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SUPPLEMENT TO kidney INTERNATIONAL KDIGO 2021 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease VOLUME 99 | ISSUE 3S | MARCH 2021 www.kidney-international.org ASSOCIATE EDITORS P. Toby Coates, Adelaide Transplant and Immunology Olivier Devuyst, Zurich Physiology, Genetics, Kidney Cancer Tilman B. Drueke, Paris CKD, Hypertension, Nephrolithiasis EDITOR NEPHROLOGY DIGEST EDITOR Jürgen Floege, Aachen Pierre Ronco, Paris Christina Wyatt, New York Glomerulonephritis, CKD-MBD Clinical Investigation Agnes B. Fogo, Nashville Clinical and Experimental Renal Pathology STATISTICIANS T. Alp Ikizler, Nashville DEPUTY EDITOR Vic Hasselblad, Jacksonville Dialysis, Acute Kidney Injury, Nutrition, Metabolism Brad Rovin, Columbus Zhezhen Jin, New York Masaomi Nangaku, Tokyo Translational Nephrology Joseph Kim, Toronto Clinical and Experimental CKD Yi-Ju Li, Durham and Diabetic Kidney Disease PAST EDITORS Dorothea Nitsch, London Jai Radhakrishnan, New York Rajasekhar Ramakrishnan, New York Detlef Schlöndorff, New York Editor KIR, Clinical Studies, Images in Nephrology, Qais Al-Awqati, New York Make Your Diagnosis Saulo Klahr, St. Louis KI FELLOWSHIP INTERNS Germaine Wong, Sydney Thomas E. Andreoli, Little Rock Anna Francis, Brisbane Life Course Epidemiology, Health Economics Roscoe R. Robinson, Durham Sethu Madhavan, Columbus and Onconephrology EDITORIAL BOARD Anupam Agarwal, Birmingham Michelle Hladunewich, Toronto Mark Okusa, Charlottesville Evren Azeloglu, New York Fan Fan Hou, Guangzhou Juan Oliver, New York Sean Barbour, Vancouver Pascal Houillier, Paris Cristian Pattaro, Bolzano Jonathan Barratt, Leicester Chi-yuan Hsu, San Francisco Aldo Peixoto, West Haven David Basile, Indianapolis Tobias B. Huber, Hamburg Mark Perazella, New Haven John Bertram, Clayton Benjamin Humphreys, St. Louis Janos Peti-Peterdi, Los Angeles Peter Boor, Aachen Reiko Inagi, Tokyo Martin Pollak, Boston Frank Bridoux, Portiers Kenar Jhaveri, Great Neck Ambra Pozzi, Nashville Kirk Campbell, New York Jaap Joles, Utrecht Susan Quaggin, Chicago Daniel Cattran, Toronto Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Orange W. Brian Reeves, San Antonio Roberto Kalil, Iowa City Christos Chatziantoniou, Paris Heather Reich, Toronto Frederick Kaskel, New York Yi-pu Chen, Beijing Giuseppe Remuzzi, Bergamo Krzysztof Kiryluk, New York Philip Clayton, Adelaide Connie Rhee, Orange A. Richard Kitching, Clayton Steven Coca, New York Mariano Rodriguez, Cordoba Anna Koettgen, Freiburg Terence Cook, London Paola Romagnani, Firenze ’ Jeffrey Kopp, Bethesda Vivette D Agati, New York Avi Rosenberg, Bethesda Farhad Danesh, Chicago Matthias Kretzler, Ann Arbor Christian Kurts, Bonn Michael Ross, New York John Daugirdas, Chicago David Leaf, Boston Robert Safirstein, New Haven Andrew Davenport, London Christophe Legendre, Paris Simone Sanna-Cherchi, New York Marc De Broe, Antwerp Kevin Lemley, Los Angeles Mario Schiffer, Erlangen Vikas Dharnidharka, St. Louis Emmanuel Letavernier, Paris Johannes Schlondorff, Boston Kent Doi, Tokyo Adeera Levin, Vancouver Kai Schmidt-Ott, New York Jie Dong, Beijing Philip K.T. Li, Hong Kong Zheng Dong, Augusta Stephan Segerer, Aarau Christoph Licht, Toronto Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Berlin Kumar Sharma, La Jolla John Lieske, Rochester Somchai Eiam-Ong, Bangkok Natalie Staplin, Oxford Adrian Liew, Singapore Michael Emmett, Dallas Katalin Susztak, Philadelphia Melissa Little, Brisbane Yoshio Terada, Nankoku Roger Evans, Melbourne Wai Lim, Perth Tetsuhiro Tanaka, Tokyo Pieter Evenepoel, Leuven Kathleen Liu, San Francisco Sydney C.W. Tang, Hong Kong Robert Fairchild, Cleveland Youhua Liu, Pittsburgh Sarah Faubel, Denver Alexandre Loupy, Paris Ravi Thadhani, Boston Christian Faul, Birmingham Christopher Lu, Dallas Pierre-Louis Tharaux, Paris Fernando Fervenza, Rochester Friedrich Luft, Berlin Joshua Thurman, Denver Steven Fishbane, Mineola Johannes Mann, München Jens Titze, Singapore Danilo Fliser, Homburg Peter J. Margetts, Hamilton Marcello Tonelli, Edmonton Josephine Forbes, Brisbane Glen Markowitz, New York Hernan Trimarchi, Buenos Aires Alessia Fornoni, Miami Ziad Massy, Paris Frank van der Sande, Maastricht Barry Freedman, Winston-Salem Kunihiro Matsushita, Baltimore Marc Vervloet, Amsterdam Masafumi Fukagawa, Isehara Mignon McCulloch, Cape Town Marina Vivarelli, Rome Amit Garg, London, Ontario Timothy W. Meyer, Palo Alto Carsten Wagner, Zurich Vesna Garovic, Rochester Imari Mimura, Tokyo Angela Wang, Hong Kong Richard Glassock, Laguna Niguel Jeffrey Miner, St. Louis Donald Wesson, Temple David S. Goldfarb, New York Marcus Moeller, Aachen Jack Wetzels, Nijmegen Mark Haas, Los Angeles Jeremiah Morrissey, St. Louis Adam Whaley-Connell, Columbia Volker Haase, Nashville Rosa Moysés, São Paulo Keng-Thye Woo, Singapore Jan Halbritter, Leipzig David Nikolic-Paterson, Clayton Motoko Yanagita, Kyoto Peter C. Harris, Rochester Marina Noris, Ranica Xueqing Yu, Guangzhou John (Cijiang) He, New York Ikechi Okpechi, Cape Town Suzuki Yusuke, Tokyo www.kidney-international.org Scope Inquiries concerning recruitment/classified advertising should be addressed to: Kidney International is devoted to kidney research. It aims to inform the USA/Canada: Rob Issler, Tel: +1 321-400-8279, E-mail: robert.isslerjr@ researcher, the clinical investigator, and the practicing nephrologist on all aspects therapeuticsol.com; International: Elsevier Classified, Tel: 44 1425 462 736, E-mail: of kidney research. These include the latest clinical studies on emerging elsevierclassifi[email protected]. developments in nephrology and the highest level of original research studies in Supplements clinical and basic kidney research. 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This journal and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under This journal is covered by BIOSIS, Chemical Abstracts, EMBASE/Excerpta copyright by the International Society of Nephrology, and the following terms and Medica, Index Medicus/Medline, Science Citation Index, Current Contents/Life conditions apply to their use in addition to the terms of any Creative Commons or Sciences, Current Contents/Clinical Medicine, SciSearch, Reference Update, other use license that has been applied by the publisher to an individual article: CABS, Biological Abstracts, Global Health, EBSCO, Adonis, and PASCAL. Photocopying Editorial Single photocopies of single articles may be made for personal use as allowed by Manuscripts should be submitted online at http://mc.manuscriptcentral. national copyright laws. Permission is not required for photocopying of articles com/ki. 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    Dancing in the Street Funded by WORKBOOK WORK BOOK 6. Biennale Tanzausbildung 2018 HZT Berlin Dancing in the Street. Was bewegt Tanz? WORKBOOK Overview of the week. Offers for students. All events take place at Uferstudios MON_26.02. TUE_27.02. WED_28.02. THU_01.03. ST 14, 9:30 ST 14, 9:30 MORNING INPUT MORNING INPUT 10:15–11:45 10:15–11:45 10:15–11:45 TRAINING TRAINING TRAINING ST 12, 12:00–13:30 ST 12, 12:00–13:30 ARRIVAL LUNCH BREAK LUNCH BREAK 13:30 –17:30 13:30 –17:30 13:30 –17:30 WORKSHOP WORKSHOP WORKSHOP MA STUDENTS BA & MA BA & MA STUDENTS STUDENTS DINNER DINNER ST 12, 18:00 –19:00 ST 12, 18:00 –19:00 see extra schedule see extra schedule DINNER DINNER HAU1, HEBBEL HAU1, HEBBEL ST 14, 19:00 ST 1, 19:00 AM UFER AM UFER AIRE CARTE 19:00–22:00 19:00–22:00 Kirstie Simson BLANCHE– PERFORMANCES PERFORMANCES OPEN STUDIO 19:30-22:00 SHOWING PART A PART B IMPRO JAM Camille Chapon ST 1, 20:00 CONTEXT – DANCE – EDUCATION- ELSEWHERE RECEPTION & DINNER DINNER see extra schedule 2 unless otherwise stated. FRI_02.03. SAT_03.03. SUN_04.03. MON_05.03. 9:00–10:30 TRAINING ST 14, 9:30 ST 14, 9:30 MORNING INPUT MORNING INPUT RADIALSYSTEM V 9:30–10:30 WARM UP 10:15–11:45 10:15–11:45 TRAINING TRAINING RADIALSYSTEM V 10:45–11:30 ST 14, 11:00 –21:00 FEEDBACK SESSION PERFORMATIVE CONFERENCE 11:30–12:00 MATTERS BREAK OF ENGAGEMENT ST 12, 12:00–13:30 ST 12, 12:00–13:30 RADIALSYSTEM V LUNCH BREAK LUNCH BREAK 12:00–14:00 A CONVERSATION WITH SASHA WALTZ 13:30 –17:30 13:30-15:00 WORKSHOP WORKSHOP BA & MA BA & MA DEPARTURE STUDENTS STUDENTS 15:00-17:00 WORKSHOP SHARINGS ST 12, 18:00 –19:00 DINNER ST 14, FROM 19:00 DINNER AND PARTY HAU1, HEBBEL AM UFER, 20:00 DEBORAH HAY: AS HOLY SITES GO Meetings and offers for AK|T members and international guests.
  • Effects of Captopril and Losartan on Thermal and Chemical Induced Pain in Mice

    Effects of Captopril and Losartan on Thermal and Chemical Induced Pain in Mice

    Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2006; 50 (2) : 169–174 EFFECTS OF CAPTOPRIL AND LOSARTAN ON THERMAL AND CHEMICAL INDUCED PAIN IN MICE ROHIT*, CHAKRADHAR RAO US, GOPALA KRISHNA HN** Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore – 575 001 ( Received on May 20, 2005 ) Abstract : Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers antagonists (ARAs) are widely used compounds in various cardiovascular disorders. ACEIs, but not ARAs, inhibit the enzyme dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase which is involved in the conversion of angiotensin I to II and degradation of kinins like bradykinin and substance P. Bradykinin and substance P are potent mediators of inflammation and pain. Hence the study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of captopril (an ACEI) and losartan (an ARA-AT1 receptor antagonist) on thermal and chemical induced nocioception by employing hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing tests respectively in mice. Inbred albino mice weighing between 25-30 g were used and they were divided into two sets, each set containing 7 groups. Control groups received normal saline and the remaining six groups received three doses (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg) of captopril and three doses (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/kg) of losartan. Drugs were administered intraperitoneally fifteen minutes before placing the animal over the hot plate or 30 minutes before injecting 0.6% acetic acid. Both drugs dose dependently reduced the reaction time in hot plate method. In chemical induced writhing test, both the drugs reduced the latency of onset of writhing and in captopril pretreated groups, acetic acid induced sustained abdominal contraction without any intermittent relaxation.