ISSN (Online) - 2349-8846 Uttar Pradesh - Communal Polarisation vs Caste Calculus A K VERMA Vol. 49, Issue No. 18, 03 May, 2014 A K Verma (
[email protected]) is with the Department of Political Science, Christ Church College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh. After a long time, the focus of the electorate in Uttar Pradesh is on the two national parties much to the discomfiture of regional ones. Whether Narendra Modi and the Bharatiya Janata Party stand to gain from the changing caste dynamics in the state or the Congress from the increased communal polarisation post-Muzzafarnagar riots, is difficult to say. The 16th parliamentary elections in Uttar Pradesh (UP) have brought to the fore the collapse of the traditional model of caste and communal politics in the state. While the communal polarisation in the state might help the Congress, the realignment of castes might boost the Bharatiya Janata Party’s (BJP) prospects. This reconfiguration of the caste- communal model combined with developmental aspirations of electors is likely to produce stunning results. Notwithstanding the presence of traditionally strong regional players such as the Samajwadi Party (SP) and the Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP), the nature of contest in the state this time is largely bipartisan; the electorate focusing mainly on national parties. New Communal Model Though many see UP voters voting on communal lines, existing data does not support this proposition. The BJP, symbolising communal politics, rightly or wrongly, was politically marginlised after the demolition of Babri Masjid on 6 December 1992. This is clearly evident in BJPs declining tally over the years in assembly elections (1991: 221, 1993:178, 1996:174, 2002: 88, 2007:51, 2012:47).