigureFigure 58: 58:Figure Reports Reports 58: Launched ReportsLaunched Launchedduring during the the during Event Event the Event

Figure 58: Reports Launched during the Event Figure 58: Reports Launched during the Event 23.5 23.5 Figure DeputationDeputation23.5 58: ReportsDeputation of of staff Launchedstaff on onof Special staffSpecial during on duty theSpecialduty Event Lunana Lunana duty Lunana

TheThe23.5 Center CenterDeputationThe is isCenterresponsible responsible ofis staffresponsible for for on operation operation Special for operation ofduty of Flood Flood Lunana Warningof Warning Flood OfficeWarning Office established established Office established at at Thanza, Thanza, at Thanza, 23.5 Deputation of staff on Special duty Lunana Lunana,TheLunana, 23.5Center Gasa Lunana,GasaDeputation is after responsibleafter Gasa the the 1994ofafter 1994 staff for GLOF.the GLOF.onoperation 1994 Special The TheGLOF. ofdutySite Site Flood OfficeLunanaThe Office WarningSite is isequippedOffice equipped Office is equippedwith establishedwith HF HF Wirelesswith Wireless at HF Thanza, andWireless and and The Center is responsible for operation of Flood Warning Office established at Thanza, mobileLunana,mobileThe c ommunication. mobilecCenterGasaommunication. after isc responsibleommunication. the 1994Flood Flood forGLOF. Warning operation WarningFlood The Warning Officeof SiteOffice Flood Office at Warningat OfficeThanza, isThanza, equipped atOffice under Thanza,under establishedwith Gasa GasaHFunder DzongkhagWireless atDzongkhag GasaThanza, andDzongkhag Lunana, Gasa after the 1994 GLOF. The Site Office is equipped with HF Wireless and communicatescommunicatesLunana,communicates Gasa directly directly after with thedirectlywith 1994GLOF GLOF withGLOF. EWS EWS GLOF TheControl Control SiteEWS Room,Office ControlRoom, isWangdi equippedWangdi Room, that Wangdi thatwith is is operationalHF operational that Wireless is operational 24/7. and24/7. 24/7. mobilemobile communication.communication. Flood Flood Warning Warning Office Office at Thanza,at Thanza, under under Gasa GasaDzongkhag Dzongkhag DueDue tomobile to remoteness remotenessDue c ommunication.to remoteness and and difficult difficult andFlood area, difficultarea, Warning the the Centerarea, Center Office the deputes deputes Centerat Thanza, a deputesateam team underof of atwo team twoGasa staff staffof Dzongkhagontwo on special staffspecial on special communicatescommunicates directly directly with with GLOF GLOF EWS EWS Control Control Room, Room, Wangdi Wangdi that is that operational is operational 24/7. 24/7. dutyduty tocommunicates to Lunana Lunanaduty to for Lunanafor directlya aperiod period for with of a of periodoneGLOF one year. year. EWSof oneTeam Team Control year. has has TeamRoom,to to undergo undergo hasWangdi to medical undergomedical that is checkoperational medicalcheck-up-up beforecheck 24/7.before- up before DueDue to to remoteness remoteness and and difficult difficult area, area, the theCenter Center deputes deputes a team a teamof two of staff two onstaff special on special theythey areDue are deputed. theydeputed.to remoteness are deputed. and difficult area, the Center deputes a team of two staff on special dutyduty to to Lunana Lunana for for a perioda period of oneof one year. year. Team Team has tohas undergo to undergo medical medical check -checkup before-up before duty to Lunana for a period of one year. Team has to undergo medical check-up before Mr.theyMr.they Tshering are Tsheringare deputed. Mr.deputed. WangchukTshering Wangchuk Wangchuk and and Mr. Mr. Sonam andSonam Mr. Dorji, Dorji,Sonam Hydro Hydro Dorji,-met-met Hydro Technician, Technician,-met Technician, volunteered volunteered volunteered for for for they are deputed. thisMr.this for forTshering the thethis FY FY for 2018Wangchuk 2018 the- 19FY-19 and 2018 and and left -left19 Mr.to andto Lunana SonamLunana left to via Dorji,viaLunana Gasa Gasa Hydro onvia on 27 Gasa27- metJuly July on Technician,2018. 2018.27 July Team Team 2018. volunteeredwas was Team provided provided was for provided Mr. TsheringMr. Tshering Wangchuk Wangchuk and Mr.and SonamMr. Sonam Dorji, Dorji, Hydro Hydro-met -Technician,met Technician, volunteered volunteered for for hathisthishandsnds for foron theon thehatraining FYtrainingnds FY 2018 on2018 in -trainingin19 HQ,- 19 HQ,and andThimphu left Thimphuin left toHQ, Lunanato ThimphuandLunana and fieldvia field Gasavia atand atGasaWangdi onWangdifield 27 on Julyat 27GLOF WangdiGLOF 2018.July EWS2018. Team EWSGLOF Control Teamwas Control EWS provided was Room ControlRoom provided for for Room for moremore thisthan than formore a theaweek week thanFY in2018 ain operationweek operation-19 and in leftoperationof of toGLOF GLOFLunana ofEWS, EWS,viaGLOF Gasa maintenance maintenance EWS, on 27 Julymaintenance of 2018.of equipment equipment Team of wasequipment and andprovided use use of andof use of hahandsndsha on ndson training trainingon training in inHQ, HQ,in ThimphuHQ, Thimphu Thimphu and and fieldand field fieldat Wangdi at at WangdiWangdi GLOF GLOF EWS EWS EWSControl ControlControl Room Room Roomfor for for communicationmoremorecommunication than thancommunication a aweek week system. system. in inoperation operationThey system.They are ofare responsibleTheyGLOFof responsible GLOF are EWS, responsible EWS, for maintenancefor physical physicalmaintenance for monitoring physical ofmonitoring equipment of equipmentmonitoring of of glacierand glacier use and of lakes of lakesglacier use in ofin lakes in LunanaLunanamore as Lunanaas thana ab ackup baackup weekas ato binto ackupAutomatic operationAutomatic to Automatic ofGLOF GLOFGLOF EWS EWS,EWSGLOF installed maintenanceinstalled EWS alonginstalled along of the equipmentthe alongPunakha Punakha the and- WangdiPunakha- useWangdi of - Wangdi communicationcommunicationcommunication system. system. system. They They Theyare areresponsible are responsible responsible for physicalfor for physicalphysical monitoring monitoring of glacier ofof glacier glacier lakes lakes inlakes in in ValleyLunanaLunanaValleyLunana and asand Valleyas transmita transmitaasb ackup b aandackup b dataackup transmittodata toAutomaticto to AutomaticWangdi Wangdi Automaticdata to GLOFControl WangdiControl GLOF GLOF EWS room Controlroom EWSEWS installed on on subinstalled installedroom sub- dailyalong-daily on alongbasissub thebasis- daily Punakha asthethe as per basisPunakhaperPunakha the -theWangdi asschedule. schedule. -perWangdi-Wangdi the schedule. ValleyValleyValley and and transmit and transmit transmit data data todata Wangdito toWangdi Wangdi Control Control Control room room room on sub on on- daily subsub-- dailybasis basisas per as as the per per schedule. the the schedule. schedule.

FigureFigure Figure Figure 59:59: 59: NHCMFigure NHCM59: NHCM LunanaLunana59: Lunana NHCM Lunana Old Old Old TeamLunana Team Old Team Team Old Team FigureFigureFigureFigure 60: NCHM60: 60: NCHMFigure NCHMNCHM Luanna Luanna60: Luanna Luanna New NCHM Team NewNew New Luanna Team Team New Team (2017(2017(2017-(20172018)-2018)-2018)- 2018)(2017 -2018) (2018(2018-(20182019)(2018-2019)- 2019)-2019)(2018 -2019) AtFigure the same 59: NHCM time NCHMLunana Old Team Team - Mr. Tshering Dorji and Mr.Figure Shyamnath 60: NCHM deputed Luanna on New the Team AtAt the theAt same sametheAt same timethe time same timeNCHM NCHM NCHMtime(2017 Team -TeamNCHM2018) Team - Mr.- Mr.Team- Mr. Tshering Tshering Tshering - Mr. DorjiTshering Dorji Dorji and andand DorjiMr. Mr. Shyamnath andShyamnath Mr.(2018 Shyamnath deputed deputed -deputed2019) on deputedon the the on the Special Duty for the (2017-2018) returned from Lunana after handing over the sites to the SpecialSpecialAt theSpecial Duty same DutySpecial Dutyfor time for the Duty forthe NCHM (2017 the (2017 for (2017 -the 2018)Team-2018) -(20172018) returned- returnedMr.- 2018)returned Tshering from returned from from Lunana DorjiLunana Lunana from andafter afterLunana Mr. handing handing Shyamnath after over over handingover the the deputedthe sitessites oversites to on theto the thesites to the new team. The team joined back to office on 24 August 2018. newSpecialnew team.new team. Dutynew team.The The team.forteam The team the team Thejoined (2017joined joinedteam back- 2018)back joined back to to officereturned to officeback office on to on from on24office 24 24August AugustLunana August on 24 2018. 2018.2018.afterAugust handing 2018. over the sites to the new team. The team joined back to office on 24 August 2018. Page 59 of 75 PagePagePage 59 59 ofof of Page7575 75 59 of 75

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NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 59

23.6 Asian Development Bank (ADB) Mission

NCHM management met with ADB mission team and Construction Development Corporation Limited (CDCL) of Bhutan on 6 May, 2019. The meeting discussed about NCHM support and partnership for the installation of Flood EWS and flood forecasting modelling for Ammochu under the Amochhu Land Development and Township Project (ALDTP) being implemented by CDCL under ADB support.

Since the installation of flood EWS is a planned activity for the Center in the 12 FYP, the meeting agreed to collaborate after finalizing the modalities between NCHM and project for the implementation of the flood forecasting and EWS to provide early warning services to the project during the construction and operational phase.

Figure 61: ADB Mission with NCHM Management(L) and mission visiting NWFWC (R)

23.7 JICA Team for Technical Cooperation Project

As a follow up to JICA TCP "Project for Enhancement of National Disaster Management Capacity in the Kingdom of Bhutan” implemented in the Mangdechhu and Chamkharchhu river basin, a second phase project proposal was submitted to JICA in 2015 to set up flood EWS in the Wangchhu basin.

Accordingly, JICA deputed six member detailed Planning Survey Team of the Technical Cooperation Project concerning "Project for Enhancement of National Disaster Management Capacity in the Kingdom of Bhutan" from 24 February to 16 March 2019. Team was led by Ms. Miko INAOKA, Sr. Deputy Director, Disaster Risk Reduction Group, Global Environment Department, JICA, HQ, Japan.

During their stay in Bhutan, JICA Survey team met with officials of the Department of Disaster Management (DDM), MoHCA, other relevant central and local government including international organizations in Bhutan. Team also visited the project target sites for the feasibility installation of flood EWS along the Thimphu and Parochhu. Flood EWS on Wangchhu will be establish in 12 FYP.

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Figure 62: JICA Team with NCHM Management Figure 62: JICA Team with NCHM Management Figure 62: JICA Team with NCHM Management

23.8 Royal Civil Service Award Ceremony 2018, 13 December, 2018

23.8 RoyalRoyal Civil Civil Service Service Award Award Ceremony Ceremony 2018, 2018,13 December, 13 December, 2018 2018 Civil Service Award of the NCHM was held on December 13, 2018 in the Conference Hall of Energy Building of MoEA. Civil ServiceService Award Award of ofthe theNCHM NCHM was heldwas onheld December on December 13, 2018 13, in 2018the Conference in the Conference HallThe Director,of of Energy Energy NCHM Building Building presented of MoEA.of MoEA. the Royal Civil Service Award medals to the officials of the NCHM in a simple ceremony. The recipients included nine Lifetime service The Director, NCHM presented the Royal Civil Service Award medals to the officials of awardees,The Director, six Gold, NCHM one Silverpresented and two the Bronze Royal medallistsCivil Service from Awardthe Head medals Quarter, to and the officials of the NCHM in a simple ceremony. The recipients included nine Lifetime service sitethe offices/stationsNCHM in a simple located ceremony. all over the Thecountry. recipients The Dedicated included Service nine LifetimeAwards service awardees, six Gold, one Silver and two Bronze medallists from the Head Quarter, and recognizes the completion of 10, 20 and 30 years in the service of the Tsa-Wa-Sum. siteawardees, offices/stations six Gold, located one allSilver over and the country.two Bronze The Dedicated medallists Service from Awardsthe Head Quarter, and Coincidingrecognizessite offices/stations thewith completion Civil Servicelocated of 10, Award, all 20 over and the the30 NCHM years country. in also the Theawarded service Dedicated ofCertificates the Tsa Service-Wa of- Sum. Awards Appreciationrecognizes the to the completion four Outstanding of 10, Employees20 and 30 ofyears the yearin the 2016 service-2017 ofand the five Tsa -Wa-Sum. Coinciding with Civil Service Award, the NCHM also awarded Certificates of Outstanding Employees of 2017-2018. Finally, Trashi Khadar with office orders were AppreciationCoinciding withto the Civil four OutstandingService Award, Employees the NCHM of the year also 2016 awarded-2017 andCertificates five of issued to 11 employees to those employees who were due for promotion from January Outstanding Employees of 2017-2018. Finally, Trashi Khadar with office orders were 2019Appreciation during the to ceremony. the four Outstanding Employees of the year 2016-2017 and five issuedOutstanding to 11 employees Employees to those of 2017 employees-2018. who Finally, were Trashidue for Khadarpromotion with from office January orders were

2019issued during to 11 the employees ceremony. to those employees who were due for promotion from January 2019 during the ceremony.

Figure 63: Civil Service Award of the Center, December 13, Figure 63: Civil2018 Service Award of the Center, December 13, 2018

Figure 63: Civil Service Award of the Center, December 13, NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 2018 61 Page 61 of 75

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24. Human Resources Development

24.1 Capacity Building and Human Resources Development (HRD)

Being a technical agency, NCHM continues to develop its human resources to provide adequate pool of qualified and well-trained professional, technical and administrative personal for effective and efficient delivery of services. With approved fund from RGoB and donor funded projects, NCHM for the FY 2018-2019 implemented a number of in country and ex-country trainings.

24.2 Long Term Study

Currently, following two officials are pursuing long-term studies in Australia.

Sl.No. Name/Designation Course Institute/Country Funding

1 Mr. Tshewang Masters in Water World Bank Rigzin, Engineer Resources Management

2 Mr. Ugyen Master of Australian Australia Awards Chhophel, Statistics/Master National Scholarship Statistician of Climate University Change

24.3 Ex-Country Training

Through the support of international, bilateral and projects funding program, NCHM employee attended various trainings outside in various countries for the FY 2018-2019.

Table 10: Summary of Ex-Country Training Sl. No. Number of Training Number of Officials attended 1. 20 55 The details of Ex-country trainings are given in annexure I

62 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 62 2019 of 75

Figure 64:A collage of ex-country training availed during 2018-2019 FY Figure 64:A collage of ex-country training availed during 2018-2019 FY

24.4 Ex-Country Meetings/Workshops/Conference 24.4 Ex-Country Meetings/Workshops/Conference As per the mandates of NCHM, during the FY 2018-2019 officials attended numbers of bilateral,As per the regional mandates and of internationalNCHM, during meetings the FY conferences2018-2019 officials and symposiums attended numbers related ofto weather,bilateral, climates,regional cryosphereand international and water meetings resources. conferences and symposiums related to weather, climates, cryosphere and water resources. Table 11: Summary of Ex-Country Meetings/Workshops/Conference TableSl. No 11: SummaryNumber of Ex of- CountryMeeting/Workshop Meetings/Workshops/Conference Number of Officials who attended Sl. No Number of Meeting/Workshop Number of Officials who attended 1. 44 48 1. 44 48 The details of Ex-country meeting/Workshop/Conference are given in annexure II The details of Ex-country meeting/Workshop/Conference are given in annexure II

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 6363 of 75 Page 63 of 75

Figure 65: A Collage of Ex-country Meetings/workshops/seminars attended by NCHM Officials FigureFigure 65: 65: A ACollage Collage of ofEx Ex-country-country Meetings/workshops/seminars Meetings/workshops/seminars attended attended by by NCHM NCHM Officials Officials Figure 65: A Collage of Ex-country Meetings/workshops/seminars attended by NCHM Officials 24.5 In-Country Trainings/Workshops/Seminars 24.524.5 InIn-Country-Country Trainings/Workshops/Seminars Trainings/Workshops/Seminars To 24.5 enhance In-Country skills and Trainings/Workshops/Seminars knowledge of employees working with equipment’s the Center To organizedTo enhance enhance workshop skills skills and andand knowledge knowledgerefreshers of courseof employees employees of the working fieldworking technicians with with equipment’s equipment’s and observers the the Center Centerfrom To enhance skills and knowledge of employees working with equipment’s the Center timeorganizedorganized to time workshop workshop to stay andabreast and refreshers refreshers with the course coursepace of ofof the modernizationthe field field technicians technicians of Hydro and and -observersMeteorological observers from from Figure 66: During the installation operation demonstration of AWOS equipment.timeorganizedtime to to time timeworkshop The to to stayofficials stay andabreast abreast refreshersalso with attendwith the coursethe workshops,pace pace ofof of themodernization modernization seminarsfield technicians and of of trainingsHydro Hydroand -observersMeteorological -Meteorologicalorganized from by otequipment.timeequipment.her toline time agencies. The toThe stayofficials officials abreast also also with attend attend the workshops, paceworkshops, of modernization seminars seminars and andof trainings Hydrotrainings-Meteorological organized organized by by otequipment.otherher line line agencies. agencies.The officials also attend workshops, seminars and trainings organized by 24.5.2 Wet Humidity Calibration Equipment Training other line agencies. 24.5.1 Training on installations, operations of the Aviation Met Station in the 24.5.1 24.5.1Airport T rainingTraining on on installations, installations, operations operations of of the the Aviation Aviation Met Met Station Station in in the the The supplier M/s Michell Instruments, UK, conducted one Automatic24.5.1Airport TAirportraining Weather on Observinginstallations, System operations (AWOS) of and the Ceilometers Aviation Metwere Stationinstalled inin thethe day hands on training workshop on demonstration of “Wet AutomaticParoAutomatic InternationalAirport Weather Weather Airport Observing Observing and System BumthangSystem (AWOS) (AWOS) domestic and and Ceilometersairport Ceilometers through were were the installed installedWorld inBank in the the humidity Calibration Equipment” in Thimphu. The ParoSupportedAutomaticParo International International WeatherProject Airport Observing“HydroAirport and- metand System Bumthang ServicesBumthang (AWOS) domestic& domestic Disaster and Ceilometersairport airport Resilience through through were Regionalthe theinstalled World World Project inBank Bankthe equipment was procured through NAPA-II project funded Supported(HSDRRP).ParoSupported International ProjectTheProject Center Airport “Hydro“Hydro in and- metcollaboration-met Bumthang ServicesServices thedomestic && Equipment DisasterDisaster airport Resilience ResilienceSupplier through conducted RegionaltheRegional World Projecton ProjectBank-site by LCDF-GEF through UNDP-Bhutan. Timely calibration of equipment is very important to ensure quality control of (HSDRRP).trainingSupported(HSDRRP). on installation, ProjectThe The Center Center“Hydro operation in in- metcollaboration collaboration andServices maintenance the &the EquipmentDisaster Equipment of the AWOSResilience Supplier Supplier and Ceilometerconducted Regionalconducted atProjecton onParo-site-site training(HSDRRP).training on on installation, Theinstallation, Center operation operationin thcollaboration and andth maintenance maintenance the Equipment of of the the AWOS AWOSSupplier and and Ceilometerconducted Ceilometer aton at Paro- siteParo data as the Center operates more than 150 Automatic international Airport from 26 to 28 October 2018. Hands on training was attended by Weather and Water Level stations across Bhutan. internatraininginternational ontional installation, Airport Airport from from operation 26 26th thto to and28 28th maintenancethOctober October 2018. 2018. of Handsthe Hands AWOS on on training trainingand Ceilometer was was attended attended at Paro by by technical staff from HQth and th operational staffs working at the airports. technicalinternatechnicaltional staff staffAirport fromfrom from HQ 26HQ toand and28 operationalOctoberoperational 2018. staffs staffsHands working onworking training at at was the theattended airports.airports. by technical staff from HQ and operational staffs working at the airports. Figure 67: Demonstration and hands-on training for calibration of Humidity sensors.

Page 65 of 75 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 64 Page 64 of 75 PagePage 64 64 of of 75 75 Page 64 of 75

Figure 65: A Collage of Ex-country Meetings/workshops/seminars attended by NCHM Officials

24.5 In-Country Trainings/Workshops/Seminars

Figure 66: During the installation operation demonstration of AWOS To enhance skills and knowledge of employees working with equipment’s the Center organized workshop and refreshers course of the field technicians and observers from Figure 66: During the installation operation demonstration of AWOS time to time to stay abreast with the pace of modernization of Hydro-Meteorological Figure 66: During the installation operation demonstration of AWOS 24.5.2 Wet Humidity Calibration Equipment Training equipment. The officials also attend workshops, seminars and trainings organized by other line agencies. 24.5.2 Wet Humidity Calibration Equipment Training The supplier M/s Michell Instruments, UK, conducted one 24.5.2day Wet hands Humidity on training Calibration workshop on demonstration Equipment of Training“Wet 24.5.1 Training on installations, operations of the Aviation Met Station in the The supplier M/s Michell Instruments, UK, conducted one Airport day handshumidity on training Calibration workshop Equipment” on demonstration in Thimphu of “Wet. The Automatic Weather Observing System (AWOS) and Ceilometers were installed in the humidityThe supplierequipment Calibration M/s was Michell procuredEquipment” Instruments,through NAPAin Thimphu -UK,II project conducted. fundedThe one Paro International Airport and Bumthang domestic airport through the World Bank equipmentday handsby LCDFwas on procured -trainingGEF through throughworkshop UNDP NAPA-Bhutan. on -demonstrationII Timelyproject calibration funded of “Wet Supported Project “Hydro-met Services & Disaster Resilience Regional Project byhumidity LCDFof- GEFequipment Calibration through is very UNDP importantEquipment”-Bhutan. to ensure Timely in quality calibrationThimphu control of. The data as the Center operates more than 150 Automatic (HSDRRP). The Center in collaboration the Equipment Supplier conducted on-site ofequipment equipment iswas very procured important through to ensure NAPA quality-II control project of funded by LCDFWeather-GEF and through Water Level UNDP stations-Bhutan. across Bhutan. Timely calibration training on installation, operation and maintenance of the AWOS and Ceilometer at Paro data as the Center operates more than 150 Automatic Weatherof equipment and Water is veryLevel important stations across to ensure Bhutan. quality control of international Airport from 26th to 28th October 2018. Hands on training was attended by data as the Center operates more than 150 Automatic technical staff from HQ and operational staffs working at the airports. WeatherFigure and 67: Water Demonstration Level and stations hands-on across training forBhutan. calibration of Figure 67: Demonstration and handsHumidity-on sensors. training for calibration of Humidity sensors.

Figure 67: Demonstration and hands-on training for calibration of Humidity sensors.

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24.5.3 Google Earth Engine (GEE) Training Google24.5.3 GoogleEarth Engine" Earth Engine (GEE) (GEE)is a new Training emerging technology that provides easy, web- basedGoogle access Earth to Engine" an extensive (GEE) catalogue is a new of emerging satellite imagery, technology other that geo provides-spatial data,easy, global web- basedwater andaccess climate to an data,extensive etc. These catalogue data ofsets satellite are stored imagery, in Google other Cloudgeo-spatial storage data, as globala part ofwater the andGoogle climate Cloud data, public etc. Thesedata program. data sets Realizing are stored the in importanceGoogle Cloud and storage benefit as of a suchpart resourcesof the Google for the Cloud Center, public the dataNational program. Center Realizing for Hydrology the importance and Meteorology and benefit conducted of such 5resources days training for the on Center, analysis the using National GEE Center from 10 for - Hydrology14 June 2019 and at Meteorology DGM conference conducted hall, Thimphu5 days training with expert on analysis from ICIMOD. using GEE The from World 10 -Bank 14 June Project 2019 funded at DGM the conferencetraining. hall, Thimphu with expert from ICIMOD. The World Bank Project funded the training.

Figure 68: GEE Training Participants with the Trainer Figure 68: GEE Training Participants with the Trainer 24.5.4 Dissemination Workshop of SPCR Project 24.5.4 Dissemination Workshop of SPCR Project To disseminate the findings of the studies, provide awareness on hydro-meteorology, Toclimate disseminate change andthe tofindings discuss of possible the studies, applications provide of awareness the results on of hydrothe SPCR-meteorology, technical studies,climate changeone-day and workshop to discuss was possible organized applications by the Center of the at Paroresults on of28th the May SPCR 2019. technical More thanstudies, 50 participantsone-day workshop across 40was different organized sectors by the including Center atrese Paroarch on and 28th education May 2019. institutes More attendedthan 50 participants the workshop. across 40 different sectors including research and education institutes attended the workshop.

Figure 69: Participants during the Workshop Figure 69: Participants during the Workshop

66 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 66 2019 of 75 Page 66 of 75

24.5.5 The Induction and Basic Operational Hydro-Met Course 24.5.5 The Induction and Basic Operational Hydro-Met Course During the FY 2018-2019, RCSC has redeployed more than 12 technicians to Center who Duringwere working the FY with2018 the-2019, Education RCSC hassector. redeployed Since thesemore techniciansthan 12 technicians came from to Center a different who field,were workingthe Center with conducted the Education induction sector. cum Since “Basic these Hydro technicians-met Operation” came from traininga different in Thimphufield, the beforeCenter deputingconducted to inductionthe sites. Trainingcum “Basic included Hydro hydro-met -meteorologyOperation” training principl esin andThimphu practical before hands deputing-on sessions. to the sites. Training included hydro-meteorology principles and practical hands-on sessions. The Certificates were awarded to all the participants after successfully completing of 6 daysThe Certificatestraining by thewere Director awarded on to28 thall December the participants 2018. after successfully completing of 6 days training by the Director on 28th December 2018.

Figure 70: Redeployed Technicians during Induction Course Figure 70: Redeployed Technicians during Induction Course

24.5.6 Training on Installation and Operation of Meteorological Station Based24.5.6 onTraining the request on Installation by the Royal and Bhutan Operation Army of (RBA), Meteorological the Center Station conducted 5 days trainingBased on on the “Installation request by andthe RoyalOperation Bhutan of Meteorological Army (RBA), theStation” Center for conducted 9 RBA officials 5 days fromtraining 20 -on24 August,“Installation 2018 .and Operation of Meteorological Station” for 9 RBA officials from 20-24 August, 2018. Dasho Chewang Rinzin, Dy. Chamberlain to the His Majesty the King/Director, Royal InstituteDasho Chewang for Governance Rinzin, Dy. and Chamberlain Strategic toStudies the His (RIGSS), Majesty thePhuentsholing, King/Director, awarded Royal CertificateInstitute for to participantsGovernance on and 24 AugustStrategic 2018. Studies (RIGSS), Phuentsholing, awarded Certificate to participants on 24 August 2018.

Figure 71: Participants with Dasho Chewang Rinzin and NCHM Management Figure 71: Participants with Dasho Chewang Rinzin and NCHM Management

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 6767 of 75 Page 67 of 75

24.5.7 Annual Refresher Course on Operational Hydrology and Meteorology

More than 65% of the Center employees are technicians, who observe and look after the hydro-met network stations located across the country. Since primary data collection are being done by them, to enhance their skills and knowledge with changing technology, the Centre conducted “Annual Refresher Course on Operational Hydrology & Meteorology” from 3rd to 12th April, 2019 (10 days) at the Center’s Regional Office, Kurjey, Bumthang. 26 hydro-met technicians from the site stations including 4 new engineers from head office attended the course. The course includes the sessions on basic hydro- meteorological principles, operations, monitoring & maintenance of the hydro met stations, data collection processes and practical sessions at field. Dasho Dzongda, Bumthang Dzongkhag Adminisrtation awarded certificate to partications duringthe closing session held on 12 April, 2019.

Figure 72: Site Technicians with the Trainers during the Refresher Course

24.5.8 Smart-Met Training

SmartMET is the visualizing and editing software of the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) that can be used by forecasters to prepare weather forecasts. SmartMET was procured by the Center through the support of NAPA-II and World Bank project in 2018. Procurement of Hardware & software of SMARTMET system was supported (Euro. 150,000/) under the NAPA-II project of LDCF through UNDP-GEF and capacity development training = Euro 60,000/ was supported through the HSDRRP Project of World Bank implemented by NCHM. Installation of the software and hands on training were conducted by FMI Experts in Bhutan in two phases.

68 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 68 2019 of 75

The second training was conducted from 8th – 12th October 2018 and was attended by all the WeatherThe second forecasters training was and conducted other staffs from from 8th – the12th Weather October 2018and Cliandmate was attendedservices by Division all th th (WCSD).Thethe Weather second SmartMet training forecasters is was operational and conducted other staffs andfrom from is8 being– the12 Weather Octoberused as and 2018 the Cli andmainmate was servicestool attended for Division providingby all The second training was conducted from 8th – 12th October 2018 and was attended by all weather(WCSD).the Weatherforecast. SmartMet forecasters is andoperational other staffs and fromis being the Weather used as andthe Climainmate tool services for providing Division (WCSD).the Weather SmartMet forecasters is andoperational other staffs and fromis being the Weather used as andthe Climainmate tool services for providing Division Theweather second forecast. training was conducted from 8th – 12th October 2018 and was attended by all weather(WCSD). forecast. SmartMet is operational and is being used as the main tool for providing weatherthe Weather forecast. forecasters and other staffs from the Weather and Climate services Division (WCSD). SmartMet is operational and is being used as the main tool for providing weather forecast.

Figure 73: NCHM Forecaster during Smart-Met Training Figure Figure 73: NCHM 73: NCHM Forecaster Forecaster during during Smart Smart-Met-Met Training Training Figure 73: NCHM Forecaster during Smart-Met Training 24.5.9 Linux and Grads Training 24.5.9FigureBased24.5.9 Linux 73: onLinux NCHMthe and requirementand ForecasterGrads Grads Training during Trainingfor the Smart climate -Met Training projection studies, the Centre organised 5 days Based handsBased24.5.9 on the ononLinux trainingtherequirement requirementand on Grads Linux for Trainingfor andthe the GrADSclimate climate (Grid projectionprojection Analysis studies,studies, and Display the the Centre Centre System) organised organised at Paro 5 fromdays 5 days handsBased onon trainingthe requirement on Linux for and the GrADS climate (Grid projection Analysis studies, and Display the Centre System) organised at Paro 5 fromdays hands24.5.910 on-14 training JuneLinux 2019 andon with Linux Grads experts and Training GrADSfrom the (GridRegional Analysis Integrated and Multi Display-Hazard System) Early atWarni Parong from 10hands-14 onJune training 2019 withon Linux experts and from GrADS the Regional(Grid Analysis Integrated and DisplayMulti-Hazard System) Early at Paro Warni fromng 10-14BasedSystem June on 2019(RIMES), the requirementwith Thailand. experts for Thefrom the training climate the Regional wasprojection attended Integrated studies, by the the Multiofficials Centre-Hazard from organised Weather Early 5 Warnidays and ng System10-14 June (RIMES), 2019 with Thailand. experts The from training the Regional was attended Integrated by the Multi officials-Hazard from Early Weather Warni andng SystemhandsClimate (RIMES), on Servicestraining Thailand. onDivision Linux The and(WCSD) trainingGrADS and (Grid was other Analysisattended relevant and by Displaythedivisions. officials System) The from trainingat ParoWeather fromwas and ClimateSystem (RIMES),Services Thailand.Division The(WCSD) training and was other attended relevant by the divisions. officials Thefrom trainingWeather wasand 10supported-14 June through 2019 with the SPCRexperts project from theimplemented Regional Integrated by the Center. Multi -Hazard Early Warning ClimatesupportedClimate Services Services through Division theDivision SPCR (WCSD) (WCSD)project implemented andand otherother byrelevantrelevant the Center. divisions.divisions. The The training training was was supportedsupportedSystem through (RIMES), through the Thailand.the SPCR SPCR project Theproject training implemented implemented was attended byby the the by Center. Center.the officials from Weather and Climate Services Division (WCSD) and other relevant divisions. The training was supported through the SPCR project implemented by the Center.

Figure 74: Training Participants with Experts from RIMES Figure 74: Training Participants with Experts from RIMES Figure 74: Training Participants with Experts from RIMES

FigureFigure 74: 74: Training Training Participants Participants with Experts Experts from from RIMES RIMES

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24.5.10 Refresher Course on Aviation Meteorology

Aviation24.5.10 meteorology Refresher Courseis a newon Aviation mandate Meteorology taken over by the Centre during the reorganization. NCHM is now the designated national aeronautical meteorological 24.5.10 Refresher Course on Aviation Meteorology servicesAviation provider meteorology within Bhutan is a newby the mandate Bhutan taken Civil overAviation by the Authority Centre (BCCA).during the There reorganization. NCHM is now the designated national aeronautical meteorological are 12Aviation regular meteorologystaff currently is aworking new mandate in the fourtaken airports over by in theBhutan. Centre None during of themthe are services provider within Bhutan by the Bhutan Civil Aviation Authority (BCCA). There reorganization. NCHM is now the designated national aeronautical meteorological trainedare and 12 regularcertified staff to currently work in working the airport in the as four per airports the ICAO in Bhutan. requirements. None of them There are is an services provider within Bhutan by the Bhutan Civil Aviation Authority (BCCA). There urgenttrained need andto certifiedenhance to their work knowledge in the airport and as pertechnical the ICAO skills requirements. to carry outThere their is an duties are 12 regular staff currently working in the four airports in Bhutan. None of them are effectively.urgent need to enhance their knowledge and technical skills to carry out their duties trained and certified to work in the airport as per the ICAO requirements. There is an effectively. Accordingly,urgent need a 5to-day enhance Aviation their knowledgeMeteorology and Refreshertechnical skills Course to carry was outconducted their duties in two batcheseffectively.Accordingly, from 18 - 29a 5 March-day Aviation 2019 inMeteorology NCHM, ThimphuRefresher andCourse AMS, was Paro.conducted All thein twoaviation batches from 18-29 March 2019 in NCHM, Thimphu and AMS, Paro. All the aviation met techniciansAccordingly, froma 5-day Paro Aviation International Meteorology Airport Refresher and Coursedomestic was airportsconducted attended in two the met technicians from Paro International Airport and domestic airports attended the course.batches Both from theory 18 -and29 March practical 2019 hands in NCHM,-on training Thimphu were and impartedAMS, Paro. during All the the aviation training to course. Both theory and practical hands-on training were imparted during the training to met technicians from Paro International Airport and domestic airports attended the upgradeupgrade the theknowledge knowledge and and skills skills aboutabout the operationsoperations of ofthe the upgraded upgraded Automatic Automatic course. Both theory and practical hands-on training were imparted during the training to WeatherWeather Observation Observation System System (AWOS) (AWOS) andand its function,function, routine routine maintenance, maintenance, calibration calibration upgrade the knowledge and skills about the operations of the upgraded Automatic and updatesand updates on standard on standard observations observations and and operationaloperational procedures. procedures. Weather Observation System (AWOS) and its function, routine maintenance, calibration and updates on standard observations and operational procedures.

Figure 75: Aviation staff with Director, NCHM

Figure 75: Aviation staff with Director, NCHM 24.6 Debriefing WorkshopFigure 75: Aviation staff with Director, NCHM

224.6-Days Debriefingdebriefing WorkshopWorkshop on Trainings availed under SPCR, NAPA-II and other 24.6 projects Debriefing implemented Workshop by NCHM for FY 2017-2018 was held on 7th and 8th August 2018 2-Days debriefing Workshop on Trainings availed under SPCR, NAPA-II and other with the objective to reflect-on and share skills, knowledge and experiencesth th gained with 2-Daysotherprojects debriefing officials implemented of Workshop the Center.by NCHM onTraining forTrainings FY participants 2017 availed-2018 (individual was under held on SPCR,and 7 team) and NAPA 8 presented August-II and2018their other projectsexperiences,with implemented the objective achievements, toby reflect NCHM- onoutcomes, andfor FYshare 2017 recommendationskills,-2018 knowledge was sheld andand onexperiences way 7th andforward 8gainedth Augustin withthe 2018 other officials of the Center. Training participants (individual and team) presented their with theworkshop. objective to reflect-on and share skills, knowledge and experiences gained with experiences,The workshop achievements, was chaired byoutcomes, Director andrecommendation attended by sDivision and way Chiefs, forward officials in andthe other workshop.officials of the Center. Training participants (individual and team) presented their experiences,staff stationed achievements, in HQ, Thimphu, outcomes, Gross recommendationNational Happinesss Commissionand way andforward officials in the fromThe workshopWorld Bank was Office chaired Bhutan. by Director and attended by Division Chiefs, officials and workshop. staff stationed in HQ, Thimphu, Gross National Happiness Commission and officials The workshopfrom World was Bank chaired Office Bhutan. by Director and attended by Division Chiefs, officials and staff stationed in HQ, Thimphu, Gross National Happiness Commission and officials from World Bank Office Bhutan. 70 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPage 70 2019 of 75

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Figure 76: DuringFigure 76: the During De-briefing the De -Sessionbriefing Session Figure 76: During the De-briefing Session Figure 76: During the De-briefing Session

Figure 76: During the De-briefing Session

25. Wellbeing25. Wellbeing of Centre of CentreStaff Staff 25.1 NCHM25.25.1 WellbeingStaffNCHMWellbeing Welfare Staff of of Centre CentreWelfare fund Staff Staff fund 25.1 NCHMNCHM Staff Staff Welfare Welfare fund fund After delinking After 25. delinking Wellbeingfrom the from Ministryof Centrethe Ministry ofStaff Economic of Economic Affairs, Affairs, the theCenter Center has has created created a aStaff Staff Welfare fundAfterWelfare25.1 delinkingtodelinkingNCHM fundcommensurate to fromStafffrom commensurate the Welfarethe Ministry Ministrywith fund RCSCwithof of Economic EconomicRCSC Welfare WelfareAffairs, Affairs, fund thefund thewith Center withCenter a hasnoblea hasnoble created createdobjective objective a Staff a Staff toto strengthenWelfarestrengthen solidarity fundfund solidarity among toto commensuratecommensurate amongthe staff the and with staffwith provide RCSC andRCSC provide Welfare SemsoWelfare Semso fundand fund andwithphysical with physical a noblea assistancenoble assistance objective objective to toto the theto aggrievedstrengthenstrengthenAfteraggrieved family delinking during solidarityfamilysolidarity from unfortunateduring among amongthe unfortunateMinistry the the staffevents staff of and eventsandEconomic of provide providedeath of deathSemsoAffairs, toSemso membersto and memberstheand physical Centerphysical or or theirassistancehas theirassistance createdfamily. family. to a the to StaffThe The the membershipsaggrievedWelfaremembershipsaggrieved are voluntary. fund familyfamily areto voluntary.duringcommensurateduring unfortunate unfortunate with events eventsRCSC of of deathWelfare death to tomembersfund members with or a ortheir noble their family. objectivefamily. The The to membershipsstrengthen solidarity are are voluntary. voluntary. among the staff and provide Semso and physical assistance to the 25.2 NCHM 25.2 aggrieved RimdoNCHM family Rimdo during unfortunate events of death to members or their family. The 25.2 memberships NCHMNCHM are Rimdo Rimdo voluntary. The Center The works Center with works Jungwa with Jungwa shig ( fourshig elements:(four elements: earth, earth, water, water, fire, fire, air) air) and and the the nature. nature. For all sentientTheFor25.2 Centerall Center beings,sentientNCHM works works thebeings,Rimdo with with Tsa Jungwa the-JungwaWa Tsa-Sum -shigWa shig -and (Sumfour (four the andelements: elements: welfare the welfare earth, ofearth, all water,of water,staffsall staffsfire, fire, the air) the air)Center and Center and the theconductsnature. conducts nature. annual RimdoForannual allall though sentientRimdosentient personal thoughbeings, beings, personalthe thedonations. Tsa Tsa-Wa -donations.Wa-Sum- SumOne and and RimdoOne the the Rimdowelfare welfarewas was heldof ofall held all onstaffs staffson26 26Augustthe Augustthe Center Center 2018. 2018.conducts conducts annual annualThe Center RimdoRimdo works though though with personal personal Jungwa donations. donations. shig (four One One elements: Rimdo Rimdo was earth, was held held water, on on26 fire, 26August August air) 2018.and 2018. the nature. For all sentient beings, the Tsa-Wa-Sum and the welfare of all staffs the Center conducts annual Rimdo though personal donations. One Rimdo was held on 26 FigureAugust Figure 2018.77: 77: During During FigureOfficeFigureOffice Rimdo77: Rimdo 77:During During Office Rimdo Office Rimdo Figure 77: During

Office Rimdo

PagePagePage 71 71 of71 75 ofof 7575 Page 71 of 75

NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGY 2019 Page 7171 of 75

25.3 NCHM HQ Potluck Lunch 25.325.3 25.3 NCHMNCHM NCHM HQ HQ Potluck HQ Potluck Potluck Lunch Lunch Lunch for construction of office and its facilities in the 12 FYP. Approval and allocation of land In order to facilitate good relations among the staff and to build the team spirit, the from NLCS still awaited. In CenterInorder orderIn toorder instituted tofacilitate facilitateto facilitate the good Potluckgood relationsgood relations lunch relations among once among amonga themonth the staff the staff(i.e. andstaff everyand to and tobuild last buildto Fridaythebuild the team theofteam the spirit,team spirit,month). spirit,the the the Center CenterCenter instituted instituted instituted the the Potluck thePotluck Potluck lunch lunch oncelunch once a oncemonth a month a month(i.e. (i.e. every (i.e. every lastevery last Friday lastFriday Friday of theof the month).of themonth). month). 26.2 No Hydromet Policy and related Legislation

The Center is given huge mandate for data collection, monitoring and understanding of hydrology, weather, climate and cryosphere, for timely provision of information and services to protect lives and property and support national needs for ecologically balanced sustainable development. Importantly to provide evidence based science and knowledge to policy and decisions makers for strategic planning and development. However, currently there is neither a hydro-met policy nor a legal framework that provides a legal basis for the existence of the Center and its mandates for operation and delivery of hydro-met services in Bhutan. Considering the cross sectoral nature of hydro- met functions, it often duplicate functions with other agencies working in the areas of environment, flood and disasters. It is therefore, often other agencies uses NCHM to ! ! !! implement their planned activities to fulfill their performance target and IWP. Non existence of policy and legal framework has a number of implications from poor data FiguFreiigu 78Frei:gu 78NCre: HNC78M:H NCMMMon H MMtMhononl yMt thPhonlolyytl tP huPolckoytl tl uPPuckorcktlog Pu Pckraogr ogmPr rarogamm ra m quality, no standardization on scientific instruments and data format and incompatibility, lack of basis for data exchange policy within country and international.

26.26. Challenges 26.Challenges Challenges and andand Issues and IssuesIssues Issues 26.3 Nature of Work 24/7

BeingBeing Beingthe the new thenew autonomous new autonomousautonomous autonomous agency agencyagency agency entrusted entrusted entrusted entrusted with with with technical with technical technical technical and and scientificand and scientific scientific scientific mandates, mandates, mandates, mandates, the the the the The Center field staff works 365 days without weekends and holidays due to the nature of CenterCenterCenter is facingis facing is facinga number aa numbernumber a number of challenges ofof challengesofchallenges challenges from from from financial, from financial, financial, financial, human human human human resources, resources, resources, resources, office office office officespace space space tospace to toto job for collection of hourly and daily data. In participation the National Weather and technicaltechnicaltechnicaltechnical and and scientific and scientificscientific scientific facilities. facilities.facilities. facilities. The The Thefollowing The following following following are are threeare arethree three keythree key issueskey key issues issues issuesand and challengesand and challenges challenges challenges that that thatthat Flood Warning Center (NWFWC), HQ, Thimphu and Flood/GLOF Early Warning needneed immediateneed immediate immediate interventions. interventions.interventions. interventions. Control Room of river basins like Punatsangchu (Wangdue), Mangdehhu (Trongsa), Chamkharchhu (Kurjey) operates 24/7 on shift system. Currently no night shift allowance 26.126.1 26.1 LackLackLack ofLack Office ofof OfficeOfficeof Office Space Space Space Spaceand and andScientific and Scientific Scientific Scientific Facilities Facilities Facilities Facilities are provided. During the emergency, the relevant officials including the Director have to come NWFWC to monitor the situation and update the DDM and line agencies TheThe CenterThe Center Center was was delinked was delinkeddelinked delinked from fromfrom thefrom the theMinistry theMinistry Ministry Ministry of ofEconomic of Economicof Economic Economic Affairs Affairs Affairs Affairs from from from Februaryfrom February February February 2017. 2017. 2017.2017. sometimes in the middle of the night, but over time allowance are eligible for the staff S5 However,However,However, the the theCenter theCenterCenter Center is stillisis stillstillis occupying still occupyingoccupying occupying the the samethe thesame same officesame office office officespace space space spacein inthe in the in Energythe theEnergy Energy Energy building building buildingbuilding and below. occupiedoccupiedoccupied by bythe theby theerstwhile theerstwhileerstwhile erstwhile Department DepartmentDepartment Department of ofHydromet of Hydromet ofHydromet Hydromet Services, Services, Services, Services, MoEA MoEA MoEA MoEA despite despite despite despite increased increased increasedincreased numbernumbernumber of ostafff staffostafff withstaff withwith additionalwith additionaladditional additional staff staffstaff transferredstaff transferredtransferred transferred from from from thefrom the Glaciologythe theGlaciology Glaciology Glaciology Division Division DivisionDivision and and andand Similarly due to the nature of the job, most of the employees have to work in remote, AviationAviationAviation Meteorological Meteorological Meteorological Services Services Services staff staff fromstaff from Departmentfrom Department Department of ofGeology Geologyof Geology and and Mines and Mines Minesand and and Aviation Meteorological Services staff from Department of Geology and Mines and inaccessible, hazardous and risky areas during the glaciers and glacier lakes monitoring DepartmentDepartmentDepartment of ofAir ofAir Transport AirTransport Transport Services, Services, Services, MOIC MOIC MOIC respectively. respectively. respectively. Finance Finance Finance and and Accountsand Accounts Accounts Department of Air Transport Services, MOIC respectively. Finance and Accounts and hazard assessment, riverline survey, flow and discharge measurements for flood ServicesServicesServices of theof the ofCenter theCenter Center is operatingis operating is operating from from thefrom the Directorate theDirectorate Directorate Services Services Services office office officeof MoEA.of MoEA.of MoEA. The The The Services of the Center is operating from the Directorate Services office of MoEA. The hazard mapping including the installation of hydro-met stations in the river bed and CenterCenterCenter is grateful is grateful is grateful to theto the MoEAto theMoEA MoEA for fortheir fortheir support. their support. support. remote areas. Center is grateful to the MoEA for their support.

DueDue toDue tolimited limitedto limited office office officespace, space, space,there there isthere nois no isproper noproper proper space space spacefor forstore forstore andstore and scientific and scientific scientific facilities facilities facilities Due to limited office space, there is no proper space for store and scientific facilities to properlyto properlyto properly setup setup sedimentsetup sediment sediment laboratory, laboratory, laboratory, calibration calibration calibration lab lab including lab includingincluding the the space thespace forspace forstaff. forstaff. staff. 26.4 Limited Professional Capacity for effective Delivery of Hydro-met to properly setup sediment laboratory, calibration lab including the space for staff. services

TheThe CenterThe Center Center is theis the nationalis thenational national repository repository repository of hydrologicalof hydrologicalof hydrological and and climatic and climatic climatic data data of data Bhutan.of Bhutan.of Bhutan. It alsoIt also It also hostThehost sophisticatedhost Centersophisticated sophisticated is the Weather nationalWeather Weather and repositoryand Flood and Flood FloodWarning ofWarning hydrologicalWarning Center Center Center (NWFWC) and(NWFWC) (NWFWC)climatic that that dataoperates that operates of operates Bhutan. by by24/7 24/7 byIt also24/7 Human Resources with professional capacity is one of the greatest challenges faced by includinghostincludingincluding sophisticated the the satellite thesatellite satellite Weatherreceiver receiver receiver stationand station Flood station and and otherWarning and other communicationother communication Center communication (NWFWC) facilities. facilities. facilities. that Therefore, Therefore,operates Therefore, due by due 24/7 due National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) in the developing countries. to theincludingto the tonature thenature naturetheof job ofsatellite job ofresponsibilities jobresponsibilities receiver responsibilities station it handled, it handled, andit handled, otherthe the Center communication theCenter Center office office officecannot cannot facilities. cannot be belocated locatedbe Therefore, located in thein the in due the From the last decade the capacity of the Center has been enhanced through the donor privatetoprivate theprivate building. nature building. building. ofThe jobThe Center Theresponsibilities Center Center is planning is planning is planning itto handled, buildto build to a build new athe new aofficeCenter new office complexoffice office complex complex cannot and and with and bewith scientific locatedwith scientific scientific in the supported projects and other international organization like WMO in areas of facilities.privatefacilities.facilities. Tobuilding. Tothis Tothis CenterThethis Center CenterCenter has has isrequested hasplanningrequested requested the to thebuildNational theNational a Nationalnew Land officeLand LandCommission complexCommission Commission and Secretariat withSecretariat Secretariatscientific observations and data collection. The Center still lack professional capacity development (NLCS)facilities.(NLCS)(NLCS) to identifyto To identifyto thisidentify and andCenter allocate and allocate allocatehas appropriate appropriaterequested appropriate land theland on landNational onthe the onoutskirts theoutskirts Land outskirts of CommissionThimphuof Thimphuof Thimphu Thromde ThromdeSecretariat Thromde of services in products in the areas of weather prediction and forecasting, flood modelling (NLCS) to identify and allocate appropriate land on the outskirts of Thimphu Thromde and forecasting, climate modelling and projection and studies.

72 NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROLOGY AND METEOROLOGYPagPeag 72Pe ago7f2 e7 o 57 f2019 2 7 o5f 75 Page 73 of 75 Page 72 of 75 for constructionfor forconstruction construction of office of office of and office itsand facilities and its facilitiesits facilities in the in 12 the in FYP. the12 FYP.12 Approval FYP. Approval Approval and allocationand and allocation allocation of land of land of land fromfrom NLCSfrom NLCS still NLCS awaited.still still awaited. awaited.

26.2 26.226.2 No HydrometNo NoHydromet Hydromet Policy Policy and Policy relatedand and related Legislationrelated Legislation Legislation

The TheCenterThe Center isCenter given is given ishuge given huge mandate huge mandate mandate for data for fordatacollection, data collection, collection, monitoring monitoring monitoring and understandingand and understanding understanding of of of hydrology,hydrology,hydrology, weather, weather, weather, climate climate climateand andcryosphere, and cryosphere, cryosphere, for timelyfor fortimely provisiontimely provision provision of information of informationof information and and and servicesservices servicesto protectto protectto protectlives livesand lives andproperty and property property and ansupport dan supportd supportnational national nationalneeds needs forneeds ecologicallyfor forecologically ecologically balancedbalancedbalanced sustainable sustainable sustainable development. development. development. Importantly Importantly Importantly to provide to provideto provideevidence evidence evidence based based science based science scienceand and and knowledgeknowledgeknowledge to policy to policyto andpolicy anddecisions and decisions decisions makers makers makersfor strategicfor forstrategic strategic planning planning planning and anddevelopment. and development. development. However,However,However, currently currently currently there there is thereneither is neitheris neithera hydro a hydroa-met hydro -metpolicy-met policy norpolicy anor legal nora legal aframework legal framework framework that that that providesprovidesprovides a legal a legal basisa legal basis for basis the for existenceforthe theexistence existence of the of Center theof theCenter andCenter itsand mandatesand its mandatesits mandates for operation for foroperation operation and and and deliverydelivery deliveryof hydro of hydro of-met hydro -servicesmet-met services servicesin Bhutan. in Bhutan. in Bhutan.Considering Considering Considering the cross the thecross sectoral cross sectoral sectoralnature nature of nature hydro of hydro ofhydro- - met functions,metmet functions, functions, it often it often itduplicate often duplicate duplicate functions functions functions with withother with other agencies other agencies agencies working working working in the in areas thein theareas of areas of of environment,environment,environment, flood flood and flood disasters.and and disasters. disasters. It is Ittherefore, isIt therefore,is therefore, often often other often other agencies other agencies agencies uses usesNCHM uses NCHM NCHMto to to implementimplementimplement their theirplanned their planned plannedactivities activities activities to fulfill to fulfillto theirfulfill theirperformance their performance performance target target andtarget andIWP. and IWP. Non IWP. Non Non existenceexistenceexistence of policy of policyof and policy legaland and legal framework legal framework framework has ahas number hasa number a numberof implications of implicationsof implications from from poor from poordata poor data data quality,quality, quality,no standardization no standardizationno standardization on scientific on scientificon scientific instruments instruments instruments and dataand and dataformat data format and format incompatibility,and and incompatibility, incompatibility, lack lackof basislack of basis offor basis data for fordataexchange data exchange exchange policy policy within policy within country within country countryand international.and and international. international.

26.3 26.326.3 Nature Nature ofNature Work of Work of 24/7 Work 24/7 24/7

The CenterTheThe Center field Center fieldstaff field staffworks staff works 365 works days365 365 dayswithout days without withoutweekends weekends weekends and holidaysand and holidays holidays due todue the due to nature the to thenature of nature of of job forjob collectionjobfor forcollection collection of hourly of hourlyof andhourly dailyand and daily data. daily data. In data.participation In participationIn participation the Nationalthe theNational National Weather Weather Weather and and and FloodFlood WarningFlood Warning Warning Center Center (NWFWC),Center (NWFWC), (NWFWC), HQ, HQ,Thimphu HQ, Thimphu Thimphu and andFlood/GLOF and Flood/GLOF Flood/GLOF Early Early Warning Early Warning Warning ControlControl ControlRoom Room ofRoom river of riverofbasins river basins libasinske liPunatsangchuke li kePunatsangchu Punatsangchu (Wangdue), (Wangdue), (Wangdue), Mangdehhu Mangdehhu Mangdehhu (Trongsa), (Trongsa), (Trongsa), ChamkharchhuChamkharchhuChamkharchhu (Kurjey) (Kurjey) (Kurjey) operates operates operates 24/7 24/7on shift24/7 on shiftsystem.on shift system. Currentlysystem. Currently Currently no night no nightno shift night shiftallowance shift allowance allowance are provided.are areprovided. provided. During During theDuring emergency, the theemergency, emergency, the relevant the therelevant relevantofficials officials officials including including including the Director the theDirector Director have haveto have to to comecome NWFWCcome NWFWC NWFWC to monitorto monitorto monitorthe sitthe uation thesit uationsit anduation andupdate and update theupdate DDMthe theDDM andDDM andline and lineagencies line agencies agencies sometimessometimessometimes in the in middle the in themiddle ofmiddle the of night, the of thenight, but night, over but but overtime over timeallowance time allowance allowance are eligible are areeligible foreligible the for staff forthe thestaffS5 staff S5 S5 and below.andand below. below.

SimilarlySimilarlySimilarly due todue thedue to nature theto thenature of nature the of job, theof thejob,most job, most of mostthe of employees theof theemployees employees have haveto havework to work toin workremote, in remote,in remote, inaccessible,inaccessible,inaccessible, hazardo hazardo ushazardo andus riskyandus and risky areas risky areas during areas during the during glaciersthe theglaciers glaciersand glacierand and glacier lakesglacier lakes monitoring lakes monitoring monitoring and andhazardand hazard assessment,hazard assessment, assessment, riverline riverline riverline survey, survey, survey,flow flowand flow anddischarge and discharge discharge measurements measurements measurements for floodfor forflood flood hazardhazard mappinghazard mapping mapping including including including the installationthe theinstallation installation of hydro of hydroof-met hydro -metstations-met stations stationsin the in riverthein the riverbed river bedand bed and and remoteremote areas.remote areas. areas.

26.4 26.426.4 Limi LimitedLimi Professionalted tedProfessional Professional Capacity Capacity Capacity for effectivefor foreffective effective Delivery Delivery Delivery of Hydro of Hydroof- metHydro- met-met servicesservicesservices

HumanHuman HumanResources Resources Resources with withprofessional with professional professional capacity capacity capacity is one is ofone is theone of greatest theof thegreatest greatestchallenges challenges challenges faced faced by faced by by NationalNationalNational Meteorological Meteorological Meteorological and Hydrologicaland and Hydrological Hydrological Services Services Services (NMHS) (NMHS) (NMHS) in the in developing the in thedeveloping developing countries. countries. countries. FromFrom theFrom lastthe thedecadelast lastdecade thedecade capacitythe thecapacity capacity of the of Center theof theCenter hasCenter beenhas has beenenhanced been enhanced enhanced through through throughthe donorthe thedonor donor supportedsupportedsupported projects projects projectsand andother and other internationalother international international organization organization organization like likeWMO like WMO WMOin areasin inareas ofareas of of observationsobservationsobservations and dataand and datacollection. data collection. collection. The CenterThe The Center still Center lackstill still lackprofessional lack professional professional capacity capacity capacity development development development of servicesof servicesof servicesin products in products in products in the in areas the in theareas of areasweather of weather of weatherprediction prediction prediction and forecasting,and and forecasting, forecasting, flood flood modelli flood modelli ngmodelli ng ng and forecasting,andand forecasting, forecasting, climate climate modellingclimate modelling modelling and projectionand and projection projection and studies.and and studies. studies.

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Aviation meteorological services is one of the new mandates taken over the Center, the Center lack capacity in all levels from observation to service delivery due to lack of funding and manpower with required qualification. On the other hand aviation meteorology services is highly sensitive functions that has to fulfil not only the Bhutan Civil Aviation Authority (BCCA) legal requirement but also International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) requirement for the operation of flights.

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