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D02 - State of the Art Building as a Service - BaaS Deliverable D02 - State of the Art Editor: Ingo Lück, Materna ITEA 2 Project 12011 February, 2nd 2015 D02 - State of the Art Version 1.0 Document properties Distribution Confidential Version Version 1.2 Editor Ingo Lück, Materna Authors/ Andreas Müller, TWT Contributors Martin Neubauer, TWT Svenja Borchers, TWT Marc-Oliver Pahl, Technische Universität München Benjamin Hof, Technische Universität München Christoph Niedermeier, Siemens Norbert Vicari, Siemens Michael Bahr, Siemens Darko Anicic, Siemens Sebastian Käbisch, Siemens Jelena Mitic, Siemens Nicolas Gümbel, Siemens Borja Ortiz, Everis Alejandro López, Everis Andrés Páez, Everis Miguel Díez, Everis Christophe Joubert, Prodevelop Daniel Gastón Iglesias, Prodevelop Vicente Sanjaime, Prodevelop Björn Butzin, Universität Rostosk Christoph Fiehe, Materna Jannis Müthing, Materna Niklas Röder, Materna Ingo Lück, Materna Malte Burkert, Technische Universität Dortmund Heiko Krumm, Technische Universität Dortmund Oliver Dohndorf, Technische Universität Dortmund Jürgen Maaß, Kieback&Peter ITEA2: Building as a Service - BaaS 2 D02 - State of the Art Version 1.0 Michael Christmann, Kieback&Peter Peter Michael Schmidt, Kieback&Peter GüneƔ Karabulut Kurt, Istanbul Technical University, Defne Pages 160 ITEA2: Building as a Service - BaaS 3 D02 - State of the Art Version 1.0 Abstract This document describes the State of the Art analysis of technologies, modeling- and architecture-approaches, which will be relevant for the BaaS project. Since the project schedule plans one iteration of the state of the art analysis, the deliverable D02 appears in two versions. This is the first version. It identifies, collects and analyses approaches which potentially may be of relevance for the project since they may deliver conception and solution element input to the development of the BaaS architecture, model, platform, building services and demonstrator applications. After an introduction to this document an overview over the domain of building automation describes basic concepts and current trends. It is followed by chapters dealing with base technologies, building automation data models and middleware architecture. Since the BaaS project intends to follow a model based approach this documents proceeds with two chapters about semantic modeling and domain specific modeling. Finally supporting technologies considered to be relevant for BaaS are introduced. ITEA2: Building as a Service - BaaS 4 D02 - State of the Art Version 1.0 Table of contents Document properties .............................................................................................................2 Abstract ..................................................................................................................................4 Table of contents ....................................................................................................................5 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................10 2. Building Automation Overview ....................................................................................12 2.1. Introduction ..........................................................................................................12 2.2. System Architecture and Communication Standards .............................................14 2.3. Current Trends ......................................................................................................18 3. Base Technologies .......................................................................................................19 3.1. Self-Adaptive Systems ...........................................................................................19 3.1.1. Definition .......................................................................................................19 3.1.2. Self-X Properties ............................................................................................20 3.1.3. Adaptation Loop ............................................................................................21 3.1.4. Sense-Plan-Act ...............................................................................................22 3.1.5. Collect-Analyze-Decide-Act ............................................................................22 3.1.6. Observer/Controller .......................................................................................23 3.1.7. Operator-Controller Module ..........................................................................23 3.1.8. Software Engineering .....................................................................................24 3.1.9. Control Theory ...............................................................................................24 3.1.10. Research Challenges ......................................................................................25 3.2. Data Mining for Building Automation ....................................................................26 3.2.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................26 3.2.2. Observe .........................................................................................................27 3.2.3. Analyze ..........................................................................................................27 3.2.4. Learn and apply .............................................................................................28 3.3. Device SOA ............................................................................................................29 3.3.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................29 3.3.2. Technologies ..................................................................................................30 3.3.3. Not-Device-centered SOA gateway/middleware projects ..............................32 3.3.4. Abstraction provided by JMEDS .....................................................................33 3.4. Privacy and data security.......................................................................................35 3.4.1. Data security ..................................................................................................35 3.4.2. Privacy strategies ...........................................................................................36 ITEA2: Building as a Service - BaaS 5 D02 - State of the Art Version 1.0 3.5. Secure Authorization using OAuth 2.0 ...................................................................37 3.5.1. Introduction ...................................................................................................37 3.5.2. OAuth 2.0 Architecture ..................................................................................38 3.5.3. OAuth 2.0 Standards ......................................................................................41 3.5.4. OAuth 2.0 Features ........................................................................................41 3.5.5. Relevance of OAuth for BaaS .........................................................................42 3.6. Functional Safety and Reliability in Service Systems ..............................................43 3.6.1. Metrics ..........................................................................................................43 3.6.2. Failures and Errors affecting Safety and Reliability .........................................44 3.6.3. Safety and Reliability Related Standards and Guidelines ................................44 3.6.4. Common Principles ........................................................................................45 3.6.5. Common Methods Targeting Safety and Reliability ........................................46 3.6.6. Related Work in the Building Automation Domain .........................................47 3.7. OSGi ......................................................................................................................48 3.7.1. OSGi Remote Services ....................................................................................48 3.7.2. OSGi Device Integration .................................................................................49 3.8. RESTful Web Services ............................................................................................50 3.8.1. Architectural Constraints ...............................................................................50 3.8.2. General Principal and Concept .......................................................................51 3.8.3. REST applied to Web Services ........................................................................52 3.8.4. Application Examples .....................................................................................52 3.9. Efficient XML Interchange (EXI) .............................................................................52 3.9.1. Relevance of EXI for BaaS ...............................................................................54 3.10. Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) ..............................................................54 3.10.1. Relevance of CoAP for BaaS ...........................................................................56 4. Building Automation Data Models ...............................................................................57 4.1. BACnet ..................................................................................................................57
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