The Relation Between Disorder and Libertas in Tacitus Nikolas Churik, 2015
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A Case Study of the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest and the Kalkriese Archaeological Site
The Culture of Memory and the Role of Archaeology: A Case Study of the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest and the Kalkriese Archaeological Site Laurel Fricker A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of BACHELOR OF ARTS WITH HONORS DEPARTMENT OF GERMANIC LANGUAGES AND LITERATURES UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN April 18, 2017 Advised by Professor Julia Hell and Associate Professor Kerstin Barndt 1 Table of Contents Dedication and Thanks 4 Introduction 6 Chapter One 18 Chapter Two 48 Chapter Three 80 Conclusion 102 The Museum and Park Kalkriese Mission Statement 106 Works Cited 108 2 3 Dedication and Thanks To my professor and advisor, Dr. Julia Hell: Thank you for teaching CLCIV 350 Classical Topics: German Culture and the Memory of Ancient Rome in the 2016 winter semester at the University of Michigan. The readings and discussions in that course, especially Heinrich von Kleist’s Die Hermannsschlacht, inspired me to research more into the figure of Hermann/Arminius. Thank you for your guidance throughout this entire process, for always asking me to think deeper, for challenging me to consider the connections between Germany, Rome, and memory work and for assisting me in finding the connection I was searching for between Arminius and archaeology. To my professor, Dr. Kerstin Barndt: It is because of you that this project even exists. Thank you for encouraging me to write this thesis, for helping me to become a better writer, scholar, and researcher, and for aiding me in securing funding to travel to the Museum and Park Kalkriese. Without your support and guidance this project would never have been written. -
A New Reading of Tacitus' Dialogus De Oratoribus
Histos 10 (2016) lxix–lxxii REVIEW A NEW READING OF TACITUS’ DIALOGUS DE ORATORIBUS Christopher S. van den Berg, The World of Tacitus’ Dialogus de Oratoribus. Aesthetics and Empire in Ancient Rome. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014. Pp. xiii + 344. Hardcover, £74.99. ISBN 978-1-107-02090-0. acitus’ Dialogus de Oratoribus has long resisted easy interpretation. This fictionalized account of a discussion in 75 CE about eloquentia and the Tdecline of oratory under the Empire is full of surprises, cruxes, and inconsistencies. Christopher van den Berg, in the first monograph in English committed solely to this work, offers a way out—or, rather, through—the many interpretive challenges of this work. He argues that we must read the dialogue in a synthetic way, attentive to how characters’ seemingly opposed viewpoints in many ways inform and complement one another, with Tacitus acting as ‘the curator of many voices rather than the sponsor of one’ (294). Recent readers of the Dialogus have been attuned to its ‘polyphonous’ charac- teristics, that is, how Tacitus places valid points into the speeches of all of the dialogue’s interlocutors, the orator-turned-poet Curiatius Maternus, the modernist Marcus Aper, and the antiquarian Vipstanus Messalla.1 This book breaks new ground by reading such ‘community of thought’ (165) across the work, with great nuance and sensitivity to the text. From this holistic manner of reading the work, V. reaches the heterodox conclusion that the Dialogus as a whole does not, in fact, argue for the decline of eloquentia or oratorical skill. After an Introduction in which he lays out his methodology by way of a close reading of Aper’s fraught words at 5.5, V. -
Latin Criticism of the Early Empire Pp
Cambridge Histories Online http://universitypublishingonline.org/cambridge/histories/ The Cambridge History of Literary Criticism Edited by George Alexander Kennedy Book DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521300063 Online ISBN: 9781139055338 Hardback ISBN: 9780521300063 Paperback ISBN: 9780521317177 Chapter 9 - Latin Criticism of the Early Empire pp. 274-296 Chapter DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/CHOL9780521300063.010 Cambridge University Press LATIN CRITICISM OF THE EARLY EMPIRE The name 'Silver Latin' is often given to the literature of the first century of the Christian era and is generally understood to imply its inferiority to the Golden Age of the late Republic and Augustan era. Analogy with the five Hesiodic ages, in which the silver age was both later and less worthy than the golden, suggests the cliche of decline. To what extent did the Romans of the early imperial period feel that they and their contemporaries were a falling away from the previous generation? We will see that the change in form of government, by denying opportunities for significant political speech, trivialised the art of oratory. But was there any such external constraint on poetry? Modern critics have reproached Silver Latin epic and tragedy with being 'rhetorical'. Certainly it is clear from Tacitus' Dialogus that men thwarted from political expression transferred to the safer vehicle of historical or mythical poetry both the techniques and ideals of public oratory. But just as no one suggests that Juvenal's satires were poorer compositions because of his apparent rhetorical skill, so rhetorical colouring in the higher poetic genres of tragedy and epic is not necessarily a fault. -
Joseph CV December 2018
Timothy A. Joseph Associate Professor, Department of Classics College of the Holy Cross [email protected] Academic Positions COLLEGE OF THE HOLY CROSS, DEPARTMENT OF CLASSICS Associate Professor, 2013– Assistant Professor, 2007–13 Visiting Assistant Professor, 2006–7 Education Harvard University, Ph.D., Classical Philology, June 2007 College of the Holy Cross, B.A., Classics, May 1998 Intercollegiate Center for Classical Studies, Rome, Fall 1996 Publications MONOGRAPH Tacitus the Epic Successor. Virgil, Lucan, and the Narrative of Civil War in the Histories. Mnemosyne Supplements. Monographs on Greek and Latin language and literature, vol. 345 (Brill, 2012). Rev. in Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2013.5.17 (S. Bartera); and The Classical Review 63.2 (R. Ash). ARTICLES AND BOOK CHAPTERS 1. “The Metamorphoses of Tanta Moles: Ovid, Met. 15.765 and Tacitus, Ann. 1.11.1,” Vergilius 54 (2008): 24–36. 2. “The Disunion of Catullus’ Fratres Unanimi at Virgil, Aeneid 7.335–6,” The Classical Quarterly 59.1 (2009): 274–278. 3. “Ac rursus noua laborum facies: Tacitus’ Repetition of Virgil’s Wars at Histories 3.26–34,” in John F. Miller and A. J. Woodman, eds., Latin Historiography and Poetry in the Early Empire: Generic Interactions (Brill, 2010), 155–169. 4. “Tacitus and Epic,” in Victoria E. Pagán, ed., A Companion to Tacitus (Blackwell, 2012), 369– 385. 5. “Repetita bellorum ciuilium memoria: The remembrance of civil war and its literature in Tacitus, Histories 1.50,” in Jonas Grethlein and Christopher Krebs, eds., Time and Narrative in Ancient Historiography: The ‘Plupast’ from Herodotus to Appian (Cambridge University Press, 2012), 156– 174. -
Rhetoric on Rhetoric: Criticism of Oratory in Seneca’S Troades
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ELTE Digital Institutional Repository (EDIT) RHETORIC ON RHETORIC: CRITICISM OF ORATORY IN SENECA’S TROADES TOBIAS DÄNZER While statements criticizing contemporary rhetoric are considerably few in the prosaic work of the younger Seneca, there is clear evidence for harsh criticism in his tragedies. This paper draws attention to the word battle between Ulysses and Andromache in the Troades (vv. 522–814), where the protagonists appear to quarrel over the fate of little Astyanax, son of Andromache and Hector and potential avenger of Troy. The true matter of the rhetorically organised dispute, however, is rhetoric itself. Ulysses presents himself as a shrewd and ruthless advocate in a lawsuit, trying to reveal the boy’s true whereabouts, in order to kill him. He accuses Andromache, who tries to save her child, of rhetorical tricks, grandiloquence and obstinacy. By embellishing his criticism with myth and poetry, Seneca has found a way to accuse contemporary rhetoric of political ineffectiveness, forensic uselessness, and moral turpitude. The literature of the 1st century AD knew various interpretations concerned with the circumstances that caused the decline of contemporary rhetoric.1 The elder Seneca, who was the first to advance arguments on the topic, saw the rhetoric of his age in decline for three main reasons. To him, the decline began soon after Cicero’s time and was due either to the decadent lifestyle of his contemporaries, to the fading prospects of honour, or to the persistent and natural change of greatness and depravity.2 1 Literature on the topic is abundant: HELDMANN (1982) dedicates a detailed study on the subject; good overviews are given by CAPLAN (1944), FANTHAM (1978), WILLIAMS (1978: 6–51), KENNEDY (1972: 446–464), FAIRWEATHER (1981: 132– 148) and KENNEDY (1994: 159–200, esp. -
Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 74-10,982
INFORMATION TO USERS This material was produced from a microfilm copy of the original document. White the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the original submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or patterns which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting thru an image and duplicating adjacent pages to insure you complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a large round black mark, it is an indication that the photographer suspected that the copy may have moved during exposure and thus cause a blurred image. You will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., was part of the material being photographed the photographer followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin photoing at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue photoing from left to right in equal sections with a small overlap. If necessary, sectioning is continued again — beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. The majority of users indicate that the textual content is of greatest value, however, a somewhat higher quality reproduction could be made from "photographs" if essential to the understanding of the dissertation. -
The Sophistic Roman: Education and Status in Quintilian, Tacitus and Pliny Brandon F. Jones a Dissertation Submitted in Partial
The Sophistic Roman: Education and Status in Quintilian, Tacitus and Pliny Brandon F. Jones A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2015 Reading Committee: Alain Gowing, Chair Catherine Connors Alexander Hollmann Deborah Kamen Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Classics ©Copyright 2015 Brandon F. Jones University of Washington Abstract The Sophistic Roman: Education and Status in Quintilian, Tacitus and Pliny Brandon F. Jones Chair of Supervisory Commitee: Professor Alain Gowing Department of Classics This study is about the construction of identity and self-promotion of status by means of elite education during the first and second centuries CE, a cultural and historical period termed by many as the Second Sophistic. Though the Second Sophistic has traditionally been treated as a Greek cultural movement, individual Romans also viewed engagement with a past, Greek or otherwise, as a way of displaying education and authority, and, thereby, of promoting status. Readings of the work of Quintilian, Tacitus and Pliny, first- and second-century Latin prose authors, reveal a remarkable engagement with the methodologies and motivations employed by their Greek contemporaries—Dio of Prusa, Plutarch, Lucian and Philostratus, most particularly. The first two chapters of this study illustrate and explain the centrality of Greek in the Roman educational system. The final three chapters focus on Roman displays of that acquired Greek paideia in language, literature and oratory, respectively. As these chapters demonstrate, the social practices of paideia and their deployment were a multi-cultural phenomenon. Table of Contents Acknowledgements ........................................................................... 2 Introduction ....................................................................................... 4 Chapter One. -
Romans and Barbarians in Tacitus' Battle Narratives
ROMANS AND BARBARIANS IN TACITUS’ BATTLE NARRATIVES by RYAN MICHAEL SEEGER (Under the direction of Dr. Susan Mattern-Parkes) ABSTRACT The purpose of the study is to examine how Tacitus constructs ethnic stereotypes, namely those of the Romans and of the barbarians, in his battle narratives. The first section of the study explores his descriptions of technical aspects of the battle narrative, such as topography, use of weaponry, battle formations, and sieges. The second section examines the value judgments that Tacitus makes about the combatants and their actions, discussing the themes of discipline and virtus, as well as the leaders’ ability to lead by example and stifle dissent. In his descriptions of both the technical and the “moral” aspects of battle, Tacitus shapes his Romans quite differently from his barbarians. Tacitus constructs identities in his battle narratives possibly to satisfy his audience’s expectations or to make the scenes more understandable. Such constructions indicate that ethnocentrism plays an important role in Latin historiography, revealing racial prejudice in Roman society. INDEX WORDS: Tacitus, battle narratives, Roman army, barbarians, ethnicity. ROMANS AND BARBARIANS IN TACITUS’ BATTLE NARRATIVES by RYAN MICHAEL SEEGER B. A., Appalachian State University, 1998 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The University of Georgia in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree MASTER OF ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2002 © 2002 Ryan Michael Seeger All Rights Reserved ROMANS AND BARBARIANS IN TACITUS’ BATTLE NARRATIVES by RYAN MICHAEL SEEGER Approved: Major Professor: Susan Mattern-Parkes Committee: James Anderson Erika Thorgerson-Hermanowicz Electronic Version Approved: Gordhan L. Patel Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia August 2002 iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Several people were instrumental in the completion of this thesis. -
The World of Tacitus' Dialogus De Oratoribus: Aesthetics and Empire in Ancient Rome Christopher S
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02090-0 - The World of Tacitus' Dialogus de Oratoribus: Aesthetics and Empire in Ancient Rome Christopher S. Van Den Berg Frontmatter More information THE WORLD OF TACITUS’ DIALOGUS DE ORATORIBUS Coming to terms with the rhetorical arts of antiquity necessarily illuminates our own sense of public discourse and the habits of speech to which it has led. Tacitus wrote the Dialogus at a time (c. 100 ce) when intense scrutiny of the history, the definitions, and the immediate relevance of public speech were all being challenged and refashioned by a host of vibrant intellects and ambitious practitioners. This book challenges the notion that Tacitus sought to explain the decline of oratory under the principate. Rather, from examination of the dynamics of argument in the dialogue and the underlying literary traditions there emerges a sophisticated consideration of eloquentia in the Roman empire. Tacitus emulates Cicero’s legacy and challenges his position at the top of Rome’s oratorical canon. He further shows that eloquentia is a means by which to compete with the power of the principate. christopher s. van den berg is Assistant Professor of Classics at Amherst College, Massachusetts. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02090-0 - The World of Tacitus' Dialogus de Oratoribus: Aesthetics and Empire in Ancient Rome Christopher S. Van Den Berg Frontmatter More information © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02090-0 - The World of Tacitus' Dialogus de Oratoribus: Aesthetics and Empire in Ancient Rome Christopher S. -
Athanaric the Visigoth: Monarchy Or J
earlier one, any more than we can accept the pos- sibiliQ of arrioing at the name Jor the Gothic Athanaric the judge from Celtic, in a way in which tl~is possible for rciks. ,Such an obseruation, otherwise trivial in itsel_r, .rerues to characteriie the methodr Visigoth: arid Limits of the Blnctional compariso~~.This yields historical insighls which appb to the in- dividual case in question: along with new con- monarchy or sideratio~uconcerning rcx-rciks, an ar~qument i.s de~eloped againrt tlie opinion tliat Atizanaric's ,judgeship was olle of a lower rank than genuine J'udgeship. kingship, before which tiie GotIiZC clii@-for whateuer reasoz -- was supposed io haue draron back infear. This makes his judgeship look more A study in like an 'i~utitutionalized magisiracy', exercising rgal power for a set term, than a mere ethnic dignip. Further, the compariron estab1khe.r that the comparative Celtic, as well as tlie Gothic, judqechip was pouibly held in dual,fashio~z,or could be held tltat history wq, bcfore the period under o6,seruaiion; howeuer, the pairs to be dealt with here do 1101 represent afly 'Dioscurian' doi~blechiefdom but rather pairs of Herwig Wolfram chieftains riualling each olher. The archaic ex- perience may serue i~ithis instarice o~ilyas a model fol- siiaping lhe traditio~i. Finally, it is recognized - and thir co111d well be our most importa~~tfinding- that the judgeship is limiled, not onb in time but also in territoly: il 7he declcion to risk an attempt atfunctional com- had valid ,jurisdictiot~ o~zbi~zside the tribal ler- parison between two historicaljgures ouer a period ritoiy ilself. -
Roman Soldier Germanic Warrior Lindsay Ppowellowell
1st Century AD Roman Soldier VERSUS Germanic Warrior Lindsay Powell © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com 1st Century ad Roman Soldier Germanic Warrior Lindsay PowellPowell © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com INTRODUCTION 4 THE OPPOSING SIDES 10 Recruitment and motivation t Morale and logistics t Training, doctrine and tactics Leadership and communications t Use of allies and auxiliaries TEUTOBURG PASS 28 Summer AD 9 IDISTAVISO 41 Summer AD 16 THE ANGRIVARIAN WALL 57 Summer AD 16 ANALYSIS 71 Leadership t Mission objectives and strategies t Planning and preparation Tactics, combat doctrine and weapons AFTERMATH 76 BIBLIOGRAPHY 78 INDEX 80 © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com Introduction ‘Who would leave Asia, or Africa, or Italia for Germania, with its wild country, its inclement skies, its sullen manners and aspect, unless indeed it were his home?’ (Tacitus, Germania 2). This negative perception of Germania – the modern Netherlands and Germany – lay behind the reluctance of Rome’s great military commanders to tame its immense wilderness. Caius Iulius Caesar famously threw a wooden pontoon bridge across the River Rhine (Rhenus) in just ten days, not once but twice, in 55 and 53 bc. The next Roman general to do so was Marcus Agrippa, in 39/38 bc or 19/18 bc. However, none of these missions was for conquest, but in response to pleas for assistance from an ally of the Romans, the Germanic nation of the Ubii. It was not until the reign of Caesar Augustus that a serious attempt was made to annex the land beyond the wide river and transform it into a province fit for Romans to live in. -
531 Van Den Berg, CS Tacitus' Dialogus De Oratoribus Is An
de novis libris iudicia 531 Van den Berg, C.S. The World of Tacitus’ Dialogus de Oratoribus. Aesthetics and Empire in Ancient Rome. Cambridge/New York, Cambridge University Press, 2014. xiii, 344 pp. Pr. £ 74.99 (hb). ISBN 9781107020900. Tacitus’ Dialogus de Oratoribus is an elusive work. It has engaged many gen- erations of scholars, provoking them to ask all kinds of questions and adopt varied approaches which have often led to their own several cul-de-sacs. It took a long time even to demonstrate convincingly that the work is not spuri- ous and was indeed written by the great historian. Another vexed question is that of the decline of eloquence. Being the starting-point of the dialogue it is, understandably, taken for granted by many. It means, however, reading the Dialogus as a pamphlet, not a dialogue, and discarding the modernist dis- course it contains itself—not to mention Tacitus’ own modern style as it is exemplified in the Annals and Histories. A third pitfall, related to the previous one, is a frequent tendency to view the Dialogus as a set of separate and even incompatible speeches rather than a dialogue (“persuasion-oriented readings”, as van den Berg calls them, see pp. 67-88). This may prompt the view that the work is flawed, unbalanced, lacking closure; or, fourthly, it may induce readers to choose sides in the debate, because they feel that one speaker must be right and the others in the wrong. When this happens, Maternus usually prevails, being accorded the honourable position of mouthpiece for Tacitus’ ‘real’ opin- ions, while poor Aper is discredited as an opportunist whose mores are as cor- rupt as his oratory (“character-oriented readings”, see pp.