International Waterlily and Water Gardening Society

a 561‘ Wall (fem/m/

Fall 2004 19 Number 3 VMolume

Page 2 The Water Garden Journal Vol. 19, No. 3

In This Issue President’s Comments

Page 2 President’s Comments Our sincere thanks go out once more to the Ontan'o Water Garden Society who did such a magm'ficent job with our by Wayne Davis, Jr. 20th Annual Symposium. There were many folks who also made the Symposium successful: speakers; location hosts; Page 3 Executive Director companies who donated products for the Special Auction Comments (see 19:2 for list); attendees who donated srl'ent auction by Paula Biles items; sponsors; and countless volunteers.

Symposium Sponsors: Page 3 IWGS Committee Chairs All Weather Famu'ng - Symposium scholarships Bergen Water Gardens & Nursery — Symposium scholarships Page 4 The Grower’s Corner J1m' Thiele - commemorative plates lunch plus wine for by John Loggins Nelson Water Gardens - Post Symposium Niagara dinner Ontario Water Garden Society - Post Symposium barbecue Page 5 Red Waterlilies of Claude Pondkeeper Magazine - wine for banquet Monet—Their Origin and Plantabbs Products -- tote bags Their Avenue to Giverny Sera Aquaristlk' Canada - bags, pads, and pens

by Maud Wallsten, PhD Agam', we thank Steve Stroup for the outstandm'g job on Jan Thorson, MD, PhD our auction which raised $9377. These funds wrll' go for Gun Werlemark, PhD grants in applied aquatic research. Unfortunately, due to an m'creased work load at the university, Dr. Don Padgett Page 10 Affiliate Societies resigned his position as chairman'. Don has done a fine job over the past several years and we are sorry to lose him Page 11 News and Notes We hope to announce his successor very shortly sm'ce tlu's program must be imp'lemented as soon as possible. Page 11 Round Robin, Canadian Style The New Waterlrl'y Competition Committee did an outstanding job under the leadership of Rich Sacher. The by Susan Davis new guidelines for tlu's competition worked very well and we expect more 1n‘terest and participation in the years Page 12 Water Garden Tour ahead. Registration of nymphacea and nelurnbo is now in' by Suzan Phillips place and forms can be obtam'ed at our website. Ch'ck ‘Activities’ to find Instructions on how to proceed. Page 12 New Waterlily Competition 2004 Again we need to stress the nn'portance of your participation with one of our committees. There is by Rich Sacher considerable work to be done as our orgamza'tion grows and we need your help and expertise to reach our goals. Page 13 Comnu'ttee Reports Along these same lines, we need all of our members to actively recruit new members and pond societies. Page 14 Misidentified Waterlilies In conclusion, I am pleased to advise all who attended the by John Wyman symposium and ms many friends in IWGS that Norman Bennett returned safely to his home In England. According Page 15 Helen Shaw Fowler to his daughter Anne, he is recovering ru'cely. Please contm'ue to keep him in your prayers. Page 16 Society Information Happy Pondering—W. Wayne Davis, Jr., President Vol. 19, No. 3 The Water Garden Journal Page 3

Executive Director’s Comments IWGS Comnn'ttee Chairs Audit The 2004 Symposium attracted a smaller crowd New Waterh’ly than usual, a situation that made networking easy, Wayne Davis Competition especially with the mentors who made sure Rich Sacher Constitution] everyone knew everyone else. We asked Bylaws registrants how long they’d been water gardening Nominating Rowena Burns and the average was about 18 years per person. So Brad McLane it’s no surprise that “networking” and “learning Executive Public Relations more” continue to be the Symposium’s favorite Wayne Davis Rosanne Conrad aspects. Attendees want to keep expanding their knowledge about growing, displaying, and/or Fundraising Registration selling aquatics. Talking with a wide variety of Jim Purcell Advisory folks from around the world is still the best way to Wayne Davis compare notes about new techniques and favorite Honors & aquatic to try. Awards Research & Tom Tilley The opportunity to get good photographs was a Scholarships (available) Symposium highlight for many, especially of new Int’l Waterlil'y and/or accurately named waterlilies. This year it Preservation Special Projects] seemed that digital cameras were in the majority, Ken Landon with people immediately showing thelr' images on Auction Tish Folsom the bus and after hours in the lounge. If you have Invasive Species some images to share of aquatic plants and/or Barre Hellquist Symposium & people, please send or email them to the office. Programming We are building a library of images that can be Journal/ Susan Davis shared online and used for education and Editorial Board publicity. James Allison Trials and Collections One unexpected but exciting aspect of the Library Bob Burns Symposium was a look at new generations of Walter Pagels water gardeners. Ages spanned from a little baby Victoria to a few in their 80’s, and all generations in Membership between. The gaggle of teens and pre-teens had a Cathy Green Conservancy wonderful time hanging out together and Nancy Styler obviously had lots of fun. Although they didn’t Website expect it, their family vacations turned out to be Wayne Davis “way cool.” We also benefited by having some younger presenters with new perspectives and unique hands on experience. Editor’s Note: We encourage you to become Several attendees expressed interest in lending a involved with IWGS activities. It’s a great way hand next July in Bethlehem, PA for the 2005 to learn, network, and help the Society. Symposium. Don’t worry; there will be a place on To join a committee contact the Chairperson the registration form where you can volunteer. shown above using your 2003/2004 The Tilley’s will be delighted to put you to work Membership Directory or contact the Executive when you arrive. Thanks in advance. Director, who is an ex-oflicial member of all committees, as is the President. For more on Paula Biles our committees see pageIO. Page 4 The Water Garden Journal Vol. 19, No.3

The Grower’s Corner

by John Loggins

Tropical Water Lily Propagation

According to the calendar it is almost fall and that the tuber to produce several plants that will form means several things. Most importantly football their own tuber by fall. In the cool months these season has finally started. With about three more extra bulbs are taken out and the old 5011' (what is weeks of summer in south Texas, it is time to wrap left after harvest or root expansion) is dumped. The up planting of hardy water lilies and begin the pots and ponds are then cleaned. A tablespoon of tedious task of tropical water lily propagation. slow release fertilizer is deposited at the bottom of each pot and then they are refilled with sandy loam This is a chore that I would prefer to start after a (common in this area). A /41” of washed concrete few freezes have taken care of most of the foliage sand is added on top of the soil. Once the pots are but with various interruptions along the way and the situated in rows in the liner ponds, they are planted quick onset of spring I usually do not have this with the washed tubers. Two bulbs in every pot, a luxury. chicken in every pocket.

All of our tropical water lilies are grown in cold After several years of this process, it is not unusual frames for an earlier spring start. They are in rubber to have several thousand more tubers than there are lined ponds that are 15 inches deep. These plants pots to them in, nor is it uncommon to have are harvested and sold bare root. We use two less brain cells from all of the monotony. These different versions of the extra bulbs are densely planted no-hole one-gallon pots. in sand (as dense as relatives A shorter and broader “After several years of this on a lotto winner) and stored 8” x 5” mum pan is outside. Some of these w11'1 be used for night bloomers process, it is not unusual to util'ized later if the nutn'a (a and larger varieties that southern version of the get rootbound quickly. have several thousand muskrat) decide to have their' These containers are annual buffet party. easier to harvest from more tubers than there are and provide a little With a few other projects more space for pots to plant them in ...” going at the same time, separating and tropical water lily propagation replantin'g tiny plants is normally finished by from the tubers. Some cultivars require this physical Christmas. The plastic is pulled back over the cold separation in late spring through mid-summer for frames and the milk and cookies are set out for good tuber production. The lean 6 /2"’ x 6 /‘2” pots Santa. take up less space and are about a nickel cheaper, so these are used whenever possible. Tropicals planted Editor’s Note: This is the first in a regular series of in these containers benefit from the extra height practical tips and hints from a professional. because they are closer to the surface where the working aquatic plant grower. John Loggins has water is warmer. over 15 years experience growing aquatic plants commercially. He and his Wife, Andrea, are the During April we harvest the mature plants. These owners of Lone Star Aquatic Nursery in College are removed from the containers and the bulbs are Station, Texas (979-779-6600), and co~0wners of separated and replanted. This normally stimulates Hill Country Water Gardens in Cedar Park, Texas. Vol. 19, No. 3 The Water Garden Journal Page 5

The Red Waterlilies of Claude Monet—Their Origin and Then Avenue to Givemy

by

Maud Wallsten, PhD Jan Thorson, MD, PhD Gun Werlemark, PhD

Those virgin lilies all the night Bathing their beauties in the lake That they may rise morefresh and bright When their beloved sun ’3 awake

(in “Lallah Rookh, ” 1817, by Thomas Moore, I 779-1852; quotationfrom “The Garden 1883, v 23, p 334)

Introduction

All over the world Claude Monet’s paintings of waterlilies have impressed art enthusiasts as well as those devoted to gardening (Heinrich 1994). Monet’s paintings can be seen in the museums Marmottant and “Orangerie” in Paris and in his home, which nowadays is a museum. This and the garden, the place of his waterlily motives, are located at Givemy, not too far from Paris. The water garden where waterlilies were grown was originally set up in 1893 (Russelll 1995, 1998). The Givemy garden was rebuilt between 1976 and 1980 after having been overgrown for decades after Monet’s death in 1926, in part due to neglect during World War H.

Taxonomy

Waterlilies (genus ) belong to the Linnean family of water plants called . They are characterized by root stocks and rhizome roots, floating leaves and flowers. The flowers are regarded as very beautiful — white, yellow, red and blue and some of them have exquisite forms. Within the family there are a few other genera, e.g. the Victoria genus—after the late queen of England. Joseph Bory Latour- Marliac, 1893; Nymphaeaceae have other branches, e.g. among the The Latour-Marliac Garden, Temple-sur Lot northern water lilies the Nymphae and the Nuphar, and within branches there are varieties, e.g. the Nymphaea alba and Nymphae candida, both of them Nymphae alba according to Linne’ in the eighteenth century (Lindman 1922) and both of them with var. rosea, however, not described by Linne’. Page 6 The Water Garden Journal Vol. 19, No. 3

Origin

Tropical waterlilies were not easily grown as far north as Paris or Givemy. Special ponds or basins to prevent them from the cold and perhaps other destructive influences caused by the fairly northern climate were necessary (Latour—Marliac 1893; Russelll 1995). To have the tropical beauty of southern waterlilies blossoming in in spite of these circumstances the botanist Joseph Bory Latour-Marliac (Fig I) tried to cross culture beautiful tropical waterlilies with northern, i.e. hardy, ones. He stated that in 1879 he commenced the work in earnest and that he had received a hybrid with deep red flowers. However, it was hopelessly barren (ibid 1893). Some experts seriously questioned Latour-Marliacs statement, i.e. because of genetical incompatibility (Russelll 1995, 1998; Fell 1994; Heritage 1996; Farmer 2000). Instead, another idea was presented: the origin of Monet’s red waterlilies was probably to be found in Scandinavia, most likely in (Fell 1994). We have tried to confirm this assumption. We found a short paper, which was of considerable interest as a beginning; it was published almost 150 years ago (Lo"nnroth 1856) (Fig 2).

During the summer of 1856, a student of theology, Bernhard Agaton Kjellmark got to know of red waterlilies of great beauty blossorru'ng in a small lake, Lake Fagertam", located in the forest of Tiveden, situated in the south of Sweden, west of and near to the large lake Va"ttem. Kjellmark brought the attention of the botanist Lo“nnroth to the existence of red waterlilies m' Lake Fagertarn", and the finding was published during the autumn of the same year (ibid 1856). According to Fries E (1858), Fries Th, M (1879), Hellquist (1903—1906) and Lilljebjo"m (1953) the name of the lake, “Fagertam””, is explained by the presence of the beautiful red waterlilies. The prefix “Fager” = beautiful and “tarn"” = a small lake in a forest. L. Fagertam" was found on maps from the eighteenth century, the oldest one was drawn in 1718, the second oldest in 1744. But it was not found on the r/rl’. all: [I cor/a... oldest map we know of, the “Toring” map loo-Jo. m...... ,..(,..‘ I,” z... I..,,. from 1688 (Nilsson 2003, Torensjo" and ./._- 4," a (u [4— J’f’qo“ .l.',.-/.i Wiking 2003). Linné described white and ~J/.-.'- lam... ’01.. h yellow waterlilies, but not the red ones (cf Ar", Linne’ 1753). Presuming that the red waterlilies appeared for the first time not later than around 1700 one can question Kjellmark’s on'ginal red waterlilies from 1856,- why Linne’ did not document them. the museum of botanics, Uppsala; photo by Wallsten 2003

Vol. 19, No.3 The Water Garden Journal Page 7

Genetics

As far as we know, DNA-analyses comparing white and red waterlilies had not been performed, so we decided to do such a study. Using the RAPD method (Welsh & McLellands 1990) we, in affiliation with Werlemark (2002), compared DNA—profiles from red and white waterlilies growing in or at least emanating from L. Fagertam". The result was striking: The DNA profiles for N. alba and N. alba var. rosea were very similar; in two flowers, one white and one red even identical (Fig 3). This observation supports the hypothesis of a mutation of the red variety originating from the white one—if the white is the older type, which we assume. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

RAPD bands produced by primer OPD-Ol, from left to fight: lane 1 and 2: red waterlily from L. Fagertam", N. alba var. rosea, lane 3: red waterlily from L. Fagertam", N. candida var. rosea, lane 4-6: white waterlily from L. Fagertarn". N. alba, and lane 7-9: red waterlily from a pond at Aspa, N alba var. rosea. Arrows indicate polymorphic bands between N. alba var. rosea and N. candida

Secondly, we found the DNA profile of the red N. candida which is an inhabitant of L. Fagertam" as well, clearly deviating from the alba specimens (Werlemark 2000, Wallsten & Werlemark 2002, Werlemark 2002).

Maybe the above development of a red waterlily or more precisely two varieties, both of them obviously hardy, was one part of the story of the origin of Monet’s red waterlilies. Supplementary information was found: A hardy, red waterlily, N. spherocarpa, was sold by professor Robert Caspary of Ko"nigsberg. nowadays Kaliningrad : “...das Stuck 2 Thalem an”, and probably Latour-Marliac bought N. spherocarpa from Caspary who had produced and published them several years before (Caspary 1871). In any event, Latour-Marliac had Page 8 The Water Garden Journal Vol. 19, No. 3

found N. spherocarpa difficult to cross or grow, and that, tuming to easier pink varieties of Nymphaea he had stopped his culturing of them because of odorata from North America instead. The success with those stimulated him, however, to Sweden were characterized by “spheric fruits”. This renew his experiments with N. spherocarpa—and seems to be the rationale for the understanding that now he succeeded. Nowadays well-known he had received N. alba var. rosea. The N. candida crossings, i.e. N. ‘Robinsom", N. ‘Laydeckeri fruit is said to be more elongated (Lindman 1922). Rosea’, N. ‘Seignoureti’ and N. ‘Marliacae Consequently, we find it most probable that Punctata’ resulted from his work with N. Caspary and Latour-Marliac as well used N. alba spherocarpa as one of the cross-culture parents var. rosea when it came to culturing red, hardy (Latour-Marliac 1893). waterlilies. These plants were thus potential candidates for Monet’s Givemy water garden. N. spherocarpa or more precisely N. spherocarpa var. rosea, was the same flower as N. caspary, the Connection between Latour-Marliac and Monet former name created by professor Robert Caspary himself. This waterlily was red, and it originated Latour-Marliac was a businessman, a well-known from L. Fagertam". Caspary had received specimens botanist and a successful plant exhibitor in Paris in from botanist colleagues in Sweden already in 1889. It can be assumed that he had commercial 1863, and he cultivated and sold them. The name of contacts with Claude Monet when the latter “spherocarpa” is literally “spheric fruit”, and this designed and ran his water garden at Giverny fact might be of significance for the understanding (Russelll 1995, 1998). We also presume that both of of its origin. There were two types of red waterlilies them were interested in red waterh‘lies. The ambition of Latour-Marliac was documented in “The Garden”, e.g. in 1893, and whether Monet’s lFig4 I interest m’ red waterlilies was awakened by his knowing of tropical red ones or if Latour-Marliac or anyone else might have stnn'ulated him, we do not know. But we know of his red waterlily paintings, and the flowers in the pam'tings were growm'g at Giverny, so they were hardy.

gag/4‘— ' J V, -.—~' 4.7.4/“~.———-—’ / Maw-s {It 70' I 132 n: A" . 1. “JG 1' ’jlf". W ~‘ri'n r / W l' 1 Q-w‘ .: )r' _ _ -.‘ 44y “Ln—"4%mrw :firmfi~41 :n-‘__ _ f- {7' — in)”: ‘ "‘9'?"v ,14'” " A— r79 Won-9 W w‘fi.‘ -'- ~ 4%.-A ’_" f7, '

One of us, Wallsten, examined the letter archive of Latour—Marliac at Temple sur Lot to try to document any contacts between Latour-Marliac and Monet. The archive was well organized and the letters well preserved. One of the documents was of crucial value—a list of plants, “liste des plants”. for “Liste des plantes Mai 15, 1894” (shortened, arrow at Monet, written on May 15 in 1894 (Fig 4). N. ‘Laydeckeri’); The Latour-Marliac Garden, that were sent to Temple-sur-Lot Obviously it concerned plants Monet by train. The railway station of Vernon is in L. Fagerta"rn, N. alba var. rosea and N. candida mentioned. In the list, there were several plant var. rosea (Semander 1894). Caspary obviously names, one of which was N ‘lxiydcckeri Rosca'. i.e. from found that those waterlilies which he got one of the red waterlilies that Latour-Marliac had Vol. 19, No. 3 The Water Garden Journal Page 9 succeeded to create with N. spherocarpa as one of called them “spherocarpa”—and started to grow the parents. Indices thus speak in favor of the and sell them. Probably the waterlily botanist assumption that Monet had red waterlilies growing Joseph Bory Latour-Marliac bought N. spherocarpa in his Givemy garden thanks to a mutated, red N. from Caspary. In any event, he grew them, and he alba, its var. rosea, from Lake Fagerta”m in Sweden. stated that he used them for crossings as well. Furthermore, he sold offsets to Claude Monet, at A supplementary question should be put. Did least once delivering them to the railway station of Monet just grow the original N. alba var. rosea? Vernon according to “a liste des plantes” from May The answer should be “no” according to the 15 in 1894 written by Latour-Marliac for Monet. following personal communication from the Latour- So, red northern waterlilies, mutated from N. alba, Marliac Garden. Latour-Marliac himself never were most probably the ancestors of Monet’s red knowingly sold N. alba var. rosea although he may waterlilies at Giverny. Their' avenue was finally the have given it to a special friend from time to time. railway to Vernon, at least at one occasion. He kept it only to use as a parent plant in his hybridizing work. This is clear in his old notes on References hybridizing. After his death, the Laydecker family and their' descendents sold it as N. ‘Spectabilis ’ and Caspary, R. Nymphae alba L. var. sphaerocarpa Casp. subvar. rubra ka"uflich. Botanische Zeitung, 1871, 874-5 variants of N. ‘Spectabilis’, because they had kept Conard, H. S. The Waterlilies; a monograph of the genus it under that “code name” (Davies 2003). Nymphaea. The Camegie Institute of Washington. 1905; facsimile edition 1991 Summary Davies, R. Personal communication. The Latour-Marh'ac Institute. Temple-sur- Lot, 2003 All over the world people enjoy the paintings of red Farmer, C. Personal communication. The Latour—Marliac waterlilies by Claude Monet. He painted the Institute, Temple-sur-Lot, 2000 waterlilies floating on the water of the ponds of his Fell, D. The Impressionist Garden. Frances Lincoln ltd, garden at Giverny in France. Tropical red 1994 Fries, E. Letter to the waterlilies were not successfully grown in northern “Botanische Zeitung”, 1858, p. 73; cit from Conard, 1905 France for climatic reasons. So Monet grew hardier Fries, Th. Den svenska ro"da na"ckrosen /The Swedish red types—probably at first crossings with the Swedish waterlilyl. Svenska tra"dgar°dsfo"reningens tidskrift, 6:e Nymphae alba var. rosea and maybe the less usual ha"ftet, 1879 Nymphae candida var. rosea. If so, what were the Hellquist, E. Studier 0"ver de svenska sjo"namnen/Studies on origins of them, and which avenue took them to the names of Swedish lakes]. Nordstedts. Stockholm. 1903- Giverny? 1906 Heinrich, C. Claude Monet 1840-1926. Benedlk't Taschen, Koln, 1994 A DNA analysis was performed according to the Hen'tage, B. Nymphaea ’Escarboucle’. The Garden, July RAPD method of red and white waterlilies from the 1996, 441 Swedish lake, L. Fagertam", where northern red Latour-Marliac, J. B. The new hardy waterlilies. The waterlilies originally were found. The DNA pattern Garden, 1893, 44, 582—4 of the red waterlilies were very similar to those of L1l'ljebjo"rn, S. Ortnamnen i Askersunds socken/The the white ones. Our conclusion is, that the theory geographical names in the community of Askersundl. dialectology, saying that N. alba var. rosea is mutated from N. Examination report. The institute for onomatics and folklore research. Uppsala, Sweden, 1953 alba was supported by the findings. However, one Lindman, C. M. Bilder ur Nordens Flora/Pictures from the of the red ones showed deviating DNA pattern a Nordic Floral, 1; 143-4. Isaac Marcus’ Pn'nting Office, compared with the other red waterlilies. This DNA Stockholm, 1922 emanated from a red N. candida, a more rare Linné, C. , 1753 variety on the latitude of L. Fagertarn". Lo"nnroth, K. En ro"d Neckros. Botaniska notiscr, 1856; 124-5 The N. alba var. rosea became widely known from Nilsson, L. Personal communication. The institute for 1856 when Lo"nnroth published Kjellmark’s finding dialectolgy, onomatics and folk lore research. Uppsala. Sweden, 2003 of red waterlilies the same year. They became still Russell, V. Monet‘s Garden. Through the Seasons at Caspary of more known after 1863 when professor Givemy. Frances Lincoln ltd, 1995 Ko"nigsberg received Swedish red waterlilies—he lbid: Monet’s Waterlilies. Frances Lincoln ltd, 1998 Page 10 The Water Garden Journal Vol. 19, No. 3

Secnander, R. Om vira rb'da na"ckrosor. Botaniska notiser 1894; 85-8 (Citation from Conard) Affiliate Societies Torensjo", A. & Wiking, G. Personal communication. The national land survey of Sweden. Ga"vle, Sweden, 2003 The Genesee Valley Wels'h, J. & McClellands, M. Fingerprinting genomes Pond and Koi Club using PCR with arbitrary pn’mers. Nucleic Acid Research, 1990;18,7213-8 This Rochester, New York, USA—based Club is Williams, JGK et al: DNA polymorphism amplified by made up of people who are interested in” arbitrary pn'mers as genetic markers. Nucleic Acid Research successfully keeping Koi and water gardens. At 1990; 18:, 6531-5 their monthly meetings, guest speakers frequently Acknowledgments share information pertinent to our hobby through lectures, slide shows and demonstrations, followed Walter Pagels, librarian with the Intemational Waterlily by question and answer periods. Members have and Water Gardening Society, gave us priceless advice access to an extensive library of periodicals, books, and support by mail, e-mail and at one of his visits in videos, and, most importantly, people who possess Sweden. incredibly helpful information. Ray and Barbara Davies, owners of the Latour-Marliac Purpose of the Club Garden, made it possible to study important details “on the spot”. 0 To promote and appreciate the hobby Rev. Charles Overton with the Latour-Marliac Garden of koi keeping. informed us generously on sources for further studies. 0 To promote and appreciate the hobby Gilbert Vahé, head gardener, was our hospitable host at of water gardening. Giverny. 0 To disserm'nate m'formation about koi Gilbert Vahé, head gardener, was our hospitable host at and water gardening. Giverny. 0 To socialize and have fun. Ann-Christin Lindgren, MD and geneticist, supported the idea ofa DNA analysis of red waterlilies. This Club meets in a very friendly atmosphere at Anna-Kajsa Persson, head of the department of culture, 7:00 pm, the first Friday of every month at the the city of Askersund, was helpful as to geographical Rochester Civic Garden Center (the Castle), 5 details. Castle Park, off Reservoir Ave., in Highland Park, The city of Askersund, the home community of New York. Parking is free. Anyone interested in Nymphaea alba var. rosea, supported the study water gardening and/or koi is welcome to come to a economically. meeting.

For more information contact: with the Department of Maud Wallsten, PhD is Larry Hursh 716/473-6276 Limnology, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, www.ggw.org/gvpake Sweden Editor’s Note: This Club’s website has a great Jan Thorson, MD, PhD is with the Heidenstam Pond Tour page with photos of many interesting Society, Motala, Sweden ponds, plus a Photo Gallery page which features Gun Werlemark, PhD is with the Department of water gardens, photo contest winners, plus lilies Crop Science, Swedish Life Science University, and koi. Their Calendar of Events page lists the Kristainstad, Sweden IWGS Symposium as well. This column needs a writer. Most of the work can be done over the Internet. Any volunteers ?

Vol. 19, No. 3 The Water Garden Journal Page 11

News and Notes Round Robin, Canadian Style

Aquatic Plant Selections for 2005 by Susan Davis

The IWGS is one of several organizations Several years ago the IWGS Symposium visited sponsoring National Water Gardening Month Valley View Farms nursery in Maryland. At that (NWGM), which is held each July in the States and time, Punkey Ford put together a memorable event parts of Canada. It is hoped that this event will we have since fondly referred to as the Round serve as a model for other countries, to encourage Robin. This year we used the concept again at support of aquatic plants and water gardening. The Burns Water Gardens. The focus: 6 stations were Society chooses several Aquatic Plant Selections set up for live plant demonstrations. The idea: each year, which are promoted in conjunction with participants split into 6 groups, each group visited this event. each station for approximately 20 minutes until the gong sounded, at which time the groups moved The plants for 2005 were chosen based on then' onto the next station. The demonstrators and their' outstanding appearance and reliable performance, areas of expertise: over a wide variety of zones and conditions. They are also readily available in most water garden Matt Johnson—growm'g Victorias from centers and are proven pond performers. All three seed will be featured on the 2005 NWGM poster to be Heinjo Lahring—propagating marginals available next year. The hardy waterlily is Michael Plu'llips—hybridiz'ing tropical Nymphaea ‘Pink Sensation’, the tropical is N. ‘Star lilies of Siam’, and the marginal is Sagittaria Jim Purcell—propagating and growing montevidensis (Aztec arrowhead). lotus Research Grants Larry See—dividing hardy lilies Mike Swize—propagating margm'als Thanks to the generosity of several businesses, the Symposium’s Special Auction raised $9377. It is The prognosis: everyone had a smashm'g time of it. entirely dedicated to applied aquatic research and We were rerm'nded there is ALWAYS somethm’g to will be awarded by January 31, 2005. Details can be learn from others. . .AND. . .what fun we can have m' found on our website or from the office. the process. It was networking at its finest. The Applications will be due by December 15, 2004. round robin received rave reviews m' the ’04 Please pass this announcement on to any academic symposium survey. Some tidbits we learned: use or other establishments local to you where aquatic warm water when bare-rooting plants, set up your plant work is carried out. potting table so that it tilts away from you (who’d a thunk it?); use colored surveyor’s tape to label new 2005 Hampton Court Flower Show Cruise hybrids; to encourage tuber production stop fertilizing lotus about 2 months before the end of Enclosed is an from VanGuard updated brochure the season; wear warm clothes when you go skiing Tours & Cruises. It explains the details for in the Canadian Rockies (thanks, Larry); and many members and others we refer to this exceptional 13— more. day/lZ-night tour. The brochure outlines what is included on the July 5-17 trip, plus the itinerary and The future?: You bet we’ll do it again. In ’05 we optional upgrades. While traveling from London to will find ourselves in the USA at Tilley’s Nursery NYC aboard the Queen Mary 2, it even includes in Pennsylvania, at yet another memorable round horticultural seminars at sea. For every cabin sold, robin, only with a new twist. Can you say ‘skid the IWGS will receive a contribution. For our loader’? Can you spell ‘rodeo’? European members planning to attend the July Symposium, the timing is ideal. Visit Tune in to the next Journal to find out the theme www.cruisevanguard.com or call 800-624-7718 for players and what we’ll be learning from them. more information. Page 12 The Water Garden Journal Vol. 19, No. 3

Water Gardens on Tour New Waterlil'y Competition 2005 by Suzan Phillips by Rich Sacher McKee Botanical Garden It is time to think about the New Waterlll'y The McKee Botanical Garden in Vero Beach, Competition for next year. If you have a new and Florida was first opened in 1932 by local remarkable waterlily which you have hybridized (or entrepreneur Waldo Sexton and Arthur McKee, an a seedling or sport that showed up in your pond) important steel magnate from Cleveland. They had you should divide it until you have about ten bought the land for growing citrus, but when they identical plants and send one of them to the New realized the property contained a beautiful Florida Waterlll'y Competition next year. Your new Hammock, they decided to turn it into a garden. waterlily should be different enough from They h1r'ed William Lyman Phillips of the other known waterlilies that it is a marked prestigious Frederick Olmsted Firm' to design therr' improvement on those already in the trade. For garden and Mr. McKee, an avid gardener, sent plant example, a waterlily whose flower has multiple explorers around the worked to bring back unusual colors, or which opens for five days instead of the plants to grow among the native jungle species. usual three, or a flower which has a very unique This unique setting and the large water lily and size or shape, or a large number of petals—any of orchid collection helped the garden to become the these traits would make it suitable to enter in the third most popular attraction in the state of Florida New Waterlily Competition. Likewise, leaves for many years. which are remarkable for their' color, shape or other traits are also reasons to show off your new plant at In 1941 Sexton designed and had built The Hall of the competition. Giants, an unusual structure made of Florida Liter Pm'e, to house the longest table in the world, one Tropical waterlilies are grown out for judging by solid piece of mahogany 35 feet long which added Nelson Water Gardens; hardy waterlilies are to the treasures of the garden. grown at Green and Hagstrom Nursery. Digital photos are taken at these nurseries and the images After bem'g closed sm'ce the late 1970’s and most of judged by a panel of experts. The winners are the 80+ acres sold for development, a new garden announced at the IWGS symposium, where awards has come to life on the remaining 18 acres thanks to are given for the best new tropical lily, the best new the perseverance and hard work local citizens who hardy waterlily, and the best new lily of the year. recognized its worth. Now on the National Other awards may alsobe given for the best new Register of His'toric Places, it houses a large water dwarf waterlily, tropical or hardy, and for the best lily collection (including Victoria Amazonica) in new night blooming waterlily—if any are entered in numerous streams and ponds, a wonderful watery these categories. We really need more dwarf maze, and a unique Bamboo Pavilion. entries...so if you have a candidate in that category, Hours we would all love to see it. Tuesday through Saturday—10am to 5pm Please do NOT send in your plant if it is the only Sunday—12 noon to 5pm one you have! Ideally, you should have ten identical plants before you part with one of them for the McKee Botam'cal Garden competition. If it wins first place, everyone will 350 US Hwy 1, want one...and you will need to have stock to Vero Beach, Florida 32962 propagate from if you want to see your waterlily 772/794-0601 www.mckeegarden.org become available in the trade. We also need a volunteer to serve as Editor's Note: Although damaged by recent the chairp'erson for the new lily committee. hurricanes, the waterlilies are still blooming and coordinating communications between the entrants. McKee has re-opened . We hope to visit during the Nelson Water Gardens, and Green & 2006 Symposium. Hagstrom. Contact Paula Biles to volunteer at [email protected]. Vol. 19, No. 3 The Water Garden Journal Page 13

Committee Reports

Membership Entries must be post marked by Jan 30 2005 Winners wrl'l be notified by April 11, 2005 by Cathy Green Newsletters will be judged on four different The IWGS will host a newsletter categories. They are: fundamental elements, competition/cn'tique to honor pond society and recommended topics, editorial quality and design water garden club newsletters. Newsletters play an and delivery. Each entry will receive a written important role in communicating news and critique from the judges infomn'ng them of areas of information between pond society members. They excellence and topics to nn'prove. This feedback is help members and nonmembers develop an interest designed to help participatm'g clubs. By utll'izing the in pond society and water garden clubs’ goals. judges’ expertise they can improve the content and format of future newsletters. By combining creativity, individuality, and

r . A.._. dedication, the competition v q..- Fundamental Elements—— winners will distinguish frequency, title, logo, rm'ssion themselves in service to statement, contact information their' members. The award- publication date, officers winning newsletters will contact information. illustrate the importance of the skills and talents of Recommended Topics— hard-working club membership news, president’s members. or board’s message, activities, editor’s report, feature articles, The volunteer editors, employment, book reviews, writers, and other networking, educational contributors to these opportunities, meeting details publications deserve much and dlr'ections. praise for their’ time, energy, Editorial Quality—usage, and perseverance in style, craftsmanship, and publishing a quality product originality of the newsletter. on a regular schedule.

The rules for the Design and Delivery-— professionalism, page design, competition are on the IWGS web site. All local art quality and Pond Society Groups and appropriateness, typography, Water Garden Clubs are and production. eligible to enter. Three If the winning editor is an IWGS member Two winners will be chosen. copies of a single issue they will also receive this beautiful wlu‘te Winners will each receive a year of Feb 04 - from the waterlily oil painting. free symposium registration Jan 05 are submitted. There for one of their club members is no entry fee. to the 2005 IWGS Symposium Mail entries and contact information to: in Pennsylvania July 20, 2005. The winning editors will also be invited to judge next year’s The Intemational Waterlily competition/critique. If the winning editor’s clubs and Water Gardening Society are an IWGS member they will also receive a 6828 26th St W., Bradenton, FL 34207 USA beautiful oil painting. Page 14 The Water Garden Journal Vol. 19, No. 3

Misidentified Waterlilies

by John K. Wyman

Provenance . . . So what's your next move? You are Another step would be to check out any "certified told that this ‘Mrs. George C. Hitchcock’ night waterlily collections" and determine if your plant bloomer is not what it seems. You bought this plant looked like anything in the collection. San Angelo’s from the retailer this way . . . he told you what it Intemational Water Lily Collection or New York was . . . and now you are finding out by specialists Botanical Garden might be examples. If there are in the industry that you don’t really have this plant. herbariums near by you could check out those It looks like a duck . . . acts like a duck . . . quacks collections to determine if your lily was there as like a duck . . . but then you are told by one expert well. If this did not work, you could then call some that it is not a duck! What do you do now? Who do authorities or ask the mailinglist@victoria- you to beh'eve? adventure.org if there were a number of experts willing to step forward to review the pictures and One answer today would be to perform the information you have provided, and tell you if they following steps: could identify the lily. You could call them, explain your predicament, and ask if they would assist in Take .jpg pictures of the flowers from many identifying your plant that you would send them via angles, a few macros as well, the topside of email. If the majority of the respondents pick one the leaves, the underside of the leaves and name, then you will accept that and move on. If maybe the whole plant and a stem or two if they cannot agree, then you must now call your they looked different. plant an "Unknown Pink Night Bloomer - #1 ". Then you could accurately define each picture and ensure that you descriptions and This is obviously a long and tedious project. pictures are correct. You must count the However, what if a waterlily lover could have number of petals and identify all the other access to an efficient relational data base with characteristics that make this plant unique "Boolean logic" that would accept as input all the from others. characteristics you can find on your plant, and after You could then check out Perry Slocum's inputting some of these known characteristics into "Water Gardening: Water Lilies and the data base, have the logic of the data base tell Lotuses" and other scientific studies of you that it truly is a ‘Mrs. George C. Hitchcock’? It waterlilies as well, to deterrm'ne if your lily would be properly identified because it met 80% of is listed the book. the identifying characteristics for this water plant. This process would be short, efficient, would not tie There are also two data bases to check out: up experts, and would provide a more accurate answer to your question. www.victoria- To my knowledge, we have no adventure.org/waterlilies/names/names_mai such database and formula . . . . yet. n.html to detenm'ne if you can match the Executive Director’s Note: This is a problem that lily characteristics by name and in some the IWGS is working on as you read this article. cases pictures, with anything in this The Registration Advisory Committee has been database building our database at Univ. of Conn. to do what IWGS’s database is George Safford Torrey is outlined as the ideal situation. It uses the Herbarium (UCONN) Registration and internationally accepted plant collection software Checklist of Nymphaeaceae found at BG-BASE to record all aspects of morphology. http://collections2.eeb.uconn.edu/collection portfolios, and images. It makes use of DELTA s/herbarium/reghome.html. (DEscription Language for ) which will eventually enable searches of the database from Both databases are not totally complete, but might simple or advanced descriptions, both visual and provide the answer to your question. textual. Vol. 19, No. 3 The Water Garden Journal Page 15

L. Helen Shaw Fowler Recipient of IWGS Hall of Fame Award, 2004

“Our lfie today is so hurried and so fit” of stress, In 1938 the US Department of Interior purchased and we necessarily live under so much pressure, the gardens for $15,000. After 56 years as a that few of us take time to enjoy the beauties of commercial water garden, WB Shaw Lily Ponds nature and obtain the extremely restful benefits of became a National Park and was renamed getting back to the soil in our own gardens.” Helen Kenilworth Aquatic Gardens. Helen Fowler Fowler (1936) remained as the Garden Director until 1940, when she retir'ed. It was reported that when she died in L. Helen Shaw was born in 1873 and was brought 1957 her ashes were scattered over the ponds. up on the Walter B. Shaw farm. Like her father, she had a great interest in waterlilies. Helen was very The free Park is still in operation, the only National skilled at overseeing the water gardens and by 1911 Park site devoted to the propagation and display of she took over the management. In 1912, Shaw took aquatic plants. As part of the 700-acre Kem'lworth his passion commercial, with the W.B. Shaw Lily Park & Aquatic Gardens, the 14-acre Aquatic Ponds. With Helen’s help, W.B. Shaw Lily Ponds Gardens provides a sanctuary for waterlilies, sold both the waterlily plants and blooms. In a few lotuses, aquatic plants, and countless varieties of years they were the country's largest exporter of cut wildlife, just minutes away from the city. The water flowers. Daily they shipped thousands of 63 Aquatic Gardens were added to the National varieties of handpicked lilies, to large cities as far Historic Register in 1978 and also designated as a west as Chicago. During the season, more than Category H National Capital Landmark. Kenilworth 3,000 flowers were shipped each day. In a season as Aquatic Gardens has an annual tribute to WB Shaw many as half a million blooms were produced and and Helen Fowler at the end of July that celebrates plants were shipped as far away as Thailand. the wonderful legacy they left.

Helen took over the business after her father died at Helen Shaw Fowler would be considered a age 83, in 1921. She was responsible for turning her remarkable person by 21st century standards. What father’s avocation into a successful business. In makes her even more outstanding is all she addition to growing more of the new colorful accomplished in the early 20th century. Helen European and American hybrids, she saw to it that correctly judged the tremendous potential of the new and exotic varieties of waterlilies and lotuses aquatic plant industry, and t1r'eless promoted water were developed. She also made international trips to gardening. The number and variety of plants were find different varieties of Nelumbo and Nymphaea. greatly increased by her hybridization and About a dozen new Nymphaea were hybridized at collecting efforts, many of which are still popular Shaw’s from 1905-1935, including three of Helen’s today. She was intemationally called “The Water creations. N. ‘Rose Arey’ was hybridized in 1914 Lily Lady” and traveled around the world looking and received awards of merit from the NY for new varieties of waterlilies and lotuses to bring Horticultural Society and the RHS. It still is back to the Gardens. considered one of the most beautiful and elegant pink waterlilies. Helen Shaw Fowler was an exceptional woman for many reasons, especially considering the time in Helen was a noted horticulturist in her time, a very which she lived. She made a name for herself as a capable woman, and the first woman in DC licensed noted horticulturist, an astute businessperson, and a to drive a truck. She was in charge of running the waterlily hybridizer, importer, and grower. She was Farm, which was also kept open for the public to the visionary who understood the importance of the view the lilies on Sunday mornings during the water gardens and wetlands area to the Capitol City. height of the season. During the 19205 and 30s, And most of all, Helen Fowler was responsible for visitors numbered as many as 5—6,000 per day. The the US’s only aquatic plant par'k. a green gateway Shaw property was particularly attractive because it that is a lasting legacy to the citizens of DC and the had been left almost entirely in its natural state. entire waterlily community at large. THE WATER GARDEN JOURNAL Volume 19 Number 3

EDITOR FRED MCCORKLE EDITORIAL BOARD JAMES ALLISON EWGS PAULA BILES ROSANNE CONRAD BARRE HELLQUIST WALTER PAGELS BETSY SAKATA Cover Picture:

DISTRIBUTION PAULA BILES Joseph Bory Latour—Marliac, 1893 The Latour-Marliac Garden, Temple-sur Lot The Official Publication of the INTERNATIONAL WATERLILY AND WATER GARDENING SOCIETY

OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY COMING UP IN THE NEXT PRESIDENT WAYNE DAVIS JOURNAL ISSUE VICE PRESIDENT TOM TILLEY TREASURER TISH FOLSOM Preliminary Details on the 2005 Symposium SECRETARY ROBERT BURNS Committee Reports and Business Meeting Minutes EXEC. DIRECTOR PAULA BH.ES Highlights from the 2004 Symposium and more BOARD OF DIRECTORS Rowena Burns, Rosanne Conrad Susan Davis, Cathy Green, Brad McLane, Rolf Nelson, Jim Purcell Stuart Schuck, Charles Thomas

Mission Statement—The International Waterlily & www.1'wgs.org Water Gardening Society (IWGS), is a non—profit organization of multinational membership dedicated to ADMINISTRATIVE ADDRESS and the furtherance of all aspects of water gardens and their SUBSCRIPTION ENQUIRIES associated plants. As an organization we support and International Waterlily promote education, research, and conservation in these and Water Gardening Society areas. 6828 26m 3: w Bradenton, FL 34027, USA

Voice & Fax 941-756-0880 Volume 19, Number 3. The IWGS Water Garden Journal (ISSN [email protected] 1069-5982) is published quarterly by The Intemational Waterlily and Water Gardening Society (The Society), 6828 26'h St W, Bradenton, FL 34027. USA Voice & Fax 941-756-0880, Email [email protected] EDITORIAL ADDRESS All n'ghts reserved. © 2004. Bulk rate postage paid at Bradenton FL, USA and additional mailing offices. Basic subscn'ption/ membership Fred McCorkle rate for one full year is $30. Funher details and back issues are The Water Garden Journal available from the adrru'nistrau've office in FL. All changes of address P. O. Box 7554 and incidents of non-am'val of joumals should be notified to the office in FL. Opinions expressed by authors and any products North Port, FL 34287 USA reviewed are not specifically endorsed by The Society, nor does The Society accept any liability an'sing from the contents of this joumal. 941/423-1836 [email protected]