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Strategy for South Asia See page 7 August-September 2014 Volume 9 No. 4 `100.00 (India-Based Buyer Only) Indispensable Reference Yearbook Milita SP’s SP’s 2014- Military r y Yearbook 2015 since 1965 42nd isSUE 2015 2014 - www.spsmilitaryyearbook.com Finmeccanica and India: www.spsnavalforces.com in the spirit of partnership. ROUNDUP SP's MYB 1415 ADVERT.indd 1 07/05/14 2:46 PM 42nd isSUE 42nd THE ONLY NAVAL MAGAZINE FOR NAVIES ACROSS ASIA-PACIFIC PAGE 4 EDITOR-in-chief Price: Inland Rs 8,275.00; JAYant bARANWAL COVER STORY Foreign (Surface Mail): Stg. £ 436.00; US$ 776.00 NavalSP military yearbook 110x181_11.indd 1 Combat Management27/06/12 10.39 SP's MYB Cover 2014-2015_Final.indd 1 heritage_220-275_2013-10-11.indd 1 11/10/13 10:36 Systems 18/04/14 11:12 AM Naval Combat Management System is a software-intensive system which has to be flexible enough to operate in a complex naval battle environment Lt General Naresh Chand (Retd) China’s Maritime PAGE 6 Breaking New Grounds in Indigenous Warship Building Strategy for South Asia The idea of Maritime Silk Road was to increase maritime cooperation between China and the ASEAN countries and would involve diplomacy and economic development GRAPHIC: Sonu S. Bisht “INS Kolkata is a floating technology marvel. It will provide security to those who use the sea route to carry out trade activities.” CHINA —Prime Minister Narendra Modi IRAN Rear Admiral Sushil Ramsay (Retd) PAKISTAN PAGE 8 Helicopter Voids Hit Navy’s Operations BANGLADESH Modern multi-role helicopters operate nearly autonomously in reconnaissance, ASW, anti- OMAN INDIA MYANMAR shipping, transport, SAR and logistic roles Lt General Naresh Chand (Retd) PAGE 10 YEMEN THAILAND Maritime Domain Awareness and Security Imperatives In 1982, the Common Heritage of Mankind concept was stated to relate to “the seabed and ocean floor and subsoil thereof, beyond SOMALIA the limits of national jurisdiction” under SRI LANKA Article 136 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea Treaty MALAYSIA Rear Admiral Sushil Ramsay (Retd) MALDIVES PAGE 11 KENYA SINGAPORE Formidable Weapons of the CHINA’S STRING OF PEARLS INDONESIA Submarines Submarines also lay mines clandestinely AND MARITIME SILK Road Map not to scale in enemy harbours ‘as wait and strike’ weapons Rear Admiral Dr S. Kulshrestha (Retd) n LT GENERAL NARESH CHAND (RETD) their commercial and energy interests time cooperation between China and the PLUS but this statement is questioned by many ASEAN countries and would involve diplo- N THE RECENT PAST China’s mari- as the network also includes building macy and economic development. Reenergising Malabar 12 time strategy was based on a network of naval infrastructure. No doubt that Ranjeet Kumar of ports in relation to its sea lines of Chinese SLOC runs through many choke The String of Pearls communication (SLOC) which was points like the Straits of Mandeb, Malacca, The String of Pearls concept is a direct SP’s Exclusives referred to as, ‘The String of Pearls’. Hormuz and the Lombok Strait, some of result of China’s stupendous economic IThis name originated from a US Govern- being infested with terrorists and pirates. growth and requirement of energy to sus- BREAKING NEWS Major Projects Cleared 14 ment report on energy and is now com- India gets touchy as the network includes tain this growth. To sustain the momen- monly used in India to refer to China’s Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Maldives tum of its economic growth, China is grand maritime design to encircle India. and Somalia which literally encircles and increasing its geopolitical influence to all News in Brief 14 However, this is vehemently denied by brings closer China’s maritime might. regions of its interest to access ports and China in every relevant forum including There is also a buzz going around the airfields, modernise its military power to in the recent seminar conducted by the concept of “Maritime Silk Road” which match its global interests and inculcate National Maritime Foundation on “Evolv- first emerged during an address to the stronger diplomatic relations with its trad- ing Dynamics of the Indian Ocean”. China Indonesian Parliament by President Xi ing partners and allies. China has history has clarified that this network from Port Jinping’s in October 2013. The idea of of expanding its maritime influence. In the APPLIED FOR Sudan to Mainland China is only to guard Maritime Silk Road was to increase mari- recent past starting with the South China 4/2014 1 COVER STORY This issue of SP’s Naval Forces the country’s new aircraft car- eration between China and requirement of the Indian Coast coincides with NDA Govern- rier, INS Vikramaditya to the the ASEAN countries to bring Guard is added then the figures ment completing 100 days in nation on June 14 and spend- peace and prosperity by build- become quite large thus a global power with some positive devel- ing a day onboard to witness ing ports and improve maritime review on the subject. This issue opments like increase of FDI in the Navy’s preparedness for connectivity in the region. China ends with the usual News in defence to 49 per cent; indica- operations. There have been has announced in May 2014 Brief and appointments. tions of diminishing the ‘Black other events like commission- a fund of about $1.6 billion for Wish you all discerning List’ culture; taking stock of the ing of the indigenously designed the purpose. With the ‘String of readers ‘happy reading’. strategic, operational and mod- and constructed Kolkata class Pearls’ concept already in force, ernisation needs of the armed guided missile destroyers (INS it was necessary to review Chi- forces and so on. However, it is Kolkata) by Prime Minister Modi na’s maritime strategy and its too early to really come to a con- on August 16 and commission- shadow on India, with the back- clusion as it will take some effort ing of the first indigenously- drop of ‘Maritime Silk Road’. to remove the decade-long leg- built stealth anti-submarine Navy requires utility and EDITORIAL acy of ‘dithering decision mak- warfare corvette, INS Kamorta multi-role helicopters and the ing’ of the UPA Government. on August 23 by the Defence large voids exist which effect its We at SP Guide Publica- Minister Arun Jaitley. Details of operational efficiency thus an tions wish the Government suc- these are given in this issue. article on the subject is included cess in all its future endeavours. The announcement of the in this issue. For the Indian Navy, NDA’s ‘Maritime Silk Road’ by Chi- The Navy has over 40 ships tenure started with showcasing na’s President Xi Jinping dur- under construction and all of their might with the Prime Min- ing October 2013, which called them need Naval Combat Man- JAYANT BARANWAL ister Narendra Modi dedicating for increased maritime coop- agement Systems. To this if the Publisher & Editor-in-Chief PHOTOGRAPH: Wikipedia Sea in the 1970s, it has progressed to East on their way to Pakistan or for anti-piracy China Sea, Near Sea around Japan and West- Gwadar Port in Pakistan operations in the Gulf of Aden. ern Pacific region, North Pacific Ocean and Colombo Port. China is developing the Indian Ocean. It is also increasing its a shipping hub just 320 km from India’s maritime power by acquiring superior oper- southern-most tip by expanding and mod- ational capability, acquiring tools for stra- ernising Colombo Port which is old and tegic deterrence, developing counter-attack congested. Towards this end China is build- capability, planning for Anti-Access/ Anti- ing a new container terminal called the Denial capability, etc. The Chinese Govern- Colombo South Container Terminal (CSCT) ment insists that its maritime expansion is which is being built by the Colombo Inter- purely for peaceful purposes and protec- national Container Terminals Ltd. (CICT). tion of its trade. However, countries like CICT is a joint venture company between India, Japan and Vietnam who have ter- China Merchants Holdings (International) ritorial disputes with China, see red when Co. Ltd., (CMHI with 85 per cent ownership) foreign ports near them are being devel- and the Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA oped by China and are not convinced that with 15 per cent ownership). CSCT has a they are purely for commercial operations. planned capacity of 2.4 million twenty-foot Examples are ports around India like Gwa- equivalent unit (TEU) and operates under dar in Pakistan, Colombo and Hambantota a 35-year build, operate, and transfer in Sri Lanka, Chittagong in Bangladesh and agreement. The construction commenced ports/naval facilities in Mynamar which are in December 2011, with the first phase obviously meant to contain India. became operational for traffic on August 8, 2013. The CSCT is likely to be operational Pakistan in 2014. The Port of Colombo has a current Gwadar Port. Gwadar is strategically capacity of over 4.5 million TEUs, which located between three important regions of will increase by another 7.2 million TEUs the world to include oil-rich Western Asia in three separate phases. This will make (located on the Gulf of Oman and close Colombo Port one of the world’s 20 larg- to the mouth of the Persian Gulf), heavily est container ports in the world. Colombo populated South Asia and the economi- is a “trans-shipment” hub for India as 13 cally emerging and resource-rich Central per cent of India’s container traffic travels Asia. The deep-sea Gwadar Port is seen as by China. China has invested $198 million the visit of Sri Lanka’s Minister of External via Colombo.
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