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A Guide to Fruska Gora Monasteries

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A Guide to Fruska Gora Monasteries A Privina Glava A B Divša (Đipša) C Kuveždin Guide D Petkovica E Šišatovac to F Bešenovo G Mala Remeta H Jazak Fruska Gora I Vrdnik - Ravanica J Beočin Monasteries K Rakovac L Novo Hopovo M Staro Hopovo N Grgeteg www.sajkaca.blogspot.com O Velika Remeta P Krušedol J K B M O A C I N D E H L P G F ! " Background# Serbo-Byzantine Style ! " $ % & '# This is the typical style of church architecture developed in the # ( late 13th century combining Byzantine and Raskan influences ) * to form a new church style. By the end of 13th and in the first + , half of 14th century the Serbian state enlarged over Mace- donia, Epirus and Thessaly up to the Aegean Sea. On these -'& new territories Serbian art was even more influenced by the () Byzantine art tradition. & A typical Serbo-Byzantine church has a rectangular found- . / ation, with a major dome in the center with smaller domes & ) http://www.trekearth.com/gallery/Europe/Serbia/North/Vojvodina/Krusedol/photo423877.htm around the center one. The inside of the church is covered 01 & ' & 02 ( with frescos that illustrate various biblical stories and portrays +3 1 4)$ Serbian saints. 1 4 566++ & 7 & / & & $ & & SREMSKI KARLOVCI Morava school The Morava School or Moravska School (Serbian Cyrillic: Моравска школа) entails the establishments of architectural style in Serbia from 1370-1459. The churches and monaste- ++8 $ 9 ) & $ries were built by the rulers Lazar Hrebeljanović (1370–1389), 8Stefan Lazarević (1402–1427) !" and Đurađ Branković (1427– #"$%&'()*1456) and their nobleman. The first endowment was the ) royal tomb of Ravanica. The main achievement of the Morava School is the splendor of the sculptural elements. / - ,:,: The decorative stone plastic of the Moravska School repre- * sents one of & )'&1 4 the most original artistic achievements of me- (dieval Serbian art. Decorative elements characteristic of this / ,; artistic school typically consist of geometric arabesque with ,<$ 1stylized floral $- ornaments, which include only scarce figurative 1 & ' .*= # - $) ( details. As fragments of the plastic decoration from the almost completely destroyed Church of Saint Steven in village Milen- The little city of Sremski Karlovci is a good starting ponit tija testify, this sculpture was usually painted, and thus, very for the Fruska Gora National Park. This historic town on the vivid in effect. right bank of the Danube, is surrounded by vineyards and represents an example of integration of cultural and natural The architecture in Serbia, from about 1370 until its fall to the heritage.It‘s a picturesque little Baroque Town with interesting Ottomans in 1459, was very experimental. During this time of buildings full of historical, academical and spiritual meaning- adverse political circumstances, a remarkable flurry of building The present day historic centre of Sremski Karlovci emerged activity took place. Labeled the „Morava School“ and declared from the development of the city during the 18th, 19th and at a „national style“ by Gabriel Millet, it awaits a proper assess- the beginning of 20th century. The spontaneous development ment from aesthetic and other points of view. of an urban texture in the 18th century, when Karlovci was The katholikon of Ravanica Monastery, built in the 1370s, may the largest Serbian town in the Danube area, was based on an be considered the inaugural statement of this style, which earlier layout, as confirmed by historic sources and archaeo- drew its characteristics from Mount Athos, from Serbian ar- logical findings. Since 1713, with the transfer of the Metro- chitecture itself of the 1340s and 1350s, and from other still unclear sources. politan seat in Karlovci, building activities were characterised by rapid development. With the growth of political importance and the role of Karlovci, the need arose for a public house to The appearance of lateral apses along the flanks of the accommodate the new functions. The building activity was Ravanica church clearly suggests the growing importance supported by the intelligent and ambitious metropolitans of the Athonite monastic formula, juxtaposed here with the of Karlovci, as well as by rich traders and craftsmen, which five-domed church scheme. The most perplexing aspect of together contributed to shaping the urban image of Karlovci this architecture however are its sculptural laments, whose around the middle of the 18th century. This image of the old sheer quantity, exuberance, and variety of motifs have defied town, which was to be finally completed in the last decade of explanations. Evident on a large number of buildings, from the 19th century and in the begining of 20th century, is lar- Lazarica in Kruševac to Naupara, Rudenica, Veluce, Ljubostin- gely preserved until our times. The urban centre is organised ja, and Milentija, the style of decoration displays affinities with around the Square of Branko Radiccevica and the surrounding Armenia and Georgia, the world of Islam, and even Venice and the West. streets, encompassing buildings which have an exceptional place in the cultural history of the Serbs, due to their architec- Its persistence into the fifteenth century, on church facades tural, artistic and functional values. such as that of Kalenić Monastery (built 1413-1417), reveals the vitality of this new medium, which in its later stages began to incorporate human and animal forms, often related to mythological themes presumably drawn from manuscript illuminations. In the waning years of Serbia‘s independence, the imminent threat of Ottoman forces prompted major ef- forts in fortification architecture. Nor did this security-related phenomenon bypass religious settings. The Manasija (Resava) Monastery in Serbia, for example, incorporates a system of massive walls, ten towers, and a huge dungeon, all built in 1407-1418. Endowed by the Serbian despot Stefan Lazarević, the strongly defended Manasija became not only his final resting place but also the last major center of cultural activity in Serbia before its fall to the Ottomans in 1459. (from Wikipedia) .0. +7"+4 ! .0. +7"+4 """ ) & " " - "" " )) $ " ) $ '-" / """ ) " " 1+ & " " - "" " " )) $ " $"-! ") $ '-" / - ""7 " " 1+ - " " $"- $"-! ""177 57 - $"$ -" - ""7 +61 - " $" 8 9 "955- $"- " !# $ """ ""177 57 - %&& '(&) * ! " $ $"$ -" &+ " +61 "" $" ", $ )(-&&. && &&$# $ + $" 8 9 "955- )-) $ """ " $" " /#' 01)(2(13& 145 1 " $ . 1'& 0( &!+ " "" $" About the monasteries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sajkaca.blogspot.ch $" http://sajkaca.blogspot.ch/2012/04/jazak-monastery-in-fruska-gora.html /% ' ' # " % Jazak ! Monastery in Fruska Gora "# !"!!# !$ I """ "# %% % Saint Stefan Uroš V Nejaki H * " „The Weak“(1336 – 1371) + ) % -4 " of the House of Nemanjić %% was king of the Serbian #%% # $!!%!!! ! " Now that the travel season isEmpire about (1346–1355) to start, I as co-regent of his father " % !!!!# ) want to complete the post-series : about the Stefan Uroš IV Dušan Silni #% 4545 $!&! !!!!' " ) beautiful monasteries of the Fruska(„The Mighty“) Gora and (the then " % + !!!!!( % ", -"only mount of the extended flatEmperor Vojvodina (tsar) (1355– region 1371). Stefan Uroš V is 0'- #%) !!# !$!% !! ! " -in the National Park of Fruskaburried Gora in whichJazak Monastery. is 9 # %% ! %!!* !+ """ # -also a well known tourist destination). The links % !!!!!!! "") $ to the first 3 monasteries of the series (Velika %'%+ ( /!& ! ,!( Remeta, Novo Hapovo and Krusedol) are on -,!. ,!/0 ! %% the bottom " " of this post. 5136- ) 1 *!!!! !!7% / )) $Among the 16 monasteries of the Fruska Gora %#%* / ) " " "-" " /%% %+ Jazakarea, thereMonastery is one thatis well-known is well-known as as thean ar- -/ $"-" architectural jewel: The Jazak Monastery "++7 - -" " ) % 7/ chitectural jewel of the Fruska Gora area. !"#"$!%&'!() #/ $ $& $ (Манастир Јазак). ;(" "- '%% / / * /% #2 " ((" 0 3' 4 """ ) & ") &-" :; %;77/ %%% % % " The post Byzantine churche with Moravian +! !",!% +1 " " % '%; %;77
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