DOCSLIB.ORG

Geologic Map of the Mt. Kailas-Gurla Mandhata Area, Southwest Tibet

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Geologic Map of the Mt. Kailas-Gurla Mandhata Area, Southwest Tibet A'''' km Geologic Map of the 6 5 4 3 2 1 K-Tg 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 -14 5600 Mt. Kailas-Gurla Mandhata Area, A'''' Kailas Magmatic Complex southwest Tibet 5400 5000 5800 K-Tg 78 E 81 E Mt. Kailas 6638 m Karakoram fault Kongur Shan Tibet Aksu-Rangkul Tarim Basin HIMALAYATIBET 30N fault 30N 5600 Muztagh Ata 38 N EPF Western IndochinaS. China INDOCHINA Karasu fault INDIA 5600 20N 5600 Kun Lun India Aksu-Mugab 12 strike-slip zone K-Tg Shan Tash Tv Karakoram Gurgan Tcg2 Batholith 70E 90E Q Karakax Fault Indus-Yalu 5800 36 N Tcg2 K2 36 N N 30 E Suture Zone 10 Gangdese Thrust Karakoram fault system Altyn Tagh Fault MKT reat Co Nanga Kc G u 5200 Karakoram n er Th 5400 Parbat 75 t rus Indus Molasse Batholith 18 t ISZ Kc Tcg2 Longmu Co-Gozha Co Fault sch Qal 34 N Tangtse sch Qal Tibetan Plateau 34 N High Himalaya 32 Domar-Wuijiang Thrust ss Mandong-Cuobei thrust northernmost Kailas Magmatic Complex Tso Morari Shiquanhe Tcg2 Shiquanhe Fault strand of the Karakoram 42 65 32 N Kc South Kailas 32 N fault system Ladakh-Gangdese STDS Thrust Kailas Conglomerate Batholith 50 40 30 Indus-Tsangpo Suture Zone Darchan Mt. Kailas 60 Main Boundary Thrust AWC South Kailas Thrust Lm Tcg1 Gurla Kc A''' Accretionary Wedge Complex 30 N Mandhata lm 0 100 200 30 N Qal sch Great Counter Thrust km Map Location 78 E 81 E ss AWC Yiema Fm. (Xigaze foreland basin deposits) northern strand of Karakoram fault A''' 4600 Pl Kc Quaternary units Gurla Mandhata footwall Landslide deposits Qls agn Mylonitic augen gneiss Qal Glacial deposits coarse clastic deposits, Qg Mylonitic marble poorly sorted containing boulder-size clasts mbl Qal Alluvial Fan Deposits cobble-pebble gravel, Qaf Mylonitic biotite schist, marble, A''' sand and silt bs leucogranite dikes and sills Qc Alluvial Deposits cobble-pebble gravel, Qal Mylonitic gneiss, leucogranite ud sand, silt, and clay gn dikes and sills T River Terrace deposits cobble-pebble gravel, J-K Qtr2 sand, silt, and clay mig Migmatite Barga Older river terrace deposits cobble-pebble ? Qtr1 gravel, sand and silt mlg Mylonitic leucogranite Qc Pl Colluvial deposits boulder-cobble-pebble Qc gravel and sand Tlg Leucogranite Pulan basin strata Mapam Yum Co area upper conglomerate unit boulder-cobble- Volcanic center? Tcg3 pebble gravel and sand Pl Agglomerate interlayered Pl Tcg2 middle conglomerate unit cobble-pebble- gravel, sand, silt and clay Ta2 with vesiculated volcanic flows Pl ud ud T T lower conglomerate unit pebble-gravel, sand Agglomerate, siltstone, Tcg1 silt, and clay Ta1 sandstone 4800 Pl ud T Pl Tethyan Metasedimentary Sequence Kiogar/Jungbwa ophiolitic rocks 54 including mantle-type rocks, Qc Cretaceous- hale and limestone Pl Ks s norite, dunite, harzburgite 66 19 Op1 Mt. Kailas Area ud 75 Js Jurassic shale-contains ammonites T 20 47 Kailas magmatic complex, 45 Undifferentiated Triassic silty limestone, K-Tg Pl Cretaceous-Tertiary granitoids 25 19 45 25 Tud sandstone, and siltstone 30 19 ? 41 59 Z-Cqs Tcg2 Tertiary Kailas conglomerate Pl Permian limestone Cretaceous Yiema formation, Jiwu Gompa Devonian quartzite Kc N Dqs conglomerate and sandstone Cretaceous limestone Z-Cqs Sl Silurian phyllite with minor quartzite Lm 0 2 4 50 15.8 km on this thrust 20.2 fed into the Permian Triassic contact Km 49 Op2 Ordovician limestone, quartzite, tan phyllite ss sandstone unit of unknown age contour interval 200m Qc Mapam Yum Co Ordovician phyllite-reddish purple crinoid Op1 bearing shales sch schist of unknown age serpentinized ophiolitic rocks, Qal + Ql Precambrian-Cambrian quartzite Qal Z-Cqs Z-Cqs Kiogar/Jungbwa ophiolite AWC interpreted as accretionary wedge complex Z-Ccs Precambrian-Cambrian calc-silicate rocks 25 Tcg2 4800 20 42 82 56 37 Op1 37 Op1 15 Qal Folds Arrows indicate the dip direction of the fold 44 47 70 ? Geologic Symbols limbs. Arrow oriented parallel to the trace of the fold Tcg2 axis indicates the plunge direction.Dashed where Pl approximately located and dotted where concealed. Qaf 4600 Lithologic contact dashed where approximately 4600 Qaf located or inferred, dotted where concealed or inferred. Ta1 N 28 E ud + Js? T Faults dashed where approximately located or Overturned anticline Syncline Anticline Qaf 5 Qal + Ql Qaf 5 inferred, dotted where concealed or inferred. Arrows 65 Ta2 12 indicate dip of the fault and orientation of lineations. 10 18 Ta1 Ta2 12 Where two arrows exist, the greater number indicates small-scale small-scale the dip. 72 syncline anticline 65 4545 11 39 43 31 39 5 32 31 4444 32 volcanic center? 11 Strike-slip fault opposing arrows indicate the 54 volcanic center? horizontal inclined overturned sense of horizontal motion along the fault. 3232 32 25 QafQaf Strike and dip of beds Ta2 Qaf barbs on hanging wall 16 19 Volcanic cone? Thrust fault 21 6 Tcg2 59 50 transposed bedding mylonitic foliation Qal 4800 younger older Normal fault bar and ball on hanging wall Strike and dip of foliation Cleavage 41 La'nga Co 4572 m 31 6 Qal + Ql rock sample ud + Js? small-scale ductile normal fault 97-8-6-2 International border 40 30 and/or T mapping station spring Tcg2 Detachment fault (low-angle normal fault) southern most strand of Mapam Yum Co 4586 m box on hanging wall- open box on older road Z-Cqs detachament (GMDF 1), closed box on the Karakoram fault younger detachment (GMDF 2) La'nga Co 31 72 23 11 4752 76 65 dunnite 4800 and norite 31 5000 51 ? ud + Js? 21 T Qal 5000 36 60 47 southern strand of Karakoram fault 97-8-17-2 Qaf Kiogar/Jungbwa ophiolite thrust sheet 30 Qal Js 33 31 Qg 4600 Qaf Qg Qg Kiogar/Jungbwa ophiolite 4400 12 219 65 Qaf 55 24 34 60 15 12 7 44 Qaf agn Qal 4 6 mlg 65 12 26 5 9 Qal 21 22 2 5 Qtr2 30 41 62 23 8 30 A'' bs Namarodi Gorge 3 59 Qaf 37 6 33 Qtr2 Qal 50 Qc 54 11 49 53 Qtr2 41 Qal 62 75 6 62 A'' 54 18 agn Qtr2 5800 4104 Qal K 62 Qaf Qtr2 Qg 22 24 A' A'' 5600 18 5000 6800 gn Qc Qg Ks 15 Qal 6400 19 magn 276 46 35 5 Dqs 21 36 21 Qg mlg 15 gn 6200 35 21 Qtr2 Qg 6800 25 Dqs bs 6085 4800 4200 Sl 5400 4400 gn 22 Gurla Mandhata ud + Js? 4200 Qtr2 20 15 22 7728m T Sl 6000 19 Namarodi 5800 Tso Tud + Js? 6400 Pl Qc mig Dqs 5200 Nepal gn Pl 15 31 China 45 5 5652 5582 Qg 45 17 41 21 5600 Qtr2 15 ud + Js? 4600 mbl 4600 15 34 T Qal + Qaf Qg 11 Dqs gn 22 13 Sl 32 41 22 17 Op1 21 55 Sl 51 35 41 A 12 22 mbl Op2 65 11 Ronggua Gorge 5800 Qal Z-Cqs-cs 22 Qg Op1+2 45 13 13 32 36 5400 Op1 Qtr 25 45 Qg N 05 E 58 21 Sl 4800 30 Tcg2 bs 18 3937 Op2 4000 Tcg3 Qtr Dqs Sl Qal Op1 Pl Qtr Dqs Pl 19 Tcg2 62 15 31 2 GMDF 1 gn 5 5 33 13 15 31 5000 Tcg3 Tcg2 5 17 11 4 27 60 Tcg2 7 12 26 Op1 4600 11 12 Tcg2 mig Op1 27 3 S Op2 18 GMDF 2 South Tibetan Detachment System Qtr km Tcg1 Pulan Tcg3 Tcg2 4205 Z-Cqs-cs Sl Op1+2 Tcg3 30 13 4200 43 Pl 7 10 Dqs 21 7 65 10 8 5448 4600 Tcg2 21 21 Tcg3 4600 7 A' 4392 Qtr 23 Dqs P Pl Op2 72 20 17 45 Op1 36 Op1 12 A' Op2 Tcg3 Tcg3 25 T 25 Tud 5248 54 6 14 Tcg3 4600 Qtr 22 5 Tcg3 20 Qal Op1 59 + 9 Tcg2 21 Qaf 22 46 37 8 29 15 37 Dqs 10 12 4800 India 12 4 4000 32 29 16 26 Dqs Dqs 24 Tcg2 15 Op1+2 5000 Qg 31 Lipu Lak 43 31 35 Op1+2 45 25 Sl 5098 63 5257 Qg Pl Pl 18 Dqs Qtr Pl 22 33 14 Tcg2 35 15 Qaf China Js 35 4334 12 28 Qc 5200 15 ud + Js 34 4939 Qtr T Nepal 4200 Tcg2 23 4200 Qg 45 Qls 36 Qtr 69 Qal Op1 Qal Qc Qtr 3734 Qtr 0 2 4 6 8 + 55 N 30 W 5258 Op1+2 Main Central Thrust Qaf Kejia Pl Tinkar Lipu Dqs Qaf 47 Qc Qls Op2 Qtr Tud Tlg Qaf bs 61 Z-Ccs 65 Dqs Pl 59 4405 41 36 Sl 12 Qls Qg Op1 75 37 76 32 4400 32 47 Qal 12 62 Qaf China 5200 Z-Cqs 28 Qaf 18 40 85 Nepal Sl 4600 26 10 380065 18 24 Lesser Himalayan Sequence Op1 Greater Himalayan Crystalline Sequence A 38 46 4400 61 A 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 Qaf -4 -5 -6 -7 -8 -9 -10 -11 -12 -13 4052 -14 Qg km Qg 5000.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Example from the Himalaya
    Three-dimensional strain accumulation and partitioning in an arcuate orogenic wedge: An example from the Himalaya Suoya Fan†, and Michael A. Murphy Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA ABSTRACT high-elevation, low-relief surface in the 1939; Gansser, 1964; Le Fort, 1975; Burg and Mugu-Dolpa region of west Nepal. We pro- Chen, 1984; Pêcher, 1989). This suggests along- In this study, we use published geologic pose that these results can be explained by strike continuity in the structural architecture, maps and cross-sections to construct a three- oblique convergence along a megathrust with tectonostratigraphy, and possible evolution. dimensional geologic model of major shear an along-strike and down-dip heterogeneous However, several studies have since observed zones that make up the Himalayan orogenic coupling pattern infuenced by frontal and and better understand that signifcant differences wedge. The model incorporates microseis- oblique ramps along the megathrust. exist (e.g., Paudel and Arita, 2002; Thiede et al., micity, megathrust coupling, and various de- 2006; Yin, 2006; Murphy, 2007; Hintersberger rivatives of the topography to address several INTRODUCTION et al., 2010; Webb et al., 2011; Carosi et al., questions regarding observed crustal strain 2013). In the western and central Himalaya, patterns and how they are expressed in the Studies on the growth of orogenic wedges geologic features indicative of different along- landscape. These questions include: (1) How usually focus on processes normal to the strike strike structural styles and histories comprise does vertical thickening vary along strike of of the orogen by assuming plane strain defor- thrust duplexes, gneiss domes, and intermontane the orogen? (2) What is the role of oblique mation.
    [Show full text]
  • Syncollisional Extension Along the India–Asia Suture Zone, South-Central Tibet: Implications for Crustal Deformation of Tibet
    ARTICLE IN PRESS EPSL-10123; No of Pages 11 Earth and Planetary Science Letters xxx (2010) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth and Planetary Science Letters journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/epsl Syncollisional extension along the India–Asia suture zone, south-central Tibet: Implications for crustal deformation of Tibet M.A. Murphy a,⁎, V. Sanchez a, M.H. Taylor b a University of Houston, 312 Science and Research Bldg. 1, Houston, TX 772004-5007, United States b Department of Geology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, United States article info abstract Article history: Crustal deformation models of the Tibetan plateau are assessed by investigating the nature of Neogene Received 15 October 2009 deformation along the India–Asia suture zone through geologic mapping in south-central Tibet (84°30′E). Received in revised form 18 November 2009 Our mapping shows that the suture zone is dominated by a system of 3 to 4 ENE-striking, south-dipping Accepted 20 November 2009 thrust faults, rather than strike-slip faults as predicted by models calling upon eastward extrusion of the Available online xxxx Tibetan plateau. Faults along the suture zone are not active, as they are cut by a system of NNW-striking Editor: T.M. Harrison oblique slip normal faults, referred to herein as the Lopukangri fault system. Fault-slip data from the Lopukangri fault system shows that the mean slip direction of its hanging wall is N36W. We estimate the net Keywords: slip on the Lopukangri fault by restoring components of the thrust system. We estimate that the fault has Himalaya accommodated ∼7 km of right-slip and ∼8 km of normal dip-slip, yielding a net slip of ∼10.5 km, and 6 km Tibet of horizontal east–west extension.
    [Show full text]
  • This Article Appeared in a Journal Published by Elsevier. the Attached Copy Is Furnished to the Author for Internal Non-Commerci
    This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Tectonophysics 501 (2011) 28–40 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Tectonophysics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tecto Cenozoic anatexis and exhumation of Tethyan Sequence rocks in the Xiao Gurla Range, Southwest Tibet Alex Pullen a,⁎, Paul Kapp a, Peter G. DeCelles a, George E. Gehrels a, Lin Ding b a Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA b Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China article info abstract Article history: In order to advance our understanding of the suturing process between continental landmasses, a geologic Received 5 March 2010 and geochronologic investigation was undertaken just south of the India–Asia suture in southwestern Tibet. Received in revised form 30 December 2010 The focus of this study, the Xiao Gurla Range, is located near the southeastern terminus of the active, right- Accepted 5 January 2011 lateral strike-slip Karakoram fault in southwestern Tibet.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge Asian History History 1990 The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia Derek Waller Vanderbilt University Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Waller, Derek, "The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia" (1990). Asian History. 1. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_asian_history/1 THE PUNDITS For Penny THE PUNDITS British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia DEREK WALLER THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY Publication of this volume was made possible in part by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities. Copyright© 1990 by The University Press of Kentucky Paperback edition 2004 The University Press of Kentucky Scholarly publisher for the Commonwealth, serving Bellarmine University, Berea College, Centre College of Kentucky, Eastern Kentucky University, The Filson Historical Society, Georgetown College, Kentucky Historical Society, Kentucky State University, Morehead State University, Murray State University, Northern Kentucky University, Transylvania University, University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Western Kentucky University. All rights reserved. Editorial and Sales Offices: The University Press of Kentucky 663 South Limestone Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40508-4008 www.kentuckypress.com Maps in this book were created by Lawrence Brence. Relief rendering from The New International Atlas © 1988 by Rand McNally & Co., R.L.
    [Show full text]
  • Quaternary Glaciation of Gurla Mandhata (Naimon’Anyi) 57 3 58 4 A,* B C a 59 5 Lewis A
    Our reference: JQSR 2724 P-authorquery-v7 AUTHOR QUERY FORM Journal: JQSR Please e-mail or fax your responses and any corrections to: E-mail: [email protected] Article Number: 2724 Fax: +31 2048 52789 Dear Author, Any queries or remarks that have arisen during the processing of your manuscript are listed below and highlighted by flags in the proof. Please check your proof carefully and mark all corrections at the appropriate place in the proof (e.g., by using on-screen annotation in the PDF file) or compile them in a separate list. For correction or revision of any artwork, please consult http://www.elsevier.com/artworkinstructions. Articles in Special Issues: Please ensure that the words ‘this issue’ are added (in the list and text) to any references to other articles in this Special Issue. Uncited references: References that occur in the reference list but not in the text e please position each reference in the text or delete it from the list. Missing references: References listed below were noted in the text but are missing from the reference list e please make the list complete or remove the references from the text. Location in Query / remark article Please insert your reply or correction at the corresponding line in the proof Q1 Please update the reference Dortch et al., in press Electronic file usage Sometimes we are unable to process the electronic file of your article and/or artwork. If this is the case, we have proceeded by: , Scanning (parts of) your article , Rekeying (parts of) your article , Scanning the artwork Thank you for your assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Feasibility Assessment Report
    Chapter 2 – Description of Target Landscape Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation Initiative Feasibility Assessment Report 1 Kang Rinpoche གངས་རིན་པོ་ཆེ – Gangrénboqí Feng 冈仁波齐峰 – Kaila´sa Parvata s}nfz kj{t Kailash Sacred Landscape Conservation Initiative Feasibility Assessment Report Editors Robert Zomer Krishna Prasad Oli International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Kathmandu, Nepal, July 2011 Published by International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development GPO Box 3226, Kathmandu, Nepal Copyright © 2011 International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) All rights reserved. Published 2011 ISBN 978 92 9115 209 4 (printed) 978 92 9115 211 7 (electronic) LCCN 2011-312010 Photos: p 6, Sally Walkerman; p 38, Govinda Basnet; all others, Robert Zomer Printed and bound in Nepal by Sewa Printing Press, Kathmandu, Nepal Production team Isabella Bassignana-Khadka (Consultant editor) Susan Sellars-Shrestha (Consultant editor) Andrea Perlis (Senior editor) A Beatrice Murray (Senior editor) Dharma R Maharjan (Layout and design) Asha Kaji Thaku (Editorial assistant) Note This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. ICIMOD would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from ICIMOD. The views and interpretations in this publication are those of the author(s). They are not attributable to ICIMOD and do not imply the expression of any opinion concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or the endorsement of any product.
    [Show full text]
  • Destination Himalaya Sacred Mountains & Lakes of Tibet
    Destination Himalaya Tours For The Adventurous Traveler Sacred Mountains & Lakes of Tibet In the Footsteps of the Early Explorers Sunset on the North Face of Mt. Everest © Jeff Davis Guge Kingdom Pangong & Manasarovar Lakes Kailash, Shishapangma & Everest May 5th – 20, 2014 (Sagadawa Festival) September 13th – 28th, 2014 October 4th – 19th, 2014 16 Days, Moderate High Altitude Touring 807 Grant Ave. Suite A • Novato, CA 94945 • Ph: 1.415.895.5283 or 1.800.694.6342 • Fax: 1.415-895-5284 www.DestinationHimalaya.net • [email protected] "The center of high snow mountains; The source of great rivers; a lofty country, a pure land." - Unknown Tibetan poet Roof of the Potala Palace n the Roof of the World. Locked away for centuries, Tibet has always held a unique place in the human imagination, conjuring an unearthly realm beyond our reach. What causes our enduring fascination with Tibet? Surely its inaccessibility, mysterious gimps, lunar Olandscape and tenacious people transfix us. In this isolated land cut off from the world for all but the last century, beauty and strangeness appear in equal measure. Frozen peaks and windy flatlands constitute the landscape of this high desert plateau. Beneath an often crystal-blue sky, the Tibetan people exist in a medieval world. Since the occupation by the Chinese, their endurance has been tested both physically and spiritually. Yet despite the hardships of their daily lives, Tibetans remain tolerant and good-humored. Your encounters with these hardy people will leave you with a profound respect for the culture that binds man and women to the cosmos with such generosity of spirit.
    [Show full text]
  • Thermochronologic Constraints on the Late Cenozoic Exhumation History of the Gurla Mandhata Metamorphic Core Complex, Southwestern Tibet
    KU ScholarWorks | http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu Please share your stories about how Open Access to this article benefits you. Thermochronologic constraints on the late Cenozoic exhumation history of the Gurla Mandhata metamorphic core complex, Southwestern Tibet by A. T. McCallister et al. 2013 This is the published version of the article, made available with the permission of the publisher. The original published version can be found at the link below. A. T. McCallister et al. (2013). Thermochronologic constraints on the late Cenozoic exhumation history of the Gurla Mandhata metamorphic core complex, Southwestern Tibet. Tectonics Published version: http://www.dx.doi.org/10.1002/2013TC003302 Terms of Use: http://www2.ku.edu/~scholar/docs/license.shtml KU ScholarWorks is a service provided by the KU Libraries’ Office of Scholarly Communication & Copyright. PUBLICATIONS Tectonics RESEARCH ARTICLE Thermochronologic constraints on the late Cenozoic 10.1002/2013TC003302 exhumation history of the Gurla Mandhata Key Points: metamorphic core complex, • Fast Exhumation (4-5 mm/yr) since 12 Ma Southwestern Tibet • Similar timing, rate and fault slip as the Karakoram Fault A. T. McCallister1, M. H. Taylor1, M. A. Murphy2, R. H. Styron1, and D. F. Stockli1,3 • ~8 Ma Zr (U-Th)/He Thermochronometic ages across the 1Department of Geology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA, 2Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, range University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA, 3Now at Jackson School of Geosciences, University of Texas-Austin, Austin, Texas, USA Correspondence to: M. H. Taylor, Abstract How the Tibetan plateau is geodynamically linked to the Himalayas is a topic receiving [email protected] considerable attention.
    [Show full text]
  • The Late Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of Gurla Mandhata, Southwest Tibet
    The Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Gurla Mandhata, Southwest Tibet By Andrew T. McCallister B.S., University of Arizona, 2010 Submitted to the graduate degree program in Geology and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. ________________________________ Chairperson: Michael H. Taylor ________________________________ Andreas Mӧller ________________________________ Leigh A. Stearns ________________________________ Daniel F. Stockli Date Defended: October 10/10/2012 The Thesis Committee for Andrew T. McCallister certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: The Late Cenozoic tectonic evolution of Gurla Mandhata, Southwest Tibet ________________________________ Chairperson: Michael H. Taylor Date approved: 12/3/1012 ii Abstract How strain within the Tibetan plateau is geodynamically linked to that within the Himalayan thrust belt is a topic receiving considerable attention. The right-lateral Karakoram fault plays key roles in models describing the structural relationship between southern Tibet and the Himalaya. Considerable debate exists at the southeastern end of the Karakoram fault, where the role of the Karakoram fault is interpreted in two very different ways. One interpretation states that slip along the Karakoram fault extends eastward along the Indus-Yalu suture zone, thereby bypassing the Himalayan thrust belt to its north. The other, interprets that a significant component of the slip is fed southward into the Himalayan thrust belt along the Gurla Mandhata detachment. To evaluate this debate, the late Miocene fault slip rate history of the Gurla Mandhata detachment system is reconstructed from thermokinematic modeling with Pecube of zircon (U-Th)/He and biotite and muscovite 40Ar/39Ar thermochronometric ages.
    [Show full text]
  • Structural Evolution of the Gurla Mandhata Detachment System, Southwest Tibet: Implications for the Eastward Extent of the Karakoram Fault System
    Structural evolution of the Gurla Mandhata detachment system, southwest Tibet: Implications for the eastward extent of the Karakoram fault system M.A. Murphy* An Yin P. Kapp² T.M. Harrison C.E. Manning Department of Earth and Space Sciences and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1567, USA F.J. Ryerson Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA Ding Lin Guo Jinghui Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ABSTRACT that they represent an evolving low-angle boundaries between tectonically distinct do- normal-fault system. 40Ar/39Ar data from mains are de®ned. Although several insightful Field mapping and geochronologic and muscovite and biotite from the footwall studies have been conducted to understand the thermobarometric analyses of the Gurla rocks indicate that it cooled below 400 8C processes controlling contemporaneous east- Mandhata area, in southwest Tibet, reveal by ca. 9 Ma. Consideration of the original west extension and distributed strike-slip major middle to late Miocene, east-west ex- depth and dip angle of the detachment fault faulting within the Tibetan plateau and north- tension along a normal-fault system, prior to exhumation of the footwall yields south shortening in the Himalayan thrust belt termed the Gurla Mandhata detachment total slip estimates between 66 and 35 km (Armijo et al., 1989; Molnar and Lyon-Caen, system. The maximum fault slip occurs across the Gurla Mandhata detachment
    [Show full text]
  • Small Group Holiday Itinerary
    Mount Kailash Trek, Tibet Journey from Nepal to Tibet, across the roof of the world, and trek with pilgrims on the famous Kailash Kora. Group departures See overleaf for departure dates Holiday overview Style Trek Accommodation Hotel, Tea Houses, Camping Grade Strenuous Duration 23 days from London to London Trekking / Walking days On trek: 12 days Min/Max group size 5 / 12. Guaranteed to run for 5 Trip Leader Local Leader Tibet Land only Joining in Chengdu, China Max altitude 5,630m/18,472ft, the Dolma La Pass, Day 17 Private Departures & Tailor Made itineraries available Watch related videos online: Mount Kailash Trek tel: +44 (0)1453 844400 fax: +44 (0)1453 844422 [email protected] www.mountainkingdoms.com Mountain Kingdoms Ltd, 20 Long Street, Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire GL12 7BT UK Managing Director: Steven Berry. Registered in England No. 2118433. VAT No. 496 6511 08 Last updated: 17 March 2021 Departures Group departures 2021 Dates: Sat 17 Jul - Sun 08 Aug 2022 Dates: Sat 16 Jul – Sun 07 Aug 2023 Dates: Sat 15 Jul – Sun 06 Aug Group prices and optional supplements Please contact us on +44 (0)1453 844400 or visit our website for our land only and flight inclusive prices and single supplement options. No Surcharge Guarantee The flight inclusive or land only price will be confirmed to you at the time you make your booking. There will be no surcharges after your booking has been confirmed. Will the trip run? This trip is guaranteed to run for 5 people and for a maximum of 12. In the rare event that we cancel a holiday, we will refund you in full and give you at least 6 weeks warning.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mountains of Central Tibet
    Geography & History MICHAEL WARD The Mountains of Central Tibet he central plateau, or Chang Tang, that comprises 70 per cent of Tibet T is bleak, bare, windswept, cold and inhospitable; it is also the world's highest and most extensive tableland. Nowhere does the altitude fall be­ low 14,OOOft whilst, in the north, much of the country lies above 15,OOOft. Temperatures may vary by 70°F in a day, and in winter fall to minus 40°F; for 200 days in the year the average temperature is below freezing. To the north, the I500-mile range of the Kunlun forms a barrier between the Chang Tang and the deserts of Central Asia, whilst to the east there is an imperceptible watershed along the line of the Lhasa-Golmud road that separates the headwaters of the great rivers of China and SE Asia from the internal drainage of the plateau itself. To the south, the Gangdise and Nyainqentanglha ranges form a broad rampart between the plateau and the trench of the Indus and Tsangpo rivers, whilst to the west the plateau gradually merges into the tangled mass of peaks that make up the West Kunlun, the Pamir, the Karakoram, and the Western Himalaya. The main valleys and ranges run east and west. There are many brackish lakes, the majority being south of the road that runs between Nacchu in the east to Rudok in the west. Permafrost results in marshy areas, and drainage is internal with rivers coming from glaciers and ending in swamps and lakes, except on the south side of the Gangdise and Nyainqentanglha ranges.
    [Show full text]