INTERMOUNTAIN WWW.IJN.COM ® CANDLELIGHTING DENVER 8:13 p.m. BOULDER 8:15 p.m. ASPEN 8:19 p.m. Happy July 4th Vol. 107, No. 27 Tammuz 11, 5780 JULY 3, 2020 © Published every Friday, Denver, CO $1.75 COVID ANNEXATION BLM DESIGNS Generations Not likely any time soon And Palestinians TA — Three generations fell ERUSALEM — Since April, On July 1, as stipulated in the ONDON (JTA) — Black Lives victim to the coronavirus in all eyes following the Israeli- agreement, Netanyahu could put Matter in the United King- New York in the span of Palestinian conflict have the topic of annexing the West dom conflated its movement 10 days. been glued to Wednesday, Bank — a move that would have with the Palestinians’ oppo- JThe first to die was Lenora JJuly 1. political repercussions well beyond Lsition to Israel’s “settler colonial pur- Garfinkel, 89; followed by her son, Israeli Prime Minister Ben- the Middle East — up for a vote suits.” Efraim Garfinkel, 66; followed by jamin Netanyahu had negotiat- in his Cabinet or in the Knesset, “As Israel moves forward with the his son, Doniel, 46, three days ed the date into his government Israel’s parliament. annexation of the West Bank, and later. coalition deal with his rival Ben- ANNEXATION BLM — PALESTINIANS Lenora Garfinkel was one of ny Gantz. the first women to study archi- Continued on Page 16 Continued on Page 17 SEE PAGE 19 — DESIGNS tecture at the prestigious Coop- er Union College in New York and went on to build Jewish com- munity buildings across the New Hard lessons Special needs Colorado’s Most of the Nazi doctors volunteered COVID retools the approach — it works COVID status By ERIC BERGER PAGE 14 JTA

IJN report EW YORK — When Rache- ers and students quickly switched li Friedbauer, now 11, was to remote learning. York metropolitan area over the enrolled four years ago in a The abrupt shift was challenging, course of more than six decades. Jewish special education pro- to say the least. Teachers at first Her designs included the mas- Ngram, it changed her life. replicated their daily schedule using sive Viznitz chasidic synagogue Due to a rare genetic disorder, Zoom. But students with special in Kaser, the Atrium wedding Racheli has developmental delays needs who rely on structure for venue in Monsey, and multiple and some medical problems, and she academic and emotional stability schools and ritual bath houses. is extremely shy. But she thrived found the change jarring. “She was an expert in the hala- within the program, which is run by The risks of failure could be dis- chot [Jewish laws] of building reli- Sinai Schools, a network of special astrous for these children. gious buildings, mikvehs and educational programs that operates So educators quickly regrouped shuls based on Halachah. That’s within regular Jewish day school and retooled. why they came to her. She sat settings. Students were divided into small- with any rabbi making these “It was an environment where she er groups so teaching could be plans like one of them.” finally was comfortable, and she felt more individualized. Garfinkel died of COVID-19 on very loved and accepted for who Teachers put in more hours. April 29 at the age of 89. she was,” said her mother,Jill Fried- Instructors incorporated more Lenora Garfinkel was born in bauer. visuals — mastering the ability, the Bronx in 1930. After gradu- Then, in March, the coronavirus for example, to visually focus in on ating high school, she wanted pandemic hit and Racheli’s life a math problem they were work- to attend Cooper Union but was was turned upside down. ing rather than showing the entire told that the entrance exam Her school, the Rosenbaum Yeshi- SPECIAL NEEDS was on Shabbat. After attend- va of North Jersey,closed, and teach- ing Hunter College for a year,she Continued on Page 16 reapplied and demanded a test on another day. Dr. Matthew Wynia, head of the Center for Bioethics and Human- “We all should be one tenth ities, talks about making tough medical choices. David Weil SAINT LOUIS — REALLY? of what [my mother] was and By ANDREA JACOBS emulate every part of her per- sonality,” her daughter Letitia IJN Senior Writer ‘No statue — and change the name’ Dahan Forspan said. By BEN SALES r.Matt Wynia, then head of “I just saw all kinds of ways that “She had 50 great-grandchil- JTA dren and each was as if it was the American Medical Asso- Holocaust history continues to play ciation’s ethics institute, out and influence the way we think GARFINKELS received an unexpected about modern medical issues.” T. LOUIS — On top of a hill holding a sword in his right hand. Dinvite from the US Holocaust in front of an art museum in Erected 116 years ago in Forest Park, Continued on Page 19 Memorial Museum in DC in the ynia and the museum the biggest park in St. Louis it is one of the city’s best-known mon- early 2000s. collaborated on a trav- stands a statue of an anti- uments. SSemite. Now, a coalition of activists want “The museum was putting eling road show of “Dead- together an exhibit called “Dead- ly Medicine” in the hopes The monument to the city’s name- it taken down because Louis IX per- ly Medicine: Creating the Master Wof impressing its message upon sake, the medieval French king Louis secuted Jews, presided over a noto- Race,” says Wynia, 56, director of health professionals. IX, depicts the king astride a horse, rious mass burning of the Talmud, CU Anschutz Medical Campus’ In tandem with the museum’s wearing a crown and a robe and issued an order of expulsion against Center for Bioethics and Human- senior historian of medical crimes, his Jewish subjects and led two Cru- ities since 2015. Wynia visited at least 25 to 30 med- sader armies in unsuccessful offen- “Deadly Medicine” exposed the ical schools across the country over COURT sives in North Africa. complicity of physicians in Nazi the ensuing year or two. At a time when statues of Con- Germany’s vision of a genetically “We argued that we should real- federate leaders and other figures superior race. Technically sterile, ly teach bioethics, particularly Vouchers are coming down across the coun- the search was cruel and incendi- the Holocaust, to medical profes- ASHINGTON — The try, activists in St. Louis want the ary.It led to the murder of millions sionals as part of the lesson plan,” Supreme Court handed Louis IX statue to come down too. of Jewish, ethnic and political he says. school voucher proponents A petition launched last week is call- enemies of the state. “And we strongly encouraged a victory in ruling that a ing on the city not only to take the When Wynia was first introduced medical schools to incorporate Wstate-run scholarship program fund- ST. LOUIS to the exhibit-in-process, which was the Holocaust into bioethics train- ed by tax-deductible gifts could not Continued on Page 9 pieced together on poster boards, ing for medical students.” exclude religious schools. curators had no interest in his aes- The lukewarm response felled The court split 5-4 in the Espinoza INSIDE thetic appraisal.“We discussed how expectations. v. Montana Dept. of Revenue case, American physicians might “We pushed for this education with Chief Justice John Roberts pro- Business...... 15 respond to this information, which for a number of years,” says Wynia viding the swing vote. Classifieds ...... 19 Columnists ...... 4, 14, 23 was not generally talked about at who trained in internal medicine, “A State need not subsidize pri- Editorials ...... 24 the time,” he says. infectious diseases, public health vate education,” Roberts wrote.“But Leisure ...... 12 “I was immediately struck by the and health services research. once a State decides to do so, it Lively Opinion ...... 4 resonance between the Holocaust “It was hard.To begin with, there cannot disqualify some private Obituaries ...... 20 and medicine today,including racial aren’t a lot of experts in this field. schools solely because they are Readers Speak...... 5 health disparities, managed care Unlike specialists in kidney dis- religious.” Shmoos...... 20 and doctors as the stewards of com- Synagogues & Calendar ...... 21 munal resources,” says Wynia, who WYNIA VOUCHERS Today’s Life...... 10, 11 is not Jewish. Continued on Page 17 Continued on Page 16 Weekly Calendar, Spotlight 13 WWW.IJN.COM — Most Local Jewish Information on the Web • FOUR-WEEK FREE IJN SUBSCRIPTION, 303-861-2234 July 3, 2020 • INTERMOUNTAIN JEWISH NEWS • 17 NEWS: CU Holocaust taught in medical school ‘The reality of what we’re able to do with this history is bring it to their attention’ WYNIA learned from that legacy, if you Holocaust. But that of course implies was not a German invention. difficult ethical issues today.For peo- From Page 1 will. that there were just a few bad actors, Members of the eugenics move- ple in need, it brings up race and Up until the 1930s and 1940s, and this reduces the scope of health ment in America advocated steril- biological and social determinism, medicine was moving in the direc- professionals’ complicity in the entire ization by 1906. We sterilized about and the ways in which biological ease or heart disease, we don’t tion of population health; looking Holocaust. 70,000 people against their will determinants grow out of social have thousands of people who feel at the well being of the larger com- One of the things that we’re very because we thought they posed a determinants. comfortable teaching this history.” munity and the willingness to sac- reluctant to talk about, and have genetic threat to the larger com- If you say all these people are dis- Due to Dr. Wynia and a cadre of munity. ease-ridden and we need to put them professional and lay supporters, CU in a ghetto, well guess what? They’re Anschutz teaches the Holocaust to The Holocaust shaped many issues IJN: Was the eugenics move- all going to become disease-ridden all medical students as part of their ment in America predicated because that’s where they are placed, bioethics training. in modern medicine upon anti-Semitism and racism? trapped, and lack the resources to “The Holocaust forces us to con- Yes. Absolutely. The idea of race escape. front a set of reflections about the rifice individual well being, whether been for two or three generations, is fundamentally racist. The belief The Nazis did all of this.They saw nature of our profession, our role through research or enforced vac- is the fact that the majority of doc- that groups have a genetic benefit what we were doing in America, mod- in society and the inherent tension cinations. tors in Germany voluntarily joined or flaw built into them was endem- eled it, and took it 10 steps beyond. between the rights of individuals You could force vaccinations on the Nazi Party. ic in all of this. and the well being of community,” people who did not want to get them More than 50% of German doc- Whether or not you think of the IJN: Med students are being he says. in order to protect the larger com- tors joined the party and they were Jewish people as a race, the false taught courses in the Holocaust The following is an edited tran- munity. We really emphasized pub- not forced to do so. There weren’t assumption that an inherent biolog- and its application to contem- script of the IJN’s conversation with lic health and protection of the nearly that number of engineers or ical make up is detectable by the porary medical bioethics at CU Dr. Matt Wynia. community. lawyers who aligned themselves with shape of your face or the color of Anschutz. The Holocaust demonstrated that the Nazi Party. your skin is engrained in the eugen- Yes.We include courses every year JN: Why is the Holocaust, an this can be taken way too far.Physi- The Nazi Party portrayed itself ics movement. in different ways, but they are not historical nightmare that cians have a very important role in as being a blend of biology and pol- I think this is one of the rea- limited to medical students. occurred over 75 years ago, protecting the health of individual itics. They were going to create a sons why people are becoming more Pharmacists, nurses and dentists relevant to contemporary patients while simultaneously safe- master race and would accomplish interested in this history now.We’re also attend. Ibioethics in the US? guarding the community. this through politics and even war looking at America’s role in creat- Plenty of people were complicit in Wynia: The short answer is that Those things were not obvious to create a new society based on bio- ing the modern idea of race. The Nazi medical crimes who were not there is no topic you can imagine until after the Holocaust. logical principles. US passed an enforced steriliza- physicians — psychiatrists, neu- in bioethics today that has not These principles included survival tion law in California six months rologists studying brain diseases, been influenced by the actions of IJN: When most Jews envision of the fittest; preventing “inferior” after the Nazis came to power. PhDs — all trying in one way or doctors, nurses and other health sci- physicians in the Holocaust, they people from having babies; and By the way, most of the people another to justify their biological entists during the Holocaust. think of Josef Mengele, the man encouraging people they deemed per- sterilized by the Germans were belief system. Today, if you think about genet- in the white coat with a predilec- fect to become parents of model not Jewish. The T4 program mur- ics, the privacy and confidentiality tion for experimenting on twins. Aryan offspring. dered disabled people after steril- IJN: When the Holocaust of patients and when it’s accept- Does this distort the actual num- There was this two-sided argu- ization. The Nazis felt it cost too course concludes, do medical able to release that information to ber of healers-turned-killers? ment of how to create a master much to take on the disabled, and students translate this informa- the state, it’s all influenced by the I think that’s right. After the race in the German nation. First, killed them because they were nev- tion into more thoughtful med- collaboration of health profession- war, the Nuremberg Trials empha- pick the people we approve of, are er going to be able to contribute to ical practices? als in the Holocaust. sized the experimentation that took healthy and good, and encourage society. That’s a good question. I wish I The connection is not always direct place in the concentration camps them to be even healthier; and had the full answer but I don’t. because many people are unfamil- — but of course experimentation find those you don’t want to repro- IJN: The vast majority of Jews The reality of what we are able iar with the role of physicians and continued outside of the camps as duce because they posed a genetic view the Holocaust as the tar- to do with this history, which is so other healthcare scientists in the well. threat to the general community, geted annihilation of the Jew- deeply disturbing, is to bring it to Holocaust. But indirectly,all of mod- Mengele, in modern parlance, is and kill them. ish people rather than a their attention. I don’t think we have ern bioethics has been influenced by what went viral. It was a very medical argument, byproduct of the quest for a mas- an easy way to track how the knowl- the legacy of health professionals He experimented on twins, chil- like looking at human bodies and ter race. edge of this history influences their in the Holocaust — the lessons dren, and became the touchstone for how they might get infected or Which it was. There’s plenty of behaviors. the heinous actions of doctors in the have a cancer. You apply this to truth to the idea that hatred gen- By the way, we also don’t know the entire German nation and say, erated the concepts around race and whether teaching students microbi- “Our nation has this cancer.It’s called the biological threat, and not the ology influences their behavior. We Jewish people. It’s called gay peo- other way around. The Nazis did- don’t know whether teaching gross Quick annexation unlikely ple. It’s called communists.” n’t start with the biological perspec- anatomy by using a cadaver makes I think doctors were drawn to this tive and then figure out who would them better doctors! We don’t have hasn’t done since 2014 — if Israel biologically oriented mentality for suffer. the data. And I think we’re in a ANNEXATION drops the annexation idea. a variety of reasons, particularly the They started with hatred of the similar situation here. From Page 16 The report claims that the Pales- metaphor of the state as a human out-group and found ways to ratio- Does teaching Holocaust history Emirates’ ambassador to the US, tinian Authority sent a letter to body that could get infected or devel- nalize that hatred. It was born of in- make people better doctors? I hope has written that annexation would the Quartet — the diplomatic group- op cancer. You have to cut out the group vs. out-group thinking. so. I hope it makes them better also destroy the relationships that ing of the US, the UN, the European cancer; kill the germ. Hating “the other” for whatever people, more thoughtful people. Netanyahu has been working hard Union and Russia — saying it was Germany was not the only place reason becomes irrelevant because I hope it makes them question to build in the Arab world. “ready to resume direct bilateral where this type of thinking existed once you have established the pow- broad-based assumptions and shows “I believe that the Trump plan is negotiations where they stopped.” — Germany just took it a lot fur- er dynamic, you use race to legit- them how to fulfill their responsi- the right political and security frame- The AFP could not discern when the ther than anyone else did. imize it. It’s ironic. Race is born of bilities to the individual and larg- work to be promoted in the State letter was sent, though. The idea of sterilizing people to racism and not the other way around. er community at the same time, in of Israel,” Gantz said in an inter- prevent them from having babies The Holocaust raises all these very the best possible way. But I don’t view with Ynet on Tuesday. Coronavirus is coming back have proof. “[But] this needs to be done cor- There is something about med- rectly in bringing as many part- his is Gantz’s other point:The ical training that can inure you to ners to this discussion from the coronavirus has made a come- human suffering. You have to see countries of the region, with inter- back in Israel, and he thinks BLM in Britain backs BDS people suffer and move on to the national backing. the government should pri- BLM — PALESTINIANS that British politics is ‘gagged’ in next patient. In some cases you have “[We must] make every effort to Toritize dealing with that first. terms of debating Israel, a claim par- to cause short-term suffering to bring From Page 1 connect with them and only then In the early days of the virus, ticularly preposterous because Israel about long-term healing, such as continue. And I think all the means Netanyahu and his government were is one of the most-discussed for- surgery. to bring in the players have not praised for their quick and effec- mainstream British politics is eign policy issues in this country,” There is a risk in training peo- yet been exhausted.” tive quarantine shutdown. gagged of the right to critique Marie van der Zyl, president of the ple to become somewhat inured to In recent weeks, however, Israel Zionism, and Israel’s settler colo- Board of Deputies of , human suffering and believing The Palestinians could be has relaxed restrictions and nial pursuits, we loudly and clear- said in a statement, the Jewish that short-term pain/long-term heal- willing to talk reopened workplaces and schools — ly stand beside our Palestinian News reported. ing is their sole job. How do we and seen a spike in COVID-19 cas- comrades. FREE PALESTINE,” “However, the failings of this create doctors who are capable of he Palestinian Authority, es. Black Lives Matter UK tweeted particular group will not stop us going from one patient in great pain, led by Mahmoud Abbas, has On Tuesday, the Health Min- Sunday, June 28, in the first of a standing alongside black people in someone you can’t fix right away, not been happy about the istry confirmed over 700 new cases series of tweets highlighting Jew- their quest for justice, whether inside and methodically progress to the annexation rumors. If Israel that had been identified in the ish, Israeli and Palestinian groups or outside our community.” next patient? Tfollows through with its plan, the past 24 hours — the second-high- that oppose Zionism. Karen Pollock, chief executive of How do you get physicians to PA said it will declare its own state est amount recorded in a day there The tweets highlight statements the Holocaust Educational Trust, the point where they maintain their (which it has already done in the since the start of the pandemic. from groups such as Jewish Voice told that it ability to do the job and also retain past). Israeli reports claim that the min- for Peace in the US and the Boycott, was “disappointing and dangerous their human compassion, empathy The PA has already reneged on istry is pushing for curfews in dozens Divestment and Sanctions move- to post something like this to thou- and the ability to form strong bonds all security cooperation with Israel of cities to curb the spread of dis- ment against Israel.The former sup- sands of followers who sincerely want with individual patients? and even stopped taking its own tax ease. ports the BDS movement. to fight racism.’’ I think that’s a balancing act money held for them. Netanyahu has disagreed with British Jewish leaders criticized She added: “Gagged? Gagged by that many of us struggle with All signs pointed to a historic Gantz on the topic. the tweets but said they would stand whom? The insinuation is depress- throughout our careers. low in Israeli-Palestinian relations. “We have serious issues to dis- behind the movement. ingly clear.’’ I hope that teaching Holocaust However, in a striking reversal, cuss,” Netanyahu said Tuesday. “It is beyond disappointing that Black Lives Matter in the US had history helps physicians understand the AFP news agency reported that “So serious they can’t even wait until Black Lives Matter UK, a suppos- tried to link its efforts to the Pales- the risk of turning individual human the PA is willing to come back to the after the coronavirus passes.” edly anti-racist organization, has tinian cause and some of its sup- beings into numbers. ■ negotiating table — something it — Gabe Friedman, JTA ■ leaned into the anti-Semitic trope porters continue to do so. ■