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Contribution of Asian Businesses and Asian Citizens to the Economy of Texas

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Contribution of Asian Businesses and Asian Citizens to the Economy of Texas Contribution of Asian Businesses and Asian citizens to the economy of Texas Chinatown Center, Austin TX 0 Table of Contents Table of Contents ......................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 3 The Dallas Region ........................................................................................................... 5 Part 1: Asian people living in the Dallas area ............................................................... 6 1.1 Asian people per county: Dallas, Collin and Denton ....................................... 6 1.2 Asian people in the City of Dallas ....................................................................... 9 1.3 Asian population in other cities: Plano, Richardson, Farmers Branch, Addison, Allen, Frisco, McKinney, Irving, Carrolton, Coppell, Lewisville, Garland ................. 12 Part 2: Asian-owned firms in the Dallas region .......................................................... 15 2.1 Asian-owned firms per county: Dallas, Collin and Denton ................................ 15 2.2 Asian-owned firms in the City of Dallas ............................................................ 17 2.3 Asian-owned firms in other cities: Plano, Richardson, Farmers Branch, Addison, Allen, Frisco, McKinney, Irving, Carrolton, Coppell, Lewisville, Garland ................. 18 The Austin Region ......................................................................................................... 43 Part 1: Asian people living in the Austin area ............................................................. 44 1.1 Asian people per county: Williamson and Travis County .................................. 44 1.2 Asian people in the City of Austin ..................................................................... 47 1.3 Asian population in the City of Round Rock ...................................................... 49 Part 2: Asian-owned firms in the Austin region .......................................................... 51 2.1 Asian-owned firms per county: Williamson and Travis ..................................... 51 2.2 Asian-owned firms in the City of Austin ........................................................... 52 2.3 Asian-owned firms in Round Rock ................................................................... 54 The San Antonio Region ............................................................................................... 70 Part 1: Asian people living in the San Antonio area ................................................... 71 1.1 Asian people in Bexar County........................................................................... 71 1.2 Asian people in San Antonio City ...................................................................... 73 Part 2: Asian-owned firms in the San Antonio region ................................................. 75 2.1 Asian-owned firms in Bexar County .................................................................. 75 2.2 Asian-owned firms in the City of San Antonio .................................................. 77 The Houston Region ..................................................................................................... 88 1 Part 1: Asian people living in the Houston area ......................................................... 89 1.1 Asian people per county: Harris and Fort Bend ............................................... 89 1.2 Asian people in the City of Houston .................................................................. 91 1.3 Asian population in other cities: Bellaire, Missouri, South Side Place, Stafford, Sugarland, West University City ............................................................................. 93 Part 2: Asian-owned firms in the Houston region ....................................................... 97 2.1 Asian-owned firms per county: Harris and Ford Bend ...................................... 97 2.2 Asian-owned firms in the City of Houston ......................................................... 99 2.3 Asian-owned firms in other cities: Stafford, Sugarland ................................... 101 Conclusion ............................................................................................................... 118 References ............................................................................................................... 119 2 Introduction Asian Americans are sometimes characterized as a model minority because their cultures encourage a strong work ethic, a respect for elders, a high degree of professional and academic success, and emphasis on family, education and religion. Statistics such as high average household incomes and low incarceration rates, low rates of many diseases and higher than average life expectancy are also seen as positive aspects of Asian American groups. Although this “model minority” image has been highly criticized (Hurh and Kim, 1989), recent sociological studies have shown that certain Asian ethnicities like Chinese and Japanese achieve a higher mean schooling years (15 years as compared to 13 for non-Hispanic whites) and can actually earn more than white people by as much as 7 percent (Sakamoto, Wu and Tzeng, 2000). Such statistics help to mask the wide range of cultural and socioeconomic diversity among the many ethnic groups considered Asian American. No state more than Texas takes pride in its heritage, and Asian Texans, through their collective and individual actions, have helped to make Texas what it is today. As an example, Chinese Texans of the nineteenth century helped to build railroads such as the Houston & Texas Central and Southern Pacific. The Galveston Chinese established perhaps the first major Chinatown in Texas, and served their city valiantly during the Galveston Storm of 1900. Japanese Texans helped to make rice a viable industry in east Texas in the early twentieth century. In World War II, Japanese Americans of the 442nd Regiment valiantly rescued the Texas "Lost Battalion" from Nazi onslaught even as their compatriots were confined at the Crystal City internment camp. In the 1970's and 1980's, Vietnamese Texans fought against intolerance for people of all national origins to work in commercial fishing and shrimping along the Texas coast in one of the most important civil rights struggles of Texas history. Korean Texans in small military towns established major Korean American communities that prospered along the years. Texas is home to one of the nation's largest South Asian American populations. One great figure among this population is Houstonian Kalpana Chawla, the first Indian American Woman to fly in outer space with the 1997 Space Shuttle Mission, who perished as a hero in the disintegration of space shuttle Columbia. 3 Texans of South Asian, Southeast Asian, and East Asian descent helped form the foundations of the high-tech, medical, retail and academic industries of Texas. Asian Texans have made an impact on the state's political profile, serving as city council members, state legislators, and mayors. Texas is also one of the five states with the greatest number of Asian-owned businesses in the US and as of 2000, home to the third highest population of Asian Americans exceeded only by California and New York. The purpose of this study to make the Asian community and its economic impact in the state of Texas more visible to local media and government representatives, and hopefully influence future policies. This report will present the most recent city and county-level available information regarding Asian American population and Asian American businesses, as well as their contribution to the economy of Texas. The study is divided into four parts, corresponding to four main regions of Texas: Dallas, Houston, San Antonio and Austin. Each of the four parts includes a comparative analysis of the Asian population in the region, by county, main city and other cities, in terms of demographics, educational attainment, earnings, housing tenure, and some consumer preferences, compared to the total population in the respective county or city. The data used is provided in the 2005-2009 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates as well as from the 2007- 2009 American Community Survey 3-Year Estimates, the most recent datasets of the American Census to contain such detailed information about separate ethnicities. In each section, the description of Asian population is followed by a review of Asian-owned companies in that particular region, by county, main city and other cities, with information regarding the number of Asian companies, number of companies with employees, number of employees, receipts, payrolls, progress since the last Census compared to other businesses, and types of businesses. This data is drawn from the 2007 Survey of Business Owners, the last of survey of companies by race and ethnicity performed by the American Census, as well as from the 2002 Survey of Business of business owners for comparative purposes. 4 The Dallas Region 5 Part 1: Asian people living in the Dallas area 1.1 Asian people per county: Dallas, Collin, and Denton Figure 1 below represents the population dynamics of the Asian population in the three counties between 2002 and 2009. Fig. 1: Evolution of Asian populalation in the counties of Dallas, Collin, Denton 110530 120000 103995 103685 107607 97573 95310 99551 100000 90316 76666 70023 71480 80000 64396
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