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Notes on the Program By James M. Keller, Program Annotator, The Leni and Peter May Chair Cyrano de Bergerac Overture, Op. 23 Johan Wagenaar he character of Cyrano de Bergerac is well Julius Röntgen (1855–1932), a founder of the Tknown through numerous works of stage Amsterdam Conservatory (and a distant rel- and screen, most of which trace their ancestry ative of the Röntgen who discovered X-rays); to the play unveiled by Edmond Rostand in Bernard Zweers (1854–1924), who drank from 1897. Ostensibly based on the life of the 17th- the well of Wagnerism; Alphons Diepenbrock century French writer, military man, and (1862–1921), noted for his vocal works; and nasally imposing swashbuckler, Rostand’s Wagenaar, who was admired for his rock- verse-play riffs freely on verifiable incidents. It solid technique. Their music largely reflect- grew instantly popular after its premiere in ed Germanic ideals, although the question of Paris on December 28, 1897. Within a year Dutch identity did come up. A bit of a tempest the play also would be published in Eng- swirled when, in 1907, a newly published cul- lish, German, Italian, and Dutch translations. tural history of the Netherlands stated that When Johan Wagenaar memorialized this Dutch music lacked any national character. tale in music in 1905, he was already recog- Wagenaar published a rebuttal, arguing that nized as a leading light among Dutch com- posers. After graduating in 1885 from the conservatory in his native Utrecht, he found In Short work there as a teacher and organist. He was Born: November 1, 1862, in Utrecht, named organist of the Utrecht Cathedral in the Netherlands 1888 and took over as director of the conserva- tory in 1896.
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