A Profile of the Health & Well-Being of Glasgow
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A Profile of the Health & Well-being of Glasgow Glasgow’s Healthier Future Forum 30th November 2005 Preface This document has been created as an accompaniment to a presentation at the 2nd Glasgow’s Healthier Future Forum (organised by the Glasgow Centre for Population Health (GCPH)) on November 30th, 2005. The data will be presented by David Walsh and Bruce Whyte of NHS Health Scotland as part of an ongoing collaboration with GCPH. The presentation - and accompanying report - incorporates a small subset of a much broader collection of data which will be published in early 2006 as part of a descriptive report on the health and well-being of Glasgow and the West of Scotland. The data included within these pages, therefore, are not intended to be - and indeed could not be - comprehensive. They are merely illustrative examples of Glasgow’s health. The theme of the presentation is an analysis of those health and well-being related factors in Glasgow which are improving, those which are worsening, and those which are proving resistant to change. Within that theme, the data are presented within the following ten topics relevant to health: the historical context, population dynamics, the economy, the social environment, the physical environment, behaviour, pregnancy & childbirth, children’s health, health & function, and illness & disease. An additional handful of charts showing projections for a few key health related indicators are also included. Note: a number of the charts presented here are derived from analysis of the 2004 Community Health & Well-being Profiles produced by NHS Health Scotland. In these cases the data are presented at two geographical levels: ‘community’ (primary care-based localities with populations ranging from 20,000-140,000 people) and postcode sector (small areas with populations of around 3,000-5,000 on average). In both sets of charts, areas within Glasgow are shaded dark red and those elsewhere in the West of Scotland are shaded light blue. A table of notes, definitions and sources is included at the back of this document (together with a list of abbreviations used). Further details of any of the data presented are available from David Walsh (email: [email protected]; tel: 0141 300 1015) or Bruce Whyte (email: [email protected]; tel: 0141 300 1016). 3 1a. HISTORICAL CONTEXT/POPULATION DYNAMICS – Births and deaths Glasgow's Population; 1801-2004 Infant Deaths (under 1 year) per 1,000 births in Glasgow; 1855 - 2004 Source: Reports of Medical Officer of Health (1898, 1925,1926,1972); Source: Reports of Medical Officer of Health (1898, 1925,1926,1972); Registrar General of Scotland's Annual Reports (1973-2004) Registrar General of Scotland's Annual Reports (1973-2004) 250 1,200,000 196 1,000,000 200 hs t 800,000 150 1,000 bir 600,000 eaths per 100 Estimated Population 400,000 Infant D Local Gov Unitary Major city Districts Councils 50 extensions 200,000 introduced introduced 7.1 0 0 3 7 3 1 5 9 55 79 91 15 39 43 67 03 883 907 971 995 1801 1811 1821 1831 1841 1851 1861 1871 1881 1891 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 18 1859 186 1867 1871 1875 18 1 188 18 1895 1899 1903 1 1911 19 1919 192 1927 1931 1935 19 19 1947 195 1955 1959 1963 19 1 197 1979 1983 1987 1991 1 199 20 Deaths and Births per 1,000 population in Glasgow; 1855 - 2004 Source: Reports of Medical Officer of Health (1898, 1925,1926,1972); Summary points Registrar General of Scotland's Annual Reports (1973-2004) 45 • The population trend for Glasgow can be characterised 40 by three key phases: extraordinary population growth 35 from 1800 until the 1930s, a brief period of stability in 30 the 1940s and then decline over last 60 years. 25 • The dramatic reduction in the infant mortality rate 20 underlines the huge improvements in health protection, 15 Deaths per 1,000 population medical care, nutrition, sanitation and housing that have 10 been achieved over the last 150 years. Births per 1,000 population 5 Deaths per 1,000 population • The death rate now exceeds the birth rate, and without 0 inward migration the population will continue to fall. 5 0 5 0 5 5 0 0 5 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 6 6 7 7 80 85 90 9 0 05 1 1 20 25 30 3 4 4 5 5 60 65 7 7 8 8 9 95 00 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 18 1 1 18 1 1 18 18 18 1 1 19 1 1 19 19 19 1 19 1 1 1 19 19 1 1 19 1 1 20 4 1b. HISTORICAL CONTEXT/PO 45 40 n io at 35 30 000 popul 25 S 1, ourc 20 20 hs per .6 e Deat eat 15 : Report D 10 h ra of tes 5 t h e Medical in Of 0 8. 3 G lasg Glasgow o w fi 's Sa Kelvinside ce r of PULATION DYNAMICS – Health inequali Langside and Mount Florida Hea ni Crosshill tar l y Hillhead th of Di Pollokshields West and Bellahouston t str h e Pollokshields and Strathbungo Ci ic ts; Govanhill ty of 190 Kelvinhaugh and Sandyford Gl 1 Blythswood as gow 16 Possilpark and Barnhill 00 1 Monteith Row 901 14 00 Woodside 12 Maryhill 00 Bellgrove and Dennsitoun 10 00 D Exchange Gl eat asgow 80 h Kingston 0 rat Springburn and Rockvilla 60 e 0 & s pe S Hutcheson Square o West 40 u r Greenhead and London Road 0 rce 100,0 : of St Andrew Square 20 NHS 0 S c 00 po St Rollox HS ot 35 - Laurieston 40 0 0 land Com pul .4 Anderston small m at Scotland un ion, Barrowfield it y areas Bridgegate and Wynds Hea di Kilmacolm re Gorbals lt ct h l P w y Calton Bearsden - Kessington r it ag of h E o q e 120 ile e st St n ch S uar 10 h 0 Clarkston s, High St and Closes East 20 i and 04 ( gh High St and Closes West 100 ties 1901 and 2001 est a 0 Carmunnock f r ro d Port Dundas m GRO( and ised D Cowcaddens 800 eat Cathcart ; 10 l 20 Brownfield h rat S o 00- 600 Milngavie - Keystone; Dougalston ) dat w es p e 2 a st 002 S ) o e Milngavie - Barloch r 400 u r a rce 100, te West s : NHS 000 p Houston 200 428 HS of - S opu Croftfoot; Linn Park Com c ot 0 lan lat m i Eaglesham un d on it an Scotland y , d Hea Ibrox d G irect Anniesland/Bearsden/Milngavie lt l h asg ly Parkhead N Eastwood P ag rof ow ile e st 147 East Kilbride s, comm Fullarton and 5 20 Strathkelvin 04 ( u a Ferguslie Park f n rdise Clydesdale ro it m GRO(ies S d Townhead ; ummar South Ayrshire 2000- S • Cumbernauld ) dat Ruchill 2002; a Renfrew & West Renfrewshire ) Hamiltonhill Inequalities in death rates Lomond Kinning Park S In 1901 t y points North Ayrshire Dalmarnock rates across Glasgow’s sanitary East Ayrshire Greater Shawlands Calton • deaths were among children under 5. Hamilton 100 years later, whileh death ra Cambuslang and Rutherglen age stand ere was a five-fold Glasgow West End South East Glasgow Dennistoun is still m Wishaw • Anniesland, Bearsden and Milngavie. Motherwell 965 At a s Clydebank & Drumchapel a Inverclyde four-fold variation in therdised m m Airdrie & Coatbridge m across the city are not new.Paisley and Levern Valley al Eastern Glasgow ler area level - postcode secto variation in crude death South West Glasgow Maryhill/Woodside & N Glasgow o rtality rate in dist Bridgeton & Dennistoun o tes are greatly reduced, the re ricts a than double the rate in nd 40% of all o rtality rate. Bridgeton an rs - there is d a 5 1c. HISTORICAL CONTEXT/POPULATION DYNAMICS – Life expectancy Expected future years of life at birth by gender for Glasgow; 1821-27 to 2001-03 Male Life Expectancy at Birth (years); West of Scotland Council Areas vs. Scotland; Source: The Report of the Medical Officer for Health, Glasgow, 1925; ONS 2004 1991-1993 to 2001-2003 Source: Office for National Statistics 90 78 80 76.4 76 70 69.1 74 60 Gap between 52.2 best & worse = 8.1 years 50 72 Gap 48.4 between 37.7 best & worse 40 = 6.5 years 36.6 32.6 Life Expectancy at birth 70 34.1 35.2 30 30.9 Expected future years of life at birth 68 20 Males Females 10 66 1991-1993 1992-1994 1993-1995 1994-1996 1995-1997 1996-1998 1997-1999 1998-2000 1999-2001 2000-2002 2001-2003 0 Council 1821-27 1870-72 1881-90 1920-22 2001-2003 Scotland Glasgow City East Renfrewshire East Dunbartonshire Life Expectancy vs Healthy Life Expectancy* at Birth, Males , 1999-2000 Source: ISD Scotland Summary points 80 • Life expectancy for both men and women has doubled 70 19.7 17.6 over the last 100 years. 19.2 20.2 17.8 20.8 19.2 60 25.8 19.6 h 24.9 22.5 t 21.8 • In recent years there has been a widening in the gap in 50 40 life expectancy - particularly for men - with males in pectancy at bir x 30 58.5 53.8 52.6 53.2 53.6 53.8 56.5 East Dunbartonshire now likely to live 8 years longer 46.7 46.8 46.8 48.3 50.5 Life E 20 than their Glasgow counterparts.