Greece & Churches of Revelation
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Seven Churches of Revelation Turkey
TRAVEL GUIDE SEVEN CHURCHES OF REVELATION TURKEY TURKEY Pergamum Lesbos Thyatira Sardis Izmir Chios Smyrna Philadelphia Samos Ephesus Laodicea Aegean Sea Patmos ASIA Kos 1 Rhodes ARCHEOLOGICAL MAP OF WESTERN TURKEY BULGARIA Sinanköy Manya Mt. NORTH EDİRNE KIRKLARELİ Selimiye Fatih Iron Foundry Mosque UNESCO B L A C K S E A MACEDONIA Yeni Saray Kırklareli Höyük İSTANBUL Herakleia Skotoussa (Byzantium) Krenides Linos (Constantinople) Sirra Philippi Beikos Palatianon Berge Karaevlialtı Menekşe Çatağı Prusias Tauriana Filippoi THRACE Bathonea Küçükyalı Ad hypium Morylos Dikaia Heraion teikhos Achaeology Edessa Neapolis park KOCAELİ Tragilos Antisara Abdera Perinthos Basilica UNESCO Maroneia TEKİRDAĞ (İZMİT) DÜZCE Europos Kavala Doriskos Nicomedia Pella Amphipolis Stryme Işıklar Mt. ALBANIA Allante Lete Bormiskos Thessalonica Argilos THE SEA OF MARMARA SAKARYA MACEDONIANaoussa Apollonia Thassos Ainos (ADAPAZARI) UNESCO Thermes Aegae YALOVA Ceramic Furnaces Selectum Chalastra Strepsa Berea Iznik Lake Nicea Methone Cyzicus Vergina Petralona Samothrace Parion Roman theater Acanthos Zeytinli Ada Apamela Aisa Ouranopolis Hisardere Dasaki Elimia Pydna Barçın Höyük BTHYNIA Galepsos Yenibademli Höyük BURSA UNESCO Antigonia Thyssus Apollonia (Prusa) ÇANAKKALE Manyas Zeytinlik Höyük Arisbe Lake Ulubat Phylace Dion Akrothooi Lake Sane Parthenopolis GÖKCEADA Aktopraklık O.Gazi Külliyesi BİLECİK Asprokampos Kremaste Daskyleion UNESCO Höyük Pythion Neopolis Astyra Sundiken Mts. Herakleum Paşalar Sarhöyük Mount Athos Achmilleion Troy Pessinus Potamia Mt.Olympos -
Revelation Chapter Two Lanny Sterms 4-22-2021 Scripture References
Revelation Chapter Two Lanny Sterms 4-22-2021 Scripture References Acts 18:19 Proverbs 4:23-27 Matthew 5:11-12 James 1:12 Rev.20:11-15 Rev. 21:5, 7-8 1st Cor. 15:57 Romans 5:3-4 Acts 16:13-14 1st Kings 16:30-32 Colossians 2:8 1st Timothy 2:5 Quoted or Referenced two more: Rev. 22:16 Numbers 22:12 1 Outline Chapter 2 ➢ Lampstands represent 7 Churches in Asia Minor: Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, Laodicea. ➢ Why these 7? ➢ 2:1-7 Ephesus • Lesson for us: Those Faithful beware of backsliding. • In verse 4 we read Jesus said they the Ephesians had lost their first Love. • In verse 6 we read Jesus was pleased that the Ephesians were offended as He was by the Nicolaitans. ➢ 2:8-11 Smyrna • Lesson for us: Facing persecution by Faith. • There were Jewish coverts who practiced a self-styled Judaism but were not actually Jewish. They turned in suspected Christians to the Roman authorities in a practice known as Penna. • To be a Christian in Smyrna & the Empire meant poverty, & persecution and even death in public on display by the most vile and shameful ways imaginable. ➢ 2:12-17 Pergamum • Lesson for us: Do not compromise GOD’S Word. • Pergamum was the Roman capitol of Asia. As such many of the Roman elite actually resided there when not in Rome itself. • Pergamum was full of every vice and sin Rome had to offer. ➢ 2: 18-28 Thyatira • Lesson for us: To reject false teachings & pagan practices. -
Introduction to the Seven Churches of Revelation Web Site
Introduction to the Seven Churches of Revelation My interest in the Seven Churches of Revelation was stimulated by two visits I made to the seven sites a few years ago. I realised that I was visiting a country where the Early Church first grew in importance until it spread throughout the world. The names of some of these churches and others around them appear frequently in the Scriptures. In the New Testament the seven Churches in Revelation are shown on the map below as a loop of cities in the Western part of Turkey (known in the Bible as Asia Minor). Patmos where the Apostle John was banished to is seen below the island of Samos. On the mainland Ephesus is seen above Miletus on the coast and travelling Northwards is Smyrna (now Izmir) then up to Pergamum then down to Thyatira and Sardis then across to Philadelphia then down through Hierapolis to Laodicea. Each of the seven churches are marked with a + sign. - Of the seven Chruches of Revelation Ephesus is mentioned seventeen times in the New Testament including an Epistle written to those living in the area. and is overwhelmingly the most quoted city in Asia. Paul visited there on both his second and third missionary journeys. The other Churches are mentioned briefly and mainly in the Book of Acts and Revelation. Smyrna is mentioned twice, Pergamum (Pergamos) twice, Thyatira four times, Sardis three times, Philadelphia twice, Laodicea five times. Hierapolis once, Miletus three times, Acts Local tradition emanating from the Greek Orthodox Church states that the Apostle John went to Ephesus together with the Virgin Mary to oversee the seven Churches in the Western part of Turkey. -
Archaeology and History of Lydia from the Early Lydian Period to Late Antiquity (8Th Century B.C.-6Th Century A.D.)
Dokuz Eylül University – DEU The Research Center for the Archaeology of Western Anatolia – EKVAM Colloquia Anatolica et Aegaea Congressus internationales Smyrnenses IX Archaeology and history of Lydia from the early Lydian period to late antiquity (8th century B.C.-6th century A.D.). An international symposium May 17-18, 2017 / Izmir, Turkey ABSTRACTS Edited by Ergün Laflı Gülseren Kan Şahin Last Update: 21/04/2017. Izmir, May 2017 Websites: https://independent.academia.edu/TheLydiaSymposium https://www.researchgate.net/profile/The_Lydia_Symposium 1 This symposium has been dedicated to Roberto Gusmani (1935-2009) and Peter Herrmann (1927-2002) due to their pioneering works on the archaeology and history of ancient Lydia. Fig. 1: Map of Lydia and neighbouring areas in western Asia Minor (S. Patacı, 2017). 2 Table of contents Ergün Laflı, An introduction to Lydian studies: Editorial remarks to the abstract booklet of the Lydia Symposium....................................................................................................................................................8-9. Nihal Akıllı, Protohistorical excavations at Hastane Höyük in Akhisar………………………………10. Sedat Akkurnaz, New examples of Archaic architectural terracottas from Lydia………………………..11. Gülseren Alkış Yazıcı, Some remarks on the ancient religions of Lydia……………………………….12. Elif Alten, Revolt of Achaeus against Antiochus III the Great and the siege of Sardis, based on classical textual, epigraphic and numismatic evidence………………………………………………………………....13. Gaetano Arena, Heleis: A chief doctor in Roman Lydia…….……………………………………....14. Ilias N. Arnaoutoglou, Κοινὸν, συμβίωσις: Associations in Hellenistic and Roman Lydia……….……..15. Eirini Artemi, The role of Ephesus in the late antiquity from the period of Diocletian to A.D. 449, the “Robber Synod”.……………………………………………………………………….………...16. Natalia S. Astashova, Anatolian pottery from Panticapaeum…………………………………….17-18. Ayşegül Aykurt, Minoan presence in western Anatolia……………………………………………...19. -
ROUTES and COMMUNICATIONS in LATE ROMAN and BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (Ca
ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY TÜLİN KAYA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF SETTLEMENT ARCHAEOLOGY JULY 2020 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Yaşar KONDAKÇI Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Prof. Dr. D. Burcu ERCİYAS Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Suna GÜVEN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ufuk SERİN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayşe F. EROL (Hacı Bayram Veli Uni., Arkeoloji) Assist. Prof. Dr. Emine SÖKMEN (Hitit Uni., Arkeoloji) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Tülin Kaya Signature : iii ABSTRACT ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) Kaya, Tülin Ph.D., Department of Settlement Archaeology Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr. -
The Pairing of Barbarian and Scythian in Col 3:11 Poses Difficult Exegetical Problems
THE SCYTHIAN PERSPECTIVE IN COL 3:11 by TROY MARTIN Chicago The pairing of barbarian and Scythian in Col 3:11 poses difficult exegetical problems. Each of the other pairs in this verse describe mutually exclusive categories such as Greek/Jew, circum- cised/uncircumcised, and slave/free In the opinion of many exegetes, the categories of barbarian and Scythian are not mutually exclusive but overlapping.1 In Greco-Roman literature, Scythians are either hailed as the noblest or the most backward of barbarians.2 In either assessment, the term Scythian belongs to the category of barbarian according to the dominant usage of the terms from a Greek perspective. 1 Petr Pokorny concludes, "The next couple of terms is not an antithesis but an escalation barbarian-Scythian" (Colossians [Peabody, MA Hendrickson, 1991] 170) Peter Τ O'Brien observes, "The list of terms overlaps somewhat 'Barbarian' and 'Scythian' are not contrasted like 'Greek' and 'Jew,' or 'bond man' and 'freeman ' Rather, they stand over against 'Greek' when the latter is used in its cultural sense" (Colossians, Philemon [Word Biblical Commentary 44, Waco Word, 1982] 193) 2 The positive assessment of Scythians considers them to be a simple, nomadic people living apart from the ills that afflicted Greco-Roman civilization Strabo says, "In fact, even now there are Wagon-dwellers and Nomads, so called, who life off their herds, and on milk and cheese and know nothing about storing up food or about peddling merchandise either, except the exchange of wares for wares How, then, could the -
And He Came to Derbe and Lystra. and Behold, A
16[1] And he came to Derbe and Lystra. And behold, a certain disciple was there named Timothy,1 son of a certain Jewish woman of faith, and the father was Greek, [2] who was testified about by the brethren in Lystra and Iconium. [3] The Paul wanted to have this one go out with him. And taking, he circumcised him, because of the Jews who were in that place. For they all knew his father that he was a Greek. [4] And as they were going through the cities, they were delivering over to them the decrees2 to keep that had been judged3 by the apostles and the elders who were in Jerusalem. [5] So then, the assemblies were strengthened in the faith and increased in number daily. [6] And passing through the Phrygia and the Galatia4 country, being forbidden by the holy spirit to speak the word in the Asia, [7] coming to the Mysia,5 they tried to go to the Bithynia,6 and the spirit did not permit them. [8] And passing by the Mysia, they went down unto Troas.7 [9] And a vision through the night appeared to the Paul. A certain Macedonian8 man was standing urging him and saying, “Come over to Macedonia. Help us.” [10] And when he saw the vision, immediately we sought to go out unto the Macedonia, concluding that the Lord had called us to preach them good news. [11] Therefore, sailing from Troas, we ran a straight course unto Samothrace,9 and after that unto Neapolis,10 [12] and from there unto Philippi,11 which is a prominent city of that part of Macedonia, a colony.12 And we were continuing in that city some days. -
THE SEVEN CHURCHES of REVELATION Ephesus Smyrna
THE SEVEN CHURCHES OF REVELATION by Scripture Text* Ephesus Smyrna Pergamum Thyatira Sardis Philadelphia Laodicea 2:1-7 2:8-11 2:12-17 2:18-29 3:1-6 3:7-13 3:14-22 Command To the angel of the church "And to the angel of the "And to the angel of the "And to the angel of the "To the angel of the church "And to the angel of the To the angel of the church in Ephesus write: church in Smyrna write: church in Pergamum write: church in Thyatira write: in Sardis write: church in Philadelphia in Laodicea write: write: The One who holds the The first and the last, who The One who has the sharp The Son of God, who has He who has the seven He who is holy, who is true, The Amen, the faithful and seven stars in His right was dead, and has come to two-edged sword says this: eyes like a flame of fire, Spirits of God and the who has the key of David, true Witness, the Beginning hand, the One who walks life, says this: and His feet are like seven stars, says this: who opens and no one will of the creation of God, says among the seven golden burnished bronze, says shut, and who shuts and no this: lampstands, says this: this: one opens, says this: 'I know your deeds and 'I know your tribulation and 'I know where you dwell, 'I know your deeds, and 'I know your deeds. Behold, Commendation your toil and perseverance, your poverty (but you are where Satan's throne is; your love and faith and none I have put before you an none and that you cannot tolerate rich), and the blasphemy by and you hold fast My name, service and perseverance, open door which no one evil men, and you put to the those who say they are and did not deny My faith and that your deeds of late can shut, because you test those who call Jews and are not, but are a even in the days of Antipas, are greater than at first. -
In the Footsteps of Paul Turkey, Greece & Patmos
IN THE FOOTSTEPS OF PAUL TURKEY, GREECE & PATMOS May 23-June 9, 2021 Tour Host: Dr. Carl Rasmussen organized by In the Footsteps of Paul: Turkey and Greece / May 23-June 9, 2021 IN THE STEPS OF PAUL TURKEY, GREECE & PATMOS Dr. Carl Rasmussen, Ph.D, Emeritus Professor of Old Testament, Bethel University www.HolyLandPhotos.org Carl & Mary Rasmussen Laodicea, Turkey Greetings! The following is the handcrafted itinerary of the trip that Mary May 27 Thu Colossae, Laodicea, Hierapolis — ON Pamukkale and I are leading in response to those who have asked us to put together Morning drive to the unexcavated site of Colossae. Then continue on to visit a “not for credit” study tour. I will be giving mini-lectures along the way both on nearby Laodicea. The Christians of Laodicea, one of the Seven Churches (Rev the bus and on the sites, drawing from my studies and from the 26 trips that we 3:14-22), were chastised for being lukewarm, “You are neither cold nor hot” (Rev. have led to Turkey and Greece. We will relate what we are seeing to the New 3:14) and for being too comfortable incorporating pagan and Christian beliefs. In Testament and the Early Christian Church. Thus, it is not a mere tour, but a hands the famous passage from Revelation (3:20-21), Jesus says to the Laodicean church: on experience as we study the New Testament and its Greco Roman background “Behold, I stand at the door and knock...” Today, there are many acres of ruins to together! see, including theaters, a temple, nymphaeum, and columned streets. -
Revelation Chapter 2 Letters to the Churches at Ephesus, Smyrna, Pergamum, and Thyatira
REVELATION CHAPTER 2 LETTERS TO THE CHURCHES AT EPHESUS, SMYRNA, PERGAMUM, AND THYATIRA SUMMARY OF REVELATION CHAPTER 2 In Revelation chapter 2 Jesus tells the church at Ephesus they have persevered and endured hardships for His name. Yet Jesus holds this against them: They had forsaken the love they had at first. Jesus says if they do not repent, He will come and remove their lampstand from its place. But they have this in their favor: Ephesus hates the practices of the Nicolaitans, which Jesus also hates. Jesus tells the church in Smyrna that He knows their afflictions and poverty—yet Jesus tells them they are rich! Jesus tells them not be afraid of what they are about to suffer. Jesus tells the church in Pergamum He knows where Satan has his throne. Yet they remain true to His name. There are some there hold the teaching of Balaam, who enticed the Israelites to sin. At Pergamon also those who hold to the teaching of the Nicolaitans. Jesus says: “Repent!” THE GREAT ALTAR OF ZEUS AT PERGAMON Jesus tells the church in Thyatira He know their deeds, they have love and faith, service and perseverance, and they are now doing more than at first. But Jesus tells them not to tolerate the woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophet. With her teaching she misleads His servants into sexual immorality and the eating of food sacrificed to idols. 1 © 2020 Revelation Now, Ltd THE CHURCH AT EPHESUS: REVELATION 2:1 T0 2:7 Ephesus was an ancient Greek city on the coast of Ionia, just one mile from present-day Selçuk in İzmir Province, western Turkey. -
A Study of Colossians
A Study of Colossians INTRODUCTION Do the heavenly bodies have any influence over our lives? The millions of people who consult their horoscopes each day would say, “Yes!” In the United States, there are about 1,750 daily newspapers, and 1,220 of them carry astrological data! Is there any relationship between diet and spiritual living? Does God speak to us immediately, in our minds, or only through His Word, the Bible? Do the Eastern religions have something to offer Christians today? These questions sound very contemporary. Yet they are the very issues Paul dealt with in his magnificent Epistle to the Colossians. We need this important letter today just as they needed it back in A.D. 60 when Paul wrote it. The City Take a look at your maps and notice the location of two other cities near Colossae. They were ________________ and _________________________. (4:13, 16) The city of Colossae was located on a trade route from east to west. Notice on your map the route that Paul took from Antioch of Pisidia to Ephesus. What cities did he pass through? _________________ and ______________________ The Church How did Paul know about the church in Colossae? (1:4, 9) He had __________ of their ________ How did the church begin? (1:7, Acts 19:10, Philemon 19)___________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ Where did it meet? (Philemon 2) ___________________________ house. The Crisis Who informed Paul of the crisis? (1:7) ____________________________ What were the four causes of the crisis facing the church in Colossae? 1. __________________ 2. _______________________ 3. ________________________ 4.______________________ The Correspondence How did Paul send the letter to Colossae and who did he send it with? (4:7-9, 12-13, Eph. -
IN PAUL's FOOTSTEPS in TURKEY September 18
Tutku Travel Programs Endorsed by Biblical Archaeology Society IN PAUL’S FOOTSTEPS IN TURKEY September 18 - October 3, 2021 Tour Host: Dr. Meg Ramey organized by In Paul’s Footsteps in Turkey / September 18 - October 3, 2021 Laodicea Perga IN PAUL’S FOOTSTEPS IN TURKEY Dr. Meg Ramey, Ph.D., Founder and Executive Director of WorldKind Sept 22 Wed Iconium – Sille – Lystra – Konya The apostle Paul is believed to be the second-most influential figure You will first visit the ancient acropolis of Iconium in Konya’s city center. You in the formation of Christianity after Jesus himself. Asia Minor, or then visit the archaeological museum and its important inscriptions mentioning Anatolia, is where many of the events associated with Paul’s life Iconium, Lystra, and Derbe. Next you will visit St. Helena’s Church at Sille. In and ministry took place. Paul was a native of Tarsus in Cilicia, one of our stops. the afternoon you will visit ancient Lystra, the home of Timothy, visted by Paul From Antioch to Troas we will follow the routes traveled during his journeys on his three journeys. In Hatunsaray you will see the small open-air museum of by land and sea. We will even see some of the Roman roads upon which he antiquities from Lystra. Return to Konya for dinner and overnight. (B,D) walked. At each site we will explore the archaeological realia still remaining; in Sept 23 Thu Pisidian Antioch – Antalya museums we will encounter the artefacts that the apostle saw and You will depart early for Yalvaç, the site of the Roman colony of Pisidian Antioch.