GOVERNMENT of TAMIL NADU Department of Fisheries
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GOVERNMENT OF TAMIL NADU Department of Fisheries Mookaiyur ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDY FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF FISH LANDING CENTRE AT MOOKAIYUR, RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU WAPCOS LIMITED (A GOVERNMENT OF INDIA UNDERTAKING) Flat No: 2C, II nd floor, Jai Durga Apartment, 38/2, First Avenue, Ashok Nagar, Chennai-600 083. Tel.: 24710477 / Tel Fax: 044-24714424 E-mail: [email protected] MAY 2014 EIA Studies for reconstruction of Fish Landing Centre at Mookaiyur, Ramanathapuram District Department of Fisheries CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CHAPTER – 1 : INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1 of 8 1.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT 1 of 8 1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE EIA STUDY 2 of 8 1.4 METHODOLOGY FOR THE EIA STUDY 2 of 8 1.5 OUTLINE OF THE REPORT 8 of 8 CHAPTER – 2 : PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 GENERAL 1 of 9 2.2 FISHING VILLAGES 1 0f 9 2.3 MARINE FISH PRODUCTION 2 of 9 2.4 FISH PRODUCTION IN RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT 2 of 9 2.5 MOOKAIYUR FISH LANDING CENTRE 2 of 9 2.6 SITE DETAILS 7 of 9 2.7 PROPOSED FACILITIES IN THE MOOKAIYUR FISH LANDING CENTER 8 of 9 CHAPTER – 3 : ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE STATUS 3.1 GENERAL 1 of 62 3.2 METEOROLOGY 2 of 62 3.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 4 of 62 3.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 9 of 62 3.5 LANDUSE PATTERN 9 of 62 3.6 PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY 13 of 62 3.7 MARINE ENVIRONMENT 14 of 62 WAPCOS Centre for Environment Page 1 of 8 Contents EIA Studies for reconstruction of Fish Landing Centre at Mookaiyur, Ramanathapuram District Department of Fisheries 3.7.1. MATERIALS AND METHODS 16 of 62 3.7.2. WATER ANALYSIS 17 of 62 3.7.3 SEDIMENT ANALYSIS 18 of 62 3.7.4 BACTERIOLOGICAL METHODS 19 of 62 3.7.5 PHYTOPLANKTON 21 of 62 3.7.6. ZOOPLANKTON 21 of 62 3.7.7. BENTHIC COMMUNITY 22 of 62 3.8 WATER QUALITY 22 of 62 3.9 SEDIMENT CHARACTERISTICS 29 of 62 3.10 HEAVY METALS IN WATER 30 of 62 3.11 SOIL TEXTURE (%) 33 of 62 3.12 HEAVY METALS IN SEDIMENT 35 of 62 3.13 MICROBIOLOGY 38 of 62 3.14 BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS 42 of 62 3.15 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 54 of 62 3.16 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS 56 of 62 CHAPTER – 4 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 GENERAL 1 of 21 IMPACTS ON MARINE ENVIRONMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION 4.2 PHASE 1 of 21 4.2.1. Direct effects due to dredging 2 of 21 4.3 IMPACTS ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT 7 of 21 4.4 CUMULATIVE AND MID-TERM EFFECTS 10 of 21 4.5 LONG-TERM EFFECTS 12 of 21 4.6 OTHER TYPES OF IMPACTS 13 of 21 WAPCOS Centre for Environment Page 2 of 8 Contents EIA Studies for reconstruction of Fish Landing Centre at Mookaiyur, Ramanathapuram District Department of Fisheries 4.7 IMPACTS ON LAND ENVIRONMENT 14 of 21 4.7.1 impacts due to construction activities 14 of 21 4.7.2 operation phase 15 of 21 4.7.3.impacts on land use pattern of the area 16 of 21 4.7.4.impacts on insects, invertebrates and other fauna 16 0f 21 4.8 IMPACTS DUE TO RECLAMATION 18 of 21 4.9 IMPACTS ON AIR ENVIRONMENT 18 of 21 4.10 IMPACTS ON TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY 20 of 21 4.11 IMPACTS ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 21 of 21 CHAPTER – 5 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 5.1 GENERAL 1 of 5 5.2 LAND ENVIRONMENT 1 of 5 5.3 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL 2 of 7 5.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT 2 of 7 5.5 AIR ENVIRONMENT 3 of 7 5.6 CONTROL OF NOISE 4 of 7 5.7 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT 5 of 7 CHAPTER-6 RISK ASSESSMENT 6.1 RISK ASSESSMENT 1 of 4 6.2 HSE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 1 of 4 6.3 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS 2 of 4 6.4 DISASTER IMPACTS 3 of 4 6.5 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN 3 of 4 WAPCOS Centre for Environment Page 3 of 8 Contents EIA Studies for reconstruction of Fish Landing Centre at Mookaiyur, Ramanathapuram District Department of Fisheries CHAPTER 7- ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 7.1 THE NEED 1 of 7 7.2 AREAS OF CONCERN 1 of 7 7.3 MARINE WATER & SEDIMENT QUALITY 2 of 7 7.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 4 of 7 7.5 NOISE 5 of 7 7.6 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT 5 of 7 7.7 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 5 of 7 CHAPTER 8- CONCLUSIONS 1 of 2 ANNEXURE – I NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (NAAQS) ANNEXURE – II AMBIENT NOISE STANDARDS ANNEXURE – III MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE LEVEL OR CONDITION OF WATER POLLUTANTS DISCHARGED INTO THE ENVIRONMENT TABLES TABLE 1.1 SCOPING MATRIX FOR THE EIA STUDY OF PROPOSED FISH LANDING CENTER TABLE 1.2 SUMMARY OF DATA COLLECTION FROM VARIOUS SOURCES TABLE 2.1 COASTAL LENGTH OF DISTRICTS TABLE 2.2 DETAILS OF MARINE FISHING VILLAGES OF TAMIL NADU TABLE 2.3 LIST OF MARINE FISHING VILLAGES OF RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TABLE 2.4 ANNUAL MARINE FISH PRODUCTION FOR RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TABLE 2.5 BASIC FISHERY INFORMATION IN RESPECT OF RAMANATHAPURAM DISTRICT TABLE 2.6 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROPOSED FISH LANDING CENTRE TABLE 3.1 AVERAGE METEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN THE PROJECT AREA DISTRICT WAPCOS Centre for Environment Page 4 of 8 Contents EIA Studies for reconstruction of Fish Landing Centre at Mookaiyur, Ramanathapuram District Department of Fisheries TABLE 3.2 DETAILS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS TABLE 3.3 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS - NEAR YAKAPAR TEMPLE TABLE 3.4 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS – NO2 (UNIT : µG/M3) TABLE 3.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS – SO2 (UNIT : µG/M3) TABLE 3.6 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS – PM10 (UNIT : µG/M3) TABLE 3.7 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STATUS – PM2.5 (UNIT : µG/M3) TABLE 3.8 EQUIVALENT NOISE LEVELS IN THE STUDY AREA (UNIT : DB(A)) TABLE 3.9 LANDUSE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA TABLE 3.10 TIDE CHARACTERISTICS OF MOOKAIYUR AREA TABLE 3.11 SAMPLING STATIONS AND THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL COORDINATES TABLE 3.12 PHYSICO - CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WATER TABLE 3.13 NUTRIENTS IN WATER TABLE 3.14 PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON IN WATER & SEDIMENT TABLE 3.15 HEAVY METALS IN WATER TABL E 3.16 SOIL TEXTURE, TOTAL ORGANIC CARBON & pH OF SEDIMENT TABLE 3.17 HEAVY METALS IN SEDIMENT TABLE 3.18 MICROBIAL POPULATIONS IN WATER TABLE 3.19 MICROBIAL POPULATIONS IN SEDIMENT TABLE 3.20 BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS TABLE 3.21 PHYTOPL ANKTON WAPCOS Centre for Environment Page 5 of 8 Contents EIA Studies for reconstruction of Fish Landing Centre at Mookaiyur, Ramanathapuram District Department of Fisheries TABLE 3.22 ZOOPLANKTON TABLE 3.23 FINFISH EGGS TABLE 3.24 FINFISH LARVAE TABLE 3.25 MACROBENTHOS TABLE 3.26 MEIOBENTHOS TABLE 3.27 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE IN THE STUDY AREA VILLAGES TABLE 3.28 LITERACY PROFILE IN THE STUDY AREA TABLE 3.29 OCCUPATIONAL PROFILE IN THE STUDY AREA VILLAGES TABLE 3.30 AGE WISE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION OF MOOKAIYUR VILLAGE TABLE 3.31 COMMUNITY WISE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION OF MOOKAIYUR VILLAGE TABLE 3.32 EDUCATIONAL STATUS OF FISHERMEN OF MOOKAIYUR VILLAGE TABLE 3.33 EMPLOYMENT STATUS OF FISHERMEN OF MOOKAIYUR VILLAGE TABLE 3.34 HOUSING DETAILS OF MOOKAIYUR VILLAGE TABLE 3.35 DETAILS OF FISHING CRAFTS OF MOOKAIYUR VILLAGE TABLE 3.36 MODE OF MARKETING OF FISHES IN MOOKAIYUR VILLAGE TABLE 4.1 AVERAGE NOISE LEVELS GENERATED BY THE OPERATION OF VARIOUS CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT TABLE 4.2 PREDICTED NOISE LEVELS DUE TO THE OPERATION OF VARIOUS CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT TABLE 4.3 VARIATION IN NOISE LEVEL DUE TO VEHICULAR MOVEMENT TABLE 4.4 COST ESTIMATES FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT TABLE 4.5 FUEL COMBUSTION DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE WAPCOS Centre for Environment Page 6 of 8 Contents EIA Studies for reconstruction of Fish Landing Centre at Mookaiyur, Ramanathapuram District Department of Fisheries TABLE 4.6 SHORT-TERM (24 HR) INCREASE IN CONCENTRATION OF SO2 (G/M3) TABLE 5.1 COST ESTIMATES FOR SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT TABLE 5.2 COST ESTIMATES FOR SANITARY FACILITIES FOR LABOUR CAMPS TABLE 5.3 MAXIMUM EXPOSURE PERIODS FOR DIFFERENT NOISE LEVELS AS PER OSHA TABLE 5.4 RECOMMENDED SPECIES FOR GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT TABLE 7.1 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME FOR IMPLEMENTATION DURING PROJECT CONSTRUCTION PHASE TABLE 7.2 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME FOR IMPLEMENTATION DURING PROJECT OPERATION PHASE FIGURES LOCATION MAP OF MOOKAIYUR FISH LANDING CENTRE Fig 2.1 PROPOSED LAYOUT FOR THE MOOKAIYUR FISH LANDING CENTRE Fig 2.2 CRZ MAP OF THE PROJECT AREA Fig 2.3 Fig 3.1 STUDY AREA MAP Fig 3.2 RAW IMAGE OF THE PROPOSED MOOKAIYUR FISH LANDING CENTRE Fig 3.3 CLASSIFIED IMAGE OF THE PROPOSED MOOKAIYUR FISH LANDING CENTRE MARINE SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR WATER AND SEDIMENT QUALITY AND BIOTA Fig 3.4 PHOTOS OF SAMPLING LOCATIONS Fig 3.5 DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE IN THE STUDY AREA VILLAGES Fig 3.6 LITERACY PROFILE IN THE STUDY AREA VILLAGES Fig 3.7 OCCUPATIONAL PROFILE IN THE STUDY AREA VILLAGES Fig 3.8 REPRESENTATIVE MAP OF FISH LANDING CENTER AND AREA TO BE DREDGED Fig 4.1 WAPCOS Centre for Environment Page 7 of 8 Contents EIA Studies for reconstruction of Fish Landing Centre Department of Fisheries at Mookaiyur , Ramanathapuram District EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION The proposed Mookaiyur Fish Landing Centre is to be located in Mookaiyur fishing village which is one of the oldest Fish Landing Centre where fishing activities are predominantly carried out. Fishing boats from neighbouring villages Narippaiyur, T.Mariyur and Oppilam also land their crafts in Mookaiyur. In order to support the fishermen livelihood of Mookaiyur and nearby villages, the Fisheries Department, Government of Tamil Nadu intends to reconstruct the existing fish landing center along with a Breakwater and Wharf that will enable access to fishermen throughout the year.