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Marine Fisheries Information Service CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by CMFRI Digital Repository MARINE FISHERIES ICAR INFORMATION SERVICE No. 127 FEBRUARY - MARCH 1994 r -MMMMMr iMHT —ir TT<SG*4t**»t -<Z*t TECHNICAL AND 'frtTfTC 3f«*»rac^t EXTENSION SERIES fester TTTOt *llk*H«bl CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES 3T^«UT^ TTF^W RESEARCH INSTITUTE ^StEW, VHTcT COCHIN, INDIA INDIAN COUNCIL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH 'Sigjft irlN*roft ^WT '^NT : ^5pft wlwrtft •*?: apnffa aig^nsnr Tftrraf ^ ajwwref, nw» a^ff THE MARINE FISHERIES INFORMATION SERVICE : Technical and Extension Series envisages dissemination of information on marine fishery resources based on research results to the planners, industry and fish farmers and transfer of technology from laboratory to field. Abbreviation - Mar. Fish. Infor. Sew., T&E Sen, No. 127 : February - March 1994 CONTENTS m&§ 1. Present status of the drift net fishery at Vellayil, Calicut 2. An economic evaluation of purse seine fishery along Goa coast 3. Observation on the culture of green mussel in PUlaimadam salt water lagoon, near Mandapam 4. Observations on the grazing phenomenon of the cultured seaweed, GracUaria edulis by fish in Minicoy lagoon (Lakshadweep) 5. Skin of rays — a new commodity for export market 6. On the landing of large sized hammer head shark Sphyma lewini at Tuticorin 7. On a juvenile whale shark Rhincodon typus caught off Kayalpatnam (Gulf of Mannar) 8. On two large specimens of devil ray Manta birostris (Walbaum) landed at Tuticorin 9. On the landing of bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus at Kakinada 10. Instances of flnless black porpoise. Neophocaena phocaenoides caught in Mandapam region along the Palk Bay coast in Tamil Nadu 11. On the landing of spinner dolphins Stenella longirostris at Lawson's Bay, Visakhapatnam 3. 4"^HH % fWZ fa^^H 3 ffef ^ ^FT ^fa*fa 5. ,?ppff ^t "^wsT-'PrqfcT faw %fcnj i^i ?m 6. ^rd+IRd 3 "Q^T 'frcr^K WR t^ 1^1 fP&Zl faf¥Jt C^fat, fjjfti^ 3ik TFTO 1834) ^I ST^FT 7. *H<rl4<<iHH (TTFTTC WSt) 3 Wl TO; fotfft PdWPlcl ^1 /<*)£)•* ZI?m tFT«[ "qT f^it 8. 4pl+)RH 3 ST^cTftcT tf^T t ~Zm Wlf^T (^TcWT) 9. +IP+HI4I 3 ^te?r Hta ^IdPhH zzfmtfem jmm ^T argent 10. dfacrHI^ % "RWT Sfr 3 3TO3 WIT f^pF PrsfftitfWJT ^Ifmf^R ^ =ff%T ^FT W5 11. fFFK ^"IctPb-H ^crt/ dlVl<)R^H m 3mw\ Front cover photo : Laboratory and office building of the Veraval Research Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute and Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Veraval — (photo : courtesy Mr. K. K. Philipose). Back couer photo : Bhidiya fish landing centre at Veraval (photo : courtesy Mr. K. K. Philipose). PRESENT STATUS OF THE DRIFT NET FISHERY AT VELLAYIL, CALICUT M. Sivadas Minicoy Research Centre of C. M. F. R. L, Minicoy Introduction unprecedental when compared with the same The drift net fishery at Calicut is commerci­ month of other years as shown below:- ally important in that the quality fishes like Month & year : October 1988 1989 1990 1991 seerfish and tuna are almost fully landed by this Tuna catch In tonnes 371 57 71 61 gear. The introduction of outboard engines and the consequent fishing in more deeper waters Total catch 445 104 180 110 have resulted in noticeable changes in the overall The landing in 1989-'90 showed a drastic catch composition. In order to understand this; reduction when compared with that of 1988-'89. the recent status of the fishery is studied based Subsequently, it increased in 1990-'91 and then on the data for the period 1988-'89 to 1991-'92 decreased. from Vellayil, Calicut. Annual cpue is shown in Fig. 2. A drastic Craft and gear reduction in cpue from 1988-'89 to 1989-'90, and These have already been described by subsequently a gradual decrease till 1991-'92 Yohannan and Balasubramanian (Mar. Fish. Infor. Sew. T&E Ser., No. 95, 1989). But of late, 10 fibre glass coated plywood boats have become the main craft instead of dugout canoes and flat 9 bottom plank built boats. Instead of 3-4 persons, most of the units are now employing only 2 6 \ ^__^_ -8 persons. Effort 7 Fluctuation in the annual effort is shown in Fig. 1. The effort varied from 5114 to 7961 6 16 ' with an average of 7015. After a drastic decrease (A tt in 1989-'90, the effort showed a steady increase c t5 c c till 1991-'92. ' o o <*» The average monthly effort is given in O Fig. 3. The effort varied from 46 in June to 965 O in October. Maximum effort was expended from 3 October to January. £ b Catch and cpue O 2 Annual variation in catch is given in Fig. 1. On an average 604.6 tonnes of fishes were landed of which 47.2% was comprised by tuna and 35.7% by seerfishes. Thus these two together o form around 83%. As could be seen from the » A figure, there was a sharp increase in the landing 0) of tuna and total catch in 1988-'89 when i compared with other years. The bulk of the 'Seerfish EFFORT landing in this year came from October as this Total catch month alone accounted for 69% of the tuna and Fig. 1. Fluctuation In the total effort, total catch and seer fish 48% of the total drift net catch. This was quite and tuna catch at Calicut (1988-1992). 1 was observed in the case of total catch and tuna catch. But in the case of seerfish, a gradual decrease from 1988-'89 to 1991-'92 was ob­ served. I30r 100 50 3 CL O 10 "5" T i 2 8 0> 0» i Seerfish Total catoh Tuna AMJJASONDJFM MONTHS Fig. 2. Catch/unit effort (cpue-kg) in the total catch and seerfish and tuna catch at Calicut (1988-1992). x—x Tuna *-» SEERFISH Seasonal variation in catch •—• Total catch o~o EFFORT Fig. 3. Average monthly variation (1988-1992) in the effort, Fig. 3 shows the average monthly landing total catch and tuna and seerfish catch at Calicut. of tuna, seerfish and total catch. The peak month of landing of total catch and tuna was October A. thazard were occurring throughout the period. whereas November formed the peak month for Others were quite seasonal. Two peaks were seerfish. Moreover the drift net landing is observed for E. qffinis from April to June and dominated by tuna and seerfish. In general, tuna November to March. July to October formed the dominated the catch from April to October and peak season for A. thazard. December and in March, and Seerfsh from November to January formed the main season for T. tonggol February. and September for T. obesus and S. orientalis. Species composition Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) and Opti­ mal effort (FMSY) Seerfish was represented by Scomberomorus commerson. These were calculated using Schaefer model and is given in Fig. 6. When the data for the Among tunas, 6 species occurred in the period 1988-'89 to 1991-'92 were used, no fishery and the overall composition is shown in correlation was found. But when the data of Fig. 4. Euthynnus qffinis dominated forming 1988-'89 was exculded, there was correlation. 66% followed by Awcis thazard (28%). The other The failure in fitting the data of 1988-'89 may be species in the order of abundance were Thunnus due to the unusually heavy landing in that year. tonggol and T. obesus 2% each, S. orientalis 1.1% MSY and FMSY for seerfish were found to be and A. rochei 0.9%. Seasonal species composi­ 238.126 and 11835 tonnes respectively and for tion of tuna is shown in Fig. 5. E. qffinis and tuna they were 211.96 and 8268 tonnes. When 2 the data of seerfish and tuna were pooled, the combined MSY was found to be 463.394 tonnes and the FMSY 10504 tonnes. It could be seen that at combined FMSY, though the' tuna resource is slightly over fished, the seerfish are only nearing MSY. 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 • E.AHFINIS T-OBESUS EFFORT(XIOQO) Fig. 6. Estimated Maximum Sustainable Yled (MSY) and § A.THAZARD ©T.TQNGGOL Optimal Effort (f MSY) of tunas and seerflshes at Calicut in the drift gillnet fishery. S.ORIENTALIS ©A.ROCHEl General remarks The study shows that the drift net fishery Fig. 4. Overall species composition of tunas in the drift at present fully depend on tuna and seerfish as gillnet fishery at Calicut (1988-1992). they together constitute about 83% of the total drift net landings. Yohanhan and Balasubra- manian [op. citj have found that they form around 55% only based on their study of the fishery of the period 1981-'88. Recently there is considerable increase in the landings of both tuna and seerfish when compared with the period 1981-'88. But the average total catch during the present period is less than that during 1981-'88 which indicate that the increase in the tuna and seerfish landings have simultaneously affected adversely the other fisheries like catfish, pomfret, shark etc. Among tuna and seerfish the former remains the dominant one. These infact are the AMJJASONDJFM notable developments after the motorisatlon of MONTH country craft. •E-af finis IMT-tonggol As regards to the unusually heavy catch 0A-thazard during 1988-'89, especially in October, it could is-orientalis fflT-ooesus be seen that the effort expended irk October was higher than that of the same month in other Fig. 5. Seasonal species composition of tunas in the drift years, and also was more than the preceding and gillnet fishery at Calicut (1988-1992).
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