The Journal of Immunology the American Association Of

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The Journal of Immunology the American Association Of

II THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY EDITED BY AaTHUR F. COCA AND JOHN C. TORREY BOARD OF EDITORS J. F. ANDERSON DENNIS EMBLETON W.H. ~{ANWARING New Brunswick, N.J. London, England Loland Stanford Jr. Univ. JOHN AUI,;R L.W. FAMULENER St. Loui, St. Luke'8 Hospital, N.Y. J" lt'{CINTOSlt A. BItEINI, J. ('~. FITZGERALD London, England TowtmviHe. Queoaslan,], University of Toronto C.J. ~ARTIN AuatralbL WILI,IAM W. FORD London. England J. }~~I{ONFI']N BRI']NNER Johrm Hopkins University Sty. Louis ~{" J, I~OSENAU C. H. BItOWNING F.P. GAY !Harvard University Gh~sgow. Scotland Coil.of Phys.& Surg., N.Y. J. HENDERSON SMITH ~VILLIAM I~ULI,OCI[ J. ~V. JOBBING London, England Londorl, ]':r|~]and Coll. of Phys. & Surg., N. Y. RUFUS J. COLE JOHN A. I{OLMER 1~,. P. STRONG Harvard University Rockefeller hmtitute University of Ponrmylvania It. R. ])EAN hllTSUJI KOSAKAI F.H. TEALE University of Cambridge, Sendai, Japan London, England Cambridge, England GEORGES DREYER PRESTONI(VES H.G. WELLS Oxford, England University of Chicago Univernity of Chicago WIImI,M J. ELSER J.C.G. LEDIN(]HAM HANS ZINSSER Cornell University London, England Harvard University THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF IMMUNOLOGISTS OFFICERS AND COUNCIL Dr. Stanhope Bayne-Joncs, President PAST PRESIDENTS University of Rochester Medical School Dr. Gerald B. Webb Rochester, N.Y. Dr. James W. Jobling Dr. Arthur F. Coco, See'y-Treas. Dr. John A. Kolmer 8 West 16th Street Dr. William H. Park New York City Dr. G. W. McCoy Dr. Arthur F. Coco Dr. Rufus I. Cole Dr. Stanhope Bayne-Jones Dr. Hans Zinsser Dr. Oswald T. Avery Dr. Richard Well Dr. Eugene L. Opie Dr. Frederick P. Gay Dr. Karl Landsteiner Dr. F. G. Novy Dr. Ludvig Hektoen Dr. W. H. R{anwaring Entered as se¢ond-ch~ matter February 21, 1916, at the Post-O.qico at Baltimore, Maryland, under the act of March 3, 1879. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section II03, Aot of October 3, 1917. Authorized on August 16, 1918 Copyright, 1931, by The Williams & Wilkins Company .

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René Dubos, Tuberculosis, and the “Ecological Facets of Virulence”
HPLS (2017) 39:15 DOI 10.1007/s40656-017-0142-5 ORIGINAL PAPER René Dubos, tuberculosis, and the “ecological facets of virulence” Mark Honigsbaum1 Received: 15 January 2017 / Accepted: 23 June 2017 / Published online: 4 July 2017 © The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract Reflecting on his scientific career toward the end of his life, the French- educated medical researcher Rene´ Dubos presented his flowering as an ecological thinker as a story of linear progression—the inevitable product of the intellectual seeds planted in his youth. But how much store should we set by Dubos’s account of his ecological journey? Resisting retrospective biographical readings, this paper seeks to relate the development of Dubos’s ecological ideas to his experimental practices and his career as a laboratory researcher. In particular, I focus on Dubos’s studies of tuberculosis at the Rockefeller Institute in the period 1944–1956—studies which began with an inquiry into the tubercle bacillus and the physiochemical determinants of virulence, but which soon encompassed a wider investigation of the influence of environmental forces and host–parasite interactions on susceptibility and resistance to infection in animal models. At the same time, through a close reading of Dubos’s scientific papers and correspondence, I show how he both drew on and distinguished his ecological ideas from those of other medical researchers such as Theobald Smith, Frank Macfarlane Burnet, and Frank Fenner. However, whereas Burnet and Fenner tended to view ecological interactions at the level of populations, Dubos focused on the interface of hosts and parasites in the physio- logical environments of individuals.
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