Indice

Parte prima: i luoghi

/DFRQVHUYD]LRQHGHOFRVWUXLWRHGHOSDHVDJJLRFXOWXUDOH 11 Giuseppe Piovera

/D YDORUL]]D]LRQH GHO SDWULPRQLR DUFKLWHWWRQLFR H 13 SDHVDJJLVWLFR Massimo Granata

/¶DWWLYLWjFXOWXUDOHHODSURPR]LRQHWXULVWLFD 15 Silvia Ruggia

/¶HFRPXVHRGHOSDHVDJJLRORPHOOLQR 19 Giovanni Fassina, Umberto De Agostino

'DWLDUFKHRORJLFL 23 Rosanina Invernizzi

I restauri storici della Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore 31 GL/RPHOOR Paolo Savio

Parte seconda: il metodo

'DO UHVWDXUR DOOD FRQVHUYD]LRQH GHO SDWULPRQLR 45 DUFKLWHWWRQLFR7HRULHHSUDVVL Maurizio Boriani, Susanna Bortolotto

/D ULFHUFD VWRULFD SHU LO SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH H 66 ULXVRGHJOLHGL¿FLGHOSDVVDWR Andrea Frigo

/DULOHYD]LRQHJHRPHWULFDSHUODFRQRVFHQ]DGHOO¶HGL¿FLR 80 Elisabetta Ciocchini, Fabio Zangheri

7 Parte terza: le attività di ricerca

,OSDHVDJJLRDJUDULRGLLaumellum 93 Fabiano Bariani, Andrea Caligaris, Andrea Garzulino

,O³SURJHWWRFRORUH´GHOFHQWURVWRULFRGL/RPHOOR 108 Margherita Bertoldi, Marta Marletti, Silvia Puglisi

$SSXQWLSHUXQDVWRULDGHO&DVWHOOR 125 Guido Gozzi, Francesco Bozzato, Alan Romitti

Dalla conoscenza alla conservazione: 163 OD&KLHVDGL6DQ5RFFR Margherita Bertoldi, Marta Marletti, Silvia Puglisi

/DGLDJQRVWLFDSHULOFRVWUXLWR 185 la Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore Fabiano Bariani, Andrea Caligaris, Andrea Garzulino

5LQJUD]LDPHQWL 203

8 Parte prima: LOXRJKL

9

La conservazione del costruito e del paesaggio culturale

Giuseppe Piovera - Sindaco

,QL]LDWDTXDVLSHUFDVRGRSRFLUFDVHWWHDQQLTXHVWDDYYHQWXUD DYYLDWDQHOFRQXQDFFRUGRWUDLO&RPXQHHGLO3ROLWHFQLFR GL0LODQRKDLOVXRFRURQDPHQWRFRQODSUHVHQWD]LRQHGLTXHVWR YROXPH IUXWWR GL VWXGLR H GL ULFHUFD PD DQFKH GL SDVVLRQH H GL SD]LHQ]D DUPL GL FXL VL VRQR PXQLWL SHU UHDOL]]DUH TXHVWR DPEL]LRVR ODYRUR JOL DOORUD VWXGHQWL XQLYHUVLWDUL RJJL YDOLGL H FRPSHWHQWL$UFKLWHWWL q SHU WXWWL QRL XQ LPSRUWDQWH WUDJXDUGR 3HUPHVL/RPHOOR³FDSLWDOHVWRULFDGHOOD/RPHOOLQD´qVWDWDXQ ODERUDWRULRDUFKHRORJLFRDUFKLWHWWRQLFRHGXUEDQLVWLFRFLDVFXQR GHLQRVWULPRQXPHQWLVWRULFLSLVLJQL¿FDWLYLqVWDWRRJJHWWRGL DSSURIRQGLWHDQDOLVLHVXFFHVVLYLSURJHWWLGLUHVWDXURHUHFXSHUR XWLOLDOOHJHQHUD]LRQLIXWXUHSHUQXRYHHGDSSURSULDWHIXQ]LRQL /¶RSHUD UDSSUHVHQWD XQ PH]]R SHU DLXWDUFL D FRPSUHQGHUH PHJOLR OD QRVWUD VWRULD DSSUH]]DUH LO QRVWUR SDWULPRQLR SHU HVRUWDUFLDFRQVHUYDUORHGDYLYHUORFRQULVSHWWRHGDWWHQ]LRQH 8Q JUD]LH SDUWLFRODUH YD ULYROWR ROWUH FKH DJOL HVWHQVRUL GHOOH ULFHUFKH H GHL SURJHWWL D WXWWL FRORUR FKH FRQ OXQJLPLUDQ]D KDQQRFUHGXWRLQTXHVWDV¿GDDLFKLDULVVLPLSURIHVVRUL0DXUL]LR %RULDQL 6XVDQQD %RUWRORWWR /XFLD 7RQLROR $OEHUWD &D]]DQL 0DXUR &HFRQHOOR /ROD 2WWROLQL (OLVDEHWWD &LRFFKLQL )DELR =DQJKHUL$QGUHD)ULJRH6WHIDQR&RORUXFKHKDQQRFRRUGLQDWR H GLUHWWR LO ODYRUR HG DL PLHL FROOHJKL$VVHVVRUL DOOD &XOWXUD 6LOYLD5XJJLDH0DVVLPR*UDQDWDFKHKDQQRFRQGLYLVRFRQPH TXHVWDDIIDVFLQDQWHHVSHULHQ]D/RPHOORFRQVDSHYROHHIRUWH GHOSURSULRSDVVDWRPDGHFLVRHFDSDUELRQHOODSURLH]LRQHDO IXWXURqTXLQGLRUJRJOLRVRGLSUHVHQWDUHTXHVWDSXEEOLFD]LRQH VHJQRWDQJLELOHGHOODYRORQWjGLULDSSURSULDUVLLQSLHQRGHOUXROR FKHPHULWDHFKHODVWRULDJOLKDJLjDVVHJQDWR

11

La valorizzazione del patrimonio architettonico e paesaggistico

Massimo Granata - Assessore alla Cultura

&LQTXHDQQLIDTXDQGRPLLQVHGLDLFRPH$VVHVVRUHDOOD&XOWXUD HDO7XULVPRGL/RPHOORJUDQSDUWHGHOODYRURFKHRJJLYLHQH VLQWHWL]]DWR GD TXHVWD SXEEOLFD]LRQH HUD JLj VWDWR VYROWR H GL TXHVWRYDPHULWRDFKLPLKDSUHFHGXWRLQTXHVWRLQFDULFR$PH UHVWDYDLOFRPSLWRFROPRGLVRGGLVID]LRQLGLGDUHFRPSLPHQWR DOO¶RSHUDIDFHQGRQHFRQRVFHUHLULVXOWDWLDL/RPHOOHVLHFRQXQ SR¶GLDPEL]LRQHDOO¶XQLYHUVRPRQGR/DSDUWHSLIDFLOHYHQQH DVVROWD LQYLWDQGR L QRYHOOL DUFKLWHWWL D SUHVHQWDUH LO IUXWWR GHO ORUR ODYRUR DOOD FLWWDGLQDQ]D FRQ XQ LQFRQWUR GL GLYXOJD]LRQH H FRQ XQD PRVWUD GHJOL HODERUDWL FKH ULPDVH SHU TXDOFKH WHPSRLQYLVLRQHQHOOXRJRGHSXWDWRDJOLLQFRQWULFXOWXUDOLFKH DFFDGRQR D /RPHOOR H FLRq QHOOD H[ FKLHVDRUDWRULR GL 6DQ 5RFFR RJJHWWR HVVD VWHVVD GL XQD GHOOH ULFHUFKH FKH TXL VL SUHVHQWDQRSUHJHYROLVVLPDSHUOHLQGLFD]LRQLFKHGDYDSHUXQ FRPSOHWDPHQWRGHOUHVWDXURJLjLQWUDSUHVRHSHUXQVXRIXWXUR XWLOL]]R 5HVWDYDO¶XQLYHUVRPRQGRGDUDJJLXQJHUHHUHQGHUHHGRWWR)X TXLQGLHQWXVLDVWLFDPHQWHFKHDFFROVLODSURSRVWDFKHPLYHQQH IDWWDQHOFRUVRGHLFRQWDWWLLQWUDSUHVLFRQLGRFHQWLGHOOD6FXROD GL$UFKLWHWWXUD&LYLOHGHO3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQRSHUGDUHVHJXLWR DOOD QRVWUD FROODERUD]LRQH QHOO¶DPELWR GHOOD FRQYHQ]LRQH LQ HVVHUH H FKH LQWHQGHYDPR ULQQRYDUH SHUIH]LRQDQGR LO ODYRUR svolto con le attività di ricerca concentrandone i risultati in XQD SXEEOLFD]LRQH FKH FRQ O¶LQGXEELR YDORUH GHO SDWURFLQLR VFLHQWL¿FRGHO3ROLWHFQLFRVWHVVRQHFRQVHQWLVVHXQDSLDPSLD GLYXOJD]LRQH /D FLUFROD]LRQH GL TXHVWD RSHUD LQIDWWL DYUHEEH SHUPHVVR GL ULQQRYDUH O¶LQWHUHVVH LQ DPELWR DFFDGHPLFR PD DQFKHLQTXHOODSLDPSLDFRPSDJLQHGLSHUVRQHFKHDQLPDQR LOWXULVPRFRQPHWHFXOWXUDOL ,QWHQGLDPRFLQRQFKHPDQFDVVHURSXEEOLFD]LRQLRSHUDGLVWRULFL ORFDOLRGLLQVLJQLDFFDGHPLFLLWDOLDQLHVWUDQLHULVX/RPHOOROD VXDVWRULDHLVXRLPRQXPHQWLPDODQRYLWjHO¶LPSRUWDQ]DGL TXHVWRQXRYRODYRURVWDQHOIDWWRFKHQRQFLSUHVHQWDXQDUHDOWj HVFOXVLYDPHQWHULYROWDDOSDVVDWRPDLQWURGXFHFLzFKHO¶HUHGLWj GHLVHFROLFLKDODVFLDWRQHOODSURVSHWWLYDGLXQVXRXWLOL]]RQHO

13 IXWXUR 3HUFKp FRQWLQXL D YLYHUH FUHDQGR QXRYH RSSRUWXQLWj VLD FXOWXUDOL FKH HFRQRPLFKH GL FRQRVFHQ]D H GL YLWD SHU OD FRPXQLWjFKHODFRQVHUYD ,QROWUHPDTXHVWRqXQPHURHIRUWXQDWRDFFLGHQWHWHPSRUDOH TXHVW¶RSHUD GLYHQWD GLVSRQLELOH PHQWUH FL DFFLQJLDPR D ULFHYHUH FRQ ([SR  XQ ÀXVVR WXULVWLFR LPSRUWDQWLVVLPR IDWWRGLVHPSOLFLYLVLWDWRULPDDQFKHGLRSHUDWRULHFRQRPLFLH GLJUDQGLDJHQ]LHFXOWXUDOLSXEEOLFKHHSULYDWHFKHSRWUHEEHUR WURYDUH VSXQWR VXOOD EDVH GHOOH SURJHWWXDOLWj HVSUHVVH QHL SUHJHYROLODYRULFKHTXLYHQJRQRHVSRVWLSHUWURYDUHOHULVRUVH HUHDOL]]DUHTXHOORFKHRUDqSHUQRLVRORXQEHOOLVVLPROLEURGHL VRJQL

14 L’attività culturale e la promozione turistica

Silvia Ruggia - Presidente Pro Loco

/D3UR/RFRGL/RPHOORRSHUDVXOWHUULWRULRORPHOOHVHGDO 1HOFRUVRGHJOLDQQLVLqDUULFFKLWDGLYDOLGLVVLPLYRORQWDULFKH KDQQRVYLOXSSDWRXQDQRWHYROHVHQVLELOLWjYHUVRLOWHUULWRULRFRQ SDUWLFRODUH ULJXDUGR DOO¶DPELHQWH DOOD FXOWXUD DO WXULVPR DOOD FXFLQDWLSLFDGHOODQRVWUD]RQD 'DDOFXQLDQQLqLQDWWRXQSURJHWWRYROWRDIDYRULUHODSURPR]LRQH GHOQRVWURSDHVHHGHOWHUULWRULRFLUFRVWDQWH 7XWWHOHGRPHQLFKHHGLJLRUQLIHVWLYLGDPDU]RDGRWWREUHVL DFFROJRQR YLVLWDWRUL DOOD VFRSHUWD GHL PDJQL¿FL PRQXPHQWL GL /RPHOORULFFKLGLVWRULDDIIDVFLQDQWH 6RQRPROWLLWXULVWLFKHVRSUDWWXWWRQHJOLXOWLPLDQQLDUULYDQRD YLVLWDUHTXHVWRSDHVHGLFLUFDDELWDQWLLVHUYL]LWHOHYLVLYL FKH PRVWUDQR OH VXH SHFXOLDULWj OD SURPR]LRQH DWWXDWD DWWUDYHUVRODUHWHWHOHPDWLFDHLOLEULVRQRVWDWLIRQGDPHQWDOLSHU DPSOLDUHODFRQRVFHQ]DGHOERUJR,WXULVWLYHQJRQRSHUYLVLWDUH la Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore e l’annesso Battistero di 6DQ*LRYDQQLDG)RQWHVODFKLHVDGL6DQ0LFKHOH$UFDQJHOR LQ FXLqFXVWRGLWDODUHOLTXLDGHOOD6DQWD&URFH LUHVWLGHOOHPXUD URPDQHLO&DVWHOOR&ULYHOOLO¶H[&KLHVDGL6DQ5RFFRHLUHVWLGL DQWLFKLPRQDVWHULVRSSUHVVLRUPDLGLYHQWDWLSURSULHWjSULYDWH $QFKHJUD]LHDOODSUHVHQ]DGLVWUXWWXUHDGHJXDWHHGDFFRJOLHQWL FKH SHUPHWWRQR LO SHUQRWWDPHQWR D /RPHOOR L YLVLWDWRUL SURYHQJRQRQRQVRORGDSDHVLOLPLWUR¿PDGDRJQLSDUWHG¶,WDOLD HGDOO¶HVWHURVLDVLQJRODUPHQWHFKHLQSLFFROLJUXSSLRLQtour RUJDQL]]DWL 6SHVVR VL WUDWWD GL DSSDVVLRQDWL GL VWRULD H GL DUWH FKH JLj GRFXPHQWDWL VX TXHOOR FKH SRWUDQQR DPPLUDUH GHVLGHUDQR DSSURIRQGLUHDQFRUDGLSLOHORURFRQRVFHQ]H 8Q RWWLPR ULVFRQWUR GL SXEEOLFR VL KD QHO tour “All’origine del URPDQLFR´LQSURJUDPPDO¶XOWLPDGRPHQLFDGLRJQLPHVHGRYH ROWUHD/RPHOORqSRVVLELOHYLVLWDUHDFFRPSDJQDWLGDOOHQRVWUH JXLGHOD3LHYHGL9HOH]]RH%UHPH 7DOYROWD YHQJRQR ULFKLHVWH VSHFL¿FKH LQIRUPD]LRQL SHU DSSURIRQGLUHDQFKHODFRQRVFHQ]DGHOWHUULWRULRFLUFRVWDQWHLQWDO FDVROD3UR/RFRSURSRQHLWLQHUDULFKHFRPSUHQGRQR6DUWLUDQD

15 9LJHYDQR3DYLDHSHUFRUVLQDWXUDOLVWLFLRGHOSDHVDJJLRDJUDULR 6SHVVRVLRUJDQL]]DQRDQFKHYLVLWHJXLGDWHHODERUDWRULGLGDWWLFL SHUVFRODUHVFKH /¶HYHQWRLQDVVROXWRGLPDJJLRULPSRUWDQ]DSHULOQRVWURERUJR q³/D*UDQGH)HVWD/RQJREDUGDSHUOH1R]]HGL7HRGROLQGD´ JLXQWRRUPDLDOODGHFLPDHGL]LRQH 3DROR 'LDFRQR QHOOD VXD Historia Langobardorum QDUUD FKH SURSULR D /RPHOOR VDUHEEHUR FRQYRODWL D QR]]H QHO  7HRGROLQGDUHJLQD GHL /RQJREDUGL H$JLOXOIR GXFD GL7RULQR Nel terzo weekend di giugno si rievoca questo evento: il FHQWURVWRULFRVLDQLPDGLDUPDWLHGDUFHULSRSRODQLPHUFDQWL IDOFRQLHUL JLRFROLHUL FKH IDQQR ULYLYHUH DL SDUWHFLSDQWL ³XQD JLRUQDWD GD ORQJREDUGR´ ,O EDQFKHWWR DOOHVWLWR GL VHUD QHOOD JLRUQDWDGLVDEDWRqYHUDPHQWHXQPRPHQWRPROWRVXJJHVWLYR QHOO¶DPELWR GHOOD IHVWDGRYHJXVWDUHSLDWWLSDUWLFRODUL FXFLQDWL VHFRQGRULFHWWHDQWLFKHLQXQDPELHQWHULFFRGLSHUVRQDJJLFKH DQLPDQR VFHQH GL YLWD GHOOD FRUWH ORQJREDUGD DFFRPSDJQDWL GDOODPXVLFDGLXQPHQHVWUHOOR /¶HYHQWR JDVWURQRPLFR SL LPSRUWDQWH q LQYHFH ³/D VDJUD GDO VWUDFKLQ´ R ³6DJUD GHO JRUJRQ]ROD´ FKH VL VYROJH DG DJRVWR GRYHOHFXRFKHGHOSDHVHFXFLQDQRSLDWWLDEDVHGLJRUJRQ]ROD ODFXLSURGX]LRQHQDWDLQ/RPHOOLQDVLqWUDVIHULWDLQVHJXLWRQHO QRYDUHVHHQRQVROR 2OWUHDYLVLWHJXLGDWHHGHYHQWLOD3UR/RFRRUJDQL]]DFRQFHUWL SUHVHQWD]LRQLGLOLEULVHUDWHGDQ]DQWLFROODERUDQGRFRQWXWWHOH DVVRFLD]LRQLGLYRORQWDULDWRSUHVHQWLVXOWHUULWRULR

Criticità e potenzialità di sviluppo

/¶DVVRFLD]LRQHQHOO¶RUJDQL]]DUHOHSURSULHDWWLYLWjKDULVFRQWUDWR alcune criticità: ‡ OD EXURFUD]LD FRPSOHVVD UHQGH LPSHJQDWLYH OH D]LRQL GL ULFKLHVWDGHLSHUPHVVLDJOLHQWLGLULIHULPHQWR ‡ JOLVSD]LSHUJOLHYHQWLGLPDJJLRUDIÀXHQ]DD/RPHOORVRQR SXUWURSSR LQVXI¿FLHQWL DWWXDOPHQWH QRQ HVLVWH XQ¶DUHD DWWUH]]DWDLQJUDGRGLVXSSRUWDUHODSUHVHQ]DGLQXPHURVH SHUVRQH ‡ OD VDOD FRQIHUHQ]H QHOOD &KLHVD GL 6DQ 5RFFR KD XQD FDSLHQ]DOLPLWDWDSHUFXLQRQSXzFRQWHQHUHSLGLFLQTXDQWD SHUVRQH QHOO¶DUHD GHO FRUR HG DOWUHWWDQWH QHOOD SDUWH DQWLVWDQWH OLPLWDQGR GL IDWWR OD SRVVLELOLWj GL RUJDQL]]DUH HYHQWLFXOWXUDOLGLPDJJLRUHSRUWDWD

16 ‡ VL ULOHYDQR GLI¿FROWj QHO IDUH VLVWHPD FRQ DOWUH UHDOWj GHO WHUULWRULR DYHQGR OD 3UR /RFR GL /RPHOOR FDUDWWHULVWLFKH GLYHUVHGDTXHOOHGHLSDHVLOLPLWUR¿ ‡ LFRVWLGLRUJDQL]]D]LRQHGHJOLHYHQWLVRQRVHPSUHHOHYDWLH GLYLHQHVHPSUHSLGLI¿FLOHUHSHULUHIRQGL $WDOSURSRVLWRLOUHSHULPHQWRGLFRQWULEXWLUHJLRQDOLSURYLQFLDOL H FRPXQDOL SRWUHEEH VHQ]D GXEELR DLXWDUH OD 3UR /RFR D PLJOLRUDUH O¶DFFRJOLHQ]D WXULVWLFD LQ SDUWLFRODUH VDUHEEH DXVSLFDELOH O¶DSHUWXUD FRVWDQWH GL XQ XI¿FLR WXULVWLFR GXUDQWH OD VHWWLPDQD DOPHQR SHU LO SHULRGR SULPDYHULOH HG HVWLYR /R VYLOXSSRGHOWXULVPRFXOWXUDOHSRWUHEEHJHQHUDUHXQ¶XWLOHIRQWH GLUHGGLWRLQXQPRPHQWRGLFULVLFRPHTXHOORFKHLQRVWULSDHVL VWDQQR DWWXDOPHQWH YLYHQGR 7UD JOL RELHWWLYL GD SHUVHJXLUH LPSRUWDQWHqODULTXDOL¿FD]LRQHHO¶DSHUWXUDDOSXEEOLFRGHOO¶DUHD DUFKHRORJLFDGL9LOOD0DULDFRQODFROODERUD]LRQHHGLOVXSSRUWR GHOOD 6RSULQWHQGHQ]D $UFKHRORJLFD VLWR GRYH VRQR SUHVHQWL UHSHUWLGLQRWHYROHLPSRUWDQ]D&LVLDXJXUDFKHJOL(QWLSUHSRVWL DOODWXWHODHJOLDWWRULORFDOL SRVVDQR FRQWLQXDUH VHPSUHSLD FROODERUDUHVXOWHUULWRULRXQLWDPHQWHDOYRORQWDULDWRTXHVW¶XOWLPD XQDUHDOWjIRQGDPHQWDOHGHOQRVWURWHPSR

17

L’ecomuseo del paesaggio lomellino

Giovanni Fassina - Presidente dell’ecomuseo Umberto De Agostino - Coordinatore dell’ecomuseo

&DVWHOOL DEED]LH EDVLOLFKH SDOD]]L QRELOLDUL ( SRL JDU]DLH IRQWDQLOLGRVVLDQWLFKHVWUDGHGLHSRFDURPDQD&RQXQFRPXQH GHQRPLQDWRUHLOULVR7XWWRTXHVWRqO¶³HFRPXVHRGHOSDHVDJJLR ORPHOOLQR´ DUWLFRODWR SURJHWWR GL WXWHOD YDORUL]]D]LRQH H SURPR]LRQH GHOOD /RPHOOLQD WHUULWRULR GDO SDWULPRQLR FXOWXUDOH PLOOHQDULRQHOODSURYLQFLDGL3DYLDFKHDUDJLRQHSXzHVVHUH GH¿QLWROD³PHVRSRWDPLDORPEDUGD´SHUFKpVWUHWWRIUDLO¿XPH 3RDVXGLO6HVLDDRYHVWHLO7LFLQRDHVW 6LWUDWWDGLXQPXVHRGLIIXVRFRVWLWXLWRGDOOHHPHUJHQ]HQDWXUDOLH GDOOHHYLGHQ]HGHOODFXOWXUDPDWHULDOHHLPPDWHULDOH/¶HFRPXVHR qLO³PXVHRGHOWHPSRHGHOORVSD]LR´qXQPXVHRGHOWHPSRGRYH OHFRQRVFHQ]HVLDFFUHVFRQRHVLGLODWDQRROWUHLOSDVVDWRYLVVXWR GDOODFRPXQLWjSHUJLXQJHUHQHOSUHVHQWHFRQXQ¶DSHUWXUDVXO IXWXUR q XQ PXVHR GHOOR VSD]LR RVVLD HVWHQVLRQL VLJQL¿FDWLYH GRYH VRVWDUH FDPPLQDUH H DPPLUDUH O¶DPELHQWH /¶HFRPXVHR FKHYXROHSUHVHQWDUHODPHPRULDFROOHWWLYDGLXQDFRPXQLWjHGHO WHUULWRULRFKHODRVSLWDGHOLQHDQGROLQHHFRHUHQWLSHUORVYLOXSSR IXWXURLQWHUYLHQHVXOORVSD]LRGLXQDFRPXQLWjSURSRQHQGRFRPH ³RJJHWWL GHO PXVHR´ QRQ VROR L PDQXIDWWL GHOOD YLWD TXRWLGLDQD PDDQFKHLSDHVDJJLO¶DUFKLWHWWXUDLOVDSHUIDUHOHWHVWLPRQLDQ]H RUDOL GHOOD WUDGL]LRQH ORFDOH Ê XQ PRVDLFR FKH VL FRPSRQH GL QXPHURVLWDVVHOOLGLYDULDQDWXUDFKHSXQWDQRDXQXQLFRRELHWWLYR UHFXSHUDUH H VDOYDJXDUGDUH OD WUDGL]LRQH OD FXOWXUD FRQWDGLQD H OH SRWHQ]LDOLWj WHUULWRULDOL GHOOD SLDQXUD ORPHOOLQD DO PRPHQWR DQFRUD SRFR FRQVLGHUDWL FRPH ULVRUVD WXULVWLFRFXOWXUDOH 3XU ULYROJHQGRVLDQFKHDXQSXEEOLFRHVWHUQRO¶HFRPXVHRKDFRPH LQWHUORFXWRUL SULQFLSDOL JOL DELWDQWL GHOOD FRPXQLWj FKH DQ]LFKp FLWWDGLQL SDVVLYL SRVVRQR GLYHQWDUH IUXLWRUL DWWLYL 9DOH OD SHQD ULSRUWDUH XQD GHOOH GH¿QL]LRQL SL HI¿FDFL GL HFRPXVHR FKH ID ULIHULPHQWRDOOHGLIIHUHQ]HIUDPXVHLWUDGL]LRQDOLHGHFRPXVHL

19 , FRPXQL OH DVVRFLD]LRQL H OH VRFLHWj FKH KDQQR VRWWRVFULWWR LO ³SDWWR SHU OD /RPHOOLQD´ VHVVDQWD DOO¶DSULOH  VRQR FRQVDSHYROLFKHO¶LPSHJQRqDUGXRPDFKHDOORVWHVVRWHPSR ODV¿GDGHOORVYLOXSSRVRVWHQLELOHHGHOODYDORUL]]D]LRQHGLXQ WHUULWRULRXQLFRHGLUULSHWLELOHqDOODORURSRUWDWD 6SHFFKLRGHOODUHDOWjLQFXLVLWURYDDRSHUDUHO¶HFRPXVHRqLO ³&HQWURGLGRFXPHQWD]LRQH´VLWRQHOOHVDOHGL3DOD]]R6WUDGDXQ HGL¿FLRQRELOLDUHG¶LQL]LR2WWRFHQWRVLWXDWRD)HUUHUD(UERJQRQH 4XLLFRPXQLHOHDVVRFLD]LRQLIDQQRSHUYHQLUHFRQFRQWLQXLWj OLEULVWRULFLSXEEOLFD]LRQLWXULVWLFKHHVXOOHWUDGL]LRQLORFDOLGYG SURPR]LRQDOL FDUWLQH JHRJUD¿FKH IRWRJUD¿H H DOWUR PDWHULDOH LQGLVSHQVDELOH SHU FDSLUH LO WHUULWRULR 6WXGLRVL H DSSDVVLRQDWL GL VWRULD ORFDOH SRVVRQR DWWLQJHUH JUDWXLWDPHQWH D TXHVWR SDWULPRQLROLEUDULRSHUDSSURIRQGLUHOHORURFRQRVFHQ]H

Terra d’acqua e di riso

/D /RPHOOLQD GDO SXQWR GL YLVWD JHRPRUIRORJLFR ULVDOH DOO¶HUD 4XDWHUQDULD,OWHUULWRULRIHUWLOHHSLDQHJJLDQWHqFDUDWWHUL]]DWR GDL OXQJKL ¿ODUL GL SLRSSL FKH GHOLPLWDQR OH JUDQGL HVWHQVLRQL GHL FDPSL H VFDQGLVFRQR LO ULWPR GHO WHPSR 3HU GLYHUVL VHFROL TXHVWD FDPSDJQD q VWDWD FROWLYDWD SULQFLSDOPHQWH D IUXPHQWR PDLV H IRUDJJLR PD RJJL q LO UHJQR GHO ULVR WDQWR FKHOD/RPHOOLQDHLO3DYHVHOD]RQDDHVWGL3DYLDIDQQRGHOOD SURYLQFLD OD SULPD SURGXWWULFH ULVLFROD LWDOLDQD HG HXURSHD ,O ULVRqXQSURGRWWRFKHKDSODVPDWROD/RPHOOLQDLQSDUWLFRODUH DWWUDYHUVRLOODYRURGLPLJOLDLDGLPRQGDULVR¿JXUHSURIHVVLRQDOL VFROSLWH QHOO¶LPPDJLQDULR FROOHWWLYR JUD]LH D OLEUL H SHOOLFROH FLQHPDWRJUD¿FKHLQGLPHQWLFDELOL ,Q RULJLQH O¶DUHD IX PRGHOODWD GD ¿XPDQH FKH GHSRVLWDURQR VDEELD H FLRWWROL IRUPDQGR GRVVL FRQFKH H DYYDOODPHQWL FKH FRVWHOODWL GL SDOXGL H ERVFKL VL FRQVHUYDURQR ¿QR DO 0HGLRHYR/¶DPELHQWHRGLHUQRqIUXWWRGLXQODYRURFKHO¶XRPR KD LQWUDSUHVR ¿QR D UHQGHUH TXHVWH WHUUH IUD OH SL IHUWLOL GHO PRQGR 1XOOD GL TXHVWR WUDQTXLOOR SDHVDJJLR q QDWXUDOH WXWWR q VWDWR FRVWUXLWR WUDVIRUPDWR H RUJDQL]]DWR GDOO¶XRPR FRQ LQ¿QLWDHVHFRODUHSD]LHQ]D3HUQDWXUDTXHVWDWHUUDGLULVRUJLYH qVWDWDSHUVHFROLXQ¶LPSUDWLFDELOHSDOXGHPDOHFRPXQLWjGHL PRQDFLQHO0HGLRHYRFKHERQL¿FDURQROD]RQDLQWURGXFHQGR OHPDUFLWHODFRORQL]]D]LRQHIHXGDOHQHO'XHFHQWRHOHJUDQGL ULIRUPHDJULFROHLQWURGRWWHGDJOL6IRU]DFKHVSHULPHQWDURQROD FROWLYD]LRQH GHO ULVR KDQQR IDWWR GL TXHVWD ]RQD XQ PRVDLFR

20 GLULFFKLVVLPLFDPSLGLFHUHDOL$OVHUYL]LRGLTXHVWDHVWHQVLRQH GLFROWLYD]LRQLD¿DQFRGHLWUH¿XPLQDWXUDOLFKHGHOLPLWDQROD /RPHOOLQDqVWDWRRUJDQL]]DWRXQFRPSOHVVRVLVWHPDLGULFRGL URJJHHFDQDOLFKHKDQQRGDWRYLWDDOODFRVWUX]LRQHGHLPXOLQL HVRQRVRUWHOHFDVFLQH³DFRUWHFKLXVD´WLSLFLLQVHGLDPHQWLUXUDOL GHOODSLDQXUDSDGDQD

Gli scopi

/¶HFRPXVHR GHO SDHVDJJLR ORPHOOLQR VL SURSRQH GL WXWHODUH YDORUL]]DUHHSURPXRYHUHLOWHUULWRULRJHRJUD¿FRGHOOD/RPHOOLQD ROWUH DOOD FRQVHUYD]LRQH DWWLYD H LQWHJUDWD GHJOL DVSHWWL SDHVDJJLVWLFL H DPELHQWDOL H DOOD YDORUL]]D]LRQH GHOOH ULVRUVH ORFDOL PDWHULDOL H LPPDWHULDOL GHOOH SUDWLFKH GL ODYRUR H GHOOH SURGX]LRQLORFDOL ,QROWUH ODYRUD SHU ULFRVWUXLUH WHVWLPRQLDUH YDORUL]]DUH H DFFRPSDJQDUH OD PHPRULD VWRULFD OD YLWD ORFDOH OD FXOWXUD PDWHULDOH H LPPDWHULDOH H TXHOOD GHO SDHVDJJLR OH UHOD]LRQL IUD DPELHQWH QDWXUDOH H DPELHQWH DQWURSL]]DWR OH WUDGL]LRQL ODULFRVWUX]LRQHHODWUDVIRUPD]LRQHGHJOLDPELHQWLGLYLWDHGL ODYRURGHOOHFRPXQLWjGLTXHOODSDUWHGLSLDQXUDSDGDQDFKHq OD/RPHOOLQD

$G RJJL O¶HFRPXVHR KD RUJDQL]]DWR H SRUWDWR D WHUPLQH L VHJXHQWLSURJHWWLHLQL]LDWLYH

Progetti:  $WODQWHGLHFRORJLDXPDQDHGHLVXRQLGHOOD/RPHOOLQD    6HWWHPEUHLQ/RPHOOLQD,SDOLLGHOO¶DXWXQQR    /D/RPHOOLQDLSRJHD&XQLFROLHSDVVDJJLVHJUHWLIUDFDVWHOOL DEED]LHHFDVFLQH    /DEDFKLFROWXUDLQ/RPHOOLQD'DOSDVVDWRDOIXWXUR    ,O5RJJLRQHGL6DUWLUDQDXQDYLDG¶DFTXDORPHOOLQDWUDVWRULD HDWWXDOLWj    ,QFHQWLYD]LRQHDWWLYLWjWXULVWLFKH0LVXUDGHO3VUGHOOD 5HJLRQH/RPEDUGLD    ,OSDWULPRQLRLPPDWHULDOHGHOOHFDVFLQHGHOOD/RPHOOLQDFRQ 3URYLQFLDGL3DYLDHO¶DVVRFLD]LRQH*DO/RPHOOLQD    ³6FULYPD GLYHUV´ GYG GL SRHVLH GLDOHWWDOL  FRQ LO JUXSSR FXOWXUDOH³7DQWRSHU)HOLFH*DUDYHOOL´GL6XDUGL    ³$OGuGODIHVWD´SURJHWWRDOODVFRSHUWDGHOOHVDJUHHGHLSDOLL GHOOD/RPHOOLQD LQFRUVR 

21 Iniziative: ‡ /D 6DJUD GHOOD /RPHOOLQD HYHQWR LWLQHUDQWH FRQ SUHVHQWD]LRQH SXEEOLFD GHL VRFL GHOO¶HFRPXVHR SURGRWWL WLSLFLVWRULDHIRONORUH  ‡ /DSLWWXUDPXUDOHLQ/RPHOOLQD*OLDIIUHVFKLGHO;9HGHO ;9,VHFROR LWLQHUDULRWXULVWLFRFXOWXUDOH  ‡ 5RPDQLFR LQ /RPHOOLQD LWLQHUDULR WXULVWLFRFXOWXUDOH IUD L &RPXQLGL/RPHOOR9HOH]]R/RPHOOLQDH%UHPH  ‡ $QWLFKH DEED]LH  FRQ OD FRRSHUDWLYD 2OWUH &RQ¿QH GL 6DQQD]]DURGH¶%XUJRQGL LWLQHUDULRWXULVWLFRFXOWXUDOH  ‡ 6WRULH H JHVWD GHOOH IDPLJOLH 9LVFRQWL H 6IRU]D  FRQ OD FRRSHUDWLYD 2OWUH &RQ¿QH GL 6DQQD]]DUR GH¶ %XUJRQGL LWLQHUDULRWXULVWLFRFXOWXUDOH  ‡ )RWRJUDID OD WXD /RPHOOLQD  FRQ ELEOLRWHFD FRPXQDOH ³0DUXFFKL´HFLUFRORIRWRJUD¿FRGL9DOOH/RPHOOLQD FRQFRUVR IRWRJUD¿FR 

22 Dati archeologici

Rosanina Invernizzi - Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici della Lombardia

5LWURYDPHQWL GHO SDVVDWR H VFDYL DUFKHRORJLFL SL UHFHQWL SURYDQR O¶LPSRUWDQ]D GL /RPHOOR LQ HWj SUHURPDQD H URPDQD /DIRUWXQDWDSRVL]LRQHSUHVVRXQFRUVRG¶DFTXDHOXQJRLWLQHUDUL VWUDGDOLGLSULPDULDHVHFRQGDULDLPSRUWDQ]DQHIDYRUuORVYLOXSSR QHOO¶DQWLFKLWj H FRVWLWXu LO SUHVXSSRVWR SHU TXHOOD ¿RULWXUD GL HSRFD WDUGRDQWLFDDOWRPHGLHYDOH DQFRUD RJJL HYLGHQWH LQ WHVWLPRQLDQ]H PRQXPHQWDOL FRPH OH PXUD GHOOD IRUWH]]D R LO EDWWLVWHURQHOODVXDIDVHRULJLQDULD /D GRFXPHQWD]LRQH DUFKHRORJLFD WHVWLPRQLD XQD FRQWLQXLWj GLLQVHGLDPHQWRGDOO¶HWjGHO)HUURDOO¶$OWRPHGLRHYR TXDQGRLO FHQWURDVVXPHUjXQUXRORVWUDWHJLFR,OVLWRFKHPHJOLRLOOXVWUDWDOH FRQWLQXLWjqO¶DUHDGL9LOOD0DULDSRVWDQHOODSDUWHVHWWHQWULRQDOH GHOGRVVRVXFXLVRUJH/RPHOOR 4XL VRQR VWDWH LQGLYLGXDWH OH WUDFFH GHOO¶DELWDWR SURWRVWRULFR GDWDELOH VXOOD EDVH GHL UHSHUWL FHUDPLFL UHFXSHUDWL WUDLO9,H LO,9,,,VHFRORD&FRVWLWXLWRGDHGL¿FLLQOHJQRHDOWULPDWHULDOL GHSHULELOL QHUHVWDYDQRVROROHLPSURQWH FRQSLDQLSDYLPHQWDOL LQ FRQFRWWR H FRQ OD SUHVHQ]D GL XQD VHULH GL IRVVDWL SHU LO GHÀXVVRHO¶DOORQWDQDPHQWRGHOOHDFTXH1 7UHSLFFROLYDVLLQEXFFKHURSDGDQRJULJLRULVDOHQWLDO9,9VHFROR D& FRQVHUYDWL DL 0XVHL &LYLFL GL 3DYLD SURYHQLHQWL GD XQ ULQYHQLPHQWRRWWRFHQWHVFRQRQSLULFRVWUXLELOHQpORFDOL]]DELOH IRUQLVFRQRODSURYDFKHODFRPXQLWjDOORUDUHVLGHQWHQHOWHUULWRULR SDUWHFLSDYD D VFDPEL FRPPHUFLDOL FKH GDO PRQGR HWUXVFR R HWUXVFKL]]DWR GHOOD SLDQXUD SDGDQD UDJJLXQJHYDQR OH WHUUH GHOO¶RGLHUQR 3LHPRQWH2 7DOL VFDPEL GRYHYDQR DYYHQLUH OXQJR LWLQHUDUL GL SHUFRUUHQ]D FKH LQ HWj URPDQD GLYHUUDQQR YHUH H SURSULHVWUDGH

1 ,QYHUQL]]L5/RPHOOR 39 9LOOD0DULD,QVHGLDPHQWRSOXULVWUDWL¿FDWRHPXUD del castrum. Relazione preliminareLQ³1RWL]LDULRGHOOD6RSULQWHQGHQ]D SHUL%HQL$UFKHRORJLFLGHOOD/RPEDUGLD´SS0LODQR ,QYHUQL]]L5/¶LQVHGLDPHQWRSOXULVWUDWL¿FDWRGL/RPHOOR1XRYLVFDYLD9LOOD0DULD LQ³%ROOHWWLQRGHOOD6RFLHWj3DYHVHGL6WRULD3DWULD´&;,,SS(G&LVDOSLQR 3DYLD 2 3HDUFH0Cataloghi dei Musei Civici di I materiali preistorici0LODQR 

23 In alto /H WHVWLPRQLDQ]H DUFKHRORJLFKH VL IDQQR SL DEERQGDQWL Attingitoio in SHUTXDQWRULJXDUGDODWDUGDHWjGHO)HUUR ,,,VHFRORD& H EXFFKHURJULJLR 3DYLD0XVHL&LYLFL GRFXPHQWDQRODSURJUHVVLYDURPDQL]]D]LRQHGHOODSRSROD]LRQH GLFXOWXUDFHOWLFDVWDQ]LDWDD/RPHOORFRPHDFFDGHQHOUHVWR In basso GHOOD /RPHOOLQD OD FLYLOWj URPDQD LQÀXHQ]D RJQL DPELWR GHOOD 9DVHOODPHGDOOD QHFURSROLGL6DQ VRFLHWj DQFKH JOL DVSHWWL GHOOD YLWD TXRWLGLDQD FRQ QRUPH *LRYDQQL'RULD H UHJROH ULWL H WUDGL]LRQL SURGRWWL FRPPHUFLDOL 2OWUH DOOH 9LJHYDQR0XVHR WHVWLPRQLDQ]H PHVVH LQ OXFH QHOOR VFDYR GL 9LOOD 0DULD VRQR $UFKHRORJLFR1D]LRQDOH VLJQL¿FDWLYL D TXHVWR SURSRVLWR JOL RJJHWWL SHUWLQHQWL DL FRUUHGL WRPEDOLGLGXHQHFURSROLULQYHQXWHQHOO¶DUHDGHOODFDVFLQD6DQ *LRYDQQL'RULD WUDLOHLO HQHOOD]RQDGHQRPLQDWD %UHOOH QHOO¶2WWRFHQWR  SXUWURSSR VPHPEUDWL WUD YDUL PXVHL H FROOH]LRQL VH QRQ DGGLULWWXUD GLVSHUVL , UHSHUWL SURYHQLHQWL GD 6DQ *LRYDQQL 'RULD RJJL FRQVHUYDWL SUHVVR LO 0XVHR $UFKHRORJLFR1D]LRQDOHGL9LJHYDQR VRQRGDWDELOLWUDLO,,HLO , VHFROR D& QHOOH IRUPH H QHOOD GHFRUD]LRQH GHO YDVHOODPH HVSULPRQR DQFRUD L FDUDWWHUL GHOOD FXOWXUD LQGLJHQD FHOWLFD YL FRPSDUHDQFKHXQUDURYDVRSLULIRUPH 3 ,PDWHULDOLGD%UHOOHFROORFDELOLWUDOD¿QHGHO,VHFRORD&HJOLLQL]L GHO,,VHFRORG&SURYDQRLQYHFHODFRPSLXWDURPDQL]]D]LRQH GHOODSRSROD]LRQHFRQO¶DGR]LRQHGLULWXDOLIXQHUDULHVWUDQHLDOOD WUDGL]LRQH ORFDOH H GL RJJHWWL GL LPSRUWD]LRQH DG HVHPSLR OH OXFHUQH LO YDVHOODPH LQ YHWUR OH VWDWXHWWH ¿WWLOL H OH appliques GHFRUDWLYH GL OHWWL IXQHUDUL  GL HVVLULPDQHSHUzVRORXQDEUHYH descrizione corredata da alcune IRWRJUD¿HLQXQWHVWRGL*3RQWH4 1HOO¶HSRFDURPDQDHWDUGRDQWLFD VLKDXQDYHUDHSURSULD¿RULWXUD GHO FHQWUR Laumellum q XQD mansio OXQJR OD JUDQGH YLD FKH da Ticinum conduceva verso OH *DOOLH via publica allestita in HWj DXJXVWHD ULFDOFDQGR FRPH VL q GHWWR LWLQHUDUL SUHLVWRULFL  LO WRSRQLPR q PHQ]LRQDWR GDOOH IRQWL LWLQHUDULH DQWLFKH OD 7DYROD

3 9DQQDFFL /XQD]]L * La necropoli preromana di San Giovanni Doria di Lomello LQ ³&RQWULEXWL GHOO¶,VWLWXWR GL $UFKHRORJLD GHOO¶8QLYHUVLWj &DWWROLFD GL 0LODQR´9SS0LODQR 4 3RQWH* $QWLFKLWjORPHOOLQH,'L XQD 1HFURSROLSUHVVR /RPHOORLQ³$WWL GHOOD6RFLHWjGL$UFKHRORJLDH%HOOH$UWLSHUODSURYLQFLDGL7RULQR´YRO9SS (G3DUDYLD7RULQR

24 3HXWLQJHULDQDO¶,WLQHUDULRGL$QWRQLQRHO¶,WLQHUDULR%XUGLJDOHQVH LYDVLGL9LFDUHOOR0DLaumellum DVVXPHSUHVWRDQFKHLOUXRORGL QRGRVWUDGDOHDOFHQWURGLXQDYLDELOLWjPLQRUHFKHDWWUDYHUVDYD LOWHUULWRULRFROOHJDQGRLGLYHUVLLQVHGLDPHQWLUXUDOLVSDUVLQHOOH DWWXDOLFDPSDJQH WHVWLPRQLDWLSUHYDOHQWHPHQWHGDQHFURSROL 5 ,PLOLDULULWURYDWLD/RPHOORSHUORSLLQUHLPSLHJRVRQRXQD SURYDHORTXHQWHGLTXHVWDYRFD]LRQHDFHQWURVWUDGDOH 6L q GLVFXVVR VH LQ HSRFD URPDQD Laumellum IRVVH XQ municipium DXWRQRPR FRQ SURSULR WHUULWRULR H SURSULH PDJLVWUDWXUH SHUDOWUR PHQ]LRQDWH LQ HSLJUD¿ ORFDOL  RSSXUH XQ VHPSOLFH vicus nel territorio di Ticinum o di un’altra città FRQ¿QDQWH FRPHVercellae o 1RYDULD  /¶DELWDWRGLHWjURPDQDVRUJHYDGRYHVLWURYDLOQXFOHRVWRULFR DWWXDOHLQSRVL]LRQHGRPLQDQWHVXOODYDOOHGHOWRUUHQWH$JRJQD )RUVHJOLLPSLDQWLGHOODmansio GLHGHURYLWDDSRFRDSRFRD XQDELWDWRSLFRQVLVWHQWHHGRWDWRGLVWUXWWXUHDUFKLWHWWRQLFKH GLFDUDWWHUHGXUHYROHIDYRUHQGRO¶DJJUHJD]LRQHGHOOHFRPXQLWj UXUDOLVSDUVHQHLGLQWRUQLÊGXEELRWXWWDYLDFKHLOFHQWURSRVVD DYHUDYXWRXQDSLDQL¿FD]LRQHXUEDQDVLVWHPDWLFD6 6RQR DWWHVWDWH FRPXQTXH FRVWUX]LRQL FRQ FDUDWWHULVWLFKH GL SUHJLR 8Q HGL¿FLR GL OXVVR HUD QHOOD ]RQD GL YLD *DOOHULQD GRYH QHO  YHQQH ULWURYDWR XQ PRVDLFR SDYLPHQWDOH D PRWLYLJHRPHWULFLH¿JXUDWL WHVWDGL*RUJRQH ,OPRVDLFR RUD FRQVHUYDWRQHO0XQLFLSLR GDWDWRDOOD¿QHGHO,,VHFRORG&7 q O¶XQLFR ¿QRUD ULQYHQXWR LQ /RPHOOLQD D ULSURYD GHO UXROR LPSRUWDQWH H QRQ VHFRQGDULR ULYHVWLWR GDO FHQWUR QHO TXDOH ULVLHGHYDQR SUREDELOPHQWH SHUVRQDJJL GL XQ FHUWR UDQJR LQ FDVHDSSURSULDWH Laumellum GRYHYD TXLQGL JRGHUH GL XQD FHUWD SURVSHULWj GHULYDWDGDOORVIUXWWDPHQWRGHOOHFDPSDJQHFLUFRVWDQWL OHIRQWL OHWWHUDULHDQWLFKHSDUODQRGHOODIHUDFLWjGHOWHUULWRULRIUDLO7LFLQRH LO3RGHQRPLQDWRregio Aliana PDFHUWRDQFKHGDOODSRVVLELOLWj GL FRPPHUFL OXQJR OH YLH GL FRPXQLFD]LRQH /D SUHVHQ]D GL HOHPHQWL VFXOWRUHL ODSLGHL H PDUPRUHL SHUWLQHQWL D PRQXPHQWL IXQHUDULRYRWLYLqXQDSURYDXOWHULRUHGHOEHQHVVHUHHFRQRPLFR

5 0DFFDEUXQL & Laumellum nel territorio di Ticinum: da centro di strada a fortezzaLQ³$QQDOLGL6WRULD3DYHVH´QSS(G1XRYD 7LSRJUD¿D 3RSRODUH3DYLD 6 ,QYHUQL]]L 5 Il territorio in età preromana e romana LQ$$ 99Lomello. La pieve di Santa Maria Maggiore e il restauro degli stucchi SS (G (7 0LODQR 7 6FKLIRQH & Un mosaico romano di recente acquisizione a Lomello LQ Ritrovamenti archeologici nella provincia di Pavia$WWLGHOFRQYHJQRGL&DVWHJJLR SS/LVVRQH

25 WDOH GRFXPHQWD]LRQH DUFKHRORJLFD HVWUHPDPHQWH UDUD QHO WHUULWRULRORPHOOLQRFRVWLWXLVFHLQIDWWLXQWUDWWRGLGLVWLQ]LRQH8 ,O IDWWR FKH PROWL ULQYHQLPHQWL VLDQR DYYHQXWL QHOO¶2WWRFHQWR R QHJOLDQQL&LQTXDQWD6HVVDQWDGHO1RYHFHQWRWHPSLLQFXLJOL VFDYL DUFKHRORJLFL QRQ VHPSUH HUDQR FRQGRWWLFRQULJRUHVFLHQWL¿FRFLSULYD SXUWURSSR GHOOD SRVVLELOLWj GL GH¿QLUH FRPSLXWDPHQWH OH FDUDWWHULVWLFKH GHOO¶LQVHGLDPHQWRLQHWjURPDQDVRQR DWWHVWDWL LQIDWWL ULWURYDPHQWL GL DOWUH WRPEH R QHFURSROL QHOOH FDPSDJQH DG HVHPSLR QHOOD ]RQD GHO FLPLWHUR DOODFDVFLQD%RUDJQRLQSURVVLPLWjGHO FRQ¿QHFRQ9LOOD%LVFRVVL RGLUHVWLGL VWUXWWXUH LQ SDHVH PD OD GLVSHUVLRQH GHLPDWHULDOLLQXQFDVRHODPDQFDQ]D GLGRFXPHQWD]LRQHJUD¿FDRIRWRJUD¿FD GHOULQYHQLPHQWRQHOO¶DOWURQRQSHUPHWWH GLDSSURIRQGLUHOHQRVWUHFRQRVFHQ]H /HFDPSDJQHGLVFDYRFRQGRWWHQHOOD ]RQD GL 9LOOD 0DULD GDSSULPD GDOOH 8QLYHUVLWjGL/DQFDVWHU/RQGUDH3DYLD

8 0DFFDEUXQL&Testimonianze di scultura celebrativa privata a LaumellumLQ ³4XDGHUQL7LFLQHVLGL1XPLVPDWLFDH$QWLFKLWjFODVVLFKH´;9,,SS

26 A fronte in alto  9 LQ VHJXLWR GDOOD 6RSULQWHQGHQ]D   0RVDLFRGLHWjURPDQD KDQQRRIIHUWRLQYHFHPROWLHOHPHQWLSHUXQDULFRVWUX]LRQHPHQR GDYLD*DOOHULQD /RPHOOR0XQLFLSLR LSRWHWLFDGHOFHQWURLQHWjWDUGRDQWLFDHDOWRPHGLHYDOH6RQR VWDWLPHVVLLQOXFHLQIDWWLXQDPSLRWUDWWRGHOODFLQWDPXUDULDFRQ A fronte in basso GXHWRUULHODSRUWDXUELFDROWUHDUHVWLGLHGL¿FLFKHGDOO¶HSRFD Ara di Manilius ,XVWXVGD/RPHOOR WDUGRURPDQD DUULYDQR ¿QR DO EDVVR 0HGLRHYR SXUWURSSR LQ 9LJHYDQR,VWLWXWR5RQFDOOL SHVVLPRVWDWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH /DFLQWDPXUDULDGLDOWH]]D LPSRQHQWHFRPHqDQFRUDEHQHYLGHQWHQHOWUDWWRFRQVHUYDWR In basso 5HVWLGHOODFLQWDPXUDULD QHOOD&KLHVDGL6DQWD0DULD0DJJLRUHFLQJHYDXQ¶DUHDGLFLUFD /RPHOOR9LOOD0DULD TXDWWUR HWWDUL D GLPRVWUD]LRQH GHOO¶DFFUHVFLXWD LPSRUWDQ]D GHOFHQWURGLYHQXWRXQDYDPSRVWRVWUDWHJLFRGLGLIHVDYHUVR O¶2FFLGHQWH10 /DIDWWXUDqHFFHOOHQWHSUHVHQWDXQSDUDPHQWRLQPDWWRQLHXQ QXFOHR LQWHUQR LQ IUDPPHQWL GL ODWHUL]L H SRFKL  FLRWWROL OHJDWL GD RWWLPD PDOWD FRQ LQWHUYDOOL UHJRODUL GL FRUVLGLPDWWRQLLQWHULSRVWLGLSLDWWR,OWUDWWR PHVVRLQOXFHQHOO¶DUHDGL9LOOD0DULDqGL FLUFDPHWUL PDSURVHJXHROWUHOHVH]LRQL GHOORVFDYR KDXQDODUJKH]]DQHOSXQWR PDVVLPR GL  PHWUL HG q FRQVHUYDWD LUUHJRODUPHQWH LQ DOWH]]D GD XQ PLQLPR GLPHWURDXQPDVVLPRGLSHUFKp VRWWRSRVWD QHL VHFROL H SDUWLFRODUPHQWH QHO;,;VHFRORDLQWHUYHQWLGLGHPROL]LRQH HVSROLD]LRQH6RQRVWDWHPHVVHLQOXFH VXO ODWR HVWHUQR GXH WRUUL UHWWDQJRODUL RJJL LUUHJRODUL QHO FRQWRUQR D FDXVD GHOOH VSROLD]LRQL  GL FLUFD  [  PHWUL SRVWH D  PHWUL GL GLVWDQ]D O¶XQD dall’altra11 &ROOHJDQGRTXHVWRWUDWWRFRQODSRU]LRQH GLPXURLQJOREDWDQHOODFKLHVDHFRQDOFXQL lacerti inglobati in costruzioni lungo via &LUFRQYDOOD]LRQH q SRVVLELOH ULFRVWUXLUH

9 0XJJLD$/¶LQVHGLDPHQWRIRUWL¿FDWRGL/RPHOOR9LOOD0DULD VFDYL0DFFDEUXQL - Blake, 1984-1991)LQ³%ROOHWWLQRGHOOD6RFLHWj3DYHVHGL6WRULD3DWULD´&;,,SS (G&LVDOSLQR3DYLD 10 0DFFDEUXQL & Le mura di Laumellum, in Mura delle città romane in Lombardia$WWLGHO&RQYHJQRSS&RPR 11 ,QYHUQL]]L5/RPHOOR 39 9LOOD0DULD,QVHGLDPHQWRSOXULVWUDWL¿FDWRHPXUD del castrum. Relazione preliminareLQ³1RWL]LDULRGHOOD6RSULQWHQGHQ]D SHUL%HQL$UFKHRORJLFLGHOOD/RPEDUGLD´SS0LODQR ,QYHUQL]]L5/¶LQVHGLDPHQWRSOXULVWUDWL¿FDWRGL/RPHOOR1XRYLVFDYLD9LOOD0DULD LQ³%ROOHWWLQRGHOOD6RFLHWj3DYHVHGL6WRULD3DWULD´&;,,SS(G&LVDOSLQR 3DYLD

27 In alto FRQVXI¿FLHQWHDSSURVVLPD]LRQHLOSHUFRUVRGHOOHIRUWL¿FD]LRQL 3RVL]LRQDPHQWRGHOOR FKHGRYHYDQRVHJXLUHODPRUIRORJLDGHOGRVVRDQFRURJJLEHQ scavo e ricostruzione GHOSHUFRUVRGHOOHPXUD OHJJLELOH QHOOH IRWRJUD¿H DHUHH H QHOOD SLDQWD FDWDVWDOH IXWXUL /RPHOOR9LOOD0DULD VFDYLORFDOL]]DWLOXQJRLOSHUFRUVRSHUPHWWHUDQQRGLPHWWHUQHLQ HYLGHQ]DDOWULWUDWWL In basso )RQGRGLFDSDQQDGL $OO¶LQWHUQR GHOOD FLQWD PXUDULD LQ SURVVLPLWj GL HVVD YL HUDQR HWjDOWRPHGLHYDOH WUDFFH GHOO¶LQVHGLDPHQWR DOWRPHGLHYDOH FDUDWWHUL]]DWR GD /RPHOOR9LOOD0DULD VWUXWWXUHSUHFDULHFRPHWUHIRQGLGLFDSDQQHUHWWDQJRODULDEDVH LQIRVVDWDRULJLQDULDPHQWHGRWDWHGLDO]DWLLQPDWHULDOLGHSHULELOLH FRSHUWXUDVRVWHQXWDGDSDOLOLJQHLFRPHLQGLFDQRGLYHUVHEXFKH SRVWHDOO¶LQWHUQRHDOO¶HVWHUQRGHO SHULPHWUR ,Q SURVVLPLWj GHOOH PXUD DOO¶HVWHUQR H DOO¶LQWHUQR GL HVVH  HUD DQFKH XQD VHULH GL VHSROWXUH D LQXPD]LRQH LQTXDGUDELOL GDOO¶HSRFD WDUGR DQWLFDDTXHOODEDVVRPHGLHYDOH SRFKH GHOOH TXDOL GRWDWH GL FRUUHGR /D SUHVHQ]D GHOOH WRPEH LQGLFD FKH WDOH IDVFLD HUD H[WUDXUEDQD LQ HSRFD URPDQD TXDQGR HUD YLHWDWR VHSSHOOLUHDOO¶LQWHUQRGHOO¶DELWDWR  H FRPXQTXH SHULIHULFD QHOOH HSRFKHVXFFHVVLYH 5HVWD LO SUREOHPD GHOOD GDWD]LRQH GHOOD FLQWD FKH JOL VWXGLRVL KDQQR YDULDPHQWH SRVWR WUD O¶HWj JRWD H TXHOOD ORQJREDUGD 6H L ULVXOWDWL GHOOH DQDOLVL GL WHUPROXPLQHVFHQ]D HIIHWWXDWHQHO SRUWDQRDO 9VHFRORLQGLFD]LRQLGLFDUDWWHUH VWUDWLJUD¿FR ULFDYDWH GDL QXRYL VFDYL LQGXUUHEEHUR D SHQVDUH DOPHQR DO VHFROR VXFFHVVLYR O¶DUJRPHQWR DQGUHEEH ULSUHVR DSSURIRQGHQGR JOL DVSHWWL storici12 Il castrum FLQWR GDOOH PXUD

12 ,QYHUQL]]L5/¶LQVHGLDPHQWRSOXULVWUDWL¿FDWRGL/RPHOOR1XRYLVFDYLD9LOOD Maria LQ ³%ROOHWWLQR GHOOD 6RFLHWj 3DYHVH GL 6WRULD 3DWULD´ &;,, SS  (G &LVDOSLQR3DYLD

28 HUD VHGH GL XQD JXDUQLJLRQH PLOLWDUH PD RVSLWDYD DQFKH OD SRSROD]LRQHFLYLOHFRPHSURYDQRLUHSHUWLULQYHQXWLQHJOLVFDYL FKH DWWHVWDQR DQFKH XQ FHUWR EHQHVVHUH HFRQRPLFR GHJOL DELWDQWL SUREDELOPHQWH QHL PRPHQWL GL PDJJLRUH SHULFROR FRVWLWXLYD DQFKH XQ ULIXJLR SHU JOL LQVHGLDPHQWL UXUDOL GHO WHUULWRULR 8OWHULRUH SURYD GHOOD SURVSHULWj HFRQRPLFD QRQFKp GHOUXRORLPSRUWDQWHqO¶DYYLRGHOODFRVWUX]LRQHGLTXHOORFKH GLYHQWHUjXQFRPSOHVVRUHOLJLRVRGLQRWHYROHULOLHYRLOEDWWLVWHUR FRQODYLFLQDEDVLOLFD /H LPSRQHQWL IRUWL¿FD]LRQL GL Laumellum SHUVHUR SURJUHVVLYDPHQWH OD ORUR IXQ]LRQH H IXURQR VRVWLWXLWH QHO 0HGLRHYR GD XQ¶DOWUD FLQWD 1HO FRUVR GHO WHPSR YHQQHUR GHSUHGDWHSHUUHFXSHUDUHPDWWRQLDGGLULWWXUDIDWWHVDOWDUHFRQ O¶LPSLHJR GHOOD GLQDPLWH QHO ;,; VHFROR FRPH DWWHVWDQR JOL VWRULFL ORFDOL SHU O¶XWLOL]]R GHL EORFFKL QHJOL DUJLQL GHOO¶$JRJQD R GHL IRVVL LQ FDPSDJQD13 QHOOR VFDYR VRQR VWDWL ULQYHQXWL LQIDWWLJURVVLEORFFKLVFDO]DWLHULEXWWDWL,OWDJOLRGLDVSRUWD]LRQH RSHUDWRSHUVSRJOLDUHLQSURIRQGLWjKDFRPSRUWDWRODGLVWUX]LRQH GL QXPHURVL PDQXIDWWL VWUDWL¿FDWLVL QHL VHFROL D ULGRVVR GHOOD PXUDWXUD FRPSURPHWWHQGR OD SRVVLELOLWj GL FRPSUHQGHUH SLHQDPHQWHLUDSSRUWLLQWHUFRUVLIUDOHYDULHFRVWUX]LRQL

13 3RQWH*$QWLFKLWjORPHOOLQH,'LXQD1HFURSROLSUHVVR/RPHOORLQ³$WWLGHOOD 6RFLHWjGL$UFKHRORJLDH%HOOH$UWLSHUODSURYLQFLDGL7RULQR´YRO9SS(G 3DUDYLD7RULQR

%LEOLRJUD¿D

,QYHUQL]]L5Il territorio in età preromana e romanaLQ$$99Lomello. La pieve di Santa Maria Maggiore e il restauro degli stucchiSS(G (70LODQR

,QYHUQL]]L 5 /RPHOOR 39  9LOOD 0DULD ,QVHGLDPHQWR SOXULVWUDWL¿FDWR H mura del castrum. Relazione preliminareLQ³1RWL]LDULRGHOOD 6RSULQWHQGHQ]D SHU L %HQL$UFKHRORJLFL GHOOD /RPEDUGLD´ SS  0LODQR

,QYHUQL]]L5/¶LQVHGLDPHQWRSOXULVWUDWL¿FDWRGL/RPHOOR1XRYLVFDYLD9LOOD MariaLQ³%ROOHWWLQRGHOOD6RFLHWj3DYHVHGL6WRULD3DWULD´&;,,SS (G&LVDOSLQR3DYLD

0DFFDEUXQL&, Testimonianze di scultura celebrativa privata a Laumellum LQ³4XDGHUQL7LFLQHVLGL1XPLVPDWLFDH$QWLFKLWjFODVVLFKH´;9,,SS 

29 0DFFDEUXQL & Le mura di Laumellum LQ Mura delle città romane in Lombardia$WWLGHO&RQYHJQRSS&RPR

0DFFDEUXQL & Laumellum nel territorio di Ticinum: da centro di strada a fortezzaLQ³$QQDOLGL6WRULD3DYHVH´QSS(G1XRYD 7LSRJUD¿D3RSRODUH3DYLD

0XJJLD $ /¶LQVHGLDPHQWR IRUWL¿FDWR GL /RPHOOR 9LOOD 0DULD VFDYL Maccabruni-Blake, 1984-1991) LQ ³%ROOHWWLQR GHOOD 6RFLHWj 3DYHVH GL 6WRULD3DWULD´&;,,SS(G&LVDOSLQR3DYLD

3HDUFH 0 Cataloghi dei Musei Civici di Pavia, I materiali preistorici 0LODQR

3RQWH*$QWLFKLWjORPHOOLQH,'LXQD1HFURSROLSUHVVR/RPHOORLQ³$WWL GHOOD6RFLHWjGL$UFKHRORJLDH%HOOH$UWLSHUODSURYLQFLDGL7RULQR´YRO9 SS(G3DUDYLD7RULQR

6FKLIRQH & Un mosaico romano di recente acquisizione a Lomello LQ Ritrovamenti archeologici nella provincia di Pavia$WWL GHO FRQYHJQR GL &DVWHJJLRSS/LVVRQH

9DQQDFFL/XQD]]L*La necropoli preromana di San Giovanni Doria di LomelloLQ³&RQWULEXWLGHOO¶,VWLWXWRGL$UFKHRORJLDGHOO¶8QLYHUVLWj&DWWROLFD GL0LODQR´9SS0LODQR

30 I restauri storici della Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore di Lomello

Paolo Savio - Soprintendenza per i Beni Architettonici e Paesaggistici di Milano

L’intervento di restauro condotto nella Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH D /RPHOOR VL FROORFD QHO SHULRGR VWRULFR FKH YHGH QHO GLEDWWLWR FXOWXUDOH VXO WHPD GHO UHVWDXUR GHL PRQXPHQWL O¶DIIHUPDUVLGLXQDQXRYDWHRULDTXHOODFRVLGGHWWD³VFLHQWL¿FD´ R³¿ORORJLFD´LOFXLSDGUHHGLYXOJDWRUHIX*XVWDYR*LRYDQQRQL   Prendendo le distanze dalla teoria stilistica e da quella da Lui GH¿QLWD³PRGHUQLVWD´GHVFULYHODSULPDFRPHDQWLVFLHQWL¿FDH SRUWDWULFHGLIDOVL¿FD]LRQLHDUELWUL&RQWURODVHFRQGDQHJDQGR O¶HVLVWHQ]DGLXQDFXOWXUDDUFKLWHWWRQLFDFKHIRVVHHIIHWWLYDPHQWH HVSUHVVLRQH GHO ³QRVWUR VHFROR´ VRVWLHQH O¶LPSRVVLELOLWj GL FRQYLYHQ]D IUD OH RSHUH GHO SUHVHQWH H TXHOOH GHO SDVVDWR /¶LQJUHVVR GHOOD PRGHUQLWj QHO FDPSR GHO UHVWDXUR WRFFD HVFOXVLYDPHQWHLOODWRWHFQRORJLFRFRQLOULFRUVRSRVVLELOPHQWH RFFXOWDWRDLQXRYLPDWHULDOLFRPHO¶DFFLDLRHLOFHPHQWRDUPDWR HDOOHQXRYHWHFQLFKHVLDPSOLDQROHSRVVLELOLWj GL VRSUDYYLYHQ]D H GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GHOOH SUHHVLVWHQ]H DUFKLWHWWRQLFKH ,Q RSSRVL]LRQH D TXHVWH GXH WHRULH *LRYDQQRQL HODERUD TXHOOD GDOXLGH¿QLWD³LQWHUPHGLD´ 3UHVFULYHQGRLOULVSHWWRGHOOHDJJLXQWHGLYDORUH DUWLVWLFRQRQRVWDQWHYHQJDOHVDO¶XQLWjVWLOLVWLFD OD WHRULD JLRYDQQRQLDQD SURSRQH GL ULGXUUH DO PLQLPR QHFHVVDULR SHU OD VWDELOLWj GHOO¶HGL¿FLR GD UHVWDXUDUH OH RSHUH GL PDQXWHQ]LRQH ULSDUD]LRQH H FRQVROLGDPHQWR 6RQR DPPHVVL L FRPSOHWDPHQWL PD VROR VH VL IRQGDQR VX GDWL DVVROXWDPHQWH FHUWL SURSRQHQGR SHU OD GLVWLQ]LRQH GHOOH DJJLXQWH O¶XWLOL]]R GL PDWHULDOL GLYHUVL O¶DSSRVL]LRQH GL GDWH H O¶DGR]LRQH GL VHPSOLFLLQWHJUD]LRQLGLPDVVDDO¿QHGLFRPSOHWDUH OH OLQHH DUFKLWHWWRQLFKH G¶LQVLHPH GHOO¶HGL¿FLR 4XHVWHOLQHHGLSHQVLHURLQÀXHQ]DURQRLQPRGR GHWHUPLQDQWH OD Conferenza Internazionale di esperti per la protezione e la conservazione dei

31 Pagina precedente monumenti di arte e di storiaFKHVLVYROVHDG$WHQHGDODO ,QWHUQRSULPDGHLUHVWDXUL RWWREUHHIXURQRULSUHVHQHOODVWHVXUDGHOOD³&DUWDGHO Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR UHVWDXUR LWDOLDQD´ FKH YHQQH SXEEOLFDWD GDO ³%ROOHWWLQR Gµ$UWH´ 6%$30LODQR QHOJHQQDLRGHO $UFKLYLR)RWRJUD¿FR ,QFDPSRSUDWLFR*LRYDQQRQLGLVWLQJXHFLQTXHWLSLGLLQWHUYHQWR D VHFRQGD GHOOR VFRSR FKH VL SUH¿JJRQR H OL FODVVL¿FD LQ In basso FRQVROLGDPHQWR ULFRPSRVL]LRQH OLEHUD]LRQH FRPSOHWDPHQWR 3ODQLPHWULDJHQHUDOHGL HLQQRYD]LRQH,OSULPRFRPSHQGLDWXWWHTXHOOHRSHUHWHFQLFKH rilievo della Basilica di 6DQWD0DULD0DJJLRUH DWWHDGDUUHVWDUHLGLVVHVWLGLXQHGL¿FLRHGqO¶XQLFRDGDFFHWWDUH Col tratteggio sono LFRQWULEXWLRIIHUWLGDOODWHFQRORJLDPRGHUQDLOVHFRQGRLPSLHJD evidenziate le strutture LO PHWRGR GHOO¶DQDVWLORVL SURFHGHQGR DOOD ULFRPSRVL]LRQH originarie della basilica HGHOEDWWLVWHUR   PHFFDQLFDVHFRQGRODGLVSRVL]LRQHRULJLQDULDGHJOLHOHPHQWL 6%$30LODQR VSDUVL GL XQD FRVWUX]LRQH /¶LQWHUYHQWR GL OLEHUD]LRQH FRQVLVWH $UFKLYLR'LVHJQL QHOO¶HOLPLQD]LRQHGHOOHDJJLXQWHSULYHGLYDORUHDUWLVWLFRDJJLXQWH FKHSRVVRQRHVVHUHVHPSOLFLWDPSRQDWXUHRHGL¿FLVHFRQGDUL DGGRVVDWLDOPRQXPHQWRFKHQHRFFXOWDQRODYLVWD*LRYDQQRQL SHUPHWWHUHLQOXFHO¶DVSHWWRRULJLQDULRGLXQHGL¿FLRQRQHVLWHUj DULPXRYHUHOHVWUDWL¿FD]LRQLPHQRDQWLFKHFKHORQDVFRQGRQRH OR³DOWHUDQR´,OFRPSOHWDPHQWRDO¿QHGLUDJJLXQJHUHXQDXQLWj IRUPDOHSHUPHWWHO¶DJJLXQWDGLSDUWLQXRYHSXUFKpTXHVWHVLDQR DFFHVVRULHFRPHDGHVHPSLRXQDSRU]LRQHGLFRUQLFH /¶XOWLPD FDWHJRULD ULJXDUGD OH DJJLXQWH GL SDUWL HVVHQ]LDOL FRQ GLVHJQR QXRYR H ³ SRVVRQR HVVHUQH PRYHQWH R UDJLRQLG¶DUWHRGLGHFRURSHU DEEHOOLUHLOPRQXPHQWRFRPH QHOOHQXRYHIDFFLDWHGLFKLHVH TXDQGROHDQWLFKHPDQFDQR´ La Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH HGL¿FDWD WUD LO 1025 e il 1040 e descritta da $. 3RUWHU FRPH XQR GHJOL HGL¿FL SL LPSRUWDQWL GHOO¶;, VHFROR VXEu DOWHUQH YLFHQGH 6HFRQGR OR VWRULFR 3RUWDOXSL VHF;9,,, QHOLVROGDWL del Barbarossa distrussero /RPHOOR PHQWUH VL GLULJHYDQR YHUVR $OHVVDQGULD $OWUL VWRULFL FROOHJDQR OD SDU]LDOH GLVWUX]LRQH GHOOD IDFFLDWD GHOOD EDVLOLFD H GL SDUWH GHOOD

32 QDYDWDSULQFLSDOHDOO¶LQFHQGLRFKH distrusse la rocca nel 1155 alla TXDOHODFKLHVDHUDDGGRVVDWD/D EDVLOLFDVDUHEEHFRPXQTXHVWDWD GLVWUXWWD DJOL LQL]L GHO ;,, VHFROR H ULFRVWUXLWD FRL YHFFKL PDWHULDOL GDOOR VWHVVR LPSHUDWRUH FRVWUHWWR GD XQD SHQLWHQ]D LQÀLWWDJOL GD 3DSD $OHVVDQGUR ,,, 1HO FRUVR GHL VHFROL LO EDWWLVWHUR IX TXDVL FRPSOHWDPHQWH LQJOREDWR QHOOD FRUWLQD HGLOL]LD FKH VL HVWHVH DO FRUSR DEVLGDOH /¶LQWHUQR GHOOD FKLHVD YHQQH WUDVIRUPDWR QHO ;9,, VHFROR FRQ OD FRVWUX]LRQH GHOOHYROWHGHOODQDYDWDPDJJLRUH PHQWUH VXO ¿DQFR QRUG IX UHDOL]]DWDODFDSSHOODGHO5RVDULR /¶LQWHUHVVDPHQWR DOOH SUHFDULH condizioni di conservazione della Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH q WHVWLPRQLDWR GD XQ LQWHUYHQWRUHDOL]]DWRQHOSHU LO FRQVROLGDPHQWR GHOOH DUFDWH DQWLVWDQWLODIDFFLDWDGHOODFKLHVD PHGLDQWHODSRVDGLFDWHQHLQIHUUR DGXHOLYHOOLVRYUDSSRVWL7HUPLQDWD TXHVWD SULPD RSHUD]LRQH QRQ risultano essere stati realizzati DOWULLQWHUYHQWL¿QRDOTXDQGR O¶DUFK *LQR &KLHULFL GLYHQXWR 6RSULQWHQGHQWH D 0LODQR H SUHVD FRQRVFHQ]D GHOOR VWDWR GL GHJUDGRGHOOHVWUXWWXUHUHGLJHXQSUHYHQWLYRGLPDVVLPDSHUXQD VRPPDSDULDOLUHFKHYHUUjSRLVRWWRSRVWRDO0LQLVWHUR SHUODULFKLHVWDGLXQ¿QDQ]LDPHQWR6XOODVFRUWDGHLULOLHYLHVHJXLWL QHJOL DQQL SUHFHGHQWL GDOO¶DUFK &DUOR 1LJUD VL SXz ULFRVWUXLUH TXDOH HUD OD FRQVLVWHQ]D HGLOL]LD GHOOD IDEEULFD SULPD GHJOL LQWHUYHQWLGLUHVWDXURFRQGRWWLGD&KLHULFL'DOULOLHYRSODQLPHWULFR GL WXWWR LO FRPSOHVVR FKLHVDEDWWLVWHURFDQRQLFD UHGDWWR QHO HGDXQDULSUHVDIRWRJUD¿FDGHOO¶LQWHUQRVLHYLQFHFRPH ODFKLHVDSRVVHGHVVHXQVLVWHPDYROWDWRDFRSHUWXUDGHOODQDYH FHQWUDOHLPSRVWDWDVXJOLDUFRQLWUDVYHUVDOLHVXLPXULLQHOHYDWR DO GL VRSUD GHOOH DUFDWH VRVWHQXWH GDL SLODVWUL RJQL FDPSDWD

33 Pagina precedente FRPSUHVDWUDJOLDUFRQLHUDFRSHUWDGDXQDYROWDDERWWHFRQGXH in alto 3DUWLFRODULGHOO¶DUPDWXUD OXQHWWHSHUODWRFXLFRUULVSRQGHYDQRDOWUHWWDQWH¿QHVWUHDOFXQH del tetto della navata RYDOLDOWUHUHWWDQJRODUL7XWWHOHVWUXWWXUHLQWHUQHHUDQRLQWRQDFDWH SULQFLSDOHGHOOD%DVLOLFD HGHFRUDWHVHFRQGRXQDVVHWWRDUFKLWHWWRQLFRGH¿QLWRVLWUDLO;9,, GL6DQWD0DULD0DJJLRUH HLO;,;VHFROR/HDUFDWHGHOOHOXQHWWHDQGDYDQRDGLQWHUVHFDUH DUFK&DUOR1LJUD   3DYLD0XVHL&LYLFL OHRULJLQDULH¿QHVWUHDOOXQJDWHDGRSSLRVJXLQFLRHRFFXOWDYDQRLO VLVWHPDOLJQHRD³PHQVROHHVWDPSHOOH´FKHVRUUHJJHYDOHWUDYL Pagina precedente GLEDQFKLQDVXOOHTXDOLVLLPSRVWDYDQROHFDSULDWH in basso 3DUWLFRODUHGHO³VLVWHPD 'DXQSUHFLVRULOLHYRGHOO¶DUFK&DUOR1LJUDHGDOOHIRWRGLDUFKLYLRq DPHQVRODHVWDPSHOOD´ SRVVLELOHGHVXPHUHO¶DVVHWWRVWUXWWXUDOHGHOVLVWHPDGLFRSHUWXUD a sostegno delle travi di 6XOODWRPHULGLRQDOHORVSD]LRFRPSUHVRWUDFKLHVDHEDWWLVWHUR DSSRJJLRSHUOHFDSULDWH HUD RFFXSDWR GD FRVWUX]LRQL UHDOL]]DWH VXFFHVVLYDPHQWH FKH della Basilica di Santa 0DULD0DJJLRUH QDVFRQGHYDQRSDU]LDOPHQWHLOSURVSHWWRODWHUDOHGHOODFKLHVDH Si noti l’estradosso delle TXDVLFRPSOHWDPHQWHLOEDWWLVWHURVWHVVR,QOLQHDFRQLSULQFLSL YROWHGLFRSHUWXUDGHOOD HVSUHVVL GD *LRYDQQRQL ULJXDUGR DOOD FDWHJRULD GHO UHVWDXUR QDYDWDFHQWUDOH 3DYLD0XVHL&LYLFL GL OLEHUD]LRQH &KLHULFL SURSRQH TXLQGL GL DEEDWWHUH WXWWH OH FRVWUX]LRQL DGGRVVDUH DO EDWWLVWHUR H DO ¿DQFR PHULGLRQDOH In basso GHOOD EDVLOLFD /D SHUL]LD GHO  JLXJQR  FRQWLHQH WXWWH OH Il battistero e la zona DEVLGDOHSULPDGHJOL LQGLFD]LRQLSURJHWWXDOLSHULOFRPSOHWRLQWHUYHQWR FKLHVDLQWHUQR interventi di liberazione HGHVWHUQRHEDWWLVWHUR HSUHFLVDPHQWH e restauro del 1940 ‡ ULIDFLPHQWR WRWDOH GHO WHWWR GHOOD QDYDWD FHQWUDOH FRQ Basilica di Santa Maria GHPROL]LRQHGHOOHYROWH 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR 6%$30LODQR ‡ ULIDFLPHQWRWHWWRQDYDWHODWHUDOLFRQFRQVHUYD]LRQHGHOOHYROWH $UFKLYLR)RWRJUD¿FR ‡ ULFRVWUX]LRQH GHL PXUL VRSUD JOL DUFKL WUDVYHUVDOL FRQ

34 LQVHULPHQWRGLXQDWUDYHGLFHPHQWRDUPDWRDULWHJQRGHOOH PXUDWXUHODWHUDOLLQFOLQDWHSHUODVSLQWDGHJOLDUFKL ‡ HOLPLQD]LRQHGLWXWWLJOLLQWRQDFL ‡ ULIDFLPHQWRGHOSDYLPHQWRFRQVFDYR¿QRDPHWULFRQ UHDOL]]D]LRQHGLXQDGHJXDWRVRWWRIRQGRLQFLRWWROL ‡ ULSULVWLQR GHOOH RULJLQDULH DSHUWXUH H FKLXVXUD GL TXHOOH HVLVWHQWL ‡ DEEDWWLPHQWR GHOOD FDSSHOOD GHO 5RVDULR HVLVWHQWH VXO ODWR QRUG ‡ GHPROL]LRQH GHOOD VDFUHVWLD H GHO SLFFROR FDPSDQLOH DGGRVVDWLDOWUDQVHWWRVXGHDOO¶DEVLGH

35 Pagina precedente ‡ LVRODPHQWRHULSULVWLQRGHOEDWWLVWHUR 7DYRODGLSURJHWWR ‡ VFDYR SHU ULSRUWDUH DOOD OXFH OD FULSWD LQ FRUULVSRQGHQ]D con indicazione delle GHPROL]LRQLHGHOOH GHOO¶DEVLGH PDJJLRUH H UHDOL]]D]LRQH GL VRODLR LQ ODWHUR nuove costruzioni FHPHQWR GDHIIHWWXDUVLQHOOD 'DOO¶HVDPH GHOOD GRFXPHQWD]LRQH IRWRJUD¿FD GL TXHJOL DQQL Basilica di Santa 0DULD0DJJLRUH QRQFKp GDOOD FRUULVSRQGHQ]D FRQVHUYDWD SUHVVR O¶DUFKLYLR 6RQRUDSSUHVHQWDWH GHOOD6RSULQWHQGHQ]DULVXOWDFKHGHOSURJHWWRJHQHUDOHYHQQH GXHSLDQWH XQDGL UHDOL]]DWR XQ SULPR ORWWR ULJXDUGDQWH LO SDU]LDOH ULSULVWLQR ULOLHYRHOµDOWUDGL SURJHWWR GHOVRWWRWHWWR GHO EDWWLVWHUR OD FRVWUX]LRQH GHO WHWWR GHOOD FKLHVD OR VFDYR della navata centrale: la GHOODFULSWDHODOLEHUD]LRQHTXDVLWRWDOHGHOOHDEVLGLHGHOODWR SULPDULSRUWDORVFKHPD PHULGLRQDOHGHOODEDVLOLFD esistente dell’orditura OLJQHDSULQFLSDOHOD &RQIURQWDQGR LO ULOLHYR GHO 1LJUD FRQ OH IRWR GL SULPD H GRSR seconda contiene la O¶LQWHUYHQWR VL QRWD FRPH &KLHULFL DEELD HOLPLQDWR LO VLVWHPD SURSRVWDSURJHWWXDOH D ³PHQVROH H VWDPSHOOH´ ULFRUUHQGR DOO¶XVR GL FDSULDWH OLJQHH FRQO¶HOLPLQD]LRQH GHOVLVWHPDD LPSRVWDWHGLYHUVDPHQWHVXLPXULG¶DPELWR3HULOFRQVROLGDPHQWR ³PHQVRODHVWDPSHOOD´ GHOODPXUDWXUDVRSUDVWDQWHJOLDUFRQLWUDVYHUVDOLYLHQHUHDOL]]DWR O¶LQVHULPHQWRGHOODWUDYH VXGLHVVLXQFRUGRORLQFHPHQWRDUPDWRQHOORVSHVVRUHGHOOD LQFHPHQWRDUPDWRLQ PXUDWXUD H FROOHJDWR DOOD VRPPLWj GHOOH VWUXWWXUH PXUDULH FRUULVSRQGHQ]DGHJOL arconi trasversali e la SHULPHWUDOL ,O PDQWR GL FRSHUWXUD YHQQH DSSRJJLDWR VX XQ QXRYDRUGLWXUDOLJQHD ³VRWWRWHJROD VSHFLDOH FRQ FDPHUD G¶DULD´ RVVHUYDQGR OD IRWR 6%$30LODQR GL FDQWLHUH VL QRWD FRPH TXHVWR VLVWHPD IRVVH FRVWLWXLWR GD $UFKLYLR'LVHJQL WDYHOORQLDSSRJJLDWLVXOODVWUXWWXUDOLJQHD3HUTXDQWRULJXDUGDLO EDWWLVWHUR&KLHULFLSURFHGHD ‡ DEEDWWLPHQWRGLWXWWHOHVRYUDVWUXWWXUHDGGRVVDWHFRPSUHVL LORFDOLGHOO¶H[FDQRQLFDSRVWLWUDEDWWLVWHURHFKLHVD ‡ ULFRVWUX]LRQHGLXQDGHOOHDEVLGLQHVRSSUHVVHFRQPXUDWXUD DGLPLWD]LRQHGHOO¶HVLVWHQWHFRPSUHVDODFRVWUX]LRQHGHOOD YROWDDUD]]D ‡ GHPROL]LRQH GHO SDYLPHQWR H VFDYR ¿QR D UDJJLXQJHUH OH HYHQWXDOLJUDGLQDWHHGLOIRQWHEDWWHVLPDOH ‡ VFURVWDWXUDHULSUHVDGLWXWWHOHPXUDWXUHHGHOOHFRUQLFLGL JURQGDWDQWRDOO¶LQWHUQRFKHDOO¶HVWHUQR ‡ ULFRUVDJHQHUDOHGHOWHWWRFRQULFDPELRGLTXDVLWXWWLLOHJQDPL ‡ VLVWHPD]LRQH GL ¿QHVWUH FRQ RWWXUD]LRQH GHOOH SUHVHQWL H DSHUWXUDGHOOHRULJLQDULHIRUQHQGROHGLVHUUDPHQWL ‡ ULSULVWLQRGHOSDYLPHQWRRULJLQDULRLQFRFFLRSHVWRHPDOWD GLFDOFH 8QD YROWD FRQFOXVL JOL LQWHUYHQWL GL VFDYR H OLEHUD]LRQH FRQVHQWRQRD&KLHULFLGLGHVFULYHUHODFRQVLVWHQ]DDUFKLWHWWRQLFD VXSHUVWLWH VXOOD TXDOH LPSRVWDUH O¶RSHUD GL UHVWDXUR ³,O FRUSR FHQWUDOHLQEXRQRVWDWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH/HQLFFKLHDQJRODUL LQWHJUH QHOOD SDUWH VHSROWD H GXH GL HVVH FRPSOHWH ¿QR DO VHPLFDWLQR HUDQRSULYHVROWDQWRGHOWHWWR PHQWUHODWHU]DYROWD

36 DSSDULYDULIDWWDLQHSRFDQRQSUHFLVDELOHLOEUDFFLR GLPH]]RJLRUQRWUDVIRUPDWRLQDEVLGH«LOEUDFFLR GLVHWWHQWULRQHLQJUDQSDUWHGHPROLWRO¶DEVLGHHLO EUDFFLRGLSRQHQWHTXDVLUDVLDOVXRORPDWXWWLEHQ LGHQWL¿FDELOL´ 0DQFD OD GHVFUL]LRQH GHOO¶DEVLGH GL OHYDQWH OD PDJJLRUH &KLHULFL WXWWDYLD SURFHGH FRQ JUDQGH OLEHUWj DOOD FRPSOHWD ULFRVWUX]LRQH GL WDOH SDUWH PDQFDQWH SUHRFFXSDQGRVL GL UHQGHUH OHJJLELOH O¶LQWHUYHQWRPHGLDQWHO¶XWLOL]]RGLPDWWRQLODYRUDWLD ULJKHGLDJRQDOL 3HUGLVSRVL]LRQHGHOORVWHVVR&KLHULFLXQDODVWUD PDUPRUHDSRVWDDOO¶LQWHUQRGHOEDWWLVWHURWHVWLPRQLD ODFRQVLVWHQ]DHGLOL]LDSULPDGHLUHVWDXUL4XHVWROR VWDWRGHOO¶DUWHDO&KLHULFLLQWDQWRVRVSHWWDWR GLHVVHUHFRLQYROWRFROUHJLPHIDVFLVWDHUDVWDWR DOORQWDQDWR GDOOD 6RSULQWHQGHQ]D GL 0LODQR H QRPLQDWRFRQVHUYDWRUHRQRUDULRGHOOD&HUWRVDGL3DYLD 1RQRVWDQWHFLzHJOLPDQWHQQHYLYRLQWHUHVVDPHQWRDOOHYLFHQGH ORPHOOLQHQXPHURVDqODFRUULVSRQGHQ]DWUDLO6RSULQWHQGHQWH /XLJL&UHPDH&KLHULFLLOTXDOHVXHVSOLFLWDULFKLHVWDIRUQLVFHOH LQGLFD]LRQLSHUSURVHJXLUHLUHVWDXULHSHUFKLHGHUH¿QDQ]LDPHQWL

37 Pagina precedente in alto Il battistero durante le RSHUD]LRQLGLOLEHUD]LRQH Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR 6%$30LODQR $UFKLYLR)RWRJUD¿FR

Pagina precedente in basso )LDQFRQRUGGXUDQWHL ODYRULGLULIDFLPHQWR GHOOHFRSHUWXUH 6LQRWDQRLQSULPRSLDQR LWDYHOORQLIRUDWLXWLOL]]DWL GD&KLHULFLFRPHSLDQR GLDSSRJJLRSHULOPDQWR GLFRSHUWXUD Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR 39  3DYLD0XVHL&LYLFL

In alto Il battistero a OLEHUD]LRQHFRQFOXVD 6LSRVVRQRVFRUJHUH OHSULPHRSHUD]LRQLGL ricostruzione di due DEVLGLROH Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR 3DYLD0XVHL&LYLFL

A lato Il battistero GRSRLUHVWDXUL Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR 6%$30LODQR $UFKLYLR)RWRJUD¿FR

Pagina successiva Interni a UHVWDXULFRPSOHWDWL Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR 3DYLD0XVHL&LYLFL

38 DO0LQLVWHUR6XRqLOSUHYHQWLYRGRYHVRQRHOHQFDWLLODYRULSHULO FRPSOHWDPHQWRGHOUHVWDXURHSUHFLVDPHQWH ‡ GHPROL]LRQHGHOOHYROWHGHOOHQDYDWDFHQWUDOH ‡ ULSULVWLQRGHOOH¿QHVWUHRULJLQDOL ‡ FKLXVXUDGHOOH¿QHVWUH³WDUGH´ ‡ LQWRQDFDWXUD GHOO¶LQWUDGRVVR GHO VRODLR GL FRSHUWXUD GHOOD FULSWDHGHLSLODVWUL ‡ SDYLPHQWD]LRQHGHOODFULSWD ,ODYRULYHQQHURFROODXGDWLLOPDJJLRSHUXQLPSRUURSDUL D FRQXQFRQWULEXWRGHO0LQLVWHURGL  )X SURSULR LQ TXHVWD IDVH FKH YHQQH UHDOL]]DWR LO “VRI¿WWR LQ DEHWH VX WUDYLFHOOL IRUPDQWL FDVVHWWRQL SRJJLDWR VXOOH FDWHQH GHOOHFDSULDWHGHOWHWWRHVXJOLDUFRQLLQPXUDWXUDWUDVYHUVDOL´ 0DQFDYDSHUzDQFRUDXQ¶XOWLPDRSHUD]LRQHSHUYHGHUHOLEHUDWR O¶LQWHUR FRPSOHVVR DUFKLWHWWRQLFR GDOOH VRSUDVWUXWWXUH OD GHPROL]LRQHGHOORFDOHVDJUHVWLDDGGRVVDWRDOO¶DEVLGHODWHUDOH VXG&RQTXHVWRLQWHUYHQWRUHDOL]]DWRVRORQHOSXzGLUVL ¿QDOPHQWHFRQFOXVDODOXQJDYLFHQGDGHLUHVWDXULGHOOD%DVLOLFD IHUPDPHQWHYROXWDGDO&KLHULFLHSURWUDWWDVLFRQDOWHUQHYLFHQGH SHUFLUFDWUHQW¶DQQL /R VWHVVR *LRYDQQRQL SURSXJQDWRUH GHOO¶DVVROXWR ULVSHWWR

39 SHU OH VWUDWL¿FD]LRQL VWRULFKH GHO PRQXPHQWR DGRWWD VSHVVR O¶LQWHUYHQWR GL OLEHUD]LRQH QHOOD &KLHVD GL 6DQW¶$QGUHD DG 2UYLHWR DG HVHPSLR FDQFHOOD L WUH WLPSDQL WULDQJRODUL JRWLFL ULIDFHQGR OD IDFFLDWD QHOOD ³PDQLHUD URPDQLFD´ H ULFRVWUXLVFH OD WRUUH FDPSDQDULD LQVHUHQGR LO WHPD GHOOD ELIRUD HVLVWHQWH QHOO¶RULJLQDULRFDPSDQLOHUHLWHUDQGRORSHUWUHRUGLQLVRYUDSSRVWL DGXQDVHULHYHUWLFDOHHVLVWHQWHHWHUPLQDQGRODFRQFRURQDPHQWR DPHUOL &RVu*LQR&KLHULFLQHOOD&KLHVDGHOO¶,QFRURQDWDD1DSROLHOLPLQD XQ ULFFR DSSDUDWR RUQDPHQWDOH VHLFHQWHVFR SHU ULSRUWDUH DOOD OXFHODFKLHVDJRWLFDHUHODWLYDPHQWHD/RPHOORVFULYH³HUD TXDQWREDVWDYD>VLULIHULVFHDJOLHOHPHQWLDUFKLWHWWRQLFLULQYHQXWL GDJOL VFDYL@ SHU WHQWDUH GL ULGRQDUH O¶HGL¿FLR QHOOD VXD IRUPD SULPLWLYD´ ,QTXHVWDDVVHU]LRQHVLSXzLQGLYLGXDUHLOFRQFHWWRLQIRUPDWRUH GHOO¶LQWHUYHQWR GL UHVWDXUR GHO &KLHULFL )RQGDPHQWDOH q O¶LQGDJLQHVWRULFDFKHGHYHEDVDUVLQRQJLjVXOOHWHVWLPRQLDQ]H VFULWWH R LFRQRJUD¿FKH PD VXOO¶DQDOLVL GLUHWWD GHOO¶HGL¿FLR GHO ³WHVWRPDWHULDOH´ ,OPHWRGR¿ORORJLFRSHU&KLHULFLKDODIXQ]LRQHGLLQGLYLGXDUH OD GDWD]LRQH GHO PRQXPHQWR OD FRQRVFHQ]D GHOO¶HGL¿FLR q HVVHQ]LDOHSHUO¶LQWHUYHQWRGLUHVWDXUR ³3HUQRLDSDUWHTXHOOLPRUWLGHOODFODVVL¿FD]LRQHGL*LRYDQQRQL L PRQXPHQWL KDQQR XQD ORUR YLWD FKH VL PDQLIHVWD QRQ WDQWR QHOOD FRQWLQXLWj GHOOD ORUR GHVWLQD]LRQH H QHOOD SRVVLELOLWj GL DGDWWDPHQWR DG XQD GHVWLQD]LRQH QXRYD TXDQWR QHO VHJQR FKHO¶DUWHGLRJQLHSRFDODVFLDVXGLHVVL4XHVWLVHJQLTXDORUD DEELDQR QRELOWj GL HVSUHVVLRQH GHEERQR HVVHUH FRQVHUYDWL´ &KLHULFL LQWHQGH ULVSHWWDUH OH DJJLXQWH ³« TXDORUD DEELDQR QRELOWj GL HVSUHVVLRQH´ SHU OXL FRPH SHU JOL DOWUL UHVWDXUDWRUL GHOO¶HSRFD O¶DQDOLVL VWRULFD OD ULFHUFD PLQX]LRVD GHOOH WUDFFH GHOO¶DQWLFD FRVWUX]LRQH QRQ WHQGRQR D ³IRWRJUDIDUH´ LO PRQXPHQWR FRVu FRPH q JLXQWR PD VHUYRQR FRPH VXSSRUWR SHUWHQWDUHLOULSULVWLQRGHOO¶LPPDJLQHRULJLQDOH/HDJJLXQWHFKH LQTXHVWRSHULRGRVWRULFRLQJHQHUHYHQJRQRVDFUL¿FDWHVRQR TXHOOHEDURFFKH&KLHULFLVWHVVRQHOUHVWDXURGHOOD%DVLOLFDGL /RPHOORFDQFHOODODGHFRUD]LRQHVHLFHQWHVFDSHUULSRUWDUHDOOD OXFHO¶DVSHWWRURPDQLFR &KLHULFLVLLQVHULVFHTXLQGLWUDJOLHVSRQHQWLGHOODWHVLVFLHQWL¿FD WHVLFKHGRYUjLQVHJXLWRFRQIURQWDUVLFRQLOUHVWDXURFULWLFR

40 %LEOLRJUD¿D

%UDQGL&Teoria del restauro, (G. (LQDXGL7RULQR

%UDQGL&Il restauro. Teoria e pratica, (G5LXQLWL5RPD

%RQHOOL59RFHRestauro, in Enciclopedia Universale dell’Arte, 9RO;, 5RPD

&DVLHOOR 6 Gino Chierici e il restauro di S. Maria Donnaregina, in ³5HVWDXUR´, QSS

&DVLHOOR 6 D FXUD GL  La cultura del restauro: teorie e fondatori, (G. 0DUVLOLR9HQH]LD

&HFFKHWWR 9 Lomello, LQ ³/RPHOOLQD URPDQLFD´, SS  (G $UNq 9LJHYDQR

&KLHULFL*Basilica di Lomello, LQ³7LFLQXP´, 9RO,9

&KLHULFL*La chiesa di Santa Maria Maggiore a Lomello, LQ³3DOODGLR´, 9RO,SS

&LFHUFKLD35estauro dei monumenti. Guida alle norme di tutela e alle procedure d’intervento, (G/LJXRUL1DSROL

'DOOD &RVWD 0 D FXUD GL  Tutela e restauro dei beni architettonici e ambientali: orientamenti e norme, 'LSDUWLPHQWRGL6FLHQ]DH7HFQLFDGHO 5HVWDXUR9HQH]LD

'HO %XIDOR $ Gustavo Giovannoni: note e osservazioni integrate dalla consultazione dell’Archivio presso il Centro di studi di storia del l’architettura, (G.DSSD5RPD

'H]]L %DUGHVFKL 0 Restauro: punto e da capo. Frammenti per una (impossibile) teoria, (G)UDQFR$QJHOL0LODQR

'L6WHIDQR5La pratica del restauro dei monumenti, LQ³5HVWDXUR´, QQ 

*DOOL / Il restauro nell’opera di Gino Chierici (1877-1961), (G )UDQFR $QJHOL0LODQR

*LRYDQQRQL*Il restauro dei monumenti, (G&UHPRQHVH5RPD

/D 5HJLQD ) Come un ferro rovente. Cultura e prassi del restauro architettonico, (G &OHDQ1DSROL

0DOWHVH&Storia dell’arte in Italia. 1785-1943, (G(LQDXGL7RULQR

41 0DUDPRWWL$/La materia del Restauro, (G)UDQFR$QJHOL0LODQR

3HURJDOOL & Monumenti e metodi di valorizzazione. Saggi, storia e caratteri delle teoriche sul restauro in Italia dal Medioevo ad oggi, (G *XHULQLH$VVRFLDWL0LODQR

3RUWHU$. Lombard Architecture,

6HJDJQL0DODFDUW$L’architettura romanica pavese, in Storia di Pavia, 9RO,,,7RPR,,,SS3DYLD

6HJDJQL0DODFDUW$9RFHLomello, in Enciclopedia dell’Arte medievale, 9RO9,,SS,VWLWXWRGHOOD(QFLFORSHGLD,WDOLDQD5RPD

7RUVHOOR 3 Restauro architettonico. Padri, teorie, immagini, (G )UDQFR $QJHOL0LODQR

42 Parte seconda: LOPHWRGR

43

Dal restauro alla conservazione del patrimonio architettonico. Teorie e prassi

Maurizio Boriani, Susanna Bortolotto - Politecnico di Milano, D.A.St.U.

³/¶XRPRSDVVDODVXDRPEUDULPDQH´ $IRULVPDFLQHVH

Fondamenti di restauro

,OWHUPLQHUHVWDXURVLqFDULFDWRQHOFRUVRGHOODVWRULDGHOOHLGHH HGHOFDQWLHUHGLVLJQL¿FDWLVSHVVRGLYHUVLHWDORUDFRQWUDGGLWWRUL XQIDWWRUHXQL¿FDQWHqFRPXQTXHULFRQRVFLELOHHGqLOIDWWRFKH WXWWLSHQVDQRDOUHVWDXURFRPHDTXHOSDUWLFRODUHWLSRGLSURJHWWR LQWHUYHQWR RSHUDWR VX GL XQD SUHHVLVWHQ]D FXL VL DWWULEXLVFH YDORUHGLWHVWLPRQLDQ]DVWRULFD GLPRQXPHQWRGLGRFXPHQWR  GLXQ¶HSRFDRUPDLWUDVFRUVD 4XDQGR VL SUHVHQWDQR DO SXEEOLFR GHL ODYRUL GL UHVWDXUR VL VHQWH VSHVVR SDUODUH GL ³ULWRUQR DOO¶DQWLFR VSOHQGRUH´, quasi FKH LO FRPSLWR GHO UHVWDXUR VLD TXHOOR GL VSRVWDUH DOO¶LQGLHWUR OHODQFHWWHGHOOD6WRULDULWRUQDQGRDGXQPLWLFRVWDWRRULJLQDULR ³FRP¶HUDGRY¶HUD´LQFXLO¶RSHUDVLWURYDYDDOPRPHQWRGHOOD VXDUHDOL]]D]LRQH &XULRVDPHQWHPHQWUHIDSDUWHGHOVHQVRFRPXQHLOIDWWRFKH SHUXQDSHUVRQDDQ]LDQDqLPSRVVLELOHWRUQDUHDJOLDQQLGHOOD VXDJLRYLQH]]DPROWLULWHQJRQRLQYHFHFKHTXHVWRVLDSRVVLELOH SHUXQHGL¿FLRRSHUXQ¶RSHUDG¶DUWH ,QUHDOWjVHDSSHQDFLVLSHQVDSLDIRQGRqIDFLOHFRPSUHQGHUH FKH DQFKH SHU L PDQXIDWWL H SHU JOL HGL¿FL TXHVWR ULWRUQR DO SDVVDWRqLPSRVVLELOHOHWUDFFHFKHLOWHPSRKDODVFLDWRVXGL HVVL VRQR LQGHOHELOL H OD ORUR ULPR]LRQH TXDQGR DQFKH IRVVH SRVVLELOH QRQ IDUHEEH DOWUR FKH VRWWUDUUH L VHJQL GHOOD YLWD YLVVXWD GDOO¶RSHUD PD QRQ SRWUHEEH FHUWR ULFRVWUXLUQH OD VXD DXWHQWLFLWjFKHqIDWWDGHOOD PDWHULDFRQFXLO¶RSHUD VWHVVDq VWDWDDVXRWHPSRHVHJXLWDHGHOOHWUDFFHFKHVXTXHVWDVWHVVD PDWHULDOHYLFHQGHGHOOD1DWXUDHGHJOLXRPLQLKDQQRODVFLDWR 8QD GHOOH DFTXLVL]LRQL GHOOD FXOWXUD FRQWHPSRUDQHD GHO UHVWDXUR qSURSULRTXHVWD³«QRQVLUHVWDXUDO¶LPPDJLQHPDODPDWHULDLO UHVWDXURqLQSULPROXRJRFRQVHUYD]LRQHGHOO¶DXWHQWLFLWjGHOO¶RSHUD´ &RPSLWR GHO UHVWDXUR QRQ q FLRq TXHOOR GL ULWRUQDUH DG XQ

45 LPSRVVLELOHSDVVDWRFRPHDYUHEEHDVVHULWR9LROOHWOH'XF  JHQQDLR    VHWWHPEUH   DWWUDYHUVR XQ ³UHVWDXUR VWLOLVWLFR´FRQXQDULSURJHWWD]LRQHGLXQSRWHQ]LDOHVWDWRXQLWDULR H FRPSOHWR DQFKH VROR SHQVDWR H PDL DWWXDWR ³UHVWDXUDUH XQ HGL¿FLR QRQ q FRQVHUYDUOR ULSDUDUOR R ULIDUOR PD VLJQL¿FD ULSRUWDUHLOPRQXPHQWRDGXQDFRQGL]LRQHSULPLJHQLDFKHSXz DQFKHQRQHVVHUHPDLHVLVWLWD´1TXDQWRSLXWWRVWRGLFRQVHQWLUH FKHO¶RSHUDSRVVDHVVHUHWUDVPHVVDDOIXWXURJDUDQWHQGRQHLO ULVSHWWRHODFXUDGHOGRFXPHQWRPDWHULDOHDQ]LFKpODSHUGLWD GHOO¶LGHQWLWjHODLUUHYHUVLELOHIDOVL¿FD]LRQH ,Q TXHVWR VHQVR RJJL QHO OLQJXDJJLR GHO UHVWDXUR VL SDUOD GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH SUDWLFDDOWHUQDWLYDYLUWXRVDGHOULVSHWWRHGHOOD FXUD GHO PRQXPHQWRGRFXPHQWR  FLz YXRO GLUH DVVLFXUDUH DWWUDYHUVRLOQRVWURLQWHUYHQWRFKHO¶RSHUDDI¿GDWDFLSRVVDHVVHUH DQFRUDGLVSRQLELOHSHULOIXWXURSHUQRLHSHUOHJHQHUD]LRQLFKH FLVHJXLUDQQRULPXRYHQGRRUDOOHQWDQGROHFDXVHGHOGHJUDGR FKHODPHWWRQRLQSHULFRORFRQVHQWHQGRQHODIUXL]LRQHHO¶XVR $TXHVWDLPSRUWDQWHDIIHUPD]LRQHVLqDUULYDWLQHOFRUVRGLFLUFD centocinquanta anni di Storia del restauro IDWWD GL ³GHQXQFH´ HGL³OH]LRQL´GLJUDQGL0DHVWULGHOSHQVLHURFLYLOHHXURSHR WUD FXL VL DQQRYHUDQR 9LFWRU +XJR -RKQ 5XVNLQ :LOOLDP 0RUULV &DPLOOR%RLWR$ORLV5LHJO*HRUJ'HKLRHGDOWUL 6WRULDTXDOH SDWULPRQLRFRPXQHULIHULPHQWRFXOWXUDOHHGHWLFRLUULQXQFLDELOH 7UDLSULPLVRVWHQLWRULHXURSHLGHOODFRQVHUYD]LRQHYDDQQRYHUDWR 9LFWRU+XJR IHEEUDLRPDJJLR  7UDLOHLO+XJRSXEEOLFDODGuerre aux demolisseursLQ FXLLGHPROLWRULQRQVRQRLULYROX]LRQDULJLDFRELQLFKHSDUWHFLSDQR DOODSUHVDGHOOD%DVWLJOLDGL3DULJLPDL³UHVWDXUDWRUL´FKHFRQ DUURJDQ]DLQWHUYHQJRQRVXLPRQXPHQWLGL)UDQFLD /¶LPSHJQRGL+XJRqYROWRDIDUVLFKHYHQJDQRSURPXOJDWHDO SLSUHVWROHOHJJLGLWXWHODSHULPRQXPHQWLPDQRQVROR³« XQDOHJJHSHUO¶DUWHXQDOHJJHSHUODQD]LRQDOLWjGHOOD)UDQFLD XQDOHJJHSHULULFRUGLXQDOHJJHSHUOHFDWWHGUDOLXQDOHJJHSHU LJUDQGLSURGRWWLGHOO¶LQWHOOLJHQ]DXPDQDXQDOHJJHSHUO¶RSHUD FROOHWWLYD GHL QRVWUL SDGUL XQD OHJJH SHU OD VWRULD XQD OHJJH SHUO¶LUUHSDUDELOHFKHYLHQHGLVWUXWWRXQDOHJJHSHUFLzFKHXQD QD]LRQHKDGLSLVDFURGRSRLOIXWXURXQDOHJJHSHULOSDVVDWR´ /D¿JXUDGL9LFWRU+XJRGLYHUUjSUHVWRHPEOHPDWLFDLQDPELWR HXURSHR QHJOL VWHVVL DQQL QHO OLEUR 1{WUH'DPH GH 3DULV  VFULYHXQDGLVVHUWD]LRQHVXOODIXQ]LRQHGHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD

1 9LROOHWOH'XF (( 9RFH Restauration del Dictionaire raisonné de l’architecture française du IX siècle au XVI siècle3DULV

46 In basso QHO 7HPSR /¶DUFKLWHWWXUD FRPH JUDQGH OLEUR GHOO¶XPDQLWj XQ ,³3DGUL´GHO5HVWDXUR ³OLEURGLSLHWUD´HSURIHWL]]DFRQXQDIUDVH XQJUDYHSHULFROR in alto da sinistra: 9LFWRU+XJR(XJqQH LQFRPEHQWH³Ceci tuera cela´RYYHURLOOLEURGLFDUWDXFFLGHUj (PPDQXHO9LROOHWOH LO OLEUR GL SLHWUD O¶DUFKLWHWWXUD /D OXFLGD SURIH]LD GL 9LFWRU 'XF-RKQ5XVNLQ +XJR VHPEUD HVVHUH VHPSUH SL LQFRPEHQWH VXO GHVWLQR in basso da sinistra: &DPLOOR%RLWR$ORLV GHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUDVWRULFDGRYHPROWHGHOOHDUFKLWHWWXUHULVFKLDQR 5LHJO0DUF%ORFN GL HVVHUH DUFKLYLDWH FRPH XQ ³SDOOLGR VLPXODFUR GL FDUWD´ *OL HIIHWWL GHOOD FDPSDJQD FRQWUR OD GLVWUX]LRQH GHL PRQXPHQWL IUDQFHVL WHQGHUj D VHQVLELOL]]DUH O¶RSLQLRQH SXEEOLFD YHUVR OD FRQVHUYD]LRQHGHOSDWULPRQLRPDWHULDOHqLQIDWWLLOGRYHUHGLXQ SRSRORWXWHODUHHVDOYDJXDUGDUHLPRQXPHQWLVWRULFL /DQXRYDFXOWXUDGHOODFRQVHUYD]LRQHPHWWHUDGLFLHGLYHQWDXQ PRYLPHQWRGLLGHHVLWUDWWDGLXQSDVVDJJLRHSRFDOH9HUVROD PHWjGHO;,;VHFRORqGLURPSHQWHLOSRWHUHGLFKLFRPH-RKQ 5XVNLQFRQOHVXHSeven lamps of architecture  VRVWLHQH FKH³«LOFRVLGGHWWR©UHVWDXURªqODSHJJLRUIRUPDGLGLVWUX]LRQH DFFRPSDJQDWDGDOODIDOVDGHVFUL]LRQHGHOODFRVDGLVWUXWWD´ 1HOO¶RSHUDGL-RKQ5XVNLQSURYRFDXQRshock alla cultura

47 A lato ,OLEULGL9LROOHWOH'XF H5XVNLQ

GHOSHUEHQLVPRGHOUHVWDXURHXURSHRHGqGDFRQVLGHUDUHXQ HOHPHQWRGLURWWXUDLQJUDGRGLVWLPRODUHODQDVFLWDGHOODSociety for the Protection of Ancient Buildings (SPAB)FKHYHGHO¶DWWLYR LPSHJQRGL:LOOLDP0RUULV PDU]RRWWREUH  3KLOLS:HEE JHQQDLRDSULOH HGHLVXRLDPLFL QHOOH LQQXPHUHYROL FDPSDJQH FRQWUR LO UHVWDXUR Anti-Scrape o Anti-Restauration Movement  H FRQWUR OD GLVWUX]LRQH GHO SDWULPRQLRDUFKLWHWWRQLFRFKHDSSDUWLHQHDOO¶XPDQLWjLQWHUD $ ¿QH 2WWRFHQWR LO GLEDWWLWR FRQWLQXD LQ ,WDOLD FRQ LO FRQWULEXWR HVVHQ]LDOHGL&DPLOOR%RLWR RWWREUHJLXJQR  FKHEHQPHWWHDIUXWWRODOH]LRQHGL5XVNLQHGL0RUULV3HU%RLWR q QHFHVVDULR ³FRQVHUYDUH QRQ UHVWDXUDUH´ FRO ULVXOWDWR GL SRUUH DOGLOjGHOODGLVFLSOLQDHSUHFLVDPHQWHQHOWHUULWRULRULFRQRVFLELOH GHO SURJHWWR GHO QXRYR RJQL  WLSR GL ³DJJLXQWD´ FKH VL UHQGHVVH QHFHVVDULD LQ XQD IDEEULFD DQWLFD ³)DU LR GHYR FRVu FKH RJQXQ GLVFHUQD  HVVHUH O¶DJJLXQWD XQ¶RSHUD PRGHUQD´ %RLWR HVSULPH FKLDUDPHQWHO¶LGHDFKHVLGHEEDWUDWWDUHHULVSHWWDUHLOPRQXPHQWR FRPHGRFXPHQWRHFKHO¶LQWHUYHQWRGLUHVWDXURVLGHEEDOLPLWDUH DG XQD FRUUHWWD RSHUD GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GHOO¶HVLVWHQWH H FKH OH DJJLXQWHGHEEDQRVHJXLUHOHUHJROHGHOSURJHWWRFRQWHPSRUDQHR &RPH SHU +XJR DQFKH %RLWR ULDIIHUPD FKH LO PRQXPHQWR q XQ OLEURXQWHVWLPRQHGLSLHWUDXQGRFXPHQWRPDQRVFULWWRHFRPH WDOHSXzDFFRJOLHUHQHOVXRSDOLQVHVWRFURQRORJLFRSDJLQHQXRYH OH DJJLXQWH GL TXDOLWj GHO SURJHWWR FRQWHPSRUDQHR DSSXQWR  VFULWWXUHGLQXRYHJHQHUD]LRQLGLDUFKLWHWWL /HULÀHVVLRQLGL&DPLOOR%RLWRVLDYYLDQRDFRVWLWXLUHLOcorpus

48 A lato 9LROOHWOH'XF Il Castello di Carcassonne: SULPDHGRSRLO 5HVWDXURVWLOLVWLFR

GHOOD SULPD &DUWD ,WDOLDQD GHO 5HVWDXUR   3DUWHQGR GDO SUHVXSSRVWR FKH ³« RFFRUUH SLXWWRVWR FRQVROLGDUH FKH UHVWDXUDUH SLXWWRVWR ULSDUDUH FKH FRQVROLGDUH SLXWWRVWR PDQWHQHUHFKHULSDUDUH´DXUHRFRQVLJOLRHDJJLXQJHFKHVH OH³DJJLXQWH´HOH³ULQQRYD]LRQL´GRYUDQQRHVVHUHIDWWHTXHVWH XOWLPHVLGRYUDQQRGLVWLQJXHUHHQRQPLPHWL]]DUVLFRQODfacies DQWLFDLQWURGXFHLOFRQFHWWRGLGLVWLQJXLELOLWjWUDYHFFKLRHQXRYR FRQWURLULSULVWLQLLQWHJUDOLLQVWLOH³%LVRJQDFKHLFRPSLPHQWLVH

49 A lato ³)RQGDFRGHL7XUFKL´ 9HQH]LD SULPDGHO 5HVWDXURGHOSURVSHWWR YHUVRLOFDQDOH

In basso ³)RQGDFRGHL 7XUFKL´ 9HQH]LD  GRSRLO5HVWDXUR O¶HGL¿FLRqVWDWR ULFRVWUXLWR DOOD¿QH GHOGLFLDQQRYHVLPR VHFROR LQXQR VWLOH³%L]DQWLQR´GD )HGHULFR%HUFKHW

VRQRLQGLVSHQVDELOLHOHDJJLXQWHVHQRQVLSRVVRQRVFDQVDUH PRVWULQR QRQ GL HVVHUH RSHUH DQWLFKH PD HVVHUH RSHUH GL RJJL´2 &RQVHUYD]LRQHQRQqSHUz³LQD]LRQH´RFFRUUHFRQWUDVWDUHOHFDXVH FKH PHWWRQR LQ SHULFROR OD VRSUDYYLYHQ]D GHO EHQH VLDQR HVVH GRYXWHDLIHQRPHQLQDWXUDOLDOO¶XVXUDDOO¶DIIDWLFDPHQWRRSSXUHDJOL XVLLPSURSULFKHVHQHSRVVRQRIDUHRFKHVLVRQRIDWWLLQSDVVDWR 8Q¶DOWUDFRQYLQ]LRQHFKHGHYHHVVHUHPHVVDLQGLVFXVVLRQH

2 %RLWR&I restauri in architettura0LODQR

50 In basso a sinistra qFKHGLXQ¶RSHUDVLDVLJQL¿FDWLYR VRORLOVXRVWDWRRULJLQDULR 5DIIDHOH6WHUQ LO PRPHQWR DSSHQD VXFFHVVLYR D TXHOOR GHOOD VXD FUHD]LRQH e il Colosseum 5RPD   $QFKH LQ TXHVWR FDVR q IDFLOH GLPRVWUDUH FKH TXHOOR q FHUWR O¶LQVHJQDPHQWRGHO XQ PRPHQWR GHFLVLYR H LPSUHVFLQGLELOH PD FKH DOWUHWWDQWR 5HVWDXUR$UFKHRORJLFR VLJQL¿FDWLYLSRVVRQRHVVHUHLPRPHQWLVXFFHVVLYLTXHOOLFLRqLQ In basso a destra FXL O¶RSHUD q VWDWD XVDWD R DGGLULWWXUD WUDVIRUPDWD FRVu FRPH Il Colosseum5DIIDHOH FLDVFXQRGLQRLqVpVWHVVRLQTXDQWRUDSSUHVHQWDWXWWDOD6WRULD Stern: non solo GHOOD VXD YLWD DOOR VWHVVR PRGR XQ RJJHWWR H LQ SDUWLFRODUH conservazione della PDWHULDPDDQFKH PRGRXQHGL¿FLR  qVpVWHVVRLQTXDQWRRSHUDRULJLQDULD PD degli eventi di instabilità DQFKH FRPH LQVLHPH GHOOH YLFHQGH H GHOOH VWUDWL¿FD]LRQL FKH FRPHVH6WHUQDYHVVH HVVRKDYLVVXWRQHOFRUVRGHOWHPSRGDOOHVXHRULJLQLVLQRDL IHUPDWRQHOWHPSRLO GLVVHVWRGHOO¶DUFR  QRVWULJLRUQL ,Q¿QHRFFRUUHRVVHUYDUHFKHRJJLVLqDFTXLVLWRXQDVHQVLELOLWj WDOHGDIDUFLDSSUH]]DUH³LOYDORUHVWRULFR´GRFXPHQWDULRGLPROWL EHQL FKH XQ WHPSR FL VHPEUDYDQR LQVLJQL¿FDQWL$G HVHPSLR VRQRHQWUDWLWUDJOLDOWULQHOQRYHURGHOSDWULPRQLRGLLQWHUHVVH FXOWXUDOHHOHJLVODWLYRO¶HGLOL]LDUXUDOHO¶DUFKHRORJLDLQGXVWULDOH LOPRGHUQRLOSDHVDJJLRDJUDULRWUDGL]LRQDOH 3RUWDQGRDJOLHVWUHPLOHFRQVHJXHQ]HGLTXDQWRVLqGHWWRVHQH SXzGHGXUUHFKHTXDOXQTXHVHJQRODVFLDWRGDJOLXRPLQLVXOOD 7HUUDqGLSHUVpLQWHUHVVDQWHLQTXDQWRSRWHQ]LDOPHQWHULFFR GL VLJQL¿FDWL FKH SRVVRQR HVVHUH ULFRQRVFLXWL DWWUDYHUVR XQD HVSHULHQ]DHVWHWLFDRVFLHQWL¿FD /D VWRULD GHO SDVVDWR KD SHUDOWUR GLPRVWUDWR FKH TXDQWR XQ WHPSR YHQLYD FRQVLGHUDWR LQ WHUPLQL QHJDWLYL RJJL q JUDQGHPHQWH DSSUH]]DWRVLULFRUGDDGHVHPSLRFKHWHUPLQL FRPH JRWLFR EDURFFR LPSUHVVLRQLVPR QHO ORUR VLJQL¿FDWR RULJLQDULR FRQQRWDYDQR PRGL GL IDUH JLXGLFDWL QHJDWLYDPHQWH Da qui la relatività del giudizio storico: “non esiste un valore artistico DVVROXWR´ PD VROWDQWR UHODWLYR GLUj $ORLV 5LHJO  JHQQDLRJLXJQR QHOOLEURIl moderno culto dei

51 In basso a sinistra monumenti, GDWDWR Capitolium7HPSLR $OO¶LQL]LR GHO QXRYR VHFROR VDUDQQR L SXQWXDOL FRQWULEXWL 5RPDQR %UHVFLD ,O WLPSDQRHOHFRORQQH WHRUHWLFLGL5LHJO LQFDULFDWRGHOO¶RUJDQL]]D]LRQHGHOVHUYL]LRGL sono state restaurate SURWH]LRQHGHLPRQXPHQWLGHOJRYHUQRDXVWULDFR DGH¿QLUHJOL  FRQ RELHWWLYLHGLOLPLWLGLXQFRUUHWWRLQWHUYHQWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH(JOL l’integrazione delle ODFXQH,O5HVWDXURq QRWDFKH O¶DSSURFFLRDOUHVWDXURqXQHWHUQRFRQÀLWWRWUDLVWDQ]H stato realizzato con FRQWUDSSRVWH &RVu VH O¶RELHWWLYR GD UDJJLXQJHUH q LO ³YDORUH PDWHULDOHGLIIHUHQWH VWRULFR´ TXHVWR ³« q WDQWR PDJJLRUH TXDQWR SL LQDOWHUDWR q PDWWRQHHFHPHQWR &DUWDGL$WHQH  O¶DVSHWWR RULJLQDULR FRPSLXWR GHO PRQXPHQWR « SHU LO YDORUH VWRULFROHDOWHUD]LRQLHLSDU]LDOLGLVIDFLPHQWLVRQRXQ¶DJJLXQWD In basso a destra VJUDGLWD H PDOH DFFHWWD´ SHUWDQWR O¶RELHWWLYR LQL]LDOH SRUWHUj Capitolium7HPSLR O¶RSHUDWRUHUHVWDXUDWRUH DG XQ ULWRUQR DOO¶XQLWDULHWj GL VWLOH GHO 5RPDQR %UHVFLD 'HO SRUWLFRSHUPDQHXQD PDQXIDWWRDUFKLWHWWRQLFR,QYHFHVHO¶RELHWWLYRGDSHUVHJXLUHq VRODFRORQQD4XHVWD LO³YDORUHG¶DQWLFKLWj´GHOPRQXPHQWRTXHVWR³«VLPDQLIHVWD qVWDWDDLXWDWDGD «LQXQDLPSHUIH]LRQHLQXQDPDQFDQ]DGLXQLWDULHWjLQXQD QXRYLSLODVWULHGDUFKL LQPDWWRQLHFHPHQWR WHQGHQ]D DO GLVIDFLPHQWR GHOOD IRUPD H GHO FRORUH” dunque il  TXLQGL YDORUHG¶DQWLFKLWjLQGLUL]]HUjO¶DUFKLWHWWRDGXQ³QRQLQWHUYHQWR´ tecnologie tradizionali ODYRUDQGR FRQWUR OD VWHVVD LVWDQ]D FRQVHUYDWLYD SHUFKp ³,O rieditate e rinnovate in IRUPHPRGHUQH FXOWRGHOYDORUHGLDQWLFKLWjFRQGDQQD«QRQVRORRJQLYLROHQWD GLVWUX]LRQH GHO PRQXPHQWR SHU PH]]R GHOOD PDQR GHOO¶XRPR « PD FRQGDQQD DQFKH DOPHQR QHO SULQFLSLR RJQL DWWLYLWj FRQVHUYDWULFHHGRJQLUHVWDXUR´ $OORUDFRPHVLULVROYHLOFRQÀLWWRWUDLGXHYDORUL"$IIHUPD5LHJO ³«LOULVSHWWRVRLQWHUYHQWRGHOO¶XRPRqSHULOFXOWRGLDQWLFKLWj XQPDOHPLQRUHULVSHWWRDOO¶LQWHUYHQWRSLYLROHQWRGHOODQDWXUD « *OL LQWHUHVVL GL DPEHGXH L YDORUL YDQQR « GL SDUL SDVVR VHEEHQHDOYDORUHGLDQWLFKLWjLPSRUWLVROWDQWRXQUDOOHQWDPHQWR

52 A lato &D¶*UDQGD0LODQR IRWRGRSRL ERPEDUGDPHQWL  

In basso 5HVWDXURGL/LOLDQD *UDVVL  ,O ³QXRYR´qJLXVWDSSRVWR DOO¶³DQWLFR´/¶LQWHUIDFFLD qULFRQRVFLELOHJUD]LH DOOR³VFXUHWWR´LQ VRWWRVTXDGURFKH SHUPHWWHODOHJJLELOLWj GHO³QXRYRVSHVVRUH´ GHOODSDUWHGLPXUDWXUD UHVWDXUDWD

PHQWUHDOYDORUHVWRULFRO¶LPSHGLPHQWRFRPSOHWRGHOSURFHVVRGL GLVVROX]LRQHSHUO¶RGLHUQDFXUDGHLPRQXPHQWLO¶HVVHQ]LDOHUHVWD «FKHXQFRQÀLWWRWUDLGXHYDORULVHPEUDPRPHQWDQHDPHQWH HYLWDWR´ 4XDOH q LO YHUR QHPLFR GHL PRQXPHQWL" 5LHJO YHGH TXDOH QHPLFR GHO EXRQ FRQVHUYDWRUH LO ³YDORUH GL QRYLWj´ FLRq LO SUHJLXGL]LR SRSRODUH VHFRQGR LO TXDOH XQ LQWHUYHQWR VX XQ FRQWHVWR GHJUDGDWR QRQ VL SRVVD FRQVLGHUDUH EHQ ULXVFLWR VH QRQVLHOLPLQDRJQLLPEDUD]]DQWHVHJQRGHOGHFDGLPHQWRGHO ³GLVIDFLPHQWR´ H GHOOD IDWLVFHQ]D QHO QRPH GHO VLVWHPDWLFR ³ULQQRYR´ R VRVWLWX]LRQH GHL FRPSRQHQWL VWUXWWXUDOL H PDWULFL YDORUH WDQWR SUHVHQWH VRSUDWWXWWR QHOOH RSHUDWLYLWj VXOO¶HGLOL]LD GLIIXVDVWRULFD 5LHJOLQ¿QHULFRQRVFHHGD¶LPSRUWDQ]DDO³YDORUHG¶XVR´TXDOH LVWDQ]DQHFHVVDULDDJDUDQWLUHODVRSUDYYLYHQ]DGHOPRQXPHQWR VWHVVRJUD]LHDGXQVXRXWLOL]]RFRPSDWLELOH/¶LQQRYD]LRQHGHO SHQVLHURGL$ORLV5LHJOVWDDQFKHQHOO¶DYHUDYYDORUDWRLOFRQFHWWR GL PRQXPHQWRGRFXPHQWR ³2JQL RSHUD XPDQD DQFKH OD SL SLFFRODqWHVWLPRQLDQ]DGLVWRULDHGLFXOWXUDHGqGRFXPHQWR GL VYLOXSSR VWRULFRFXOWXUDOH´ &RQFHWWR FKH YHUUj DPSOLDWR VXFFHVVLYDPHQWHGDOOD6FXRODGHOOH$QQDOHV École des Annales o Les Annales GL/XFLHQ)HEYUH OXJOLRVHWWHPEUH  0DUF%ORFK OXJOLRJLXJQR )HUQDQG %UDXGHO DJRVWRQRYHPEUH HFRQWLQXDWRUL (¶%ORFKQHOOLEURApologia della storia. Il mestiere dello storico

53 SXEEOLFDWRSRVWXPRQHOGD/XFLHQ)HEYUHDGDIIHUPDUH “La ULÀHVVLRQH GHJOL VWRULFL VXL FRQFHWWL GL ©GRFXPHQWRª H GL ©PRQXPHQWRªKDWHVRDGLGHQWL¿FDUHLGXHWHUPLQLULFRQRVFHQGR DGRJQLGRFXPHQWRGHOSDVVDWRGLJQLWjGLPRQXPHQWRFLRqGL RJJHWWR LQ JUDGR GL WUDVPHWWHUFL OD PHPRULD GHL IDWWL monere IDUULFRUGDUH GHOODYLWD docereLQVHJQDUH HGHOOHLGHHGHL QRVWULSUHGHFHVVRUL´,OQXRYRPHWRGRSHUXQD6WRULDLQWHJUDOH SHUXQD6WRULDDWXWWRFDPSRGXQTXHYHUUjFRQGRWWRQRQVROR VX GRFXPHQWL VFULWWL IRQWL LQGLUHWWH  TXDQGR FH QH VRQR PD DQFKHVHQ]DGRFXPHQWLVFULWWLVHQRQQHHVLVWRQR &RPH q SRVVLELOH IDUH FLz VRVWLHQH )HEYUH VH QRQ “Per PH]]RGLWXWWRTXHOORFKHO¶LQJHJQRVLWjGHOORVWRULFRJOLFRQVHQWH GL XWLOL]]DUH SHU IDEEULFDUH LO VXR PLHOH LQ PDQFDQ]D GHL ¿RUL QRUPDOPHQWH XVDWL 4XLQGL FRQ SDUROH &RQ VHJQL &RQ SDHVDJJLHFRQPDWWRQL«&RQOHULFHUFKHVXSLHWUHHVHJXLWHGD JHRORJLHFRQDQDOLVLGLVSDGHPHWDOOLFKHFRPSLXWHGDFKLPLFL ,QXQDSDURODFRQWXWWRTXHOORFKHHVVHQGRSURSULRGHOO¶XRPR GLSHQGHGDOO¶XRPRVHUYHDOO¶XRPRHVSULPHO¶XRPRVLJQL¿FDOD SUHVHQ]DO¶DWWLYLWjLJXVWLHLPRGLGHOO¶HVVHUHGHOO¶XRPR1RQ qIRUVHYHURFKHXQDSDUWHGHOQRVWURODYRURGLVWRULFLFRQVLVWH QHOORVIRU]RFRVWDQWHGLIDUSDUODUHOHFRVHPXWHGLIDUGLUHORUR TXHOFKHGDVROHQRQGLFRQRVXJOLXRPLQLHVXOOHVRFLHWjFKHOH KDQQRSURGRWWH¿QRDFRVWLWXLUHIUDGLORURTXHOODYDVWDWUDPDGL VROLGDULHWjGLDXVLOLUHFLSURFLFDSDFHGLVXSSOLUHDOO¶DVVHQ]DGHO GRFXPHQWRVFULWWR"´3 ,OFRPSLWRGHOORVWRULFRHGHOO¶RSHUDWRUHUHVWDXUDWRUHQHOODSUDVVL GHOODFRQVHUYD]LRQHYDVHPSUHSLGH¿QHQGRVLFRPHULVSHWWR GHOODPDWHULFLWjTXDOHFXOWXUDPDWHULDOHHFXUDGHLEHQLFXOWXUDOL FKH FRVWLWXLVFRQR OH WHVWLPRQLDQ]H PDWHULDOL DYHQWL YDORUH GL FLYLOWj $VRVWHJQRGHOOHEXRQHSUDWLFKHQHOOHRSHUDWLYLWjQHOFDPSRGHO UHVWDXURVLDQQRYHUDQROH³&DUWHGHO5HVWDXUR,QWHUQD]LRQDOL´ 4XLVHQHFLWDQRDOPHQRWUHOD³&DUWDGL$WHQH´  OD³&DUWD GL9HQH]LD´  HOD³&DUWDGL$PVWHUGDP´   ,O SULPR GRFXPHQWR QRWR FRPH ³&DUWD GL$WHQH´ SURGRWWR GDL SDUWHFLSDQWL DOOD &RQIHUHQ]D LQWHUQD]LRQDOH GL (VSHUWL SHU OD 3URWH]LRQHHOD&RQVHUYD]LRQHGHL0RQXPHQWLGL$UWHHGL6WRULD FRQIHUPD OD YDOLGLWj GHL GHWWDPL GHOOD SULPD ³&DUWD ,WDOLDQD GHO 5HVWDXUR´ GL &DPLOOR %RLWR GHO  H VHJQD XQD VYROWD LPSRUWDQWH LQ TXHVWR VSHFL¿FR FDPSR GLVFLSOLQDUH7DOH&DUWD

3 )HEYUH/Vers une autre histoireLQCombat pour l’histoireS(G&ROLQ 3DULV  7UDGX]LRQH GHO EUDQR LQ /H *RII - Storia e memoria S  (G (LQDXGL7RULQR

54 PHWWHDOEDQGRLULSULVWLQLOHULFRVWUX]LRQLLQVWLOHHVLVRIIHUPD D UDJLRQDUH VXOOH PDQXWHQ]LRQL H VXOOH FXUH PD DQFKH VXOOH WHFQLFKH GL FRQVROLGDPHQWR H GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH ¿VLFRFKLPLFD GHLPDWHULDOLGDHIIHWWXDUVLVRORGRSRVFUXSRORVDDQDPQHVLGHL GHJUDGLHGHLGLVVHVWL /D³&DUWDGL9HQH]LD´UHGDWWDGD5REHUWR3DQH QRYHPEUH    OXJOLR   H GD 3LHUR *D]]ROD  OXJOLR    VHWWHPEUH   LQ RFFDVLRQH GHOOD VHFRQGD PRVWUD LQWHUQD]LRQDOHGHOUHVWDXURPRQXPHQWDOHD9HQH]LDHVSRQHLQ PRGRFKLDUROHPRGDOLWjRSHUDWLYH³QRQFRUUHWWH´HSHUWDQWRGD HYLWDUVL³ LFRPSOHWDPHQWLLQVWLOHRDQDORJLFL OHUHPR]LRQL RGHPROL]LRQLFKHFDQFHOOLQRLOSDVVDJJLRGHOO¶RSHUDDWWUDYHUVR LO WHPSR   OD UHPR]LRQH ULFRVWUX]LRQH R ULFROORFDPHQWR LQ OXRJKLGLYHUVLGDTXHOOLRULJLQDUL O¶DOWHUD]LRQHGHOOHFRQGL]LRQL DFFHVVRULHRDPELHQWDOLLQFXLqDUULYDWRDQRL O¶DOWHUD]LRQH RUHPR]LRQHGHOOHSDWLQH´GDOPRQXPHQWRGRFXPHQWRVWRULFR ,O SXQWR TXDWWUR UHJLVWUD XQ XOWHULRUH SDVVR DYDQWL ULVSHWWR DJOL DPELWL GHOOD FRQVHUYD]LRQH VL SDVVD GDO 0RQXPHQWR DO VXR FRQWHVWR GDO FHQWUR VWRULFR DO SDHVDJJLR FXOWXUDOH /D FRQVHUYD]LRQH FDPELD VFDOD GLYLHQH VWUXPHQWR RSHUDWLYR LQ XQ SL JHQHUDOH SLDQR G¶LQWHUYHQWR GL WXWHOD H YDORUL]]D]LRQH DVFDODXUEDQDHWHUULWRULDOHÊQHODQQRGHOSDWULPRQLR DUFKLWHWWRQLFRHXURSHRLOUHFHSLPHQWRGDSDUWHGHOOD³&DUWDGL $PVWHUGDP´FKHODFRQVHUYD]LRQH³«GHYHHVVHUHFRQVLGHUDWD QRQFRPHSUREOHPDPDUJLQDOHPDFRPHLOSULQFLSDOHRELHWWLYR GHOODSLDQL¿FD]LRQHXUEDQDHWHUULWRULDOH´ÊLQTXHVWDVHGHFKH YLHQHFRQLDWRXQQXRYRWHUPLQH³FRQVHUYD]LRQHLQWHJUDWD´FLRq FRQVHUYD]LRQHLQWHJUDWDDOSURJHWWRGHOQXRYRHDOOHVWUDWHJLH WHFQLFKH HG HFRQRPLFKH GL JHVWLRQH GHOOD SURJUDPPD]LRQH XUEDQLVWLFDDOOHGLYHUVHVFDOH *OL XOWLPL WUHQW¶DQQL GHO GLEDWWLWR QHO PHULWR GHOOD SROHPLFD UHVWDXURFRQVHUYD]LRQH KDQQR YLVWR SUHYDOHUH XQD OLQHD GL SHQVLHURFKHSXUSDUWHQGRGDGLYHUVHVFXROHWUDORURDQFKH ORQWDQH VL q FRQVROLGDWD LQWRUQR DL WHPL GHO ULVSHWWR GHO GDWR PDWHULFRGHLPDQXIDWWLDUFKLWHWWRQLFLHGHOFRQFHWWRGLDXWHQWLFLWj LQWHJULWj GHOO¶RSHUD ,O GRFXPHQWR ,&2026 GL 1DUD   DOODUJD DGGLULWWXUD LO FRQFHWWR GL DXWHQWLFLWj FKH GLYLHQH QRQ SLVWUHWWDPHQWHFROOHJDWDDOODGLPHQVLRQH¿VLFDGHLPDQXIDWWL ,QTXHVWRGRFXPHQWRVLDIIHUPDFKHO¶DXWHQWLFLWjVWHVVDQRQq GH¿QLELOHLQPDQLHUDXQLYRFDHLQEDVHDFULWHUL¿VVLPDRFFRUUH VHPSUH WHQHUH LQ FRQVLGHUD]LRQH OH GLIIHUHQ]H HVLVWHQWL WUD OH YDULH FXOWXUH 6RWWROLQHD LQIDWWL FKH OD GLPHQVLRQH PDWHULDOH QRQ SXz FRVWLWXLUH O¶XQLFR FULWHULR GL DXWHQWLFLWj L FRVWXPL OH

55 WUDGL]LRQLLYDORULVSLULWXDOLGLFXLO¶RJJHWWRSDWULPRQLRqSRUWDWRUH VRQR DOWUHWWDQWR YDORUH PHULWHYROL GL WXWHOD 6L DYYHUWH TXLQGL DQFKHODQHFHVVLWjGLVDOYDJXDUGLD GHOSDWULPRQLRLQWDQJLELOH FKHXQDFRQIHUHQ]DGHOO¶81(6&2D3DULJLQHOKDGH¿QLWR FRPH ³6L LQWHQGRQR SHU ©SDWULPRQLR LPPDWHULDOHª SUDWLFKH UDSSUHVHQWD]LRQLHVSUHVVLRQLFRQRVFHQ]HHLVDSHULFRVuFRPH JOLVWUXPHQWLJOLRJJHWWLLPDQXIDWWLHJOLVSD]LFXOWXUDOLDVVRFLDWL DGHVVLFKHOHFRPXQLWjLJUXSSLHLQDOFXQLFDVLJOLLQGLYLGXL ULFRQRVFRQR FRPH IDFHQWL SDUWH GHO ORUR SDWULPRQLR FXOWXUDOH. 7DOHSDWULPRQLRFXOWXUDOHLQWDQJLELOHWUDVPHVVRGLJHQHUD]LRQH LQ JHQHUD]LRQH q FRVWDQWHPHQWH ULFUHDWR GDOOH FRPXQLWj H GDLJUXSSLLQWHUHVVDWLLQFRQIRUPLWjDOORURDPELHQWHDOODORUR LQWHUD]LRQHFRQODQDWXUDHDOODORURVWRULDHIRUQLVFHORURXQ VHQVRG¶LGHQWLWjHFRQWLQXLWjSURPXRYHQGRFRVuLOULVSHWWRSHU ODGLYHUVLWjFXOWXUDOHHODFUHDWLYLWjXPDQD´

8Q FRUUHWWR LQWHUYHQWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH DWWXDOPHQWH QRQ SXz WUDVFHQGHUH GD XQ LQL]LDOH DWWR FRQRVFLWLYR FKH VL HIIHWWXD DWWUDYHUVRXQDULFHUFDVWRULFDGHOOHIRQWLGLUHWWHHGLQGLUHWWHDO ¿QHGLULFRVWUXLUHFURQRORJLFDPHQWHOHIDVLGLDWWLYLWjGHOFRVWUXLWR ,OSDVVRVXFFHVVLYRqLOULOLHYRJHRPHWULFRPDWHULFRHGHOGHJUDGR GLVVHVWREDVLFDUWRJUD¿FKHIRQGDPHQWDOLSHUO¶LPSRVWD]LRQHGHO SURJHWWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHVWHVVR 6L q DWWHVWDWD DOWUHVu OD QHFHVVLWj GL SUDWLFDUH WHFQLFKH GLDJQRVWLFKHSUHYHQWLYH VHWWRUHGLULFHUFDRJJLLQHVSDQVLRQH  HGLPRQLWRUDJJLRFKHFRQVHQWDQRGLWUDPDQGDUHDOIXWXURO¶RSHUD RJJHWWRGLLQWHUYHQWRQHOODPDVVLPDDWWHQ]LRQHSRVVLELOHSHUOD VXDYHULWjVWRULFD ,O SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GRYUHEEH WHQHUH FRQWR DQFKH GHOVXRFRQWHVWRHGHOOHFRQGL]LRQLDOFRQWRUQRSHULQWHUYHQLUH VXOOH FDXVH LQWULQVHFKH R HVWULQVHFKH GL GHJUDGR VWUXWWXUDOH R PDWHULFR  /¶DQDPQHVL FRQGRWWD GRYUHEEH FRQGXUUH FRQ FRQVDSHYROH]]DDGXQFRUUHWWRSURJHWWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHFKH GDXQODWRYHGHXQLPSHJQRYROWRDOO¶HYHQWXDOHFRQVROLGDPHQWR dall’altra alla cura della facies PDWHULDOH HVLVWHQWH H DO VXR SDOLQVHVWRVWUDWL¿FDWRJUD]LHDQFKHDGXQSURJHWWRPDQXWHQWLYR SURJUDPPDWR (G LQ¿QH QHO ULVSHWWR GHO ³YDORUH G¶XVR´ VL VRVWLHQHODQHFHVVLWjFKHJOLLQWHUYHQWLGLQXRYDUHDOL]]D]LRQH VLDQRHVSUHVVLQHOOLQJXDJJLRGHOODFRQWHPSRUDQHLWjOLQJXDJJLR GHOO¶XRPR GHO YHQWXQHVLPR VHFROR FRPH XQ¶DJJLXQWD SURJHWWXDOHGLTXDOLWjSURGXFHQGRFRVuXQDXWHQWLFRSOXVYDORUH FXOWXUDOHHGHFRQRPLFR

56 Restauro, materia e tecnologie innovative

,O FRQFHWWR GL ³PRQXPHQWR´ VL q DUULFFKLWR HQRUPHPHQWH D SDUWLUHGDOOHULÀHVVLRQLVXLWHPLGHOODFXOWXUDPDWHULDOHHGHOOD ULFHUFDDQWURSRORJLFDVLQRDFRLQYROJHUHYLDYLDQXRYHWLSRORJLH GLEHQLHO¶LQWHURWHUULWRULRDELWDWRGDOO¶XRPR 4XHVWHQXRYHWHPDWLFKHLPSOLFDQRLOIDWWRFKHVLDDOODSLFFROD FKHDOODJUDQGHVFDODODTXDQWLWjG¶DWWHQ]LRQLFKHqQHFHVVDULR DYHUHQHLFRQIURQWLGLTXDQWRDEELDPRHUHGLWDWRGDOSDVVDWRVLq QRWHYROPHQWHDOODUJDWD 6SHVVRVLDFFXVDTXHVWRUDJLRQDPHQWRGLHVVHUHSURLEL]LRQLVWD VHWXWWRLOSDVVDWRqSRWHQ]LDOPHQWHLQWHUHVVDQWHHWXWWRGHYH HVVHUH FRQVHUYDWR QHVVXQ LQWHUYHQWR GL WUDVIRUPD]LRQH SXz HVVHUH DPPHVVR SHU LO VHPSOLFH IDWWR FKH FRPSRUWHUHEEH OD SHUGLWDGHOODSUHHVLVWHQ]D 6LFUHGHFKHTXHVWDRELH]LRQHQRQUHJJDSRLFKpFRQIRQGHXQ JLXGL]LR GL YDORUH FRQ XQD VFHOWD SURJHWWXDOH XQLYRFD TXHOOR FKHVLLQWHQGHGLUHTXDQGRVLSDUODGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHqLQYHFH FKHXQDWUDVIRUPD]LRQHGHOPRQGRqFRPXQTXHLQHYLWDELOHVLD FKHJOLXRPLQLDJLVFDQRLQSULPDSHUVRQDVLDFKHODVFLQRIDUH DOOD1DWXUDPDFKHTXHVWDVWHVVDWUDVIRUPD]LRQHGHYHHVVHUH JXLGDWDGDOOD³FRQVDSHYROH]]D´GLTXDOHVLDLOVHQVRGLFLzFKH DEELDPRHUHGLWDWRGDOSDVVDWRHGLTXDQWRVLYHUUHEEHDSHUGHUH QHOFDVRGLXQDVXDGLVWUX]LRQHLQFRQVDSHYROH 6L YXROH D TXHVWR SURSRVLWR IDUH DOFXQL HVHPSL SHU HVVHUH PDJJLRUPHQWH LQWHVL RJJL VL VD FKH q SRVVLELOH LQ PROWL PRGL GDWDUH O¶HSRFD GL UHDOL]]D]LRQH GL XQ PDQXIDWWR DWWUDYHUVR VSHFL¿FKH WHFQLFKH DUFKHRPHWULFKH FDUERQLR  WHUPROXPLQHVFHQ]DGHQGURFURQRORJLDHFF qQRWRDQFKHFKH L UHFHQWL SURJUHVVL GHOOD JHQHWLFD FL FRQVHQWRQR GL DFTXLVLUH LQIRUPD]LRQL VLQR D SRFR WHPSR ID LPSHQVDELOL ULVSHWWR DOOD FRPSRVL]LRQHSURYHQLHQ]D H DOOH UHOD]LRQL UHFLSURFKH WUD PDWHULDOLRUJDQLFLVLqLPSDUDWRDGXVDUHWHFQLFKHGLLQGDJLQH VWUDWLJUD¿FDQRQVRORSHULOVRWWRVXRORPDDQFKHSHUORVWXGLR GHOOHDUFKLWHWWXUH 7XWWH TXHVWH LQGDJLQL FRQVHQWRQR VSHVVR GL JLXQJHUH D FRQFOXVLRQLQXRYHVXOODGDWD]LRQHGLXQHGL¿FLRRGLDOFXQHVXH SDUWLVXOOHFRQGL]LRQLGLYLWDGHJOLXRPLQLFKHYLKDQQRDELWDWR VXOFRQWHVWRDPELHQWDOHLQFXLHVVLKDQQRYLVVXWR6LWUDWWDGL LQIRUPD]LRQLFKHDQGUHEEHURSHUGXWHVHQRQVLFRQVHUYDVVH³OD PDWHULD´LQFXLHVVHVRQRLQFRUSRUDWH $OORVWHVVRPRGROHLQGDJLQLFKLPLFKHH¿VLFKHFKHVLSRVVRQR

57 In basso RJJLPHWWHUHLQFDPSRQHOORVWXGLRGHLIHQRPHQLGLGHJUDGRH 0DSSDWXUD GHOOH ORUR FDXVH H QHOOD YDOXWD]LRQH GHOO¶HI¿FDFLD GHL SRVVLELOL dell’alterazione FURPDWLFDGHOGLSLQWR LQWHUYHQWL FRQVHUYDWLYL SHUPHWWRQR GL DIIURQWDUH L SUREOHPL PDSSDWXUDGHO GHO UHVWDXUR D SDUWLUH GD IRQGDPHQWL VFLHQWL¿FL FHUWL TXDOL OD TXDGURIHVVXUDWLYR FRQRVFHQ]D GHWWDJOLDWD GHL PDWHULDOL FRVWLWXWLYL GHJOL RJJHWWL ORFDOL]]D]LRQHGHLSXQWL GLSUHOLHYRSHULQGDJLQL DI¿GDWLFLGHLIHQRPHQLFKLPLFLH¿VLFLFXLVRQRVRWWRSRVWLGHOOH FKLPLFR¿VLFKH FRQGL]LRQL DPELHQWDOL FKH SRVVRQR LQÀXLUH VX GL HVVL 7XWWR 6FXROD0DWHUQD3DOOL FLzQRQVRORqLPSRUWDQWHSHUULFRVWUXLUQHOD6WRULDPDDQFKH 9RJKHUD SHU LQGLYLGXDUQH OH SUREOHPDWLFKH GHOOD ORUR FRQVHUYD]LRQH H JRYHUQDUQH SHU LO IXWXUR LO FRQWUROOR H OH PDQXWHQ]LRQL (¶ IDFLOH LQ TXHVWR FDVR LO SDUDOOHOR FRQ OH VFLHQ]H PHGLFKH H O¶LPSRUWDQ]D FKH SHU HVVH KD DFTXLVLWR OD GLDJQRVWLFD H OD FXUD FKH QHO QRVWUR FDVR HJXDOPHQWH DYYLHQH SURSULR

58 In basso DWWUDYHUVRODGLDJQRVLHLOSURJHWWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH 0DSSDWXUDGHOTXDGUR 9DLQ¿QHULFRUGDWRFKHXQ¶DSHUWXUDDOOHVFLHQ]HHDOOHWHFQLFKH IHVVXUDWLYROHWWXUDGHL IHQRPHQLGLGLVVHVWRH LQIRUPDWLFKH q LQ TXHVWR FDVR DVVROXWDPHQWH LQGLVSHQVDELOH GHLIXRULSLRPER GDOPRPHQWRFKHXQDDWWHQ]LRQHFRVuPLQXWDSHULSLSLFFROL 6DOD&RQVLOLDUH9RJKHUD GHWWDJOLGHOODPDWHULDFRPSRUWDQHFHVVDULDPHQWHO¶DFTXLVL]LRQH HODJHVWLRQHGLXQDLPSRQHQWHTXDQWLWjGLGDWLFKHQRQSXz HVVHUH WUDWWDWD VH QRQ FRQ O¶DXVLOLR GHOO¶LQIRUPDWLFD VL WUDWWL GL ULOLHYL SDUWLFRODUHJJLDWL GHOOR VWDWR GL IDWWR GL FRVWUX]LRQH GL PRGHOOL PDWHPDWLFL LQWHUSUHWDWLYL GHL IHQRPHQL GL GLVVHVWR LQ DWWRGLUDSSUHVHQWDUHLQPRGRHI¿FDFHUHDOHHYLUWXDOHODUHDOWj FKHVWLDPRWUDWWDQGRSHULOFRQWUROORGHOOHIDVLSURJHWWXDOLSHU ODJHVWLRQHIXWXUDGHLEHQLSHUODORURWXWHODHYDORUL]]D]LRQHD VFRSLFXOWXUDOLRWXULVWLFL

/D¿JXUDGHOUHVWDXUDWRUHQRQSXzRJJLIDUHDPHQRGHLFRQWULEXWL GLXQDYDVWDTXDQWLWjGLGLVFLSOLQHHGLWHFQLFKH,OUHVWDXUDWRUH VWHVVRQRQqSLXQVHPSOLFHULSURSRVLWRUHGLWHFQLFKHDQWLFKH VXSSRUWDWRDOPDVVLPRGDXQDEXRQDFRQRVFHQ]DGHOODVWRULD GHOO¶DUWH VL VSHUD VLDQR ¿QLWL ³L PRGL´ GHOOH ULDWWXDOL]]D]LRQL GHOOH ULSURJHWWD]LRQL LQ VWLOH GHL ULSULVWLQL GHL IDOVL PLPHWLVPL GHOOH VHPSOL¿FD]LRQL H GHJOL LQWHUYHQWL YROWL DOOD ULFHUFD GL XQD PLWLFDLQWHJULWjSHUGXWD 

59 In basso 4XHVWD GLVFLSOLQD FL GHYH IDU ULÀHWWHUH VXO UXROR GHL PHWRGL H 5DGGUL]]DPHQWR GHOOH WHFQLFKH DQDOLWLFKH VXOOD SOXUDOLWj GHJOL DSSURFFL H GHOOH IRWRJUD¿FROHWWXUD VWUDWLJUD¿FD FRPSHWHQ]HPDVRSUDWWXWWRVXJOLRELHWWLYLGHOODFRQVHUYD]LRQH VFKHPLULFRVWUXWWLYL TXDOHWHQWDWLYRGLVFRUJHUHXQDFRPSOHVVLWjXQDLQWHUUHOD]LRQH GHOO¶HYROX]LRQHVWRULFD HXQDVRYUDSSRVL]LRQHGLWHPSLGLFRVHHGL³PRGLGLYHUVL´ 3DOD]]R&RPXQDOH %HVR]]R 9D  5HVWDXUR FRPH DFFHWWD]LRQH GHOOH GLQDPLFKH HYROXWLYH GD VWXGLDUH FRQ XQD ³VWUXPHQWD]LRQH´ FKH VLD DOOD SRUWDWD GHOOD FRPSOHVVLWj FUHVFHQWH VLQR D GRYHU FRQWHPSODUH DQFKH L PDWHULDOLHOH¿QLWXUHGHO0RGHUQRGHO&RQWHPSRUDQHR (GqSURSULRODFRQWLQXDHGLQVWDQFDELOHULFHUFDGLDOWULPHWRGLGL FRQRVFHQ]DHGLYHUL¿FDODFDSDUELDYRORQWjGLFHUFDUHVHPSUH QXRYHYLHGDHVSORUDUHDWWUDYHUVRXQDGLDOHWWLFDLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDUH FKHKDQQRYROWRVHPSUHSLODFRQVHUYD]LRQHDGXQDSSURFFLR HFOHWWLFRHSOXULGLVFLSOLQDUH (¶LQGXEELRFKHVHF¶qXQDGLVFLSOLQDSROLWHFQLFDSHUHFFHOOHQ]D q SURSULR LO UHVWDXUR VRSUDWWXWWR QHOOD VXD DWWXDOH DFFH]LRQH di conservazione e valorizzazione del costruito di interesse

60 VWRULFRFLVHPEUDGLDYHUJLjPHVVRLQHYLGHQ]DLFRQWULEXWLFKH VLSRVVRQRGDUHLQTXHVWRFDPSRROWUHDOOHWUDGL]LRQDOLVFLHQ]H VWRULFKHHGHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUDDQFKHOHGLVFLSOLQH¿VLFRFKLPLFKH O¶LQIRUPDWLFDOHVFLHQ]HDPELHQWDOLODELRORJLDODJHQHWLFDHFF 'DTXHVWRSXQWRGLYLVWDVLSXzSHUzIDFLOPHQWHRVVHUYDUHFKH WXWWHTXHVWHGLVFLSOLQHJRGRQRGLXQDORURDXWRQRPLDGLXQORUR VWDWXWR VFLHQWL¿FR GL ORUR VSHFL¿FKH ORJLFKH GL VYLOXSSR GHOOD ULFHUFD 6SHVVR LO UHVWDXUR q JLXQWR DOO¶LPSLHJR GL WHFQLFKH FRQRVFLWLYHHGLLQWHUYHQWRRULJLQDWHLQDOWULFDPSLGHOODULFHUFD H FRQ ¿QDOLWj DQDORJKH PD QRQ QHFHVVDULDPHQWH LGHQWLFKH OD ULFHUFD JHRWHFQLFD OD FKLPLFD LQGXVWULDOH O¶LQGXVWULD DHURVSD]LDOH HFF VHWWRUL HYLGHQWHPHQWH SL ULFFKL QHL TXDOL O¶LQWHUHVVH HFRQRPLFR LPPHGLDWR q LQ JUDGR GL VRVWHQHUH OH LQJHQWLVSHVHGHOODVSHULPHQWD]LRQHVFLHQWL¿FDHGHOOHUHODWLYH DSSOLFD]LRQLWHFQLFKH 6L WUDWWD SHU TXHOOR FKH FL ULJXDUGD GL IDUH LQFRQWUDUH L GXH PRQGLFRVWUXHQGRXQOLQJXDJJLRFRPXQHFRQGLYLGHQGROHOLQHH GL ULFHUFD FKH VL VWDQQR SHUVHJXHQGR LQGLYLGXDQGR SRVVLELOL FROODERUD]LRQLGH¿QHQGRSURJHWWLFRPXQLIDFHQGRFRQRVFHUH DOSXEEOLFRGHLSUREDELOLIXWXULXWLOL]]DWRULLULVXOWDWLUDJJLXQWLHOH ORURSRWHQ]LDOLWj (¶ HYLGHQWH FKH VL DSURQR LQ TXHVWR FDPSR JUDQGL SRVVLELOLWj GLVYLOXSSRVLDGHOODULFHUFDFKHGHOOHVXHDSSOLFD]LRQLDFDVL FRQFUHWLGLLQWHUYHQWR

8QD SRVVLELOH ³¿OLHUD YLUWXRVD´ SRWUHEEH HVVHUH TXHOOD GL FRVWUXLUHXQVLVWHPDGLDQDOLVLHGLPRQLWRUDJJLGHOOHWHFQRORJLH VYLOXSSDWHGDOOHLPSUHVHIUXLELOLQHOFDPSRGHLEHQLFXOWXUDOL 1HO GHWWDJOLR XQ SURJHWWR ³LPSUHVH H EHQL FXOWXUDOL´ SRWUHEEH PLUDUH D FRVWUXLUH XQD PDWULFH WHFQRORJLDDSSOLFD]LRQH XQ¶ DOWUDLPSUHVHWHFQRORJLHHGLQ¿QHDQDOL]]DUHOHLPSUHVHVWHVVH SLVLJQL¿FDWLYHFRVWUXHQGRFRVuDOFXQL³VFHQDUL´GLSUHYLVLRQH WHFQRORJLFD QHL TXDOL HYLGHQ]LDUH QRQ VROR VROX]LRQL JLj HVLVWHQWLHQRQDQFRUDDSSOLFDWHDOFRQWHVWRGHLEHQLFXOWXUDOL PDDQFKHSRVVLELOLLQQRYD]LRQLWHFQLFKHQHOOHVROX]LRQLSHUDOWUR JLjDWWXDOPHQWHDGRWWDWHQHOVHWWRUHGHOUHVWDXUR ,O ³VLVWHPD GHL EHQL FXOWXUDOL´ SUHVHQWD GDO SXQWR GL YLVWD WHFQRORJLFRXQDVLWXD]LRQHVLQJRODUH'DXQODWRLQIDWWLVRQR TXDVL WUDVFXUDELOL OH LQQRYD]LRQL QDWH HVFOXVLYDPHQWH SHU DSSOLFD]LRQL LQ TXHVWR FDPSR QRQ q XQ FDVR OH GLPHQVLRQL GHO ³PHUFDWR´ GHOOH WHFQRORJLH SHU LQWHUYHQWL VXL EHQL FXOWXUDOL QRQ VRQR LQIDWWL WDOL GD JLXVWL¿FDUH FRPH JLj DFFHQQDWR JOL LQYHVWLPHQWLULFKLHVWLGDLQQRYD]LRQLGLWLSRUDGLFDOH

61 'DOO¶DOWURODWRSHUzOHSUREOHPDWLFKHGHOODWXWHODFRQVHUYD]LRQH HGHLEHQLFXOWXUDOLFRLQYROJRQRXQDPSLRVSHWWURGLGLVFLSOLQHH GLWHFQLFKHDOFXQHVSHFL¿FKHDOWUHPXWXDWHGDDOWULVHWWRULGL ULFHUFD(VVHULJXDUGDQRQRQVRORLSUREOHPLGHOODFRQRVFHQ]D VWRULFD H PDWHULDOH  GHOOD GLDJQRVWLFD GHO PRQLWRUDJJLR GHL IHQRPHQLOHWHFQLFKHGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHHUHVWDXURPDDQFKH L SL JHQHUDOL WHPL GHOO¶ DPPLQLVWUD]LRQH GHOOD WXWHOD GHOOD SLDQL¿FD]LRQH WHUULWRULDOH H SDHVLVWLFD GHOOD SURJUDPPD]LRQH HFRQRPLFDGHJOLLQWHUYHQWLGHOODGLIIXVLRQHHGLYXOJD]LRQHGHOOH FRQRVFHQ]HHGHOODYDORUL]]D]LRQH 0ROWH GL TXHVWH DUHH VRQR GL LQWHUHVVH GL DOWUL FRPSDUWL GHOO¶HFRQRPLDOHFXLGLPHQVLRQLHOHFXLSRWHQ]LDOLWjLQFHQWLYDQR PROWR VSHVVR O¶LQQRYD]LRQH WHFQRORJLFD 7DOL LQQRYD]LRQL QHO FDPSRGHLEHQLFXOWXUDOLVLFDUDWWHUL]]DQRTXLQGLSLFKHFRPH ³RULJLQDOL´FRPH³FURVVIHUWLOL]]D]LRQL´RYYHURFRPHFDSDFLWjGL WUDVIHULUH DO FRQWHVWR DSSOLFDWLYR GHL EHQL FXOWXUDOL LQQRYD]LRQL VYLOXSSDWHLQDOWULFDPSL $VRORWLWRORG¶HVHPSLRVLSRVVRQRHOHQFDUHDOFXQLGHLWHPLVX FXLqVWDWRSRVVLELOHQHJOLDQQLUHFHQWL³WUDVIHULUH´DOPRQGRGHL beni culturali innovazioni generate in altri contesti: ‡ GLDJQRVWLFDHPRQLWRUDJJLRFRQSDUWLFRODUHULIHULPHQWRDOOR VYLOXSSR GL WHFQLFKH H VWUXPHQWL GL LQGDJLQH QRQ LQYDVLYL DQFKHwirelessHODPHVVDDSXQWRGLSURWRFROOLGLGLDJQRVL PLQLPD H FRQWUROOR GL LQGLFDWRUL GHOOD SURJUHVVLRQH GHO GHJUDGR WHFQLFKH GL FDUDWWHUL]]D]LRQH GHL PDWHULDOL GL GDWD]LRQHGHLPDQXIDWWLGLPRQLWRUDJJLRGHOO¶HI¿FDFLDGHJOL LQWHUYHQWL ‡ QXRYLPDWHULDOLHWHFQRORJLHGLLQWHUYHQWRSHUODFRQVHUYD]LRQH GHL PDQXIDWWL DUFKLWHWWRQLFL GHOOH VXSHU¿FL GL SUHJLR GHOOH DUFKLWHWWXUH H GHOOH RSHUH GL LQWHUHVVH VWRULFRDUWLVWLFR VYLOXSSR GL PDWHULDOL H PHWRGL GL SXOLWXUD ELRWHFQRORJLH laser HFF  FRQVROLGDPHQWR H SURWH]LRQH GL VXSHU¿FL PDWHULDOLSROLPHULFLHQDQRWHFQRORJLH FRQVHUYD]LRQHGHL PDWHULDOLGHO³PRGHUQR´SUHGLVSRVL]LRQHGLSURWRFROOLSHUOD TXDOLWjGHOSURJHWWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH ‡ WHFQLFKH GL LQWHUYHQWR SHU LO PLJOLRUDPHQWR HG LO FRQVROLGDPHQWR VWUXWWXUDOH FRQ SDUWLFRODUH ULIHULPHQWR DJOL HGL¿FLVWRULFLLQ]RQDVLVPLFDWHQHQGRLQFRQWRGHOOHQXRYH OLQHHGLULFHUFD¿QDQ]LDWHGDOOD3URWH]LRQH&LYLOHDQFKHLQ DLXWRDOODQXRYD1RUPDWLYD ‡ WHFQRORJLHLQIRUPDWLFKHSHUODFRQRVFHQ]DHODJHVWLRQHGHOOH LQIRUPD]LRQL UHODWLYH DL EHQL FXOWXUDOL 6LVWHPL LQIRUPDWLYL WHUULWRULDOL web-GIS PDQXWHQ]LRQH SURJUDPPDWD

62 FDWDORJD]LRQHJHVWLRQHGLDUFKLYLHFF  ‡ WHFQRORJLHLQQRYDWLYH,&7SHUODSXEEOLFDDPPLQLVWUD]LRQH H OD WXWHOD GHO SDWULPRQLR GLIIXVR SDHVDJJLR FHQWUL VWRULFLVLVWHPLWHUULWRULDOLGLEHQL SUREOHPLGLJRYHUQRGHO SDWULPRQLR UDSSRUWR FRQ OD SURJUDPPD]LRQH HFRQRPLFD H OD SLDQL¿FD]LRQH WHUULWRULDOH HG XUEDQLVWLFD UHOD]LRQH FRQ OD SURWH]LRQH FLYLOH FRQ SDUWLFRODUH ULIHULPHQWR DOOD YXOQHUDELOLWjGHLFHQWULVWRULFL  ‡ FRQVHUYD]LRQHPXVHRJUD¿FDPRQLWRUDJJLRGHOOHFRQGL]LRQL DPELHQWDOL H GHOOR VWDWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GHL PDQXIDWWL VWXGLR GHL IHQRPHQL GL LQWHUD]LRQH PDQXIDWWRDPELHQWH PRGHOOL SUHYLVLRQDOL SHU OD PHVVD D SXQWR GL SURWRFROOL GL PDQXWHQ]LRQHSURJUDPPDWD ‡ DOOHVWLPHQWR GL JUDQGL PRVWUH ULVFKL FRQQHVVL DO SUHVWLWR H PRYLPHQWD]LRQH GL RSHUH GL HOHYDWR SUHJLR DUWLVWLFR LQGLYLGXD]LRQH H PRQLWRUDJJLR GL SDUDPHWUL VHQVLELOL SHU FDWHJRULH GL PDQXIDWWL PHWRGL GL PLVXUD PHVVD D SXQWR GLSURWRFROOLGLSURFHGXUDFRQWUROORHSUHYLVLRQHGHLULVFKL DUFKLYLD]LRQHGDWL /H VROX]LRQL DGRWWDWH LQ TXHVWL FRQWHVWL VRQR VWDWH VYLOXSSDWH LQVHWWRULPROWRGLYHUVLVDOXWHGLIHVDSURVSH]LRQLJHRORJLFKH DHURVSD]LDOHWHOHFRPXQLFD]LRQL /¶LQGXVWULD SURGXWWULFH GL PDWHULDOL H VHUYL]L SHU O¶HGLOL]LD KD VDSXWR HVVD VWHVVD LQ FHUWL FDVL UHDOL]]DUH LQQRYD]LRQH VRSUDWWXWWRQHOFDPSRGHLPDWHULDOLSHUODFRQVHUYD]LRQHHOD SURWH]LRQHGHLPDQXIDWWL6LWUDWWDGLVHWWRULSURGXWWLYLQHLTXDOL O¶,WDOLDqIRUWHPHQWHSUHVHQWHQHOPHUFDWRQD]LRQDOHHGHVWHUR 6RQRSHUzFDPSLGLULFHUFDSHULTXDOLVRQRSRVVLELOL HQHFHVVDUL  DQFRUDPROWLVYLOXSSL0DQFDLQSDUWLFRODUHXQFRRUGLQDPHQWR WUDLOXRJKLGHOODULFHUFDJOLHQWLGLWXWHODOHLPSUHVHLUHVSRQVDELOL GHLFDQWLHULGLUHVWDXURHGHOOHLVWLWX]LRQLPXVHDOLFKHGRYUHEEH DYHUH OR VFRSR GL PHWWHUH LQ FRPXQH HVSHULHQ]H D GH¿QLUH SURJHWWLFRQGLYLVLDSURGXUUHTXHOO¶LQQRYD]LRQHFKHQDVFHGDO FRQIURQWRWUDGLVFLSOLQHGLYHUVH 8QHIIHWWLYRUDFFRUGRHODFUHD]LRQHGLXQDUHOD]LRQHVWUXWWXUDWD WUD XQLYHUVLWj H LPSUHVH YROWH DG LQFHQWLYDUH WHFQRORJLH LQQRYDWLYH QHO FDPSR GHL EHQL FXOWXUDOL FRQ XQD FRQRVFHQ]D SL VLVWHPDWLFD GHO VHWWRUH SRWUHEEHUR FRQWULEXLUH LQ XOWLPD DQDOLVL DQFKH DOOD SUHGLVSRVL]LRQH FRQJLXQWD GL ULFKLHVWH GL ¿QDQ]LDPHQWLDSURJHWWLGLULFHUFDHGLWUDVIHULPHQWRWHFQRORJLFR /H SUDVVL RSHUDWLYH YROWH DOOD FRQVHUYD]LRQH LO ULJRUH GL XQ UHVWDXUR UHVSRQVDELOH OH GLDJQRVWLFKH QRQ GLVWUXWWLYH R PLQLPDPHQWHLQYDVLYHHGLQ¿QHOHQXRYHWHFQRORJLHLQQRYDWLYH

63 SRVVRQR XQLWDPHQWH DG XQ DVVXQWR HWLFR FKH QDVFH GDOOD UHVSRQVDELOLWj LQGLYLGXDOH H FROOHWWLYD GL FRQVHUYDUH L EHQL GHO SDVVDWRSUHVHUYDUHO¶LQWHJULWjVWRULFDHFRQVHQWLUHODGXUDWDQHO WHPSRGHOSDWULPRQLRDUFKLWHWWRQLFRHGDPELHQWDOH /D QDWXUD SDUWLFRODUH GL WDOH SDWULPRQLR PDWHULDOH LQDOLHQDELOH GHOOD FROOHWWLYLWj PRQXPHQWR HGLOL]LD GLIIXVD FHQWUR VWRULFR SDHVDJJLRFXOWXUDOH HLOVXRFDUDWWHUHLUULSHWLELOHFLGHYHSRUUH QHOOHFRQGL]LRQLGLDYHUHXQREEOLJRPRUDOHVLDQHOODVDOYDJXDUGLD GHLEHQLFXOWXUDOLFRPHULVRUVDFKHDXVSLFKLDPRSRVVDHVVHUH WUDVPHVVRLQHUHGLWjDOOHIXWXUHJHQHUD]LRQLLQWXWWDODSURSULD VLQJRODUH ULFFKH]]D WHVWLPRQLDOH VLD QHO UHQGHUH FRQVDSHYROL L SURIHVVLRQLVWL GHO VHWWRUH L FLWWDGLQL H LO PRQGR SROLWLFR GHOOD VXDJHQHVLGHOODVXD6WRULDGHOODVXDYXOQHUDELOLWjHGHOODVXD WXWHOD(¶TXHVWRXQFRPSLWRGLHFFH]LRQDOHLPSHJQRWHFQLFRH VRFLDOHXQDV¿GDFXOWXUDOHFKHSXzHVVHUHSRUWDWDDYDQWLVROR VHGLYHQWDFRQVDSHYROH]]DHD]LRQHFROOHWWLYD

Il primo paragrafo “Fondamenti di restauro” è stato scritto da Susanna Bortolotto, ricercatore di Restauro presso il Dipartimento di Architettura e Studi Urbani del Politecnico di Milano; il secondo paragrafo “Restauro, materia e tecnologie innovative” è stato redatto da Maurizio Boriani docente ordinario di Restauro presso il Dipartimento di Architettura e Studi Urbani del Politecnico di Milano.

%LEOLRJUD¿D

%RLWR & III° Congresso degli ingegneri e architetti italiani ,ƒ &DUWD GHO 5HVWDXUR,WDOLDQD 5RPD

%UDXGHO)Une leçon d’histoire, colloque de Châteauvallon(G$UWKDXG 3DULV

'HKLR * 'HQNPDOVFKXW] XQG 'HQNPDOSÀHJH LP QHXQ]HKQWHQ Jahrhundert, )HVWUHGHDQGHU.DLVHU:LOKHOPV8QLYHUVLWlW]X6WUD‰EXUJ GHQ-DQXDU ,QGHUV.XQVWKLVWRULVFKH$XIVlW]H0QFKHQ%HUOLQ

'H]]L %DUGHVFKL 0 Restauro: punto e da capo. Frammenti per una (impossibile) teoria, (G)UDQFR$QJHOL0LODQR

'YRUDN0.DWHFKLVPXVGHU'HQNPDOSÀHJH:LHQ

+XJR91RWUH'DPHGH3DULV(G6DPXHO6LOYHVWUHGH6DF\3DULV *DOOLPDUG

+XJR9Guerre aux démolisseurs!LQ2HXYUHVFRPSOqWHVGH

64 9LFWRU+XJR3KLORVRSKLH3DULV -+HW]HO$4XDQWLQ 

-RNLOHKWR- A history of architectural conservation. '3KLO7KHVLV,$$6

5LHJO$ Der moderne Denkmalkultus. Sein Wesen, seine Entstehung :LHQ/HLS]LJ

5XVNLQ-The Seven Lamps of Architecture(G3DSHUEDFN

9LROOHWOH'XF ( ( Dictionnaire raisonné de l’architecture française du XIe au XVIe siècle3DULV

Carte del Restauro Internazionali

  7KH $WKHQV &KDUWHU Charter for the Restoration of Historic Monuments. www.icomos.org/athens_charter.html

7KH9HQLFH&KDUWHUInternational Charter for the Conservation of Historic Monuments www.icomos.org/venice_charter.html

'HFODUDWLRQRI$PVWHUGDP www.icomos.org/docs/amsterdam.html

7KH1DUD'RFXPHQWRQ$XWKHQWLFLW\ www.international.icomos.org/charters/nara_e.htm

Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/convention/

65 La ricerca storica per il progetto GLFRQVHUYD]LRQHHULXVRGHJOLHGL¿FLGHOSDVVDWR

Andrea Frigo - Soprintendenza per i Beni Architettonici e Paesaggistici di Milano

³/DVWRULDVLIDFRQLGRFXPHQWLVFULWWLFHUWDPHQWH4XDQGRHVLVWRQR0D ODVLSXzIDUHODVLGHYHIDUHVHQ]DGRFXPHQWLVFULWWLVHQRQFHQHVRQR &RQWXWWRFLzFKHO¶LQJHJQRVLWjGHOORVWRULFRJOLFRQVHQWHGLXWLOL]]DUHSHU SURGXUUH LO VXR PLHOH VH JOL PDQFDQR L ¿RUL FRQVXHWL 4XLQGL FRQ GHOOH SDUROH'HLVHJQL'HLSDHVDJJLHGHOOHWHJROH&RQOHIRUPHGHOFDPSRH GHOOHHUEDFFH&RQOHHFOLVVLGLOXQDHJOLDWWDFFKLGHLFDYDOOLGDWLUR&RQOH SHUL]LHVXSLHWUHIDWWHGDLJHRORJLHFRQOHDQDOLVLGHLPHWDOOLIDWWHGDLFKLPLFL ,QVRPPDFRQWXWWRFLzFKHDSSDUWHQHQGRDOO¶XRPRGLSHQGHGDOO¶XRPR VHUYHDOO¶XRPRHVSULPHO¶XRPRGLPRVWUDODSUHVHQ]DO¶DWWLYLWjLJXVWLHL PRGLGLHVVHUHGHOO¶XRPR)RUVHFKHWXWWDXQDSDUWHHODSLDIIDVFLQDQWH GHOQRVWURODYRURGLVWRULFLQRQFRQVLVWHSURSULRQHOORVIRU]RFRQWLQXRGLIDU SDUODUHOHFRVHPXWHGLIDUGLUORURFLzFKHGDVROHQRQGLFRQRVXJOLXRPLQL VXOOHVRFLHWjFKHOHKDQQRSURGRWWHHGLFRVWLWXLUH¿QDOPHQWHTXHOODYDVWD UHWHGLVROLGDULHWj HGLDLXWR UHFLSURFR FKHVXSSOLVFH DOOD PDQFDQ]D GHO GRFXPHQWRVFULWWR"´1

/¶HGL¿FLRFRPHIRQWHFRPSOHVVDGLULFHUFDHFRQRVFHQ]D

6LqJLXQWLRUPDLGDTXDOFKHGHFHQQLRDOODFRQVDSHYROH]]D DOPHQR VXO SLDQR WHRULFR FKH JOL HGL¿FL GHO SDVVDWR VLDQR XQ ³VLVWHPD´ FRPSOHVVR H FKH SHU WDOH UDJLRQH XQ ULJRURVR SURJHWWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHHULXVRGHOFRVWUXLWRVWRULFRGLIIXVR PRQXPHQWL H QR  QRQ SRVVD HVVHUH FRQVLGHUDWR WDOH VHQ]D XQ¶DGHJXDWDIDVHSUHOLPLQDUHGLULFHUFDHFRQRVFHQ]DGHOODORUR GLPHQVLRQHVWRULFD ÊQRWRFKHLOSUREOHPDGHOODFRPSOHVVLWjHPHUVRGDOGLEDWWLWR ¿ORVR¿FRGXUDQWHLO;;VHFRORVLDVWUHWWDPHQWHFRUUHODWRDOOD QR]LRQHGLUHODWLYLWjGHOODFRQRVFHQ]DO¶XRPRFRQWHPSRUDQHR q RUPDL SHUVXDVR FKH OD FRQRVFHQ]D DEELD VXSHUDWR LO VXR FDUDWWHUH VWDWLFR H GH¿QLWLYR WLSLFR GHO SHQVLHUR SRVLWLYLVWD RWWRFHQWHVFR SHU DSULUVL D IRUPH SL GLQDPLFKH SHU OH TXDOL O¶XQLFDFHUWH]]DVLDLQVLWDQHOODFRQVDSHYROH]]DGHOODSRVVLELOLWj GLXQVDSHUHHVVHQ]LDOPHQWHUHODWLYR 6LSXzGLUHFKHODQR]LRQHGLUHODWLYLWjGHOODFRQRVFHQ]DDEELD

1 )HEYUH / Vers une autre histoire LQ Combat pour l’histoireS (G &ROLQ 3DULV7UDGX]LRQHGHOEUDQRLQ/H*RII-Storia e memoriaS(G (LQDXGL7RULQR

66 XQLIRUPDWR WXWWL L FDPSL GHO VDSHUH D WDO SXQWR GD LQQHVFDUH QHO FDPSR GHOOD ULFHUFD VWRULFD FKH LQ TXHVWD VHGH VL YXROH DQDOL]]DUH TXHOOD ³ULYROX]LRQH GRFXPHQWDULD´ FKH KD PRGL¿FDWR DPSOLDQGROR LO FRQFHWWR GL ³IRQWH´ VWRULFD /D VWRULRJUD¿D DWWXDOH FRQVLGHUD LQIDWWL FRPH ³IRQWL´ R GRFXPHQWL VWRULFLWXWWHTXHOOHWUDFFHGHOSDVVDWRXPDQHHQDWXUDOLFKHOR VWXGLRVRqLQJUDGRGLLQWHUURJDUHHLQWHUSUHWDUHFULWLFDPHQWH 4XHVWD YLVLRQH DPSOLDQGR LO FRQFHWWR GL IRQWH ROWUH O¶DPELWR WUDGL]LRQDOHGHOOHWHVWLPRQLDQ]HVFULWWH¿JXUDWLYHHFFKDUHVR LQIRUPD³GLQDPLFD´O¶LQWHUHVVHGHJOLVWRULFLSHUJOLDVSHWWLHOH GLPHQVLRQLSULPDLJQRUDWL 4XHVWDYLVLRQHGLQDPLFDGHOOHIRQWLKDWURYDWROHSURSULHRULJLQL QHOO¶DPELWRGHOODVWRULRJUD¿DIUDQFHVHGHLSULPLGHFHQQLGHO;; VHFRORLQSDUWLFRODUHLQXQDQXRYDFRQFH]LRQHGHOODVWRULDFKH YDVRWWRLOQRPHGL1RXYHOOH+LVWRLUHHODERUDWDQHJOLDQQL9HQWL 7UHQWDGD/XFLHQ)HEYUHH0DUF%ORFKIRQGDWRULQHOGHOOD rivista Les Annales d’histoire èconomique et sociale24XHVWD FRUUHQWH SXU ULFRQRVFHQGR YDOLGH OH DFTXLVL]LRQL WHFQLFKH GHO PHWRGR VWRULRJUD¿FR GL VWDPSR SRVLWLYLVWD KD DOODUJDWR LO FDPSRGHOODULFHUFDEDVDQGRVLQRQVRORVXOODGRFXPHQWD]LRQH VFULWWD GHL WHVWL PD DQFKH H VRSUDWWXWWR VX XQD PROWHSOLFLWj GLWHVWLPRQLDQ]HGLHVSUHVVLRQLGHOODFXOWXUDGLXQSRSRORFKH VXSHUDQRODGLPHQVLRQHVWHVVDGHOORVFULWWRHGHOWHVWR 3HU L VRVWHQLWRUL GHOOD QXRYD VWRULD O¶XRPR OH YLFHQGH FKH OR OHJDQRDLOXRJKLHDOOHFRVHDQ]LFKpDOOHGDWHHDJOLHYHQWLULWHQXWL FUXFLDOLSHUODVWRULDSROLWLFDHUHOLJLRVDGLYHQWDLO¿QHGHJOLVWXGL VWRULFLFKHVLDSURQRDOOHVFLHQ]HVRFLDOL6LWUDWWDGXQTXHGLXQD VWRULDFKHYXROHDIIHUPDUHODQHFHVVLWjGLXQDYLVLRQHXQLWDULD GHOO¶XRPR H GHO VXR RSHUDUH DO ¿QH GL ULFRQGXUUH OD VWRULD DG XQD³VFLHQ]DGHOSHUSHWXRFDPELDPHQWRGHOOHVRFLHWjXPDQH GHO ORUR SHUSHWXR H QHFHVVDULR DGHJXDUVL D QXRYH FRQGL]LRQL GLHVLVWHQ]DPDWHULDOHSROLWLFDPRUDOHUHOLJLRVDLQWHOOHWWXDOH´3 XQD VWRULD TXLQGL QRQ HYHQHPHQ]LDOH FKH SDUWH GDO EDVVR GDOO¶LQGLYLGXRGDOODVXDPHQWDOLWjGDLVXRLELVRJQLFKHWURYDLQ RJQLJHQHUHGLIRQWLTXHO³PLHOH´QHFHVVDULRDFRPSUHQGHUHH WUDVPHWWHUHLOVLJQL¿FDWRGHOOHYLFHQGHXPDQH ,O EUDQR GL /XFLHQ )HEYUH ULSRUWDWR LQ DSHUWXUD GL TXHVWR FRQWULEXWR q SHU O¶DUFKLWHWWR GL SDUWLFRODUH LPSRUWDQ]D QHO

2 /H*RII- DFXUDGL /DQXRYDVWRULD2ULHQWDPHQWLGHOODVWRULRJUD¿DIUDQFHVH contemporaneaSS(G$UQROGR0RQGDGRUL0LODQR 3 )HEUH / Vivre l’histoire. Propos d’initition 3DULV  FLWDWR LQ 3XJOLHVH &DUUDWHOOL * Storia LQ (QFLFORSHGLD GHO 1RYHFHQWR ,VWLWXWR GHOOD (QFLFORSHGLD ,WDOLDQD7UHFFDQL9RO9,,S5RPD

67 PRPHQWRLQFXLHJOLULYHVWHLOUXRORGLVWRULFRQHOODIDVHGHOLFDWDGL ULFHUFDHFRQRVFHQ]DSURSHGHXWLFDDOSURJHWWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH H ULXVR GHO FRVWUXLWR VWRULFR GLIIXVR 1HO FRQVLGHUDUH OD VWRULD LQ XQ¶RWWLFD QXRYD OR VWXGLRVR IUDQFHVH KD LPSRVWDWR XQD PHWRGRORJLD GL ULFHUFD H DQDOLVL FKH QRQ WUDODVFLD DOFXQD IRQWHLOGRFXPHQWRVFULWWRqFHUWDPHQWHYDOLGRVHHVLVWHPD HVVRSXzHVVHUHVRVWLWXLWRQHOFDVRPDQFDVVHGDXQDVHULH GL DOWUH IRQWL FKH WHQJRQR LQ FRQVLGHUD]LRQH ³WXWWR FLz FKH DSSDUWHQHQGR DOO¶XRPR GLSHQGH GDOO¶XRPR VHUYH DOO¶XRPR HVSULPHO¶XRPRGLPRVWUDODSUHVHQ]DO¶DWWLYLWjLJXVWLHLPRGLGL HVVHUHGHOO¶XRPR´)HEYUHFLLQWURGXFHGXQTXHQHOFRPSOHVVR PRQGRGHOODFXOWXUDPDWHULDOHIDWWRSHUORSLGLRJJHWWLHQWUR LOTXDOHFHUWDPHQWHVLSXzDQQRYHUDUHO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD&KHFRV¶q O¶DUFKLWHWWXUDVHQRQODPDVVLPDHVSUHVVLRQHGHOO¶XRPRSURSULR LQWHUPLQLGLDWWLYLWjELVRJQLJXVWLHPRGLGLHVVHUH"*OLRJJHWWL HOHDUFKLWHWWXUHVRQRFRVH³PXWH´FKHORVWRULFRGHYHVDSHU LQWHUURJDUHORVIRU]RqTXHOORGL³«IDUGLUORURFLzFKHGDVROH QRQGLFRQRVXJOLXRPLQLVXOOHVRFLHWjFKHOHKDQQRSURGRWWH´ &RPH"/RVWRULFR-HU]\7RSROVNLKDVRVWHQXWRFKHFLzGLSHQGH GDFROXLFKHVLSRQHFRPHLQWHUORFXWRUHGHOODIRQWH³2JQLJHQHUH GLIRQWL©SDUODªULVSRQGHQGRRQRQULVSRQGHQGRRULVSRQGHQGR SDU]LDOPHQWHDOOHGRPDQGHSRVWHGDOORVWRULFR(O¶HOHQFRGHOOH GRPDQGHULYROWHDOOHIRQWLEHQOXQJLGDOUDSSUHVHQWDUHXQYDORUH DVVROXWRGLSHQGHGDOOHFRQRVFHQ]HGHOORVWRULFR´4 1HOOD IDVH GL ULFHUFD VWRULFD RFFRUUH TXLQGL FKH O¶DUFKLWHWWR DEELD XQD FDSDFLWj GL YLVLRQH WUDVYHUVDOH GHOOH GLVFLSOLQH FKH JOLSHUPHWWDGLWUDUUHGDOODFRVD³PXWD´XQDVHULHGLGDWLXWLOLDOOD FRQRVFHQ]DHDOODLQWHUSUHWD]LRQHGLXQRJJHWWRO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD FKHDEELDPRGHWWRHVVHUHGLSHUVpFRPSOHVVRFLRqXQDIRQWH LQHVDXULELOHGLFRQRVFHQ]HFKHULJXDUGDQRPROWHSOLFLDVSHWWLGL FXLO¶HGL¿FLRVWHVVRQHOODVXD¿VLFLWjqHVSUHVVLRQH /HDFTXLVL]LRQLWHRULFKHGHO;;VHFROR¿QTXLHVSRVWHKDQQRULOHYDWR FRPHLOPHWRGRGHOODULFHUFDVWRULFDQRQSRVVDFKHSUHQGHUHOH PRVVHGDXQDFRQFH]LRQHSUREOHPDWLFDHLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDUHGHOOD VWRULDLQWHVDFRPHFRQRVFHQ]DFKHDPPHWWHQHOODVXDLQWHJULWj XQQXPHURLQ¿QLWRGLUHOD]LRQLFKHVLSRVVRQRLVWLWXLUHDOLYHOOR GLVFLSOLQDUH4XLHQWUDLQJLRFRLOUDSSRUWRQHFHVVDULRFKHVLGHYH LQVWDXUDUHIUDOHVLQJROHGLVFLSOLQHFKHFRQWUDGGLVWLQJXRQRODIDVH SUHOLPLQDUHGLFRPSUHQVLRQHGHOO¶HGL¿FLR2UPDLVLqFRQVDSHYROL FKHFLDVFXQDSSRUWRGLVFLSOLQDUHJLRFKLXQUXRORLPSRUWDQWHVROR VHSRVWRLQUHOD]LRQHFRQJOLDOWUL

4 7RSROVNL-1DUUDUHODVWRULD1XRYLSULQFLSLGLPHWRGRORJLDVWRULFDS(G %UXQR0RQGDGRUL0LODQR

68 /D ULFHUFD VWRULFD QRQ SXz GXQTXH VHJXLUH XQ SHUFRUVR D Vp VWDQWHPDGHYHWUDUUHGDOFRQIURQWRFRQOHDOWUHIDVLUHODWLYHDOOD FRQRVFHQ]DVXSSRUWDWHGDOOHUHODWLYHGLVFLSOLQHLOULOLHYRQHOODVXD GHFOLQD]LRQH JHRPHWULFD PDWHULFD GHO GHJUDGR VWUDWLJUD¿FD O¶DQDOLVL GHOOH VWUXWWXUH H GHL GLVVHVWL OD FDUDWWHUL]]D]LRQH GHL PDWHULDOL OH LQGDJLQL GLDJQRVWLFKH ¿QDOL]]DWH DOO¶DQDOLVL GHL PDWHULDOLHGHOGHJUDGRHFFTXDQWRQHFHVVDULRSHUULVSRQGHUH DTXHOODYRORQWjGLFRQRVFHQ]DFKHDUDJLRQYHGXWDQRQSXz PDLULWHQHUVL¿QLWDQpGH¿QLWLYDPDFRQWLQXDPHQWHGLVSRVWDDG DSHUWXUHHFRQGL]LRQDPHQWL

Le fonti e il metodo per una storia materiale del costruito storico

&RVu FRPH OD QXRYD FRQFH]LRQH GHOOD VWRULD LQWURGRWWD GD )HEYUH H %ORFK KD UDGLFL SL DQWLFKH ULVDOHQWL DO SHQVLHUR GL 9ROWDLUH&KDWHDXEULDQG*XL]RW0LFKHOHW5DQFKHODWUDGL]LRQDOH GLVWLQ]LRQHWUD³IRQWLLQGLUHWWH´H³IRQWLGLUHWWH´qXQ¶RSLQLRQHFKH VL q VYLOXSSDWD JLj QHO ;,; VHFROR FRQ OH WHRULH GL 'UR\VHQ %HUQKHLPH+DQGHOVPDQ6 ,Q XQD EUHYH GLVDPLQD GL WDOL IRQWL VL YXROH LQ TXHVWD VHGH LQGLYLGXDUHIUDOHPROWHHVLVWHQWLTXHOOHIRQWLLQGLUHWWHSLXWLOL DFRPSUHQGHUHO¶HGL¿FLRVWRULFRQHOODVXDGLPHQVLRQHGLIRQWH GLUHWWD 'DO SXQWR GL YLVWD WHUPLQRORJLFR q RUPDL QRWR FKH SHU ³IRQWL LQGLUHWWH´ GHWWH DQFKH ³VHFRQGDULH´ R ³GHULYDWH´  VL LQWHQGH TXHOOD JUDQ PROH GL GRFXPHQWD]LRQH PDQRVFULWWD D VWDPSD HLFRQRJUD¿FDFKHqGLUHWWDWHVWLPRQLDQ]DGHOODPHPRULDGHO SDVVDWR$ OLYHOOR PHWRGRORJLFR JOL VWRULRJUD¿ DQDOL]]DQR WDOH GRFXPHQWD]LRQH SRQHQGROD LQ UHOD]LRQH FRQ JOL HVLWL GL VWXGL HVLVWHQWLDO¿QHGLJLXQJHUHDWWUDYHUVRQXRYHLQWHUSUHWD]LRQL DGXQDSLHODERUDWDFRQRVFHQ]DGHOSDVVDWR/HIRQWLLQGLUHWWH DFFROJRQR GXQTXH DQFKH ³« ULFRVWUX]LRQL HODERUDWH GD XQ PHGLDWRUHDSDUWLUHGDIRQWLSULPDULHHVHFRQGDULHFRPSUHVH GXQTXHOHPRGHUQHULFRVWUX]LRQLVWRULRJUD¿FKH´7 /DULFHUFDVWRULFDDIIURQWDWDGDOO¶DUFKLWHWWRH¿QDOL]]DWDDOSURJHWWR GLFRQVHUYD]LRQHHULXVRGHOFRVWUXLWRVWRULFRGLIIXVRQRQSXz FKHWHQHUHFRQWRGLWDOHPHWRGRFKHYHGHTXLQGLO¶XWLOL]]RVLD

5 /H*RII- DFXUDGL La nuova storiaSSFLW. 6 7RSROVNL-1DUUDUHODVWRULDSFLW 7 0DQLDFL09RFHFonti storiche, in Dizionario di Storia7UHFFDQL5RPD KWWSZZZWUHFFDQLLWHQFLFORSHGLDIRQWLVWRULFKHB 'L]LRQDULRGL6WRULD 

69 GL GRFXPHQWD]LRQH RULJLQDOH LQ IRUPD YHUEDOH VFULWWD RUDOH LFRQLFDDXGLRYLVLYDHFF VLDGLPDWHULDOHELEOLRJUD¿FRGLSLR PHQRUHFHQWHHODERUD]LRQHUHODWLYRDOOHSULQFLSDOLSUREOHPDWLFKH FKHO¶HGL¿FLRVWRULFRQHOODVXDFRPSOHVVLWjHVSULPHHFKHLQ TXHVWD VHGH VL LQWHQGRQR DIIURQWDUH EUHYHPHQWH L PRGL GHO FRVWUXLUHHLPRGLGHOO¶DELWDUH 'DO SXQWR GL YLVWD GHL PDWHULDOL H GHOOH WHFQLFKH FRVWUXWWLYH LPSLHJDWLLQSDVVDWRODELEOLRJUD¿DqDVVDLDUWLFRODWDFRQVLGHUDWR FKHRUPDLGDROWUHXQWUHQWHQQLRVRQRDGLVSRVL]LRQHLQWHUHVVDQWL VWXGL HODERUDWL VRSUDWWXWWR LQ DPELWR DFFDGHPLFR QHL TXDOL O¶DQDOLVLGLWLSRVWUHWWDPHQWHDUFKHRORJLFRDSSOLFDWDDOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD KD SHUPHVVR GL FRPSUHQGHUH DOPHQR SHU VSHFL¿FKH DUHH JHRJUD¿FKH FRPH OD FRVWUX]LRQH GL XQ HGL¿FLR VLD XQ IDWWR VDOGDPHQWH OHJDWR D IDWWRUL FRQWLQJHQWL SHU L TXDOL JLRFDQR XQ UXROR LPSRUWDQWLVVLPR YDUL DVSHWWL IUD L TXDOL OH FRQGL]LRQL VRFLDOLHQWURFXLO¶DUFKLWHWWXUDqSHQVDWDHUHDOL]]DWDLUDSSRUWL GLSRWHUHVRWWHVLOHVFHOWHFKHVLFRQFUHWL]]DQRQHOO¶DPELWRGL XQDSDUWLFRODUHVLWXD]LRQHHFRQRPLFDOHFDSDFLWjWHFQRORJLFKH HFF81HOORVSRJOLRELEOLRJUD¿FRGHLWHVWLULJXDUGDQWLWDOLVWXGLq VHQ]¶DOWURIRQGDPHQWDOHULFRUUHUHROWUHDOODELEOLRJUD¿DJLjQRWD DWUDWWDWLHPDQXDOLSXEEOLFDWLVRSUDWWXWWRIUD;,;VHFRORH;; VHFROR 'D TXHVWR SXQWR GL YLVWD VRQR DOWUHWWDQWR LQWHUHVVDQWL ULPDQHQGR D TXHVWR SHULRGR L VLQJROL FRQWULEXWL DSSDUVL QHL SHULRGLFL H QHOOH ULYLVWH GL VHWWRUH FKH ROWUH D SUHVHQWDUH LO SURJHWWR GHVFULYHQGRQH FRQ DFFXUDWH]]D OH UDJLRQL QRQ PDQFDQR GL PRVWUDUH WDYROH HVSOLFDWLYH FRQ SODQLPHWULH H VH]LRQLDUFKLWHWWRQLFKHGRYHVRQRPHVVLLQHYLGHQ]DSDUWLFRODUL FRVWUXWWLYLHGHFRUDWLYL /D VWRULD GHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD YLVWD VRWWR LO SUR¿OR GL XQ VDSHUH WHFQLFRRUPDLSHUGXWRQHFHVVLWDHYLGHQWHPHQWHGHOULFRUVRDG XQ DSSURFFLR LQWHUGLVFLSOLQDUH WDOH GD SHUPHWWHUH GL FROOHJDUH OHLQIRUPD]LRQLGHULYDQWLGDOOHIRQWLVFULWWHFRQXQDVHULHGLGDWL GHVXPLELOLGDOULOLHYRJHRPHWULFRHVWUDWLJUD¿FRROWUHFKHGDOOH LQGDJLQLGLDJQRVWLFKH ,QTXHVWRDPELWRGLVWXGLqGLHVWUHPDULOHYDQ]DODSRVVLELOLWjGL FRJOLHUHTXHOOHUHOD]LRQLFKHLQWHUFRUURQRIUDODIRQWHLQGLUHWWD HODIDEEULFDQHOODVXDGLPHQVLRQH¿VLFDVSHFLHVHVLSHQVDD

8 1XPHURVL FRQWULEXWL VRQR DSSDUVL D SDUWLUH GDJOL DQQL 2WWDQWD GHO VHFROR VFRUVRLQSDUWLFRODUHDVHJXLWRGHJOLVWXGLSURPRVVLQHOO¶DPELWRGHOO¶,VWLWXWRGL6WRULD GHOOD&XOWXUD0DWHULDOH ,6&80 GHOO¶8QLYHUVLWjGHJOL6WXGLGL*HQRYD'LVHJXLWRVL ULSRUWDQRLSULQFLSDOLWHVWL0DQQRQL 7 Archeologia delle tecniche produttive (G 6DJHS *HQRYD 0DQQRQL 7 Caratteri costruttivi dell’edilizia storica (G 6DJHS *HQRYD &DJQDQD$Archeologia dei materiali da costruzione(G 6DJHS*HQRYD

70 TXDQWRVLDLPSRUWDQWHSHUXQSURJHWWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHDL¿QL DQFKHGLXQUHFXSHURGLTXHJOLDFFRUJLPHQWLWHFQLFLWUDGL]LRQDOL GHO SDVVDWR WXWWR TXDQWR VLD VWUHWWDPHQWH FRQFHUQHQWH L PDWHULDOL HGLOL LPSLHJDWL OH IRQWL GL DSSURYYLJLRQDPHQWR OH WHFQLFKHGLFRVWUX]LRQHDGRWWDWHO¶RUJDQL]]D]LRQHGHOFDQWLHUH HJOLRSHUDWRULLQHVVRLPSHJQDWL &L VL ULIHULVFH QHOOR VSHFL¿FR DOOD SRVVLELOLWj GL PHWWHUH D FRQIURQWR O¶HGL¿FLR QHOOD VXD FRQVLVWHQ]D PDWHULFD FRQ TXHOOH FDUWHFKHFRQSD]LHQ]DVLSRVVRQRULQWUDFFLDUHQHJOLDUFKLYL GDLFRQWUDWWLDLSDWWLHDOOHFRQYHQ]LRQLVWLODWHGDXQQRWDLRH VRWWRVFULWWHGDXQFRPPLWWHQWHHGDXQ³PDVWURGDPXUR´DOOH QRWH GHOOH VSHVH GL FDSRPDVWUL SHU PDWHULDOL IRUQLWL LQ FRUVR G¶RSHUD DOOH UHOD]LRQL GL FROODXGR UHGDWWH D ¿QH ODYRUL GDJOL VWHVVLSURJHWWLVWLRGDLQJHJQHULFDPHUDOLRSSXUHDQFRUDDLTXHL GLVHJQL HVSOLFDWLYL QHL TXDOL LQ SLDQWD H LQ VH]LRQH YHQJRQR UDSSUHVHQWDWHTXHOOHSRU]LRQLGLHGL¿FLGLQXRYDFRVWUX]LRQHR GDDPSOLDUH2FFRUUHFKHO¶DUFKLWHWWRXQDYROWDUDFFROWLTXHVWL GDWLOLGHEEDLQWHUSUHWDUHDOODOXFHGLXQOLQJXDJJLRVSHVVRSRFR FRPSUHQVLELOH 8Q SDVVR LPSRUWDQWH QHOOD ULFHUFD q FRVWLWXLWR DOORUDGDOFRQIURQWRFRQTXHOOHUHFHQWLSXEEOLFD]LRQLFKHQHOOD IRUPD GL UHSHUWRUL OHVVLFDOL GL OLQJXDJJL WHFQLFL VWRULFL WHQWDQR GL IDU OXFH VXL WHUPLQL XWLOL]]DWL QHO FDPSR GHOOD VWRULD GHOOH WHFQLFKHGLVFLSOLQDFKH¿QRDGRJJLSUHVHQWDQRWHYROLFDUHQ]H DOPHQRSHUFLzFKHULJXDUGDODSUDWLFDGLFDQWLHUH9 1HOVHJXLUHXQWDOHPHWRGRGLULFHUFDO¶DUFKLWHWWRVLDFFRUJHUj EHQ SUHVWR FKH OD VWRULD GL XQ HGL¿FLR WUDWWDWD VRWWR LO SUR¿OR PDWHULFRHWHFQLFRqDQFKHODVWRULDGHOVXRGHJUDGRHFKHSHU TXHVWDUDJLRQHOHIRUPHGHOGHJUDGRQRQVRQRHVWUDQHHDOOD VWRULDGHOO¶HGL¿FLR,QDOWUHSDUROHVLSRWUHEEHGLUHFKHQRQVLD SRVVLELOHSHUO¶DUFKLWHWWRFKHVWXGLDO¶HGL¿FLRDL¿QLFRQVHUYDWLYL HGLULXVRVFULYHUHXQDVWRULDGHOO¶HGL¿FLRDYXOVDGDOODVWRULDGHO VXRGHJUDGR ,O SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH H ULXVR GL XQ HGL¿FLR VWRULFR q TXLQGL IRQGDWR VXOOD FDSDFLWj GL DIIURQWDUH OD IDVH SUHOLPLQDUH GL FRQRVFHQ]D GHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD VWRULFD FRPH XQ SHUFRUVR GL ULFHUFD VWRULFD GRYH O¶DQDPQHVL anámnesis  ULFRUGR  QHOOD GRSSLDYDOHQ]D¿ORVR¿FDHVFLHQWL¿FDGLYHQWDXQDPRGDOLWjGL FRQRVFHQ]D DWWUDYHUVR O¶HVVHQ]D GHOOH FRVH H GHO WHPSR FKH HVVHKDQQRDWWUDYHUVDWR

9 6L FLWDQR D WLWROR GL HVHPSLR$UFRODR & Le ricette del restauro: malte, intonaci, stucchi dal XV al XX secolo (G 0DUVLOLR 9HQH]LD &DUSDQL ( $ ¿RU G¶DUWH ,O FDQWLHUH FUHPRQHVH SUHLQGXVWULDOH 3UDVVL H JORVVDULR (G /(' 0LODQR

71 6DSSLDPR FKH JOL HGL¿FL VWRULFL VXELVFRQR QHO WHPSR WUDVIRUPD]LRQL SHU YDUL PRWLYL OHJDWL LQ SDUWH DL IHQRPHQL QDWXUDOLLQSDUWHDTXHOOLDQWURSLFL,OYDULDUHGHLPRGLGLXVXIUXLUH GHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUDGDSDUWHGHOO¶XRPRqGDFRQVLGHUDUVLIUDJOLDOWUL LOSLVLJQL¿FDWLYRWDQWRFKHSHUFRPSUHQGHUHXQHGL¿FLRVWRULFR QHOOD VXD GLPHQVLRQH PDWHULDOH q GL SDUWLFRODUH LPSRUWDQ]D VDSHUOR ³OHJJHUH´ GDO SXQWR GL YLVWD GHOOD GLYHUVD FXOWXUD GHO YLYHUHFKHqYLDYLDPXWDWDQHOFRUVRGHOWHPSR (XJHQLR%DWWLVWLQHLSULPLDQQL2WWDQWDGHO;;VHFRORKDULWHQXWR GLGLI¿FLOHLQWHUSUHWD]LRQHWXWWDXQDVHULHGLGDWLGHVXPLELOLGD LQYHQWDUL UDSSUHVHQWD]LRQL SLWWRULFKH H VFXOWRUHH ULIHULELOL DG XQD DELWD]LRQH DQWLFD 7URSSH VHFRQGR %DWWLVWL VDUHEEHUR VWDWHOHYDULDELOLLQJLRFRQHOPRPHQWRLQFXLODFDVDVLVDUHEEH FRQVLGHUDWDFRPHXQYHURHSURSULR³LWLQHUDULR´XQVLVWHPDGL FRPSRUWDPHQWL LO OXRJR GHJOL DIIHWWL H GHL FRQÀLWWL GHOO¶DWWLYLWj SULYDWDGLXQJUXSSRVRFLDOHSLRPHQRDPSLRHJHUDUFKL]]DWR $VVDLFRPSOLFDWRVDUHEEHVWDWRGH¿QLUHVHFRQGRORVWXGLRVR LO JLXVWR UDSSRUWR LQWHUFRUVR QHL VHFROL SDVVDWL IUD XRPLQL HG HGL¿FL IUD XRPLQL H FRVH %LVRJQD GLUH FKH OH GLI¿FROWj DFFHQQDWH GD %DWWLVWL ULHPHUJRQR RJQL YROWD FKH VL DIIURQWD OR VWXGLR GL XQ HGL¿FLR VWRULFR SXU SRWHQGR FRQWDUH RUPDL VX XQDOHWWHUDWXUDDEEDVWDQ]DDPSLDFKHULJXDUGDVLDLFRVLGGHWWL PRQXPHQWLVLDLOFRVWUXLWRVWRULFRGLIIXVR &LRQRQRVWDQWH VL q RUPDL FRVFLHQWL FKH O¶LPSRUWDQ]D GL WDOL GRFXPHQWL VH LQWHUSUHWDWL DOOD OXFH GL XQR VWXGLR VHPSUH SL DSSURIRQGLWRGHOOHVFLHQ]HVRFLDOLVLDLQQHJDELOHSHUORVWXGLR GHOOD FXOWXUD PDWHULDOH LQ JHQHUDOH H SHU O¶HGL¿FLR QHOOH VXH FRPSRQHQWLOHJDWHDOOHGLYHUVHSRVVLELOLWjGLIUXL]LRQHGDSDUWH GHOO¶XRPR 'LHVWUHPRLQWHUHVVHLQTXHVWRVHQVRDSSDLRQROHGHVFUL]LRQL GHJOL HGL¿FL DOOHJDWH WDOYROWD D SODQLPHWULH GRYH L VLQJROL DPELHQWL YHQJRQR QXPHUDWL H D WDOH QXPHUD]LRQH VSHVVR FRUULVSRQGH QHOOR VFULWWR XQD VSLHJD]LRQH SUHFLVD GHOOD VWDQ]DLQWHUPLQL¿VLFL3UH]LRVLULVXOWDQRLQIDWWLLULIHULPHQWLDL PDWHULDOL H DOOH WHFQLFKH FRVWUXWWLYH LPSLHJDWH SHU OD SRVD GL SDYLPHQWL H OD UHDOL]]D]LRQH GL VRODL DL VHUUDPHQWL LQWHUQL HV HVWHUQLDJOLHOHPHQWLGLLPSLDQWR FDPLQLDFTXDLIRUQHOOLOXRJKL ³FRPRGL´ HFF/HQRWL]LHVXOOHGHVWLQD]LRQLG¶XVRGHJOLDPELHQWL UHVWLWXLWH GDJOL LQYHQWDUL VL ULYHODQR HVVHQ]LDOL QRQ VROR SHU OD FRPSUHQVLRQHGLUHWWDGHOODSODQLPHWULDPDSHUPHWWRQRULVSHWWR DOOHFDUDWWHULVWLFKHGLTXHVWDGLFRQVLGHUDUHLQGLUHWWDPHQWHWXWWD XQD VHULH GL DVSHWWL LQHUHQWL DG HVHPSLR DOOD WRSRJUD¿D GHO OXRJRDOOHSUHHVLVWHQ]HDLOLPLWLHFRQRPLFLRWHFQLFLFKHVLVRQR

72 SUHVHQWDWLGXUDQWHO¶HGL¿FD]LRQHPDDQFKHDOOHGLVWLQWHIXQ]LRQL HDOOHGLYHUVHDELWXGLQLFHODWHGLHWUR³SHUFRUVL´DSSDUHQWHPHQWH VLPLOL DJOL VSD]L PD DQFKH DJOL RJJHWWL DUUHGL VXSSHOOHWWLOL HFF FKHOLRFFXSDQRHFKHPXWDQRQHOWHPSR 6WUHWWDPHQWH OHJDWD DJOL DVSHWWL GHOOD FXOWXUD GHO YLYHUH q OD WHQGHQ]D QHJOL XOWLPL DQQL D ULFRQRVFHUH XQ LQWHUHVVH SHU TXHOOHVFHOWHFRVWUXWWLYHHGLVWULEXWLYHSHQVDWHSHUDVVLFXUDUH QHJOLHGL¿FLGHOSDVVDWRXQSLHOHYDWREHQHVVHUHWHUPLFRXQD PLJOLRUHLOOXPLQD]LRQHXQSLHOHYDWROLYHOORLJLHQLFR,QTXHVWR VHQVRODULFHUFDGRYUjHVVHUH¿QDOL]]DWDDOUHFXSHURGLVWXGLGL VWRULDGHOODWHFQRORJLDLPSLHJDWDDOODFRVWUX]LRQHGHJOLLPSLDQWL VLD DOOD VFDOD GHOO¶HGL¿FLR VLD DOOD VFDOD XUEDQD ,O WHPD q GL SDUWLFRODUHLQWHUHVVHYLVWRDOODOXFHGHOODSRVVLELOLWjGLLQWHJUDUH WDOLLPSLDQWLQHOO¶DPELWRGLXQSURJHWWRJOREDOHGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH GHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD 3XU HVVHQGR VWUHWWDPHQWH SHUWLQHQWH DOOD FRQRVFHQ]DGLUHWWDGHOO¶HGL¿FLRSXzHVVHUHDIIURQWDWRLQPRGR DSSURSULDWRULFRUUHQGRSHUHVHPSLRDOODFRQVXOWD]LRQHGLTXHL PDQXDOL SXEEOLFDWL GDOO¶LQL]LR GHO ;,; VHFROR PROWR VSHVVR FRUUHGDWL GL SDUWLFRODUL FRVWUXWWLYL H ULFFKL GL QR]LRQL VXO ORUR IXQ]LRQDPHQWR 9D GHWWR FKH DO GL Oj GHOO¶DSSOLFD]LRQH GHO PHWRGR GL ULFHUFD LQ PROWLVVLPL FDVL O¶DQDOLVL GHOOH IRQWL DUFKLYLVWLFKH GL IDWWR VRVWLWXLVFHLQJUDQSDUWHODIDVHGLDSSURIRQGLPHQWRELEOLRJUD¿FR 7URSSH LQIDWWL VRQR OH ODFXQH QHJOL VWXGL VXOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD VSHFLDOPHQWH TXHOOD OHJDWD DOO¶HGLOL]LD FRPXQH DO FRVWUXLWR GLIIXVRFKHVLGLIIHUHQ]LDSHU³DQRQLPLD´ULVSHWWRDOOHULOHYDQ]H PRQXPHQWDOL ÊLQGXEELRFKHVHGXUDQWHODULFHUFDELEOLRJUD¿FDVLSXzLQFRUUHUH LQTXDOFKHGLI¿FROWjGRYXWDVSHVVRDOO¶LQFDSDFLWjGLSUHYHGHUH GHLSHUFRUVLDOWHUQDWLYLDOSULQFLSDOHGDFXLVLVRQRSUHVHOHPRVVH ODULFHUFDGHLGRFXPHQWLQHJOLDUFKLYLQHFHVVLWDGLFRQRVFHQ]H FKHSRVVRQRGLIIHULUHGDOODIRUPD]LRQHDFFDGHPLFDHSHUVRQDOH GHOO¶DUFKLWHWWR/DULFHUFDULFKLHGHLQIDWWLQRQVRORFRQRVFHQ]H GL EDVH LQ DUFKLYLVWLFD RSSRUWXQH SHU LSRWL]]DUH SHUFRUVL GL ULFHUFDPDVRSUDWWXWWRODFDSDFLWjGLOHWWXUDHLQWHUSUHWD]LRQH GHLGRFXPHQWLVWRULFLFKHQRQVLSRVVLHGHVHQ]DXQ¶DGHJXDWD FRQRVFHQ]DGHOODSDOHRJUD¿DDFXLVLSXzJLXQJHUHVHJXHQGR FRUVLVSHFL¿FLRVRORGRSRXQDOXQJDDELWXGLQHDOODULFHUFDHDOOD OHWWXUDGHLGRFXPHQWLG¶DUFKLYLR 3XUWXWWDYLD q LQXWLOH QDVFRQGHUH FKH OD ULFHUFD GRFXPHQWDULD ¿QDOL]]DWD DO SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD VWRULFDQRQSXzFKHHVVHUHVYROWDGDOO¶DUFKLWHWWRVWHVVRFKHVL RFFXSHUjLQVHJXLWRGHOSURJHWWRHGHOULXVR'LYHUVDPHQWHGD

73 TXDQWLFUHGRQRLQXWLOHDSSOLFDUVLDTXHVWDIDVHSUHOLPLQDUHOD ULFHUFDVWRULFDQRQSXzHQRQGHYHHVVHUHGHOHJDWDDGDOFXQR SXUQHOODFRQVDSHYROH]]DGHOODQHFHVVLWjGLGRYHUULFRUUHUHDG DSSRUWL VSHFL¿FL IRUQLWL GD VWRULFL DUFKHRORJL VWRULFL GHOO¶DUWH $OO¶DUFKLWHWWRqULFKLHVWRGXQTXHGLVDSHUDIIURQWDUHTXHVWDIDVH GHOODFRQRVFHQ]DGHOO¶HGL¿FLRSRLFKpLO¿QHGHOODULFHUFDVWRULFDq VWUXPHQWDOHHVVHQGRVWUHWWDPHQWHOHJDWRDOOHVFHOWHSURJHWWXDOL GLFRQVHUYD]LRQHHULXVR 1RQqSRVVLELOHLQTXHVWDVHGHHOHQFDUHJOLDUFKLYLSXEEOLFLH SULYDWLHLIRQGLFRQWHQXWLLQHVVLQHLTXDOLULFHUFDUHPDWHULDOH GRFXPHQWDULRXWLOHSHUULFRVWUXLUHODVWRULDGLXQHGL¿FLR ,IRQGLVRQRPROWHSOLFLHLOORURVSRJOLRGLSHQGHPROWRVSHVVR GDOODVWRULDVWHVVDGHOO¶HGL¿FLRLQSDUWLFRODUHGDOODFRPPLWWHQ]D HGDOO¶XVRFKHGLHVVRqVWDWRIDWWRQHOWHPSR$WLWRORGLHVHPSLR XQRGHLIRQGLSLULFFKLGDFXLWUDUUHGDWLXWLOLVVLPLQRQVRORSHU TXHVWR WLSR GL ULFHUFD q LO ³1RWDULOH´ ,O GRFXPHQWR QRWDULOH q LQIDWWL LPSRUWDQWLVVLPR GD IRQWH SULYLOHJLDWD GHOOD VWRULRJUD¿D PHGLHYLVWLFD GD TXDOFKH GHFHQQLR q VWDWR FRQVLGHUDWR FRQ JUDQGH DWWHQ]LRQH SHU OR VWXGLR GHOOD VWRULD PRGHUQD H FRQWHPSRUDQHD GRYH q GLYHQWDWR DQFKH VXSSRUWR SULQFLSDOH GHOOHWHFQLFKHTXDQWLWDWLYLVWLFKH 7DOYROWD LO GRFXPHQWR DUFKLYLVWLFR q DFFRPSDJQDWR GD GRFXPHQWD]LRQH JUD¿FD H IRWRJUD¿FD 1RQ q UDULVVLPR LQIDWWL ULWURYDUHQHJOLDUFKLYLGLVHJQLHULOLHYLGLDUFKLWHWWXUHRSSXUHYHUL HSURSULSURJHWWLUHODWLYLDQXRYHFRVWUX]LRQLRDULXVLGLHGL¿FL HVLVWHQWL 'LVHJQL H IRWRJUD¿H VRQR SXUH FRQVHUYDWL FRPH GRFXPHQWL DXWRQRPLLQFROOH]LRQLVSHFL¿FKH

L’applicazione del metodo di ricerca storica per il progetto di conservazione e riuso del castello di Lomello

1HOO¶DPELWR GHJOL VWXGL FRQGRWWL UHFHQWHPHQWH VXO WHUULWRULR GL /RPHOORqULVXOWDWRLQWHUHVVDQWHLOSRWHUDSSURIRQGLUHODVWRULD GHO FRPSOHVVR PLOLWDUHGLIHQVLYR GHO ERUJR GL HSRFD WDUGR URPDQDLQUDSSRUWRDOTXDOHLOFDVWHOORLQHSRFDDOWRPHGLHYDOH KDUDSSUHVHQWDWRLOIXOFURGHOSRWHUHGHLFRQWL3DODWLQLVXOYDVWR WHUULWRULRORPHOOLQR 6HGDOSXQWRGLYLVWDVWRULFRDUWLVWLFRO¶LPSRUWDQ]DGL/RPHOORq UDSSUHVHQWDWDGDJOLVWXGLFRPSLXWLVXOFRPSOHVVREDVLOLFDOH¿Q GDOOD¿QHGHO;,;VHFRORJOLVFDYLDUFKHRORJLFLGHJOLDQQL2WWDQWD GHO;;VHFRORKDQQRSHUPHVVRGDXQODWRGLDYDQ]DUHLSRWHVL

74 VXLFDUDWWHULGHOO¶DQWLFRERUJRIRUWL¿FDWRGDOO¶DOWURGLDYDOODUHLQ FHUWRTXDOPRGRDOFXQHLSRWHVLUHODWLYHDOOHVIRUWXQDWHYLFHQGH FRVWUXWWLYHGHOFDVWHOORGLVWUXWWRHULFRVWUXLWRLQIDVLDOWHUQHIUD ;,,H;9VHFRORDYDQ]DWHGD0DULR=XFFKLQHOODFHOHEUHRSHUD VWRULFDVX/RPHOORHGLWDD7RULQRQHO 1HOODOXQJDHGHODERUDWDIDVHGLULFHUFDELEOLRJUD¿FDJOLVWXGL GHOOR=XFFKLFRQWHQXWLLQLomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle origini VLVRQRULYHODWLIUDSRFKLDOWULWHVWLGLVWRULD ORFDOH SXEEOLFDWL LO SULQFLSDOH ULIHULPHQWR SHU XQR VWXGLR SL DSSURIRQGLWRVXOFDVWHOORFKHVLqSRLPHJOLRGHOLQHDWRQHOODSL DUWLFRODWDHGHODERUDWDIDVHGLULFHUFDGHOOHIRQWLDUFKLYLVWLFKH $OWULWHVWLUHODWLYLDOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUDFDVWHOODQDGHOWHUULWRULRSDYHVH H PLODQHVH GHO SHULRGR YLVFRQWHRVIRU]HVFR XQLWDPHQWH D UHFHQWL VWXGL VXOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD PLOLWDUH GHOO¶,WDOLD VHWWHQWULRQDOH KDQQRFRQVHQWLWRWDOYROWDO¶LQWHUSUHWD]LRQHGLDOFXQLGRFXPHQWL G¶DUFKLYLRHVRQRVWDWLXWLOLDGLQWHJUDUHODWUDWWD]LRQH *OLHVLWLGHOODULFHUFDKDQQRSHUPHVVRGLLQGLYLGXDUHOHSULQFLSDOL IDVL FRVWUXWWLYH GHO FRPSOHVVR D SDUWLUH GDOOH RULJLQL IUD ;,,H ;9 VHFROR OH LPSRUWDQWL WUDVIRUPD]LRQL DYYHQXWH GXUDQWH LO ;9, VHFROR FKH KDQQR FRLQYROWR O¶HGL¿FLR PRGL¿FDQGR LO VXR DVSHWWR SUHWWDPHQWH GLIHQVLYR UHDOL]]DQGR LQ WDO PRGR XQD GHJQDUHVLGHQ]DQRELOLDUHSHULIHXGDWDUL&ULYHOOLLOSURJUHVVLYR DEEDQGRQRHLOOHQWRGHFOLQRVXELWRIUD;9,,H;9,,,VHFROROD ULQDVFLWD D UHVLGHQ]D ERUJKHVH GHOOD IDPLJOLD &RULQL GXUDQWH LO ;,; VHFROR LQ¿QH OD GH¿QLWLYD WUDVIRUPD]LRQH LQ HGL¿FLR FRPXQDOHQHO;;VHFROR 1HO FDVR GL /RPHOOR OD ULFHUFD GHOOH IRQWL DUFKLYLVWLFKH GRFXPHQWDULHKDUDSSUHVHQWDWRODIDVHGLPDJJLRULPSRUWDQ]D , GDWL ELEOLRJUD¿FL IRUQLWL GDOOR =XFFKL H GD DOWUL DXWRUL SXU LPSRUWDQWL QHOOD ORUR VLQJRODULWj QRQ VRQR ULVXOWDWL LQIDWWL VXI¿FLHQWLSHUFRQRVFHUHODVWRULDGHOFDVWHOORQHOODVXDLQWHJULWj YLVWDFLRqQHOODVXDGLQDPLFLWjFRPHLOULVXOWDWRGLVXFFHVVLYH IDVLFRVWUXWWLYH ÊRUPDLDFFHWWDWDO¶LGHDFKHQRQqSRVVLELOHFRQRVFHUHODVWRULD GL XQ HGL¿FLR TXDOXQTXH HVVR VLD PRQXPHQWR R QR  VHQ]D FRQRVFHUHOHYLFHQGHOHJDWHDOODFRPPLWWHQ]DHDFRORURFKH GXUDQWH L VHFROL VL VRQR DOWHUQDWL LQ TXDOLWj GL SURSULHWDUL R GL VHPSOLFLDELWDWRULHVSULPHQGRGLYHUVHPRGDOLWjGHOODFXOWXUDGHO YLYHUH 6RWWR TXHVWD OXFH O¶HGL¿FLR QRQ SXz FKH HVVHUH YLVWR FRPH O¶HVSUHVVLRQHGLXQDPHQWDOLWjHSHUTXHVWDUDJLRQHFRPHVL q JLj VRSUD DFFHQQDWR q GL HVWUHPR LQWHUHVVH FRPSUHQGHUH O¶DUFKLWHWWXUDDOODOXFHGHOOD³VWRULDGHOOHPHQWDOLWj´XQDGLVFLSOLQD

75 In basso DFFROWDWUDOHDOWUHGDLIRQGDWRULGHOOD1XRYD6WRULD Albero genealogico dei 3HUWDOHPRWLYRODULFHUFDKDVHJXLWRXQSHUFRUVRGLDFTXLVL]LRQH &ULYHOOL  WUDWWRGDO Theatrum genealogicum GLGDWLVXLSULQFLSDOLSURSULHWDULGHOFDVWHOORIUD;9,H;,;VHFROR familiarum illustrium DWWUDYHUVRLOTXDOHVLqSRWXWRRVVHUYDUHFRPHL&ULYHOOLSULPDH nobilium et civium L&RULQLSRLVLDQRVWDWLGLIDWWRLYHULSURWDJRQLVWLGHOODVWRULDGHO inclytae urbis Mediolani. $UFKLYLRGL6WDWRGL FDVWHOORSURPRWRULGHOOHSULQFLSDOLIDVLFRVWUXWWLYHHGHFRUDWLYH 0LODQR)RQGR5LYD GHOFRPSOHVVR )LQROR ,Q TXHVWR FDVR q VWDWR GL IRQGDPHQWDOH LPSRUWDQ]D O¶DYHU DQDOL]]DWR ULFRVWUXHQGROD LQ SDUWH OD JHQHDORJLD &ULYHOOL IUD &LQTXHH6HWWHFHQWRULFHUFDQGRIUDOHFDUWHGHOIRQGR&ULYHOOL *LXOLQLGHOO¶$UFKLYLRGL6WDWRGL0LODQR/¶DQDOLVLHO¶LQWHJUD]LRQH GLXQDOEHURJHQHDORJLFRHVLVWHQWHRODULFRVWUX]LRQHLQWHJUDOH GLXQDWDYRODJHQHDORJLFDPDQFDQWHVHPEUHUHEEHURGLSHUVp LQXWLOLRSRFRDSSURSULDWHVHULIHULWHDGXQDULFHUFDVWRULFDVXGL XQHGL¿FLR,QUHDOWjO¶LQGLYLGXD]LRQHGLXQVRJJHWWRHGHLJUDGL GLSDUHQWHODQHOO¶DPELWRGHOODIDPLJOLDSHUPHWWHLQIDWWLGLSRWHUOR ULFRQRVFHUHLQTXDOLWjGLSDUWHSHU HVHPSLRLQGRFXPHQWLFRPHFHUWL DWWL QRWDULOL FRPSUDYHQGLWH SDWWL GLYLVLRQL HFF  VHQ]¶DOWUR XWLOL DOOD ULFHUFD LQ TXDQWR SRWHQ]LDOPHQWH ULFFKLGLGDWLVWUHWWDPHQWHDWWLQHQWL DOO¶HGL¿FLR RJJHWWR GHO QRVWUR VWXGLR &Lz q ULVXOWDWR FHUWDPHQWH XWLOH VRSUDWWXWWR VWXGLDQGR LO SHULRGR FRPSUHVR IUD LO ;9, H LO ;9,, VHFROR TXDQGR LO FDVWHOOR q stato coinvolto da una serie di LPSRUWDQWL WUDVIRUPD]LRQL FKH QH KDQQR PRGL¿FDWR LO FDUDWWHUH GD HGL¿FLRVSHFL¿FDWDPHQWHGHVWLQDWR D IXQ]LRQL PLOLWDUL H GLIHQVLYH D UHVLGHQ]DDULVWRFUDWLFD %XRQD SDUWH GHO ;9, VHFROR q RFFXSDWDGDOOD¿JXUDGL$OHVVDQGUR &ULYHOOL GLYHQXWR FDUGLQDOH GRSR OD PRUWH GHOOD PRJOLH 0DUJKHULWD 6FDUDPSL GL RULJLQL DVWLJLDQH OD FXLIDPLJOLDIXIHXGDWDULDGL&DQHOOL $G$OHVVDQGUR&ULYHOOLSHUVRQDOLWj HPHUJHQWH QHOO¶DPELWR GHOOD QRELOWj PLODQHVH GHO &LQTXHFHQWR

76 In basso HVHFXWRUH GL LPSRUWDQWL LQFDULFKL QHJOL RUJDQL GL JRYHUQR GHO Descrizione dei beni GXFDWRPLODQHVHWDQWRGDSRWHUVLDYYDOHUHGLUDSSRUWLSHUVRQDOL SRVVHGXWLD/RPHOOR GHOO¶LPSXWDWRFRQWH FRQJOLLPSHUDWRUL&DUOR9H)LOLSSR,,VLGHYRQROHSULQFLSDOL $PDGHR&ULYHOOL   RSHUHGLDPSOLDPHQWRHGDEEHOOLPHQWRGHOFDVWHOORGLIDPLJOLD $UFKLYLRGL6WDWRGL GRFXPHQWDWH GD XQD FDUWD GHO  FRQVHUYDWD QHO IRQGR 0LODQR)RQGR$WWL GL*RYHUQR)LQDQ]D 1RWDULOH GHOO¶$UFKLYLR GL 6WDWR GL 3DYLD JLj VHJQDODWD GDOOR &RQ¿VFKH =XFFKL FKHDWWHVWDO¶DWWLYLWjGLXQFDQWLHUHDOO¶LQWHUQRGHOFDVWHOOR 'LWDOLRSHUHFLzFKHULVDOWDPDJJLRUPHQWHqO¶DPSOLDPHQWRGHO FRUSR GL IDEEULFD PHULGLRQDOH GRWDWR GL XQ DPSLR SRUWLFDWR VRUUHWWRGDFRORQQHFRQDUFKLDWXWWRVHVWRHGLXQDJDOOHULD VXSHULRUHUDJJLXQJLELOHGDXQDVFDODFRQWHQXWDLQXQPRGHVWR YDQR 6HEEHQH DGDWWDWR DG XQ FRQWHVWR JLj HVLVWHQWH GL QDWXUD RULJLQDULDPHQWH QRQ DELWDWLYD VL WUDWWD GL XQR GHL PRGL SL GLIIXVL GL RUJDQL]]D]LRQH GL XQD UHVLGHQ]D DULVWRFUDWLFD QHO GXFDWRPLODQHVH,OEORFFRUHWWDQJRODUHDGXHSLDQLHDFRUSR GRSSLRQHOTXDOHO¶XQRDFFRJOLHXQSRUWLFRFKHGjDFFHVVRDG XQR VFDORQH LO TXDOH D VXD YROWD LQWURGXFH DO SLDQR VXSHULRUH LQ XQDORJJLDRLQXQDJDOOHULDFKLXVD O¶DOWUR FKH FRQWLHQH XQ¶LQ¿ODWD SL R PHQR HVWHVD GL VWDQ]H q XQD YDULDQWHGLXQWLSRHGLOL]LRFKHJRGH IUD &LQTXHFHQWR H 6HWWHFHQWR GL XQDLQQHJDELOHIRUWXQD 4XHVWD LPSRUWDQWH PRGL¿FD GD VROD UHQGH FRQWR GHL SURIRQGL PXWDPHQWL FXOWXUDOL DYYHQXWL IUD ;9H;9,VHFROR,OQXRYRFRQFHWWR di comfort PXWXDWR LQ SDUWH GDOOD FXOWXUDIUDQFHVHIDVuFKHODQRELOWj FLWWDGLQD L &ULYHOOL HUDQR UHVLGHQWL VWDELOPHQWH D 0LODQR  DGHJXL OH WHQXWH H[WUDXUEDQH DOOD PDQLHUD GHL SDOD]]L FLWWDGLQL PRVWUDQGR DWWUDYHUVR LO QXRYR LPSLDQWR SODQLPHWULFRHO¶DSSDUDWRGHFRUDWLYR GHJOLLQWHUQLJOLRULHQWDPHQWLGLXQD QXRYDFXOWXUDGHOYLYHUH /D JDOOHULD GHO SLDQR QRELOH FKH LQVHULWD LQ XQ ULJLGR SLDQR FRPSRVLWLYRFRVWLWXLWRGDVWDQ]Hen HQ¿ODGHPRGL¿FDSURIRQGDPHQWHL

77 In basso SHUFRUVLGHOO¶DELWD]LRQHGLYHQWDO¶HOHPHQWRYHUDPHQWHPRGHUQR ,QYHQWDULRGHJOLHIIHWWL FKH VWUXWWXUD QXRYL FRGLFL GL FRPSRUWDPHQWR 'DOOH GHVFUL]LRQL PRELOLGHOGHIXQWR DYYRFDWR0LFKHOH&RULQL GHOFRPSOHVVRWUDWWHGDGRFXPHQWLGHOODPHWjGHO;9,,VHFROR   FRQVHUYDWL QHO IRQGR ³)HXGL &DPHUDOL” GHOO¶DUFKLYLR GL VWDWR $UFKLYLR1RWDULOHGL PLODQHVHqHYLGHQWHFRPHHVVRSXUPDQWHQHQGRDOFXQLHOHPHQWL &DVDOH0RQIHUUDWR )RQGR$WWLGHL1RWDL FKH QH FRQQRWDQR O¶RULJLQH PHGLHYDOH H LO FDUDWWHUH GLIHQVLYR OD WRUUH LO SRQWH OHYDWRLR LO IRVVDWR HFF VL VLD WUDPXWDWRLQ ³YLOOD´IXOFURGLXQDVRUWDGLD]LHQGDDJULFRODGRWDWDGLXQDFRUWH UXUDOHFRQDPELHQWLGLGHSRVLWRFDVHSHUPDVVDULHEUDFFLDQWL VWDOOHRUWDJOLHFRPHSHUDOWURHYLGHQ]LDWRGDOOHPDSSHFDWDVWDOL VHWWHFHQWHVFKHUHSHULWHSUHVVRO¶$UFKLYLRGL6WDWRGL7RULQR *OL LQYHQWDUL VHLFHQWHVFKL ULWURYDWL LQ DUFKLYLR SXU IRUQHQGR XQ TXDGUR FHUWDPHQWH QRQ FRPSOHWR XWLOH D LGHQWL¿FDUH WXWWL JOL DPELHQWL GHO FDVWHOOR SHUPHWWRQR FRPXQTXH GL VHJXLUH XQ ³SHUFRUVR´GHQWURO¶HGL¿FLRFKHFKLDULVFHLOUDSSRUWRHVLVWHQWHIUDOH VLQJROHVWDQ]H1RQVHPEUDQRWDUVLDOO¶LQWHUQRGHOFDVWHOORTXHOOD JHUDUFKLDGHJOLVSD]LWLSLFDGHOO¶DELWD]LRQHDULVWRFUDWLFDFKHYHGH QHOODIRUPDWLSLFDGHOO¶DSSDUWDPHQWR una sequenza di stanze connesse e ULVHUYDWHDXQDVLQJRODSHUVRQD $ /RPHOOR OD SODQLPHWULD ULVHQWH GHOOD SUHHVLVWHQ]D GL VWUXWWXUH FKH VHSSXU PRGL¿FDWH WURYDQR OLPLWL QHOODSRVVLELOLWjGLDUWLFRODUVLLQIRUPH DGDWWHDOODQXRYDFXOWXUDGHOYLYHUH Ciononostante sono intuibili sia la VHTXHQ]DUHJRODUHGLVDOHHFDPHUH SUHVHQWL VLD D SLDQR WHUUD FKH DO SLDQR VXSHULRUH TXDVL D FUHDUH VXL GXH OLYHOOL XQD VHSDUD]LRQH LQ VSD]LDELWDWLYLGLVWLQWLVLDODFRUUHWWD VXFFHVVLRQH GL SRUWLFR VFDORQH JDOOHULD FKH YXROH RIIULUH DOO¶RVSLWH LQ XQ SHUFRUVR GL DVFHVD DO SLDQR QRELOH O¶LPPDJLQH FKH XQ¶LQWHUD FLYLOWj XUEDQD YROHYD GDUH GL Vp H FKHVLHVSULPHYDLQSDUWLFRODUHQHL ULWUDWWL GHJOL DQWHQDWL H QHJOL VWHPPL HVLELWLVXOOHSDUHWLGHOODJDOOHULD )UD ;,; H ;; VHFROR OD UHVLGHQ]D GHL &ULYHOOL KD VXELWR VLJQL¿FDWLYH PRGL¿FKHTXDQGRO¶DELWD]LRQHSDVVz GDSSULPDDL&RULQLSRLDWWUDYHUVRXQ

78 FDPELRG¶XVRGLYHQQHVHGHGHOO¶,VWLWXWR*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQR H GHO &RPXQH GL /RPHOOR$ TXHVWR SHULRGR VXI¿FLHQWHPHQWH GRFXPHQWDWRGDFDUWHHGLVHJQLFKHLOOXVWUDQRLQWHUYHQWLSXQWXDOL ULVDOLUHEEHURDOFXQHULSDUWL]LRQLGHJOLLQWHUQLQXRYDPHQWHGHFRUDWL legate al nuovo concetto di comfort GLVWDPSRERUJKHVHROWUHFKH O¶DPSOLDPHQWRFRQQXRYLFRUSLGLIDEEULFDSHUWLQHQWLLQSDUWHDOOD FRUWHUXUDOH

%LEOLRJUD¿D

$UFRODR&Le ricette del restauro: malte, intonaci, stucchi dal XV al XX secolo(G0DUVLOLR9HQH]LD

%DWWLVWL(Sulle soglie della casa rinascimentaleLQ0LQLVWHURSHUL%HQL &XOWXUDOLH$PELHQWDOLLa famiglia e la vita quotidiana in Europa dal ’400 al ’600. Fonti e problemi$WWL GHO &RQYHJQR ,QWHUQD]LRQDOH 0LODQR  GLFHPEUH(G,VWLWXWR3ROLJUD¿FRH=HFFDGHOOR6WDWR5RPD

%URJLROR*3Archeologia dell’edilizia storica(G1HZ3UHVV&RPR

&DJQDQD$Archeologia dei materiali da costruzione(G6DJHS*HQRYD 

&DUSDQL($¿RUG¶DUWH,OFDQWLHUHFUHPRQHVHSUHLQGXVWULDOH3UDVVLH glossario(G/('0LODQR

/H*RII-Storia e memoria(G(LQDXGL7RULQR

/H *RII - D FXUD GL  /D QXRYD VWRULD 2ULHQWDPHQWL GHOOD VWRULRJUD¿D francese contemporanea(G$UQROGR0RQGDGRUL0LODQR

0DQLDFL09RFHFonti storicheLQDizionario di Storia7UHFFDQL5RPD 

0DQQRQL7 Archeologia delle tecniche produttive (G 6DJHS *HQRYD 

0DQQRQL7Caratteri costruttivi dell’edilizia storica(G6DJHS*HQRYD 

0HQLFDOL8I materiali dell’edilizia storica(G/D1XRYD,WDOLD6FLHQWL¿FD 5RPD

3XJOLHVH&DUUDWHOOL*StoriaLQ³(QFLFORSHGLDGHO1RYHFHQWR´(G,VWLWXWR GHOOD(QFLFORSHGLD,WDOLDQD7UHFFDQL5RPD

7RSROVNL- 1DUUDUH OD VWRULD 1XRYL SULQFLSL GL PHWRGRORJLD VWRULFD (G %UXQR0RQGDGRUL0LODQR

79 La rilevazione geometrica SHUODFRQRVFHQ]DGHOO¶HGL¿FLR

Elisabetta Ciocchini, Fabio Zangheri - Politecnico di Milano, ABC

Premessa

,OULOLHYRGHOOHJHRPHWULHLQVLHPHDGDOWUHWHFQLFKHG¶LQGDJLQH FRVWLWXLVFH XQD GHOOH EDVL IRQGDPHQWDOL SHU GDUH LQL]LR DOOD FDPSDJQDGLFRQRVFHQ]DGLXQRUJDQLVPRDUFKLWHWWRQLFRÊLO SULPR PRPHQWR GL FRQIURQWR GLUHWWR FRQ O¶HGL¿FLR H SHUPHWWH DWWUDYHUVR WHFQLFKH ULJRURVH GL LQGDJDUQH OD PRUIRORJLD H OH GLPHQVLRQL4XHVWLGXHDVSHWWLUDSSUHVHQWDQRTXLQGLO¶RELHWWLYR FKH XQ¶LQGDJLQH GL ULOLHYR GHOOH JHRPHWULH VL GHYH SRUUH H LQ ULIHULPHQWR D TXHVWL GXH RELHWWLYL q QHFHVVDULR SURJHWWDUH SULPDHPHWWHUHLQDWWRSRLXQDVHULHGLstep attraverso cui UDFFRJOLHUHHULHODERUDUHOHLQIRUPD]LRQLULFHUFDWH 5LVXOWD GXQTXH GL IRQGDPHQWDOH LPSRUWDQ]D SURJHWWDUH XQ ULOLHYR FRVu FRPH TXDOVLDVL DOWUD RSHUD]LRQH SUHOLPLQDUH GL FRQRVFHQ]D LQ TXDQWR q LQ TXHVWD IDVH FKH LO FRQIURQWR FRQ JOL RELHWWLYL GD UDJJLXQJHUH SHUPHWWH GL LQGLYLGXDUH OH PLJOLRUL WHFQLFKH GL ULOHYDPHQWR VHPSUH LQ UHOD]LRQH DOOR VFRSR VHOH]LRQDQGRLQDQWLFLSRTXDOLVDUDQQROHPHWRGRORJLHHOHVFDOH GLUHVWLWX]LRQHGHLGDWLUDFFROWLGXUDQWHODIDVHGLFDPSDJQD Ê GXQTXH SRVVLELOH VXGGLYLGHUH O¶RSHUD]LRQH GL ULOHYDPHQWR GHOOHJHRPHWULHLQWUHPRPHQWLGLVWLQWLFLDVFXQRFRQOHSURSULH SHFXOLDULWjHVRWWRRELHWWLYL³ODIDVHGLSURJHWWD]LRQH´UHDOL]]DWD GRSR XQ SULPR QHFHVVDULR VRSUDOOXRJR SUHVVR O¶HGL¿FLR GD ULOHYDUH ³OD IDVH GL ULOHYD]LRQH´ YHUD H SURSULD GL FRQIURQWR GLUHWWRFRQO¶HGL¿FRH³ODIDVHGLUHVWLWX]LRQH´LQFXLOHLQIRUPD]LRQL DFTXLVLWHYHQJRQRUHVWLWXLWHDWWUDYHUVRO¶XWLOL]]RGLFRGLFLJUD¿FL HUHVHIUXLELOLJUD]LHDGXQOLQJXDJJLRFRQGLYLVR /¶DVSHWWR GHOOD FRQRVFHQ]D SUHYHQWLYD TXDOH LQVRVWLWXLELOH IRQWH GL LQIRUPD]LRQL SURSHGHXWLFKH DOOD VWHVXUD GHO SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH KD RUPDL DVVXQWR XQD YDOHQ]D ULWHQXWD LUULQXQFLDELOHLQTXDQWRPH]]RSHUODFRVWUX]LRQHGLXQSURJHWWR FRQVDSHYROH FKH ULÀHWWD OH UHDOL QHFHVVLWj GHOO¶HGL¿FR Ê LQ TXHVWRTXDGURYLUWXRVRFKHVLLQVHULVFHLOULOLHYRGHOOHJHRPHWULH FKHLQVLHPHDOOHLQGDJLQLVWRULFRDUFKLYLVWLFKHDTXHOOHFKLPLFR ¿VLFKHVXLPDWHULDOLDTXHOOHVWUDWLJUD¿FKHFRQGRWWHDWWUDYHUVR

80 OR VWXGLR GLUHWWR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR SLXWWRVWR FKH D TXHOOH VWUXWWXUDOL SHUYDOXWDUQHODFRQGL]LRQHVRWWRLOSUR¿ORVWDWLFRFRQFRUUHDOOD IRUPD]LRQHGLTXHOVRVWUDWRVXFXLSRWUjHVVHUHSUR¿FXDPHQWH LPSRVWDWRLOSURJHWWRGLLQWHUYHQWRSURJHWWRFKHLQTXHVWRPRGR SRWUjULVXOWDUHQRQVRORSLHI¿FDFHPDDQFKHHFRQRPLFDPHQWH SLYDQWDJJLRVRLQTXDQWRHIIHWWLYDPHQWH³FXFLWR´VXOOHQHFHVVLWj GHOPDQXIDWWRVWHVVR

Applicazione del metodo

/¶DWWLYLWjGLULOHYRVYROWDD/RPHOORVLqFRQFHQWUDWDVXWUHGHJOL HGL¿FLGLPDJJLRUULOHYDQ]DGHOFRPXQHLO&DVWHOOR&ULYHOOLRJJL VHGH GHO 0XQLFLSLR OD %DVLOLFD GL 6DQWD 0DULD 0DJJLRUH FRQ O¶DQQHVVDFDQRQLFDHOD&KLHVDGL6DQ5RFFR /¶RELHWWLYR GHOO¶LQGDJLQH q VWDWD O¶DFTXLVL]LRQH GHL GDWL JHRPHWULFL GHL WUH HGL¿FL SHU SRWHU VXFFHVVLYDPHQWH PHWWHUH DSXQWRRSSRUWXQLHODERUDWLLQJUDGRGLHVVHUHLPSLHJDWLFRPH EDVL FDUWRJUD¿FKH SHU JOL DSSURIRQGLPHQWL FKH LO SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH DYUHEEH ULFKLHVWR &RQVLGHUDWR O¶HSRFD GL FRVWUX]LRQH GHJOL HGL¿FL H OR VWDWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH LQ FXL YHUVDYDQR VL q RSWDWR SHU XQD WHFQLFD GL ULOHYDPHQWR FKH SHUPHWWHVVH GL DFTXLVLUH GDWL VXI¿FLHQWHPHQWH GHWWDJOLDWL SHU XQD UHVWLWX]LRQH JUD¿FD DOOD VFDOD  DGRWWDQGR SHUz XQ PHWRGR FKH FRQVHQWLVVH HYHQWXDOPHQWH GL DSSURIRQGLUH OD ULOHYD]LRQHFRQGDWLGLPDJJLRUSUHFLVLRQHSHULQGDJDUHDVSHWWL VWUXWWXUDOLTXDOLIXRULSLRPERVSDQFLDPHQWLGHOOHPXUDWXUHRDOWUL GLVVHVWL /DULOHYD]LRQHSHUWXWWLHWUHLPDQXIDWWLqVWDWDTXLQGLHIIHWWXDWD LPSLHJDQGR XQD VHULH GL PHWRGL FRVLGGHWWL LQGLUHWWL LQ TXDQWR QRQSUHYHGRQRXQFRQIURQWRGLUHWWR¿VLFRWUDORVWUXPHQWRGL ULOLHYRHO¶RJJHWWRGDULOHYDUHFKHIDQQRXVRGLVWUXPHQWD]LRQH WRSRJUD¿FD GL HOHYDWD SUHFLVLRQH ,Q SDUWLFRODUH OR VWUXPHQWR XWLOL]]DWR q VWDWD XQD VWD]LRQH WRWDOH prismless1 in grado di HIIHWWXDUH PLVXUH DQJRODUL H GLVWDQ]LRPHWULFKH QRQ VROR VX RSSRUWXQHVXSHU¿FLULÀHWWHQWLPDDQFKHVXXQJUDQQXPHURGL PDWHULDOLFRPXQLTXDOLLQWRQDFLHFRWWLPHQWUHLPHWRGLLPSLHJDWL SHU HIIHWWXDUH OD ULOHYD]LRQH VRQR VWDWL OD SROLJRQD]LRQH H OD FHOHULPHQVXUD /D SROLJRQD]LRQH SHUPHWWH VHPSOL¿FDQGR GL FUHDUH DWWUDYHUVR OD PDWHULDOL]]D]LRQH D WHUUD GL DOFXQL SXQWL

1 *OLVWUXPHQWLLPSLHJDWLVRQRVWDWLLO7RSFRQ*37HLO7RSFRQ*37 FRUUHGDWLGLRFXODUH]HQLWDOHSHUOHFROOLPD]LRQLPROWRDOWHSLXQDVHULHGLWUHSSLHGL e kitGRWDWLGLWULFXVSLGHSRUWDSULVPDHSULVPDSHUO¶HVHFX]LRQHGHOOHSROLJRQDOL

81 In basso QRWHYROL GHQRPLQDWL ³VWD]LRQL WRSRJUD¿FKH´ XQ SROLJRQR FKH 9LVWDDVVRQRPHWULFD VHUYHGDVLVWHPDGLULIHULPHQWRSHULPSRVWDUHLVXFFHVVLYLULOLHYL GHOODSROLJRQDOHHGHL SXQWLGLGHWWDJOLR LQ GLGHWWDJOLRVXOO¶HGL¿FLR/DVFHOWDGHOOHVWD]LRQLWRSRJUD¿FKHYD YHUGH ULOHYDWLFRQ TXLQGLSURJHWWDWDFHUFDQGRGLRWWHQHUHXQEXRQFRPSURPHVVR PHWRGRFHOHULPHWULFR WUD LO QXPHUR GL VWD]LRQL GD UHDOL]]DUH H OD SRVL]LRQH FKH Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR FLDVFXQDGHYHDYHUHULVSHWWRDTXHOODSUHFHGHQWHDTXHOODFKH VHJXH H VRSUDWWXWWR DOO¶HGL¿FLR GD ULOHYDUH 3HU SRWHU HVVHUH UHDOL]]DWDqLQIDWWLQHFHVVDULRFKHGDFLDVFXQDVWD]LRQHVLDQR YLVLELOLFROOLPDELOLDOPHQRDQFKHOHGXHDGLDFHQWLHQHOFDVR IRVVH SRVVLELOH DQFKH DOWUH VWD]LRQL FKH UHQGHUHEEHUR DQFRU SLDI¿GDELOHPHQRODELOHODFRQ¿JXUD]LRQH GHOODSROLJRQDOH &RPH VSHFL¿FDWR OD SROLJRQDOH SHUPHWWH OD FUHD]LRQH GL XQ VLVWHPD GL ULIHULPHQWR FXL DJJDQFLDUH OH PLVXUH GL GHWWDJOLR VXOO¶HGL¿FLRqTXLQGLIRQGDPHQWDOHFROORFDUHLSXQWLGLVWD]LRQH QHOOHSRVL]LRQLSLSUR¿FXHDQFKHLQULIHULPHQWRDOODPRUIRORJLD GHOO¶HGL¿FLRWHQWDQGRGLRWWLPL]]DUQHLOQXPHURLQUHOD]LRQHDOOD FRPSOHVVLWjGHOULOLHYRFHOHULPHWULFRGDHIIHWWXDUH /H SROLJRQDOL VL GLYLGRQR LQ FKLXVH R DSHUWH D VHFRQGD FKH LO SULPR H O¶XOWLPR YHUWLFH VWD]LRQH  FRLQFLGDQR RSSXUH QR LQWULQVHFDPHQWHDOQHWWRTXLQGLGHOODSHUL]LDFRQFXLYHQJRQR HVHJXLWHOHSROLJRQDOLFKLXVHULVXOWDQRSLSUHFLVHHGLSLIDFLOH FRUUH]LRQHLQFDVRGLHYHQWXDOLHUURULGLHVHFX]LRQH

82 /D FHOHULPHQVXUD LO VHFRQGR PHWRGR LPSLHJDWR SHU LO ULOLHYR GHJOL HGL¿FL GL /RPHOOR q XQD WHFQLFD GL FRPSOHPHQWR DOOH SROLJRQDOL LQ TXDQWR SHUPHWWH GL HIIHWWXDUH LO YHUR H SURSULR ULOLHYRGHOO¶HGL¿FLRYLHQHHVHJXLWRFRQODVWHVVDVWUXPHQWD]LRQH LPSLHJDWD SHU OD SROLJRQD]LRQH WHRGROLWH H GLVWDQ]LRPHWUR R VWD]LRQHWRWDOHHGDQFKHODSURFHGXUDGLULOHYRqODPHGHVLPD PD DQ]LFKp FROOLPDUH XQ¶DOWUD VWD]LRQH VL FROOLPDQR L SXQWL GHOO¶HGL¿FLRFKHVLULWHQJRQRQHFHVVDULDOO¶DFTXLVL]LRQHGHOGDWR JHRPHWULFRHDOODVXFFHVVLYDUHVWLWX]LRQH$QFKHLQTXHVWRFDVR LOSURJHWWRGLULOLHYRHIIHWWXDWRSULPDGHOO¶RSHUDWLYLWjLQVLWRXQLWR DOO¶DQDOLVL GHJOL RELHWWLYL GHOO¶LQGDJLQH VDUj LQ JUDGR GL IRUQLUH LQGLFD]LRQLVXI¿FLHQWLDFRPSUHQGHUHLOQXPHURGLSXQWLGDULOHYDUH QHFHVVDULDGHVFULYHUHODFRPSOHVVLWjGHOPDQXIDWWRRJJHWWRGL VWXGLR,OULOLHYRDWWUDYHUVRODFHOHULPHQVXUDDGLIIHUHQ]DGLXQ SLWUDGL]LRQDOHULOLHYRGLUHWWRFRQPHWURHELQGHOODQRQIRUQLVFH TXLQGL PLVXUH ORQJLPHWULFKH PD FRRUGLQDWH WULGLPHQVLRQDOL GL SXQWL &LDVFXQ SXQWR q ULOHYDWR VXOO¶HGL¿FLR DWWUDYHUVR O¶DFTXLVL]LRQH GL WUH GDWL O¶DQJROR D]LPXWDOH FLRq O¶DQJROR RUL]]RQWDOHWUDODOLQHDGLFROOLPD]LRQHDOSXQWRHLOEUDFFLRGL SROLJRQDOHO¶DQJROR]HQLWDOHFLRqO¶DQJRORYHUWLFDOHWUDODOLQHD GLFROOLPD]LRQHDOSXQWRHO¶RUL]]RQWHODGLVWDQ]DLQFOLQDWDWUDLO FHQWURGHOORVWUXPHQWRWRSRJUD¿FRHLOSXQWRFROOLPDWR $ULOLHYRHIIHWWXDWRGRSRDYHUVFDULFDWRLGDWLGDOORVWUXPHQWR VDUj SRVVLELOH HODERUDUOL WUDPLWH XQD SURFHGXUD softwareR PDQXDOPHQWHFRPHYHQLYDIDWWRDQQLIDFKHIRUQLUjOHFRRUGLQDWH GLFLDVFXQSXQWRULIHULWHDOVLVWHPDGLULIHULPHQWRXWLOL]]DWRFLRq ODSROLJRQDOH1HOFDVRVLGLVSRQHVVHGLFRRUGLQDWHJHRJUD¿FKH QRWH FRPH L SXQWL ¿GXFLDOL VDUj SRVVLELOH JHRUHIHUHQ]LDUH OD SROLJRQDOH H TXLQGL DQFKH OD FHOHULPHQVXUD H WXWWR LO ULOHYR LQ PRGR GD UHQGHUOR FRUUHWWDPHQWH RULHQWDWR ULVSHWWR DOOD FDUWRJUD¿DLVWLWX]LRQDOH 6FHQGHQGRQHOGHWWDJOLRGLTXDQWRHIIHWWXDWRD/RPHOORO¶HGL¿FLR FKHKDSUHVHQWDWRO¶DVSHWWRSLFULWLFRGDOSXQWRGLYLVWDGHOOD VXD ULOHYD]LRQH JHRPHWULFD q VWDWR VHQ]D GXEELR OD %DVLOLFD GL 6DQWD 0DULD 0DJJLRUH SHU YLD GHOOH QRWHYROL GLPHQVLRQL GHOO¶DUWLFROD]LRQH VSD]LDOH H VRSUDWWXWWR SHU OD SDUWLFRODUH PRUIRORJLD GHO YHVWLEROR DQWLVWDQWH O¶LQJUHVVR FKH YHUVDYD LQ FRQGL]LRQLVHPLUXGHUL]]DWH 2ELHWWLYR GHOO¶LQGDJLQH q VWDWD OD UDFFROWD GL LQIRUPD]LRQL PHWULFKH SHU SRWHU HIIHWWXDUH GHOOH UHVWLWX]LRQL DOOD VFDOD  GHOOD SODQLPHWULD GHOOD FKLHVD GHOO¶DQQHVVD FDQRQLFD H GHO YLFLQR EDWWLVWHUR FXL VL DJJLXQJRQR WXWWL L SURVSHWWL HVWHUQL H OH VH]LRQL WUDVYHUVDOL H ORQJLWXGLQDOL 6L q SURFHGXWR GRSR XQ

83 In basso SULPR VRSUDOOXRJR QHFHVVDULR D SUHQGHUH FRQWDWWR FRL OXRJKL 3ROLJRQDOHWRSRJUD¿FD FRQ OD SURJHWWD]LRQH GHOOD SROLJRQDOH FKH q VWDWD UHDOL]]DWD Basilica di Santa Maria PDWHULDOL]]DQGR GLHFL SXQWL GL VWD]LRQH FROORFDWL DOO¶HVWHUQR 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR H DOO¶LQWHUQR GHJOL VSD]L GD ULOHYDUH ,Q SDUWLFRODUH VRQR VWDWH ORFDOL]]DWHRWWRVWD]LRQLHVWHUQHXQDLQWHUQDDOODFKLHVDHXQD QHO³YHVWLEROR´G¶LQJUHVVR2/DFRQ¿JXUD]LRQHGHOODSROLJRQDOH FRVu SURJHWWDWD KD SHUPHVVR XQD EXRQD ULGRQGDQ]D SRLFKp ROWUH DG HVVHUH XQ SROLJRQR FKLXVR q FRVWLWXLWD GD DOWUH WUH VRWWRSROLJRQDOLFKLXVHFKHUHQGRQRLOVLVWHPDPHQRODELOH/D VXFFHVVLYDIDVHGLFHOHULPHQVXUDFRQGRWWDLQGLYHUVHJLRUQDWH GLODYRURKDYLVWRO¶DFTXLVL]LRQHGLFLUFDPLOOHSXQWLWRSRJUD¿FL ULOHYDWLVXOOHVXSHU¿FLLQWHUQHHGHVWHUQHGHJOLHGL¿FL3HUO¶LQWHUQR GHOODFKLHVDSDUWLFRODUPHQWHFRPSOHVVRVLqUHVRQHFHVVDULR FUHDUHXQDVHFRQGDSROLJRQDOHGLDSSRJJLRFROOHJDWDDTXHOOD

2 1HOGHWWDJOLROHVWD]LRQLHVRQRSRVL]LRQDWHLQWRUQR DOEDWWLVWHURHWUDEDWWLVWHURHIURQWHVXGGHOODFKLHVDODVWD]LRQHqSRVL]LRQDWD QHOOD]RQDDEVLGDOHHVWHUQDGHOODFKLHVDODHODGLIURQWHDOSURVSHWWR QRUGGHOODFKLHVDODDOO¶HVWHUQRGHO³YHVWLERORDGRYHVWODQHOYHVWLEROR ODDOO¶LQWHUQRGHOODFKLHVD

84 In basso SULQFLSDOHFKHKDSHUPHVVRGLLQ¿WWLUHOHOHWWXUHJLjHIIHWWXDWH 5LOLHYRJHRPHWULFR LQ PRGR GD UDFFRJOLHUH XOWHULRUL LQIRUPD]LRQL VXOO¶DQGDPHQWR HUDGGUL]]DPHQWR IRWRJUD¿FR YHUWLFDOH GHL SLODVWUL GHOOD QDYDWD FKH SUHVHQWDYDQR DQFKH UHVWLWX]LRQHJUD¿FD DOO¶RVVHUYD]LRQH DG RFFKLR QXGR IXRULSLRPER PHULWHYROL GL 3URVSHWWR6XGH PDJJLRULDSSURIRQGLPHQWL3$QFKHODFULSWDFROORFDWDDOGLVRWWR VH]LRQHGHOODFDQRQLFD Basilica di Santa Maria GHOOD]RQDSUHVELWHULDOHGHOODFKLHVDqVWDWDULOHYDWDUHDOL]]DQGR 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR XQD QXRYD VWD]LRQH WRSRJUD¿FD VYLQFRODWD GDOOD SROLJRQDOH SULQFLSDOHPDFROOHJDWDDOUHVWRGHOULOLHYRWUDPLWHPHWRGLGLUHWWL WULODWHUD]LRQL 

/DULOHYD]LRQHJHRPHWULFDGHO&DVWHOOR&ULYHOOLqVWDWDFRQGRWWD LPSLHJDQGR LOPHGHVLPRDSSURFFLRHLGHQWLFKH DWWUH]]DWXUHD TXHOOH LPSLHJDWH SHU OD EDVLOLFD LQ TXHVWR FDVR D GLIIHUHQ]D

3 6LYHGDLOFDSLWROR³/DGLDJQRVWLFDSHULOFRVWUXLWROD%DVLOLFDGL6DQWD0DULD 0DJJLRUH´GL)DELDQR%DULDQL$QGUHD&DOLJDULV$QGUHD*DU]XOLQR

85 In basso GHOSUHFHGHQWHO¶HGL¿FRVLSUHVHQWDYDYROXPHWULFDPHQWHPHQR 3ROLJRQDOHWRSRJUD¿FD DUWLFRODWRHFLzKDSHUPHVVRGLFRQWHQHUHDVHLLOQXPHURGHOOH &DVWHOOR/RPHOOR VWD]LRQLWRSRJUD¿FKH/DSROLJRQDOHFKLXVDqTXLQGLUHDOL]]DWD GDVHLYHUWLFLGLFXLTXDWWURSRVL]LRQDWLDOO¶HVWHUQRGHOO¶HGL¿FLR uno all’interno e uno nella corte4 ,O ULOLHYR q VWDWR HIIHWWXDWR DFTXLVHQGRFLUFDTXDWWURFHQWRSXQWLFROPHWRGRFHOHULPHWULFRD FXLYDQQRDJJLXQWLDOWULFHQWRSXQWLDFTXLVLWLVXOOH]RQHDYHUGH FLUFRVWDQWLFDUDWWHUL]]DWHGDFDPELGLTXRWDDQFKHVXSHULRULDL GXHPHWULJUD]LHDLTXDOLqVWDWRSRVVLELOHULFRVWUXLUHO¶RURJUD¿D GHOWHUUHQRDWWUDYHUVRFXUYHGLOLYHOORVSD]LDWHDWUHQWDFHQWLPHWUL /¶XOWLPR HGL¿FLR GL FXL FL VL q RFFXSDWL q OD &KLHVD GL 6DQ 5RFFR FROORFDWD D SRFD GLVWDQ]D GDJOL DOWUL GXH PRQXPHQWL H GL GLPHQVLRQL GHFLVDPHQWH LQIHULRUL $QFKH LQ TXHVWR FDVR VL q SURFHGXWR FRQ SROLJRQD]LRQH H FHOHULPHQVXUD PD D GLIIHUHQ]DGHJOLDOWULGXHHGL¿FLQRQqVWDWRSRVVLELOHHVHJXLUH

4 ,QSDUWLFRODUHOHVWD]LRQLHVRQRFROORFDWHDGHVWGHOO¶HGL¿FLRLQ IURQWHDOO¶LQJUHVVRODODqQHOODFRUWHODqLQWHUQDDOFDVWHOOROD DGRYHVWODDVXG

86 In basso XQD SROLJRQDOH FRPSOHWDPHQWH FKLXVD SL SUHFLVDPHQWH 3ROLJRQDOHWRSRJUD¿FD DOO¶HVWHUQR GHOOD FKLHVD q VWDWR SRVVLELOH FUHDUH XQ SROLJRQR &KLHVDGL6DQ5RFFR /RPHOOR FKLXVR GL WUH VWD]LRQL PHQWUH OD TXDUWD VWD]LRQH LQWHUQD ULVXOWDYLQFRODWDDGXQVRORHVWUHPRDOODSROLJRQDOHSULQFLSDOH5 4XHVWD FRQ¿JXUD]LRQH GHQRPLQDWD ³VEUDFFLR´ FRPSRUWD XQD PDJJLRU ODELOLWj GHOOD VWD]LRQH VYLQFRODWD FKH SHUz LQ TXHVWR FDVR q ULVXOWDWD LQHYLWDELOH LQ TXDQWR LPSRVVLELOH GDOO¶LQWHUQR GHOO¶HGL¿FLRWUDJXDUGDUHDOWULYHUWLFLHVWHUQLDFDXVDGHOO¶DVVHQ]D GL SRUWH H ¿QHVWUH DG DOWH]]H XWLOL , SXQWL DFTXLVLWL WUDPLWH FHOHULPHQVXUDVRQRVWDWLFLUFDGXHFHQWRFLQTXDQWDSHUODFKLHVD FXLVHQHVRPPDQRDOWULFHQWRSHUODGH¿QL]LRQHGHOO¶LQWRUQR

3HU WXWWL H WUH L PDQXIDWWL DQDOL]]DWL OD IDVH GL ULOHYD]LRQH VL q VSLQWDROWUHDOO¶DSSURFFLRFRQPHWRGRLQGLUHWWR¿QTXLULSRUWDWR DUULFFKHQGRLGDWLJLjDFTXLVLWLDWWUDYHUVRXQ¶DFFXUDWDULOHYD]LRQH GLGHWWDJOLRFRQGRWWDWUDPLWHPHWRGLGLUHWWL&RPHDFFHQQDWRLQ

5 /DVWD]LRQHqFROORFDWDDQRUGRYHVWLQIURQWHDOODIDFFLDWDSULQFLSDOH GHOODFKLHVDODDVXGHVWLQSURVVLPLWjGHOOD]RQDDEVLGDOHODDQRUG HVWODDOO¶LQWHUQRGHOODFKLHVD

87 In basso DSHUWXUDLPHWRGLGLUHWWLVRQRFRVuFODVVL¿FDWLSRLFKpSUHYHGRQR 5DGGUL]]DPHQWR LO FRQIURQWR GLUHWWR WUD LO GLVSRVLWLYR GL PLVXUD H O¶RJJHWWR GD IRWRJUD¿FRVH]LRQH ORQJLWXGLQDOH ULOHYDUH IDQQR ULIHULPHQWR D TXHVWR PHWRGR JOL VWUXPHQWL SL Basilica di Santa Maria VHPSOLFLHLQJHQHUDOHPHQRSUHFLVLTXDOLPHWULULJLGLELQGHOOHH 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR IHWWXFFHPHWULFKHPHQWUHLPHWRGLSLSUR¿FXDPHQWHLPSLHJDWL VRQRLQGXEELDPHQWHODWULODWHUD]LRQH6HLOPHWRGRFRVLGGHWWRSHU FRRUGLQDWHFDUWHVLDQH ,Q SDUWLFRODUH QHL FDVL TXL WUDWWDWL q VWDWR IDWWR DPSLR XVR GHOOD WHFQLFD GHOOH WULODWHUD]LRQL LQ TXDQWR PROWR YHUVDWLOH HG LQ JUDGR GL DGDWWDUVL VHQ]D VDFUL¿FDUH OD SUHFLVLRQH DQFKH D PRUIRORJLH DUFKLWHWWRQLFKH SDUWLFRODUPHQWH FRPSOHVVH $ GLIIHUHQ]D GHO PHWRGR FHOHULPHWULFR OD WULODWHUD]LRQH q XQ PHWRGRHVFOXVLYDPHQWHSODQLPHWULFRHGqTXLQGLVWDWRLPSLHJDWR XQLFDPHQWHSHUO¶LQ¿WWLPHQWRGHLGDWLQHFHVVDULDWDOHWLSRORJLD GLUHVWLWX]LRQH 7HFQLFD FRPSOHWDPHQWH GLIIHUHQWH q VWDWD XWLOL]]DWD SHU LQFUHPHQWDUH LO EDJDJOLR GL LQIRUPD]LRQL UHODWLYH DJOL DVSHWWL DOWLPHWULFL GHOOH IDEEULFKH SHU TXHVWR FRPSLWR ROWUH DL GDWL UDFFROWL WUDPLWH FHOHULPHQVXUD VL q SURFHGXWD LPSLHJDQGR OD ³WHFQLFDGHOUDGGUL]]DPHQWRIRWRJUD¿FR´JUD]LHDOODTXDOHROWUH DO GDWR JHRPHWULFR TXDQWLWDWLYR q VWDWR SRVVLELOH DFTXLVLUH LQIRUPD]LRQLGLQDWXUDTXDOLWDWLYDFLUFDODWLSRORJLDGHLPDWHULDOL HLOORURVWDWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH /DWHFQLFDGHOIRWRUDGGUL]]DPHQWRFRQVLVWHFRPHLPSOLFLWDPHQWH

6 ,OPHWRGRGHOODWULODWHUD]LRQHSUHYHGHODVXGGLYLVLRQHGHOORVSD]LRGDULOHYDUH LQ³XQLWjPLQLPH´ULFRQGXFLELOLDGHLWULDQJROLGLFXLDOFXQLYHUWLFLHODWLFRLQFLGRQRFRQ JOLVSLJROLHFRQOHPXUDWXUHGHOO¶HGL¿FLRGDULOHYDUH/DSUDWLFLWjGHOPHWRGRULVLHGH QHOOD SRVVLELOLWj GL FUHDUH WULDQJROL GL GLYHUVH PLVXUH H DPSLH]]H DYHQGR SHUz FXUDGLQRQUHDOL]]DUHYHUWLFLWURSSRDFXWLFKHSRVVRQRHVVHUHRULHQWDWLVHFRQGR TXDOVLYRJOLDJLDFLWXUDQHOORVSD]LR/DUHVWLWX]LRQHYLHQHHIIHWWXDWRULFRVWUXHQGRVX FDUWDRWUDPLWHcadWXWWLLWULDQJROLULOHYDWLULFUHDQGRGLIDWWRODPDJOLDGLSROLJRQLFRVu FRPHqVWDWDDFTXLVLWD

88 In basso QH VXJJHULVFH LO QRPH QHOO¶HOLPLQD]LRQH GD XQ¶LPPDJLQH 5DGGUL]]DPHQWR IRWRJUD¿FD GHOOH GHIRUPD]LRQL SURVSHWWLFKH LQWURGRWWH IRWRJUD¿FRIURQWHVXG &DVWHOOR&ULYHOOL GDOO¶DVVHQ]D GL SDUDOOHOLVPR WUD LO SLDQR GHOOD SHOOLFROD R GHO /RPHOOR VHQVRUHGLJLWDOHHLOSLDQRGHOSURVSHWWRDOPRPHQWRGHOORVFDWWR ,PSLHJDQGR VRIWZDUH SURJHWWDWL ad hoc7 q SRVVLELOH ULFRVWUXLUH YLUWXDOPHQWH OD SRVL]LRQH GHOOD IRWRFDPHUD IRUQHQGR DOFXQL GDWL PHWULFL UHODWLYL DO IURQWH IRWRJUDIDWR YL VRQR GXH PHWRGL SHUIRUQLUHTXHVWLGDWLQHOFDVRGHJOLHGL¿FLGL/RPHOORqVWDWR LPSLHJDWRLOSLSUHFLVRGHLGXHFRVLGGHWWR³PHWRGRDQDOLWLFR´ FKH SUHYHGH O¶XWLOL]]R GHL GDWL WRSRJUD¿FL DFTXLVLWL GXUDQWH LO ULOLHYRFHOHULPHWULFR ,Q TXHVWR PRGR FRQRVFHQGR VROR OH FRRUGLQDQWH GL DOFXQL SXQWLULOHYDWLVXOODVXSHU¿FLHGHOIURQWHGDLQGDJDUHqSRVVLELOH ³UDGGUL]]DUH´ODIRWRJUD¿DHPHWWHUODSHUIHWWDPHQWHLQVFDODLQ PRGRFKHLPSRUWDWDLQXQcadSRVVDHVVHUHXWLOL]]DWDFRPH ULIHULPHQWRGDFXLHVWUDUUHXOWHULRULGDWLJHRPHWULFL (VVHQGRLPPDJLQLIRWRJUD¿FKHLUDGGUL]]DPHQWLROWUHDIRUQLUH XQD EDVH GD FXL DFTXLVLUH LQIRUPD]LRQL GL QDWXUD PHWULFD FRVWLWXLVFRQR XQ GRFXPHQWR IHGHOH VXOOR VWDWR GHL IURQWL FKH UDSSUHVHQWDQR SURSULR SHU TXHVWD GXSOLFH FDUDWWHULVWLFD VRQR VWDWL LPSLHJDWL TXDOL EDVL FDUWRJUD¿FKH VX FXL PDSSDUH OH LQIRUPD]LRQLUHODWLYHDLPDWHULDOLHDOGHJUDGRFKHOLFDUDWWHUL]]D

7 3HULOSURJHWWR/RPHOORqVWDWRLPSLHJDWRLOsoftware PhotometricSURGRWWRGD *HRSUR

89 Ê LQIDWWL SURSULR QHO FDVR GHOO¶DOOHVWLPHQWR GL XQ SURJHWWR GL UHVWDXUR FKH L UDGGUL]]DPHQWL IRWRJUD¿FL SRVVRQR HVSULPHUH DO PHJOLR OH ORUR FDUDWWHULVWLFKH IRUQHQGR XQ VXSSRUWR HFFH]LRQDOPHQWH YHUVDWLOH VX FXL LPSRVWDUH JOL HODERUDWL FRQWHQHQWL OH LQGLFD]LRQL VXOOR VWDWR GL IDWWR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR H VXFFHVVLYDPHQWHVXOOHQHFHVVDULHRSHUD]LRQLFKHO¶LQWHUYHQWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GRYUj SUHVFULYHUH ,QROWUH OD SRVVLELOLWj GL PLVXUDUH GLUHWWDPHQWH OD IRWRJUD¿D OL UHQGH XQR VWUXPHQWR LQGLVSHQVDELOH SHU OD TXDQWL¿FD]LRQH H OD SUHYHQWLYD]LRQH GHL FRVWLGHOO¶LQWHUYHQWR ,Q FRQFOXVLRQH TXDQWR VSHULPHQWDWR GLUHWWDPHQWH VXO FDPSR GXUDQWH OH IDVL GL ULOHYD]LRQH GHL WUH FRPSOHVVL PRQXPHQWDOL ORPHOOHVL H TXDQWR LQ VHJXLWR PHVVR LQ SUDWLFD QHOOH IDVL GL UHVWLWX]LRQHGHLGDWLDFTXLVLWLKDPHVVRLQOXFHFRPHODFRUUHWWD SURJHWWD]LRQHGHOOHIDVLSUHOLPLQDULGLFRQRVFHQ]DVLULYHOLFUXFLDOH SHUO¶LQGLYLGXD]LRQH GHJOL RELHWWLYLXWLOLDOODVXFFHVVLYDVWHVXUD GHOO¶LQWHUYHQWR GL UHVWDXUR 1RQ VROR O¶DWWHQWD SURJHWWD]LRQH GHOODIDVHGLFRQRVFHQ]DJHRPHWULFDHPDWHULFRSDWRORJLFDLQ TXHVWRVSHFL¿FRFDVRKDLQIDWWLSHUPHVVRO¶RWWLPL]]D]LRQHGHOOH WHPSLVWLFKHHGHOOHGLQDPLFKHin situUHQGHQGRSLVSHGLWLYRH SUR¿FXRO¶iterGLUHDOL]]D]LRQHGHOSURJHWWRQHOVXRFRPSOHVVR

%LEOLRJUD¿D

%RUWRORWWR 6 'H 0DUFKL 30 &LRFFKLQL ( =DQJKHUL ) In-situ and laboratory investigations on materials and structures for the static improvement: Torre quadrata del Circo Romano () LQ Structural analysis of historic construction  ,QWHUQDWLRQDO FRQIHUHQFH $WWL GHO &RQYHJQRSS%DWK

%RUWRORWWR6&LRFFKLQL()ULJR$*DU]XOLQR$6LPRQHOOL5=DQJKHUL) Learning from the building: direct sources for the preservation project. The experience of Besozzo’s Town hall (Varese, )LQXXIIIrd International CIPA Symposium $WWL GHO &RQYHJQR 3UDJXH &]HFK 5HSXEOLF  VHWWHPEUHSS(G.DUHO3DYHOND3UDJXH

&DPSDQHOOD&,OULOLHYRGHJOLHGL¿FL(G,O6ROHRUH0LODQR

=DQJKHUL),OULOLHYRIRWRJUD¿FR LQ&&DPSDQHOOD,OULOLHYRGHJOLHGL¿FL SS(G,O6ROHRUH0LODQR

90 Parte terza: le attività di ricerca

91

Il paesaggio agrario di Laumellum

Fabiano Bariani, Andrea Caligaris - architetti Andrea Garzulino - Politecnico di Milano, D.A.St.U.

Introduzione

/H DWWLYLWj GL ULFHUFD FKH TXL VL SUHVHQWDQR VL VRQR SRVWH O¶RELHWWLYR GL LQGLYLGXDUH L FDUDWWHUL DUFKLWHWWRQLFL SDHVDJJLVWLFL HQDWXUDOLFKHGH¿QLVFRQROD³TXDOLWj´GHOWHUULWRULRGL/RPHOOR GL ULOHYDUH OH HYHQWXDOL VLWXD]LRQL GL GHJUDGR H GL SUHGLVSRUUH LQGLFD]LRQLSHUODFRQVHUYD]LRQHGLDUHHVLJQL¿FDWLYHGDOSXQWR GLYLVWDVWRULFRHDPELHQWDOH /R VWXGLR VL q VYROWR LQ GXH VXFFHVVLYH IDVL OD SULPD KD FRQVHQWLWR O¶LQGLYLGXD]LRQH GHOOH ³SHUPDQHQ]H´ GL LQWHUHVVH storico e naturalistico del territorio ricavate attraverso la OHWWXUDGHLFDWDVWLGHOODFDUWRJUD¿DVWRULFDHGHOODELEOLRJUD¿D GLULIHULPHQWRWDOLGDHYLGHQ]LDUHOHSHFXOLDULWjGHOVXRORHGHO WHUULWRULR 6SHFL¿FL VRSUDOOXRJKL QHOOD VHFRQGD IDVH GHO ODYRUR KDQQR SHUPHVVRDQFKHFRQO¶DLXWRGHOOHIRWRJUD¿HDHUHHGLLQGLYLGXDUH HYDOXWDUHODFRPSOHVVLWjGHOWHUULWRULRHYLGHQ]LDQGRLFDUDWWHUL H OH WUDVIRUPD]LRQL GHO SDHVDJJLR XUEDQR DJUDULR H QDWXUDOH QRQFKpYHUL¿FDQGRQHLOOLYHOORGLDOWHUD]LRQHHRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH GHJOLHOHPHQWLHGHLVLVWHPLFKHORFRPSRQJRQR 1HOO¶LQGLYLGXD]LRQH GHL FDUDWWHUL SDHVLVWLFL VL VRQR YROXWH ULOHYDUHHFRQVLGHUDUHVLDOHFRPSRQHQWLVWUXWWXUDOLQDWXUDOLH VWRULFKHFKHTXHOOHSHUFHWWLYHDYHQGRFRPHRELHWWLYRODWXWHOD HODYDORUL]]D]LRQHGL³DUHHSHFXOLDUL´SHUODIUXL]LRQHDPLVXUD G¶XRPRGHOSDHVDJJLR 6L q FRQVHJXHQWHPHQWH HODERUDWR XQ ³3LDQR GL WXWHOD GHO SDHVDJJLR´QHOTXDOHVRQRVWDWLHYLGHQ]LDWLLVLJQL¿FDWLYLFDUDWWHUL SDHVLVWLFLVHJQDODQGRDOFRQWHPSROHSULQFLSDOLSUREOHPDWLFKHGL WXWHODHYDORUL]]D]LRQHULVFRQWUDWH /DOHWWXUDGHOWHUULWRULRVXOODEDVHGHOODPHWRGRORJLDGH¿QLWDKD FRQVHQWLWRGLLQGLYLGXDUH³DPELWLGLULTXDOL¿FD]LRQHYDORUL]]D]LRQH SDHVLVWLFD´ FKH QHFHVVLWDQR GL SDUWLFRODUL D]LRQL GL WXWHOD R GL UHFXSHUR8QFRQIURQWRFRQJOLVWUXPHQWLGLSLDQRRJJLYLJHQWL KDLQGLYLGXDWRLQ¿QHLJUDGLGLFRQJUXHQ]DFRQJOLRELHWWLYLGHOOD WXWHODHGHOUHFXSHURGHOWHUULWRULRRJJHWWRGLVWXGLR

93 A fronte Lo studio del territorio e delle (YROX]LRQHGHOOH sue fasi storiche destinazioni d’uso e del VLVWHPDLQIUDVWUXWWXUDOH DOOHVRJOLH $O ¿QH GL SUHGLVSRUUH OR VWXGLR  DQDOLWLFR GHO WHUULWRULR GL /RPHOOR q VWDWR LQGLVSHQVDELOH UHSHULUH OD GRFXPHQWD]LRQHVWRULFRFDUWRJUD¿FR DUFKLYLVWLFD/HFDUWRJUD¿HXWLOL]]DWH LQ VXFFHVVLRQH FURQRORJLFD VRQR OH seguenti: ‡ ODFDUWDGHO&DWDVWR6DEDXGR ‡ O¶,*0 ‡ O¶,*0 ‡ OD&DUWD7HFQLFD5HJLRQDOH ‡ O¶RUWRIRWR ‡ LO35* 'XUDQWH OD IDVH GL DQDOLVL VL q VWXGLDWRLOWHUULWRULRGDOSXQWRGLYLVWD PRUIRORJLFRHGHOO¶XWLOL]]RGHOVXROR 3HU RJQL VRJOLD LQIDWWL VL q YROXWR HYLGHQ]LDUH VLD ³OD SHUPDQHQ]D´ H OD ³QRQ SHUPDQHQ]D´ GHOOD JHRPHWULD GHOOD IRUPD GHL VLQJROL PDSSDOLVLDOHUHODWLYHGHVWLQD]LRQL G¶XVR HQWUDPEH YLVXDOL]]DWH FRQ WUDWWLHFDPSLWXUHLGRQHH 3DUDOOHODPHQWH VRQR VWDWL UHDOL]]DWL HODERUDWL LQ VHTXHQ]D VWRULFD FKH HYLGHQ]LDQR OD SHUPDQHQ]D GHL GLYHUVL ³VHJQL´ FRQ OLQHH URVVH GL GLYHUVR VSHVVRUH GDO SL ³DQWLFR´ DO SL ³UHFHQWH´ O¶LQWHURVLVWHPDYLDULRFRQOLQHHEOXLOVLVWHPDLGULFR FRQFDPSLWXUHQHUHWXWWLJOLHGL¿FLGLSURSULHWjSULYDWDHSXEEOLFD FRQVLPEROLDWULDQJRORGLFRORUHbordeaux tutti gli incroci tra due VWUDGHHLQ¿QHFRQVLPEROLDTXDGUDWRGLFRORUHbordeaux tutti JOLLQFURFLWUDVWUDGDHFRUVRG¶DFTXD /DVHFRQGDIDVHGHOODYRURYHGHODUHDOL]]D]LRQHGLFDUWRJUD¿H GLVLQWHVLYROWHDFRQIURQWDUHJOLDVVHWWLDJUDULHGLQIUDVWUXWWXUDOL GHOOH YDULH VRJOLH VWRULFKH LQ XQD YLVLRQH VSD]LR WHPSRUDOH *UD¿FDPHQWH OD FRPXQLFD]LRQH GL WDOL LQIRUPD]LRQL VRQR VWDWH UHVH FRQ FRORUL GDO SL VFXUR DO SL FKLDUR  VHJXHQGR ODFURQRORJLD GDOSLDQWLFRDOSLUHFHQWH *UD]LHDTXHVWH OHWWXUH LQFURFLDWH q VWDWR SRVVLELOH GHWHUPLQDUH QHO GHWWDJOLR O¶HYROX]LRQH DJULFROD QHO &RPXQH GL /RPHOOR H OH VXH DUHH RPRJHQHH6LqSHUWDQWRLQJUDGRGLDIIHUPDUHFKHQHOFRUVR

94 95 In basso GHJOLDQQLODFDPSDJQDORPHOOLQDKDVXEuWRXQFDPELDPHQWRSHU (YROX]LRQHGHOOH TXDQWRULJXDUGDOHFROWXUH/RPHOORKDYLVWRODWUDVIRUPD]LRQH destinazioni d’uso e del VLVWHPDLQIUDVWUXWWXUDOH GHJOLDSSH]]DPHQWLGDDUDWRULDUDWRULYLWDWLHRDGDFTXDWRULLQ DOOHVRJOLH ULVDLH PXWDQGR FRVu QHO JLUR GL GXH VHFROL LO SURSULR DVVHWWR DJUDULR A fronte &DUWDGHOOHSHUPDQHQ]H VWRULFKH La redazione del Piano di tutela del paesaggio

8QD SDUWLFRODUH DWWHQ]LRQH q VWDWD GHGLFDWD DOO¶DQDOLVL H DL FULWHUL GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GHL FDUDWWHUL GHO SDHVDJJLR DJUDULR VWRULFR QHOO¶DUHD GL /RPHOOR GD VHFROL LO ODYRUR GHJOL XRPLQL KDWUDVIRUPDWROD]RQDLQXQRGHLWHUULWRULSLIHUWLOLHSURGXWWLYL G¶(XURSD JUD]LH DOOD FROWLYD]LRQH GHO ULVR 8Q GLIIXVR UHWLFROR irriguo contraddistingue il tessuto agrario ed irrigazione dei

96 FDPSL/XQJROHVWUDGHFDPSHVWULOHYLHGLVFRUULPHQWRLFRQ¿QL WUD OH SURSULHWj H OXQJR L FDQDOL VL VYLOXSSD XQD ULJRJOLRVD YHJHWD]LRQHTXDVLVHPSUHSLDQWDWDGDOO¶XRPRVLDLQIRUPDGL ¿ODUHFKHGLULSDERVFDWDVLWUDWWDGLSLRSSLDFHULFDPSHVWUL VDOLFL 7DOYROWD PRQXPHQWDOL DOEHUL LVRODWL UHOLWWL GL DQWLFKH SLDQWXPD]LRQL FDUDWWHUL]]DQR LO SDHVDJJLR /D UHWH LUULJXD q UHJRODWDGDXQD¿WWDVHULHGLSLFFROLHJUDQGLPDQXIDWWLLGUDXOLFL VLIRQL FKLXVLQL GHYLDWRUL HFF  FKH FRQVHUYDQR DQFRUD RJJL L ORUR FDUDWWHUL FRVWUXWWLYL VWRULFL *OL DUJLQL GHO ¿XPH$JRJQD L FDQDOL FRQ OH ORUR VWUDGH GL VHUYL]LR FRVWLWXLVFRQR SXQWL GL SHUFRUUHQ]D SULYLOHJLDWL FRQVHQWHQGR XQD GLYHUVD SHUFH]LRQH GHOWHUULWRULR7XWWRTXHVWRVLVWHPDGLEHQLFKHSRWUHEEHHVVHUH LQJUDYHSHULFRORGLVFRPSDUVDDVHJXLWRGHOOHSRVVLELOLIXWXUH WUDVIRUPD]LRQLDJUDULHHGHGLOL]LHqVWDWRLQGLYLGXDWRHFHQVLWR GHOLPLWDQGRLQSDUWLFRODUHOHDUHHGRYHODORURFRQFHQWUD]LRQH qPDJJLRUHHFKHPHULWDQRTXLQGLGLHVVHUHFRQVHUYDWHFRQ DWWHQ]LRQH /DULFHUFDQRQKDGXQTXHDYXWRFRPH¿QDOLWjTXHOODGLHODERUDUH XQYHURHSURSULR³3LDQR´QpULVROYHUHFRQVSHFL¿FLSURJHWWLL VLQJROLFDVLPDVLqSRVWDORVFRSRGLIRUQLUHDLGLYHUVLRSHUDWRUL QRQVRORXQLQVLHPHJHQHUDOHGLRELHWWLYLGLLQWHUYHQWRPDDQFKH O¶LQGLYLGXD]LRQH GL WXWWH OH FRPSRQHQWL GL LQWHUHVVH VWRULFR SDHVLVWLFRRQDWXUDOHFKHPHULWDQRGLHVVHUHVDOYDJXDUGDWHR DOPHQRSUHVHLQFRQVLGHUD]LRQHDOPRPHQWRGHOODGH¿QL]LRQH GHOOH VFHOWH GL SLDQR HR GHOOD UHDOL]]D]LRQH GHJOL LQWHUYHQWL HGLOL]LHLQIUDVWUXWWXUDOLFRQVHJXHQWL /H OLQHH JXLGD FKH FRUUHGDQR LO 3LDQR VWHVVR LQGLYLGXDQR

97 In basso SHUWDQWRJOLLQWHUYHQWLFKHQRQVRQRFRQVLGHUDWL DPPLVVLELOL H Il Piano di tutela RIIURQRFULWHULGLULIHULPHQWRSHUOHWUDVIRUPD]LRQLSRVVLELOL GHOSDHVDJJLR &LDVFXQDSDUWHSXzRSHUDUHFRQUDJLRQHYROLFHUWH]]HQHOPHULWR A fronte GLFLzFKHVLSXzRQRQVLSXzIDUHIHUPRUHVWDQGRFKHqSRL Dettaglio del Piano di VHPSUHDOODVFDODGHOSURJHWWRHGHOODVXDHVHFX]LRQHFKHVL WXWHODGHOSDHVDJJLR FRQOHJHQGD JLRFDOD³TXDOLWj´GLXQLQWHUYHQWRHLOVXRFRQWULEXWRDOODTXDOLWj SDHVLVWLFDFKHQHFRQVHJXH ,OGRFXPHQWRSHUODGH¿QL]LRQHGHLFULWHULGLJRYHUQRGHOO¶DUHD QRQ LQWHQGH HVVHUH SUHVFULWWLYR VL SRQH LQYHFH LO FRPSLWR GL RIIULUH D WXWWL JOL RSHUDWRUL FRLQYROWL XQ TXDGUR LQIRUPDWLYR VXI¿FLHQWHPHQWH FHUWR H IRQGDWR XWLOH SHU SUHQGHUH GHOOH GHFLVLRQLFXOWXUDOPHQWHVRVWHQLELOL

98 99 In basso Le ipotesi di progetto Individuazione GHOOHFULWLFLWj /HLQGLFD]LRQLGLSLDQRSURSRVWHVRQRLOULVXOWDWRGHOODYRORQWjGL A fronte SUH¿JXUDUHXQ³PXVHRDOO¶DSHUWR´QHOSDHVDJJLRDJUDULRVWRULFR ,SRWHVLGLSURJHWWR VWUHWWDPHQWHFROOHJDWRDOODYLVLWDHIUXLELOLWjGHOFHQWURVWRULFR /¶RELHWWLYRSHUWDQWRqTXHOORGLSRWHUUHVWLWXLUHSDULGLJQLWjH VRSUDWWXWWR XQ UXROR LPSRUWDQWH GL WHVWLPRQLDQ]D GHO SDVVDWR VLDDOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUDPRQXPHQWDOHDOO¶HGLOL]LDGLIIXVDPDDQFKH DOSDHVDJJLR $O ¿QH GL RWWHQHUH XQ EXRQ ULVXOWDWR VL q SURFHGXWR FRQ O¶LGHQWL¿FD]LRQHGHOOHFULWLFLWjHSRLGHOODSURJHWWD]LRQHGL³VWDQ]H´

100 VLJQL¿FDWLYH GL WDOH ³PXVHR DOO¶DSHUWR´ FKH RSSRUWXQDPHQWH FROOHJDWH LQ UHWH GD VLVWHPL GL SHUFRUVL UDFFRQWLQR OH SURSULH SHFXOLDULWj PRUIRORJLFKH VWRULFKH H QDWXUDOLVWLFKH FRQ DQFKH OD YDORUL]]D]LRQH GHOO¶HGL¿FDWR UXUDOH H LO VXR FRQWHVWR SDHVDJJLVWLFRHQDWXUDOLVWLFR /H GLI¿FROWj GHOOH SHUFRUUHQ]H WUD FHQWUR VWRULFR H SDHVDJJLR DJUDULR YHQJRQR ULVROWH FRQ QXRYL WUDFFLDWL FLFORSHGRQDOL LQ SDUWH FRQ O¶DGHJXDPHQWR GHL IRQGL GHOOH JLj HVLVWHQWL VWUDGH FDPSHVWULHLQDVVHQ]DGLWUDFFLDWLGLFROOHJDPHQWRODSURSRVWD SURJHWWXDOHQHSUHYHGHODFUHD]LRQHGLQXRYLDPDUJLQHGHOOH VWUDGHH[WUDXUEDQH

101 102 103 Pagine precedenti $QFKHLOFHQWURVWRULFRGL/RPHOORVDUjLQWHUHVVDWRGDDSSRVLWL 3URJHWWRFLFORSHGRQDOH SHUFRUVL FLFORSHGRQDOL FKH FRQ RSSRUWXQH VHJQDOHWLFKH D FDUUDELOHFLFODELOHH SHGRQDOH FRQGXUUDQQRDOODYLVLWDGHLEHQLDUFKHRORJLFLVWRULFLDUFKLWHWWRQLFL E FLFODELOHHSHGRQDOH HGXUEDQL F SHGRQDOH 3HU GDUH FRQWLQXLWj DO SHUFRUVR XUEDQR FRQ TXHOOR DJULFROR G DWWUDYHUVDPHQWR VXOO¶$JRJQD SDHVLVWLFR OD PDQFDQ]D GL XQ SXQWR GL DWWUDYHUVDPHQWR VXO WRUUHQWH$JRJQDYLHQHVXSHUDWDFRQODFUHD]LRQHGLXQSRQWHGD Progetto rotatoria con FROORFDUVLVXOWUDFFLDWRVWRULFRGLXQDQWLFRJXDGRWHVWLPRQLDWR SHUFRUVRFLFODELOHH ³ULVDUFLWXUD´GHOOHULSH GD XQ VHJQR WDQJLELOH VXOOD FDUWRJUD¿D FDWDVWDOH GHO  ,Q ERVFDWH TXHVWR PRGR VL DQGUj D YDORUL]]DUH XQD ³QRQ SHUPDQHQ]D´ VWRULFDGLXQPDQXIDWWRQRQSLHVLVWHQWHFUHDQGRQHXQRQXRYR A fronte 6SHFLHDUERUHHSHUOD FKHORULFRUGL ³ULVDUFLWXUD´GHOOHULSH /¶LQWHUUX]LRQHGLXQSHUFRUVRFLFORSHGRQDOHGRYXWRGDOODFHVXUD ERVFDWHHSHU]RQD FUHDWD GD XQD VWUDGD DG DOWD SHUFRUULELOLWj SXz HVVHUH ULVROWR buffer³IUDQJHSHULXUEDQH´ FRQ OD FUHD]LRQH GL URWDWRULH FRQ UHODWLYR DWWUDYHUVDPHQWR FLFORSHGRQDOH VHSDUDWR GDOOD FDUUHJJLDWD VWUDGDOH 7UD OH YDULH WLSRORJLH GL URWDWRULD OD SL RSSRUWXQD q TXHOOD FRQ OD SLVWD FLFODELOH VHSDUDWD VHQ]D SUHFHGHQ]D DOO¶LQFURFLR GDOOD FDUUHJJLDWD8QDVROX]LRQHQRUPDOPHQWHUHDOL]]DWDLQFRQGL]LRQL GLHOHYDWRWUDI¿FRYHLFRODUHLQSUHVHQ]DGLWUDI¿FRSHVDQWHHGL WUDVSRUWRSXEEOLFR4XHVWDYLHQHJHQHUDOPHQWHXVDWDLQVWUDGH H[WUDXUEDQHQHOOHTXDOLODYHORFLWjHLÀXVVLGLDWWUDYHUVDPHQWR YHLFRODUHVRQRSLHOHYDWLULVSHWWRDTXHOOLFLFOLVWLFL8QDURWDWRULD FRQ DWWUDYHUVDPHQWR GLUHWWR GHOOD SLVWD FLFODELOH SUHVHQWD LQYHFH XQD FRQIRUPD]LRQH GLYHUVD ULVSHWWR OH URWDWRULH FRQ GLULWWRGLSUHFHGHQ]D,QIDWWLFRQTXHVWDWLSRORJLDYLHQHIDYRULWD OD ÀXLGLWj GHL VROL FLFOLVWL FKH VYROWDQR D GHVWUD PHQWUH FKL GHYH VYROWDUH D VLQLVWUD q FRVWUHWWR D UDOOHQWDUH H IHUPDUVL LQ FRUULVSRQGHQ]DGHOODFDUUHJJLDWDGHLYHLFROLDPRWRUH /¶HVSDQVLRQH HGLOL]LD FUHD LQHYLWDELOPHQWH LO SUREOHPD GHOOH ³IUDQJHSHULXUEDQH´RVVLDLOOXRJRGRYHFDPSDJQDHSDHVDJJLR DJULFRORVRQRFROOHJDWHHGLQWUHFFLDWHFRQLOFRVWUXLWRGHOODFLWWj 6RQR GHOOH ³]RQH GL FRQ¿QH´ VHQVLELOL WUD OH GXH SDUWL GRYH OD V¿GD WUD VYLOXSSR GHOOD FLWWj H WXWHOD H YDORUL]]D]LRQH GHO SDHVDJJLRDJURQDWXUDOHVLSRQHQHLWHUPLQLSLFULWLFL 2JQLD]LRQHFKHVLSUHYHGHLQTXHVWDIDVFLDGHYHFRQWURELODQFLDUH OH HVWHUQDOLWj DPELHQWDOL QHJDWLYH SURGRWWH GDOO¶HVSDQVLRQH XUEDQD LQ SDUWLFRODUH DWWHQXDQGR O¶LPSDWWR YLVLYR WUD OH DUHH DJULFROHHOHDUHHXUEDQH/¶D]LRQHFDUGLQHGLTXHVWRstandard GLVRVWHQLELOLWjqFRVWLWXLWDGDXQDVHSDUD]LRQHYLVLYDWUDOHGXH IXQ]LRQLPHGLDQWHODFUHD]LRQHGLXQDEDUULHUDYHJHWDOH ]RQD buffer IRUPDWDGDVLHSLHGDUEXVWLDEDVVRIXVWR3HUTXHVWD VROX]LRQH q SRVVLELOH XWLOL]]DUH GHOOH VLHSL DUERUHHDUEXVWLYH

104 105 D VWUXWWXUD PHGLDPHQWH FRPSOHVVD GRYH OD GLPHQVLRQH GHO PRGXOR q GL  [  P  PT  FRQ PHVVD D GLPRUD GL  SLDQWHGLFXLRULHQWDWLYDPHQWHLOGLDOEHULHLOGLDUEXVWL SL PRGXOL GL TXHVWR WLSR LQ VHTXHQ]D OXQJR OH GLUHWWULFL GL FROOHJDPHQWRWUDLVROHQDWXUDOLUHDOL]]DQRXQ³HIIHWWRFRUULGRLR´ /¶LQFRQWUROODWDHVSDQVLRQHHGLOL]LDQHFHVVLWDFRPHVROX]LRQHOD FUHD]LRQHGLXQDEDUULHUDYHJHWDOHIRUPDWDGDSLDQWXPD]LRQLGL PHGLRHGDOWRIXVWR/DGLPHQVLRQHGHOPRGXORGHOOHPDFFKLH DUERUHHqGL[P PT FRQPHVVDDGLPRUDGL SLDQWHGLFXLRULHQWDWLYDPHQWHLOqGLDOEHULHLOGLDUEXVWL ,OPRGXORSUHYHGHGLFROORFDUHJOLDOEHULSUHYDOHQWHPHQWHYHUVR LOFHQWURGHOO¶DUHDHOHSLDQWHDUEXVWLYHYHUVRO¶HVWHUQRODVFLDQGR QHOFRQWRUQRXQ¶DUHDHUEDFHD 8QDVXFFHVVLYDFULWLFLWjULVFRQWUDELOHqOHJDWDDOOHPDQFDQ]HH DOOHGLVFRQWLQXLWjGHOVLVWHPDGHOOHULSHERVFDWH/DVROX]LRQH LSRWL]]DWDqOD³ULVDUFLWXUD´GHOOHVWHVVHPHGLDQWHSLDQWXPD]LRQH GL VSHFLH DUERUHH FRPSDWLELOL /R VWHVVR UDJLRQDPHQWR SXz HVVHUH DSSOLFDWR OXQJR JOL DUJLQL GHL FDPSL DJULFROL FKH PDQWHQJRQROHSURSULHFROWXUHVWRULFKHHOHORURJHRPHWULHQHO WHPSR SRWUDQQR HVVHUH ³FROPDWH´ FRQ GHOOD SLDQWXPD]LRQH GL VSHFLH DUERUHH FRPSDWLELOL LPSOHPHQWDQGR FRVu DQFKH LO ULSRSRODPHQWRGHOO¶DYLIDXQD 6DUHEEH DXVSLFDELOH LQ¿QH SHU UHQGHUH IUXLELOL DO PDJJLRU QXPHURGLXWHQWLLSHUFRUVLFLFORSHGRQDOLO¶LVWLWX]LRQHXQDSSRVLWR VHUYL]LRGLQROHJJLRELFLFOHWWH bikesharing  /HDQDOLVLHOHSUREOHPDWLFKH¿QTXLHQXQFLDWHKDQQRSHUPHVVR GL JLXQJHUH DG XQ SLDQR FRPSOHVVLYR GL YLVLWD H SHUFRUULELOLWj FRPSUHQVLYRGHOOHDUHHQDWXUDOLVWLFKHDUHHDJULFROHHGDPELWL VWRULFRDUFKHRORJLFRDUFKLWHWWRQLFR

%LEOLRJUD¿D

$$99Piccola guida - Lomello(G/LXWSUDQG$VVRFLD]LRQH&XOWXUDOH 3DYLD

$$99Bollettino società pavese di storia patria3DYLD

%ODNH+0DFFDEUXQL&3HDUFH0Ricerche archeologiche a Lomello 3DYLD

%ODNH+0DFFDEUXQL&Lo scavo a villa Maria di Lomello3DYLD

0LQD*Brevi cenni storici della antica città di Lomello/RPHOOR

106 1LJUD&La mansio romana di Lomello(G(&DWWDQHR1RYDUD

3RQWH*Antichità lomelline edite ed illustrate, in “Bollettino della società SDYHVHGLVWRULDSDWULD´3DYLD

7R]]L3Luoghi e memorie storiche in provincia di Pavia(G*XDUGDPDJQD 3DYLD

=HUEL 0 & Il paesaggio rurale: un approccio patrimoniale (G * *LDSSLFKHOOL7RULQR

=XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle origini(G )UDWHOOL%RFFD7RULQR

,WDOLD 1RVWUD  6H]LRQH /RPHOOLQD romanica LQ ³$UFKLYLR ORPHOOLQR´Qƒ

107 Il “progetto colore” del centro storico di Lomello

Margherita Bertoldi, Marta Marletti, Silvia Puglisi - architetti

/¶DSSRUWR YROXPHWULFR GHOOH DUFKLWHWWXUH H LO UXROR QDUUDWLYR GHL IURQWL GH¿QLVFRQR O¶LPSLDQWR XUEDQR GHO FHQWUR VWRULFR ,Q SDUWLFRODUH L SURVSHWWL FRPXQLFDQR HG DYYDORUDQR OH VWUDGH H OH SLD]]H LQ XQ continuum GL PXWD]LRQL H WUDVIRUPD]LRQL QHO WHPSROHLGHQWLWjGHLOXRJKL 1HOODFLWWjFRQWHPSRUDQHDGH¿QLWDFRPHVRPPDWRULDWUDDQWLFR H QXRYR L SURVSHWWL LOOXVWUDQR DQFKH OH JHUDUFKLH GHJOL HGL¿FL QHO SURJHWWR HYROXWLYR GHO FRVWUXLWR $FFDQWR DG HGL¿FL FKH FRQQRWDQRFKLDUDPHQWHXQSHULRGRVWRULFRVLDSHUOD³IRUPD´ FKHSHULVXRLHOHPHQWLFRVWLWXWLYLVLKDQQRDUFKLWHWWXUHLQ³IRUPD SDOLQVHVWD´LQFXLLPDWHULDOLHOHYDULD]LRQLFURPDWLFKHSDOHVDQR le facies GHOWHPSROHPRGHLJXVWLHJOLXVLULQQRYDWL ,UDSSRUWLWUDLFRORULGHOO¶HGL¿FDWRO¶DPELHQWHXUEDQRHODTXDOLWj GHOOD YLWD VRQR RJJHWWR GL QXPHURVL HG DSSURIRQGLWL VWXGL VSHFLDOLVWLFLLOcolore, FKHULFRSUHLSURVSHWWLGHJOLHGL¿FLGDOOH VXHHVSUHVVLRQLHVVHQ]LDOLDTXHOOHGHOOHYDULHJDWHtextures o GHOOH IRUPH DUWLVWLFKHSLWWRULFKH SL HODERUDWH FRQWULEXLVFH D IRUPDUH O¶LPPDJLQH LQWULQVHFD GHL OXRJKL GLYHQHQGR QHL IDWWL XQRGHJOLHOHPHQWLGLIRUWHFDUDWWHUL]]D]LRQHGHLFHQWULDELWDWL

108 A fronte $SDUWLUHGDJOLDQQL6HWWDQWDLQ,WDOLDVLDVVLVWHDGXQDULQQRYDWD Carta Catastale DWWHQ]LRQH DL FHQWUL VWRULFL FKH FRPSRUWD SDUWLFRODUL DWWHQ]LRQL GL/RPHOORGHO &DWDVWR6DEDXGR DOO¶DVSHWWRGHOFRORUHGHOOHDUFKLWHWWXUHHGDOOHORURSUREOHPDWLFKH $UFKLYLRGL6WDWRGL7RULQR FRQVHUYDWLYH

In basso ,O FRORUH GHL IURQWL XQLWDPHQWH DOO¶LQWRQDFR H DO VXR VXSSRUWR 8Q¶LPPDJLQHRGLHUQD YLHQH RJJL FRQVLGHUDWR GRFXPHQWRPRQXPHQWR WHVWLPRQLDQ]D GLSLD]]DGHOOD GL FXOWXUD PDWHULDOH$I¿RUD TXLQGL OD VHQVLELOLWj D UHFHSLUH LO 5HSXEEOLFDD/RPHOOR YDORUH PDWHULDOH PDDQFKHLPPDWHULDOH LUULSHWLELOH GLTXHVWL PDQXIDWWL FKH ULSRUWDQR DG XQD ³FXOWXUD GHO IDUH´ DI¿QDWD QHO WHPSR QRQ ULSURGXFLELOH Ê GXQTXH IRQGDPHQWDOH SHU XQ FRUUHWWRSURJHWWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHGHLIURQWLGLXQQXFOHRGLDQWLFD IRUPD]LRQHORVWXGLRHGLOUHVWDXURGHOOD³PDWHULDVLJQDWD´GHOOH VXHVWUDWL¿FD]LRQLHGHO³FRORUHPDWHULD´FRVuFRPHVRQRVWDWL WUDPDQGDWLGDOWHPSR Nell’elaborazione di un Progetto del Colore di un centro urbano VWRULFRVLGRYUjWHQHUFRQWRDQFKHGHOODPHPRULDSHUFHWWLYDGHL FLWWDGLQLJXLGDWDGDDELWXGLQLHWUDGL]LRQLFRQVROLGDWHFKHULFRUGD H UDPPHQWD L ELVRJQL GL GLIIHUHQ]LD]LRQH H GL ULFRQRVFLELOLWj SURSUL GHOO¶XQLYHUVR SULYDWR 3HUWDQWR q EHQH HYLWDUH SURJHWWL GL WLSR LPSRVLWLYR LQ FXL FRORUL H FULWHUL GL DSSOLFD]LRQH VRQR VWDELOLWL LQ PRGR XQLYRFR H LQGHURJDELOH 1HO OLQJXDJJLR VWLOLVWLFR GL XQ¶DUFKLWHWWXUD O¶HOHPHQWR FURPDWLFR q GD FRQVLGHUDUVLXQDFRPSRQHQWH IRQGDPHQWDOH QRQ VROR SHU O¶DUFKLWHWWXUD VWHVVD PD DQFKH SHU OD GH¿QL]LRQH GHOO¶LPPDJLQH GHOOD FLWWj FKH PXWD QHO WHPSR QRQ VROR LQ YLUW GHOOH WUDVIRUPD]LRQL ³SURJHWWDWH´ PD DQFKH a seguito delle inevitabili PRGL¿FKHGHLSURVSHWWLVWHVVL dovuti ai degradi e ai necessari LQWHUYHQWLGLUHVWDXUR/¶LQFXULD QHOOH PDQXWHQ]LRQL GHJOL HGL¿FL H VSHVVR OD FDUHQ]D GL FRRUGLQDPHQWR QHJOL LQWHUYHQWL GD SDUWH GHJOL HQWL ORFDOL LQÀXLVFRQR LQ PRGR negativo non solo sull’estetica GHOO¶LPPDJLQH XUEDQD PD DQFKHVXOODTXDOLWjGHOODYLWD

109 110 A fronte VWUHWWRqLQIDWWLLOUDSSRUWRWUDGHJUDGRXUEDQRHVRFLDOH&RQ &RQIURQWRHGDQDOLVLWUD DGHJXDWH ³OLQHH JXLGD´ q SRVVLELOH GLVFLSOLQDUH OD JHVWLRQH le Carte Catastali del H GHJOLLQWHUYHQWLVXOFRVWUXLWRLQPRGRFRRUGLQDWRDI¿DQFDQGRVL DOOH 17$ GHL 3*7 H DL UHJRODPHQWL HGLOL]L /D ¿QDOLWj q O¶LQGLYLGXD]LRQHGHLUXROLHGHOOHFRPSHWHQ]HSHUXQDJHVWLRQH GL PDQXWHQ]LRQH SURJUDPPDWD FRQ ³EXRQH SUDWLFKH´ FRVu GDJDUDQWLUHODFRHUHQ]DGHOSURJHWWRQHOWHPSR3HUFLzFKH FRQFHUQHODFRQVHUYD]LRQHGHOODVSHFL¿FLWjGHOFRORUHFRPH IHQRPHQRGLQDPLFRHLQFRQWLQXDHYROX]LRQHYDFRQVLGHUDWR FKH O¶RULJLQDULD DUPRQLD GDWD GDOOD FRHUHQ]D WUD FRORUH PDWHULDHOHPHQWR DUFKLWHWWRQLFR q PHVVD D ULVFKLR DQFKH H VRSUDWWXWWRGDXQRGLHUQRLPSLHJRGLSURGRWWLLQGXVWULDOL]]DWL VSHVVR LQFRPSDWLELOL FRQ OH FRORULWXUH VWRULFKH 6L ULWLHQH TXLQGLQHFHVVDULDXQ¶DSSURIRQGLWDULFHUFDVXOODSURJHWWXDOLWj GHOFRORUHHVXOOHQRUPHG¶LQWHUYHQWR /¶DFFRJOLPHQWRGLTXHVWDPHWRGRORJLDQHOO¶RSHUDWLYLWjGHLFHQWUL VWRULFLqDWWXDOPHQWHUHVDRSHUDWLYDGDOSXQWRGLYLVWDQRUPDWLYR JUD]LHDO³3LDQRGHOOH5HJROH´FRQULIHULPHQWRDTXDQWRVWDELOLWR GHOOD/HJJH5HJLRQDOH7DOH3LDQR, oltre ad individuare LQXFOHLGLDQWLFDIRUPD]LRQHHDGLGHQWL¿FDUHLEHQLDPELHQWDOL HVWRULFRDUWLVWLFRPRQXPHQWDOLGH¿QLVFH“… OHFDUDWWHULVWLFKH ¿VLFRPRUIRORJLFKH FKH FRQQRWDQR O¶HVLVWHQWH GD ULVSHWWDUH LQFDVRGLHYHQWXDOLLQWHUYHQWLLQWHJUDWLYLRVRVWLWXWLYLQRQFKp OH PRGDOLWj GL LQWHUYHQWR DQFKH PHGLDQWH SLDQL¿FD]LRQH DWWXDWLYDRSHUPHVVRGLFRVWUXLUHFRQYHQ]LRQDWRQHOULVSHWWR GHOO¶LPSLDQWR XUEDQR HVLVWHQWH HG L FULWHUL GL YDORUL]]D]LRQH GHJOLLPPRELOLYLQFRODWL” DUW 

Per un “Progetto del Colore”: metodologia ed analisi

/DQRUPDWLYDFRPXQDOHUHJRODPHQWDJOLLQWHUYHQWLVXJOLHGL¿FL GLSLD]]DGHOOD5HSXEEOLFDD/RPHOORLQGLFDYDULHSRVVLELOLWj GLVFHOWDFRORULPHWULFDGHOOHWLQWHJJLDWXUHVHQ]DSHUzHQWUDUH QHO GHWWDJOLR VXOOR VSHVVRUH GHOOD ³PDWHULDFRORUH´ LQWHVD FRPHVRPPDWRULDGLGLYHUVLVWUDWL VXSSRUWRULQ]DIIR¿QLWXUD YHODWXUH HWF  WXWWL HJXDOPHQWH GL LQWHUHVVH SHU XQ SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH H GL PDQXWHQ]LRQH SURJUDPPDWD /¶LQWHQWR GHOQXRYR³3URJHWWRGHO&RORUH´FKHTXLVLSUHVHQWDqTXHOOR GL SUHYHGHUH ³OLQHH JXLGD´ GL LQWHUYHQWR VSHFL¿FKH SHU JOL VSD]LXUEDQLSHUOHDUFKLWHWWXUHHOH“VXSHU¿FLPDWHULFKH´FKH OH FDUDWWHUL]]DQR QRQFKp GL IRUQLUH XQD JDPPD GL FURPLH DSSOLFDELOL DL IURQWL H DL ORUR HOHPHQWL FRVWLWXWLYL TXDOL ULOLHYL

111 In basso LQ PXUDWXUD DJJHWWL PRGDQDWXUH OHVHQH HWF  HOHPHQWL ,QTXDGUDPHQWR OLJQHL SHUVLDQHDYYROJLELOLHWF HPHWDOOLFL LQIHUULDWHFDELQH Piazza della 5HSXEEOLFD/RPHOOR WHFQLFKH HWF  ,O SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQHULTXDOL¿FD]LRQH FRVuFRQ¿JXUDWRVLEDVDVXXQDDUWLFRODWDUDFFROWDGLGDWLVX A fronte IDVLGLHODERUD]LRQHHGLQWHUSUHWD]LRQLDQDOLWLFKHULJXDUGDQWLOD 3URVSHWWRIURQWHQRUG DQDOLVLWLSR OHWWXUDGHLUDSSRUWLLQWHUFRUUHQWLWUDJOLHGL¿FLHLOORURFRQWHVWR O¶LQGLYLGXD]LRQH GHOOH FRPSRQHQWL DUFKLWHWWRQLFKH PDWHULFKH H GHL GHJUDGL LO UXROR GHOOH GHVWLQD]LRQL G¶XVR ULVSHWWR DOOH YRFD]LRQL GHJOL HGL¿FL O¶LOOXPLQD]LRQH VRODUH GHJOL VWHVVL ULVSHWWR DOOH GLYHUVH IDVFH RUDULH H VWDJLRQDOL FRQVLGHUDQGR O¶LQÀXHQ]DGHJOLHGL¿FLFRQWLJXL

112 Fasi di rilievo

/H YDULH IDVL GL ULOLHYR VRQR VWDWH svolte in collaborazione con il “Laboratorio di Diagnostica SHU OD &RQVHUYD]LRQH H 5LXVR GHO &RVWUXLWR´ 'LSDUWLPHQWR GL $UFKLWHWWXUD H 6WXGL 8UEDQL GHO 3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQR ,O ULOLHYR FRVWLWXLVFH XQ PRPHQWR IRQGDPHQWDOH SHU OD FRQRVFHQ]D GHL PDQXIDWWL DUFKLWHWWRQLFL UHVWLWXLVFHLQIDWWLDWWUDYHUVRPLVXUH JHRPHWULFKH OD FRQ¿JXUD]LRQH HVDWWDGHOODSLD]]DHGHLSURVSHWWL HOHPHQWLGLEDVHLQGLVSHQVDELOLSHU PDSSDUHWXWWLLGDWLGHOOHDQDOLVL /HRSHUD]LRQLGLULOLHYRVRQRVWDWH HIIHWWXDWHPHGLDQWH6WD]LRQH7RWDOH LaserFROPHWRGRGHOOHSROLJRQDOL 3HU RJQL SURVSHWWR VRQR VWDWL LQGLYLGXDWL GHL SXQWL QRWHYROL SHU LO FRQWUROOR GHO UDGGUL]]DPHQWR IRWRJUD¿FR 7DOL HODERUDWL JUD¿FL VRQR VWDWL XWLOL]]DWL FRPH EDVH SHU LO VXFFHVVLYR ULOLHYR PDWHULFR SDWRORJLFR 3ULPD GL DIIURQWDUH QHOORVSHFL¿FRLOULOLHYRGHOFRORUH VL q SURFHGXWR DOOD VWHVXUD GL XQ PRGHOOR GL OHWWXUD GHL SURVSHWWL DOORVFRSRGLLQGLYLGXDUHOHVLQJROH XQLWjDUFKLWHWWRQLFKHHGLDQDOL]]DUH OD VFDQVLRQH LQ SURIRQGLWj GHL IURQWL DJJHWWL ORJJH IRQGL YXRWL etc.  SRQHQGR DWWHQ]LRQH DOOD PRGXOD]LRQH GHL SURVSHWWL H GHJOL HOHPHQWL FRVWUXWWLYL (¶ VWDWR SRL HIIHWWXDWR LO ULFRQRVFLPHQWR GHJOL HOHPHQWL FKH FDUDWWHUL]]DQR L SURVSHWWL H FKH LQWHUDJLVFRQR LQ PRGRQRQVHFRQGDULRLQXQDYLVLRQH FRPSOHVVLYDDGHVHPSLREDOFRQL PHQVROH FRUQLFL OLQHDUL FRUQLFL

113 DQJRODUL FRUQLFL PDUFDSLDQR FRUQLFL VRWWRJURQGD GDYDQ]DOL GHFRUD]LRQLSLWWRULFKH¿QHVWUHSRUWHJUDGLQLJURQGHLQIHUULDWH HOHPHQWLPHWDOOLFLSHUVLDQHDYYROJLELOL]RFFRODWXUHHWF8Q¶DOWUD IDVH DQDOLWLFD KD ULJXDUGDWR LO ULOLHYR GL ³HOHPHQWL LPSLDQWLVWLFL HG DUUHGL´ FRPSRQHQWL QHFHVVDUL SHU ULVSRQGHUH DOOH QXRYH H VHPSUH FUHVFHQWL HVLJHQ]H GL DGHJXDPHQWR WHFQRORJLFR GHWWDWHGDOOHDWWXDOLQRUPDWLYHGDLQXRYLELVRJQLGHOODVRFLHWj FRQWHPSRUDQHD R GDL PRGHOOL GL FRQVXPR 4XHVWL HOHPHQWL VSHVVR QRQ VRQR RJJHWWR GL XQD SURJHWWD]LRQH FRRUGLQDWD H SLDQL¿FDWD DOOD VFDOD XUEDQD PD VL LQVHULVFRQR LQ XQD ORJLFD VFHOWD OLEHUDPHQWH GD RJQL VLQJROD SURSULHWj D YROWH SRFR FRHUHQWHFRQOHVSHFL¿FLWjGHLPDQXIDWWLVWRULFRDUFKLWHWWRQLFL 6L q SRWXWR LQIDWWL RVVHUYDUH FRPH WDOL FRPSRQHQWL DJJLXQWH VHJXRQR VRODPHQWH ORJLFKH IXQ]LRQDOL HR HFRQRPLFKH JHQHUDQGRVSHVVRVLWXD]LRQLGLLQFRQJUXHQ]DHGLVRUGLQH /D FRQRVFHQ]D GHWWDJOLDWD GHL PDWHULDOL FRVWLWXWLYL OR VWXGLR GHO GHJUDGRGLVVHVWR H GHL IHQRPHQLFKLPLFLH¿VLFLFXLVRQR VRWWRSRVWL JOL HGL¿FL GHO FHQWUR VWRULFR QRQFKp GHOOH FRQGL]LRQL DPELHQWDOLFKHSRVVRQRLQÀXLUHVX GLHVVLFRQVHQWRQRGLDIIURQWDUHL SUREOHPL GHO UHVWDXUR D SDUWLUH GDXQDSSURFFLRPXOWLGLVFLSOLQDUH YDOXWDQGRQH LQ PRGR FRPSLXWR O¶HI¿FDFLD GL SRVVLELOL LQWHUYHQWL FRQVHUYDWLYL 1RQ VROR LQGLYLGXDUH OH SUREOHPDWLFKH GHOOD FRQVHUYD]LRQH SXz PHWWHUHQHOOHFRQGL]LRQLGLVDSHU JRYHUQDUH LQ IXWXUR LO FRQWUROOR GHOOHPDQXWHQ]LRQLSHULRGLFKH La valutazione dello stato GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH PDWHULFD GHL SURVSHWWL GL SLD]]D GHOOD 5HSXEEOLFD q VWDWD FRQGRWWD VHJXHQGR OH 5DFFRPDQGD]LRQL 81, 1250$/  WUDPLWH XQ¶DWWHQWD RVVHUYD]LRQH GHLPDQXIDWWLVHQ]DO¶DSSRUWRGL LQGDJLQLGLODERUDWRULRVRQRVWDWL ULOHYDWL L PDWHULDOL FRVWLWXWLYL H OD ORURPDSSDWXUD ULOLHYRPDWHULFR 

114 A fronte OH GLYHUVH IRUPH GL DOWHUD]LRQH SUHVHQWL YDOXWDWH LQ UHOD]LRQH 6FKHGDSHULOULOLHYR DOODVSHFL¿FLWjGHOFRQWHVWRDPELHQWDOH ULOLHYRSDWRORJLFR  VWUDWLJUD¿FRHGHOFRORUH Sulla base delle acquisizioni così conseguite sono state In basso HIIHWWXDWH LQ VHJXLWR GHOOH LSRWHVL VXOOH FDXVH GHOOH GLYHUVH 3URVSHWWRIURQWHVXG SDWRORJLH HG q VWDWR SURSRVWR XQ LQWHUYHQWR ¿QDOL]]DWR DOOD DQDOLVLWLSR ULTXDOL¿FD]LRQHGHLIURQWLFRQWHQHQGRGDXQODWRO¶LQDUUHVWDELOH GHJUDGR ¿VLFR GHL PDWHULDOL FRQ LQWHUYHQWL GL PDQXWHQ]LRQH RUGLQDULDHVWUDRUGLQDULDGDOO¶DOWURSUHGLVSRQHQGR³OLQHHJXLGD´ SHUXQDYHUL¿FDVXOOHSRVVLELOLWUDVIRUPD]LRQLIXWXUH

115 0ROWLGHJOLLQWHUYHQWLPLQRUL VRVWLWX]LRQHGLSHUVLDQHGLLQ¿VVL QXRYH WHWWRLH HWF  SRVVRQR DOWHUDUH LQ PRGR VLJQL¿FDWLYR O¶DVSHWWR G¶LQVLHPH GL XQD VLQJROD XQLWj DUFKLWHWWRQLFD H VH VRPPDWDDGDOWUHPRGL¿FD]LRQLLOFRQWHVWRQHOTXDOHO¶XQLWjq LQVHULWD $TXHVWLVLDJJLXQJDQROHSRVVLELOLLQFRQJUXHQ]HSLLQYDVLYH GHPROL]LRQL QRQ PRWLYDWH R VRVWLWX]LRQL GL FRQVLGHUHYROL SDUWL DXPHQWL GL YROXPHWULH FUHD]LRQH GL LQWHUL HGL¿FL DFFHVVRUL WXWWRFLzqDYROWHGRYXWRDOODPDQFDQ]DGLFRQVDSHYROH]]DGHO YDORUHVWRULFRPRQXPHQWDOHLQWULQVHFRLQRJQLVLQJRORHOHPHQWR FRVWLWXWLYRGHOO¶HGLOL]LDGLIIXVD

Rilievo cromatico

,O&RPXQHGL/RPHOORKDULSRUWDWRXQ¶DQDOLVLGHOORVWDWRGLIDWWR GHL SURVSHWWL GHO FHQWUR VWRULFR H XQR VWXGLR GHO FRORUH FKH LQGLFD QHOOD ³JDPPD GHOOH WHUUH´ O¶XQLFD VFHOWD SRVVLELOH SHU XQ¶HYHQWXDOHWLQWHJJLDWXUD /¶RELHWWLYRGHO3URJHWWRGHO&RORUHGHOQXFOHRVWRULFRGL/RPHOOR VLSHQVDGHEEDFRQVHJXLUHLOJLXVWRHTXLOLEULRWUDODYRORQWjGL FRQVHUYD]LRQHGHOOHDUFKLWHWWXUH¿QLWXUHOHWWHLQTXDQWR³FXOWXUD PDWHULDOH´HODQHFHVVLWjGLULQQRYDPHQWRXUEDQLVWLFRWHQHQGR FRQWR GHL UDSSRUWL WUD IURQWL FRQWLJXL HG RSSRVWL GHO FRQWHVWR GL SDYLPHQWD]LRQH GL IDWWRUL WLSRORJLFL H GL RULHQWDPHQWR OXFHRPEUD  GL LQVHULPHQWR DPELHQWDOH XQLWj ERWDQLFKH H ORUR WUDVIRUPD]LRQL  GL IDWWRUL VWRULFL H G¶XVR /D ¿QDOLWj q OD UHDOL]]D]LRQHGLXQRVWUXPHQWRRSHUDWLYRFKHSRVVDFRGL¿FDUHOD SLLGRQHD³FRQGL]LRQHFURPDWLFD´SHURJQLXQLWjDUFKLWHWWRQLFD

116 A fronte HSURSRUUH³OLQHHJXLGD´SHULIXWXULLQWHUYHQWLQHFHVVDULLQPRGR ,VWRJUDPPLUHODWLYLDOOD XQLWDULRHFRHUHQWH GLIIHUHQ]DGLOXPLQRVLWj HVDWXUD]LRQH ǻ/ǻ6 /¶LQVLHPHGHLGDWLUDFFROWLin situGHOORVWDWRGLIDWWRqVWDWRULSRUWDWR ULOHYDWDVXL³IRQGL´ VX GXH WLSL GL VFKHGH WHFQLFKH FRQWHQHQWL WXWWH OH LQGLFD]LRQL DWWUDYHUVRLOFRQIURQWR QHFHVVDULH DOOD VWHVXUD GHOOH WDYROH PDWHULFRSDWRORJLFKH H L GHL³FRGLFLFRORUH´ ,QRUGLQDWDqULSRUWDWR ULIHULPHQWLVWUDWLJUD¿FLHFRORULPHWULFLDWWLDOODFRUUHWWDGH¿QL]LRQH il quantitativo di GHO ³PRGHOOR FURPDWLFR´ SHU RJQL VLQJROD ¿QLWXUD (¶ VWDWR ³IRQGL´ULOHYDWLLQXQLWj DQFKHQHFHVVDULRULOHYDUHO¶LQGLFD]LRQHRUDULDGLULOLHYRFRVuGD DUFKLWHWWRQLFKHFRQWLJXH e in ascissa l’intervallo UHOD]LRQDUHODVLWXD]LRQHGLOXFHRPEUDDOODVXFFHVVLRQHGHOOHRUH UDSSUHVHQWDWLYRGHOOD GLXUQH,OULOLHYRin situqVWDWRFRPSLXWRWUDPLWHPHWRGRGLUHWWR GLIIHUHQ]DGLOXPLQRVLWj XWLOL]]DQGR O¶RFFKLR XPDQR FRPH VWUXPHQWR SHU GH¿QLUH XQ e saturazione ad essi ULIHULWR FRQIURQWRFRQXQDJDPPDFDPSLRQHGLULIHULPHQWR,OULIHULPHQWR FURPDWLFR DVVXQWR q OD VFDOD 0XQVHOO1 FKH RIIUH FURPLH QHO In basso range GHOOH WHUUH TXHVWD q LQIDWWL XVDWD QHOOD FRQVHUYD]LRQH ,VWRJUDPPLUHODWLYL DOODGLIIHUHQ]DGL GHOOH¿QLWXUHQHLFHQWULVWRULFL/D0XQVHOOqLQROWUHDGDWWDSHU tonalità rilevata sui XQDVXFFHVVLYDHODERUD]LRQHGHO³FRGLFHFRORUH´,GDWLUDFFROWL ³IRQGL´/DGLIIHUHQ]D PHGLDQWHLOFDPSLRQDPHQWRGHOOHFURPLHGHL³IRQGL´HGHL³ULOLHYL´ GLWRQDOLWjqVWDWD FKHFRVWLWXLVFRQRLIURQWLGHOODSLD]]DVRQRVWDWLSRLFRQYHUWLWLLQ individuata calcolando 2 la corda congiungente ³FRGLFLFRORUH´FRVWLWXLWLGDWUHYDULDELOLVHFRQGRODVFDOD1&6 : LYDORULULIHULWLDGXH ‡ OXPLQRVLWjGH¿QLVFHODTXDQWLWjGLOXFHULÀHVVDGDXQFRORUH ³FRGLFHFRORUH´GL ‡ VDWXUD]LRQH FRQVLVWH QHOOD PLVXUD]LRQH GHOOD LQWHQVLWj GL ³IRQGL´FRQWLJXL ,QRUGLQDWDqULSRUWDWR FRORUH il quantitativo di ‡ WRQDOLWjHVSULPHLOFDUDWWHUHGHOFRORUH ³IRQGL´ULOHYDWLLQXQLWj /¶RSSRUWXQLWj GL VFLQGHUH WUH YDULDELOL FRVWLWXHQWL LO FRORUH DUFKLWHWWRQLFKHFRQWLJXH e in ascissa l’intervallo RIIHUWD GD WDOH VFDOD FURPDWLFD KD UHVR SRVVLELOH LO FRQIURQWR UDSSUHVHQWDWLYRGHOOD WUDL³FRGLFLFRORUH´ULVSHWWRDOODOXPLQRVLWjDOODVDWXUD]LRQHH GLIIHUHQ]DGLWRQDOLWj DOOD WRQDOLWj FDOFRODQGRQH OD GLIIHUHQ]D GL LQWHUYDOOR LQ YDORUH DGHVVLULIHULWR DVVROXWR ǻ/ǻ6Hǻ7 

1 Munsell Color Communication Products 2 1DWXUDO&RORU6LVWHP

117 , GDWL UDFFROWL LQ LVWRJUDPPL UDSSUHVHQWDQR OD FDVLVWLFD GL LQWHUYDOOLULJXDUGDQWLOXPLQRVLWjHVDWXUD]LRQHULOHYDWLSHUL³IRQGL´ SDUWL LQ QHJDWLYR ULVSHWWR DO SLDQR YROXPHWULFR SHU HVHPSLR OH ORJJH HL³ULOLHYL´ SHUHVHPSLRJOLDJJHWWL LQGLYLGXDWLQHOOHXQLWj DUFKLWHWWRQLFKHFRQWLJXHDOO¶LQWHUQRGLXQXQLFRIURQWHÊTXLQGL VWDWR LQGLYLGXDWR LO SL IUHTXHQWH LQWHUYDOOR XQLWDULR  ·   LQGLFDWLYRGHOOHGLIIHUHQ]HGLOXPLQRVLWjHVDWXUD]LRQHGHL³IRQGL´ HGHL³ULOLHYL´QHFHVVDULRSHUHIIHWWXDUHLQXQDHYHQWXDOHVHGHGL SURJHWWRYDOXWD]LRQLVXOFRORUH WDEHOODVRWWRVWDQWH  3HU TXDQWR ULJXDUGD OD GHWHUPLQD]LRQH GHJOL DFFRVWDPHQWL GL FRORUH ULVSHWWR DOOD WRQDOLWj VL q RSHUDWR PHGLDQWH LO FDOFROR

118 A fronte GHOOD FRUGD FKH XQLVFH GXH ³FRGLFHFRORUH´ DOO¶LQWHUQR GHOOD Modellazione FLUFRQIHUHQ]DGLEDVHFKHFRVWLWXLVFHLOPRGHOORWULGLPHQVLRQDOH WULGLPHQVLRQDOHGL SLD]]DGHOOD5HSXEEOLFD GHOVLVWHPD1&6 FRQIURQWRWUDORVWDWR DWWXDOH DVLQLVWUD H ODVLPXOD]LRQHGHOOD SURSRVWDGLSURJHWWR Proposte di intervento SHUODULTXDOL¿FD]LRQH GHLIURQWL DGHVWUD  /HFURPLHVRQRVWDWHLQGLYLGXDWHDGRWWDQGRLOFULWHULRGLVFHOWDWUD Il Progetto del Colore TXLULSRUWDWRUDI¿JXUD WRQDOLWjQHOOD³JDPPDGHOOHWHUUH´QHOULVSHWWRGHOrange FURPDWLFR VRODPHQWHXQDGHOOH ULOHYDWR TXLQGL OH XQLFKH YDULD]LRQL SURSRVWH ULJXDUGDQR OD LQ¿QLWHSRVVLELOLWjGL GLPLQX]LRQH R O¶DXPHQWR GHL YDORUL FKH HVSULPRQR OH YDULDELOL scelta tra le diverse WRQDOLWjRJQXQDFRQOD OXPLQRVLWjHVDWXUD]LRQH9HQJRQRLQROWUHSURSRVWHSLJDPPH SURSULDVDWXUD]LRQHH GLFRPELQD]LRQLFURPDWLFKHSHURJQLXQLWjDUFKLWHWWRQLFDODVFLDQGR OXPLQRVLWj DL SURSULHWDUL OD SRVVLELOLWj GL HIIHWWXDUH YDOXWD]LRQL SHUVRQDOL LQ PHULWR DOOD VFHOWD FURPDWLFD SHU OD ULWLQWHJJLDWXUD GHL IURQWL,Q SDUWLFRODUH OH ³OLQHH JXLGD´ SHU LO IURQWH QRUG SURSRQJRQR SHU L ³IRQGL´WLQWHSLVFXUHGDOPRPHQWRFKHLOSURVSHWWRHVSRVWRDVXG ULVHQWHGLSUREOHPDWLFKHOHJDWHDOULÀHVVRGHOODOXFHVRSUDWWXWWR QHOOHRUHSLFDOGHGHOODJLRUQDWDWDOHDFFRUJLPHQWRqGDRWWHQHUH PHGLDQWHXQDGLPLQX]LRQHGHOYDORUHXQLWDULRGHOODOXPLQRVLWjGL XQLWj7DOHIHQRPHQRqDFFHQWXDWRGDOO¶DVVHQ]DGLHOHPHQWL FKHFUHLQRXQDFRUUHWWDRPEUHJJLDWXUDGHOIURQWH6LqFHUFDWRGL DUPRQL]]DUHOHWRQDOLWjGHLSURVSHWWLGHOODWRQRUGFRQTXHOOLGHO ODWRVXGGHOODSLD]]DGLPLQXHQGRLOYDORUHXQLWDULRLQGLFDWLYRGHOOD GLIIHUHQ]DGLWRQDOLWjGLXQLWj6LSURSRQJRQRSHUL³ULOLHYL´ FURPLHFRQXQDJUDGD]LRQHGLOXPLQRVLWjPDJJLRUHLQFRQWUDVWR FRQL³IRQGL´3HUL³YXRWL´ SRUWHH¿QHVWUH VLSUHVFULYRQRFURPLH FRQ XQD JUDGD]LRQH GL OXPLQRVLWj PDJJLRUH ,O IURQWH VXG q FRQWUDGGLVWLQWRGDOODFRPSUHVHQ]DGLPROWHSOLFLFURPLHLQUHOD]LRQH DOOH VLQJROH XQLWj DELWDWLYH /D SURSRVWD q TXHOOD GL DVVHJQDUH WRQDOLWj GLYHUVH LQ EDVH DOOH XQLWj DUFKLWHWWRQLFKH /DGGRYH DO FRQWUDULR GXH XQLWj SUHVHQWLQR OD VWHVVD WRQDOLWj TXHVW¶XOWLPD YHUUj PDQWHQXWD LPPXWDWD GLIIHUHQ]LDQGRQH OD OXPLQRVLWj H OD VDWXUD]LRQH VHPSUH QHOO¶LQWHUYDOOR GL  XQLWj 3HU O¶HGL¿FLR VLWXDWR D VXG ULVSHWWR DOOD H[ &KLHVD GL 6DQ 5RFFR VL SUHYHGH XQLQFUHPHQWRGHOYDORUHGHOODOXPLQRVLWjGDOPRPHQWRFKHQRQ JRGHPDLGLOXFHGLUHWWDSHUODSUHVHQ]DGHOODFKLHVDVWHVVD

5HVWLWXL]LRQHJUD¿FD'

*UD]LH DOOD FROODERUD]LRQH FRQ LO ³/DERUDWRULR GL 9LUWXDO 3URWRW\SLQJ  5HYHUVH 0RGHOLQJ´ 'LSDUWLPHQWR ,1'$&2 GHO

119 3ROLWHFQLFR GL 0LODQR q VWDWR SRVVLELOH HIIHWWXDUH YDOXWD]LRQL FULWLFKH PHGLDQWH OD UHDOL]]D]LRQH GL XQ PRGHOOR GLJLWDOH WULGLPHQVLRQDOH ÊVWDWRLQROWUHPRQWDWRXQYLGHRGHOO¶LQWHURDPELWRGLVWXGLRVLD GHOORVWDWRGLIDWWRVLDGRSRJOLLQWHUYHQWLSURSRVWL /¶LPSLHJRGHOODWHFQRORJLDLQIRUPDWLFDqVHPSUHSLDXVSLFDELOH SHU OD FRVWUX]LRQH GL PRGHOOL LQWHUSUHWDWLYL GHL IHQRPHQL GL GHJUDGR LQ DWWR SHU OD UDSSUHVHQWD]LRQH GHOOR VWDWR GL IDWWR JUD]LHDULOLHYLSDUWLFRODUHJJLDWLHGLQ¿QHSHUODVLPXOD]LRQHGHO SURJHWWRYLUWXDOH6LRWWLHQHFRVuXQSLHI¿FDFHFRQWUROORGHOOH IDVLDQDOLWLFKHHSURJHWWXDOLFRQDQFKHODSRVVLELOLWjGHOODPHVVD DSXQWRGLXQIXWXURMasterplanSHUODJHVWLRQHGHLEHQLFXOWXUDOL L³3URJHWWLFRORUH´HSHULSLDQLGLULTXDOL¿FD]LRQHXUEDQD

Conclusioni

,EHQLFXOWXUDOLHGDPELHQWDOLVRQRXQDYHUDHSURSULDULVRUVD OD YDORUL]]D]LRQH GHL IURQWL VWRULFL H OD ULTXDOL¿FD]LRQH GHJOL VSD]L FRPXQL VH DGHJXDWDPHQWH FRQWUROODWH SRVVRQR IRUQLUH XQVLJQL¿FDWLYRFRQWULEXWRDOORVYLOXSSRGHOO¶HFRQRPLDORFDOHHG DOUHFXSHURGHOO¶LGHQWLWjSURSULDGHOFHQWURVWRULFR7DOHLGHQWLWj SXzHVVHUHULQQRYDWDDQFKHJUD]LHDGXQSURFHVVRFROODERUDWLYR WUD JOL DWWRUL FRLQYROWL SXEEOLFL H SULYDWL DWWUDYHUVR LO ORUR UXROR DWWLYR QRQ VROR QHOOH IDVL FRQRVFLWLYH PD DQFKH HVHFXWLYH H GL JHVWLRQH GHO 3URJHWWR GHO &RORUH &RQ O¶DSSOLFD]LRQH GL PHWRGRORJLH LQQRYDWLYH QXRYH WHFQRORJLH H QXRYL SURWRFROOL  VLDVXOIURQWHGHOODFRQVHUYD]LRQHHULXVRVLDVXOIURQWHGHOOD JHVWLRQHGHOODGLIIXVLRQHHGHOODIUXL]LRQHVLSXzDUULYDUHDOOD FUHD]LRQHGLLQWHUIDFFHFXOWXUDOLHGRSHUDWLYHVXOWHUULWRULRXWLOL ROWUHFKHDGXQDYDQ]DPHQWRQHOODULFHUFDVFLHQWL¿FDDQFKHDG XQQRWHYROHPLJOLRUDPHQWRGHOODTXDOLWjGLYLWD

%LEOLRJUD¿D

$$99Visual and Haptic Urban Design(G0DJJLROL0LODQR

%DO]DQL 0 I componenti del paesaggio urbano. Colore: dal rilievo al progetto del colore per la scena urbana(G0DJJLROL5LPLQL

%HUWROGL 0 0DUOHWWL 0 3XJOLVL 6 5HODWRUH %RULDQL 0 &RUUHODWRUL %RUWRORWWR67RQLROR/Progetto di riuso della ex chiesa di San Rocco e ULTXDOL¿FD]LRQHGL3LD]]D5HSXEEOLFD/RPHOOR 39 DD

120 %LVFRQWLQ*Considerazioni sugli orientamenti delle indagini analitiche per ORVWXGLRGHOOH¿QLWXUHDUFKLWHWWRQLFKHLQ$$99³6XSHU¿FLGHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUD OH ¿QLWXUH´ LQ $WWL GHO &RQYHJQR GL 6WXGL %UHVVDQRQH SS  (G /LEUHULD3URJHWWR3DGRYD

%RULDQL0*LDPEUXQR0Il “colore” della città storica. Ricerche e studi per la conservazione ed il progetto del decoro urbanoLQ&%RHUL DFXUD GL Colore(G,'&&RORXU&HQWUH0LODQR

%RUWRORWWR6&HFRQHOOR0%HUWROGL00DUOHWWL03XJOLVL6’Progetto GHOFRORUH¶HULTXDOL¿FD]LRQHXUEDQDGHOFHQWURVWRULFRGL/RPHOOR 39 LQ 05RVVL DFXUDGL Colore e colorimetria. Contributi multidisciplinariSS (G0DJJLROL5LPLQL

%RUWRORWWR6*LDPEUXQR0Dal piano del colore al progetto per il colore: linee guida per le coloriture dei fronti urbani storiciLQ$$99I colori in architetturaSS(G,NRQ0LODQR

%ULQR*3HOL]]RQH(%XVVHWWL34XDJOLD*5LFDOGRQH%Il piano del colore di Alessandria: l’area centrale(G,GHD%RRNV0LODQR

&DPSDQHOOD & Opere di conservazione e restauro(G,O6ROH RUH 0LODQR

&RGHOOR 5 Il costruito a colori. Panoramica di indirizzi ed esperienze normativeLQ³5HFXSHUDUH´Q

&RGHOOR5Gli intonaci. Conoscenza e conservazione(G$OLQHD)LUHQ]H 

&RUVLQL 6 7ULYHOOD ) Manuale del colore delle facciate (G 'DULR )ODFFRYLR3DOHUPR

'H]]L %DUGHVFKL 0 Conservare, non manomettere l’esistente: O¶LQVRVWHQLELOHµVDFUL¿FLR¶GL3DROR0DUFRQLLQ³5HFXSHUDUH´Q

)DO]RQH3*DOLPEHUWL9*DVSDUROL36RUR5Il Progetto del colore(G (UJD*HQRYD

)DO]RQH3 DFXUDGL Colore architettura ambiente(G.DSSD5RPD 

*HOVRPLQR / Recupero edilizio. Il colore e l’ambiente costruito (G $OLQHD)LUHQ]H

2OLDUR$ DFXUDGL 1RYDUD(G$OLQHD)LUHQ]H

3H]]ROD5Il piano del colore. Coloriture nel centro storico di Morbegno, di Morbegno(G$OLQHD)LUHQ]H

121 5HJLRQH &DPSDQLD /HJJH 5HJLRQDOH &DPSDQLD  1RUPH H incentivi per la valorizzazione dei centri storici della Campania e per la catalogazione dei beni ambientali di qualità paesistica

5HJLRQH/LJXULDLegge Regionale Liguria 26/2003 Città a colori

5HJLRQH/RPEDUGLDLa conservazione del patrimonio storico architettonico (G*XHULQLH$VVRFLDWL0LODQR

6FDU]HOOD 3 =HUELQDWWL 0 6XSHU¿FL PXUDULH GHOO¶HGLOL]LD VWRULFD Conservazione e manutenzione(G$OLQHD)LUHQ]H

7DJOLDVDFFKL* Colore e ambiente, Sikkens nel restauro (G 6WDPSD *UD¿FKH0DOYH]]L)LRUHQ]XROD 3& 

=HQQDUR3,OFRORUHGHJOLHGL¿FL(G$OLQHD)LUHQ]H

122 In alto &DUWROLQDGHLSULPLDQQL GHO;;VHFROR ,QSULPRSLDQRLO SDOD]]RGHOFRPXQH SULPDGHLODYRUL di ristrutturazione FRPSLXWLQHO $UFKLYLR$UQq)ODYLR

In mezzo &DUWROLQDGHLSULPL DQQLGHO;;VHFROR VXOORVIRQGRO¶DOEHUJR UHDOHRUDVHGHGHO VXSHUPHUFDWR $UFKLYLR$UQq)ODYLR

In basso Cartolina degli anni µGHO;;VHFRORLQ SULPRSLDQRODVHGHGHO FRPXQHULVWUXWWXUDWD $UFKLYLR$UQq)ODYLR

123 In alto &DUWROLQDGHJOLDQQLµ GHO;;VHFRORVXOOR VIRQGROD&KLHVDGL 6DQ5RFFR $UFKLYLR$UQq)ODYLR

In mezzo )RWRJUD¿DGHJOLDQQLµ GHO;;VHFROR6XOOR VIRQGRODSHVDSXEEOLFD e il giardino del castello SULPDGHOODUHDOL]]D]LRQH GHOOHGXHSDOD]]LQH 6%$30LODQR $UFKLYLR)RWRJUD¿FR

In basso )RWRJUD¿DGHJOLDQQL¶ GHO;;VHFROR ,QSULPRSLDQROD &KLHVDGL6DQ5RFFR 6%$30LODQR $UFKLYLR)RWRJUD¿FR

124 Appunti per una storia del Castello

Francesco Bozzato,Guido Gozzi, Alan Romitti - architetti

Premessa

,OFDVWHOORGL/RPHOORQRQqPDLVWDWRRJJHWWRLQSDVVDWRGLXQR VWXGLRVLVWHPDWLFRHGDSSURIRQGLWRHQRQHVLVWRQRSXEEOLFD]LRQL FKHQHQDUULQRODVWRULDHO¶HYROX]LRQHFRVWUXWWLYDQHOFRUVRGHL VHFROL , EUHYL FHQQL GLVSRQLELOL DWWXDOPHQWH SHU OR SL VRWWR IRUPDGLRSXVFRORVRQRLQJUDQSDUWHWUDWWLGDFURQDFKHORFDOL HVLOLPLWDQRDULSRUWDUHLIDWWLSLQRWL6HJXHQGROHLQGLFD]LRQL FRQWHQXWHQHOOLEURGL0DULR=XFFKLLomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiqVWDWDFRPSLXWDXQDULJRURVD ULFHUFD GL IRQWL GRFXPHQWDULH DUFKLYLVWLFKH ELEOLRJUD¿FKH LFRQRJUD¿FKH  FHUFDQGR GL UHSHULUH TXDQWR SL PDWHULDOH SRVVLELOH *OL VIRU]L FRPSLXWL KDQQR SHUPHVVR GL VFRSULUH XQ YROWRFRPSOHWDPHQWHLQHGLWRHGDIIDVFLQDQWHGHOO¶HGL¿FLR

Le origini del castello

$OFXQHFDPSDJQHGLVFDYRVYROWHGDJOLDUFKHRORJL+XJR%ODNHH &ODXGLD0DFFDEUXQLDPHWjGHJOLDQQL¶GHO;;VHFRORKDQQR FRQIHUPDWR OD SUHVHQ]D D /RPHOOR GL IRUWL¿FD]LRQL ULVDOHQWL DOO¶HSRFD WDUGRURPDQD H ORQJREDUGD QHOO¶DUHD RUD RFFXSDWD GDOOD&KLHVDGL6DQWD0DULD0DJJLRUHHQHOOH]RQHOLPLWURIH1 ,Q VHJXLWR LQ HSRFD DOWRPHGLHYDOH OD SURJUHVVLYD SHUGLWD GL SRWHUH GHOOR VWDWR FDUROLQJLR IDYRUu O¶LQVWDXUDUVL LQ /RPHOOLQD GHOODSRWHQWHFRQVRUWHULDIDPLJOLDUHGHLFRQWL3DODWLQL2/DURFFD GL/RPHOORFHQWURQHYUDOJLFRGHOORURSRWHUHDVVXQVHXQUXRORGL

1 %ODNH+0DFFDEUXQL&Le mura antiche di LomelloLQ³1RWL]LDULR GHOOD6RSULQWHQGHQ]DSHUL%HQL$UFKHRORJLFLGHOOD/RPEDUGLD´SS0LODQR =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle origini, periodo primoSS(G)UDWHOOL%RFFD7RULQR'H0DUFKL0Insediamenti longobardi e castelli tardoantichi tra Ticino e MincioLQ/HIRUWL¿FD]LRQLGHO*DUGDHL sistemi di difesa dell’Italia settentrionale tra tardoantico e alto medioevoS(G 6RFLHWj$UFKHRORJLFDVUO0DQWRYD 2 %DVFDSq*&I conti Palatini del Regno Italico e la città di Pavia dal Comune alla Signoria LQ$UFKLYLR6WRULFR/RPEDUGR, )DVFLFROL,,,,,H,90LODQRDSULOH 

125 In basso JUDQGHLPSRUWDQ]DVWUDWHJLFDDQFKHSHUODSRVL]LRQHJHRJUD¿FD 5LFRVWUX]LRQHGHO FHQWUDOHULVSHWWRDOUHVWRGHOODUHJLRQH SHUFRUVRGHOOHPXUD URPDQHGL/RPHOOR ,QHSRFDFRPXQDOHO¶DFFUHVFLXWDLPSRUWDQ]DGHOODYLFLQDFLWWj +%ODNH&0DFFDEUXQL GL3DYLDLQWHQ]LRQDWDDGHVSDQGHUHODSURSULDDUHDGLLQÀXHQ]D VRWWRPHWWHQGR OD /RPHOOLQD FRPLQFLz D PLQDUH OH EDVL GHOOD 6LJQRULDGHLFRQWL3DODWLQLFKHSHUFRQWUDVWDUHWDOHSHULFRORVL DOOHDURQRFRQLOFRPXQH0LODQHVH 1HOODFLWWjGL3DYLDGLFKLDUzJXHUUDD0LODQRGLULJHQGR OH SURSULH WUXSSH LQQDQ]LWXWWR YHUVR JOL DOOHDWL SL YLFLQL H DOOR VWHVVR WHPSR SL GHEROL 9HQQH SRVWR O¶DVVHGLR DOOD URFFD GL /RPHOORPDDFDXVDGHOOHLQJHQWLVWUXWWXUHGLIHQVLYHO¶HVHUFLWR SDYHVHQRQULXVFuDGHVSXJQDUOD*OLDVVHGLDQWLULFRUVHURDOORUD DOO¶LQJDQQR H SDYHQWDQGR XQD UHVD DWWLUDURQR L GLIHQVRUL QHO ORUR DFFDPSDPHQWR FDWWXUDQGROL &RQTXLVWDWR LO ERUJR OR GHYDVWDURQRGLVWUXJJHQGRQHLOFDVWHOORHOHIRUWL¿FD]LRQL3 /DPHPRULDGHOODSUHVHQ]DGHOO¶DQWLFRIRUWLOL]LRULPDVHWXWWDYLD SHU OXQJR WHPSR SRLFKp DQFRUD IUD ;9H;9,,VHFRORQHOOHGHVFUL]LRQLGL SURSULHWjYHQLYDQRXWLOL]]DWLLWHUPLQL Castri Veteris o CastelvecchioFRPH WRSRQLPLLGHQWL¿FDWLYL4 /¶DWWXDOHFDVWHOORGHQRPLQDWRcastri noviFRPLQFLzDGHVVHUHULFRVWUXLWR DGRSHUDGHJOLDOOHDWL0LODQHVLYLFLQR DTXHOORGLVWUXWWRQHOPDRJQL RSHUD]LRQH YHQQH LQWHUURWWD O¶DQQR successivo a seguito della discesa LQ ,WDOLD GHOO¶LPSHUDWRUH )HGHULFR Barbarossa5 1RQ VL KDQQR QRWL]LH HIIHWWLYH GHL WHPSL H GHO PRGR LQ FXLODULFRVWUX]LRQHVLDVWDWDSRUWDWD D WHUPLQH QHO FRUVR GHO WHPSR PD XQ GLSORPD LPSHULDOH GHO  FKH YLHWDYD DL FRQWL 3DODWLQL OD FRVWUX]LRQH GL IRUWL¿FD]LRQL VHQ]D LO SUHYLR EHQHSODFLWR GHOOD FLWWj GL 3DYLD VXJJHULVFH FRPH LO FDVWHOOR QRQ IRVVH FRPSOHWDWR SHU WXWWR LO

3 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle origini periodo secondoS(G)UDWHOOL%RFFD7RULQR 4 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle origini periodo secondoSFLW 5 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle origini periodo secondoSFLW

126 ;,,VHFROR60ROWRSUREDELOPHQWHFRQLOYHQLUPHQRGHOSRWHUH HVHUFLWDWRGDOFDSROXRJRSDYHVHQHLGHFHQQLVXFFHVVLYLLFRQWL 3DODWLQLSRUWDURQRDFRPSLPHQWRO¶HGL¿FD]LRQHGHOFDVWHOOR 3Xz VHPEUDUH VLQJRODUH FKH OD QXRYD FRVWUX]LRQH VLD VWDWD UHDOL]]DWD LQ XQ OXRJR GLYHUVR GDOOD SUHFHGHQWH PD IRUVH WDOH IDWWR SXz WURYDUH VSLHJD]LRQH QHO SHUFRUVR GHOO¶DQWLFD FLQWD PXUDULD URPDQD LSRWL]]DWR GDJOL DUFKHRORJL %ODNH H Maccabruni7 $QDOL]]DQGROR VL QRWD FRPH LO IURQWH QRUG GHO FDVWHOOR JOL VL VRYUDSSRQJD SHUIHWWDPHQWH LQGXFHQGRFL D SHQVDUH FKH SHU FRPRGLWj L 0LODQHVL DYHVVHUR GHFLVR GL VIUXWWDUHXQPXURSUHHVLVWHQWHSHUDFFHOHUDUHODULFRVWUX]LRQH GHOODURFFDDJJLXQJHQGRJOLDOWULWUHODWLSHUFUHDUHXQDVWUXWWXUD TXDGULODWHUD /D PDQFDQ]D GL GRFXPHQWL UHODWLYL DOO¶HGL¿FLR UHQGH ODFXQRVR LOSHULRGRGLWHPSRFRPSUHVRIUDLO;,,,HJOLXOWLPLDQQLGHO;,9 VHFROR 1HO  YHQQH FRPSLXWD XQ¶LVSH]LRQH GHO FDVWHOOR DG RSHUD GL)HGHULFR%UDFFLRIRUWHH0LFKHOH$QVDOGRLQYLDWLGHOGXFDGL 0LODQR*LDQ*DOHD]]R9LVFRQWLSUHRFFXSDWRGHOORVWDWRGHOOH IRUWH]]H H GHL FDVWHOOL D JXDUGLD GHL FRQ¿QL PHULGLRQDOL GHO 'XFDWR 6XOOD VFRUWD GHOOH ORUR UHOD]LRQL QHO  O¶LQJHJQHUH *LDFRPROR $EUDQHOOL IRUWL¿Fz OD URFFD H LO ERUJR GL /RPHOOR8 6L SXz VROR VXSSRUUH TXDOH IRVVH O¶DVSHWWR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR DOOD ¿QH GHO ;,9 VHFROR $QDOL]]DQGR OH SODQLPHWULH GHO FDVWHOOR QHJOL DQJROL VXGRYHVW VXGHVW H QRUGRYHVW VL ULOHYDQR DPELHQWLTXDGUDQJRODULVRYUDSSRVWLFRQIRUPD]LRQHWLSLFDGHOOH VWUXWWXUH D WRUUH 6XL IURQWL HVWHUQL LQ FRUULVSRQGHQ]D GHOOH VWDQ]H VL QRWDQR ¿QHVWUHOOH DUFXDWH ULVFRQWUDELOL LQ DQDORJKH VWUXWWXUHDWRUUHVXSHUVWLWLGLDOWULIRUWLOL]LSDYHVL,QROWUHOXQJR WXWWR LO SHULPHWUR GHOOD PXUDWXUD FRUUH XQ IUHJLR D GHQWH GL VHJD FKH q DFFRPSDJQDWR QHL FDVWHOOL FLUFRVWDQWL GD XQD PHUODWXUDVRYUDVWDQWH$OODEDVHGHOODPXUDWXUDqSUHVHQWHXQD ³VFDUSDWXUD´ FRURQDWD GD XQ FRUGROR URWRQGR DOWUR HOHPHQWR WLSLFRGHOOHVWUXWWXUHIRUWL¿FDWHSDYHVL &RQLXJDQGRLGLYHUVLHOHPHQWLqOHFLWRVXSSRUUHFKHLOIRUWLOL]LR GL /RPHOOR IRVVH GL IRUPD TXDGULODWHUD FRPSRVWR GD WUH WRUUL DQJRODULGLGLYHUVHPLVXUHIUDOHTXDOLFRUUHYDXQWUDWWRGLPXUD

6 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle origini periodo secondoSFLW 7 %ODNH+0DFFDEUXQL&Le mura antiche di LomelloLQ³1RWL]LDULR GHOOD6RSULQWHQGHQ]DSHUL%HQL$UFKHRORJLFLGHOOD/RPEDUGLD´SS0LODQR  8 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiperiodo secondoSFLW

127 PHUODWHSLEDVVR9 6ROWDQWR SRFKL DQQL SL WDUGL QHO  LO FRQGRWWLHUR )DFLQR &DQH LQWHQ]LRQDWR D FUHDUH XQD SURSULD VLJQRULD IHXGDOH QHO WHUULWRULRGHO'XFDWRGL0LODQRLQYDVHFRQOHSURSULHWUXSSHOD /RPHOOLQDVPDQWHOODQGRXQJUDQQXPHURGLFDVWHOOLHERUJKLIUD FXLTXHOORGL/RPHOOR10

La famiglia Crivelli

1HO  DOOD PRUWH GHO GXFD )LOLSSR 0DULD 9LVFRQWL OD SRSROD]LRQH GHOOD FLWWj GL 0LODQR SURFODPz OD 5HSXEEOLFD $PEURVLDQD QRPLQDQGR LO JHQHUR GHO GHIXQWR )UDQFHVFR 6IRU]D FDSLWDQR JHQHUDOH GHOO¶HVHUFLWR FLWWDGLQR 4XHVWL PLUDQGR DG RWWHQHUH OD 6LJQRULD GHO 'XFDWR VL DFFRUGz FRQ JOLHVSRQHQWLGHOOHIDPLJOLHSLLPSRUWDQWLGHO0LODQHVHIUDFXL $QWRQLR &ULYHOOL FDSLWDQR GHOOD IRUWH]]D GL 3L]]LJKHWWRQH 6X LQFDULFRGHOOR6IRU]D*LRYDQQL&DLPRRIIUuFRPHFRQWURSDUWLWD GHOODFRQVHJQDGHOODSLD]]DIRUWHLIHXGLGL/RPHOORH*DUODVFR HODUHQGLWDGLVFXGL,O&ULYHOOLDFFHWWzO¶DFFRUGRH¿UPz XQ¶DSSRVLWDFRQYHQ]LRQHLODJRVWRGHO /¶DQQR VXFFHVVLYR GLYHQXWR GXFD GL 0LODQR )UDQFHVFR 6IRU]D SRUWz D FRPSLPHQWR LO FRQWUDWWR VRVWLWXHQGR DOOD WHUUD GL *DUODVFR JLj SRVVHVVR GHOOD IDPLJOLD &DVWLJOLRQL TXHOOD GL 'RUQR ,O  PDU]R  DOOD SUHVHQ]D GL LOOXVWUL SHUVRQDJJL GHO 'XFDWR FRQ DWWR VROHQQH LQYHVWu FRQ OD FRQVHJQD GHOOD VSDGDHGHOORVWHPPD$QWRQLR&ULYHOOLFRQWHGHLIHXGLGL'RUQR H/RPHOORFRQFHGHQGRDOXLHDLVXRLHUHGLDPSLHLPPXQLWjHOD IDFROWjGLFLQJHUHLERUJKLGLPXUDHIRVVDWL ,OFDVWHOORGL/RPHOORURYLQDWRDOO¶LQL]LRGHOVHFRORGDOOHWUXSSH GL)DFLQR&DQHYHQQHULVWUXWWXUDWR¿QTXDVLGDOOHIRQGDPHQWD FLUFRQGDWR GD WHUUDSLHQL H GD XQ IRVVDWR GRWDWR GL XQ ULFFR GHSRVLWRG¶DUPLHGLXQDWRUUHDJXDUGLDGHOSRQWHOHYDWRLR111RQ qGDWRVDSHUHO¶HIIHWWLYDFRQVLVWHQ]DGHLODYRULIDWWLVYROJHUHGDO &ULYHOOLSHUODPDQFDQ]DGLGDWLGRFXPHQWDULPDVLVXSSRQHFKH VXOODVFRUWDGHOO¶HVSHULHQ]DIDWWDQHOODIRUWH]]DGL3L]]LJKHWWRQH

9 3HURJDOOL&Castelli della Pianura LombardaSS(G(OHFWD0LODQR  0HUOR 0 Castelli, rocche, case-forti e torri della provincia di Pavia (G )XVL3DYLD&RQWL)+\EVFK99LQFHQWL$I castelli della Lombardia(G 'H$JRVWLQL1RYDUD 10 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiperiodo secondo, SFLW 11 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiperiodo terzo, SFLW

128 5LWUDWWRGHO&DUGLQDOH QH DYHVVH DJJLRUQDWR OH GRWD]LRQL GLIHQVLYH 2OWUH D IDU $OHVVDQGUR&ULYHOOL LQQDO]DUHODWRUUHWWDDJXDUGLDGHOSRQWHOHYDWRLRSUREDELOPHQWH VLGHYRQRDOVXRYROHUHODUHDOL]]D]LRQHGHOODVFDUSDGLULQIRU]R GHOO¶DQJRORVXGRYHVWHOHPHQWRWLSLFRGHOO¶DUFKLWHWWXUDPLOLWDUH GHOODVHFRQGDPHWjGHO;9VHFRORDWWDDFRQWUDVWDUHO¶DWWDFFR GHOO¶DUWLJOLHULDHO¶LQQDO]DPHQWRDOOLYHOORGHOOHWRUULGHOOHFRUWLQH PXUDULHPHUODWHQHLIURQWLHVWVXGHGRYHVW12$VHJXLWRGLTXHVWR LQWHUYHQWRPROWRSUREDELOPHQWHWDOLFRUWLQHPXUDULHDVVXQVHUR O¶DVSHWWRGLYHULHSURSULFRUSLGLIDEEULFDGLFROOHJDPHQWRIUDOH WRUUL&RQIHUPDGLFLzVLSRWUHEEHWURYDUHQHOOD¿QHVWUDSUHVHQWH QHOODIDFFLDWDLQWHUQDGHOO¶DODRYHVWGHFRUDWDFRQXQIUHJLRLQ FRWWR WLSLFR GHO SHULRGR VIRU]HVFR (¶ PROWR SUREDELOH TXLQGL FKHODGLVSRVL]LRQHLQWHUQDGHLORFDOLDOGLIXRULGHOOHVWUXWWXUH D WRUUH GHULYL GLUHWWDPHQWH GD TXHVWL ODYRUL GL ULVWUXWWXUD]LRQH FRPPLVVLRQDWLGD$QWRQLR&ULYHOOL

La trasformazione in residenza nobiliare

1RQ VL KDQQR SURYH GRFXPHQWDULH Qp GLUHWWH Qp LQGLUHWWH GL XOWHULRULODYRULDOFDVWHOORGL/RPHOORQHOODVHFRQGDPHWjGHO;9 HQHOODSULPDGHO;9,VHFROR,OSULPRGRFXPHQWRFKHDWWHVWD XI¿FLDOPHQWH OD SUHVHQ]D GL XQ FDQWLHUH QHOO¶HGL¿FLR ULVDOH DO DJRVWRTXDQGR)HOLFHGD&XUWHSURFXUDWRUHGHOFRQWH $OHVVDQGUR&ULYHOOLSDJDDOODSLFLGD%HUQDUGRGH&D[HOOD OLUHLPSHULDOLSHUODUHDOL]]D]LRQHGLPDUPLHFRORQQHGDXWLOL]]DUH in opere arcis13. ,O&ULYHOOLIHXGDWDULRGL/RPHOORHUDXQDGHOOH¿JXUHGLVSLFFRGHOOD QRELOWjORPEDUGDGHO;9,VHFRORHYDQWDYDLPSRUWDQWLLQFDULFKL QHJOLRUJDQLGLJRYHUQRGHO'XFDWRHUHOD]LRQLSHUVRQDOLVLDFRQ O¶LPSHUDWRUH&DUOR9FKHFRQLO¿JOLR)LOLSSR,,148QDSHUVRQDOLWj GLWDOHLPSRUWDQ]DQHFHVVLWDYDGLXQDGLPRUDFRQVRQDDOSURSULR UDQJR , ODYRUL FRPPLVVLRQDWL GDO FRQWH$OHVVDQGUR GRYHWWHUR LQWHUHVVDUHO¶LQWHUDVWUXWWXUDGHOFDVWHOORPRGL¿FDQGRODLQPRGR FKH O¶HGL¿FLR SHUGHQGR LO VXR FDUDWWHUH SUHWWDPHQWH PLOLWDUH DVVXPHVVHO¶DVSHWWRGLXQDUHVLGHQ]DQRELOLDUH 5LVSHWWRDOODFRQIRUPD]LRQHGHOODVHFRQGDPHWjGHO;9VHFROR IXURQRSUREDELOPHQWHULRUJDQL]]DWLLFRUSLGLIDEEULFDSRVWLWUD

12 &DVVL5DPHOOL$Dalle caverne ai rifugi blindati. Trenta secoli di architettura militareSS(G0DULR$GGD%DUL 13 $63YAtti dei notaiFDUW 14 'L]LRQDULR%LRJUD¿FRGHJOL,WDOLDQL9ROIstituto dell’Enciclopedia Italiana 5RPD

129 6WHPPDGHOODIDPLJOLD OHWRUULDQJRODULHPRGL¿FDWRLOOLYHOORGHLSLDQLGHOO¶HGL¿FLR8QD &ULYHOOL6FDUDPSL WHVWLPRQLDQ]D GHOOD SUHFHGHQWH FRQIRUPD]LRQH DOWLPHWULFD SRWUHEEHHVVHUHULVFRQWUDELOHQHOO¶DOWH]]DGHLSLDQLGHOODWRUUHWWD VRYUDVWDQWHO¶LQJUHVVRFKHFRQVHUYDDQFRUDWUDFFHGHLSULPLWLYL DFFHVVLDOOHFRUWLQHPXUDULHPHUODWH ,OFRUSRGLIDEEULFDGHOO¶DODVXGGHOFDVWHOORYHQQHUDGGRSSLDWR LQVHUHQGRQHOFRUWLOHLQWHUQRXQHOHJDQWHSRUWLFDWRVRUUHWWRGD colonne di arenaria15 H XQD JDOOHULD DO SULPR SLDQR$O SLDQR WHUUHQR IXURQR ULVWUXWWXUDWH OH VWDQ]H HVLVWHQWL H YHQQHUR FRPPLVVLRQDWLDOFXQLFLFOLSLWWRULFL16GLFXLQRQVRQRQRWLJOLDXWRUL /¶DFFHVVRDOSULPRSLDQRYHQQHJDUDQWLWRGDXQQXRYRVFDORQH G¶RQRUHFKHDFFHGHYDGLUHWWDPHQWHDOODJDOOHULD /D PXUDWXUD VXSHULRUH GHOOD WRUUH SRVWD DOO¶DQJROR VXGHVW IX DEEDWWXWD SHU ULFDYDUH XQ JUDQGH VDORQH D GRSSLD DOWH]]D GHVWLQDWR D JORUL¿FDUH DWWUDYHUVR XQ DGHJXDWR FLFOR SLWWRULFR DQFRUDLQSDUWHYLVLELOHODIDPLJOLD&ULYHOOL 'DOOD JDOOHULD VL SRWHYD DFFHGHUH DWWUDYHUVR XQD VFDOD LQ PXUDWXUD DOO¶DPELHQWH SRVWR DOO¶XOWLPR SLDQR GHOOD WRUUHWWD GHFRUDWRDQFK¶HVVRGDXQFLFORSLWWRULFRDJURWWHVFKHHDOO¶DOD RYHVW QHOOD TXDOH QHOOR VSD]LR IUD OH WRUUL VXGRYHVW H QRUG RYHVWYHQQHURFUHDWHVLDDOSLDQRWHUUHQRFKHDOSULPRSLDQR GXH JUDQGL VDOH *OL DPELHQWL GHOOH GXH WRUUL DQJRODUL IXURQR ULVWUXWWXUDWL$OOLYHOORVHPLQWHUUDWRIXUHDOL]]DWRXQQXRYRJUDQGH DPELHQWH D YROWD VRWWR DO SRUWLFDWR FRHUHQWHPHQWH FRQ XQD SUREDELOH ULRUJDQL]]D]LRQH GHOO¶LQWHUR SLDQR SHU GHVWLQDUOR DG RVSLWDUHFDQWLQHHFXFLQH ,O FRQWH $OHVVDQGUR VSRVz 0DUJKHULWD 6FDUDPSL HVSRQHQWH GHOOD QRELOH IDPLJOLD DVWLJLDQD IHXGDWDULD GL &DQHOOL ,O IUDWHOOR GHOOD VSRVD LO PDUFKHVH /XGRYLFR XOWLPR HVSRQHQWH GHOOD FDVDWDULPDVWRVHQ]DHUHGLOHJLWWLPLDOFXQLDQQLSLWDUGLODVFLz LQHUHGLWjOHVXHSURSULHWjHGLUHODWLYLWLWROLQRELOLDULDL¿JOLGHOOD VRUHOOD , FRQWL GL /RPHOOR GLYHQQHUR SURSULHWDUL GL IHXGL VLD LQ WHUULWRULR SLHPRQWHVH FKH ORPEDUGR H VXGGLWL VLD GHO UH GL 6SDJQDFKHGHOGXFDGL6DYRLDDVVXPHQGRODGHQRPLQD]LRQH IDPLOLDUHGL&ULYHOOL6FDUDPSL17 5LPDVWRYHGRYR$OHVVDQGUR&ULYHOOLYHQQHQRPLQDWRFDUGLQDOH GDSDSD3LR,9LOPDU]RFROWLWRORGL6DQWD0DULDLQ

15 %LQGD 0DLHU / Considerazioni preliminari sulle visite in loco e sulle osservazioni macroscopiche delle carote prelevate dalle colonne del castello di Lomello0LODQR 16 &DVWHOOL*Le stanze del CardinaleLQ³9LJOHYDQXP´Q6RFLHWj6WRULFD 9LJHYDQHVH9LJHYDQR 17 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiperiodo terzoSFLW

130 $UDFRHOL FKLHVD URPDQD GRYH QHO  YHQQH VHSROWR18 'L WXWWL L IHXGDWDUL GL /RPHOOR HJOL IX VLFXUDPHQWH IUD TXHOOL FKH PDJJLRUPHQWHFRQWULEXLURQRDOODFRVWUX]LRQHGHOO¶HGL¿FLRJLXQWR ¿QRDLJLRUQLQRVWUL 1RQFLVRQRSHUYHQXWHXOWHULRULQRWL]LHGLODYRULVYROWLQHJOLDQQL VXFFHVVLYLPDqSUREDELOHFKHLVXFFHVVRULGL$OHVVDQGUR&ULYHOOL SRVVDQRDYHUFRQWLQXDWRO¶RSHUDGLDEEHOOLPHQWRGHOFDVWHOOR /D SULPD GHVFUL]LRQH VRPPDULD GHO FDVWHOOR GL /RPHOOR ULVDOH DO  QRYHPEUH  ,Q WDOH GDWD XQD JULGD HPHVVD GDO JRYHUQDWRUHGL0LODQR-XDQ)HUQDQGH]GH9LODVFRREEOLJDYD LIHXGDWDULGHO'XFDWRDQRWL¿FDUHLSURSULEHQLHUDJLRQLIHXGDOL SHQDODFRQ¿VFDGLRJQLSURSULHWj/XLJL&ULYHOOLDOORUDFRQWHGL /RPHOORQHOSURSULRDWWRGLFRQVHJQDGHVFULVVHLOFDVWHOORFRPH ³« URFKD FRQ FDVDPHQWL HW DOWUL HGL¿FL DG HVVD DQQHVVL FRQ JLDUGLQRJUDQGHHSLFFRORHIRVVRRSHVFKLHUD´197UHGLFLDQQL SLWDUGLLOJLXJQRLQRFFDVLRQHGHOODVXDPRUWHYHQQH FRPSLODWRXQLQYHQWDULRGHLEHQLLQVXRSRVVHVVR)UDJOLHOHQFKL GHOOH GLYHUVH SURSULHWj q SUHVHQWH XQD GHVFUL]LRQH FRQGRWWD VWDQ]D SHU VWDQ]D GHJOL DUUHGL DOORUD LQ GRWD]LRQH DO FDVWHOOR GL /RPHOOR $QDOL]]DQGROR VL ULOHYD FRPH IRVVH IRUQLWR GHOOD PRELOLD DWWD D SHUPHWWHUH DG XQD IDPLJOLD QRELOH O¶DELWD]LRQH GHOO¶HGL¿FLR SHU OXQJKL SHULRGL GL WHPSR20 1H VL KD FRQIHUPD GDXQGRFXPHQWRFRPSLODWRQHOGDXQIXQ]LRQDULRGHOOD 5HJLD'XFDO&DPHUDLQRFFDVLRQHGLXQ¶LQGDJLQHVXOO¶HIIHWWLYD UHVLGHQ]D GHL &ULYHOOL QHO IHXGR GL /RPHOOR /D IDPLJOLD HUD VRVSHWWDWDGLQRQULVLHGHUHUHDOPHQWHQHO'XFDWRGL0LODQRPD QHOSURSULRIHXGRGL&DQHOOLLQ3LHPRQWHHGLFRQVHJXHQ]DGL QRQ HVVHUH IHGHOH DO SURSULR VRYUDQR 3HU DFFHUWDUH OD YHULWj LOUHIHUHQGDULRGL3DYLDVXLQFDULFRGHOJRYHUQDWRUHGL0LODQR FRPSu XQD VHULH GL LQWHUURJDWRUL DG DOFXQL FLWWDGLQL GHL ERUJKL FLUFRVWDQWL /RPHOOR 'DOOH ORURGLFKLDUD]LRQL ULVXOWD FKHO¶DOORUD IHXGDWDULRLOFRQWH$PHGHR³9LDELWDWXWWRO¶DQQRVDOYRFKHDO WHPSR GHO UDFFROWR HW GHOOH YHQGHPPLH Yj DG XQ VXR OXRJR DGLPDQGDWR&DQHOOLLQ$VWHVDQRGRYHYLKDDOFXQHSRVVHVVLRQL GRYHLQGHWWRWHPSRYLVWDUjYHQWLJLRUQLLQFLUFDRYHURXQPHVH HWGRSSRVHQHULWRUQDD/XPHOORHWYLVWDVLQRDOOHYHQGHPPLH HWSRLVHQHULWRUQDDOGHWWROXRJKRGL&DQHOOLHWLYLYLVWDUjXQ DOWURPHVHLQWDQWRFKHKDIDWWROHYHQGHPLHHWYLQLHWGRSSRVH

18 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiperiodo terzoSFLW 19 $60LFeudi Camerali P.A.FDUW 20 $60LCrivelli Giulini - AraldicaFDUW

131 QHULWRUQDD/XPHOORGRYHYLVWDGLFRQWLQXR´21 ,O  PDU]R GHOO¶DQQR VXFFHVVLYR QHOO¶DPELWR GL DFFHUWDPHQWL ¿VFDOL RUGLQDWL GDOOD 5HJLD 'XFDO &DPHUD QHL FRQIURQWL GL $PHGHR&ULYHOOLYHQQHFRPSLODWDXQDGHVFUL]LRQHGHOFDVWHOOR HGHJOLDUUHGLFRQWHQXWLDOVXRLQWHUQR,OIXQ]LRQDULR*LRYDQQL 3DROR *DOELDQR GHVFULYH O¶HGL¿FLR FRPH ³8Q FDVWHOOR  FRQ GLYHUVHVWDQ]HFRQDOWUHVXHUDJLRQLHWFLQWRGLIRVVDFROjGD XQD OD SLD]D GL GHWWR ORFR GDOO¶DOWUD VWUDGD GDOO¶DOWUD VWUDGD LQWHUPHGLDQWHLOJLDUGLQRHWGDOO¶DOWUDSDULPHQWHVWUDGD´22 1HO  XQD JULGD HPHVVD GHO JRYHUQDWRUH GL 0LODQR LO FDUGLQDOH *LO 'H$OERUQR] RUGLQDYD DL IXQ]LRQDUL GHOOD 5HJLD 'XFDO&DPHUDGLVHTXHVWUDUHSUHYHQWLYDPHQWHHUHQGLFRQWDUH OHSURSULHWjGLWXWWLLIHXGDWDULGHO'XFDWRULVXOWDQWL¿QGDO DQFKHVXGGLWLGHOGXFDGL6DYRLD,OSURYYHGLPHQWRULHQWUDYDQHO FOLPDGLRVWLOLWjGRYXWRDOOD*XHUUDGHL7UHQW¶DQQLDOORUDLQSLHQR VYROJLPHQWRFKHYHGHYDOD6SDJQDFRQWUDSSRVWDDOOD)UDQFLD HGDLVXRLDOOHDWLVDEDXGL,ORWWREUHLOQRWDLR%HUQDUGR GH9LDUHFDWRVLD/RPHOORLQVLHPHDGDOWULIXQ]LRQDULFRPSLOzOD GHVFUL]LRQHGHLEHQLGLSURSULHWjGHOFRQWH$PHGHRHGHLPRELOL SUHVHQWLDOO¶LQWHUQRGHOFDVWHOOR/¶HGL¿FLRYLHQHGHVFULWWRFRPH ³8Q FDVWHOOR FRQ SRQWH OHYDGRUH HW LO IRVVR G¶LQWRUQR GRYH VL VXROH IDUH LO JLDUGLQR FRQ FRUWH HW SLD]]D DYDQWL FRQ FDQHSH FDPHUHVDOOHHWDOWULOXRFKLDOQXPHURGLLQFLUFDIUDTXDOL YLVRQROHVWDQ]HGHOLOOXVWULVVLPRVLJQRUFRQWH$QWRQLRSHUOD VXDSRUWLRQHGHEHQLSDWHUQLFRPHDSSDUHSHULVWUXPHQWRDO TXDOHWXQDWRUUHDOTXDOqFRKHUHQWLDGDXQDSDUWHODSLD]DGHO detto castello dall’altra una corte rustica con cassina et cassi da WHUUDVWDODHWOXRFKLGDEUD]DQWLDOQXPHURGLGHOGHWWRVLJQRU FRQWH$PDGHRGDOO¶DOWUDRUWDJOLDGLGHWWRVLJQRUFRQWHLQTXDOH RUWDOLDHWFRUWHUXVWLFDYLqFRKHUHQWLDODVWUDGDSXEEOLFDGDGXH SDUWLGDOO¶DOWUD$QWRQLR%RUHOODGDOO¶DOWUDOLKHUHGLGHOTXRQGDP /RUHQ]R&DUHQ]RHWGDOO¶DOWUD*LRYDQQL$QWRQLR)HUUL´23 /DIDPLJOLDSRFKLPHVLGRSRULXVFHQGRDGLPRVWUDUHODSURSULD IHGHOWjDOUHGL6SDJQDRWWHQQHODUHVWLWX]LRQHGHOIHXGRPDEHQ SUHVWR WRUQz QXRYDPHQWH DG DYHUH SUREOHPL FRQ OH LVWLWX]LRQL GHO'XFDWR 1HOOHGHYDVWD]LRQLVXELWHGDOOD/RPHOOLQDDFDXVDGHOOD JXHUUD H GHO WUDQVLWR GHJOL HVHUFLWL QRQ SHUPLVHUR O¶DGHJXDWD ULVFRVVLRQHGHOOHUHQGLWHIHXGDOLLPSHGHQGRDOFRQWH$PHGHR &ULYHOOL LO YHUVDPHQWR GHOOD VRPPD GL RWWRPLOD VFXGL ULFKLHVWR

21 $60L)LQDQ]D&RQ¿VFKHFDUW 22 $60L)LQDQ]D&RQ¿VFKHFDUW 23 $60L)LQDQ]D&RQ¿VFKHFDUW

132 GDOOD5HJLD'XFDO&DPHUD$IURQWHGLFLzLOPDJJLRLO UHIHUHQGDULRGL3DYLD*LRYDQQLGH9LOODJDUFLDVLUHFzD/RPHOOR SHU UHGLJHUH XQ YHUEDOH GL VHTXHVWUR GL WXWWH OH SURSULHWj GHO FRQWH$PHGHR&ULYHOOLFRPSUHVRLOFDVWHOORHLPRELOLLQHVVR FRQWHQXWL/¶HGL¿FLRYLHQHGHVFULWWRFRPH³8QFDVWHOORFRQSRQWH OHYDGRUHHWLOIRVVRG¶LQWRUQRGRYHVLVXROIDUHLOJLDUGLQRFRQ FRUWHHSLD]DDYDQWLFRQFDQHSHFDPHUHVDOHHWDOWULOXRFKLDO QXPHURGLYLQWLTXDWURLQFLUFDHWXQDWRUUHDOODTXDOqFRKHUHQWLD GDXQDSDUWHODSLD]DGHOGHWWRFDVWHOORGDOO¶DOWUDSDUWHXQDFRUWH UXVWLFDFRQFDVVLQDHWFDVVLGDWHUUDVWDODHWORFKLGDEUD]DQWL DOQXPHURGLRWWRGHOVLJQRUFRQWH$PDGHRGDOO¶DOWUDO¶RUWDJOLDGL GHWWRVLJQRUFRQWHDTXDOORUWDJOLDHWFRUWHUXVWLFDJOLqFRKHUHQWLD OD VWUDGD SXEEOLFD GD GXH SDUWL GDOO¶DOWUD $QWRQLR %RVHOOD GDOO¶DOWUD Ou KHUHUGL GHO TXRQGDP /RUHQ]R &DUHQ]R H GDOO¶DOWUD *LRYDQQL$QWRQLR)HUUL´,QTXHVWDRFFDVLRQHLPRELOLGHVFULWWL ULVXOWDQRVFDUVLHSHUORSLURWWLRGLVWUXWWL/DVSLHJD]LRQHGL WDOHSDUWLFRODULWjVLWURYDQHJOLLQWHUURJDWRULGLDOFXQLDELWDQWLGL /RPHOOR VYROWL GDL IXQ]LRQDUL GHOOD 5HJLD 'XFDO &DPHUD 'DL ORURUDFFRQWLDSSUHQGLDPRFKH³*OLHUDQRDOWULPRELOLLQFDVWHOR PDTXDQGRGHWWLIUDQFHVLYHQHURLQTXHVWDWHUUDHQWURUQRDQFR LQ GHWWR FDVWHOOR HW WXWWR TXHOR FKH SRWHUR SRUWDU YLD JOLH OR SRUWRURQRFRP¶DQFRPROWHUREEHGHSDUWLDOLHWLQVLQROHYDURQR PROWLFHUFKLDOOLYDVVHOLHWOLSRUWRURQRYLD´241HOLOFDVWHOOR GL/RPHOORVXEuXQVDFFKHJJLRGDSDUWHGHOOHWUXSSHIUDQFHVL FKHQHGHYDVWDURQRJOLLQWHUQLSULYDQGRORGLRJQLDUUHGR 'DOUDIIURQWRGHJOLLQYHQWDULFRPSLODWLQHOODVVRGLWHPSRGLXQD YHQWLQD G¶DQQL WURYLDPR XQ SULPR ULVFRQWUR GHOOD GLVSRVL]LRQH LQWHUQD GHO FDVWHOOR &RQIURQWDQGR WDOL GRFXPHQWL FRQ OH RVVHUYD]LRQLIDWWHLQSUHFHGHQ]DDSURSRVLWRGHOO¶HQWLWjGHLODYRUL FRPPLVVLRQDWLGDOFRQWH$OHVVDQGUR&ULYHOOLDPHWjGHOµFKH JLjGRYHYDQRDYHUULYROX]LRQDWRODVWUXWWXUDGHOO¶HGL¿FLRqPROWR SUREDELOHFKHJOLDPELHQWLFLWDWLVLDQRJOLVWHVVLGHO;9,VHFROR (¶ SRVVLELOH FKH JOL HUHGL GHO &DUGLQDOH IRVVHUR LQWHUYHQXWL VRODPHQWH QHOOD GHFRUD]LRQH LQWHUQD GHJOL DPELHQWL 'DO UDIIURQWRULVXOWDLQROWUHFKHULVSHWWRDOODFRQIRUPD]LRQHRGLHUQD SRFRRQXOODqFDPELDWRQHOODTXDQWLWjHQHOODFRQIRUPD]LRQH GHOOHVWDQ]HULVSHWWRDOO¶HSRFDGHOODUHGD]LRQHGLWDOLGRFXPHQWL /¶HGL¿FLRQHO;9,,VHFRORHUDFRPSRVWRGDXQSLDQRLQWHUUDWR GDXQSLDQRULDO]DWRHGDXQSULPRSLDQRFKHFRUULVSRQGRQR JURVVRPRGR D TXHOOL RGLHUQL PHQWUH PDQFDYD GHO WXWWR LO VHFRQGRSLDQRDJJLXQWRLQVHJXLWR

24 $60L)LQDQ]D&RQ¿VFKHFDUW

133 Inventario del 1623

 Sala  &DPHUDLQWHVWDDOODVDOD  6DODGLVRSUD  &DPHUDSUHVVROD torretta  &DPHUDFRQWLJXD  &DPHUD&RQWH$QWRQLR  &DPHUDFRQWLJXD  &DPHUDFRQWLJXDYHUVR LOSRQWLOH    &DPHUDGHO&RQWH $PHGHR

Inventario del 1629

 Sala  &DPHUDLQWHVWDDOODVDOD  &DPHUDFRQWLJXD  6DODGLVRSUD

Inventario del 1634

 Sala  &DPHUDVHJXHQWH  $OWUD&DPHUD FDPHUD GHO&RQWH$PHGHR  &DPHUDVHJXHQWH  &DPHUDVHJXHQWH    3ULPDFDPHUD FDPHUD GHO&RQWH$QWRQLR  &DPHUDVHJXHQWH  Studio  6DODGLVRSUD

Inventario del 1636

 Sala  &DPHUDLQWHVWDDOODVDOD         6DORQHGLVRSUD     

134 A fronte I rapporti metrici dell’ ampliamento cinquecentesco 5HVWLWX]LRQHSODQLPHWULFD dei diversi inventari del FDVWHOORFRPSLODWLQHOOD 3DUWHQGRGDOSUHFLVRULOLHYRGHOO¶HGL¿FLRFRPSLXWRLQRFFDVLRQH SULPDPHWjGHO;9,, GLTXHVWLVWXGLVLqFHUFDWRGLDQDOL]]DUHLOFDVWHOORLQXQ¶RWWLFD VHFROR GLYHUVD ULFHUFDQGR O¶HVLVWHQ]D GL HYHQWXDOL UDSSRUWL PHWULFL Pagina successiva SURSRU]LRQDOL FRQFHQWUDQGRVL VRSUDWWXWWR QHOOD SDUWL OHJDWH in alto DOO¶DPSOLDPHQWRFLQTXHFHQWHVFRGHOO¶HGL¿FLR Costruzione dei due &RPH VL q GHWWR OD FRQIRUPD]LRQH SODQLPHWULFD GHULYDQWH UHWWDQJROLDXUHLGLPLVXUD HEUDFFLDFKH GDOO¶DQDOLVL GHJOL LQYHQWDUL VHLFHQWHVFKL FRLQFLGH PROWR GLPHQVLRQDQRODIDFFLDWD YHURVLPLOPHQWHFRQTXHOODGHOO¶HSRFDGHOFDUGLQDOH$OHVVDQGUR SRUWLFDWD,QWUDWWHJJLR 8Q HGL¿FLR TXDGULODWHUR FRPSRVWR GD XQ VHPLQWHUUDWR XQ URVVRODTXRWDSUHVXQWD GHOFRUQLFLRQH SLDQR ULDO]DWR H XQ SULPR SLDQR 8Q XOWHULRUH LQGL]LR VXOOD GLYHUVD DOWH]]D GHO IDEEULFDWR q ULVFRQWUDELOH QHOOD ULVHJD Pagina successiva GHOODPXUDWXUDSUHVHQWHQHOSURVSHWWRRYHVWGHOFRUWLOHLQWHUQR in basso Costruzione dei WUDFFLDSUHVXPLELOHGHOODSUHVHQ]DLQSDVVDWRGLXQFRUQLFLRQH rettangoli aurei di 5 e 8 6XOODEDVHGLTXHVWDULVXOWDQ]DqSRVVLELOHVXSSRUUHFKHDQFKH FKHEUDFFLDLGHQWL¿FDQR OD IDFFLDWD VXG FRVWUXLWD SHU YROHUH GHO &DUGLQDOH GRYHVVH OHGLPHQVLRQDQRGHOOH DYHUHXQ¶DOWH]]DHXQFRURQDPHQWRGLYHUVRULVSHWWRDOODIDVFLD FDPSDWHGHOSRUWLFDWRH O¶DOWH]]DGHOFRUQLFLRQH GL¿QHVWUHOOHSUHVHQWLDOJLRUQRG¶RJJL 3HU ULFHUFDUH HYHQWXDOL LQGL]L VXOOD SURSRU]LRQH GHO SURVSHWWR VL VRQR WUDVSRVWH OH DWWXDOL GLPHQVLRQL PHWULFKH QHOOH XQLWj FRHYH ORFDOL LGHQWL¿FDELOL QHO EUDFFLR SDYHVH GD FRVWUX]LRQH HTXLYDOHQWHDPHWUL25 ,O ULVXOWDWR GL TXHVWD HTXLYDOHQ]D FL UHVWLWXLVFH XQD ODUJKH]]D SDUL D  3UHQGHQGR FRPH ULIHULPHQWR SHU O¶DOWH]]D OD TXRWD GHOODULVHJDSUHFHGHQWHPHQWHFLWDWDRWWHQLDPRXQDPLVXUDGL  /D IDFFLDWD ULVXOWHUHEEH TXLQGL UDFFKLXVD LQ XQ UHWWDQJROR DYHQWLODEDVHGLEUDFFLDHLOODWRGLEUDFFLD 6XGGLYLGHQGRDVXDYROWDWDOHUHWWDQJRORDPHWjVLRWWHQJRQR GXHXOWHULRULUHWWDQJROLGLGLPHQVLRQHHEUDFFLD /HGXHPLVXUHHQRQVRQRDIIDWWRFDVXDOLSRLFKpVRQR OHJDWHGDOUDSSRUWRD E;ij GRYHij qHVSUHVVLRQHGHO UDSSRUWRDXUHR 26 7DOHUDSSRUWR ij   q YDORUH LUUD]LRQDOH QRQ SHULRGLFR QRQGH¿QLELOHVRWWRLOSUR¿ORDQDOLWLFRPDVRORHFRQDVVROXWD SUHFLVLRQHDWWUDYHUVRLOWUDFFLDPHQWRJHRPHWULFR/DFRQWLQXLWj GLULWPRFKHVLRWWLHQHGDOODVXDDSSOLFD]LRQHDOO¶LQWHUQRGLXQ FRQWHVWR VWUXWWXUDOH VRQR UDJLRQH GHOOD IUHTXHQ]D FRQ FXL

25 $$99Tavole di ragguaglio degli antichi pesi e misure degli stati di S. M. in Terraferma coi pesi e misure del sistema metrico decimaleS(G6WDPSHULD 5HDOH7RULQR 26 3DFLROL/De Divina Proportione9HQH]LD HGL]LRQHFRQVXOWDWD0LODQR  

135 136 137 Pagina precedente q XWLOL]]DWR QHO GLPHQVLRQDPHQWR GHOOH PHPEUDWXUH GL XQ in alto FRPSOHVVRDUFKLWHWWRQLFR27 ,OSXQWRGLLQWHUVH]LRQH IUDOHGLDJRQDOLDXUHHGHO /D IDFFLDWD ULVXOWHUHEEH SHUWDQWR FRVWLWXLWD GD GXH UHWWDQJROL UHWWDQJRORGLPLVXUD DXUHLDI¿DQFDWLFRVWUXLWRVXXQTXDGUDWRGLSDUWHQ]DDYHQWHODWR HEUDFFLDGHWHUPLQD EUDFFLD O¶DOWH]]DGHOO¶LPSRVWD GHOO¶DUFRHGHOOH¿QHVWUH 6XGGLYLGHQGRLQGXHLOODWRGLWDOHTXDGUDWRHFRVWUXHQGRVXO VHJPHQWR RWWHQXWR XQ QXRYR UHWWDQJROR DXUHR VL RWWLHQH DO Pagina precedente SLDQRWHUUHQRODVFDQVLRQHULWPLFDGHOSRUWLFDWR/¶LQWHUDDUFDWD in basso 6FKHPLULDVVXQWLYLGHOOD VHPEUHUHEEH FRQWHQXWD LQ XQ UHWWDQJROR DYHQWL L ODWL GL  H  costruzione aurea del EUDFFLD(QWUDPELLQXPHULDSSDUWHQHQWLDOODVHULHGL)LERQDFFL SURVSHWWRFRORQQDWR HOHJDWLDOOHVDFUHVFULWWXUHQRQVRQRDIIDWWRVRUSUHQGHQWLDQ]L GHOFRUWLOH Le linee tracciate in ULPDQGDQRFRHUHQWHPHQWHDOODFRHYDFXOWXUDULQDVFLPHQWDOH YHUGHFRUULVSRQGRQR $SSOLFDQGR OD PHGHVLPD RSHUD]LRQH GL FRVWUX]LRQH DO SULPR DOOHGLDJRQDOLDXUHH SLDQRVLRWWHUUHEEHODSRVL]LRQHGHOFRUQLFLRQHVXFXLSRJJLDQR le line tracciate in blu LGHQWL¿FDQRLTXDGUDWLGL OH¿QHVWUHGHOODJDOOHULD costruzione dei rettangoli ,GXHUHWWDQJROLDXUHLGLGLPHQVLRQLHEUDFFLDVHVXGGLYLVL DXUHLLQGLFDWLLQURVVR LQXOWHULRULUHWWDQJROLDXUHLGLPLVXUDHEUDFFLDVHPEUDQR $GLPHQVLRQDPHQWR LQGLYLGXDUH FRHUHQWHPHQWH WXWWH OH SDUWLWXUH DUFKLWHWWRQLFKH GHOODIDFFLDWD B  GHWHUPLQD]LRQH GHOODIDFFLDWD GHOODGLPHQVLRQHGHOOD 3URVHJXHQGRXOWHULRUPHQWHWUDFFLDQGRDOO¶LQWHUQRGHLUHWWDQJROL FDPSDWDGHOFRORQQDWR DXUHLOHGXHGLDJRQDOLFRPSOHPHQWDULLQFOLQDWHULVSHWWLYDPHQWH e dell’altezza del FRUQLFLRQH GL ƒ¶ H ƒ¶ VL RWWHUUHEEHUR OH TXRWH DO SLDQR WHUUHQR C GHWHUPLQD]LRQH GHOO¶LPSRVWDGHOO¶DUFRHDOSULPRSLDQRGHOO¶DOWH]]DGHOOH¿QHVWUH GHOO¶LPSRVWDGHOO¶DUFRH /D GLDJRQDOH D ƒ¶ LQROWUH LQTXDGUD OD ODUJKH]]D GHOOH GHOO¶DOWH]]DGHOOH¿QHVWUH 'GLPHQVLRQDPHQWR DSHUWXUHGHOODJDOOHULD GHOOH¿QHVWUH ,O GLVYHODUVL GL TXHVWD VHULH GL UDSSRUWL PHWULFR SURSRU]LRQDOL VHPEUDSUHVXSSRUUHFKHLOGLVHJQRGHOODIDFFLDWDQRQVLDIUXWWR GLSXUDFDVXDOLWjPDULÀHWWDXQDSUHFLVRSURJHWWRFRPSRVLWLYR 7HQHQGRSUHVHQWHFKHDOO¶HSRFDGHL&ULYHOOLO¶DFFHVVRDOFRUWLOH GHOFDVWHOORGRYHYDDYYHQLUHGDOODFRUWHUXVWLFDqSUREDELOHFKH TXHVWD YHQLVVH LGHQWL¿FDWD FRPH OD IDFFLDWD SULQFLSDOH GHOOD FRUWH ,QWDOHRWWLFDqOHFLWRVXSSRUUHFKHGRYHQGRVLDGHJXDUHDVWUXWWXUH HVLVWHQWLVXOTXDOHVLSRWHYDDJLUHVRORLQPDQLHUDSDU]LDOHJOL VIRU]L GHO SURJHWWLVWD VL VLDQR FRQFHQWUDWL PDJJLRUPHQWH VXO SURVSHWWRSLXWWRVWRFKHVXOODSODQLPHWULD $IURQWHGLTXHVWHULVXOWDQ]HODSUHVHQ]DGLXQSUHFLVRSURJHWWR GL IDFFLDWD LQ JUDGR GL UHJRODUH DUPRQLRVDPHQWH OD YDULH FRPSRQHQWL DUFKLWHWWRQLFKH SDUUHEEH VXSSRUWDUH DSSLHQR OD YRORQWjGHOODFRPPLWWHQWHGLQRELOLWDUHHGDJJLRUQDUHLOFDVWHOOR

27 0DQHQWL 9DOOL ) Oltre Misura, il linguaggio della belezza nel monastero benedettino di San Pietro a Reggio Emilia(G)UDQFR&RVLPR3DQLQL0RGHQD 

138 VHFRQGRLFDQRQLFRVWUXWWLYLGHOO¶HSRFD0ROWRSUREDELOPHQWHLO &DUGLQDOH$OHVVDQGUR&ULYHOOLVLDI¿GzDGXQDSHUVRQDTXDOL¿FDWD H FRQ XQD EXRQD FRQRVFHQ]D H GLPHVWLFKH]]D GHOOH SUDWLFKH ³«GHOEXRQFRVWUXLUH´

Un lento declino

$ VHJXLWR GHOOD FRQ¿VFD GHO  LO FDVWHOOR ULPDVH LQVLHPH DOOH DOWUH SURSULHWj GHL &ULYHOOL QHOOH PDQL GHOOD 5HJLD 'XFDO &DPHUDSHUGRGLFLDQQLHYHQQH¿QDOPHQWHUHVWLWXLWRDVHJXLWR GLXQOXQJRSURFHGLPHQWROHJDOHLQWHQWDWRGDJOLHUHGLGHOFRQWH $PHGHRQHOIUDWWHPSRGHFHGXWR ,OVHWWHPEUHXQDVHQWHQ]DGHOOD5HJLD'XFDO&DPHUD ULPHWWHYDDLFRQWL/XLJLH&DUOR$QWRQLR&ULYHOOLLOIHXGRGL/RPHOOR GL FXL YHQLYDQR LQYHVWLWL LO JLRUQR VXFFHVVLYR ULSUHQGHQGRQH HIIHWWLYRSRVVHVVRFRQistrumentoGHOHVHWWHPEUH28 8QDYHQWLQDG¶DQQLSLWDUGLLOQRYHPEUHLOFDVWHOORGL /RPHOORYHQQHDI¿WWDWRSHUODVRPPDGLFHQWROLUHLPSHULDOLDO FRQWH)UDQFHVFR9LVFRQWL'DOODOHWWXUDGHOFRQWUDWWRURJDWRGDO QRWDLRSDYHVH2WWDYLR$OHVVDQGUR0RQHWDVLDSSUHQGHFKHDO PRPHQWRGHOODORFD]LRQH³«GHWWRFDVWHOORSHUOHJXHUHSDVVDWH SHULVSD]LRG¶DQQLYHQWLQRQqVWDWRKDELWDWRSHUODTXDOFDXVD YLVDULDJUDQGLUXLQHHWKDGLELVRJQRGLJUDQGHUHSDUDWLRQL´29 5DIIURQWDQGROHGDWHVLLQWXLVFHFKHO¶HGL¿FLRFHVVzGLHVVHUH XI¿FLDOPHQWH XQD UHVLGHQ]D VWDELOH GHOOD IDPLJOLD &ULYHOOL D VHJXLWRGHOODFRQ¿VFDGHO 0ROWR SUREDELOPHQWH OD IDPLJOLD LQ VHJXLWR DO SURYYHGLPHQWR giudiziario e a causa delle condizioni avverse e insicure della /RPHOOLQD GHYDVWDWD GDO WUDQVLWR FRQWLQXR GL HVHUFLWL SUHIHUu VSRVWDUH OD SURSULR UHVLGHQ]D QHO SL VLFXUR IHXGR GL &DQHOOL 8QDYROWDUHFXSHUDWRLOSRVVHVVRGL/RPHOORORVWDWRURYLQRVRLQ FXLVLWURYDYDLOFDVWHOORHODPDQFDQ]DGLDUUHGLLQWHUQLGRYHWWHUR VFRUDJJLDUH L &ULYHOOL GDO ULWRUQDUH QHOOD SURSULD SUHFHGHQWH UHVLGHQ]DDELWXDOH &RQ LO SDVVDUH GHO WHPSR H FRQ LO GH¿QLWLYR DWWHVWDUVL GHOOD IDPLJOLD QHOO¶DVWLJLDQR LO IHXGR GL /RPHOOR SUHVXPLELOPHQWH GLYHQQHXQSRVVHGLPHQWRORQWDQRHVFRPRGRGDUDJJLXQJHUH SHU GL SL VLWXDWR LQ XQR 6WDWR VWUDQLHUR$ WDOL PRWLYD]LRQL VL DJJLXQJHYDLOIDWWRFKHOHSURSULHWjHUDQRLQODUJDSDUWHLQFROWH

28 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiperiodo terzoSFLW 29 $63Y$WWLGHL1RWDLFDUW

139 6WHPPDGHOODIDPLJOLD DFDXVDGHJOLHYHQWLEHOOLFLFKHDYHYDQRFDUDWWHUL]]DWRODJUDQ &ULYHOOLG¶,QYHULJR SDUWH GHO ;9,, VHFROR H JOL HGL¿FL ULPDVWL GLVDELWDWL SHU DOFXQL DQQL DEELVRJQDYDQR GL XUJHQWL ODYRUL GL PDQXWHQ]LRQH SHU L JXDVWL VXELWL QHO WHPSR 7DOLPRWLYD]LRQL LQGXVVHUR VXO ¿QLUH GHOVHFRORLOFRQWH&DUOR$QWRQLR&ULYHOOL6FDUDPSLSHUGLSL SULYR GL HUHGL GLUHWWL D SURSRUUH DOOD 5HJLD 'XFDO &DPHUD OD UHIXWD]LRQHGHOIHXGRVRWWRFRQGL]LRQHFKHQHIRVVHURLQYHVWLWL LIUDWHOOLPDUFKHVL)ODPLQLRHG(QHD&ULYHOOLDOXLOHJDWLGDYLQFROL GLVDQJXHHGDSSDUWHQHQWLDGXQUDPRFROODWHUDOHGHOODIDPLJOLD DQFRUD UHVLGHQWH QHO 'XFDWR GL 0LODQR /¶DFFRUGR VWLSXODWR SUHYHGHYDLOSDJDPHQWRDOPDUFKHVHGL&DQHOOLGLOLUH ,PSHULDOLHDOOD5HJLD'XFDO&DPHUDXQDTXRWDVWDELOLWDSHURJQL QXFOHRIDPLJOLDUHSUHVHQWHD/RPHOOR30 ,O  JLXJQR  DYYHQLYD D 0LODQR O¶DWWR GL UHIXWD]LRQH H G¶LQYHVWLWXUD GHO IHXGR FRQ OD FRQVHJQD GHOOD VSDGD HG LO JLXUDPHQWRGLIHGHOWjDOVRYUDQRPHQWUHLOJLRUQRLPDUFKHVL )ODPLQLRHG(QHDSUHVHURXI¿FLDOPHQWHSRVVHVVRGHOERUJRGL /RPHOOR31 $ VHJXLWR GL TXHVWD FHULPRQLD LO FDVWHOOR GL /RPHOOR FHVVz GL HVVHUHXQDSURSULHWjGHOODIDPLJOLD&ULYHOOL6FDUDPSL32SDVVDQGR DIDUSDUWHGHLEHQLSHUWLQHQWLDL&ULYHOOLG¶,QYHULJR33 $ FDXVD GHOOD PDQFDQ]D GL IRQWL GRFXPHQWDULH QRQ VH QH KD OD FHUWH]]D PD q SODXVLELOH FKH L QXRYL IHXGDWDUL DYHQGR LQYHVWLWRXQ¶LQJHQWHTXDQWLWjGLGHQDURQHOO¶DFTXLVWRGHOIHXGR VL SUHRFFXSDVVHUR GHOOR VWDWR GHL IDEEULFDWL H GHL WHUUHQL 3UHVXPLELOPHQWHIHFHURHVHJXLUHODYRULGLULVWUXWWXUD]LRQHQHOOH YDULHSURSULHWjSHUSRWHUUHQGHUHGLQXRYRSURGXWWLYHOHWHQXWH DJULFROHHSLHQDPHQWHXWLOL]]DELOLJOLHGL¿FL6LSXROHFLWDPHQWH VXSSRUUH FKH DQFKH LO FDVWHOOR VLD VWDWR LQWHUHVVDWR GD WDOH DWWLYLWjPDQXWHQWLYD 1HO  GXUDQWH OD JXHUUD GL 6XFFHVVLRQH 6SDJQROD OD /RPHOOLQD YHQQH LQYDVD H FRQTXLVWDWD GDOOH WUXSSH 6DEDXGH il suo territorio stralciato dal Ducato di Milano e annesso al 3LHPRQWH , &ULYHOOL G¶,QYHULJR GLYHQXWL D ORUR YROWD VXGGLWL GHO GXFD GL

30 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiperiodo terzo, SFLW 31 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiperiodo terzo, SFLW 32 3HUYLVLRQDUHO¶DOEHURJHQHDORJLFRGHLFRQWLGL/RPHOORDSSDUWHQHQWLDOUDPR &ULYHOOL6FDUDPSLFIU$60LRiva Finolo 33 3HUYLVLRQDUHO¶DOEHURJHQHDORJLFRGHLFRQWLGL/RPHOORDSSDUWHQHQWLDOUDPR &ULYHOOL G¶,QYHULJR FIU$60L Riva Finolo 0LOOL ( Famiglie nobili in Lombardia 7DYROHJHQHDORJLFKHYRO0LODQR

140 6DYRLDSUHVWDURQRJLXUDPHQWRGLIHGHOWjTXHOO¶DQQRVWHVVR34 6XFFHVVLYDPHQWH DOO¶DFTXLVWR GHO  QRQ HVLVWH DOFXQ GRFXPHQWRFKHDWWHVWLO¶XWLOL]]RGHOFDVWHOORFRPHUHVLGHQ]DGHOOD IDPLJOLDDQFKHSHUEUHYLSHULRGLOHJDWLDOUDFFROWR(¶SUREDELOH FKHTXHVWRHQQHVLPRSDVVDJJLRQHLWHUULWRULGLXQR6WDWRHVWHUR DEELD GHWHUPLQDWR OD GHFLVLRQH GL ULVHUYDUH GH¿QLWLYDPHQWH O¶HGL¿FLRDOODORFD]LRQH ,O SULPR GRFXPHQWR GHO ;9,,, VHFROR GRYH VLD FRQWHQXWD XQD GHVFUL]LRQHGHOFDVWHOORULVDOHDOTXDQGRDVHJXLWRGHOOD PRUWHGHOPDUFKHVH7LEHULR&ULYHOOLLOIUDWHOOR)ODPLQLRDVVXQVH ODWXWHODGHLQLSRWLPLQRUHQQLSUHGLVSRQHQGRO¶LQYHQWDULRGLWXWWH OHSURSULHWj/¶HGL¿FLRYLHQHGHVFULWWRFRPH³,OFDVWHOORFRQVXD IRVVD&DVDDQQHVVDDOVXGHWWRFDVWHOORFRQDOFXQLDOWULOXRJKL HW$OWUD FDVD SXUH DQQHVVD DO GHWWR FDVWHOOR´35 &RQIURQWDQGR questa descrizione con quelle contenute negli inventari VHFHQWHVFKL VL QRWD FRPH QRQ IRVVHUR LQWHUFRUVH SDUWLFRODUL PRGL¿FKH Prova certa della locazione del castello si trova nel testo del FRQWUDWWRGLDI¿WWRGHOSUHVWLQRGL/RPHOORULVDOHQWHDO)UD OH FRQGL]LRQL GHOO¶DFFRUGR YLHQH JDUDQWLWD DO FRQWUDHQWH ³ OD UDJJLRQH GL VHUYLUVL XQLWDPHQWH FRQ O¶DI¿WWXDULR GHO FDVWHOOR GL /XPHOORGHOODVROLWDHFRQVXHWDJLD]HUDGDHPSLUVLRJQLDQQR´36 ,O QRPH GHOO¶DQRQLPR ORFDWDULR YLHQH FLWDWR LQVLHPH DG DOWUL QHOO¶LQYHQWDULRGHLOLYHOOLGHOOD/RPHOOLQDIDWWRFRPSLODUHQHO LQRFFDVLRQHGHOODUHYLVLRQHGHJOLDFFRUGLVWLSXODWLQHOIUD LIUDWHOOL(QHD*LRYDQQLH)ODPLQLRSHUODGLYLVLRQHGHOO¶HUHGLWj GHOSDGUHLOPDUFKHVH7LEHULR 'DOGRFXPHQWRVLDSSUHQGHFKHLOFDVWHOOR¿QRDOO¶QRYHPEUH  HUD FRQFHVVR LQ ORFD]LRQH D *LRYDQQL 3RUWDOXSSL SHU LO SUH]]R GL OLUH  PHQWUH VXFFHVVLYDPHQWH DO FDQRQLFR *LXVHSSH 9DOOHJJLDQL SHU OD VRPPD GL OLUH 37 8Q¶XOWHULRUH FRQIHUPDGLTXHVWRIDWWRVLULWURYDQHOO¶LQYHQWDULRGHOOHSURSULHWj GHO 0DUFKHVH (QHD FRPSLODWR QHO  D VHJXLWR GHOOD VXD PRUWH GRYH VL ULSRUWD FKH ³,O &DQRQLFR *LXVHSSH 9DOHJLDQR WLHQHLQDI¿WWRLO&DVWHOORGL/XPHOORFRQODUDJLRQHGHOODFRUWH GHOOHVWDOHSHULO¿WWRGLOLUH´38 /D SULPD UDSSUHVHQWD]LRQH FDUWRJUD¿FD GHOO¶HGL¿FLR VL WURYD QHOOHPDSSHGHO&DWDVWR6DEDXGRGHO,OFDVWHOORDSSDUH

34 =XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle originiperiodo terzoSFLW 35 $60L$WWLGHL1RWDLFDUW 36 $60L$WWLGHL1RWDLFDUW 37 $60LCrivelli Giulini - AraldicaFDUW 38 $60LCrivelli Giulini - AraldicaFDUW

141 LVRODWR FLUFRQGDWR GD XQ IRVVDWR H FROOHJDWR GD GXH SRQWL OHYDWRLULVSHWWLYDPHQWHDOODFRUWHUXVWLFDFRQOHVXHSHUWLQHQ]H GLVHUYL]LRHDOODSLD]]DSXEEOLFDDQWLVWDQWH39/DFRQIRUPD]LRQH SODQLPHWULFDUDSSUHVHQWDWDQHOGLVHJQRULFDOFDTXHOODLOOXVWUDWD VLDQHOOHGHVFUL]LRQLVHLFHQWHVFKHFKHLQTXHOODGHO4XHVWR FRQIHUPDFRPHQHOFRUVRGHO;9,,H;9,,,VHFRORSHUOHYDULH PRWLYD]LRQLFLWDWHLQSUHFHGHQ]DQRQIRVVHURVWDWHDSSRUWDWH VLJQL¿FDWLYHPRGL¿FKHDOODVWUXWWXUDGHOFDVWHOOR1HOparcellario GHOO¶HSRFDODSURSULHWjLGHQWL¿FDWDFRQLQXPHULGLPDSSD HHUDLQWHVWDWDDOPDUFKHVH7LEHULR Crivelli40 1RQFLVRQRSHUYHQXWLXOWHULRULGRFXPHQWLULJXDUGDQWLODVHFRQGD PHWj GHO ;9,,, VHFROR O¶ GLFHPEUH  WXWWDYLD YHQQH QXRYDPHQWHVWLSXODWRXQFRQWUDWWRGLDI¿WWRGHOFDVWHOORGHOOD GXUDWDGLGRGLFLDQQLWUDLOPDUFKHVH&ULYHOOLHLO5HWWRUH3LHWUR *LXVHSSH&RORPER41 ,O SULPR DSULOH  LO JLXGLFH GL SDFH GL 0HGH &DUOR &RULQL VWLSXOzLQVLHPHDOSDGUH0LFKHOHXQFRQWUDWWRGLVXEDI¿WWRFRQ LO VLJQRU &RORPER DI¿WWXDULR GHO FDVWHOOR H FRQ LO PDUFKHVH &ULYHOOLLPSHJQDQGRVLLQROWUHDSDUWLUHGDOO¶QRYHPEUH D GLYHQWDUH HJOL VWHVVR ORFDWDULR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR SHU GRGLFL DQQL GLHWUR SDJDPHQWR GL XQ FDQRQH DQQXR GL  OLUH42$ SDUWLUH GD TXHVWD GDWD OD IDPLJOLD &RULQL FRPLQFLz VWDELOPHQWH DG DELWDUHQHOFDVWHOORSUHRFFXSDQGRVLGLVYROJHUHDQFKHDOFXQH RSHUD]LRQLGLPDQXWHQ]LRQH43 /¶DQQR VXFFHVVLYR PRUu LO PDUFKHVH 7LEHULR &ULYHOOL HG L VXRL HUHGL L ¿JOL (QHD 3DROR H )ODPLQLR ULWURYDQGRVL LQ GLI¿FROWj HFRQRPLFD D FDXVD GHL GHELWL DFFXPXODWL GDO SDGUH GHFLVHUR GL YHQGHUH DOFXQH GHOOH ORUR SURSULHWj SHU UHSHULUH OLTXLGLWj ,O  PDU]R  YHQQH FRPSLODWD XQD PLQXWD FRQWHQHQWH LO WHVWRGHOO¶DYYLVRFKHIXSXEEOLFDWRSHULQGLUHODYHQGLWDDOO¶DVWD GH ³ O¶LQWLHUR FDVHJJLDWR FRPSRQHQWH LO FDVWHOOR GL /XPHOOR GLSDUWLPHQWRGHOO¶$JRJQDFRQVLVWHQWHLQGLYHUVHVWDQ]HDOSLDQR WHUUHQR H VXSHULRUL FRUWLOH SRUWLFR VWDQ]H UXVWLFKH HG DOWUR FRPH ULWURYDVL QHOOR VWDWR SUHQVHQWDQHR VRWWR OH VXH QRWRULH FRHUHQ]H´44 1RQRVWDQWH OD SXEEOLFD]LRQH GHOO¶DYYLVR O¶DVWD QRQGRYHWWHVRUWLUHO¶HIIHWWRVSHUDWRGDOPRPHQWRFKHO¶HGL¿FLR

39 $67R Catasto FDUW 3) DOOHJDWR $ $UFKLYLR 6WRULFR &RPXQDOH GL /RPHOOR)RQGR0DSSH 40 $67RCatastoFDUW3)DOOHJDWR' 41 $60LCrivelli Giulini - Possedimenti famigliariBalossa BigliFDUW 42 $60LAtti dei 1RWDLFDUW 43 $60LCrivelli Giulini - Possedimenti familiari - Balossa BigliFDUW 44 $60LCrivelli Giulini - Possedimenti familiari - Balossa BigliFDUW

142 YHQQHHIIHWWLYDPHQWHYHQGXWRVRODPHQWHWUHDQQLSLWDUGL ,O  GLFHPEUH  VWLSXODQGR XQD VFULWWXUD SULYDWD FRQ L PDUFKHVL &ULYHOOL O¶DI¿WWXDULR &DUOR &RULQL FRPSUz DO SUH]]R GLOLUHLWDOLDQHLOFDVWHOORGL/RPHOORFRQLVXRLFRQQHVVL H LO GLULWWR GL RWWHQHUH GLHWUR FDXVD SHQDOH LO SH]]R GL WHUUD SRVVHGXWR LOOHJDOPHQWH GD WHU]L LGHQWL¿FDWR QHL PDSSDOL FRO QXPHUR45/HYLFHQGHUHODWLYHDTXHVWRDSSH]]DPHQWRGL WHUUHQR VRQR XWLOL SHU ULFRVWUXLUH OR VWDWR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR QHL SULPL DQQLGHO;,;VHFROR,OJLXGLFH&RULQLLQXQDOHWWHUDLQGLUL]]DWD DO PDUFKHVH &ULYHOOL VSLHJz FKH ³« QHOO¶DFTXLVWR FKH LR IHFL GL TXHVWR GL OHL FDVWHOOR KR DYXWR GL PLUD FRPH HOOD EHQ VD LOYLFLQRSUDWRVHQ]DGHOTXDOHQRQVLSRWHYDDVVROXWDPHQWH DUULYDUH DO SUH]]R GD PH SURPHVVR SHU XQ IDEEULFDWR WXWWR GLURFDQWH´46'DOOR VFULWWRDSSDUH HYLGHQWH FRPHLOFDVWHOORDO PRPHQWRGHOO¶DFTXLVWRGRYHVVHHVVHUHLQFRQGL]LRQLGLSUHFDULD FRQVHUYD]LRQHHQHFHVVLWDQWHGLXUJHQWLODYRULGLULVWUXWWXUD]LRQH ,OSUDWRLQTXHVWLRQHYHQQHGH¿QLWLYDPHQWHUHFXSHUDWRLOOXJOLR GHOTXDQGRLOSURSULHWDULRLOOHJDOH$QGUHD&DSULVULQXQFLz D SURVHJXLUH OD VXD GLIHVD QHOOD FDXVD LQWHQWDWDJOL GDO QXRYR SURSULHWDULR47

La famiglia Crivelli e i feudi di e Lomello

,OUDSSRUWRIHXGDOHIUDODIDPLJOLD&ULYHOOLHOHORFDOLWjGL'RUQR H/RPHOORGXUDIUDDOWHUQHIRUWXQHDOO¶LQFLUFDWUHVHFROLHPH]]R $SSDUWHQHQWH DOO¶DOWD QRELOWj PLODQHVH HVWUDQHD DO WHUULWRULR FRPH GHWWR LQ SUHFHGHQ]D RWWHQQH L GXH IHXGL LQ HSRFD VIRU]HVFDFRPHULFRPSHQVDSHULSURSULVHUYLJL7DOHPRGDOLWj GLLQIHXGD]LRQHFRPXQHDPROWHDOWUHIDPLJOLHQRELOLGHOGXFDWR GL0LODQRULVSHFFKLDODSROLWLFDRSHUDWDGDJOL6IRU]DDOODPHWD ;9VHFRORQHLFRQIURQWLGHOODUHJLRQH48,&ULYHOOLFKHVLYHGRQR ULFRQIHUPDUH O¶LQYHVWLWXUD GXUDQWH WXWWD OD VHFRQGD PHWj GHO 4XDWWURFHQWRSHUVHJXLURQRFRPHDOWUHIDPLJOLHQRELOLGHOO¶HSRFD XQDVWUDWHJLDGLDFFUHVFLPHQWRHFRQVROLGDPHQWRGHOODSURSULD SUHVHQ]D FRQGRWWD PHGLDQWH O¶DFTXLVWR GL LPPRELOL GL WHUUHQL

45 $60LCrivelli Giulini - Possedimenti familiari - Balossa BigliFDUW 46 $60LCrivelli Giulini - Possedimenti familiari - Balossa BigliFDUW 47 $60LCrivelli Giulini - Possedimenti familiari - Balossa BigliFDUW 48 &RYLQL1In Lomellina nel Quattrocento: il declino delle stirpi locali e i “feudi accomprati” in Poteri signorili e feudali nelle campagne dell’Italia settentrionale fra Tre e Quattrocento: fondamenti di legittimità e forme di esercizio in Atti del FRQYHJQRSS0LODQR

143 GL SRVVHVVLRQL GL GLULWWL GL DFTXH H GL HQWUDWH ¿VFDOL49 1HO FDWDVWR GL &DUOR 9 WURYLDPR XQD SULPD WHVWLPRQLDQ]D VFULWWD GHOODFRQVLVWHQ]DGHOSDWULPRQLR Crivelli508QTXDGURSLFRPSOHWR WXWWDYLD OR SRVVLDPR RWWHQHUH dall’analisi degli inventari stilati QHO ;9,, VHFROR LQ RFFDVLRQH GHOOHQXPHURVHFRQ¿VFKHVXELWH GDO &RQWH $PHGHR GRYH OH SURSULHWj WHUULHUH HG LPPRELOL YHQJRQRHOHQFDWHHVWLPDWH51 7DOHFRQVLVWHQ]DDFFXPXODWDQHO ;9H;9,VHFRORULPDQHLQYDULDWD SHUWXWWRLO;9,,VHFRORDFDXVD GHLIDWWLG¶DUPHFKHLQWHUHVVDQRH LPSRYHULVFRQRODUHJLRQHFRPH JLjULSRUWDWRLQSUHFHGHQ]D 6ROR FRQ LO SDVVDJJLR GHL GXH IHXGL GDOOD IDPLJOLD &ULYHOOL 6FDUDPSL DOOD IDPLJOLD &ULYHOOL G¶,QYHULJR YHUVR OD ¿QH GHO VHFROR DVVLVWLDPR DG XQD QXRYD FDPSDJQD GL DFTXLVWR GL SURSULHWj WHUULHUH WHVD VRSUDWWXWWR DO PLJOLRUDPHQWR H DOO¶DFFUHVFLPHQWRGHOSDWULPRQLR HVLVWHQWHDFFRPSDJQDWRGDXQD generale ristrutturazione delle SURSULHWjLPPRELOLDUL52 6L WUDWWD WXWWDYLD GHOO¶XOWLPD RSHUD]LRQHIRQGLDULDGLXQDFHUWD LPSRUWDQ]D RSHUDWD GDL &ULYHOOL PROWR SUREDELOPHQWH DQFKH LQ ragione dell’annessione della UHJLRQH DOOR VWDWR VDEDXGR DYYHQXWDGLOuSRFRHTXLQGLGHL

49 3HUXQTXDGURFRPSOHWRGHOOHDFTXLVL]LRQLYHGL$60LCrivelli Giulini Registri FDUW 50 $UFKLYLR6WRULFR&LYLFRGL0LODQR %LEOLRWHFD7ULYXO]LDQD Località foresiFDUW  51 $60L)LQDQ]D&RQ¿VFKHFDUWW 52 $60LCrivelli Giulini RegistriFDUW

144 A fronte PXWDWL LQWHUHVVL GL LQYHVWLPHQWR SUREDELOPHQWH ULYROWL YHUVR 3ODQLPHWULHGHJOLDELWDWL DOWUHSURSULHWj GL'RUQRH/RPHOORQHO WUDWWHGDO&DWDVWR 3HU WXWWR LO ;9,,, VHFROR OD VLWXD]LRQH ULPDQH LQYDULDWD SHU 6DEDXGR SHJJLRUDUH GH¿QLWLYDPHQWH DOO¶LQL]LR GHO ;,; VHFROR 5LOHYDQWL In rosso sono indicate le GLI¿FROWjHFRQRPLFKHLPSRQJRQRDOODIDPLJOLDODYHQGLWDGHOOD SURSULHWjGHOODIDPLJOLD &ULYHOOL PDJJLRU SDUWH GHOOH SRVVHVVLRQL H GHJOL LPPRELOL SUHVHQWL LQ 'RUQRH/RPHOOR53'RSRWUHVHFROLHPH]]RL&ULYHOOLVFRPSDLRQR In basso GDOOHGXHORFDOLWj Carte del Catasto Sabaudo del 1761 5LSRUWDQGRVXOOHPDSSHGHO&DWDVWR6DEDXGRTXDQWRLQGLFDWR relative al territorio di QHL UHODWLYL SDUFHOODUL DOIDEHWLFL SRVVLDPR DYHUH XQ¶LGHD GHOOD /RPHOOR FRQVLVWHQ]DHGHOO¶XELFD]LRQHGHOOHSURSULHWjGHOODIDPLJOLD ,QURVVROHSURSULHWjGHOOD IDPLJOLD&ULYHOOL (¶ LQWHUHVVDQWH QRWDUH FRPH D /RPHOOR YL VLD PDJJLRUH FRQFHQWUD]LRQHGLLPPRELOLVRSUDWWXWWRQHOFHQWURGHOSDHVHH GLWHUUHQLOLEHULPHQWUHD'RUQRGLJUDQGLSRVVHVVLRQLORQWDQH GDOFHQWURDELWDWR &DVFLQD%DWWHUD&DVFLQD*UDQGH&DVFLQD GHO %RVFKHWWR &DVFLQD 3RYHULQD  7DOH GLYHUVLWj WURYD XQD

53 $60LCrivelli Giulini - Possedimenti familiari - Balossa BigliFDUW

145 VSLHJD]LRQH QHO IDWWR FKH OD VHGH GHO SRWHUH IHXGDOH IRVVH D /RPHOORGRYHHUDDQFKHSUHVHQWHLOFDVWHOORHJOLHGL¿FLVHGH GHOOHJLXULVGL]LRQLOHJDWHDLSRWHULGHOIHXGDWDULR/DUHVLGHQ]D XI¿FLDOHGHOODIDPLJOLD&ULYHOOL6FDUDPSLULPDVH¿QRDOOD¿QHGHO ;9,,VHFRORLOFDVWHOORGL/RPHOORHVXGLHVVDVLFRQFHQWUDURQR OH FRPPLVVLRQL GL DWWLYLWj HGL¿FDWRULH H GHFRUDWLYH $QFKH D

146 A fronte 'RUQR L &ULYHOOL SRVVHGHYDQR XQD UHVLGHQ]D LO SDOD]]R GHWWR Carte del Catasto GHO %RVFKHWWR FRQ DQQHVVD FDVFLQD WXWWDYLD GDOO¶DQDOLVL GHL Sabaudo del 1761 relative al territorio di GRFXPHQWL UHODWLYL DOOD IDPLJOLD QRQ QH HPHUJH LQ TXHVWR /RPHOOR SHULRGRXQXVRFRQWLQXDWLYRQHOWHPSR54 ,QURVVROHSURSULHWj 6ROWDQWR LQ RFFDVLRQH GHOOD FHVVLRQH GHL GXH IHXGL DL &ULYHOOL GHOODIDPLJOLD&ULYHOOL 6LSRVVRQRQRWDUHOH G¶,QYHULJRTXHVWRUDSSRUWRYHQQHPXWDWRLQIDYRUHGHOSDOD]]R SRVVHVVLRQL&DVVLQD GHO%RVFKHWWRGRYHFRPLQFLDURQRDULVLHGHUHJOLDJHQWHGHOOD GHO%RVFKHWWR&DVVLQD IDPLJOLD H SUREDELOPHQWH L PHPEUL VWHVVL LQ RFFDVLRQH GHOOH %DWWHUD&DVVLQD*UDQGH H&DVVLQD3RYHULQD YLVLWHVDOWXDULH(YLGHQ]DGLTXHVWDLQYHUVLRQHGLWHQGHQ]DVRQR ODPDQFDQ]DGLLQYHQWDULUHODWLYLDOFDVWHOORHODFRQWHPSRUDQHD DEERQGDQ]D GL LQYHQWDUL SHUWLQHQWL DO SDOD]]R GHO %RVFKHWWR SHUWXWWRO¶DUFRGHO;9,,,VHFROR557DOHFDPELDPHQWRFDJLRQH SULQFLSDOH GHO SURJUHVVLYR DEEDQGRQR GHO FDVWHOOR GL /RPHOOR QHOO¶XOWLPR SHULRGR GL SURSULHWj GHOOD IDPLJOLD &ULYHOOL q GD ULFRQGXUVLPROWRSUREDELOPHQWHDOODPXWDWHHVLJHQ]HDELWDWLYH GHOO¶HSRFDFKHWURYDYDQRPDJJLRUHULVSRQGHQ]DQHJOLDPELHQWL GLXQDYLOODVLFXUDPHQWHGLSLIDFLOHRUJDQL]]D]LRQH

La famiglia Corini

/¶DFTXLVWRGHOFDVWHOORGDSDUWHGHL&RULQLFRVWLWXLVFHXQSXQWR GL ULQDVFLWD SHU O¶HGL¿FLR FKH WRUQD DG HVVHUH XWLOL]]DWR FRPH DELWD]LRQH GL XQ FHUWR SUHVWLJLR VHSSXU ERUJKHVH D WLWROR FRQWLQXDWLYR 0HQWUH L SDVVDJJL GL SURSULHWj VRQR IDFLOPHQWH ricostruibili56 OD VFDUVLWj GL GRFXPHQWD]LRQH LQHUHQWH OD IDPLJOLDUHQGHDOTXDQWRDUGXRVWDELOLUHFRQSUHFLVLRQHODUHDOH consistenza dei lavori di ristrutturazione svolti nel castello GXUDQWHLO;,;VHFRORSHUPHWWHQGRVROWDQWRODIRUPXOD]LRQHGL DOFXQHLSRWHVL Nel 186057DOODVFRPSDUVDGL&DUOR&RULQLLOFDVWHOORSDVVzLQ HUHGLWjDO¿JOLR0LFKHOH58FKHQHPDQWHQQHLOSRVVHVVR¿QRDOOD PRUWHQHOODVFLDQGRORLQXVXIUXWWRDOODFXJLQD7HUHVDHLQ HUHGLWjDOQLSRWH$QJHOR&RULQLXOWLPRHVSRQHQWHGHOODIDPLJOLD &RQIURQWDQGR OD WDYROD GHOO¶,VWLWXWR *HRJUD¿FR 0LOLWDUH59 ed il

54 $60LCrivelli Giulini - Araldica 55 $60LCrivelli Giulini - Araldica 56 3HU DYHUH XQD FRPSOHWD YLVLRQH GHL SDVVDJJL GL SURSULHWj GHO FDVWHOOR GDO PRPHQWRGHOODUHGD]LRQHGHO&DWDVWR6DEDXGRFIU$UFKLYLR6WRULFR&RPXQDOHGL /RPHOOR)RQGR0DSSH 57 $63Y$WWLGHL1RWDLFDUW 58 $UFKLYLR1RWDULOHGL&DVDOH0RQIHUUDWR$WWLGHL1RWDLFDUW 59 3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQR6HUYL]LR'RFXPHQWD]LRQH7HVLH&DUWRJUD¿D&DUWRJUD¿D 6WRULFD$UFKLYLGL6WDWR

147 A fronte QXRYR &DWDVWR 7HUUHQL60 FRQ LO &DWDVWR 6DEDXGR GHO  VL (¶SRVVLELOHQRWDUH QRWDQRDOFXQHLPSRUWDQWLPRGL¿FKHQHOODVDJRPDGHOO¶HGL¿FLR l’evoluzione del FRPSOHVVRGHOFDVWHOOR 6RQR VFRPSDUVL LO SRQWH OHYDWRLR YHUVR OD FRUWH H OD SDUWH GL UDIIURQWDQGRODVDJRPD IRVVDWR DQWLVWDQWH OH GLSHQGHQ]H VRVWLWXLWL GD XQD QXRYD DOD QHOODSODQLPHWULDGHO FRVWUXLWDVXOVHGLPHGHOPXURGLFLQWDVHWWHQWULRQDOHGHOFDVWHOOR Catasto Sabaudo GHO LQDOWR  *OL HGL¿FL FKH FLUFRQGDYDQR OD FRUWH UXVWLFD LQ SUHFHGHQ]D GHOO¶,*0GHO VHSDUDWLHGLVWDQWLO¶XQRGDOO¶DOWURFRVWLWXLVFRQRXQXQLFRFRUSRGL LQPH]]R HGHO IDEEULFD,OIRVVDWRLQWRUQRDOO¶HGL¿FLRqVWDWRFROPDWRSHUIRUPDUH 1XRYR&DWDVWR7HUUHQL GHO LQEDVVR  LQVLHPHFRQLOSH]]RGLSUDWRGLFXLVLqSDUODWRLQSUHFHGHQ]D XQJLDUGLQRSULYDWRUDFFKLXVRGDXQPXURSHULPHWUDOH *UD]LHDOOHLQIRUPD]LRQLULSRUWDWHVXDOFXQLGRFXPHQWLFRHYLq VWDWRSRVVLELOHVWDELOLUHSHUORPHQRXQODVVRGLWHPSRGXUDQWH LO TXDOH VLDQR VWDWL FRPSLXWL L ODYRUL LQHUHQWL OD QXRYD DOD GHO FDVWHOORHLOJLDUGLQRPHQWUHODWRWDOHPDQFDQ]DGLULVFRQWULKD UHVR LQYHFH LPSRVVLELOH ULFRVWUXLUH O¶HYROX]LRQH GHJOL HGL¿FL GL VHUYL]LRSUHVHQWLQHOODFRUWHUXVWLFD 8QDODSLGHDSSHVDDOO¶HVWHUQRGHOFDVWHOOR61 ricorda il soggiorno QHOO¶HGL¿FLRIUDLOHLOPDJJLRGHOJHQHUDOH*LXODM&DSR di Stato Maggiore dell’esercito Austriaco durante la seconda JXHUUDG¶LQGLSHQGHQ]D /R VFULWWRUH WHGHVFR +DQV :DFKHQKXVHQ FRUULVSRQGHQWH GL JXHUUDSUHVVRLOTXDUWLHUHJHQHUDOHDXVWULDFRQHOVXRURPDQ]R VFULWWRLQIRUPDGLGLDULRFKHUDFFRJOLHWXWWLLUDSSRUWLGDOIURQWH62 scrive: “... /RPHOOR XQ WHPSR OD FDSLWDOH GL TXHVWD SURYLQFLD DO WHPSR GL 0DULD 7HUHVD HUD IRUWL¿FDWR H FLUFRQGDWR GD XQD FLQWD GL PXUD$ WDOH HSRFD ULVDOH O¶XQLFR HGL¿FLR QRWHYROH LQ WXWWD/RPHOORXQFDVWHOORFKHDGHVVRDSSDUWLHQHDOO¶DYYRFDWR FDYDOLHUH &RULQL ,O FDVWHOOR FLUFRQGDWR GD XQ PXUR GL FLQWD H GDXQIRVVDWRWHQXWRRUDDJLDUGLQRVXOTXDOHSDVVDXQSRQWH OHYDWRLR RIIUH FRQ L SRUWLFDWL DSHUWL FKH FLUFRQGDQR LO FRUWLOH XQ DXWHQWLFR VFRUFLR IHXGDOH ,Q TXHVWR FDVWHOOR KD DELWDWR LO FRPDQGDQWHLQFDSRFRQWH*LXOD\/HVHQWLQHOOHPRQWDYDQROD JXDUGLD GDYDQWL DO FDVWHOOR QHOOH VDOH RFFXSDWH GDO FRPDQGR F¶HUDQR RVSLWDOL WDYROL DSSDUHFFKLDWL GRYH YHQLYDQR VHUYLWL JOL XI¿FLDOLLQDUULYRFRQLUDSSRUWL1HOFRUWLOHLOFRUSRGLJXDUGLHLQ JUXSSL SLWWRULFL VHGHYD VXOOD SDJOLD GLHWUR DOOH VXH SLUDPLGL GL IXFLOL,QEUHYHLOWXWWRUDSSUHVHQWDYDXQGLSLQWRHVWUHPDPHQWH LQWHUHVVDQWH PLOLWDUHVFR H DO FRQWHPSR URPDQWLFR *OL XI¿FL

60 3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQR6HUYL]LR'RFXPHQWD]LRQH7HVLH&DUWRJUD¿D&DUWRJUD¿D 6WRULFD$UFKLYLGL6WDWR 61 /DSLGHQRQGDWDELOHDOO¶LQWHUQRGHO*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQR 62 :DFKHQKXVHQ + Tagebuch vom italienischen Kriegsschauplatz aus dem Hauptquartier(G9HUODJV&RPSWRLU%HUOLQ

148 FRVL FRPH JOL LOOXVWUL PHPEUL GHOOR VWDWR PDJJLRUH HUDQR SDULPHQWL DFTXDUWLHUDWL LQ TXHVWR FDVWHOOR OD VHGH GHOOD SRVWD PLOLWDUH VL DFFRQWHQWDYD GL XQD PLVHUD FDSDQQDGHOOXRJRHDYHYDLOVXRXI¿FLRLQ XQDFXFLQD´ 'DOOD GHVFUL]LRQH GL :DFKHQKXVHQ DSSUHQGLDPR GXH LQWHUHVVDQWL SDUWLFRODUL QHO  HUD DQFRUD SUHVHQWH LO SRQWH OHYDWRLR GHOOD WRUUHWWD G¶LQJUHVVR RUD VRVWLWXLWRGDXQSRQWHLQPXUDWXUDHGHUD JLjVWDWRUHDOL]]DWRFROPDQGRLOIRVVDWRLO JLDUGLQRFLQWDWRPDQWHQXWRVL¿QRDJOLDQQL µGHO;,;VHFROR 8Q XOWHULRUH ULVFRQWUR D FRQIHUPD GHOOD VXGGHWWDGHVFUL]LRQHORSRVVLDPRWURYDUH QHOODWHVWDPHQWRGL&DUOR&RULQLULVDOHQWH DOGRYHVLOHJJH“… OHJRDOPLR¿JOLR $YYRFDWR0LFKHOHWXWWDODFDVDWDQWRFLYLOH FKH UXVWLFD GHOOD PLD IDPLJOLD H GDOOH SHUVRQHDGGHWWHDOPLRVHUYL]LRDELWDWDLQ TXHVWR &RPXQH GHQRPLQDWD LO &DVWHOOR FRO JLDUGLQR HG RUWL FLQWL GL PXUR FKH YL VRQRDQQHVVL´63 0DJJLRULHYLGHQ]HVXOSUHVXQWRSHULRGRGL FRVWUX]LRQHGHOODFRVLGGHWWD³DODQXRYD´OH SRVVLDPR WURYDUH QHOO¶LQYHQWDULR GHL EHQL PRELOL FRQWHQXWL QHO FDVWHOOR FRPSLODWR LO ƒ RWWREUH  D VHJXLWR GHOOD PRUWH GHOO¶DYYRFDWR0LFKHOH&RULQL 1HOODGHVFUL]LRQHFRPSLXWDHOHQFDQGRLQ successione le stanze e quanto in esse FRQWHQXWR YLHQH VSHFL¿FDWR ³… sala GHWWD GL *LXOD\´64 SHU FRQWUDGGLVWLQJXHUH XQ DPELHQWH XELFDWR QHOO¶DOD QXRYD GHO FDVWHOOR 6DSHQGR FKH QHO  DO PRPHQWR GHOO¶DFTXLVWR GD SDUWH GL &DUOR &RULQL O¶HGL¿FLR ULVSHFFKLDYD OD FRQIRUPD]LRQH LOOXVWUDWDQHO&DWDVWR6DEDXGRqSRVVLELOH DIIHUPDUHFRQFHUWH]]DFKHODFRVWUX]LRQH

63 $63Y$WWLGHL1RWDLFDUW 64 $UFKLYLR1RWDULOHGL&DVDOH0RQIHUUDWR$WWLGHL1RWDLFDUW

149 In basso GHOO¶DODQXRYDGHOFDVWHOORHODIRUPD]LRQHGHOJLDUGLQRUHFLQWDWR Progetto di torricella da VLDQRGDFROORFDUVLQHOODSULPDSDUWHGHO;,;VHFROR UHDOL]]DUHVXOIURQWHVXG GHOFDVWHOOR 0ROWR SUREDELOPHQWH HQWUDPEL JOL LQWHUYHQWL IXURQR FRQFHSLWL 6%$30LODQR LQ XQ¶RWWLFD GL WUDVIRUPD]LRQH HG DJJLRUQDPHQWR VWLOLVWLFR GHO $UFKLYLR0RQXPHQWL FDVWHOOR LQ JUDGR GL ULVSHFFKLDUH O¶LPSRUWDQ]D UDJJLXQWD GDOOD A fronte in alto IDPLJOLD 9HGXWDGHOFDVWHOORSULPD 5DIIURQWDQGR O¶LQYHQWDULR VWLODWR QHO  FRQ OH GHVFUL]LRQL GHLODYRULGLVLVWHPD]LRQH VHLFHQWHVFKHqSRVVLELOHROWUHWXWWRQRWDUHFRPHODGLVSRVL]LRQH GL3LD]]D8PEHUWR, $UFKLYLR$UQq)ODYLR LQWHUQDGHOOHVWDQ]HDEELDVXELWRQHOODPDJJLRUSDUWHGHLFDVL VROWDQWROLHYLPRGL¿FKHULJXDUGDQWLSHUORSLODVXGGLYLVLRQHGHJOL A fronte in basso DPELHQWLHVLVWHQWLLQYDQLGLPLQRULGLPHQVLRQL$OSLDQRWHUUHQR 3URJHWWRGLVLVWHPD]LRQH GL3LD]]D8PEHUWR,H QHOO¶DODRYHVWODJUDQGHVDODSRVWDIUDOHVWUXWWXUHDWRUUHDSSDUH UHDOL]]D]LRQHGHOSHVR VXGGLYLVDLQGXHORFDOLSLSLFFROLPHQWUHODVWDQ]DQHOODWRUUH SXEEOLFR QRUGRYHVWULVXOWDVXGGLYLVDSHUSRWHUFUHDUHXQ¶XOWHULRUHVFDOD $UFKLYLR6WRULFR GLFROOHJDPHQWRIUDLOSLDQRWHUUHQRHLOSULPRSLDQR$OSLDQR &RPXQDOHGL/RPHOOR VXSHULRUH VL q SURYYHGXWR D XQD WRWDOH ULRUJDQL]]D]LRQH GHJOL VSD]L ,O VDORQH QHOO¶DOD RYHVW DSSDUH suddiviso in due stanze collegate da un FRUULGRLR /D JUDQGH JDOOHULD VRSUD DO SRUWLFR q VXGGLYLVD LQ TXDWWUR VWDQ]H SL SLFFROHHLOVDORQHLQDOWUHGXH/¶XQLFD WHVWLPRQLDQ]D GRFXPHQWDULD UHODWLYD DOODIDPLJOLD&RULQLULJXDUGDQWHODYRULGD VYROJHUVLDOFDVWHOORqXQDOHWWHUDVFULWWD GDOO¶DYYRFDWR$QJHORLOPDJJLR 1HOODPLVVLYDLQYLDWDDOOD&RPPLVVLRQH 5HJLRQDOH SHU OD &RQVHUYD]LRQH GHL 0RQXPHQWL GL 7RULQR HVSULPH OD YRORQWj³«G¶DSSLFFLFDUYLXQDWRUULFHOOD FRPH DSSDUH QHOO¶XQLWR GLVHJQR´65 ,O  PDJJLR LO VRYULQWHQGHQWH $OIUHGR '¶$QGUDGH ULVSRVH DOOD PLVVLYD sostenendo di non avere nulla da RELHWWDUH DOOD UHDOL]]D]LRQH GHL ODYRUL LQYLWDQGR WXWWDYLD LO &RULQL ³« D QRQ HVHJXLUHODSURVSHWWDWDWRUULFHOODPDGL HULJHUHSLXWWRVWRXQDFRVWUX]LRQHLQVWLOH SLPRGHUQRFKHSHUPHWWDDJOLVWXGLRVL GL GLVWLQJXHUH EHQH OD SDUWH DQWLFD GHOO¶HGL¿FLR GDOOH DJJLXQWH SRVWHULRUL´66

65 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3 66 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3

150 1RQRVWDQWH LO SDUHUH SRVLWLYR del D’Andrade non venne svolto DOFXQODYRURGLDPSOLDPHQWRGHO FDVWHOOR 1HO  $QJHOR &RULQL in occasione dei lavori di ULVWUXWWXUD]LRQH GHOOD SDOD]]LQD GHO FRPXQH H GL VLVWHPD]LRQH GHOOD 3LD]]D 8PEHUWR , DO JLRUQR G¶RJJL ULVSHWWLYDPHQWH sede della Pro loco e Piazza GHOOD 5HSXEEOLFD  GRQz DOOD FRPXQLWj GL /RPHOOR XQD SRU]LRQH GHO SURSULR JLDUGLQR SHU OD UHDOL]]D]LRQH GHO SHVR SXEEOLFR GHWHUPLQDQGR XQD SLFFROD YDULD]LRQH GHO PXUR SHULPHWUDOH67 /¶DYYRFDWR $QJHOR &RULQL PRUu VHQ]D¿JOLLOJHQQDLR68 1HO VXR WHVWDPHQWR RORJUDIR QRPLQzXVXIUXWWXDULRGHOFDVWHOOR LOQLSRWH*HUPDQR*KLVLR&RULQL HGHUHGLXQLYHUVDOLGHOODPDJJLRU SDUWH GHOOH VXH VRVWDQ]H ³« TXHL SRYHUL YHFFKL RQHVWL GL /RPHOOR´ SUHGLVSRQHQGR FKH VL IRQGDVVH ³« DOO¶XRSR XQ LVWLWXWRFKHVDUjHUHWWRLQFRUSR PRUDOHHFKHYHUUjGHQRPLQDWR *HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQRVHQ]D DOFXQDPHQ]LRQHGHOIRQGDWRUH e si adatterà il castello con le VXHDGLDFHQ]HDULFRYHUR´69 1HL PHVL VXFFHVVLYL JOL HVHFXWRUL WHVWDPHQWDUL QRPLQDWL GDO GHIXQWR SURFHGHWWHUR DOO¶LQYHQWDULR GHL EHQL PRELOL HG LPPRELOL SHU VWDELOLUH FRVD IRVVH GL SURSULHWj GHOO¶HULJHQGR

67 $UFKLYLR6WRULFR&RPXQDOHGL/RPHOORCategoria X - Serie 10FDUW 68 $UFKLYLRGHO*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQRAmministrazioneFDUW 69 $UFKLYLRGHO*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQRAmministrazioneFDUW

151 In basso istituto70'DOUDIIURQWRGLTXHVWDGHVFUL]LRQHFRQODSUHFHGHQWH 3URJHWWRGLDGDWWDPHQWR FRPSLODWDQHOVLQRWDODFRPSDUVDGLXQSLDQRVRWWRWHWWR GLSDUWHGHOFDVWHOORD RVSL]LRSHUDQ]LDQL PDLPHQ]LRQDWR¿QRDGDOORUDHPROWRSUREDELOPHQWHUHDOL]]DWR 6%$30LODQR VXFFHVVLYDPHQWHVXLQL]LDWLYDGHOO¶DYYRFDWR$QJHOR $UFKLYLR0RQXPHQWL

A fronte )RWRJUD¿HHFDUWROLQH /DWUDVIRUPD]LRQHLQHGL¿FLRSXEEOLFR ULWUDHQWLLOFDVWHOORSULPD della realizzazione dei ODYRULGLDGDWWDPHQWR /DIRQGD]LRQHGHOO¶RSHUDSLD*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQRQRQSRWp 6%$30LODQR FRPLQFLDUH¿QRDOODPRUWHQHOGHOPDJJLRUHXVXIUXWWXDULR $UFKLYLR0RQXPHQWL *HUPDQR *KLVLR &RULQL DYHQGR LO EHQHIDWWRUH YLQFRODWR WRWDOPHQWHLOSDWULPRQLRGHVWLQDWRDOO¶LVWLWXWRFRPSUHVLJOLVWDELOL DGXVXIUXWWLYLWDOL]L$VHJXLWRGHOVXRGHFHVVRVLFRPLQFLDURQRDG DFFDQWRQDUHLIRQGLGDSUHGLVSRUUHSHUODVLVWHPD]LRQHGHLORFDOL GHOFDVWHOORHDSUHSDUDUHOHSUDWLFKHUHODWLYHDOODFRVWLWX]LRQH GHOOR VWDWXWR GHOO¶RSHUD SLD71 ,O  JHQQDLR  LO *RYHUQR ,WDOLDQRHUHVVHXI¿FLDOPHQWHLO*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQRLQ(QWH Morale72HGXHDQQLSLWDUGLO¶LQJHJQHU/XLJL&RPLHVHFXWRUH WHVWDPHQWDULRSRUWzDWHUPLQHLOSURJHWWRSHUODVLVWHPD]LRQH GLDOFXQLORFDOLGHOFDVWHOORGDGHVWLQDUHDVHGHGHOO¶,VWLWXWR/D SUHVHQ]DGLDOFXQLYLQFROLULJXDUGRODSDUWHDQWLFDGHOO¶HGL¿FLR

70 $UFKLYLRGHO*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQRAmministrazioneFDUW 71 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3 72 $UFKLYLRGHO*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQRAmministrazioneFDUW

152 LVFULWWRQHOO¶HOHQFRGHL0RQXPHQWL 1D]LRQDOL H OD PLJOLRUH GLVSRVL]LRQH SODQLPHWULFD GHJOL DPELHQWL GHOO¶DOD QXRYD LQGXVVHUR LO SURJHWWLVWD DG RSWDUH SHU OD ULVLVWHPD]LRQH GL TXHVWL XOWLPL ,O SURJHWWR FKH SUHYHGHYD OD VHSDUD]LRQH QHWWD GHOO¶DOD PRGHUQD GHO FDVWHOOR H GL SDUWH GHOOD FRUWH UXVWLFD GDO UHVWR GHO FRPSOHVVR YHQQH LQYLDWR DOOD SUHIHWWXUD GL 3DYLD SHU HVVHUH WUDVPHVVR DOOD 5HJLD 6RSULQWHQGHQ]D DOO¶$UWH Medievale e Moderna delle 3URYLQFH /RPEDUGH D 0LODQR LO  PDJJLR  'RSR HVVHUH VWDWR YLVLRQDWR IX UHVSLQWR FRQ DOFXQL VXJJHULPHQWL ULJXDUGR OLHYLFRUUH]LRQLULJXDUGRO¶DVSHWWR HVWHUQR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR ,QYLDWR QXRYDPHQWH DOO¶HVDPH GHL IXQ]LRQDULYHQQHGH¿QLWLYDPHQWH DSSURYDWRLOGLFHPEUH73 /DUHDOL]]D]LRQHGLTXHVWRSURJHWWR VWUDYROVH FRPSOHWDPHQWH OD VWUXWWXUD GHO FDVWHOOR FKH SHUVH LO SURSULR UDSSRUWR GLUHWWR FRQ OD FRUWH UXVWLFD H FRQ JUDQ SDUWH GHOOH VXH GLSHQGHQ]H /¶,VWLWXWR *HURQWRFRPLR /RPHOOLQR DQGz D RFFXSDUHO¶DODQXRYDGHOO¶HGL¿FLR H SDUWH GHOOD FRUWH UXVWLFD FKH YHQQHVXGGLYLVDLQGXHSDUWLFRQ OD FRVWUX]LRQH GL XQ PXUHWWR L’accesso carrabile al cortile del FDVWHOOR H RJQL DOWUD DSHUWXUD GL FRPXQLFD]LRQH YHQQHUR WDPSRQDWL /D SDUWH DQWLFD PDQWHQQH XQ FROOHJDPHQWR GLUHWWRVROWDQWRFRQXQDSRU]LRQH

73 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3

153 In basso GHOOD FRUWH UXVWLFD H GLYHQXWD XQ¶XQLWD D Vp VWDQWH YHQQH Progetto di DI¿WWDWDFRPHDELWD]LRQHDOO¶LQJHJQHU/XLJL&RPL LQVWDOOD]LRQHGLLPSLDQWR GLULVFDOGDPHQWR /¶ PDJJLR  LO JHRPHWUD )UDQFHVFR 0DJHQWD LQYLz XQD $UFKLYLR6WRULFR SODQLPHWULDGHJOLDPELHQWLLQWHUQLGHOODSDUWHDQWLFDGHOFDVWHOOR &RPXQDOHGL/RPHOOR DOOD GLWWD GL WHUPRVLIRQL %HUWD GL$OHVVDQGULD SHU RWWHQHUH XQ A fronte in alto SUHYHQWLYRGHLG¶LQVWDOOD]LRQHGLXQLPSLDQWRGLULVFDOGDPHQWR 3URJHWWRGLDGDWWDPHQWR FKH QRQ YHQQH SRL HIIHWWLYDPHQWH UHDOL]]DWR74 7DOL SLDQWH di alcuni locali del UDSSUHVHQWDQR OD SULPD WHVWLPRQLDQ]D SHUYHQXWDFL GHOOD FDVWHOORFRPHVHGH GHOOD*,/ GLVSRVL]LRQHLQWHUQDGHOO¶HGL¿FLR 6%$30LODQR 3RFKL PHVL SL WDUGL LO  DJRVWR  OR VWHVVR )UDQFHVFR $UFKLYLR0RQXPHQWL 0DJHQWDLQTXDOLWjGL3RGHVWDGL/RPHOORGHOLEHUzLQDFFRUGR A fronte in basso FRQLO*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQRHFRQO¶LQJHJQHU&RPLGLDI¿WWDUH Lucido con due diverse LOFDVWHOORDOOD*,/ *LRYHQW,WDOLDQDGHO/LWWRULR SHUDQQLDO versione della balconata canone annuo di 13000 lire75YLVWDODPDQFDQ]DGLORFDOLLGRQHL GDUHDOL]]DUVLQHOFRUWLOH 6%$30LODQR DGRVSLWDUQHODVHGH $UFKLYLR0RQXPHQWL /¶DVVRFLD]LRQHGLSDUWLWRDYUHEEHSRLSURYYHGXWRDVXEDI¿WWDUH WXWWL L ORFDOL ULPDQHQWL QRQ XWLOL]]DWL DOO¶LQTXLOLQR SUHHVLVWHQWH /¶LQJHJQHU &RPL VWHVVR YHQQH LQFDULFDWR GL SURYYHGHUH DO SURJHWWR GL DGDWWDPHQWR GHL ORFDOL GHO FDVWHOOR H QH LQYLz FRSLDLOVHWWHPEUHDOFRPXQHGL/RPHOOR76HLORWWREUHDO VRSULQWHQGHQWH*LQR&KLHULFLDOORUDLPSHJQDWRQHLUHVWDXULGHOOD Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore77 ,ODYRULSUHYLVWLVLULGXVVHURDOODPRGL¿FDGLDOFXQHDSHUWXUHLQWHUQH HGHVWHUQHHGDOODVXGGLYLVLRQHLQXQDPELHQWHSLSLFFRORGHOOD

74 $UFKLYLR6WRULFR&RPXQDOHGL/RPHOORCategoria I - Serie IIIFDUW 75 $UFKLYLR6WRULFR&RPXQDOHGL/RPHOORCategoria I - Serie IIIFDUW 76 $UFKLYLR6WRULFR&RPXQDOHGL/RPHOORCategoria I - Serie IIIFDUW 77 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3

154 VWDQ]D QHOO¶DQJROR VXGRYHVW GHOSULPRSLDQRQRQDQGDQGR DGLQWDFFDUHSHVDQWHPHQWHOD VWUXWWXUDGHOFDVWHOOR L’accesso all’abitazione GHOO¶LQJHJQHU &RPL YHQQH VSRVWDWR WUDVIRUPDQGR XQD ¿QHVWUD HVLVWHQWH QHO IURQWH ovest del cortile interno in una QXRYD SRUWD FROOHJDWD DOOD UDPSDGLVFDOHGHOSRUWLFRFRQ una nuova balconata esterna DOSLDQRWHUUHQR /H IDWWH]]H GL WDOH PDQXIDWWR IXURQR LQGLFDWH GDO VRYULQWHQGHQWH *LQR &KLHULFL VXOOD EDVH GL GXH GLIIHUHQWL SURSRVWH VX OXFLGR UHDOL]]DWH GDOO¶LQJHJQHU &RPL HG

155 In basso LQYLDWHJOL LQ RFFDVLRQH GL XQR VFDPELR HSLVWRODUH LQWUDWWHQXWR 3URJHWWRGLDGDWWDPHQWR IUD LO  HG LO  RWWREUH 78 Ê VLQJRODUH QRWDUH FRPH dei locali del castello FRPHVHGHFRPXQDOH QRQRVWDQWH IRVVH LQ SLHQR VYROJLPHQWR OD 6HFRQGD *XHUUD 6%$30LODQR 0RQGLDOHYHQLVVHSURIXVRXQWDOHVIRU]RSHUTXHVWLRQLGLQRQ $UFKLYLR0RQXPHQWL YLWDOHLPSRUWDQ]D L’accordo annunciato dalla delibera del 27 agosto venne UDWL¿FDWRLOQRYHPEUHFRQOD¿UPDGHLFRQWUDWWLGLDI¿WWR HVXEDI¿WWRIUDOHSDUWLLQWHUHVVDWH79 1HOLOFRPXQHGHFLVHGLVSRVWDUHGH¿QLWLYDPHQWHLSURSUL XI¿FL DO SLDQR WHUUD HG LQ SDUWH GHO SULPR SLDQR GHO FDVWHOOR LQFDULFDQGRO¶DUFKLWHWWR*LXVHSSH0LQDGLUHGLJHUHLOSURJHWWRGL LQVWDOOD]LRQHGHOULVFDOGDPHQWR,OSULPRSURJHWWRERFFLDWRGDOOD VRSULQWHQGHQ]D SUHYHGHYD GL SUDWLFDUH DOFXQH GHPROL]LRQL DOO¶LQWHUQRGHLORFDOL/¶DUFKLWHWWRULVROVHLOSUREOHPDPRGL¿FDQGR la destinazione d’uso di alcuni DPELHQWLHLQYLzLOSURJHWWRGH¿QLWLYR DOODVRSULQWHQGHQ]DLOQRYHPEUH 194880$VHJXLWRGLDSSURYD]LRQH l’anno successivo venne concesso LOQXOODRVWDDOWUDVIHULPHQWR81 /D UHVWDQWH SDUWH GHO FDVWHOOR RYYHURJUDQSDUWHGHOSULPRSLDQR LQSUHFHGHQ]DDELWDWDGDOLQJHJQHU /XLJL &RPL YHQQH ULVHUYDWD DG DELWD]LRQH SHU LO VHJUHWDULR FRPXQDOH H WDOH ULPDVH ¿QR DOOD PHWjGHJOLDQQLµ 1HO  LO VLQGDFR GL /RPHOOR $QJHOR 0RWWD LQFDULFz LO WHFQLFR FRPXQDOH $JRVWLQR 1LFDOD GL UHGLJHUH XQ SURJHWWR GL ULRUJDQL]]D]LRQH GHJOL XI¿FL FRPXQDOL SHU RWWHQHUH XQD GLVWULEX]LRQH SL UD]LRQDOH GHJOL VSD]L82 /D 6RSULQWHQGHQ]D DQDOL]]DWD OD SURSRVWD DXWRUL]]z L ODYRULLODSULOH&RQIURQWDQGR TXHVW¶XOWLPDSODQLPHWULDFRQTXHOOH

78 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3 79 $UFKLYLR6WRULFR&RPXQDOHGL/RPHOORCategoria I - Serie IIIFDUW 80 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3 81 $UFKLYLR6WRULFR&RPXQDOHGL/RPHOORCategoria I - Serie IIIFDUW 82 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3

156 UHGDWWH GDO JHRPHWUD 0DJHQWD H GDOO¶LQJHJQHU &RPL VL SXz QRWDUH FRPHOHPRGL¿FKHLQWHUYHQXWHQHOOH VWUXWWXUH LQWHUQH IXURQR SHU OR SL LQVLJQL¿FDQWLHVLOLPLWDURQRDGDOFXQL LQWHUYHQWLSXQWXDOL /¶DPPLQLVWUD]LRQHGHO*HURQWRFRPLR /RPHOOLQRULWURYDQGRVLDPHWjGHJOL DQQLµLQULVWUHWWH]]HHFRQRPLFKHH DEELVRJQDQGRGLIRQGLSHUDPSOLDUH H ULVWUXWWXUDUH L SURSUL DPELHQWL GHFLVHGLYHQGHUHSDUWHGHOJLDUGLQR GHO FDVWHOOR ULPDVWR ¿QR DG DOORUD QHOOD FRQIRUPD]LRQH RWWRFHQWHVFD 8Q¶DPSLD SRU]LRQH D VXGRYHVW del castello venne venduta ad una GLWWDGLFRVWUX]LRQLFKHUHDOL]]zGXH SDOD]]LQH SHU QHJR]L HG DELWD]LRQL &RQ L VROGL ULFDYDWL DOO¶LQL]LR GHJOL DQQL µ LO SUHVLGHQWH GHOO¶LVWLWXWR O¶LQJHJQHUH &OHPHQWH &KLDUDPHOOD SURJHWWzHUHDOL]]zODULVWUXWWXUD]LRQH GLJUDQSDUWHGHLIDEEULFDWLGHOODFRUWH UXVWLFD 1HO IUDWWHPSR FRQ LO SDVVDUH GHJOL DQQL H D FDXVD GHOOD PDQFDQ]D GL IRQGLGDGHVWLQDUHDOODPDQXWHQ]LRQH SHJJLRUDURQR OH FRQGL]LRQL GHO FDVWHOOR 1HO OXJOLR  LO WHWWR LQ SL SXQWL OHVLRQDWR FRPLQFLz D GDUH VHJQLGLFHGLPHQWR/¶DOORUDVLQGDFR &DUOR &DPSDUL LQFDULFz O¶LQJHJQHUH *LRYDQQL /XLJL /RQJDUL GL UHGLJHUH XQ SLDQR GL LQWHUYHQWR XUJHQWH83 H O¶DUFKLWHWWR 3DROR 0XVVL GL ULOHYDUH OR VWDWR GL IDWWR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR84 /D relazione venne consegnata alla VRSULQWHQGHQ]D LO  RWWREUH GHOOR VWHVVRDQQR2WWHQXWHOHQHFHVVDULH DXWRUL]]D]LRQL SDUWLURQR L ODYRUL GL UHVWDXUR VXGGLYLVL LQ WUH VWUDOFL

83 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3 84 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3

157 Pagina precedente UHDOL]]DWLQHJOLDQQLVHJXHQWL,OSURJHWWRFRQVHUYDWLYRFRQFOXVRVL in alto QHO  ULJXDUGz VRSUDWWXWWR OD VLVWHPD]LRQH GHOOD IDFFLDWH 9HGXWDGHOJLDUGLQR GHOFDVWHOORSULPD HVWHUQH GHO PDQWR GL FRSHUWXUD H GHJOL DPELHQWL GHO SLDQR GHOODYHQGLWD ULDO]DWRHGHOSULPRSLDQR9HQQHURULFRVWLWXLWLJOLDPELHQWLGHL $UFKLYLR$UQq)ODYLR JUDQGLVDORQLSUHVHQWLQHOO¶DODRYHVWHQHOO¶DODVXGHOLPLQDQGR Pagina precedente OHWUDPH]]HPXUDULHFRVWUXLWHLQSUHFHGHQ]D1HOFRUWLOHLQWHUQR al centro IXURQR GHPROLWH OH ³VXSHUIHWD]LRQL´ DJJLXQWHVL QHO FRUVR GHO 9HGXWDGHOFDVWHOORH WHPSRTXDOLLOIDEEULFDWRQHOO¶DQJRORQRUGHVWODODWULQDSXEEOLFD GHOOHGXHSDOD]]LQH DSSHQDFRVWUXLWHVXXQD H OD EDOFRQDWD UHDOL]]DWD QHO  /D ULFFD VRYUDSSRVL]LRQH SRU]LRQHGHOJLDUGLQR VWUDWLJUD¿FDSUHVHQWHVXOOHPXUDWXUHSULPDGHOO¶LQWHUYHQWRYHQQH $UFKLYLR$UQq)ODYLR SHVDQWHPHQWHPDQRPHVVDHSHUODPDJJLRUSDUWHFDQFHOODWD Pagina precedente FRQ RSHUD]LRQL GL VFXFL H FXFL GHL ODWHUL]L ,O SLDQR LQWHUUDWRH in basso LOVRWWRWHWWRQRQYHQQHURSHUQLHQWHLQWHUHVVDWLGDJOLLQWHUYHQWL 1HOO¶DJJLRUQDPHQWR FRQVHUYDWLYLHYHUVDQRWXWWRUDLQSHVVLPHFRQGL]LRQL'XUDQWHL FDWDVWDOHGL/RPHOORGHO qSRVVLELOHQRWDUH ODYRULVLFRQVWDWzFRPHOHFRORQQHGLDUHQDULDGHOSRUWLFDWRQRQ ODSRU]LRQHGLJLDUGLQR IRVVHURLQJUDGRGLUHJJHUHXOWHULRUPHQWHLFDULFKLGHOO¶HGL¿FLR venduta e le due nuove SURFHGHQGRSURYYLVRULDPHQWHDOODPHVVDLQVLFXUH]]DWUDPLWH SDOD]]LQHFRVWUXLWH $UFKLYLR6WRULFR SXQWHOOLGLOHJQR/¶LSRWHVLGLVRVWLWX]LRQHYHQWLODWDGDOSURJHWWLVWD &RPXQDOHGL/RPHOOR VLVFRQWUzFRQLOQHWWRUL¿XWRGHOOD6RSULQWHQGHQ]DHVRORGRSR SDUHFFKLDQQLHSDUHFFKLSURJHWWLULPDVWLVXOODFDUWDQHO

158 A fronte in basso $OFXQLIDEEULFDWLGHOOD FRUWHUXVWLFDSULPD degli interventi di ristrutturazione diretti dall’ ingegner &KLDUDPHOOD 6%$30LODQR $UFKLYLR0RQXPHQWL

A lato 9HGXWDGHOFRUWLOHGHO FDVWHOORSULPDGHLODYRUL GLUHVWDXUR 3DYLD0XVHL&LYLFL

In basso 9HGXWDGHOFDVWHOORSULPD GHLODYRULGLUHVWDXUR 3DYLD0XVHL&LYLFL

159 160 A fronte in alto YHQQHLQVWDOODWDO¶DWWXDOHVWUXWWXUDGLVRVWHJQRLQDFFLDLR Sezione dello stato $OWHUPLQHGHOO¶LQWHUYHQWRGLUHFXSHURLOSLDQRULDO]DWRHLOSULPR GLIDWWRGHOFDVWHOOR SULPDGHLODYRULGL SLDQRGHOFDVWHOORYHQQHURULVHUYDWLDJOLXI¿FLGHOO¶DPPLQLVWUD]LRQH ULVWUXWWXUD]LRQH FRPXQDOHHDSDUWHGHOO¶DUFKLYLRVWRULFR DUFKLWHWWR3DROR0XVVL ,Q VHJXLWR VL SURYYLGH D VLVWHPDUH DQFKH FLz FKH UHVWDYD GHO $UFKLYLR6WRULFR &RPXQDOHGL/RPHOOR JLDUGLQRGHOFDVWHOORPXWLODWRDQQLSULPDHQHOYHQQHUR FRQVROLGDWLLPXULGLFLQWDVXSHUVWLWLHLOSRQWHFDUUDELOHGLDFFHVVR A fronte in basso DOO¶HGL¿FLR85 3ODQLPHWULDGHOORVWDWR GLIDWWRGHOFDVWHOOR ,OFRQWUDWWRG¶DI¿WWRGHOFDVWHOORVWLSXODWRQHOHVFDGXWRQHO SULPDGHLODYRULGL YHQQHVHPSUHQHJOLDQQLWDFLWDPHQWHULQQRYDWR¿QRDO ULVWUXWWXUD]LRQH RWWREUHGDWDLQFXLYHQQHFRQFOXVRXQDFFRUGRIUDVLQGDFR DUFKLWHWWR3DROR0XVVL $UFKLYLR6WRULFR GL/RPHOOR*LXVHSSH3DSHWWLHGLOSUHVLGHQWHGHO*HURQWRFRPLR &RPXQDOHGL/RPHOOR /RPHOOLQR )UDQFHVFR 7UHFDWH SHU XQD FRQFHVVLRQH DG XVR JUDWXLWRGHOO¶LPPRELOHGHOODGXUDWDGLQRYDQWDQRYHDQQL86 $WWXDOPHQWH LO FDVWHOOR QHFHVVLWHUHEEH GL XQ SLDQR GL PDQXWHQ]LRQH SURJUDPPDWD *OL LQWHUYHQWL VYROWL QHO FRUVR GHJOL DQQL ¶ GHO ;; VHFROR KDQQR DYXWR LO PHULWR GL DYHU UDOOHQWDWR LO GHJUDGR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR 7XWWDYLD ELVRJQD ULFRUGDUH FKH VROR SDU]LDOPHQWH OD IUXL]LRQH GHO FRPSOHVVR q DG RJJL SRVVLELOH LQIDWWL LO SLDQR VHPLQWHUUDWR H LO VRWWRWHWWR VRQR VRWWRXWLOL]]DWL /¶RGLHUQD GHVWLQD]LRQH G¶XVR D PXQLFLSLR GHO FDVWHOOR VH GD XQ ODWR FRQWULEXLVFH JUD]LH DO VXR TXRWLGLDQR XWLOL]]R LQGLUHWWDPHQWH DOOD VXD WXWHOD GDOO¶DOWUR SURSULR WDOH GHVWLQD]LRQHHVFOXVLYDOLPLWDO¶DFFHVVLELOLWjHODYDORUL]]D]LRQH GHJOL DPELHQWL QHO VXR FRPSOHVVR H DO FRQWHPSR UHQGH SRFR RWWLPL]]DELOHO¶RUJDQL]]D]LRQHGHOOHIXQ]LRQLGHOO¶HQWHSXEEOLFR(¶ TXDQWRPDLDXVSLFDELOHLQXQSURVVLPRIXWXURODFRQVHUYD]LRQH SURJUDPPDWDGHOO¶LQWHURPDQXIDWWRHXQDGLYHUVDGHVWLQD]LRQH G¶XVR FKH SHUPHWWD XQD PLJOLRUH IUXL]LRQH GHO EHQH YDORUL]]DQGRQHDQFKHODVXDYDOHQ]DVWRULFRDUFKLWHWWRQLFD

85 $V%$30LArchivio MonumentiFDUW3 86 $UFKLYLRGHO*HURQWRFRPLR/RPHOOLQRAmministrazioneFDUW

%LEOLRJUD¿D

$$99 'L]LRQDULR ELRJUD¿FR GHJOL LWDOLDQL 9RO  ,VWLWXWR GHOOD (QFLFORSHGLD,WDOLDQD5RPD

$$99Tavole di ragguaglio degli antichi pesi e misure degli stati di S. M. in Terraferma coi pesi e misure del sistema metrico decimale (G 6WDPSHULD5HDOH7RULQR

%DVFDSH¶ * & I conti Palatini del Regno Italico e la città di Pavia dal

161 Comune alla Signoria LQ ³$UFKLYLR 6WRULFR /RPEDUGR´, IDVFLFROL ,, ,,, ,9, 0LODQR$SULOH

%LQGD 0DLHU / Considerazioni preliminari sulle visite in loco e sulle osservazioni macroscopiche delle carote prelevate dalle colonne del castello di Lomello0LODQR

%ODNH+0DFFDEUXQL&Le mura antiche di LomelloLQ³1RWL]LDULR GHOOD6RSULQWHQGHQ]DSHUL%HQL$UFKHRORJLFLGHOOD/RPEDUGLD´0LODQR 

&DVVL5DPHOOL$Dalle caverne ai rifugi blindati. Trenta secoli di architettura militare, (G0DULR$GGD%DUL

&DVWHOOL * Le stanze del Cardinale LQ ³9LJOHYDQXP´ Q  (G 6RFLHWj 6WRULFD9LJHYDQHVH9LJHYDQR

&RQWL ) +\EVFK 9 9LQFHQWL $ I castelli della Lombardia 'H$JRVWLQL 1RYDUD

&RYLQL 1 In Lomellina nel Quattrocento: il declino delle stirpi locali e i “feudi accomprati” in Poteri signorili e feudali nelle campagne dell’Italia settentrionale fra Tre e Quattrocento: fondamenti di legittimità e forme di esercizioLQ$WWLGHOFRQYHJQRSS0LODQR

'H 0DUFKL 0 Insediamenti longobardi e castelli tardoantichi tra Ticino e Mincio LQ /H IRUWL¿FD]LRQL GHO *DUGD H L VLVWHPL GL GLIHVD GHOO¶,WDOLD settentrionale tra tardoantico e alto medioevo (G 6RFLHWj$UFKHRORJLFD VUO0DQWRYD

0DQHQWL 9DOOL ) Oltre Misura, il linguaggio della belezza nel monastero benedettino di San Pietro a Reggio Emilia (G )UDQFR &RVLPR 3DQLQL 0RGHQD

0HUOR0Castelli, rocche, case-forti e torri della provincia di Pavia(G)XVL 3DYLD

0LOOL(Famiglie nobili in Lombardia7DYROHJHQHDORJLFKHIXRULFRPPHUFLR 0LODQR

3DFLROL / De Divina Proportione 9HQH]LD  HGL]LRQH FRQVXOWDWD 0LODQR 

3HURJDOOL&Castelli della pianura lombarda(G(OHFWD0LODQR

:DFKHQKXVHQ+Tagebuch vom italienischen Kriegsschauplatz aus dem Hauptquartier von Hans Wachenhusen(G9HUODJV&RPSWRLU%HUOLQ

=XFFK,0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle origini(G )UDWHOOL%RFFD7RULQR

162 Dalla conoscenza alla conservazione: la Chiesa di San Rocco

Margherita Bertoldi, Marta Marletti, Silvia Puglisi - architetti

,O FDVR VWXGLR GHOOD H[ &KLHVD GL 6DQ 5RFFR HGL¿FLR VWRULFR UHOLJLRVRGHO;9,VHFRORVLLQVHULVFHLQXQ¶RWWLFDGLYDORUL]]D]LRQH GHL EHQL VWRULFRDUFKLWHWWRQLFL GL SUHJLR SUHVHQWL QHO QXFOHR XUEDQR GL /RPHOOR H FKH UDSSUHVHQWDQR XQD VLJQL¿FDWLYD WHVWLPRQLDQ]DGHOODFXOWXUDPDWHULDOHGHOOD/RPHOOLQD 8QSULPRDSSURFFLRFRQRVFLWLYRqVWDWRUHVRSRVVLELOHDWWUDYHUVR LO UHFXSHUR GHOOD GRFXPHQWD]LRQH VWRULFD1 FKH KD SHUPHVVR ODULFRVWUX]LRQHGHOOHIDVLGLVYLOXSSRFKHVLVRQRVXFFHGXWHD SDUWLUHGDOODVXDHGL¿FD]LRQH¿QRDLJLRUQLQRVWUL

Storia della Chiesa di San Rocco

$ SDUWLUH GDO ;9 VHFROR ¿QR DOOD ¿QH GHO ;9,, OD SRSROD]LRQH ORPEDUGD VXEu LO ÀDJHOOR GHOOD GRPLQD]LRQH IUDQFHVH H GL TXHOODVSDJQRODFKHVLWUDGXVVHLQDQQLGLFDUHVWLDHPLVHULD JHQHUDOL]]DWHDFDXVDGHOO¶DYYLFHQGDUVLGHLFRQÀLWWL ,YLFLQLFRQWDWWLWUDODSRSROD]LRQHHWUXSSHPLOLWDULXQLWDPHQWH DOOH SUHFDULH FRQGL]LRQL GL YLWD GHOO¶HSRFD HUDQR GL IUHTXHQWH FDXVDGLPDODWWLHHGHSLGHPLHHQGHPLFKHTXDOLOHSHVWLOHQ]H FKH VFRSSLDURQR D 0LODQR QHO  HG D VHJXLUH QHO 7DOLHYHQWLVSLQJHYDQRJOLLQGLYLGXLQRQSURYYLVWLGL DVVLVWHQ]DPHGLFDRVRFLDOHDWURYDUHFRQVROD]LRQHQHOODIHGH UHOLJLRVDRDGDI¿GDUVLDOODSURWH]LRQHGLXQ6DQWR /RPHOORFRPHDOWULERUJKLGHOOD/RPEDUGLDIXFROSLWDGDOPRUER GHOODSHVWHDWDOSXQWRGDLQFRUDJJLDUHLFLWWDGLQLDOO¶HSRFDSRFR SLGLFLQTXHFHQWRSHUVRQHHFRQHVLJXLPH]]LHFRQRPLFLDG HULJHUH QHOO¶DQQR  XQ RUDWRULR GHGLFDWR D 6DQ 5RFFR 3URWHWWRUHH*XDULWRUHGHJOL,QIHUPL

1 $UFKLYLR 6WRULFR 'LRFHVDQR GL 3DYLD %LEOLRWHFD &LYLFD GL 3DYLD  )RWRWHFD $UFKLYLR GL 6WDWR GL 1RYDUD $UFKLYLR GL 6WDWR GL 9LJHYDQR $UFKLYLR 6WRULFR 'LRFHVDQR GL 9LJHYDQR $UFKLYLR 6WRULFR &RPXQDOH GL 9LJHYDQR%LEOLRWHFD&LYLFDGL9LJHYDQR$UFKLYLR&RPXQDOHGL/RPHOOR 8I¿FLR7HFQLFR$UFKLYLR6WRULFRGL7RULQR%LEOLRWHFD1D]LRQDOH%UDLGHQVH &HGDW3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQR$UFKLYLR6WRULFRGL0LODQR

163 A fronte /¶DGRUD]LRQHGLTXHVWRSHUVRQDJJLRHEEHXQDIRUWHGLIIXVLRQH 3URVSHWWLRYHVWHQRUG SURSULRQHLOXRJKLLQFXLLO6DQWRDYHYDFRQGRWWRJOLXOWLPLDQQL 6DQ5RFFR/RPHOOR GHOODVXDHVLVWHQ]DHQRQFDVXDOPHQWHVRUVHURQXPHURVLRUDWRUL FDSSHOOHRFKLHVHDVXRQRPHLQPROWLFRPXQLGHOOD/RPHOOLQD *DPEDUDQD0HGH9LOOD%LVFRVVL6DQQD]]DUR*URSHOOR&DLUROL 7RUUH%HUHWWL2WWRELDQR'RUQR*DPEROz*DUODVFR0H]]DQD %LJOL6DUWLUDQD6FDOGDVROH7URPHOOR9DOOH9RJKHUDH/RPHOOR 1HOOD &KLHVD GHGLFDWD D 6DQW¶(QULFR LPSHUDWRUH D 9RJKHUD GLYHQXWDSRL&KLHVDGL6DQ5RFFRQHO;9,VHFIXURQRULSRVWH OHVXHVSRJOLHGLYHQXWHLQEUHYHWHPSRRJJHWWRGLGHYR]LRQH GRFXPHQWDWD LQ DWWL FLYLOL GHOOD FLWWj QHOO¶DQQR  ,O FXOWR GHO 6DQWR VL GLIIXVH FRVu DPSLDPHQWH FKH QHO  YHQQHUR WUDIXJDWHOHVSRJOLHHSRUWDWHD9HQH]LDGRYHFRQLOEHQHSODFLWR GHO3DWULDUFDHGHO'RJHYHQQHURHVSRVWHFRPHUHOLTXLDDOOD YHQHUD]LRQHGHOODSRSROD]LRQH$9RJKHUDULPDVHUROHUHOLTXLH GLXQDUWRWXWWRUDFXVWRGLWHLQVLHPHDOODFDVVHWWDGLOHJQRFKH GRYHWWHXQWHPSRDFFRJOLHUHLOFRUSRQHOODFKLHVDFKHDSDUWLUH GDOJOLIXGHGLFDWD2 6RUVHUREHQSUHVWRDQFKH&RQIUDWHUQLWH UHOLJLRVHSHUO¶DGRUD]LRQH GHO6DQWRHSUHVVRO¶RUDWRULRGL/RPHOORYHQQHLQVHGLDWDODVHGH GHOOD&RQIUDWHUQLWDGHO6DQWLVVLPR6DFUDPHQWRGHQRPLQDWDSRL GL6DQ5RFFRVRWWRLOSDWURFLQLRGHOOD3DUURFFKLDGL6DQ0LFKHOH /H FRQIUDWHUQLWH ULVSRQGHYDQR DOOH HVLJHQ]H GL FRORUR FKH YROHYDQR LPSHJQDUVL UHOLJLRVDPHQWH VHQ]D QHFHVVDULDPHQWH SUHQGHUHLYRWL 8QD IRQWH GL VLFXUH HQWUDWH SHU O¶RUDWRULR HUD UDSSUHVHQWDWD GDOOH LQGXOJHQ]H H GDL SULYLOHJL GL FXL OD &RQIUDWHUQLWD JRGHYD H FKH O¶DXWRULWj HFFOHVLDVWLFD DYHYD UDIIRU]DWR QHO  FRQ O¶DJJUHJD]LRQHDOO¶$UFLFRQIUDWHUQLWD5RPDQDFRQWDOLHQWUDWHVL SURYYHGHYDDOO¶DFTXLVWRGLSDUDPHQWLVDFULHDOPDQWHQLPHQWRLQ EXRQRVWDWRGHOODFKLHVD

(GL¿FD]LRQHGHOO¶RUDWRULRGL6DQ5RFFR

,OOXRJRVFHOWRSHUO¶HGL¿FD]LRQHGHOO¶RUDWRULRGHGLFDWRDO6DQWR QHOERUJRGL/RPHOORVLSUHVHQWDYDFRPHXQOXRJRVWUDWHJLFR WURYDQGRVLOXQJRTXHOODFKHDOORUDFRVWLWXLYDXQ¶LPSRUWDQWHYLDGL WUDQVLWRGLPHUFLHSHOOHJULQLGDOOD/RPEDUGLDYHUVRLO3LHPRQWH /¶RUDWRULR YHQQH FRVWUXLWR FRQ PDWWRQL GL EXRQD TXDOLWj H

2 0DJHQWD*)S. Rocco e LomelloS(G7LSROLWRJUD¿D$UWLJLDQD 9LJHYDQR

164 165 In basso OD PXUDWXUD HUD FRQWUDGGLVWLQWD GDO PRWLYR RUQDPHQWDOH GL Sezione longitudinale PHQVROLQHD7DQFRUDYLVLELOLVRWWRODJURQGD$OO¶LQWHUQRYHQQH con al centro della &KLHVDPDJJLRUHO¶DOWDUH SHQVDWD XQD YROWD D FURFLHUD QHOOD SULPD FDPSDWD H SUHYLVWD GL6DQ/RUHQ]R XQDYROWDDERWWHSHUODVHFRQGDUHDOL]]DWDLQHSRFDVXFFHVVLYD 6DQ5RFFR/RPHOOR /D GDWD GL IRQGD]LRQH QRQ ULVXOWD HVVHUH FRQIHUPDWD GD

A fronte GRFXPHQWLXI¿FLDOLDQFKHVHQHYLHQHGDWDQRWL]LDWUDPLWHXQD Sezioni trasversali YLVLWDSDVWRUDOHGHOJLXJQRLQFXLVLDIIHUPD³«KRYLVLWDWR dell’antico oratorio O¶RUDWRULR GHOOD &RPSDJQLD GL 6DQ 5RFFR H 6DQ 6HEDVWLDQR HVRI¿WWL VRWWROD3DUURFFKLDGL6DQ0LFKHOHGL/RPHOORGRYHQRQWURYR 6DQ5RFFR/RPHOOR FRQFKHDXWRULWjVLDVWDWRLVWLWXLWRQpIRQGDWRPDVRORSHUYRWR GHOODFRPXQLWjGL/RPHOORIXIDEEULFDWRQHO´3 5LVDOH LQYHFH DO  XQD GHVFUL]LRQH GHO VXR LQWHUQR FKH ULVXOWDYD HVVHUH DUUHGDWR GD XQ VROR DOWDUH FRQ DIIUHVFR XQD FURFHGXHFDQGHOLHULLQRWWRQHXQSDOLRGLWHODGLSLQWRHXQRGL WHODYHUGH Notizie circa il buono stato di conservazione dell’altare ULVDOJRQR DO  H OH XOWLPH LQIRUPD]LRQL UHODWLYH DO YHFFKLR RUDWRULRGL6DQ5RFFRVRQRGDWDWHDQQRLQFXL/RUHQ]R &DUHQ]LRSDUURFFKLDQRGL6DQWD0DULD0DJJLRUHIDSUHVHQWH QHOVXRWHVWDPHQWRFKHYHQJDLQQDO]DWRXQDOWDUHGHGLFDWRD 6DQ /RUHQ]R VXO ODWR VLQLVWUR GHOO¶RUDWRULR LPSRQHQGR DL VXRL HUHGLODFXVWRGLDHLOPDQWHQLPHQWRGHOORVWHVVRXQLWDPHQWHDOOD FHOHEUD]LRQHGLFLQTXHPHVVHVHWWLPDQDOL /RVFDWHQDUVLGLXQDQXRYDHEHQSLURYLQRVDRQGDWDGLSHVWH D0LODQR  IDQDVFHUHLOELVRJQRQHOODSRSROD]LRQH

3 0DJHQWD*)S. Rocco e LomelloSFLW

166 GL /RPHOOR GL HGL¿FDUH XQD QXRYD FKLHVD DO 6DQWR SURWHWWRUH PHGLDQWH XQ DPSOLDPHQWR GHOO¶DQWLFR RUDWRULR FKH DYUHEEH DVVXQWRIXQ]LRQHGLFRURDOO¶LQWHUQRGLXQQXRYRHSLFRPSOHVVR HGL¿FLR5HODWLYRDTXHVWRHSLVRGLRDEELDPRXQDYLVLWDSDVWRUDOH FKHULSRUWD³«QXRYDPHQWHULHGL¿FDWDHGLQWRQDFDWDGLELDQFR FRQ FRUR DQWLFR HG q WXWWR VRWWR YROWD”4; LO VRI¿WWR YLHQH LQIDWWL FRVWLWXLWRGDXQDYROWDDERWWHOXQHWWDWDODWHUDOPHQWHHGHFRUDWD. $GGRVVDWR DOOD PXUDWXUD GHO YHFFKLR RUDWRULR H DOOD QXRYD

4 0DJHQWD*)S. Rocco e LomelloSFLW

167 In basso FRVWUX]LRQHVLHOHYDLOFDPSDQLOHGHOTXDOHVLKDQRWL]LDVRORQHO Sezione longitudinale  FRQDOFHQWURGHOODFKLHVD PDJJLRUHOD&DSSHOOD Ê VWDWR LSRWL]]DWR FKH YH QH IRVVH JLj XQR GL GLPHQVLRQL SL GHOOD9HUJLQHGHO ULGRWWHGDWRFKHO¶DWWXDOHLQVLVWHVXXQDVWUXWWXUDSUHHVLVWHQWH &DUPHOR /DPRGDOLWjGLFRVWUX]LRQHHOHSURSRU]LRQLORUHQGRQRFRHYR 6DQ5RFFR/RPHOOR DOODQXRYDFRVWUX]LRQHPHQWUHODFRSHUWXUDDTXDWWURVSLRYHQWL A fronte in alto ULVXOWDHVVHUHGLIDWWXUDSLUHFHQWH ;,;VHFROR  7HQGDGHFRUDWLYDD 1HODOO¶HSRFDGLXQ¶XOWHULRUHYLVLWDSDVWRUDOHVLKDQRWL]LD WHPSHUDGLHWURO¶DOWDUH PDJJLRUH DQQLµ  GHOOD FRVWUX]LRQH GL XQD FDSSHOOD GHGLFDWD DOOD 9HUJLQH GHO in seguito occultata &DUPHORVXOODWRVLQLVWURHFRVuGHVFULWWD³«FRSHUWDGDYROWD GDXQRVWUDWRXQLIRUPHGL DERWWHVHSDUDWDGDOODQDYDWDGDXQDEDODXVWUDLQPDUPRSULYD SLWWXUDFRORURFUD GL FDQFHOOHWWR FRQ SUHJHYROH DQFRQD GL VWXFFR GRUDWD SHU OD A fronte in basso VWDWXDGHOOD0DGRQQDHFLUFRQGDWDGDVDQWHLPPDJLQLGLSLQWH )RWRJUD¿DDQQLµ VXLPXUL´5 GHO;;VHFROR 6DQ5RFFR/RPHOOR ,QWRUQR DO  LO 0XQLFLSLR SUHVH OD GHFLVLRQH GL FRVWUXLUH LO 6%$30LODQR IRUQR FRPXQDOH LQ XQ SXQWR VWUDWHJLFR GHOOD FLWWj FKH YHQQH $UFKLYLR)RWRJUD¿FR LQGLYLGXDWRQHOODFKLHVDGL6DQ5RFFRVLDSHUODSRVL]LRQHFKH SHUODIUHTXHQ]DGLSHUVRQHHSHUWDQWRLOIRUQRFLWWDGLQRYHQQH DGGRVVDWRDOFDPSDQLOH 1HO  GDWD LQFLVD VXO VXR ODWR VLQLVWUR YHQQH VRVWLWXLWR O¶DOWDUH PDJJLRUH OLJQHR GRUDWR FRQ TXHOOR DWWXDOH GL IDWWH]]H EDURFFKHLQPDUPLSROLFURPLFRPHLQXVRQHO6HWWHFHQWR $QFKH O¶DOWDUH GL 6DQ /RUHQ]R VXO ODWR GHVWUR GHOOD FKLHVD FKHYHUWHYDLQXQRVWDWRGLGHJUDGRSHUO¶LQFXULDGHJOLHUHGLGL

5 0DJHQWD*)S. Rocco e LomelloSFLW

168 &DUHQ]LR QHO  YHQQH DEEHOOLWR H RUQDWR GD XQD WHOD UDI¿JXUDQWH 6DQ 5RFFRHULDELOLWDWRDOFXOWR Nel 1805 l’oratorio evita la VRSSUHVVLRQH SURYYHGLPHQWR VWDELOLWR GDOSRWHUHQDSROHRQLFRLQTXDQWRSULYR GL EHQL H SHUFKp IDFHQWH FDSR DOOD SDUURFFKLDGL6DQ0LFKHOH 6L ULFRUGD DQFKH FKH QHO  HUD SUHVHQWH H IXQ]LRQDQWH XQ RURORJLR LQVHULWR QHOOD SDUWH VXSHULRUH GHO FDPSDQLOH ULYROWR YHUVR OD SLD]]D SRL sostituito negli anni ’40 con quattro RURORJLULYROWLDLSXQWLFDUGLQDOLWXWW¶RUD SUHVHQWH 1HO  OD IDFFLDWD SULQFLSDOH YLHQH QXRYDPHQWH LQWRQDFDWD H YHQJRQR ULGLSLQWH OH LPPDJLQL HYRFDWLYH GHOOD 9HUJLQH GHO 6DQWLVVLPR 6DFUDPHQWR GL 6DQ 5RFFR H 6DQ 6HEDVWLDQR OH FXLUHOLTXLHHUDQRGHSRVLWDWHDOO¶LQWHUQR GHOODFKLHVDLQXQSUH]LRVRUHOLTXLDULR FKHRJJLVLWURYDLQ6DQ0LFKHOH 9HQJRQR ULGLSLQWL SDU]LDOPHQWH DQFKH JOLLQWRQDFLLQWHUQLHUHDOL]]DWDLQPRGR JURVVRODQRODSLWWXUDDWHPSHUDGLXQD WHQGDGLHWURO¶DOWDUHPDJJLRUH 7HQGD GHFRUDWLYD D WHPSHUD GLHWUR O¶DOWDUHPDJJLRUH DQQLµ LQVHJXLWR RFFXOWDWD GD XQR VWUDWR XQLIRUPH GL SLWWXUDFRORURFUD 1HO  OD 6RFLHWj SHU OD IRUQLWXUD GHOO¶HQHUJLD HOHWWULFD IHFH DGGRVVDUH HVWHUQDPHQWH DOOD FDSSHOOD GHOOD 9HUJLQH GHO &DUPHOR XQD FDELQD H QHOOH DGLDFHQ]H HUD VLWXDWR DQFKH XQ YHVSDVLDQR 'D XQD QRWD GHO GLFHPEUH  LO 3DUURFR GL 6DQ 0LFKHOH GRQ 3LHWUR &HUUL IRUQLVFH XQD VHULH GL LQIRUPD]LRQLVXOORVWDWRGHOODFKLHVDHG LQ SDUWLFRODUH O¶DOWDUH GL 6DQ /RUHQ]R QRQHVLVWHSLHLOFDPSDQLOHqGRWDWR

169 170 A fronte GLFDPSDQHIXQ]LRQDQWLDFTXLVWDWHLOVHFRORSUHFHGHQWHGDOOD )DVLFRVWUXWWLYHH &RQIUDWHUQLWDSHULQGLFDUHO¶RUDULRVFRODVWLFRORVWDWRJHQHUDOH ,QWHUYHQWLGLGHPROL]LRQH HFRVWUX]LRQH GHOODFKLHVDLQUDSSRUWRDVROLGLWjFRQVHUYD]LRQHLJLHQHHDUWH 6DQ5RFFR/RPHOOR HUDEXRQRYLHUDQRGXHSRUWHXQDSHUO¶DFFHVVRGHOVDJUHVWDQR DWWUDYHUVRLOFDPSDQLOHHO¶DOWUDSHULIHGHOLYLHQHVHJQDODWDOD In basso 6 Progetto di riuso della SUHVHQ]DGLXQSXOSLWROLJQHR¿VVR  &KLHVDGL6DQ5RFFR /DVDJUHVWLDGLFXLQRQVLFRQRVFHODGDWDGLHGL¿FD]LRQHYHQQH 6WXGLR5RVVLH)XJJLQL DGGRVVDWD DOOD SDUHWH QRUG GHOOD FKLHVD WUD OD FDSSHOOD GHOOD Pagina successiva 9HUJLQHGHO&DUPHORHLOFDPSDQLOHFRQDFFHVVRGDOSUHVELWHULR IRWRJUD¿DDWWXDOHGHOOD HIXGHPROLWDQHOSHULRGR IDFFLDWDGHOOD&KLHVD 5LVDOH DO  OD GHPROL]LRQH GHO IRUQR FRPXQDOH RUPDL 6DQ5RFFR/RPHOOR SHULFRODQWH GHOOD FDELQD HOHWWULFD H VXFFHVVLYDPHQWH GHO YHVSDVLDQR $OFXQL SDUDPHQWL VDFUL WXWWRUD ULFRQRVFLELOL DOO¶LQWHUQR GHOOD FKLHVD HUDQR SUHVHQWL JLj D SDUWLUH GDOOD ¿QH GHJOL DQQL ¶ TXDOL OD FDQWRULD LQ OHJQR O¶DFTXDVDQWLHUD D FRQFKLJOLD LQ PDUPRO¶DUPDGLRDPXURSHURJJHWWLVDFULLOJUDQGHTXDGURROLR VX WHOD UDI¿JXUDQWH 6DQ /RUHQ]R HG XQ JUDQGH DIIUHVFR GHOOD &URFL¿VVLRQH VXOOD SDUHWH GL IRQGR GHO YHFFKLR RUDWRULR $OWUL

6 0DJHQWD*)S. Rocco e LomelloSFLW

171 HOHPHQWLLQYHFHVRQRRJJLDQGDWLSHUGXWL RWUDVIHULWLWUDLTXDOLXQDJUDQGHWHODGHOOD 9HUJLQH 6DQ 5RFFR H 6DQ 6HEDVWLDQR VXOO¶DOWDUH PDJJLRUH XQ ROLR GHOO¶Ecce Homo RULJLQDULDPHQWH GLHWUR LO SXOSLWR HG DWWXDOPHQWH LQ 6DQ 0LFKHOH H OD SUH]LRVD FRUQLFH GL OHJQR GRUDWR FKH LQTXDGUDYD O¶DIIUHVFRGHOOD&URFL¿VVLRQH

La storia recente

*OLXOWLPLHYHQWLULJXDUGDQWLOD&KLHVDGL6DQ 5RFFRVRQRDQQRYHUDWLQHOODVWRULDUHFHQWH GLTXHVWDDUFKLWHWWXUD ,ORWWREUHLO&RPXQHGL/RPHOORDYYLD OH SUDWLFKH SHU O¶DFTXLVL]LRQH GHOOD &KLHVD GL 6DQ 5RFFR RUPDL VFRQVDFUDWD FKH DYYHUUjLOPDJJLRFRQDWWR¿UPDWR GDOSDUURFRGL/RPHOORGRQ&DUOR3DVLQLH GDOVLQGDFR0DVVLPR$FKLOOL 'DTXHVWDGDWDODFKLHVDYHUUjFKLXVDGH¿QLWLYDPHQWHHVXELUjXQ FUHVFHQWHGHFDGLPHQWRQHJOLDQQL 1HJOL DQQL ¶ O¶$PPLQLVWUD]LRQH VL q PRELOLWDWD SHU RYYLDUH D TXHVWH SUREOHPDWLFKH PHGLDQWH RSHUH GL FRQVROLGDPHQWR VWUXWWXUDOH FRQVLVWHQWL QHO SXQWHOODPHQWR GHO FDPSDQLOH DGGRVVDQGR DOOR VWHVVR XQD VWUXWWXUD SURYYLVLRQDOH GL SUHVLGLR FRVWLWXLWDGDXQWHODLRPHWDOOLFRLQHOHPHQWL³WXERJLXQWR´SRVWR VXOODWRQRUGGHOODFKLHVD 5LVDOHDTXHVWLDQQLXQSURJHWWRGLUHFXSHURGHOO¶HGL¿FLRDI¿GDWR DOOR 6WXGLR )XJJLQL H 5RVVL   PDL UHDOL]]DWR ,O SURJHWWR SUHYHGHYDODQXRYDIXQ]LRQDOL]]D]LRQHGHOODFKLHVDFRPHWHDWUR PHGLDQWH OD UHDOL]]D]LRQH GL XQ SDOFRVFHQLFR GDYDQWL DOO¶DOWDUH PDJJLRUHFRQDQQHVVDSODWHDHUDSUHYLVWRLQROWUHXQRVSD]LRSHU LOSXEEOLFRFRVWLWXLWRGDXQSLDQRVRSSDOFRDFXLDFFHGHUHWUDPLWH GXHYDQLVFDODFLOLQGULFLSRVWLDLODWLGHOO¶LQJUHVVR/¶DQWLFRRUDWRULR HUDSHQVDWRSHUHVVHUHDGLELWRDVDODKDUGZDUHHGRYHYDHVVHUH DQFK¶HVVRGRWDWRGLVRSSDOFRFHQWUDOH 'D TXL LQ SRL VL DQLPD XQ GLEDWWLWR VXOOD SRVVLELOH GHPROL]LRQH GHOO¶HGL¿FLR ¿QFKq QH YLHQH ULFRQRVFLXWR LO YDORUH SDWULPRQLDOH FKHKDSHUPHVVRLOUHSHULPHQWRGLIRQGLQHFHVVDULSHULUHVWDXUL GHOOHIDFFLDWHHVWHUQH 1HO  LQL]LDQR L ODYRUL VX SURJHWWR GHO  GHO SURI

172 In basso LQJ /RUHQ]R -XULQD GHO 3ROLWHFQLFR GL 0LODQR O¶LQWHUYHQWR GL Sezione longitudinale: DGHJXDPHQWRVWUXWWXUDOHVLqFRQFUHWL]]DWRQHOFRQVROLGDPHQWR ULOLHYRPDWHULFRHGHO GHJUDGR GHO FDPSDQLOH WUDPLWH O¶LQVHULPHQWR GL WLUDQWL PHWDOOLFL QHOOH 6DQ5RFFR/RPHOOR PXUDWXUHHODUHDOL]]D]LRQHGLXQDVFDODLQWHUQDODVLVWHPD]LRQH

Pagina successiva GHOPDQWRGLFRSHUWXUDDPPDORUDWRODFRQVHUYD]LRQHGHOOHYROWH D /RFDOL]]D]LRQHLQ LOWUDWWDPHQWRFRQVHUYDWLYRGHOOHVXSHU¿FLPXUDULHHJOLVFDYLSHU SLDQWDGHOODFDSSHOOD ODUHDOL]]D]LRQHGLYHVSDLDUHDWL,QROWUHODFKLHVDqVWDWDGRWDWDGL GHOOD9HUJLQHGHO LPSLDQWRLGULFRVDQLWDULRHOHWWULFRHGLULVFDOGDPHQWRDSDYLPHQWR &DUPHOR E )RWRJUD¿DGHOORVWDWR 8OWLPDWLLODYRULGLFRQVROLGDPHQWRHFRQVHUYD]LRQHQHOODH[ DWWXDOHGHOODFDSSHOOD &KLHVDGL6DQ5RFFRYLHQHUHVWLWXLWDFRQODGLJQLWjGLPRQXPHQWR 6DQ5RFFR/RPHOOR DOODFLWWDGLQDQ]DGL/RPHOOR

Diagnostica e conoscenza: lo stato conservativo della ex Chiesa di San Rocco

,QGDJLQLDSSURIRQGLWHVRQRVWDWHHIIHWWXDWHVXOOHPXUDWXUHGHOOD H[&KLHVDGL6DQ5RFFRFRQO¶LQWHQWRGLFDUDWWHUL]]DUHLPDWHULDOL

173 LQRSHUDHVWDELOLUQHORVWDWRFRQVHUYDWLYR$OORVFRSRFLVLq DYYDOVL GHOOD FROODERUD]LRQH FRQ LO ³/DERUDWRULR 0D0H&+  0DWHULDOLH0HWRGLSHULO3DWULPRQLR&XOWXUDOH´ 'LSDUWLPHQWRGL &KLPLFD0DWHULDOLH,QJHJQHULD&KLPLFD³*1DWWD´3ROLWHFQLFR GL 0LODQR  SUHVVR LO TXDOH VRQR VWDWH HIIHWWXDWH XQD VHULH GL LQGDJLQLGLDJQRVWLFKHVXLFDPSLRQLSUHOHYDWLin situ 3UHOLPLQDUPHQWH DOOH LQGDJLQL GLDJQRVWLFKH XQ DSSURFFLR FRQRVFLWLYR GLUHWWR VL q UHVR SRVVLELOH DWWUDYHUVR OH IDVL GL ULOLHYR JHRPHWULFR HIIHWWXDWR PHGLDQWH WHRGROLWH H GL ULOLHYR IRWRJUD¿FR HODERUDWR ¿QR DOOD VWHVXUD GL IRWRUDGGUL]]DPHQWL SHU OD UHVWLWX]LRQH GHOOR VWDWR GL IDWWR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR 4XHVWL XOWLPL IRUQLVFRQR OD EDVH SHU OD ORFDOL]]D]LRQH GHL PDWHULDOL FKHFRVWLWXLVFRQRLOPDQXIDWWRDUFKLWHWWRQLFR ULOLHYRPDWHULFR  HODPDSSDWXUDGHOOHGLYHUVHIRUPHGLDOWHUD]LRQHSUHVHQWLH ULOHYDELOLDGRFFKLRQXGR ULOLHYRGHOGHJUDGR  /HSULQFLSDOLFDXVHGLGHJUDGRVRQRGDLPSXWDUVLDOO¶XPLGLWj GLULVDOLWDFDSLOODUHDOO¶XPLGLWjGLFRQGHQVDHDOGLODYDPHQWR GDSDUWHGLDFTXHPHWHRULFKHIRUPDWLVLLQSDVVDWRSURYHQLHQWL GDIHVVXUD]LRQLQHOODPXUDWXUD0ROWRSUREDELOPHQWHLGHJUDGL SUHVHQWL VRQR FDXVDWL GD SUREOHPL GL XPLGLWj SUHFHGHQWL

7 KWWSPLGDUFKHPSROLPLLW

174 In basso DOO¶XOWLPR LQWHUYHQWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH8 PD O¶DVVHQ]D GL XQ D /RFDOL]]D]LRQHH PRQLWRUDJJLRGHOOHFRQGL]LRQLGHOODPXUDWXUDGLXQULOHYDPHQWR GHQRPLQD]LRQHGHL FDPSLRQLSUHOHYDWL GHOO¶XPLGLWjSUHVHQWHLQHVVDHGHOO¶XPLGLWjDPELHQWDOHSULPD GDOO¶DSSDUDWRGHFRUDWLYR GHOO¶DYYLDPHQWRGHOFDQWLHUHQRQKDSHUPHVVRDOFXQDYHUL¿FD GHOO¶DOWDUH GHOIHQRPHQR Dettaglio delle aree di SUHOLHYRGHLFDPSLRQL 6L YHGH OD QHFHVVLWj GL XQR VWXGLR SXQWXDOH GHL PDWHULDOL E ³3XWWR´HF ³)LRUH´ H GL FRPH HVVL VL GHJUDGLQR LQ UHOD]LRQH DOOD SHFXOLDULWj FRQHYLGHQWLIHQRPHQL GHOO¶DPELHQWH FLUFRVWDQWH /¶DSSURIRQGLPHQWR GLDJQRVWLFR di degrado degli strati GL¿QLWXUD SHU OD FDUDWWHUL]]D]LRQH GHL PDWHULDOL H OD YDOXWD]LRQH GHOOR VWDWR FRQVHUYDWLYR GL VHJXLWR SURSRVWR q VWDWR HIIHWWXDWR VX FDPSLRQLSUHOHYDWLGDOO¶DOWDUHGHOODFDSSHOODGHOOD9HUJLQHGHO &DUPHOR VHOH]LRQDWD FRPH ³DUHD SLORWD´ SRLFKp ULVXOWD GL JUDQGH LQWHUHVVH SHU O¶DPSLR FDPSLRQDULR GL SUREOHPDWLFKH FKHSURSRQH /DFDSSHOODGHOOD9HUJLQHGHO&DUPHOR ;9,,,VHFROR qFROORFDWD OXQJRLOODWRVLQLVWURGHOO¶DPELHQWHSULQFLSDOHHGqFDUDWWHUL]]DWD GDXQDULFFDGHFRUD]LRQHDVWXFFRGLHSRFDEDURFFDHGDOOD

8 ,QWHUYHQWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHHFRQVROLGDPHQWR  VXSURJHWWRGHO GHOSURILQJ/RUHQ]R-XULQDGHO3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQR

175 SUHVHQ]DGLXQDOWDUHGHGLFDWRDOOD9HUJLQHGHO&DUPHOR /H VXSHU¿FL GHFRUDWH GHOOD FDSSHOOD DWWXDOPHQWH YHUVDQR LQ XQ SUHFDULR VWDWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH /D SUHVHQ]D GL XPLGLWj QHOOH PXUDWXUH HG HVWHVL IHQRPHQL GL FULVWDOOL]]D]LRQH VDOLQD KDQQR JUDYHPHQWH FRPSURPHVVR OD ¿QLWXUD VXSHU¿FLDOH GHO PRGHOODWR H GHJOL HOHPHQWL DUFKLWHWWRQLFL /H WUDFFH UHVLGXH GL ¿QLWXUD VRQR LGHQWL¿FDELOL LQ DOFXQH DUHH LVRODWH ULFRSHUWH GD XQR VWUDWR GLVFRQWLQXR GL FRORUH YHUGH VFXUR FKH WHQGH D GLVWDFFDUVL GDO VXSSRUWR GL PDOWD LQ VHJXLWR D PLQLPH VROOHFLWD]LRQL PHFFDQLFKH 6SRUDGLFKH WUDFFH GL GRUDWXUD LQROWUHDI¿RUDQRLQTXHVWH]RQHODGGRYHOD¿QLWXUDVXSHU¿FLDOH DSSDUH PDJJLRUPHQWH GLVJUHJDWD ,Q VHJXLWR DO GLVWDFFR GHL IUDPPHQWLGHOORVWUDWRYHUGHLOVXEVWUDWRDSSDUHULFRSHUWRGD XQDYHODWXUDGLFRORUHJLDOORDUDQFLR,GHWWDJOLGHOOHGHFRUD]LRQL EDURFFKHLQIDWWLULVXOWDQRDQFRUDOHJJLELOLVHSSXUHOHVXSHU¿FL GL FRORUH ELDQFR DSSDLDQR ULFRSHUWH GD XQ OHJJHUR GHSRVLWR VXSHU¿FLDOHGLSROYHULHSDUWLFRODWRIDFLOPHQWHULPRYLELOH 8QDFDPSDJQDGLDJQRVWLFDVXOOHVXSHU¿FLGHOODFDSSHOODYLHQH FRQGRWWD FRQ O¶RELHWWLYR GL FDUDWWHUL]]DUH L GLYHUVL PDWHULDOL SUHVHQWLLQRSHUDLQSDUWLFRODUHTXHOOLFRVWLWXHQWLLOVXEVWUDWRH JOLVWUDWLVRYUDSSRVWLGL¿QLWXUDHGLYDOXWDUQHO¶DWWXDOHVWDWRGL FRQVHUYD]LRQH,QIDWWLVRORDOVHJXLWRGLDSSURIRQGLWHULFHUFKH VDUj SRVVLELOH SURFHGHUH FRQ XQ SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH H ULXVR LO SL SRVVLELOH YLFLQR DOOH QHFHVVLWj GHO PDQXIDWWR H ¿QDOL]]DWRDOULVSHWWRGHOODVXDPDWHULFLWj

Il campionamento

'DOODVXSHU¿FLHLQHVDPHVRQRSUHOHYDWLQXPHURVLIUDPPHQWL GLPDWHULDOHWUDLTXDOLYHQJRQRVHOH]LRQDWLFLQTXHFDPSLRQL VSHFL¿FL SHU TXHVWR VWXGLR GHQRPLQDWL VHFRQGR OD ORUR SURYHQLHQ]D , FDPSLRQL SUHOHYDWL VRQR DQDOL]]DWL SHU OD FDUDWWHUL]]D]LRQH VLDGHOOHPDOWHFRVWLWXHQWLODGHFRUD]LRQHGHOODFRUQLFHHGHOOH ¿JXUH FDPSLRQL³FDSLWHOOR´³DUFKLWUDYH´H³FRUQLFH´ VLDGHOOD ¿QLWXUD VXSHU¿FLDOH QHL VXRL GLYHUVL VWDWL GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH TXDOLWUDFFHGLGRUDWXUDVWUDWLGLFRORUHYHUGHVFXURHGLFRORUH JLDOORDUDQFLR FDPSLRQL³SXWWR´H³¿RUH´  ,OFDPSLRQDPHQWRYLHQHHVHJXLWRXWLOL]]DQGRELVWXULHVFDOSHOOR LQDFFLDLRHGLOPDWHULDOHUDFFROWRqFRQVHUYDWRLQFRQWHQLWRUL VLJLOODWLGLSROLHWLOHQH

176 Indagini diagnostiche di laboratorio

/H LQGDJLQL GLDJQRVWLFKH LQ ODERUDWRULR SUHYHGRQR LO FDPSLRQDPHQWR GL OLPLWDWH SRU]LRQL GL PDWHULDOH SUHOHYDWR in situ HG KDQQR OR VFRSR GL FDUDWWHUL]]DUH PDWHULD H FRORUH GDO SXQWR GL YLVWDFKLPLFR PLQHUDORJLFR PLFURVWUXWWXUDOH ¿VLFR H PHFFDQLFRHGLYDOXWDUQHORVWDWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH 'DWR FKH RJQL LQGDJLQH KD XQ FRVWR GD XQ SXQWR GL YLVWD VLD WHPSRUDOH VLD VRSUDWWXWWR HFRQRPLFR q LPSRUWDQWH FKH RJQL VLQJROD RSHUD]LRQH VLD SLDQL¿FDWD DGHJXDWDPHQWH SHU OH ¿QDOLWj ULFKLHVWH /¶LQGDJLQH GLDJQRVWLFD LQROWUH QRQ GHYH HVVHUHFRQVLGHUDWDFRPHXQDFRQIXVDHJHQHULFDULFKLHVWDGL SURYH PD DO FRQWUDULR GHYH HVVHUH SURJUDPPDWD H JHVWLWD DFFXUDWDPHQWH LQ FRQIRUPLWj DOOH HVLJHQ]H GL FRQRVFHQ]D GHOO¶HGL¿FLR(¶ QHFHVVDULRWHQHUHVHPSUHSUHVHQWHQHOODVFHOWD GHLPHWRGLODPLQLPDLQYDVLYLWjLQPRGRGDQRQDUUHFDUHDOFXQ GDQQRDJOLHOHPHQWLDUFKLWHWWRQLFLLQHVDPH /DGRFXPHQWD]LRQHSUHOLPLQDUHGHOPDWHULDOHFDPSLRQDWRQHOOD FDSSHOODGHOOD9HUJLQHGHO&DUPHORYLHQHHIIHWWXDWDSHUPH]]R GL PDFURIRWRJUD¿H LQ ³VWHUHRPLFURVFRSLD´ OD TXDOH SHUPHWWH O¶RVVHUYD]LRQH H OD GHVFUL]LRQH PRUIRORJLFD GHL FDPSLRQL VX HQWUDPELLODWL verso e recto /¶RVVHUYD]LRQHDWDOLLQJUDQGLPHQWL q VWDWD ¿QDOL]]DWD DOOD IRUPXOD]LRQH GL SULPH LSRWHVL FLUFD OD VWUDWLJUD¿DGHLFDPSLRQL LQGLYLGXD]LRQHGLUHVLGXLGLGRUDWXUD PLQLRUHVLQHSUREDELOPHQWHXVDWHFRPHFROODQWHRVVHUYD]LRQH GHOODGLIIHUHQWHJUDQXORPHWULDGHJOLDJJUHJDWLHWF. &LzqVWDWR GHWHUPLQDQWHSHUODVFHOWDGLVRWWRFDPSLRQLWDQWRSLFRPSOHVVL SHUODUHDOL]]D]LRQHGLVH]LRQLOXFLGHQHFHVVDULHDOORVWXGLRGHOOD VWUDWLJUD¿DGHLFDPSLRQLGHOODFDUDWWHUL]]D]LRQHGHLPDWHULDOLH GHOOHFDXVHGLGHJUDGR 7UDPLWH O¶RVVHUYD]LRQH LQ ³PLFURVFRSLD RWWLFD´ LQ OXFH YLVLELOH

177 Pagina precedente H 89 GHOOH DSSRVLWH VH]LRQL OXFLGH VL SXz FRVu YHUL¿FDUH OD &DPSLRQHFRUQLFH VWUDWLJUD¿DGHOOH¿QLWXUHGHJOLVWUDWLVRWWRVWDQWLHGHOVXSSRUWR D 2VVHUYD]LRQHLQ ³PLFURVFRSLDRWWLFD´LQ 7DOL DQDOLVL VRQR SHUWDQWR VSHFL¿FKH SHU O¶LGHQWL¿FD]LRQH GL OXFH89GHOODVH]LRQH VRVWDQ]H GL QDWXUD GLYHUVD FULVWDOOLQH R DPRUIH  RSSXUH WUDVYHUVDOHOXFLGD ULVXOWDUHSDUWLFRODUPHQWHHI¿FDFLQHOULFRQRVFLPHQWRGLSDUWLFRODUL E 6SHWWUR)7,5GHOOD SUHSDUD]LRQH VWUDWR  SLJPHQWLHOHJDQWL 1HOORVSHFL¿FRO¶RVVHUYD]LRQHGHOODVH]LRQHWUDVYHUVDOHOXFLGD In basso LQPLFURVFRSLDRWWLFDLQOXFH89GHOFDPSLRQH³FRUQLFH´LQGLFD Sezione trasversale OXFLGDGHOFDPSLRQH DOGLVRSUDGHOGRSSLRVWUDWRGLPDOWD VWUDWRH ODSUHVHQ]D DUFKLWUDYH GL XQD YHODWXUD FDUDWWHUL]]DWD GD XQD GHEROH ÀXRUHVFHQ]D GL D 2VVHUYD]LRQH6(0 FRORUHURVD VWUDWR  GHOO¶LQWHUIDFFLDWUDLGXH VWUDWLPDOWD 7DOHVWUDWR RWWHQXWR JUD]LH DOO¶XWLOL]]R GL XQ OHJDQWH GL QDWXUD E 0DSSH('6GL RUJDQLFD q SUREDELOPHQWH ULFRQGXFLELOH DG XQD YHODWXUD PDJQHVLRFDOFLRHVLOLFLR UHDOL]]DWD FRQ JRPPDODFFD /D VXFFHVVLRQH VWUDWLJUD¿FD GL TXHVWR FDPSLRQH SUHYHGH SRL XQR VWUDWR GL SUHSDUD]LRQH GL A fronte ,PPDJLQL6(0GHOOD FRORUHJLDOORDUDQFLR VWUDWR WUDFFHGLXQVWUDWRGLGRUDWXUD sezione trasversale DIRJOLDG¶RUR VWUDWR HGLQ¿QHXQRVWUDWRGL¿QLWXUDGLFRORUH OXFLGDGHOFDPSLRQH YHUGHVFXUR VWUDWR  ³¿RUH´ D 6WUDWLJUD¿D $O¿QHGLRWWHQHUHLOSLFRPSOHWRTXDGURFRQRVFLWLYRqQHFHVVDULR FRPSOHVVLYDGHO XQDSSURFFLRFKHVLDYYDOJDGLWHFQLFKHGLODERUDWRULRLQWHJUDWH FDPSLRQH HFRPSOHPHQWDULWUDORUR7UDOHSLDSSOLFDWHQHOO¶DPELWRGHOOD E 'HWWDJOLRGHOODIDOVD FRQVHUYD]LRQH VL ULSRUWDQR OD ³VSHWWURVFRSLD LQIUDURVVD LQ doratura in scaglie di RWWRQH VWUDWR  7UDVIRUPDWD GL )RXULHU )7,5 ´ H OD ³PLFURVFRSLD HOHWWURQLFD D VFDQVLRQH 6(0 ´ FRQ PLFURVRQGD ('6 1HOOR VSHFL¿FR OD

178 ³VSHWWURVFRSLD )7,5´VLEDVDVXOFRPSRUWDPHQWRYLEUD]LRQDOH FDUDWWHULVWLFRGHLGLYHUVLJUXSSLIXQ]LRQDOLSUHVHQWLQHLFRPSRVWL DQDOL]]DWL TXDQGR TXHVWL YHQJRQR FROSLWL GD XQD IDVFLR GL UDGLD]LRQH LQIUDURVVD /¶LQWHUSUHWD]LRQH GHOOR VSHWWUR FKH QH GHULYD SHUPHWWH GL LGHQWL¿FDUH FRQ XQ¶HOHYDWD VHQVLELOLWj H SUHFLVLRQH L FRPSRVWL SUHVHQWL LQ XQD PLVFHOD SLJPHQWL PLQHUDOLGL¿QLWXUHOHJDQWLHDGGLWLYLGHJOLLQWRQDFLWUDWWDPHQWL HGHYHQWXDOLSURWHWWLYL /HDQDOLVLDO6(0LQYHFHSRVVRQRHVVHUHFRQGRWWHVXFDPSLRQL WDOTXDOLSHURVVHUYDUQHODPRUIRORJLDVXSHU¿FLDOHRVXVH]LRQL WUDVYHUVDOLOXFLGHSHUDSSURIRQGLUQHORVWXGLRGHOODVWUDWLJUD¿D /R VWXGLR SXz HVVHUH DSSURIRQGLWR PHGLDQWH O¶XWLOL]]R GHOOD PLFURVRQGD('6LQWHJUDWDQHOORVWUXPHQWR7DOHDQDOLVLFRQVHQWH ODORFDOL]]D]LRQHGHJOLHOHPHQWLSUHVHQWLHYLHQHJHQHUDOPHQWH VLQWHWL]]DWDLQPDSSHGLGLVWULEX]LRQHSDUWLFRODUPHQWHXWLOLDL¿QL GHOODGLVWLQ]LRQHGHLGLYHUVLVWUDWLRYHSUHVHQWLHGHOORVWDWRGL FRQVHUYD]LRQH /¶RVVHUYD]LRQH LQ PLFURVFRSLD HOHWWURQLFD 6(0 H OH DQDOLVL DOOD PLFURVRQGD GHO FDPSLRQH ³DUFKLWUDYH´ ULYHODQR OD QDWXUD PDJQHVLDFD GHO OHJDQWH LPSLHJDWR FRQ FDOFLR H PDJQHVLR GLIIXVLLQHQWUDPELJOLVWUDWL /D SUHVHQ]D GL VLOLFDWL DWWULEXLELOL DOO¶DJJUHJDWR q LQYHFH LQGLYLGXDELOHHVFOXVLYDPHQWHQHOODPDOWDGHOORVWUDWRPHQWUH TXHOODVRYUDVWDQWH VWUDWR ULVXOWDFRVWLWXLWDGDFODVWLVHOH]LRQDWL GLQDWXUDFDUERQDWLFDHPDJQHVLDFD ,FDPSLRQL³SXWWR´H³¿RUH´SURYHQLHQWLGDOPRGHOODWRGHFRUDWLYR KDQQRXQDVXFFHVVLRQHVWUDWLJUD¿FDFRVWLWXLWDGDXQRVWUDWRGL VXSSRUWRGLFRORUHELDQFR VWUDWR XQDSUHSDUD]LRQHGLFRORUH JLDOORDUDQFLR VWUDWR XQDVRWWLOHGRUDWXUDDIRJOLDG¶RUR VWUDWR  HGXQD¿QLWXUDGLFRORUHYHUGHVFXUR VWUDWR  /RVWUDWRGLVXSSRUWRDSSDUHHVWUHPDPHQWHRPRJHQHRHSULYR

179 In basso GL DJJUHJDWL YLVLELOL /H DQDOLVL )7,5 HYLGHQ]LDQR FKH VL WUDWWD 6WUDWLJUD¿DFRPSOHVVLYD GLXQRVWUDWRGLVWXFFRDJHVVR/DSUHSDUD]LRQHVRYUDSSRVWD GHOFDPSLRQH³¿RUH´ D 6WHUHRPLFURVFRSLD KDXQRVSHVVRUHFRVWDQWHHGXQDQGDPHQWRFRQWLQXROXQJROD GHOFDPSLRQHWDOTXDOH VH]LRQHDSSDUHEHQDGHUHQWHDOVXEVWUDWRHGqFRVWLWXLWDGDXQD E 6WHUHRPLFURVFRSLD PLVFHODGLROLRVLFFDWLYRJHVVRHELDFFD7UDFFHGLXQDGRUDWXUD della sezione trasversale OXFLGD D IRJOLD G¶RUR VRQR FKLDUDPHQWH RVVHUYDELOL OXQJR OD VH]LRQH F HG 0LFURVFRSLD /D GRUDWXUD q SUHVHQWH FRQ VSHVVRUH HVWUHPDPHQWH ULGRWWR ottica in luce visibile TXDOFKH ȝP  H FRQ DQGDPHQWR GLVFRQWLQXR ,Q DOFXQH ]RQH della sezione trasversale OXFLGD LQROWUHDSSDUHGLVWDFFDWDGDOVXSSRUWRHPRVWUDXQFHUWRJUDGR GL DGHVLRQH UHVLGXD VROR QHL FRQIURQWL GHOOR VWUDWR GL ¿QLWXUD VRYUDVWDQWH /R VWUDWR GL ¿QLWXUD VXSHU¿FLDOH DOO¶RVVHUYD]LRQH LQ PLFURVFRSLD RWWLFD GHOOD VH]LRQH KD XQR VSHVVRUH PROWR YDULDELOH FRQ OLPLWDWD DGHVLRQH QHL FRQIURQWL GHO VXEVWUDWR H VRQRLGHQWL¿FDELOLGLYHUVH]RQHGLGLVWDFFR/D¿QLWXUDqFRVWLWXLWD GDXQLQVLHPHGLODPHOOHGLIRUPDDOOXQJDWDHFRORUHYDULDELOHGDO URVVREUXQRDOYHUGHFKHWHQGRQRDGLVSRUVLFRQRULHQWDPHQWR SDUDOOHORDOVXEVWUDWR /¶DQDOLVL6(0('6FRQGRWWDVXOORVWUDWRGL¿QLWXUDHVXOOHVLQJROH ODPHOOH FKH OR FRVWLWXLVFRQR HYLGHQ]LD XQD FRPSRVL]LRQH D

180 In basso EDVHGL]LQFRHUDPHFRQSUHVHQ]DGL]ROIRHFORURVLWUDWWD 6FKHPDGHOO¶iter TXLQGL GL XQD IDOVD GRUDWXUD LQ RWWRQH /H ODPHOOH PHWDOOLFKH conoscitivo attraverso O¶XWLOL]]RGLXQSURWRFROOR DSSDLRQR IRUWHPHQWH GHJUDGDWH SHU HIIHWWR GL IHQRPHQL GL GLLQGDJLQLGLDJQRVWLFKH FRUURVLRQHVHOHWWLYDGHOOR]LQFRSDUWLFRODUPHQWHFRQFHQWUDWLLQ FRUULVSRQGHQ]DGHOPDUJLQHHVWHUQRGHOORVWUDWR7DOHSURFHVVR GL GH]LQFL¿FD]LRQH GHOO¶RWWRQH q LQQHVFDWR SURSULR GDOO¶DOWR FRQWHQXWRGLFORUXULHVROIDWLHGLQIDWWLOHPDJJLRULFRQFHQWUD]LRQL GL ]ROIR ULOHYDWH SHU PH]]R GHOOH PDSSH ('6 VL RVVHUYDQR SUHVVRLJUDQLPHWDOOLFLSLGHJUDGDWL /H DQDOLVL )7,5 VX IUDPPHQWL GHOOD ¿QLWXUD HYLGHQ]LDQR OD SUHVHQ]D GL VROIDWL GL PDJQHVLR GL QLWUDWL H GL SURGRWWL GL FRUURVLRQH GHO UDPH UHVSRQVDELOL GHOOD FRORUD]LRQH YHUGDVWUD DVVXQWDGDOODIDOVDGRUDWXUD/DWHFQLFDGLDSSOLFD]LRQHXWLOL]]DWD q SUREDELOPHQWH EDVDWD VXOOD VROD SUHVVLRQH PHFFDQLFD HVHUFLWDWD VXOO¶RWWRQH ULGRWWR LQ SROYHUH H IDWWR DGHULUH DOOH VXSHU¿FLGHOPRGHOODWRGHFRUDWLYR

Risultati delle indagini

/D FDPSDJQD GLDJQRVWLFD VXOOH VXSHU¿FL GHOOD FDSSHOOD KD HYLGHQ]LDWR O¶HVWUHPD SUHFDULHWj GHOOR VWDWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GHOOH¿QLWXUHFKHVLFRQWUDSSRQHDTXHOODDQFRUDVRGGLVIDFHQWH GHOOH PDOWH GL VXSSRUWR , ODFHUWL UHVLGXL GL FRORUH YHUGH FKH FDUDWWHUL]]DQRLQSDUWLFRODUHLOPRGHOODWRGHFRUDWLYRVRQRVWDWL LGHQWL¿FDWLFRPHXQD¿QLWXUDLQWHQ]LRQDOHUHDOL]]DWDLQRWWRQH /¶XWLOL]]R GL XQD IDOVD GRUDWXUD LQ RWWRQH VL q SUREDELOPHQWH

181 UHVRQHFHVVDULRLQVHJXLWRDOSURJUHVVLYRGHWHULRUDPHQWRGHOOD IRJOLDG¶RURVRWWRVWDQWHFKHqVWDWDVRVWLWXLWDIDFHQGRULFRUVR DGXQPDWHULDOH³SRYHUR´HDGXQDWHFQRORJLDGLDSSOLFD]LRQH VHPSOL¿FDWD /D SUHVHQ]D GL FORUXUL DVVRFLDWD D IHQRPHQL GL VROIDWD]LRQHKDLQQHVFDWRSURFHVVLGLFRUURVLRQHVHOHWWLYDQHL FRQIURQWL GHOO¶RWWRQH UHVSRQVDELOL GHOO¶DOWHUD]LRQH FURPDWLFD DWWXDOPHQWHRVVHUYDELOHHGHOODSHUGLWDGLUHVLVWHQ]DGHOORVWUDWR GDHVVRFRVWLWXLWR/DFRQVHUYD]LRQHGLWDOH¿QLWXUDHGHLUHVLGXL GL GRUDWXUD VRWWRVWDQWH DSSDUH SDUWLFRODUPHQWH SUREOHPDWLFD SRLFKpGRYUHEEHHVVHUHDFFRPSDJQDWDGDOODULPR]LRQHGLXQ HOHYDWRFRQWHQXWRGLVDOLVROXELOLGDXQVXEVWUDWRSDUWLFRODUPHQWH GHWHULRUDWR H FRQ XQD OLPLWDWD DGHVLRQH UHVLGXD DOOH PDOWH GL VXSSRUWR

Conclusioni

/H LQGDJLQL GLDJQRVWLFKH SRVVRQR HVVHUH XWLOL]]DWH VLD FRPH PHWRGR GL FRQWUROOR SULPD H GXUDQWH O¶LQWHUYHQWR VLD SHU OD YHUL¿FD GHOOD FRUUHWWH]]D H GXUDELOLWj GHJOL LQWHUYHQWL HVHJXLWL 8QDPSLRrangeGLPHWRGRORJLHGLDJQRVWLFKHqGLVSRQLELOHSHU GH¿QLUH OH VWUDWHJLH GL LQWHUYHQWR H GL PDQXWHQ]LRQH /¶DQDOLVL GHOODVWUDWLJUD¿DSXzFRPHLQTXHVWRFDVRULYHODUHLQIRUPD]LRQL GLYDORUHVXOODWHFQLFDHVHFXWLYDVXOODFURQRORJLDFRVWUXWWLYDH VXOODVWRULDFRQVHUYDWLYDGLXQHGL¿FLR /DGLDJQRVWLFDDVVRFLDWDDOSURJHWWRDUFKLWHWWRQLFRSXzHVVHUH XWLOH D RWWHQHUH LQIRUPD]LRQL HVVHQ]LDOL VXOOD WLSRORJLD GHOOD PXUDWXUDRGHOOH¿QLWXUHPHWWHQGRFRVuLSURJHWWLVWLLQJUDGRGL FRPSUHQGHUHORVWDWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQHHFRQRVFHUHOHFDXVHGL HYHQWXDOLGHJUDGLHGLVVHVWL4XHVWHFRQRVFHQ]HSHUPHWWRQRGL PHWWHUHDSXQWRSURJHWWLSLFRQVDSHYROLHPLVXUHGLLQWHUYHQWR SLFRPSDWLELOLFRQO¶HVLVWHQWH

%LEOLRJUD¿D

%HUWROGL00DUOHWWL03XJOLVL67HVLGL/DXUHDProgetto di riuso della H[FKLHVD GL 6DQ 5RFFR H ULTXDOL¿FD]LRQH GL 3LD]]D GHOOD 5HSXEEOLFD Lomello (PV).5HODWRUH0%RULDQL&RUUHODWULFL6%RUWRORWWR/7RQLROR 3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQR)DFROWjGL$UFKLWHWWXUD&LYLOHDD

&DPSDQHOOD & Opere di conservazione e restauro(G,O6ROH RUH 0LODQR

182 &KLDUL$&RJJLROD*7HVLGL/DXUHDLe piaghe di San Rocco, ovvero una proposta di conservazione per la chiesa di San Rocco a Lomello (Pv). 5HODWRUH/-XULQD3ROLWHFQLFRGL0LODQR)DFROWjGL$UFKLWHWWXUDH6RFLHWj DD

&LULDFKL&0DFUu8Costruire in laterizio(G1,65RPD

&RGHOOR5Gli intonaci. Conoscenza e conservazione(G$OLQHD)LUHQ]H 

&RPXQHGL/RPHOORPiano di sicurezza e coordinamento, Decreti legislativi H2JJHWWR5HVWDXURHULTXDOL¿FD]LRQHGHOODFKLHVDGL6DQ Rocco a Lomello (PV), GLFHPEUH

'DYROL 3 Intonaci: requisiti, criteri progettuali, esecuzione, prestazioni, (G+RHSOL0LODQR

'LQQDSSD 5 . 0D\DQQD 6 0 7KH GH]LQFL¿FDWLRQ RI EUDVV DQG LWV inhibition in acidic chloride and sulphate solutions, in ³&RUURVLRQ6FLHQFH´ YROSS

'¶RUD]LR0Gli intonaci e l’umidità(G%H0D0LODQR

'XQNHUWRQ - The restoration of gilding on panel paintings, (G -DPHV -DPHV/RQGRQ

)HLIIHU&/DFRQVHUYD]LRQHGHOOHVXSHU¿FLLQWRQDFDWH(G6NLUD0LODQR 

)UDQFHVFKL6*HUPDQL/Manuale operativo per il restauro architettonico, (G'(,7LSRJUD¿DGHOJHQLRFLYLOH5RPD

*DVWDOGL03HGHIHUUL3Scienza e tecnologia dei materiali(G/LEUHULD &/830LODQR

*LDFDORQH3/DQHU)3DOD$Murature faccia a vista. Patologie e rimedi, (G)UDQFR$QJHOL0LODQR

-jUz0*jO77zWK$The characterization and deterioration of modern metallic threads. ,Q³6WXGLHVLQ&RQVHUYDWLRQ´Q(G0DQH\

0DJHQWD*)S. Rocco e Lomello(G7LSROLWRJUD¿D$UWLJLDQD9LJHYDQR 

0DWWHLQL00ROHV$La chimica nel restauro. I materiali dell’arte pittorica, (G1DUGLQL)LUHQ]H

0\HUV 5 /RQJ - 6 Film-forming compositions 9RO  (G 0DUFHO 'HNNHU1HZ

183 3DQL]]D*La donazione Santagostino a Lomello: catalogo delle opere, (G&RPXQHGL/RPHOOR/RPHOOR

6DYLQL$La Lomellina nei secoli, in Ente Provinciale Turismo di Pavia, a cura di Turismo in Lomellina: il recupero dei castelli e del patrimonio storico-artistico,(G0RQWDJQD9RJKHUD

6FRWW'$Copper and Bronze in Art-corrosion. Colorants, conservation, (G*HWW\/RV$QJHOHV

7R]]L3La Lomellina come era(G/LEUHULDG¶DUWH&DUGDQR3DYLD

=HYL/Il manuale del restauro architettonico(G0DQFRVX5RPD

=XFFKL0Lomello (476-1796) con un cenno sul periodo delle origini, (G )UDWHOOL%RFFD7RULQR

184 La diagnostica per il costruito: la Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore

Fabiano Bariani, Andrea Caligaris - architetti Andrea Garzulino - Politecnico di Milano, D.A.St.U.

Introduzione al metodo

/D GLDJQRVWLFD q GD GH¿QLUVL FRPH XQ FRPSOHVVR GL GRWWULQH WHFQLFKHPDQXDOLVWUXPHQWDOLHGLODERUDWRULRFKHKDQQRFRPH ¿QH TXHOOR GL IRUPXODUH XQD ³GLDJQRVL´ SUHYHQWLYD DO SURJHWWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH GHL PDQXIDWWL DUFKLWHWWRQLFL 3HU GLDJQRVL VLLQWHQGHODGHWHUPLQD]LRQHGHOODQDWXUDRGHOODVHGHGLXQD SDWRORJLDDOVHJXLWRGHOODYDOXWD]LRQHGHLVLQWRPL /D GLDJQRVWLFD VL SRQH GXQTXH FRPH IRQGDPHQWDOH IDVH SUHOLPLQDUH GHOO¶LQWHUYHQWR GL FRQVHUYD]LRQH HVVD SHUz QRQ HVDXULVFHLOVXRFDPSRG¶D]LRQHLQDWWLYLWjVRORSURSHGHXWLFKH PD DFFRPSDJQD LO SURJHWWR QHOOD VXD LQWHUH]]D DWWUDYHUVR OD UDFFROWD GL GDWL SULPD GXUDQWH H GRSR O¶LQWHUYHQWR VWHVVR LQ XQDVRUWDGL³FROODXGR´GLTXDQWRSURJUDPPDWRYHUL¿FDQGRQHL ULVXOWDWLUDJJLXQWL /DVFLHQ]DHODWHFQLFDPRGHUQDVRQRRJJLLQJUDGRGLIRUQLUH SUHFLVHLQIRUPD]LRQLGLWLSR³TXDQWLWDWLYR´H³TXDOLWDWLYR´SXQWXDOH H DUHDOH QRQ VROR VXOOD ERQWj GHL PDWHULDOL GD FRVWUX]LRQH H VXOOHVWUXWWXUHPXUDULHPDDQFKHVXOORURVWDWRGLFRQVHUYD]LRQH HVXOTXDGURSDWRORJLFRJHQHUDOH1XPHURVLVRQRLIDWWRULFKH FRQGXFRQRYHUVRODVFHOWDHO¶DSSOLFD]LRQHGLWHFQLFKHGLYHUVH ³WDUDWH´ VXOOD VSHFL¿FLWj GHOO¶RJJHWWR GL VWXGLR H OH ¿QDOLWj ULFKLHVWHSDUDPHWULTXDOLO¶LQYDVLYLWjODFRPSDWLELOLWjO¶HI¿FDFLD JOLRELHWWLYLOHSULRULWjLFRVWLHGLWHPSLFRQWULEXLVFRQRLQIDWWLDG LQGLYLGXDUHLQWHUYHQWLLGRQHLFKHDVVLFXULQRXQDFRUUHWWDGLDJQRVL GHOORVWDWRGLIDWWRHJDUDQWLVFDQRODTXDOLWjGHOSURJHWWR 1HOFDVRVSHFL¿FRGL6DQWD0DULD0DJJLRUHLOPHWRGRGLLQGDJLQH XWLOL]]DWR q GL WLSR QRQ LQYDVLYR O¶DWWHQ]LRQH DO GDWR PDWHULFR VWUDWL¿FDWR DOOD VXD DXWHQWLFLWj H OD QHFHVVLWj GL FRQVHUYDUOR QHOOR VWDWR HIIHWWLYR LQ FXL q JLXQWR VLQR D QRL ULFKLHGRQR LQIDWWL XQ DWWHJJLDPHQWR DOWDPHQWH ULVSHWWRVR FKH SUHYHGH GL RSHUDUHPHGLDQWHLQGDJLQLPLQLPDPHQWHLQYDVLYH3HUTXDQWR FRQFHUQHOHSURYHFKHVLVRQRVYROWHin situ KDQQRDIIURQWDWROH SUREOHPDWLFKHFKHULJXDUGDQRLIHQRPHQLGLXPLGLWjHODYHUL¿FD GHOODYDULD]LRQHGLYHUWLFDOLWjGHLSLODVWULGHOOD%DVLOLFDGL6DQWD

185 0DULD0DJJLRUHD/RPHOOR/DUDFFROWDGHLGDWLqVWDWDHIIHWWXDWD VWDJLRQDOPHQWHLQPRGRGDRWWHQHUHOHLQIRUPD]LRQLQHFHVVDULH DL¿QLGLDWWXDUHXQDYHUDHSURSULDDWWLYLWjGLPRQLWRUDJJLRFRQ O¶RELHWWLYR GL UDFFRJOLHUH GDWL XWLOL SHU OD PHVVD D SXQWR GL XQ SURJHWWR7XWWHOHRSHUD]LRQLVRQRVWDWHSHUWDQWRDWWHQWDPHQWH SURJHWWDWH H SURJUDPPDWH DO ¿QH GL FRQWUROODUQH LQ itinere gli RELHWWLYLLOLPLWLOHSRWHQ]LDOLWjHO¶HI¿FDFLD

Il monitoraggio dell’umidità

/D%DVLOLFDGL6DQWD0DULD0DJJLRUHqVLWXDWDQHOFHQWURVWRULFR GHO FRPXQH GL /RPHOOR SL SUHFLVDPHQWH VX XQ GRVVR IUXWWR GHLGHSRVLWLÀXYLDOLHGHOO¶D]LRQHPHFFDQLFDGHOWRUUHQWH$JRJQD FKH QHO FRUVR GHL VHFROL KD JHQHUDWR ]RQH GL GHSUHVVLRQH LQ SURVVLPLWjGHOPDQXIDWWRVWHVVR /DFKLHVDSUHVHQWDXQSULPRLQJUHVVRVXOODWRRYHVWFKHLQVLVWH VXXQWUDWWRGHOOHPXUDWDUGRURPDQHHDVHJXLUHXQ³YHVWLEROR´ HVWHUQR FDUDWWHUL]]DWR GDOOD SUHVHQ]D GHL UHVWL GHOOH SULPH WUH DUFDWH FKH FRQGXFRQR DOO¶DWWXDOH IDFFLDWD HUHWWD QHO ;9,,, VHFROR/D%DVLOLFDqDFURFHODWLQDFRQWUHQDYDWHOHODWHUDOL DVLPPHWULFKH OH DUFDWH QRQ XJXDOL H OD SRVL]LRQH GHL SLODVWUL QRQLQDVVHWUDGLORUR,SLODVWULUHJJRQRDOWHUQDWDPHQWHJUDQGL DUFKL WUDVYHUVDOL D WXWWR VHVWR LQ PDWWRQL GHVWLQDWL D SRUWDUH O¶RUGLWXUDSULQFLSDOHHVHFRQGDULDGHOWHWWRFKHFRSUHODQDYDWD FHQWUDOH6RSUDWXWWLLSLODVWULVLLQQHVWDQRDQFKHJOLDUFKLSRUWDQWL LPXULORQJLWXGLQDOLGHOODQDYDWDFHQWUDOHHFKHOLVHSDUDQRGDOOH QDYDWH PLQRUL , EUDFFL GHO WUDQVHWWR KDQQR YROWD D ERWWH H VL DSURQRVXOODFURFLHUDFHQWUDOHDWWUDYHUVRGXHDUFKLSLDOWLH SLODUJKLGLTXHOOLGHOODQDYDWDSULQFLSDOH $OO¶HVWHUQR LO WHWWR GHOOD QDYDWD FHQWUDOH H GL TXHOOH PLQRUL q FRVWLWXLWRGDWHJROHHGHPEULFL,OVLVWHPDFRVWUXWWLYRGHL¿DQFKL GHOOH QDYDWH ODWHUDOL VXL ODWL HVWHUQL q FRVWLWXLWR GD OHVHQHGL FLUFD PH]]R PHWUR GL ODUJKH]]D FKH UDFFKLXGRQR OH VWUHWWH ¿QHVWUH DG DUFR D WXWWR VHVWR H D GRSSLD VWURPEDWXUD 'HWWH OHVHQH VRQR FROOHJDWH H LQFRUQLFLDWH DOO¶DOWH]]D GHOOD JURQGD GDJUXSSLGLWUHDUFKHWWLSHQVLOL

,OPRQLWRUDJJLRGHOO¶XPLGLWjGLULVDOLWDKDULJXDUGDWRLOSURVSHWWR QRUG HVWHUQR HG LQWHUQR GHOOD %DVLOLFD GL 6DQWD 0DULD 0DJJLRUHGRYHVRQRHYLGHQWLWDOLIHQRPHQLLQFRUULVSRQGHQ]D GHOOH]RQHSLEDVVHGHOODPXUDWXUD,OULOLHYRqVWDWRHIIHWWXDWR PHGLDQWH LJURPHWUR D FRQWDWWR FKH UHJLVWUD OD SUHVHQ]D GL

186 DFTXDVXSHU¿FLDOHVXOOHPXUDWXUHVHUYHQGRVLGLXQHOHWWURGRD GXHDJKLÊXQVLVWHPDGLPLVXUDGHOO¶XPLGLWjGLWLSRYHUVDWLOHHG LGRQHRSHUULOHYD]LRQLGLWLSRDUHDOH7DOHVWUXPHQWRSHUPHWWH LQROWUHGLFRQRVFHUHLGDWLDPELHQWDOLQHLTXDOLqVWDWRHVHJXLWR LO PRQLWRUDJJLR VWHVVR FRQ LQGLFD]LRQH GHOOD WHPSHUDWXUD H GHOO¶XPLGLWj UHODWLYD GHOO¶DULD QRQFKp GHO YDORUH GHO SXQWR GL UXJLDGDHGHOORVWDWRGLFRQGHQVDGHOOHVXSHU¿FL7UDWWDQGRVLGL XQRVWUXPHQWRFKHQRQ³LQWDFFD´ODVWUXWWXUDGHOO¶HGL¿FLRqGD FRQVLGHUDUVLXQRGHLPHWRGLGLLQGDJLQHQRQGLVWUXWWLYD

*UD]LH DG XQD JULJOLD SURJHWWDWD D WDYROLQR H GL software1 Surfer  GL HODERUD]LRQH GDWL q SRVVLELOH FUHDUH PDSSDWXUH FKH HODERUDQGR L YDORUL SXQWXDOL ULVFRQWUDWL GDOOR VWUXPHQWR SRVVDQRIRUQLUHXQDYLVLRQHDUHDOHGHOO¶DQGDPHQWRGHOO¶XPLGLWj VXSHU¿FLDOHVXOODSDUHWHLQGDJDWD8QDLPPHGLDWDFRQVHJXHQ]D qODSRVVLELOLWjGLLGHQWL¿FDUHSRU]LRQLGLPXUDWXUDDPPRUVDWH HRQRQUHDOL]]DWHQHOODPHGHVLPDHSRFD4XHVWRqGRYXWRDO IDWWRFKHO¶XPLGLWjVLPXRYHLQIRUPDRPRJHQHDDOO¶LQWHUQRGHL SDUDPHQWLPXUDULHGXQTXHLQFDVRGLHYLGHQWHGLVFRQWLQXLWjFL VLWURYDGLIURQWHDGXQDLQFRHUHQ]DGRYXWDDOFDPELDPHQWRGL PDWHULDOHGDFRVWUX]LRQHRSSXUHSUHVXPLELOPHQWHDSRU]LRQLGL HGL¿FLRGDWDELOLLQHSRFKHGLIIHUHQWL /¶LQGDJLQH VL q VYROWD LQ SL ULSUHVH WUDPLWH WUH ULOLHYL VSHFL¿FL ULVSHWWLYDPHQWHQHLPHVLGLQRYHPEUHIHEEUDLRHPDJJLR   DL¿QLGLRWWHQHUHXQTXDQWLWDWLYRGLGDWLVXI¿FLHQWHGDHVVHUH SDUDJRQDWLHUDIIURQWDWL4XHVWRWLSRGLULOHYD]LRQHKDSHUPHVVR GLFRPSLHUHXQDYHUDHSURSULDDWWLYLWjGLPRQLWRUDJJLRDO¿QHGL FRPSUHQGHUH TXDOH IRVVH LO FRPSRUWDPHQWR GHOO¶XPLGLWj QHOOH PXUDWXUHLQHVDPHGXUDQWHLOFLFORGLLPELEL]LRQHHDVFLXJDWXUD VWDJLRQDOL6RQRVWDWHLQGDJDWHOHVXSHU¿FLGHOSURVSHWWRLQWHUQR HG HVWHUQR HVSRVWR YHUVR QRUG LO SL FULWLFR (VVR q LQIDWWL FDUDWWHUL]]DWRGDXQIURQWHGLULVDOLWDGLXPLGLWjFKHDSDUWLUHGDO SDYLPHQWRLQWHUQDPHQWHHGDOWHUUHQRHVWHUQDPHQWHVHJQDLO PXURSHUXQDDOWH]]DYDULDELOH ,O WLSR GL DQDOLVL HIIHWWXDWR q GD FRQVLGHUDUVL WUD OH WHFQLFKH QRQGLVWUXWWLYHHVLEDVDVXOODPLVXUD]LRQHSXQWXDOHGHLYDORUL G¶XPLGLWj PHGLDQWH XQ HOHWWURGR FRQ GXH DJKL 7DOHHOHWWURGR YLHQHDSSRJJLDWRVXXQSXQWRSUHFLVRGHOODPXUDWXUDUHVWLWXHQGR XQDPLVXUD]LRQHFKHLQGLFDLOYDORUHGHOO¶XPLGLWj7DOHD]LRQHq VWDWDULSHWXWDSHUWXWWLLSXQWLGHOODPXUDWXUDGDLQGDJDUH$L¿QL GLXQFRUUHWWRULOHYRVLqUHVRQHFHVVDULRSUHGLVSRUUHXQDJULJOLD

1 Software LQ JUDGR GL DQDOL]]DUH H PRGHOODUH OH VXSHU¿FL H L GDWL DG HVVH FROOHJDWL

187 LQFXLLSXQWLGDLQGDJDUHVRQREHQGH¿QLWLQRUPDOPHQWHWDOH JULJOLDqFRVWLWXLWDGDXQDPDJOLDGLTXDGUDWLRUHWWDQJROLOHFXL GLPHQVLRQLQRQVXSHULQRLFP1HOFDVRVSHFL¿FRGL6DQWD 0DULD0DJJLRUHVLqRSWDWRSURSULRSHUTXDGUDWLGLFLUFDFP PRGXODELOLLQEDVHDOOHHVLJHQ]HPRUIRORJLFKHGHOOHPXUDWXUH 7DOHWHFQLFDqULVXOWDWDSLXWWRVWRODERULRVDVLDSHULOULOLHYRYHURH SURSULRVLDSHUFLzFKHFRQFHUQHODSUHSDUD]LRQH(¶QHFHVVDULR LQIDWWL DYHUH D GLVSRVL]LRQH XQ DFFXUDWR ULOLHYR JHRPHWULFR H SRVVLELOPHQWHLIRWRUDGGUL]]DPHQWLGHLIURQWL ,O ULVXOWDWR GHOOH DQDOLVL KD SHUPHVVR GL LQGLYLGXDUH XQR GHL SUREOHPL VH QRQ LO SULQFLSDOH FKH DIÀLJJH O¶HGL¿FLR FLRq OD ULVDOLWD FDSLOODUH GL DFTXD QHOOH PXUDWXUH H GL SHUGLWH GHOO¶LPSLDQWR GL VFROR GHOOH DFTXH SHUFHSLELOL DQFKH DG XQD

188 A fronte SULPD LQGDJLQH YLVLYD /D SUHVHQ]D GL DFTXD QHOOH PXUDWXUH 3ODQLPHWULD HLVXRLFDPELDPHQWLGLVWDWRKDQQRLQQHVFDWRPHFFDQLVPLGL GHOFRPSOHVVRFRQ LQGLFD]LRQHLQURVVR DJJUHVVLRQH¿VLFDHFKLPLFDUHVSRQVDELOLSHUEXRQDSDUWHGHO GHOIURQWHHGHLSLODVWUL GHJUDGRHGHOO¶DPPDORUDPHQWRGHLPDWHULDOL2 DQDOL]]DWL 4XHVWDFDPSDJQDGLDJQRVWLFDqVHUYLWDSHUFHUFDUHGLYDOXWDUH Basilica di Santa Maria 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR TXDQWLWDWLYDPHQWH H TXDOLWDWLYDPHQWH LO JUDGR GL XPLGLWj VXOOH PXUDWXUHHFRPSUHQGHUHLOVXRYDULDUHQHOFRUVRGHOOHVWDJLRQL In basso HGHLFLFOLGLLPELEL]LRQHHDVFLXJDWXUD 6FKHPDG¶LQGDJLQH ÊHPHUVRDOWUHVuFKHO¶XPLGLWjGLULVDOLWDKDXQDGLVWULEX]LRQH adottato con relativa UHVWLWX]LRQHJUD¿FD FRQIRUPH DOOD PDSSDWXUD GHO GHJUDGR GHL PDWHULDOL YDULDELOH LOFRORUHSLLQWHQVR SHUzLQUHOD]LRQHDOODGLYHUVLWjGHLODWHUL]LHGHOODORURFDSDFLWj LQGLFDXQDPDJJLRUH GLDVVRUELPHQWR PDWWRQLFRWWLGLYHUVDPHQWHSUHVHQWDQRGLYHUVH concentrazione di XPLGLWj  FDSDFLWjGLLPELEL]LRQHHTXLQGLDQFKHGLGHJUDGR  &RPH JLj DQWLFLSDWR LO ULOLHYR GHOO¶XPLGLWj WUDPLWH LJURPHWUR D FRQWDWWR VL q FRQFHQWUDWR VXOOD PXUDWXUD PDJJLRUPHQWH

2 3HU HVHPSLR JHOR ULGX]LRQH GHOOH FDUDWWHULVWLFKH WHFQLFKH H PHFFDQLFKH WUDVSRUWRHFULVWDOOL]]D]LRQHGHLVDOLVROXELOL

189 FROSLWDFLRqTXHOODDQRUGVLDDOO¶LQWHUQRVLDDOO¶HVWHUQR3ULPD GLHVDPLQDUHLGLYHUVLGDWLGLPRQLWRUDJJLRqGRYHURVRIRUQLUH GHOOHLQGLFD]LRQLPROWRLPSRUWDQWLULJXDUGDQWLODQDWXUDPDWHULFD GHOODPXUDWXUDSUHVDLQHVDPHLQTXDQWRVRQRSUHVHQWLGHOOH GLVRPRJHQHLWj FKH KDQQR LQÀXLWR QRWHYROPHQWH VXOO¶DQDOLVL ,QSULPROXRJRVLDVXOODSDUHWHLQWHUQDVLDVXTXHOODHVWHUQD qSUHVHQWHLQDOFXQLWUDWWLGHOODPDOWDDGLQWRQDFR,OFDPELR GL PDWHULDOH PDWWRQH D YLVWD PDWWRQH LQWRQDFDWR  QRQ UHQGH FRQWLQXDODOHWWXUDGHLGDWL8QVXFFHVVLYRIDWWRUHFKHLQÀXLVFH VXOO¶DQGDPHQWRGHLGDWLULOHYDWLqODGLVFRQWLQXLWjGHOODPXUDWXUD LQWHUQDLQDOFXQLWUDWWLLQIDWWLLFRQFLPXUDULRULJLQDULVRQRVWDWL VRVWLWXLWL ³VFXFL H FXFL´  GD DOWUL GL GLYHUVD QDWXUD H GLYHUVH SURSULHWj UHQGHQGR PHQR FRQIURQWDELOL L YDORUL ULVFRQWUDWL LQ WDOL SRU]LRQL GL SDUHWH /¶XOWLPD FDXVD FKH GHWHUPLQD XQD GLVFRQWLQXLWj GHL YDORUL q OD SUHVHQ]D GL SDUWL DJJHWWDQWL GHOOD PXUDWXUD HVWHUQD DUFR UDPSDQWH H FRQWUDIIRUWH  FKH FUHDQR ]RQH VXOODIDFFLDWDHVWHUQD PHQRYHQWLODWHIDFHQGRDXPHQWDUH FRVuLYDORULGLXPLGLWjULVSHWWRDOODPHGLDULVFRQWUDWDQHOOHYDULH OHWWXUHVXOPHGHVLPRSURVSHWWRQRUG 1HL SHULRGL G¶LQGDJLQH OD FRQFHQWUD]LRQH GL XPLGLWj QHOOH PXUDWXUHqYDULDWDQRWHYROPHQWHDQRYHPEUHLOWDVVRGLXPLGLWj KD UDJJLXQWR SLFFKL LQWRUQR DO  VXOOD SDUHWH HVWHUQD FRQFHQWUDWL QHOOH ]RQH SHU OD PDJJLRU SDUWH ULFRSHUWH GD LQWRQDFRGRYHLYDORULPHGLVRQRULVXOWDWLQHWWDPHQWHVXSHULRUL ULVSHWWRDLYDORULULVFRQWUDWLVXOODWHUL]LRFKHFRVWLWXLVFHO¶LQWHUR IDEEULFDWR 8Q¶DQRPDOLD LQ QHJDWLYR q VWDWD LQGLYLGXDWD VXOOD SDUWH GL PXUDWXUD QDVFRVWD GDO FRQWUDIIRUWH LQ TXHVWL SXQWL O¶XPLGLWjKDUDJJLXQWRYDORULYLFLQLDO 3HUTXDQWRULJXDUGDODSDUHWHLQWHUQDLYDORULVRQRVLPLOLDTXHOOL ULOHYDWLDOO¶HVWHUQRHVLFRQFHQWUDQRDQFKHLQTXHVWRFDVRVXOOH SDUWL ULFRSHUWH GD LQWRQDFR H VXOOH ]RQH GL GLVFRQWLQXLWj GHOOD PXUDWXUD ,QIDWWL L YDORUL SL HOHYDWL LQWRUQR DO  VRQR FRQFHQWUDWLQHOOH]RQHVRSUDFLWDWHLQSDUWLFRODUPRGRYLFLQRDO SULPR FRQIHVVLRQDOH H YLFLQR DOO¶DJJDQFLR FRQ LO WUDQVHWWR 8Q DVSHWWRFRPXQHDOO¶LQWHUQRHDOO¶HVWHUQRqGDWRGDOODPDJJLRUH XPLGLWjULOHYDWDQHOOHYLFLQDQ]HGHOWHUUHQRDTXRWDPH PGRYHOHOHWWXUHVRQRPDJJLRULULVSHWWRDOODSDUWHSLDOWD 4XHVWRVWDDGLQGLFDUHFKHO¶XPLGLWjqGLWLSRDVFHQGHQWHFLRq SURYHQLHQWHGDOWHUUHQRDQGDQGRDGDWWHQXDUVLPDQPDQRFKH FLVLDOORQWDQDGDLSXQWLSLEDVVL 3HU TXDQWR ULJXDUGD OH OHWWXUH GHO PHVH GL IHEEUDLR LO FRPSRUWDPHQWRGHOO¶XPLGLWjqVLPLOHDTXHOORSUHFHGHQWHFRQXQ VHQVLELOHDXPHQWRGLWXWWLLYDORUL,QIDWWLTXHVWLQHLFDVLPDVVLPL

190 In basso VLDYYLFLQDQRDOVLDLQWHUQDPHQWHFKHHVWHUQDPHQWHQHOOH *UD¿FLGHOOHDUHHSL PHGHVLPH]RQHFLRqTXHOOHGLGLVFRQWLQXLWjGHOODPXUDWXUDH FULWLFKHHUDIIURQWR stagionale dei dati TXHOOHULFRSHUWHGDLQWRQDFR ULOHYDWL LOFRORUH /¶XOWLPD DQDOLVL GHO PHVH GL PDJJLR HYLGHQ]LD XQ QRWHYROH SLLQWHQVRLQGLFD DEEDVVDPHQWRGHLYDORULLQWXWWHOHSDUWLGHOSDUDPHQWRPXUDULR XQDPDJJLRUH concentrazione FRQ]RQHFKHSUHVHQWDQRXQ¶XPLGLWjPROWRYLFLQDDOULVSHWWR GLXPLGLWj  DGXQDPHGLDFKHVLDJJLUDLQWRUQRDO$QFKHQHLFDVL OLPLWHLYDORULULVFRQWUDWLVLVRQRDGHJXDWLDOO¶DQGDPHQWRGHOOD ULPDQHQWH SDUWH GL PXUDWXUD FRQ TXDOFKH SLFFROD HFFH]LRQH nelle vicinanze del terreno dove sono stati rilevati valori PHGLDPHQWHDOWLDWWRUQRDO &RQFOXGHQGR QHOOH WUHGLYHUVH IDVLGLDQDOLVL VLqULOHYDWRXQ DQGDPHQWR GHOO¶XPLGLWj PROWR VLPLOH 8Q¶XOWHULRUH DQDORJLD WUD OHWUHVHULH GLOHWWXUHqULVFRQWUDELOH QHL YDORUL GHOOH PXUDWXUH GLUHWWDPHQWH D FRQWDWWR FRQ LO WHUUHQR TXHVWH SRU]LRQL VRQR LQIDWWLVHPSUHWUDOHSLXPLGHULVFRQWUDWH /D UDFFROWD H O¶DUFKLYLD]LRQH VLVWHPDWLFD GHL GDWL IDFLOPHQWH DJJLRUQDELOLFRQVXOWDELOLHFRPSDUDELOLGLYHQJRQRSUHVXSSRVWR SHUXQFRUUHWWRDSSURFFLRDOFRVWUXLWRFKHSRVVDSRUWDUHDGXQD PLJOLRUHFRPSUHQVLRQHFULWLFDGHLIHQRPHQLLQDWWRHGDOODVWHVXUD

191 A fronte GL XQ SURJHWWR DGHJXDWR 1HO FDVR VSHFL¿FR OH RSHUDWLYLWj VL ,PPDJLQHVWRULFD WUDGXUUDQQRLQXQFRQWUROORGHOOHSHQGHQ]HGHOWHUUHQRDOSLHGH DQWHFHGHQWHDO  ed attuale della navata GHOODIDEEULFD GDOSURVSHWWRYHUVRO¶HVWHUQR LQPRGRGDLQYLWDUH FHQWUDOH O¶DFTXD SLRYDQD D FRQÀXLUH ORQWDQR GDOOH IRQGDPHQWD LQ XQD Basilica di Santa Maria JHVWLRQHGHOOHDFTXHPHWHRULFKHUDFFROWHGDOODFRSHUWXUDFRQ 0DJJLRUH/RPHOOR SOXYLDOLDGHJXDWLHGLQ¿QHFRQODIRUPD]LRQHFDQWLHUL]]D]LRQHGL XQR³VFDQQDIRVVR´LQJUDGRGLVDQDUHO¶XPLGLWjGLULVDOLWD

Il monitoraggio strutturale

,OPRQLWRUDJJLRqXQVLVWHPDLQJUDGRGLDFTXLVLUHLQIRUPD]LRQL FLUFD OR VWDWR GL IDWWR GL XQ HGL¿FLR R GL XQD VWUXWWXUD WUDPLWH OD SUHGLVSRVL]LRQH GL VWUXPHQWD]LRQL GL FRQWUROOR FRQWLQXR QHO WHPSR 7DOL OHWWXUH QHO FDPSR VWUXWWXUDOH ULJXDUGDQR SULQFLSDOPHQWH SDUDPHWUL GLPHQVLRQDOL FRPH O¶DQGDPHQWR GL IHVVXUD]LRQL R JLXQWL GLVFRQWLQXLWj PXUDULH VSRVWDPHQWL GHIRUPD]LRQL R URWD]LRQL GHOOH VWUXWWXUH SRUWDQWL SDUDPHWUL FOLPDWLFLHDPELHQWDOLTXDOLSHUHVHPSLRWHPSHUDWXUDHXPLGLWj LQWHUQD H LQGLFD]LRQL FLUFD JOL HYHQWXDOL VIRU]L H DFFHOHUD]LRQL VXELWL GDOOH FRPSRQHQWL DUFKLWHWWRQLFKH Ê FRVu SRVVLELOH RWWHQHUH GDWL VLJQL¿FDWLYL VXO FRPSRUWDPHQWR GHOO¶HGL¿FLR DQDOL]]DWRLQPRGRWDOHGDSRVVHGHUHXQDFRQRVFHQ]DFRQWLQXD LQXQDUFRWHPSRUDOHSURJUDPPDWRDGLIIHUHQ]DGHOOHDWWLYLWjGL VROD³VRUYHJOLDQ]D´FKHIRUQLVFRQRLQIRUPD]LRQLFRQORVFRSR GL FRQWUROODUH O¶HYHQWXDOH VXSHUDPHQWR GL VRJOLH PDVVLPH R PLQLPHSUHVWDELOLWHSHUFLDVFXQSDUDPHWURGDLQGDJDUH ,, PRQLWRUDJJLR q XQ¶DWWLYLWj FKH SXz IRUQLUH O¶DQDOLVL H O¶LQWHUSUHWD]LRQHGHLIHQRPHQLGLQDPLFLLQDWWRFRQXQDSULPD HODERUD]LRQHVHSRVVLELOHGLPRGHOOLPDWHPDWLFLGLFRQIURQWR 8QD DFFXUDWD SURJHWWD]LRQH GHO PHWRGR q GD FRQVLGHUDUVL SULPDULD SHU LO UDJJLXQJLPHQWR GL YDOLGL ULVXOWDWL Ê LQIDWWL LQL]LDOPHQWH XWLOH VWDELOLUH JOL RELHWWLYL GD UDJJLXQJHUH H OH JUDQGH]]H FDUDWWHULVWLFKH SHU O¶HVDPH GHO SUREOHPD FRQ OD FRQVHJXHQWH VFHOWD GHOOD VWUXPHQWD]LRQH SL DGDWWD H GHOOD GXUDWDGHOPRQLWRUDJJLRDQFKHVXOODEDVHGHOO¶DFFXUDWH]]DFKH VLYXROHRWWHQHUH PHJOLRVHWDOHLQGDJLQHYLHQHVYROWDQHOO¶DUFR GLXQDQQRSLGXHVWDJLRQL 7DOHSDVVDJJLRSUHOLPLQDUHULVXOWD GLQRWHYROHLPSRUWDQ]DLQTXDQWRSXzHYLWDUHO¶DFTXLVL]LRQHGL GDWLQRQFRHUHQWLFRQORVFRSRGHOSURJHWWRHFKHSRWUHEEHUR LQÀXHQ]DUHVHQRQIDOVDUHLGDWLUHDOPHQWHVLJQL¿FDWLYLSHUOD ULFHUFD ,VLVWHPLGLOHWWXUDHJHVWLRQHGHLGDWLRJJLGLVSRQLELOLVRQR

192 GLGLYHUVDQDWXUDHWLSRORJLD3GDLSLVHPSOLFLFRPSOHWDPHQWH PDQXDOL FRQ OD QHFHVVLWj SHUWDQWR GL GRYHU GLVSRUUH GL XQ RSHUDWRUH ¿QR DL SL PRGHUQL H FRPSOHVVL FRPSOHWDPHQWH DXWRPDWL]]DWL H JHVWLELOL GD UHPRWR FRQ GHOOH FRQVHJXHQWL SRWHQ]LDOLWjHFULWLFLWjPROWRGLIIHUHQWL5LVXOWDSHUWDQWRQHFHVVDULD XQ¶DWWHQWD VHOH]LRQH GHO SL DGDWWR DQFKH LQ UHOD]LRQH DOOH WHPSLVWLFKHDLFRVWLHDOO¶HYHQWXDOHQHFHVVLWjGLPDQXWHQ]LRQH GHOVLVWHPDDGRWWDWR

)LQ GDOOH SULPH LQGDJLQL VYROWH GXUDQWH OH IDVL GL ULOLHYR OD FKLHVDGL6DQWD0DULD0DJJLRUHKDVHPSUHODVFLDWRSUHVDJLUH GHOOHSRVVLELOLSUREOHPDWLFKHGLFDUDWWHUHVWDWLFRHRVWUXWWXUDOH VXJJHULWHGDLQRWHYROLIXRULSLRPERLQDOFXQLFDVLYLVLELOLDQFKH DGRFFKLRQXGRGHOOHPXUDWXUHSHULPHWUDOLGHOODQDYDWDFHQWUDOH HGLTXHOOHODWHUDOL $GLQÀXLUHqODVRVWDQ]LDOHPRGL¿FDDYYHQXWDDOODVWUXWWXUDGL FRSHUWXUDLQWHUQDGHOODQDYDWDFHQWUDOH SURJHWWR*LQR&KLHULFL   H SUHVXPLELOPHQWH OD GLVSRVL]LRQH GHOOH FDPSDWH LQ

3 3HU XQD SL HVDXVWLYD WUDWWD]LRQH GL WDOH WHPDWLFD FIU 5XJJHURQH ( Diagnostica strutturaleSS(G'DULR)ODFFRYLR3DOHUPR

193 In basso SLDQWDFKHQRQVHJXRQRXQDQGDPHQWRRUWRJRQDOHULJRURVRH 6FKHPDWL]]D]LRQH SUREDELOPHQWHFDXVDWRGDOOHYDULHVWUDWL¿FD]LRQLVWRULFKH4 GHLIXRULSLRPERH DODWRSDUWLFRODUHGHO /¶LPSLDQWR VWUXWWXUDOH SULQFLSDOH GHOOD EDVLOLFD q FRPSRVWR GD 3LODVWUR& SLODVWULGLGLYHUVDVH]LRQHUHVLVWHQWHVXLTXDOLJUDYDQRWXWWHOH DOWUHFRPSRQHQWLFRPHSHUHVHPSLRWUDOHSLLQÀXHQWLDOLYHOOR GLFDULFKLJOLDUFKLLQPXUDWXUDSHULOVRVWHJQRGHOODFRSHUWXUD H TXHOOL GL FROOHJDPHQWR WUD OH QDYDWH ODWHUDOL GD VHJQDODUH LQROWUH OD SUHVHQ]D GL FDWHQH PHWDOOLFKH FKH DWWUDYHUVDQR OD QDYDWDFHQWUDOH 3URSULRSHUODSDUWLFRODUHVLWXD]LRQHVLqVFHOWRGLPRQLWRUDUH LQWUHGLVWLQWHIDVLGLULOLHYRHWUDPLWHO¶XWLOL]]RGLXQDVWD]LRQH totale prismless5, LO SRVVLELOH VSRVWDPHQWR GL DOFXQH SRU]LRQL GHOOD VWUXWWXUD SRUWDQWH H LO TXDGUR IHVVXUDWLYR LQWHUQR HG HVWHUQRGHOODFKLHVD,SULPLGDWLHPHUVLGDWDOLFRQWUROOLKDQQR HYLGHQ]LDWR XQD VRVWDQ]LDOH RPRJHQHLWj GHOOH LQIRUPD]LRQL PHWULFKHQHOO¶DUFRWHPSRUDOHGLFLUFDTXLQGLFLPHVLLQIDWWLQRQ VLVRQRUHJLVWUDWLVSRVWDPHQWLGHOOHVWUXWWXUHHQHPPHQRGHOOH SULQFLSDOLOHVLRQLSUHVHQWLVXOOHPXUDWXUH6XFFHVVLYDPHQWHVLq VFHOWRGLLQGDJDUHVHPSUHDOLYHOORPHWULFRLGLVDVVDPHQWLFKH LQWHUHVVDQRODFKLHVDEDWWHQGRXQDVHULHGLSXQWLLQOLQHDUHWWD H QHOOH GXH GLUH]LRQL GL SRVVLELOH VSRVWDPHQWR GHOOD SRU]LRQH

4 'DWL HPHUVL GDOOD ULFHUFD VWRULFD GRFXPHQWDOH FIU I restauri storici della Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore di LomelloGL3DROR6DYLR 5 6WD]LRQH7RWDOH7RSFRQ0RGHOOR*37

194 GL PXUDWXUD LPPHGLDWDPHQWH VXSHULRUH DG RJQL SLODVWUR 7DOH DWWLYLWjKDPHVVRLQOXFHODSUHVHQ]DGLIXRULSLRPERWDOYROWD DQFKHPROWRULOHYDQWLFRQYDORULPLQLPLGLFP¿QRDGXQ PDVVLPRGLFP , ULVXOWDWL FRVu RWWHQXWL KDQQR VXJJHULWR XQ ODYRUR EHQ SL FRPSOHVVRGLDQDOLVLVWUXWWXUDOHDL¿QLGLLQGDJDUHOHRULJLQLGLXQ SRVVLELOHSUREOHPDVWDWLFR

,O SULPR SDVVR FRPSLXWR q VWDWD O¶DQDOLVL GHL FDULFKL JUDYDQWL VXOOH VWUXWWXUH GLIIHUHQ]LDQGR OH FRPSRQHQWL LQ EDVH DOOD ORUR IXQ]LRQHHDOODORURLQÀXHQ]D6 /HIRU]HDJHQWLVXFLDVFXQSLODVWUR7VLVRQRULYHODWHPROWRVLPLOL WUD ORUR HYLGHQ]LDQGR FRPH OD PXUDWXUD LQ ODWHUL]LR LQFLGD QRWHYROPHQWHVXOWRWDOHGHLFDULFKL 1HO PRGHOOR GL FDOFROR XWLOL]]DWR VRQR VWDWH LQVHULWH WXWWH OH SRVVLELOL YDULDELOL DO ¿QH GL SRUUH OD VWUXWWXUD SRUWDQWH QHOOD VLWXD]LRQH SL FULWLFD YHUL¿FDELOH LQ QDWXUD RYYHUR LQVHUHQGR ODSUHVHQ]DGHLFDULFKLGRYXWLDOODQHYHHVHQ]DFRQVLGHUDUHL SRVVLELOLEHQH¿FLGRYXWLDOO¶D]LRQHGHOOHFDWHQHPHWDOOLFKHSRVWH WUDOHPXUDWXUHSHULPHWUDOLGHOODQDYDWDFHQWUDOH 3HUWDQWR JOL HOHPHQWL FRQVLGHUDWL GXUDQWH O¶DQDOLVL GHL FDULFKL VRQR LGHQWL¿FDELOL QHOOH VHJXHQWL FDWHJRULH QHYH FRSHUWXUD LQ FRSSL VROHWWD LQ WDYHOOH FDSULDWD OLJQHD RUGLWXUD OLJQHD SULQFLSDOHHVHFRQGDULDGHOODFRSHUWXUDFDVVHWWRQDWROLJQHRH HOHPHQWLLQPXUDWXUD 8QDYROWDQRWHWXWWHOHIRU]HHLFDULFKLDJHQWLVXOODVWUXWWXUDVL q SURFHGXWR FRQ LO FDOFROR GHOOH UHD]LRQL YLQFRODUL DJHQWL VXOOD EDVHVXSHULRUHGHOSLODVWURVFRPSRQHQGRODVWUXWWXUDSRUWDQWH LQ SRU]LRQL GLVWLQWH LQ UHOD]LRQH DOOD ORUR JHRPHWULD H DOOD ORUR SRVL]LRQHULVSHWWRDOUHODWLYRVXSSRUWRYHUWLFDOH3HURJQLVLQJROR HOHPHQWR8 VRQR VWDWL LQGLYLGXDWL L ULVSHWWLYL EDULFHQWUL RYYHUR L SXQWL GL DSSOLFD]LRQH GHOOH IRU]H SUHFHGHQWHPHQWH FDOFRODWH 4XHVWRKDPHVVRLQOXFHXQ¶XQLFDSRU]LRQHFKHVFDULFDLOSHVR LQYHUWLFDOHHTXDWWURFKHVFDULFDQRLQGLUH]LRQHREOLTXDDFDXVD GHOODSUHVHQ]DGHJOLDUFKL3HUTXHVWLXOWLPLqVWDWRQHFHVVDULR FDOFRODUHDQFKHLOYHURSXQWRGLDSSOLFD]LRQHGHOOHIRU]HDOODEDVH VXSHULRUHGHOSLODVWURLQTXDQWRQRQFRLQFLGHQWHFRQLOEDULFHQWUR GHOODVWHVVDHWDOHGDJHQHUDUHXQDVHULHGLIRU]HDJJLXQWLYH

6 %HUQX]]L&&KHVL&Proporzionamento di elementi strutturali. Fondamenti di teoria e progetto delle costruzioniSS(G8WHW*LXULGLFD0LODQR 7 1HO SUHVHQWH VWXGLR VRQR VWDWL DQDOL]]DWL L SLODVWUL FKH SUHVHQWDYDQR OD VLWXD]LRQHGLFDULFRSHJJLRUHQHOOD¿JXUDGLULIHULPHQWRYHGLLSLODVWULLQGLFDWLFRQOH OHWWHUHGDOOD³$´DOOD³)´ 8 7UDPLWHsoftwareGLGLVHJQRYHWWRULDOH

195 A lato $QDOLVLGHLFDULFKL JUDYDQWLVXO3LODVWUR&

196 In alto Distribuzione delle IRU]HGHJOLHOHPHQWL SHUWLQHQWLLO3LODVWUR& in evidenza le quattro risultanti oblique 576= HTXHOOD YHUWLFDOH 1 

In basso 5LFRVWUX]LRQH WULGLPHQVLRQDOHGHO Pilastro C e delle strutture ad esso FRQQHVVHFRQ indicazione della WLSRORJLDGLFDULFR

197 A fronte 6XFFHVVLYDPHQWHqVWDWRDQDOL]]DWRLOUDSSRUWRFKHLQWHUFRUUH Distribuzione delle WUD O¶DUHD VXSHULRUH H O¶DUHD LQIHULRUH GL FLDVFXQ VXSSRUWR IRU]HVXOODVRPPLWj 9 e sulla base del Pilastro YHUWLFDOH ULVFRQWUDQGR XQD PDJJLRUH VXSHU¿FLH DOOD EDVH  ,O & LQDOWR LQGLFD]LRQH PHGHVLPRUDJLRQDPHQWRqVWDWRULSRUWDWRSHULOSHVRFDOFRODQGR GHLPRPHQWLHGHL LO FDULFR GL RJQL SLODVWUR LQ DVVHQ]D GHOOH UDVWUHPD]LRQL H WDJOLVXOODEDVHVXSHULRUH HWDEHOODULHSLORJDWLYDGHL TXDQWL¿FDQGR VHSDUDWDPHQWH L SHVL GL TXHVWH , YDORUL VRQR YDORULPDVVLPLRWWHQXWL VWDWL LQ VHJXLWR UDSSRUWDWL WUD ORUR SRQHQGR LQ HYLGHQ]D FKH GDOPRGHOORPDWHPDWLFR O¶DXPHQWRSHUFHQWXDOHGLVXSHU¿FLHqULVXOWDWRPDJJLRUHULVSHWWR di calcolo in assenza e in 10 SUHVHQ]DGHOODFDWHQD DOO¶DXPHQWR SHUFHQWXDOH GHO FDULFR  7DOL LQIRUPD]LRQL KDQQR SRUWDWR D SHQVDUH FKH SUHVXPLELOPHQWH WDOL UDVWUHPD]LRQL H IXRULSLRPERQRQVLDQRIUXWWRGLSUREOHPLGLQDWXUDVWUXWWXUDOH PD GL XQ DFFRUJLPHQWR WHFQLFRFRVWUXWWLYR DGRWWDWR LQ IDVH GL UHDOL]]D]LRQHGHOODFKLHVDSHURYYLDUHDOSRVVLELOHULEDOWDPHQWR GHLSLODVWULGRYXWRDOOHD]LRQLRUL]]RQWDOLGHOOHIRU]H11 3HUYHUL¿FDUHWDOHSRVVLELOLWjVLqSURFHGXWRDGXQDSULPDDQDOLVL GHOODUHVLVWHQ]DDFRPSUHVVLRQHHWUD]LRQHGHLSLODVWUL3HUWDQWR qVWDWRUDSSRUWDWRLOWRWDOHGHOOHIRU]HDOODVXSHU¿FLHUHVLVWHQWH SHU RWWHQHUH XQ RUGLQH GL JUDQGH]]D LQ JUDGR GL LQGLFDUH LGHDOPHQWHLFDULFKLLQJLRFR/DULVXOWDQWHGHOOHIRU]HqVWDWD GXQTXHDSSOLFDWDQHOEDULFHQWURGHOO¶DUHDVXSHULRUHGHOSLODVWUR HUDSSRUWDWDDOODVWHVVDWUDPLWHODFRUULVSRQGHQ]D1$12 7XWWL L YDORUL RWWHQXWL SHU RJQL VLQJROR SLODVWUR VRQR ULVXOWDWL VLPLOLHFRPSUHVLDOO¶LQWHUQRGLXQLQWHUYDOORGLYDORULDFFHWWDELOL UDIIRU]DQGRXOWHULRUPHQWHO¶LSRWHVLLQL]LDOH 3UHPHWWHQGRFKHLOFDOFRORSUHFHGHQWHQRQKDIRUQLWRFRQFOXVLRQL GH¿QLWLYHPDVRORXQDVWLPDGLPDVVLPDVLqSURFHGXWRFRQXQD RSHUD]LRQHGLYHUL¿FDSLSXQWXDOHHDFFXUDWDGHOODUHVLVWHQ]DD WUD]LRQHHFRPSUHVVLRQHGLFLDVFXQVXSSRUWRYHUWLFDOH ,Q SULPR OXRJR VRQR VWDWH SUHVH LQ FRQVLGHUD]LRQH OH IRU]H DSSOLFDWH QHOOH ORUR HFFHQWULFLWj13 TXHVWH KDQQR SHUWDQWR JHQHUDWRXQDVHULHGLIRU]HVXSSOHPHQWDULHLQÀXHQWLLQPRGR LQFLGHQWH VXOOD VWDWLFD GHOOD VWUXWWXUD 6HFRQGDULDPHQWH VRQR VWDWLTXDQWL¿FDWLLPRPHQWLGLSUHVVRÀHVVLRQHGHYLDWDVXLGXH DVVLSULQFLSDOL ;H< LQPRGRWDOHGDRWWHQHUHLFRHI¿FLHQWLSHU

9 0HGLDPHQWHLOLQSLULVSHWWRDOO¶DUHDVRPPLWDOHGHOSLODVWUR 10 0HGLDPHQWHO¶DXPHQWRGLSHVRqULVXOWDWRGLSRFRVXSHULRUHDOVXOWRWDOH 11 )HLIIHU & Il progetto di conservazione SS  (G )UDQFR $QJHOL 0LODQR 12 &RQ ³1´ LQGLFDQWH LO WRWDOH GHOOH IRU]H H ³$´ O¶DUHD VXSHULRUH GHO VXSSRUWR YHUWLFDOH 13 ,QPROWLFDVLOHIRU]HQRQVRQRSDVVDQWLSHULOEDULFHQWURGHOODVH]LRQHFRQ LOWHUPLQHHFFHQWULFLWjVLLQGLFDSURSULRODGLVWDQ]DWUDLOSXQWRGLDSSOLFD]LRQHGHOOD IRU]DHLOEDULFHQWUR%HUQX]]L&&KHVL&. Proporzionamento di elementi strutturali. Fondamenti di teoria e progetto delle costruzioniSS(G8WHW*LXULGLFD 0LODQR

198 SRWHU WUDFFLDUH OD UHWWD GHOOD VH]LRQH SDU]LDOL]]DWD RYYHUR OD GLYLVLRQHDUHDOHWUDOH]RQHFRPSUHVVHHWHVH,QWXWWLLSLODVWUL WDOHUHWWDqULVXOWDWDDOGLIXRULGHOODVH]LRQHUHVLVWHQWHLQGLFDQGR FRVuODWRWDOHFRPSUHVVLRQHGHOO¶DUHD ,Q¿QHVLqSURFHGXWRDOODTXDQWL¿FD]LRQHGHOPRPHQWRWRUFHQWH RYYHURGHOOHIRU]HLQJUDGRGLJHQHUDUHXQDWRUVLRQHVXOO¶DVVH YHUWLFDOH GHO SLODVWUR 6RQR VWDWH SUHVH LQ FRQVLGHUD]LRQH WXWWHOHFRPSRQHQWLRUL]]RQWDOLDSSOLFDWHQHOOHORURHFFHQWULFLWj GHWHUPLQDQGR FRVu XQ YDORUH WRWDOH XWLOH DOOD SUHFLVD]LRQH GHOODUHVLVWHQ]DPDVVLPDGHOODVH]LRQH14,ULVXOWDWLHPHUVLGD WDOLYHUL¿FKHKDQQRUHVWLWXLWRSHUODWLSRORJLDGLPXUDWXUDGHOOD

14 (VSUHVVD WUDPLWH LO UDSSRUWR WUD LO SURGRWWR GHO PRPHQWR WRUFHQWH FRQ XQ FRHI¿FLHQWH GRYXWR DOOD JHRPHWULD GHOOD VH]LRQH H LO SURGRWWR GHOOH GLPHQVLRQL GHOO¶DUHDSUHVDLQHVDPH

199 EDVLOLFD YDORUL DO GL VRWWR GHL OLPLWL SUHVWDELOLWL LQIHULRULD .JFP2  SHUWDQWR VHQ]D WHRULFKH ULSHUFXVVLRQL VXOOD VWUXWWXUD SRUWDQWH

I risultati ottenuti

&RPH JLj DIIHUPDWR WXWWL L FDOFROL VRQR VWDWL HIIHWWXDWL QHOOH VLWXD]LRQLGLFDULFRSHJJLRULHVFOXGHQGRO¶D]LRQHGHOODFDWHQD FKH DQGUHEEH DG DQQXOODUH DOFXQH FRPSRQHQWL GL FDULFR RUL]]RQWDOH$WDOHSURSRVLWRVRQRVWDWHHIIHWWXDWHGHOOHYHUL¿FKH SUHVXPHQGRLOFRUUHWWRIXQ]LRQDPHQWRGLWDOHSUHVLGLRVWDWLFRH RWWHQHQGRGLFRQVHJXHQ]DYDORULDPSLDPHQWHDOGLVRWWRGHL OLPLWLSUHVWDELOLWLGDOOHQRUPDWLYH)DFHQGRLQ¿QHXQFRQIURQWR WUDLGXHGLYHUVLPRGHOOLGLFDOFRORqSRVVLELOHQRWDUHTXDQWRVLD YDQWDJJLRVD H TXDQWR SRVLWLYDPHQWH LQFLGHUHEEH OD SUHVHQ]D HLOFRUUHWWRIXQ]LRQDPHQWRGHOOHFDWHQH3HUYHUL¿FDUHTXHVWD SRVVLELOLWj VL UHQGHUHEEH QHFHVVDULD XQ¶LQGDJLQH GLDJQRVWLFD YROWDDPRQLWRUDUHHDYHUL¿FDUHLOORURVWDWRWHQVLRQDOH ,Q FRQFOXVLRQH GDL GDWL H GDOOH LQIRUPD]LRQL HPHUVH GXUDQWH O¶DQDOLVLGHOODVWUXWWXUDqSRVVLELOHFRQIHUPDUHOHLSRWHVLLQL]LDOL SHU FXL OH UDVWUHPD]LRQL H L IXRUL SLRPER VRQR SL XQD VFHOWD SURJHWWXDOHFKHQRQXQDGHIRUPD]LRQHVWDWLFDLQTXDQWRWXWWH OHYHUL¿FKHVRQRULVXOWDWHHQWURLOLPLWLPDVVLPLDPPLVVLELOL

%LEOLRJUD¿D

$$99Campanili e torri: le strumentazioni di controllo, il monitoraggio, la diagnostica: atti della giornata di studio e di informazione, 9HQH]LD JLXJQR(G&OXYD9HQH]LD

$YHWD $ 7HFQLFKH SHU LO UHVWDXUR 3UREOHPL GL XPLGLWj QHJOL HGL¿FL monumentali(G$UWH7LSRJUD¿D1DSROL

%DOODQGL5Rilevamento e diagnostica(G(QWHDXWRQRPRSHUOH)LHUH %RORJQD

%HUQX]]L & &KHVL & Proporzionamento di elementi strutturali. Fondamenti di teoria e progetto delle costruzioni (G 87(7 6FLHQ]H 7HFQLFKH0LODQR

%XFFLQR ) *DUDYDJOLD ( *XDJHQWL *UDQGRUL ( 1RYDWL * Statica. Introduzione alla meccanica delle strutture (G 0F*UDZ+LOO 0LODQR 

200 %XVVL / /¶DQDOLVL GHOOD VLFXUH]]D GHJOL HGL¿FL VWRULFL GLDJQRVWLFD problematiche e criteri di calcolo con esempi numerici (G 'H /HWWHUD 0LODQR

&DURWWL $ Sperimentazione, monitoraggio, diagnostica strutturale (G /LEUHULD&OXS0LODQR

&LJQL*&RGDFFL3LVDQHOOL%8PLGLWjHGHJUDGRQHJOLHGL¿FL'LDJQRVLH rimedi(G.DSSD5RPD

)HLIIHU&Il progetto di conservazione(G)UDQFR$QJHOL0LODQR

*HOVRPLQR / Recupero edilizio 6. Umidità, tecniche e prodotti per il risanamento(G$OLQHD)LUHQ]H

/DPDQQD/)%HOOLFLQL$L’umidità nelle murature. Analisi, tecniche e materiali per il risanamento(G&DURFFL5RPD

0DVVDUL(Tecniche di misura e diagnosi per il risanamento e la difesa dall’umidità, LQ³5HFXSHUR(GLOL]LR´Q(G&HQWUR6WXGL2LNRV%RORJQD 

0RQDFR/0H6DQWDPDULD$Indagini prove e monitoraggio nel restauro GHJOLHGL¿FLVWRULFL(G6FLHQWL¿FKH,WDOLDQH1DSROL

0XQGXOD,7XEL18PLGLWjHULVDQDPHQWRQHJOLHGL¿FLLQPXUDWXUD(G 0DJJLROL5LPLQL

0XVVR65HFXSHURHUHVWDXURGHJOLHGL¿FLVWRULFLJXLGDSUDWLFDDOULOLHYR e alla diagnostica(G(3&/LEUL5RPD

5RFFKL33LFFLULOOL&Manuale della diagnostica(G.DSSD5RPD

5XJJHURQH ( Diagnostica strutturale (G 'DULR )ODFFRYLR 3DOHUPR 

6DOHPL$Il recupero e la conservazione delle fabbriche tradizionali. Le patologie da umidità(G*DQJHPL5RPD

201 202 Ringraziamenti

Si ringraziano:

&RPXQHGL/RPHOOR3DROD=XOD%UXJLQ DUFKLWHWWRFRQVXOHQWH XI¿FLR WHFQLFR  6DEULQD 0DU]ROD IXQ]LRQDULR  *LXVHSSH 3DVWRULQL FRQVLJOLHUH HLVLJQRUL*LXOLDQR*LXOLDQL1LYHV5RQGD H5REHUWR%HUWDVVL

%DVLOLFDGL6DQWD0DULD0DJJLRUH'RQ3LHUDQJHOR*DUDYDJOLD SDUURFR $QWRQHOOD3DOPLHUL DUFKLWHWWR HODVLJQRUD7HUHVD'H &DUOLQL

*HURQWRFRPLR /RPHOOLQR (UPLQLR )DFFKLQR H[ FRQVLJOLHUH &G$ (OHQD&DVRQL VHJUHWDULD 

0DULQD 'H 0DUFKL 3DROD 6WUDGD )ODYLR $UQq *LDQIUDQFR 0DJHQWD *HPPD 7RUULDQL FKH VL VRQR UHVL GLVSRQLELOL SHU OH DWWLYLWjGLULFHUFD

(GLQ¿QHVLULQJUD]LDSHUODORURFROODERUD]LRQHLFROOHJKLGHO 3ROLWHFQLFR GL 0LODQR 6HUJLR %RLGL $OEHUWD &D]]DQL 0DXUR &HFRQHOOR6WHIDQR&RORUX'DYLGH*XORWWD)DELR0DUROGL/ROD 2WWROLQL9LQFHQ]R3HWULQL5DIIDHOOD6LPRQHOOL'DYLGH6SDOOD]]R /XFLD7RQLROR

203