DOCSLIB.ORG

Copyright by Kristin Shawn Tassin 2014

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Copyright by Kristin Shawn Tassin 2014 Copyright by Kristin Shawn Tassin 2014 The Dissertation Committee for Kristin Shawn Tassin Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Egyptian Nationalism, 1882-1919: Elite Competition, Transnational Networks, Empire, and Independence Committee: Wm. Roger Louis, Supervisor Kamran Asdar Ali Barbara Harlow Clement M. Henry Mary Neuburger Denise A. Spellberg Egyptian Nationalism, 1882-1919: Elite Competition, Transnational Networks, Empire, and Independence by Kristin Shawn Tassin, B.S.F.S., M.S., M.A. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin December 2014 For my mother Acknowledgements In the course of this project, I have been extremely fortunate to have the opportunity to work with a supportive and distinguished dissertation committee. I would like to especially thank my advisor, Roger Louis, who not only put up with many incarnations and drafts of this project, but who has also been more gracious and supportive than I could have hoped for. I would also like to thank the other members of my committee, Clement Henry, Denise Spellberg, Mary Neuburger, Kamran Asdar Ali, and Barbara Harlow for their advice and encouragement. I am also indebted to many professors outside of the University of Texas, who kindly offered assistance and guidance throughout this project. In particular, I would like to thank Amira Sonbol and John Voll of Georgetown University; Julia Clancy-Smith of the University of Arizona; Giancarlo Casale of the University of Minnesota; Selim Deringil and Cengiz Kirli of Boğaziçi University; and Reem Saad, Khaled Fahmy, Zeinab Abul-Megd, Hanan Kholoussy, and Hoda Rashad of the American University in Cairo. The completion of this dissertation relied on support from a number of institutions. I would like to thank the History Department of the University of Texas, the Turkish Studies Program of the University of Texas, the Council of American Overseas Research Centers, the American Institute of Maghrib Studies, the American Research Center in Egypt, and the British Studies Program at the University of Texas for their generous financial support, without which this project would not have been possible. The research staffs at the Başbakanlık Archive in Istanbul, Dar al-Watha’iq in Cairo, the National Archives and British Library in London, and the Durham University v Library were invaluable to the outcome of this thesis. I would especially like to thank Jane Hogan and Michael Harkness at the Durham University Library for their help in navigating the special collections there. I would also like to thank the Mohamed Ali Foundation for granting me access to the Abbas Hilmi II archive held at the Durham University Library: all citations from that collection are reproduced by the kind permission of the Trustees of the Mohamed Ali Foundation and Durham University. In addition, I would like to express my gratitude for the wonderful staff at the University of Texas’ Perry–Castañeda Library, and particularly those working with the Distance Learning and Inter-Library Loan programs. I would also like to express my sincere appreciation to Marilyn Lehman of the University of Texas’ History Department, who has helped me in more ways and with more projects than I can recount. This project would not have been possible without the support, aid, and company of friends and colleagues. In particular, I would like to thank Matthew Ellis for sharing the Başbakanlık and British National Archive experiences with me, and for his constant help and good humor; Elizabeth Williams for being a wonderful roommate and fellow adventurer in Istanbul; Aarti Bhalodia, Amber Abbas, Gail Woods, and other members of British Studies for their good scholarship and great company; and, especially, Christine Baker for being a wonderful friend, cheerleader, and editor throughout this process – I certainly could not have completed this project without her help. I would also like to extend my great appreciation to Grant and Janet Lewison of Kew, London, who not only put up with my strange hours, but very graciously shared their home, humor, and dog with me on my many trips to London. This project would never have reached completion without the amazing work of Bruno U.K. Steiner, who quite literally made it possible for me to pursue my education. I would like to thank Simon, Schuster, SugarBeet, Peyton, Annie, Baxter, Morris, and Cooper for reminding me what really matters. Lastly, I can vi only attempt to put into words the gratitude I owe my mother, Sheila Dalton, for her constant support, not only for this project, but for all I have ever done. She has been a constant source of inspiration, help, and friendship; and has read and commented on endless drafts of this dissertation. Despite the many issues confronted along the way, she has offered nothing but encouragement and love, and has seen me through the roughest times of my life with love and grace. She has consistently put her own needs aside to help me, offering up endless amounts of time and energy. I have no words to adequately express the gratefulness I feel for the limitless love and support of my mother, who has always had complete faith in this project even when I didn’t. vii Egyptian Nationalism, 1882-1919: Elite Competition, Transnational Networks, Empire, and Independence Kristin Shawn Tassin, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Austin, 2014 Supervisor: Wm. Roger Louis This thesis studies the formulation and expression of Egyptian nationalism in the period 1882-1919. In particular, it argues that Egyptian nationalism, rather than having the territorial nation-state as the highest form of nationalist expression, was composed of multiple overlapping and contingent identities. Furthermore, this thesis will draw attention to inter-and intra- elite rivalries between power bases within Egypt, including the office of the Khedive, the urban elite, landowners, European powers, and Ottoman representatives; and the way in which these vying groups affected the growth and composition of the Egyptian nationalist movement. This thesis also contends that the policies and ideologies of Egyptian nationalists were both contingent and fluid, as were the self-identities of the Egyptian population. Egyptian nationalism in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries took many of its characteristics and methodologies from the global context of competing imperialisms as well as trans-national anti-colonial movements. Therefore, this thesis seeks to locate Egyptian nationalism in the period 1882-1919 within the global and local context of competing power bases and popular expectations. viii Table of Contents Chapter One: Introduction .......................................................................................1 Historiography ...............................................................................................6 Organization ..................................................................................................16 Chapter Two: Historical Introduction ....................................................................18 The Veiled Protectorate ................................................................................31 Chapter Three: The Revolution of 1919 ................................................................38 The Milner Mission ......................................................................................50 Chapter Four: Egyptian Nationalism, the Ottoman Empire, and the Young Turk Revolution .....................................................................................................58 Chapter Five: Nationalists in Europe ...................................................................115 Chapter Six: Egyptian Nationalists, the Ottoman Empire, and World War I ......143 Chapter Seven: Inter-Colonial Connections, 1906-1928 .....................................175 Chapter Eight: Local and Global Interactions .....................................................216 Chapter Nine: Conclusion ....................................................................................263 Bibliography ........................................................................................................269 Vita ..................................................................................................................... .293 ix “The People are asleep my darling” So she’d tell him; He, too, Was careful not to wake the People, To endure its dreams Like a kid’s kicks To ape its slack tongue like a fool, To crawl before it on all fours That he might tell it the story of creation... --Mohab Nasr (translated by Robin Moger) Chapter One: Introduction In the wake of the 2011 Egyptian Revolution that deposed President Hosni Mubarak (President, 1981-2011) and mobilized large and diverse swathes of the Egyptian population, numerous commentators began to compare the Egyptian Revolutions of 1919 and 2011, many making the determination that both revolutions were ultimately failures as a result of the inability of the movements’ leaders to reify popular support into organizational capacity.1 While certain demands were echoed across class and ideological divisions, both revolutions clearly meant different things to different segments of the population. For example, for some, the revolutions promised increased access to power, while for others, they portended important social and
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Profesor Mualaf Jerman Sekarang Sudah Μmurtad¶
    Profesor Mualaf Jerman Sudah Murtad PROFESOR MUALAF JERMAN SEKARANG SUDAH µMURTAD¶ Oleh Dr. Sami Alrabaa (penulis Kuwait Times) 05 Oct, 2008 Murtad disini maksudnya secara de facto. Sang Profesor hanya menyatakan tidak lagi percaya Muhammad eksis, tapi belum menyatakan diri murtad. Anehnya, bgm ia bisa mengucapkan Surat Fatihah 5x sehari sambil mengucapkan 'Muhamad rasulullah' kalau ia tidak pe rcaya bahwa Muhamad eksis? Surah-surah yang mengandung ajakan melakukan kekerasan, kebencian, dan diskriminasi terhadap wanita dalam Qur¶an dan Sunnah harus dilenyapkan atau dipandang sebagai hal yang hanya cocok untuk sejarah masa lampau saja jika Islam dan Muslim ingin diterima dalam masyarakat modern. Di awal bulan September 2008, media Jerman melaporkan pendapat dari Profesor Jerman ahli Islam bernama Sven (Muhammad) Kalisch, seorang mualaf yg mengajar ilmu agama Islam di Universitas Munster di Jerman. Prof. Kalisch menyatakan bahwa dia merasa sangat ragu bahwa Muhammad sang Nabi Islam itu pernah benar-benar ada. Dia juga menduga kemungkinan bahwa Muhammad dianggap Nabi hanya setelah dia mati. Prof. Sven (Muhammad) Kalisch Keberanian ahli Islam seperti Prof. Kalisch mengungkapkan pendapat patut diacungkan jempol, mengingat banyak orang lain ketakutan mengritik Islam karena segala macam intimidasi Muslim. Hampir dua tahun yang lalu, pemikiran dan kuliah Prof. Kalisch sangatlah berbeda dengan sekarang. Contohnya, pada kuliah umumnya di tanggal 16 Maret 2006, dia membela Syariah sebagai hukum Tuhan. Sewaktu aku menentang pendapatnya sambil menunjukkan ayat -ayat keji Qur¶an yang membujuk Muslim utk melakukan kekerasan, kebencian, dan diskrimina si atas wanita (silakan periksa Islam is a violent Faith / Islam adalah Agama Penuh Kekerasan. Click-Link), dia mulai gelagapan dan tidak tahu harus menjawab apa.
    [Show full text]
  • Race, Rebellion, and Arab Muslim Slavery : the Zanj Rebellion in Iraq, 869 - 883 C.E
    University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 5-2016 Race, rebellion, and Arab Muslim slavery : the Zanj Rebellion in Iraq, 869 - 883 C.E. Nicholas C. McLeod University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the African American Studies Commons, African History Commons, Ethnic Studies Commons, History of Religion Commons, Islamic Studies Commons, Islamic World and Near East History Commons, Medieval Studies Commons, Race and Ethnicity Commons, and the Social History Commons Recommended Citation McLeod, Nicholas C., "Race, rebellion, and Arab Muslim slavery : the Zanj Rebellion in Iraq, 869 - 883 C.E." (2016). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2381. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/2381 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The nivU ersity of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The nivU ersity of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. RACE, REBELLION, AND ARAB MUSLIM SLAVERY: THE ZANJ REBELLION IN IRAQ, 869 - 883 C.E. By Nicholas C. McLeod B.A., Bucknell University, 2011 A Thesis Submitted to The Faculty of College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Louisville In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts In Pan-African Studies Department of Pan-African Studies University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky May 2016 Copyright 2016 by Nicholas C.
    [Show full text]
  • The Question of 'Race' in the Pre-Colonial Southern Sahara
    The Question of ‘Race’ in the Pre-colonial Southern Sahara BRUCE S. HALL One of the principle issues that divide people in the southern margins of the Sahara Desert is the issue of ‘race.’ Each of the countries that share this region, from Mauritania to Sudan, has experienced civil violence with racial overtones since achieving independence from colonial rule in the 1950s and 1960s. Today’s crisis in Western Sudan is only the latest example. However, very little academic attention has been paid to the issue of ‘race’ in the region, in large part because southern Saharan racial discourses do not correspond directly to the idea of ‘race’ in the West. For the outsider, local racial distinctions are often difficult to discern because somatic difference is not the only, and certainly not the most important, basis for racial identities. In this article, I focus on the development of pre-colonial ideas about ‘race’ in the Hodh, Azawad, and Niger Bend, which today are in Northern Mali and Western Mauritania. The article examines the evolving relationship between North and West Africans along this Sahelian borderland using the writings of Arab travellers, local chroniclers, as well as several specific documents that address the issue of the legitimacy of enslavement of different West African groups. Using primarily the Arabic writings of the Kunta, a politically ascendant Arab group in the area, the paper explores the extent to which discourses of ‘race’ served growing nomadic power. My argument is that during the nineteenth century, honorable lineages and genealogies came to play an increasingly important role as ideological buttresses to struggles for power amongst nomadic groups and in legitimising domination over sedentary communities.
    [Show full text]
  • The American University in Cairo Press
    TheThe AmericanAmerican 2009 UniversityUniversity inin Cairo Cairo PressPress Complete Catalog Fall The American University in Cairo Press, recognized “The American University in Cairo Press is the Arab as the leading English-language publisher in the region, world’s top foreign-language publishing house. It has currently offers a backlist of more than 1000 publica- transformed itself into one of the leading players in tions and publishes annually up to 100 wide-ranging the dialog between East and West, and has produced academic texts and general interest books on ancient a canon of Arabic literature in translation unmatched and modern Egypt and the Middle East, as well as in depth and quality by any publishing house in the Arabic literature in translation, most notably the works world.” of Egypt’s Nobel laureate Naguib Mahfouz. —Egypt Today New Publications 9 Marfleet/El Mahdi Egypt: Moment of Change 22 Abdel-Hakim/Manley Traveling through the 10 Masud et al. Islam and Modernity Deserts of Egypt 14 McNamara The Hashemites 28 Abu Golayyel A Dog with No Tail 23 Mehdawy/Hussein The Pharaoh’s Kitchen 31 Alaidy Being Abbas el Abd 15 Moginet Writing Arabic 2 Arnold The Monuments of Egypt 30 Mustafa Contemporary Iraqi Fiction 31 Aslan The Heron 8 Naguib Women, Water, and Memory 29 Bader Papa Sartre 20 O’Kane The Illustrated Guide to the Museum 9 Bayat Life as Politics of Islamic Art 13 al-Berry Life is More Beautiful than Paradise 2 Ratnagar The Timeline History of Ancient Egypt 15 Bloom/Blair Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art 33 Roberts, R.A.
    [Show full text]
  • 644A Disciple Has Crossed Over by Water': an Analysis of Lawrence
    64 4A disciple has crossed over by water’: an Analysis of Lawrence Durrell’s Alexandria Quartet in its Egyptian Historical and Intellectual Contexts.” Mike Diboll. Submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, University of Leicester. University College Northampton August 2000 UMI Number: U139322 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U139322 Published by ProQuest LLC 2013. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 <DIAOI2 AAEEANAPEY2IN Dedicated to Phyllis (1908 - 1994) and Joan (1916 - 2000). Abstract: “ ‘A disciple has crossed over bv water’: Lawrence Diirrell's Alexandria Quartet in its Egyptian Historical and Intellectual Contexts” by Mike Diboll. This dissertation examines Lawrence Durrell's The Alexandria Quartet in its various Egyptian contexts. It contests the idea that the Alexandria of the Quartet is essentially a city of the imagination which bears little or no relation to the real city of history. It argues that various strata of Alexandrian history, from antiquity to the nineteen- fifties, are deeply embedded in Durrell’s Quartet. Of particular interest is the tetralogy’s representation of the history of Egypt's Wafdist independence movement in the years 1919 - 1952, and Britain's responses to it.
    [Show full text]
  • Libya's Conflict
    LIBYA’S BRIEF / 12 CONFLICT Nov 2019 A very short introduction SERIES by Wolfgang Pusztai Freelance security and policy analyst * INTRODUCTION Eight years after the revolution, Libya is in the mid- dle of a civil war. For more than four years, inter- national conflict resolution efforts have centred on the UN-sponsored Libya Political Agreement (LPA) process,1 unfortunately without achieving any break- through. In fact, the situation has even deteriorated Summary since the onset of Marshal Haftar’s attack on Tripoli on 4 April 2019.2 › Libya is a failed state in the middle of a civil war and increasingly poses a threat to the An unstable Libya has wide-ranging impacts: as a safe whole region. haven for terrorists, it endangers its north African neighbours, as well as the wider Sahara region. But ter- › The UN-facilitated stabilisation process was rorists originating from or trained in Libya are also a unsuccessful because it ignored key political threat to Europe, also through the radicalisation of the actors and conflict aspects on the ground. Libyan expatriate community (such as the Manchester › While partially responsible, international Arena bombing in 2017).3 Furthermore, it is one of the interference cannot be entirely blamed for most important transit countries for migrants on their this failure. way to Europe. Through its vast oil wealth, Libya is also of significant economic relevance for its neigh- › Stabilisation efforts should follow a decen- bours and several European countries. tralised process based on the country’s for- mer constitution. This Conflict Series Brief focuses on the driving factors › Wherever there is a basic level of stability, of conflict dynamics in Libya and on the shortcomings fostering local security (including the crea- of the LPA in addressing them.
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study of Arabic Heritage Learners and Their Community
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by South East Academic Libraries System (SEALS) “SPEAK AMERICAN!” OR LANGUAGE, POWER AND EDUCATION IN DEARBORN, MICHIGAN: A CASE STUDY OF ARABIC HERITAGE LEARNERS AND THEIR COMMUNITY BY KENNETH KAHTAN AYOUBY Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Education, the University of Port Elizabeth, in Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor Educationis Promoter: Prof. Susan van Rensburg, Ph.D. The University of Port Elizabeth November 2004 ABSTRACT This study examines the history and development of the “Arabic as a foreign language” (AFL) programme in Dearborn Public Schools (in Michigan, the United States) in its socio-cultural and political context. More specifically, this study examines the significance of Arabic to the Arab immigrant and ethnic community in Dearborn in particular, but with reference to meanings generated and associated to Arabic by non- Arabs in the same locale. Although this study addresses questions similar to research conducted on Arab Americans in light of anthropological and sociological theoretical constructs, it is, however, unique in examining education and Arabic pedagogy in Dearborn from an Arab American studies and an educational multi-cultural perspective, predicated on/and drawing from Edward Said’s critique of Orientalism, Paulo Freire’s ideas about education, and Henry Giroux’s concern with critical pedagogy. In the American mindscape, the "East" has been the theatre of the exotic, the setting of the Other from colonial times to the present. The Arab and Muslim East have been constructed to represent an opposite of American culture, values and life.
    [Show full text]
  • DISCOVER LEBANON Pthoenicians Who Went from There (2700-450 BC) to Be - Come the Masters of the Sea Trade and to Re-Define Civili - a MULTI CULTURAL COUNTRY Zation
    he Lebanon, on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, is the point where the three continents of Eu - rope, Asia, and Africa meet, geographically as well as culturally. The country was the ancient home of the DISCOVER LEBANON PThoenicians who went from there (2700-450 BC) to be - come the masters of the sea trade and to re-define civili - A MULTI CULTURAL COUNTRY zation. There were Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, Greeks, Ro - mans, Byzantines, Arabs, Mamelukes, and finally French WITH A HORSE HISTORY OF 2000 YEARS in the country, usually dominating for some centuries, lea - ving a rich historical heritage and putting their own stamp on the multicultural style that developed. All of them made the cities and landscapes of the Lebanon world-fa - mous, not only as far as demonstrating the power and in - fluence of the respective rulers and conquerors was concerned, but also with respect to the achievements of the civilian society: their sciences, arts, and culture. Horse breeding was probably introduced to the Lebanon by the Greeks. Even for centuries before Christ, they had been masters of the art of riding. It was the Romans, however, who built the first hippodrome 2000 years ago – and it is the only one that has been preserved for the world up to today, at least major parts of it. The racetrack of Tyr, to the south of Beirut, was built in the 2nd century A.D. It is 1,575 feet (480 m) long and 525 feet (160 m) wide, making it the second largest hippo - drome after the Circus Maximus in Rome.
    [Show full text]
  • Pan-Arabism and the United Arab Republic by Michael Habib
    Pan-Arabism and the United Arab Republic by Michael Habib A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of The Wilkes Honors College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences with a Concentration in History Wilkes Honors College of Florida Atlantic University Jupiter, Florida May 2016 Pan-Arabism and the United Arab Republic By Michael Habib This thesis was prepared under the direction of the candidate’s thesis advisor, Dr. Christopher Ely, and has been approved by the members of his supervisory committee. It was submitted to the faculty of The Honors College and was accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences. SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: ___________________________ Dr. Christopher Ely ____________________________ Dr. Douglas McGetchin ______________________________ Dean Jeffrey Buller, Wilkes Honors College ____________ Date i ABSTRACT Author: Michael Habib Title: Pan-Arabism and the United Arab Republic Institution: Wilkes Honors College of Florida Atlantic University Thesis Advisor: Dr. Christopher Ely Degree: Bachelor of Arts in Liberal Arts and Sciences Concentration: History Year: 2016 This thesis seeks to analyze Pan-Arabism through the lens of the United Arab Republic. I argue that even though the UAR faced many internal issues, it ultimately failed due to external pressures. I argue this to provide a new perspective on the Middle East and the Arab world, by showing how it came to be as it is. I organize my thesis into four chapters: I. Introduction: Arab Unity and its Limits, II. The Marriage of Syria and Egypt, III.
    [Show full text]
  • The J. Chalhoub Collection of Egypt
    © 2018, David Feldman SA All rights reserved All content of this catalogue, such as text, images and their arrangement, is the property of David Feldman SA, and is protected by international copyright laws. The objects displayed in this catalogue are shown with the express permission of their owners. Printed in Germany by Meister Print & Media GmbH Colour disclaimer – We strive to present the lots in this catalogue as accurately as possible. Nevertheless, due to limitations of digital scanners, digital photography, and unintentional variations on the offset printing presses, we cannot guarantee that the colours you see printed are an exact reproduction of the actual item. Although variations are minimal, the images presented herein are intended as a guide only and should not be regarded as absolutely correct. All colours are approximations of actual colours. The Joseph Chalhoub Collection of Egypt I. Commemoratives Monday, December 3, 2018, at 13:00 CET Geneva – David Feldman SA Contact us 59, Route de Chancy, Building D, 3rd floor 1213 Petit Lancy, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 (0)22 727 07 77, Fax +41 (0)22 727 07 78 [email protected] www.davidfeldman.com 50 th The Joseph Chalhoub Collection of Egypt I. Commemoratives Monday, December 3, 2018, at 13:00 CET Geneva – David Feldman SA You are invited to participate VIEWING / VISITE DES LOTS / BESICHTIGUNG Geneva Before December 3 David Feldman SA 59, Route de Chancy, Building D, 3rd floor, 1213 Petit Lancy, Geneva, Switzerland By appointment only – contact Tel.: +41 (0)22 727 07 77 (Viewing of lots on weekends or evenings can be arranged) From December 3 General viewing from 09:00 to 19:00 daily AUCTION / VENTE / AUKTION Monday, December 3 at 13:00 CET All lots (10000-10205) Phone line during the auction / Ligne téléphonique pendant la vente / Telefonleitung während der Auktion Tel.
    [Show full text]
  • Fatimid Material Culture in Al-Andalus: Presences and Influences of Egypt in Al-Andalus Between the Xth and the Xiith Centuries A.D
    Fatimid Material Culture in Al-Andalus: Presences and Influences of Egypt in Al-Andalus Between the Xth and the XIIth Centuries A.D. Zabya Abo Aljadayel Dissertation of Master of Archaeology September, 2019 Dissertation submitted to fulfil the necessary requirements to obtain a Master's Degree of Archaeology, held under the scientific orientation of Prof. André Teixeira and Prof.ª Susana Gómez Martínez. 2 | P a g e Zabya Abo aljadayel | 2019 To my family, friends and every interested reader لعائلتي, ﻷصدقائي و لكل قارئ مهتم 3 | P a g e Zabya Abo aljadayel | 2019 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I give my gratitude and love To my dear professors Susana and André for being more than advisors with their patience, kindness and support. To the Global Platform for Syrian Students for giving me the opportunity to come to Portugal to continue my higher education. In particular, I would like to commend the efforts of Dr Helena Barroco for being by my side in the formal and the nonformal situations. To FCSH-UNL for giving me a seat in the faculty. Moreover, to Dr Francisco José Gomes Caramelo and Dr João Soeiro de Carvalho for their kindness and academic support. To my beloved friends in CAM and in all Mértola for well receiving me there as a part of their lovely family. To Dr Susana Calvo Capilla and Dr María Antonia Martínez Núñez for their support. To my mother, I would say that Charles Virolleaud wasn’t entirely right when he said: “Tout homme civilisé a deux patries: la sienne et la Syrie.”. But, should have said: “Tout homme civilisé a trois patries: Sa mère, la sienne et la Syrie.”.
    [Show full text]
  • Islamic and Indian
    ISLAMIC AND INDIAN ART including The Tipu Sultan Collection Tuesday 21 April 2015 Bonhams 1793 Limited Bonhams 1793 Ltd Directors Bonhams UK Ltd Directors Registered No. 4326560 Robert Brooks Co-Chairman, Colin Sheaf Chairman, Jonathan Baddeley, Andrew McKenzie, Simon Mitchell, Jeff Muse, Registered Office: Montpelier Galleries Malcolm Barber Co-Chairman, Antony Bennett, Matthew Bradbury, Mike Neill, Charlie O’Brien, Giles Peppiatt, Montpelier Street, London SW7 1HH Colin Sheaf Deputy Chairman, Lucinda Bredin, Harvey Cammell, Simon Cottle, Peter Rees, Iain Rushbrook, John Sandon, Matthew Girling Global CEO, Andrew Currie, Paul Davidson, Jean Ghika, Tim Schofield, Veronique Scorer, +44 (0) 20 7393 3900 Patrick Meade Global CEO, Charles Graham-Campbell, Miranda Grant, James Stratton, Roger Tappin, Ralph Taylor, +44 (0) 20 7393 3905 fax Geoffrey Davies, Jonathan Horwich, Richard Harvey, Robin Hereford, Asaph Hyman, Shahin Virani, David Williams, James Knight, Caroline Oliphant, Charles Lanning, Sophie Law, Fergus Lyons, Michael Wynell-Mayow, Suzannah Yip. Hugh Watchorn. Gordon McFarlan, ISLAMIC AND INDIAN ART Tuesday 21 April 2015, at 10.30 101 New Bond Street, London VIEWING BIDS ENQUIRIES CUSTOMER SERVICES Sunday 12 April +44 (0) 20 7447 7447 Claire Penhallurick Monday to Friday 8:30 to 18:00 11.00 - 15.00 +44 (0) 20 7447 7401 fax +44 20 7468 8249 +44 (0) 20 7447 7447 Monday 13 - Friday 17 April To bid via the internet please [email protected] 9.00 - 16.30 visit bonhams.com As a courtesy to intending Saturday 18 April bidders, Bonhams will provide a 11.00 - 15.00 Please note that bids should be Matthew Thomas written Indication of the physical Sunday 19 April submitted no later than 16:00 +44 20 7468 8270 condition of lots in this sale if a 11.00 - 15.00 on the day prior to the sale.
    [Show full text]